Academic literature on the topic 'Nickel-Iron Accumulator'
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Journal articles on the topic "Nickel-Iron Accumulator"
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Daud, M. K., Shafaqat Ali, Zohaib Abbas, Ihsan Elahi Zaheer, Muhammad Ahsan Riaz, Afifa Malik, Afzal Hussain, Muhammad Rizwan, Muhammad Zia-ur-Rehman, and Shui Jin Zhu. "Potential of Duckweed (Lemna minor) for the Phytoremediation of Landfill Leachate." Journal of Chemistry 2018 (December 2, 2018): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/3951540.
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Phytoextraction of zinc, copper, lead, iron, and nickel from landfill leachate by duckweed (L. minor) was investigated every 3 days over a period of 2 weeks. Bioconcentration factor and removal efficiency were also calculated. Results of this study proved that L. minor significantly reduced the concentration of heavy metals in landfill leachate. Removal efficiency of L. minor, for all the metals, from landfill leachate was more than 70% with the maximum value for copper (91%). Reduction in chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biological oxygen demand (BOD) was observed by 39% and 47%, respectively. However, other physiochemical parameters like pH, total suspended solids, (TSS) and total dissolved solids (TDS) were reduced by 13%, 33%, and 41%, respectively. The value of bioconcentration factor (BCF) was less than 1 with the maximum figure for copper (0.84) and lead (0.81), showing that the plant is a moderate accumulator for these heavy metals. Duckweed (L. minor) appeared as a sustainable alternative candidate and is recommended for the treatment of landfill leachate waste water contaminants.
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Galushkin, Nikolay, Natalya Yazvinskaya, and Dmitry Galushkin. "Research of Accumulation of Hydrogen in Nickel-Iron Accumulators." University News. North-Caucasian Region. Technical Sciences Series, no. 6 (December 2014): 96–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.17213/0321-2653-2014-6-96-99.
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Khasanova, Rezeda Firgatovna, Irina Nikolaevna Semenova, Yuliya Samigullovna Rafikova, Yalil Tukhvatovich Suyundukov, and Irina Valerievna Ilyina. "Assessment of ecological and geochemical condition of soils and dust content of atmospheric air in the residential zone of the mining industry center." Samara Journal of Science 7, no. 4 (November 30, 2018): 138–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/snv201874124.
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The research studies the content of heavy metals (HM) in soils of residential zones of Sibay - the mining industry center of the South-East of the Republic of Bashkortostan. It is shown that in soils under herbaceous vegetation there is an increased content of a number of HMS, such as copper, zinc and cadmium. At the same time the areas located under the crown of Betula pendula Roth. are less contaminated with HM compared to open areas. Reduced content of a number of metals (iron, cadmium, cobalt and mobile forms of Nickel) in soils under the crown of the Roth confirms the barrier role of woody plants that protect the soil from airborne toxicants. The study showed the prospects of using a birch as a type of accumulator-phytoremediant in the greening of the mining region urban areas of the Republic of Bashkortostan. Studies of TM content in organs and tissues have shown that representatives of the species growing in Sibay can accumulate a significant amount of phytotoxicants, especially zinc, the content of which ranged 1041-1855 mg/kg. One of the sources of the increased TM content in the leaves and the bark of trees is dust. The paper presents a comparative study of the dustiness of birch leaves growing in the Central part of the city with heavy traffic and in the vicinity of the Sibay quarry, developing a Deposit of copper-zinc ore. The amount of dust on the leaves collected near the dumps of the Sibay quarry was 3,53 0,64 g/m, which is less than in the Central part of the city, where this figure reached 41,04 10,38 g/m. Obviously, this is due to the fact that the dumps of the Sibay quarry are located in an open and intensively ventilated area, which explains the strong dispersion of dust. At the same time dust particles near the quarry dumps are much more contaminated with manganese, cobalt and cadmium than in the Central part of the city.
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Chaplygin, V. A., T. S. Ershova, and V. F. Zaitsev. "Transference of metals in the soil‐food chain system: of Caspian Sea sturgeons." South of Russia: ecology, development 14, no. 3 (October 10, 2019): 138–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.18470/1992-1098-2019-3-138-143.
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Aim. Identification of metal transference characteristics in components of the ecosystem of the north‐western part of the Caspian Sea. Material and Methods. Sampling was carried out according to generally accepted methods and the determination of heavy metals was carried out by atomic absorption spectroscopy using an atomic absorption spectrometer with electro‐thermal atomization MGA‐915 MD. Results. In studying the migration of trace elements in the trophic chains of the Caspian Sea sturgeon species it was found that: (a) chromium, manganese and iron do not accumulate along the trophic chain researched; (b) accumulation of lead and cobalt above the trophic level occupied by benthic invertebrates did not occur; (c) cadmium, nickel and copper were accumulated primarily by benthic organisms, while cadmium and nickel accumulated in the kidneys of Russian and Persian sturgeons and copper accumulated in the liver of both species (d) bioaccumulation of zinc occurs sequentially in the links: soil‐water‐benthic invertebrates‐benthophage fish (in Russian and Persian sturgeons in their kidneys, liver and muscles) and (e) mercury migrates along the links of the food chain, accumulation coefficients increasing progressively in the system: soil‐Didacna mollusc‐benthophage fish (in Russian and Persian sturgeons in their kidneys, liver and muscles). Conclusion. The accumulation of heavy metals from water amongst aquatic organisms depends on the properties of the metal, its involvement in biochemical processes, species, biological status and the nature of abiotic living conditions.
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Cepoi, Liliana, Inga Zinicovscaia, Ludmila Rudi, Tatiana Chiriac, Svetlana Djur, Nikita Yushin, and Dmitrii Grozdov. "Assessment of Metal Accumulation by Arthrospira platensis and Its Adaptation to Iterative Action of Nickel Mono- and Polymetallic Synthetic Effluents." Microorganisms 10, no. 5 (May 17, 2022): 1041. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10051041.
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Cyanobacteria-mediated wastewater remediation is an economical, efficient, and eco-friendly technology. The present work deals with the bioaccumulation performance of Arthrospira platensis (Spirulina) grown for four cycles in a medium containing nickel mono- and polymetallic synthetic effluents. The metal uptake by spirulina biomass was evaluated using neutron activation analysis. The effects of effluents on biomass production, protein, and phycobiliprotein content were assessed. Metal accumulation in the biomass depended on the effluent composition and metal ion concentrations. Nickel accumulation in the biomass was directly proportional to its concentration in effluents, and maximum uptake (1310 mg/kg) was attained in the Ni/Cr/Fe system. In the same system, biomass accumulated 110 times more chromium and 4.7 times more iron than control. The highest accumulation of copper (2870 mg/kg) was achieved in the Ni/Cu/Zn/Mo system and zinc (1860 mg/kg)—in the Ni/Cu/Zn/Sr system. In biomass grown in the media loaded with nickel and also chromium, iron, copper, strontium, zinc, and molybdenum, a decrease in productivity (on average by 10%) during the first cycle of cultivation and moderate reduction of protein content (by 15–27%) was observed. The presence of metals in the cultivation media inhibited phycobiliprotein synthesis, especially of phycocyanin, and promoted the synthesis of allophycocyanin. The maximum reduction of phycocyanin content was 77%, and the increase of allophycocyanin content—by 45%. Arthrospira platensis may be deemed as bioremediation of nickel-polluted wastewaters of complex composition.
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Bastanov, R. I., S. S. Shakirova, O. A. Gumenyuk, A. O. Derkho, and E. A. Krasnoperva. "Assessment of ecological safety of fish from anthropogenically polluted freshwater reservoir." E3S Web of Conferences 282 (2021): 03004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202128203004.
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The content of heavy metals in fish of different ecological groups in the conditions of the Argazinsky reservoir (Russia) has been studied, its ecological safety when used as a product nutrition was given. The material of the study was “local” fish (bream, pike, perch, roach, whitefish) caught by fishermen. The content of heavy metals was determined by atomic absorption method. Compared to muscular tissue, bone tissue has been found to accumulate more manganese, zinc, cadmium, lead, cobalt, nickel, iron (except for roach), copper, except for perch. The value of the metal pollution index (Pi) is greater than one in bream muscles in nickel, lead and cobalt; pike — nickel. The multifactor index of metal contamination (MPI) in the muscular tissue of fish are located in the following order: bream > pike > roach, whitefish > perch. Pi >1.0 value in skeletal tissue of bream in lead, nickel, cobalt, manganese, cadmium, zinc, iron; pike — lead, nickel, cadmium, zinc, manganese; perch — lead, cadmium; roach — zinc, cobalt, lead, cadmium; whitefish — manganese, lead, cadmium. By the magnitude of MPI, the skeletal tissue is ranked in the following order: pike > bream > whitefish > roach > perch. Pike MPI=3, 85, bream MPI=3, 10. The following row is formed by the value of fish fatness: perch > roach > whitefish > bream > pike. The fatness amount in the body of pike and bream is affected by excessively accumulated metals (nickel, cobalt and lead in bream, nickel, cadmium, and lead in pike), and in perch, roach, and whitefish - essential (iron, cobalt, copper and zinc in perch, manganese, iron and copper in roach, manganese, cobalt and zinc in whitefish).
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Sultana, N., S. Mazumdar, MS Chaudhury, and MK Rahman. "Combined Effects of Nickel and Arsenic on Growth and Mineral Nutrients Accumulation in Kalmi (Ipomoea Aquatica), Red Amaranth (Amaranthus SP.) And Spinach (Spinacia Oleracea L.) And Nutrient Release Pattern In Soil at Different Days of Incubation." Journal of Biodiversity Conservation and Bioresource Management 8, no. 2 (January 16, 2023): 79–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbcbm.v8i2.63819.
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Arsenic (As) is a broadly distributed toxic metalloid that accumulates in the environment through natural and anthropogenic sources. Numerous techniques were evolved for arsenic remediation from water including adsorption, flocculation, ion exchange and reverse osmosis. Due to the excessive affinity between iron and inorganic arsenic species, iron-based adsorption is an emerging technique for the remediation of arsenic-contaminated water and soil. Whereas iron (Fe) and nickel (Ni) belong to the same chemical group (VIIIB) in the periodic table, it is expected to get similar interaction of Ni with As. An in vitro incubation study and pot experiment were conducted to evaluate the effect of Nickel on mineral release patterns in soil and growth yield of kalmi (Ipomoea aquatica), red amaranth (Amaranthus sp.) and Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.). Nickel was applied as different doses of Nickel of 10, 40 and 160 mg/kg respectively where As was applied with irrigation water at the rates of 1 mg/L and incubated at field moisture condition for 10, 20 and 30 days individually in different pots. Total organic carbon (C), total nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), sulfur (S), potassium (K) and 0.1N HCl extractable arsenic (As), iron (Fe) contents were determined at 10, 20 and 30 days of incubation. The pot experiment was carried out in triplicates for 45 days till the plants were grown to maturity. The growth performance of plants and the remedial effect of Ni on As toxicity in soil and plant was examined. Nickel showed a significant impact on fresh and dry yield of three plants and an antagonistic relationship between Ni and As was also observed i.e., Ni in soil was found to lessen the availability of As in soil likewise its accumulation in plants. J. Biodivers. Conserv. Bioresour. Manag. 2022, 8(2): 79-88
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Shukla, Rajni. "Hazardous Impact of Nickel in Alteration of Antioxidative Mechanism and Inhibition of Growth and Biomass Yield in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLANT AND ENVIRONMENT 7, no. 04 (December 31, 2021): 273–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.18811/ijpen.v7i04.6.
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Many anthropogenic activities (smelters, mines and municipal waste) enhance the heavy metal toxicity in soil and water and it is gradually accumulated in plants, and finally through food chain it reaches to human beings. To investigate hazardous impact of excess nickel on growth, biomass, yield and metabolism of rice (Oryza sativa L) the plants were grown in refined sand at 0.0001mM (control), 0.05, 0.10, 0.20, 0.40, and 0.50 mM nickel (Ni) supply. After 16 days of treatment the excess supply of Ni(>0.50mM) reduced biomass, photosynthetic pigments (both chlorophyll a and b), Hill reaction activity, water soluble proteins, activity of catalase (CAT), and enhanced the activity of peroxidase (POX), ribonuclease and acid phosphatase in rice leaves. The antioxidative regulation was inhibited through CAT, although increased activity of POX supported the plants in overcoming the toxic effect of nickel. At 112 days (70 days after Ni treatment) the accumulation of iron in shoot and root was reduced. Phosphorus was significantly increased in both shoot and root. Sulphur accumulation was increased in panicle, leaves, shoot and root. Nickel accumulation in different plant parts was increased many fold (as in leaves it was increased about 25 times, in stem 18 times and in roots it was 17 times) in 0.50 mM Ni supply in comparision to control. Rice appeared very prone to nickel toxicity as Ni supply beyond 0.050 mM resulted into complete loss of economic yield due to inhibited flowering and poor panicle numbers.
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Shukla, Rajni. "Hazardous Impact of Nickel in Alteration of Antioxidative Mechanism and Inhibition of Growth and Biomass Yield in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLANT AND ENVIRONMENT 7, no. 04 (December 31, 2021): 273–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.18811/ijpen.v7i04.6.
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Many anthropogenic activities (smelters, mines and municipal waste) enhance the heavy metal toxicity in soil and water and it is gradually accumulated in plants, and finally through food chain it reaches to human beings. To investigate hazardous impact of excess nickel on growth, biomass, yield and metabolism of rice (Oryza sativa L) the plants were grown in refined sand at 0.0001mM (control), 0.05, 0.10, 0.20, 0.40, and 0.50 mM nickel (Ni) supply. After 16 days of treatment the excess supply of Ni(>0.50mM) reduced biomass, photosynthetic pigments (both chlorophyll a and b), Hill reaction activity, water soluble proteins, activity of catalase (CAT), and enhanced the activity of peroxidase (POX), ribonuclease and acid phosphatase in rice leaves. The antioxidative regulation was inhibited through CAT, although increased activity of POX supported the plants in overcoming the toxic effect of nickel. At 112 days (70 days after Ni treatment) the accumulation of iron in shoot and root was reduced. Phosphorus was significantly increased in both shoot and root. Sulphur accumulation was increased in panicle, leaves, shoot and root. Nickel accumulation in different plant parts was increased many fold (as in leaves it was increased about 25 times, in stem 18 times and in roots it was 17 times) in 0.50 mM Ni supply in comparision to control. Rice appeared very prone to nickel toxicity as Ni supply beyond 0.050 mM resulted into complete loss of economic yield due to inhibited flowering and poor panicle numbers.
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Omaiye, Esther E., Monique Williams, Krassimir N. Bozhilov, and Prue Talbot. "Design features and elemental/metal analysis of the atomizers in pod-style electronic cigarettes." PLOS ONE 16, no. 3 (March 9, 2021): e0248127. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0248127.
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Background The atomizers of electronic cigarettes (ECs) contain metals that transfer to the aerosol upon heating and may present health hazards. This study analyzed 4th-generation EC pod atomizer design features and characterized their elemental/metal composition. Methods Eleven EC pods from six brands/manufacturers were purchased at local shops and online. Pods were dissected and imaged using a Canon EOS Rebel SL2 camera. Elemental analysis and mapping of atomizer components was done using a scanning electron microscope coupled with an energy dispersive x-ray spectrometer. Results EC pods varied in size and design. The internal atomizer components were similar across brands except for variations occurring mainly in the wicks and filaments of some products. The filaments were either Elinvar (nickel, iron, and chromium) (36.4%), nichrome (36.4%), iron-chromium (18.2%), or nickel (9%). Thick wires present in 55% of the atomizers were mainly nickel and were joined to filaments by brazing. Wire-connector joints were Elinvar. Metal air tubes were made of Elinvar (50%), nickel, zinc, copper, and tin (37.5%), and nickel and copper (12.5%). Most of the wick components were silica, except for two pods (PHIX and Mico), which were mainly ceramic. Connectors contained gold-plated nickel, iron-chromium multiple alloys of nickel, zinc, gold, iron, and copper. Wick chambers were made of Elinvar. Outer casings were either nickel, copper-tin, or nickel-copper alloys. Magnets were nickel with minor iron, copper, and sulfur. Some frequently occurring elements were high in relative abundance in atomizer components. Conclusions The atomizers of pods are similar to previous generations, with the introduction of ceramic wicks and magnets in the newer generations. The elements in EC atomizers may transfer into aerosols and adversely affect health and accumulate in the environment.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Nickel-Iron Accumulator"
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Sundar, Rajan A. "Studies on Alkaline Iron Electrodes for Nickel-Iron Accumulators." Thesis, 2015. https://etd.iisc.ac.in/handle/2005/4525.
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A battery is a companion whose interests are world-wide and whose society has never-ending interests. Batteries have applications in cars to space and there is ever growing addiction to batteries. A battery consists of two electrodes, an anode and a cathode, and an electrolyte through which electrically charged particles but not electrons or reactants can move. Two chemical reactions take place at the same time. The reaction taking place at the anode is an oxidation reaction which results in generation of electrons while the chemical reaction taking place at the cathode is a reduction reaction which results in the depletion of electrons. Accordingly, the anode and cathode of the battery are also referred to as negative and positive plates. When the battery is connected to an external circuit, the excess electrons from the anode flow through the circuit and back to the cathode. As the electrons move through the circuit, they lose energy. This energy may be used to create heat or light as in an electrical heater or light bulb, or to do work as in a motor. The flow of electrons results in a current and by convention the direction of the current is opposite to the direction of flow of electrons. The energy which the electrons lose as they move through the circuit is called voltage. The product of the current and the voltage is power delivered to the circuit. When a battery delivers electric current to an external load, certain active materials in the battery are converted into other materials at lower energy states and the battery is eventually discharged. During recharge, a storage battery behaves like an electrolytic cell where the active electrode materials are retrieved.
It is desirable that the energy delivered by a battery during discharge should be as high as possible. The energy output of a battery is dependent on the amount of active material present in the battery. Since the weight and volume of the battery are at premium for most of the applications, it is the energy density which has to be maximized. Engineers refer to the quantity of electricity stored per kilogram of the battery as the energy density; the speed of delivery or rate of discharge is called power density. For many applications, such as traction and automotive, it is also necessary to have a high power density. However, the energy density tends to decrease with an increase in power density because at high rates of discharge, a part of the energy is irreversibly lost as heat in the system. For an efficient delivery of charge from a battery, it is desirable that, the energy density be maximized at optimum required power.
Between periods of use, a loss in the available energy of the battery occurs partly due to a leakage of charge between the electrodes and partly due to consumption of charge at the electrodes by the parasitic reactions. This is commonly referred to as self-discharge. This results in a decrease in both the effectiveness of the battery as a source of energy and also its reliability for a given application during storage. Structural integrity of the battery is another important characteristic since this confers immunity from mechanical stresses such as vibrations and shocks to which batteries are often subjected in practice. In short, a maximum energy at optimum power density, minimum internal resistance, maximum charge retention, mechanical strength and long cycle-life are the desirable characteristics of a battery.
Books on the topic "Nickel-Iron Accumulator"
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Bagatto, Giuseppe. Copper, cadmium, nickel, zinc, iron, magnesium, and manganese accumulation in crayfish populations near copper-nickel smelters at Sudbury, Ontario, Canada. [s.l: s.n.], 1987.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Nickel-Iron Accumulator"
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Sokolov, V. M. "The Technological Aspects of the Nickel — Iron Accumulator Batteries Recycling." In Hydrogen Materials Science and Chemistry of Metal Hydrides, 71–74. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0558-6_8.
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Zolnikov, Konstantin P., Dmitrij S. Kryzhevich, and Aleksandr V. Korchuganov. "Regularities of Structural Rearrangements in Single- and Bicrystals Near the Contact Zone." In Springer Tracts in Mechanical Engineering, 301–22. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-60124-9_14.
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AbstractThe chapter is devoted to the analysis of the features of local structural rearrangementsin nanostructured materialsunder shear loadingand nanoindentation. The study was carried out using molecular dynamics-based computer simulation. In particular, we investigated the features of symmetric tilt grain boundary migration in bcc and fcc metals under shear loading. The main emphasis was on identifying atomic mechanisms responsible for the migration of symmetric tilt grain boundaries. We revealed that grain boundaries of this type can move with abnormally high velocities up to several hundred meters per second. The grain boundary velocity depends on the shear rate and grain boundary structure. It is important to note that the migration of grain boundary does not lead to the formation of structural defects. We showed that grain boundary moves in a pronounced jump-like manner as a result of a certain sequence of self-consistent displacements of grain boundary atomic planes and adjacent planes. The number of atomic planes involved in the migration process depends on the structure of the grain boundary. In the case of bcc vanadium, five planes participate in the migration of the Σ5(210)[001] grain boundary, and three planes determine the Σ5(310)[001] grain boundary motion. The Σ5(310)[001] grain boundary in fcc nickel moves as a result of rearrangements of six atomic planes. The stacking order of atomic planes participating in the grain boundary migration can change. A jump-like manner of grain boundary motion may be divided into two stages. The first stage is a long time interval of stress increase during shear loading. The grain boundary is motionless during this period and accumulates elastic strain energy. This is followed by the stage of jump-like grain boundary motion, which results in rapid stress drop. The related study was focused on understanding the atomic rearrangements responsible for the nucleation of plasticity near different crystallographic surfaces of fcc and bcc metals under nanoindentation. We showed that a wedge-shaped region, which consists of atoms with a changed symmetry of the nearest environment, is formed under the indentation of the (001) surface of the copper crystallite. Stacking faults arise in the (111) atomic planes of the contact zone under the indentation of the (011) surface. Their escape on the side free surface leads to a step formation. Indentation of the (111) surface is accompanied by nucleation of partial dislocations in the contact zone subsequent formation of nanotwins. The results of the nanoindentation of bcc iron bicrystal show that the grain boundary prevents the propagation of structural defects nucleated in the contact zone into the neighboring grain.
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Salome Mthombeni, Tinyiko. "The Evaluation of the Macrophyte Species in the Accumulation of Selected Elements from the Varkenslaagte Drainage Line in the West Wits, Johannesburg South Africa." In Environmental Sciences. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.105708.
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Although mining has over the centuries improved the livelihoods and economies of many countries, the results have not spared the environment’s luxurious legacy. Acid mine drainage contaminated sites with heavy metals that affect negatively and positively the macrophytes plants that grow on those sites. Accumulated elements by macrophytes planted on artificial wetlands portray the relative bioconcentration and translocation factors. Various elements were measured in the sediment, water, and macrophytes from the sampled sites and the results indicate that concentrations accumulated by plants play a significant role in biological and chemical processes in soil-water-plant relations. When comparing the drinking water quality standards by international organizations that were used as a guideline for the comparisons of elements concentration levels of elements found in water, Iron (Fe), Nickel (Ni), Manganese (Mn), and Copper (Cu) were found to be above the international water quality standards for drinking water and their average concentrations were 2230, 282, 5950, and 14,080 μg/l respectively. The sequence of elements accumulation by the macrophytes differed per plant and each of the three macrophytes plants was a hyperaccumulator of a certain element.
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de Oliveira Barbirato, Juliano, Natália C. Ferreira, and Leonardo B. Dobbss. "Effect of Trace Elements Accumulation on Mangrove Ecosystem and Their Interaction with Humic Substances: The Case of Nickel and Iron." In Humic Substance [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.96778.
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Mangroves are areas of permanent preservation, but anthropogenic interference in this ecosystem (for example the launching of pollutants from industrial, mining, fertilizer by farmers, sewage) is increasing startlingly. Preserve and look for ways to bioremediate mangroves is fundamental, since these maintain the productivity of coastal ecosystems and is thus regarded as a natural nursery. The need to study the mangroves has been growing in recent years, particularly in respect to the environmental characteristics of this ecosystem. This chapter aimed to draw a parallel between the damage that can be caused by the trace elements nickel and iron on the mangrove ecosystem, more specifically affecting the nutrition of mangrove plants, in addition to showing possible effects of the interaction of these metals with humic substances of organic matter acting on the mitigation of stresses caused to the ecosystem under study. Through surveys of the information covered in this chapter, it can be observed that the presence of trace elements such as Iron and Nickel at high levels can cause eminent stress to the plant structure within the scope of its sedimentary physiology and biochemistry. It is necessary to subsidize further studies so that it is explicit and approved by the scientific community that, this environment, which is sensitive and important, the basis for various trophic levels, needs greater attention from government officials for its preservation, as well as the restoration of those many mangroves that are polluted by being close to urban places, receiving an exacerbated supply of pollutants.
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Burdenko, Elena Viktorovna, and Elena Bykasova. "Circular Economy Experience." In Handbook of Research on Entrepreneurship Development and Opportunities in Circular Economy, 167–94. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-5116-5.ch009.
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The chapter focuses on the historical aspect of economic development stages. It identifies agriculture-based, industrial, and post-industrial economies' characteristics. It is demonstrable that the problem of limited resources, the use of waste from consumption, and production has always existed. However, these problems were solved differently in different historical periods. The accumulated problems can be solved by the transition to a circular economy model. When studying the Russian experience in the transition to a circular economy model, the focus remains on Russian legislation. The example of Russian industrial enterprises shows the practical application of the circular economy principles. The research covers such enterprises as PJSC NK ROSNEFT (which includes PJSC ANK Bashneft, Bashneft-Ufaneftekhim, JSC Novokuibyshevsky Oil Refinery, and JSC Rospan International), PJSC TATNEFT, PJSC MMC Norilsk Nickel, PJSC Magnitogorsk Iron and Steel Works. The presentation is on strategies, policies, and programs aimed at ensuring industrial safety, labor protections, and the environment.
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Amine Didi, M. "Treatment of Wastewater by Nanofiltration." In Promising Techniques for Wastewater Treatment and Water Quality Assessment. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.94329.
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In recent years, some countries have implemented regulations governing aqueous discharges. With a view to sustainable development, manufacturers are looking for wastewater treatment technologies to control their discharges. Nanofiltration seems particularly suitable for the separation characteristics that it allows with regard to the size of the target molecules. Pollution by rare earths and heavy metals affects groundwater and surface water. This changed the quality of the water and made it unsafe to use. Water pollution is a big problem, given the diversity of sources and characteristics of polluting species, the main ones being industrial, urban and agricultural discharges, generated by human activity. The great difficulty being that heavy metals are not biodegradable and tend to accumulate in living organisms (fish, mollusks, vegetables, etc.) consumed by humans. For these concerns, environmental laws have become more severe. For this, the treatment of aqueous effluents has become important. It can be concluded that separation and purification chemistry is an area of topical research. The discharges coming from the industry contain heavy metals (chromium, copper, zinc, nickel, iron, cobalt, cadmium, lead, …) which are harmful for the human health, the fauna and flora. It is necessary to be well controlled. This chapter presents a study of nanofiltration for industrial wastewater treatment.
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Stoll, Stefani Natali, and Camila de Campos Velho Gewehr. "Toxicological analytical methods for metals identification in cosmetics." In GLOBAL HEALTH TRENDS AND PERSPECTIVES IN HEALTH SCIENCES. Seven Editora, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.56238/globalhealthprespesc-032.
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BACKGROUND: Cosmetic Toxicology involves the study of substances contained in beauty products that can accumulate in the body such as lead (Pb), aluminum (Al), cadmium (Cd), nickel (Ni), mercury (Hg), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), iron (Fe). These substances reach tissues and the bloodstream and can cause long-term damage such as hormonal disorders and carcinogenic events. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the toxicological analytical methods commonly used in the identification and/or quantification of heavy metal cosmetic ingredients. METHODS: A literature review was conducted with a targeted search of scientific articles during the month of June 2019 in the PubMed and Scielo databases published between 2009 and 2019, using the keywords: toxicology, cosmetic, metal. RESULTS: Spectrometry is the most widely used toxicological method in the detection of heavy metals in cosmetics and presents good accuracy and reliability. In the analyzed studies, several spectrometry variations were used, such as Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy, Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry, Optical Emission Spectrometry. Among the products analyzed for metals, lipstick was the most prevalent cosmetic (in 69% of cases), followed by eye shadows (in 38.4% of articles). CONCLUSIONS: The presence of heavy metals such as Pb, Al, Cr, Cd seems to be widely present in cosmetics such as lipsticks and eye shadows, at levels above the considerable safe.
Conference papers on the topic "Nickel-Iron Accumulator"
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Mitrofanova, Natalya A., Sergey S. Gnusarev, Boris P. Churakov, and Ekaterina V. Rassadina. "THE EFFECT OF MIXED ROT FROM THE PRESENT TINDER ON THE ACCUMULATION OF HEAVY METALS IN THE HANGING BIRCH." In Treshnikov readings – 2022 Modern geographical global picture and technology of geographic education. Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical University named after I. N. Ulyanov, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.33065/978-5-907216-88-4-2022-62-63.
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Gnusarev, S. S., N. A. Mitrofanova, and B. P. Churakov. "The effect of mixed rot from the present tinder (Fomes fomentarius (L.:Fr.) Gill.) on the accumulation of heavy metals in the hanging birch (Betula pendula Roth.)." In VIII Vserossijskaja konferencija s mezhdunarodnym uchastiem «Mediko-fiziologicheskie problemy jekologii cheloveka». Publishing center of Ulyanovsk State University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.34014/mpphe.2021-67-70.
Full textAbstract:
A study was conducted on the effect of mixed rot from the present tinder on the accumulation of heavy metals (copper, zinc, nickel, cadmium, lead, cobalt, iron) by hanging birch
Keywords: real tinder, mixed rot, heavy metals, hanging birch.
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Kalmanova, V. B. "ЭКОЛОГО-ГЕОХИМИЧЕСКОЕ РАЙОНИРОВАНИЕ ТЕРРИТОРИИГ. БИРОБИДЖАНА ПО УРОВНЮ ЗАГРЯЗНЕНИЯ СНЕЖНОГО ПОКРОВА." In Geosistemy vostochnyh raionov Rossii: osobennosti ih struktur i prostranstvennogo razvitiia. ИП Мироманова Ирина Витальевна, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.33833/tig.2019.81.41.013.
Full textAbstract:
В статье представлены результаты исследования экологогеохимического состояния снежного покрова как индикатора качества атмосферного воздуха г. Биробиджана. Выявлены основные природные и антропогенные факторы, предопределяющие экологическое состояние городской территории в зимний период (климатические, планировочная структура, стационарные и мобильные источники загрязнения). Определено, что выбросы основных загрязнителей во время отопительного сезона превышает летний в 6,5 раз. Проведены геохимические исследования снежного покрова на 60 экспериментальных площадках, заложенных в различных функциональных зонах города. Выявлено значительное превышение тяжелых металлов над фоновым уровнем: железа до 60, марганца до 50, меди до 40, цинка до 20, никеля до 12, свинца до 10, кобальта до 6 раз. С 2003 по 2018 годы содержание химических элементов в снеге увеличилось в 2 раза за счет мобильных источников загрязнения, ТЭЦ, котельных. Проведена сравнительная характеристика накопления тяжелых металлов в снеге за 2003 и 2018 годы и установлен ранжированный ряд загрязняющих токсичных веществ. Разработана шкала оценки загрязнения депонирующих сред по суммарному показателю концентрации тяжелых металлов, согласно которой в Биробиджане выявлено 5 уровней загрязнения снежного покрова. В целом экологическое состояние урбанизированной территории признано неудовлетворительным (8 площади территории относится к очень высокому, 14 к высокому, 21 к выше среднему, 27 к среднему уровням загрязнения, 30 к относительно чистым районам города). По полученным результатам разработана карта в программе ArcView GIS Экологогеохимическое районирование территории г. Биробиджана по уровню загрязнения снежного покрова с выделением наиболее загрязненных участков (70 от общей площади города является загрязненной). По результатам проведенных исследований предложены конструктивные методы планирования урбанизированной территории с целью улучшения ее экологического состояния: проведение геомониторинга (контроль загрязнения снежного покрова и своевременный его вывоз на специально оборудованные полигоны). Snow cover is taken as an indicator of air quality using Birobidzhan, a middlesize city in the Russian Far East, as a case study. The main natural and manmade determinants influencing the ecological state of the urban area in winter are identified: climate, a planning structure, and the stationary and mobile sources of pollution. During the heating season the emission of major pollutants exceeds the summer level by 6.5 times. The geochemical study of snow cover was performed at 60 experimental sites in different functional urban areas. A significant excess of heavy metals over the regional background level was revealed: iron up to 60 times, manganese up to 50, copper up to 40, zinc up to 20 , nickel up to 12, lead up to 10, cobalt up to 6 times. From 2003 to 2018 the content of chemical elements in snow increased in 2 times due to the mobile sources of pollution, thermal power plants, and boilers. The comparative characteristic of accumulation of heavy metals in snow for 2003 and 2018 is carried out, and the ranked number of polluting toxic substances is established. The scale of pollution assessment in depositing environments was developed using the cumulative indicator of heavy metal concentration. Five levels of snow cover pollution are found in Birobidzhan: low, moderate, above moderate, high and very high. As a whole, the ecological state of the urban area is considered as unsatisfactory (8 of the area with a very high level of pollution, 14 with high, 21 above moderate, 27 a moderate level of pollution, 30 a relatively clean area). According to the results, a map was developed in the ArcView GIS program Ecological and geochemical zoning of Birobidzhan, using the level of the snow cover pollution with the allocation of the most polluted areas (70 of the total area of the city is polluted). According to the results, a constructive method of planning in an urban area is proposed in order to improve its environmental condition: geomonitoring as a control of pollution in snow cover and its prompt removal to specially equipped landfills.
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Kalmanova, V. B. "ЭКОЛОГО-ГЕОХИМИЧЕСКОЕ РАЙОНИРОВАНИЕ ТЕРРИТОРИИГ. БИРОБИДЖАНА ПО УРОВНЮ ЗАГРЯЗНЕНИЯ СНЕЖНОГО ПОКРОВА." In Geosistemy vostochnyh raionov Rossii: osobennosti ih struktur i prostranstvennogo razvitiia. ИП Мироманова Ирина Витальевна, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.35735/tig.2019.81.41.013.
Full textAbstract:
В статье представлены результаты исследования экологогеохимического состояния снежного покрова как индикатора качества атмосферного воздуха г. Биробиджана. Выявлены основные природные и антропогенные факторы, предопределяющие экологическое состояние городской территории в зимний период (климатические, планировочная структура, стационарные и мобильные источники загрязнения). Определено, что выбросы основных загрязнителей во время отопительного сезона превышает летний в 6,5 раз. Проведены геохимические исследования снежного покрова на 60 экспериментальных площадках, заложенных в различных функциональных зонах города. Выявлено значительное превышение тяжелых металлов над фоновым уровнем: железа до 60, марганца до 50, меди до 40, цинка до 20, никеля до 12, свинца до 10, кобальта до 6 раз. С 2003 по 2018 годы содержание химических элементов в снеге увеличилось в 2 раза за счет мобильных источников загрязнения, ТЭЦ, котельных. Проведена сравнительная характеристика накопления тяжелых металлов в снеге за 2003 и 2018 годы и установлен ранжированный ряд загрязняющих токсичных веществ. Разработана шкала оценки загрязнения депонирующих сред по суммарному показателю концентрации тяжелых металлов, согласно которой в Биробиджане выявлено 5 уровней загрязнения снежного покрова. В целом экологическое состояние урбанизированной территории признано неудовлетворительным (8 площади территории относится к очень высокому, 14 к высокому, 21 к выше среднему, 27 к среднему уровням загрязнения, 30 к относительно чистым районам города). По полученным результатам разработана карта в программе ArcView GIS Экологогеохимическое районирование территории г. Биробиджана по уровню загрязнения снежного покрова с выделением наиболее загрязненных участков (70 от общей площади города является загрязненной). По результатам проведенных исследований предложены конструктивные методы планирования урбанизированной территории с целью улучшения ее экологического состояния: проведение геомониторинга (контроль загрязнения снежного покрова и своевременный его вывоз на специально оборудованные полигоны). Snow cover is taken as an indicator of air quality using Birobidzhan, a middlesize city in the Russian Far East, as a case study. The main natural and manmade determinants influencing the ecological state of the urban area in winter are identified: climate, a planning structure, and the stationary and mobile sources of pollution. During the heating season the emission of major pollutants exceeds the summer level by 6.5 times. The geochemical study of snow cover was performed at 60 experimental sites in different functional urban areas. A significant excess of heavy metals over the regional background level was revealed: iron up to 60 times, manganese up to 50, copper up to 40, zinc up to 20 , nickel up to 12, lead up to 10, cobalt up to 6 times. From 2003 to 2018 the content of chemical elements in snow increased in 2 times due to the mobile sources of pollution, thermal power plants, and boilers. The comparative characteristic of accumulation of heavy metals in snow for 2003 and 2018 is carried out, and the ranked number of polluting toxic substances is established. The scale of pollution assessment in depositing environments was developed using the cumulative indicator of heavy metal concentration. Five levels of snow cover pollution are found in Birobidzhan: low, moderate, above moderate, high and very high. As a whole, the ecological state of the urban area is considered as unsatisfactory (8 of the area with a very high level of pollution, 14 with high, 21 above moderate, 27 a moderate level of pollution, 30 a relatively clean area). According to the results, a map was developed in the ArcView GIS program Ecological and geochemical zoning of Birobidzhan, using the level of the snow cover pollution with the allocation of the most polluted areas (70 of the total area of the city is polluted). According to the results, a constructive method of planning in an urban area is proposed in order to improve its environmental condition: geomonitoring as a control of pollution in snow cover and its prompt removal to specially equipped landfills.