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1
Paakspuu, Kalli. "Off the Wall with Shchedryk." Interactive Film and Media Journal 1, no. 2 (November 22, 2021): 52–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.32920/ifmj.v1i2.1499.
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This paper examines how music and juxtapositions can ground a story in a longer history where the potential of images and cutting points become a dialectics of point, counter-point, and fusion in a revisitation of archetypal images and as a co-authorship of reception. A visual dialogue evolves in the film Shchedryk (2014) through a remediation of scenes from Sergei Eisenstein’s Battleship Potemkin (1925), Alexander Dovzhenko‘s Earth (1930) and Norman McLaren’s experimental film Synchromy (1971). People who do not have recourse to the dominant culture are through recipient-co-authorship able to replay things in more sophisticated ways. Judith Butler’s idea of the performative and of subjects re-performing an injury (Butler 1993) can be introduced to the multi-screen experience. Foregrounding the wounding aspect as visual images is about ‘bad pleasure’ (O’Brien & Julien 2005). If realness is a standard by which we judge any performance, what makes it effective is its ability to compel beliefs and embody and reiterate norms (Butler, 387). Image Credit: Frame from Shechedryk, directed by Kalli Paakspuu
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Neslušan, Miroslav, Jakub Čížek, Anna Mičietová, and Mária Čilliková. "Vplyv teploty na Barkhausenov šum v Co a Gd." Technológ 16, no. 2 (2024): 40–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.26552/tech.c.2024.2.4.
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The present paper deals with Barkhausen noise emission in Gd. Barkhausen noise emission was investigated in the temperature range mainly below the Gd Curie temperature when the spontaneous magnetization in Gd occurs. Barkhausen noise from the heavy rare-earth Gd is compared with Barkhausen noise emission from the transition metal Co measured at the same magnetizing and other conditions. This study demonstrates that Barkhausen noise emitted from Gd is much weaker than that originating from Co. This is a consequence of different spin exchange interaction among the neighbouring atoms, domain wall thickness as a well as domain wall energies. Moreover, Barkhausen noise is temperature sensitive especially for Gd sample as a result of the altering magneto-crystalline anisotropy.
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Balaji, Dilli, Ramalingam Velraj, and Malavarappu Ramanamurthy. "CFD studies on the influence of un-wetted area on the heat transfer performance of the horizontal tube falling film evaporation." Thermal Science, no. 00 (2021): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci200414056b.
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This paper discusses about the effect of un-wetted area of tube on the heat transfer performance of horizontal tube falling film evaporation. A 2D CFD model was developed to perform simulations and investigate the output and validated them with published data available in the literature. In the present study the VOF method is used to track the boundary of the liquid vapour from the contours of volume fraction. Effect of varying tube wall temperature or wall super heat (6 to 11?C) on un-wetted area, heat transfer co-efficients and mass transfer co-efficients of the circular tube were obtained from the simulation model and the results were analysed and reasons were identified and discussed here. The threshold value of wall super heat above which phase change occurs between liquid film and tube surface is identified as 6?C. Also it is noted that mass transfer rate increases and then decreases with increase of wall super heat and heat transfer co-efficient showed declining trend.
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Wu, Wenjing. "“near wall” combustion model of spark ignition engine." Thermal Science 25, no. 6 Part A (2021): 4189–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci2106189w.
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This paper has illustrated a "near wall" combustion model for a spark ignition engine that was included in a two-zone thermodynamic model. The model has calculated cylinder pressure and temperature, composition, as well as heat transfer of fresh and combustion gas. The CO submodel used a simplified chemical equation to calculate the dynamics of CO during the expansion phase. Subsequently, the HC submodel is introduced, and the post-flame oxidation of un-burned hydrocarbon was affected by the reaction/diffusion phenomenon. After burning 90% of the fuel, the hydrocarbon reaction dominates at a very late stage of combustion. This modeling method can more directly describe the ?near wall? flame reaction and its contribution to the total heat release rate.
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Chen, Kang, Yu Fan, Xiao Wang, and ZhaoRui Xu. "Study on Optimization Control of Hydrogen Sulfide Concentration in Coal-fired Boilers." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2087, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012045. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2087/1/012045.
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Abstract H2S is an important element to high-temperature corrosion for the water-cooled wall of coal-fired boilers, thus, it is an effective means to prevent high-temperature corrosion through reducing the concentration of H2S near the boiler wall. Since the concentration of H2S in the boiler is closely related to the concentration of O2 and CO, the research on the distribution of H2S atmosphere in the boiler furnace was conducted in this paper. With the air distribution regulation as the means, local O2 concentration is increased, to avoid the accumulation of H2S near the wall and reduce high-temperature corrosion.
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Wang, Zhenhua, Shikui Dong, Zhihong He, Lei Wang, Weihua Yang, and Bengt Ake Sunden. "Numerical analysis of radiative heat transfer in an inhomogeneous and non-isothermal combustion system considering H2O/CO2/CO and soot." International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow 27, no. 9 (September 4, 2017): 1967–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/hff-03-2016-0127.
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Purpose H2O, CO2 and CO are three main species in combustion systems which have high volume fractions. In addition, soot has strong absorption in the infrared band. Thus, H2O, CO2, CO and soot may take important roles in radiative heat transfer. To provide calculations with high accuracy, all of the participating media should be considered non-gray media. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to study the effect of non-gray participating gases and soot on radiative heat transfer in an inhomogeneous and non-isothermal system. Design/methodology/approach To solve the radiative heat transfer, the fluid flow as well as the pressure, temperature and species distributions were first computed by FLUENT. The radiative properties of the participating media are calculated by the Statistical Narrow Band correlated K-distribution (SNBCK), which is based on the database of EM2C. The calculation of soot properties is based on the Mie scattering theory and Rayleigh theory. The radiative heat transfer is calculated by the discrete ordinate method (DOM). Findings Using SNBCK to calculate the radiative properties and DOM to calculate the radiative heat transfer, the influence of H2O, CO2, CO and soot on radiation heat flux to the wall in combustion system was studied. The results show that the global contribution of CO to the radiation heat flux on the wall in the kerosene furnace was about 2 per cent, but that it can reach up to 15 per cent in a solid fuel gasifier. The global contribution of soot to the radiation heat flux on the wall was 32 per cent. However, the scattering of soot has a tiny influence on radiation heat flux to the wall. Originality/value This is the first time H2O, CO2, CO and the scattering of soot were all considered simultaneously to study the radiation heat flux in combustion systems.
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Ding, Ke Wei, Wu Sun, and Dong Chen. "Research of the Thermal Performance of a New Type of Rock Wool Color Steel Sandwich." Applied Mechanics and Materials 482 (December 2013): 81–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.482.81.
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This paper introduces a new type of rock wool color steel sandwich which is produced by Anhui sambo steel co.,Ltd. The thermal performance analysis of this kind of sandwich is conducted through the finite element software ANSYS in this paper, which reveal the widespread existence of cold bridge phenomenon. And this paper also propose several new ideas on how to reduce the cold bridge condensation of interior wall panels of building.
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Sheng, Ranran. "Numerical Study of the Effect of Imaginary Circle Diameter on the Combustion in a Corner-tangentially-fired Boiler." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2610, no. 1 (October 1, 2023): 012021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2610/1/012021.
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Abstract The key factor affecting the combustion and operation of corner tangentially fired boilers (CTFBs) is the diameter of the imaginary circle. In this paper, the temperature and reducing gas distribution in a 350 MW supercritical CTFB were studied numerically, and the influence of imaginary circle diameter on combustion characteristics was analyzed. The results show that: 1) When the diameters of the imaginary circles of the primary and secondary air are decreased, there will be a delay in combustion. This is not profit to the steady-state burning of coal powder. In addition, the temperature near the water wall decreases, and the volume fraction of CO and H2S decreases on the rear side of the main combustion area, but increases significantly on the side of the fire. 2) By reducing only the diameter of the imaginary circle of primary air, the ignition distance of pulverized coal in the lower burner can be advanced, which is profit to improving combustion stability at low loads. Besides, the temperature, CO and H2S volume fraction near the water wall all decrease. 3) When the imaginary circle diameters of primary and secondary air in the upper part of the furnace are reduced, the temperature, volume fraction of CO and H2S in the adjacent layer near the water wall are increased.
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Pu, Qingsong, Yi Luo, Junhong Huang, Yingwei Zhu, Shaohua Hu, Chenhao Pei, Guang Zhang, and Xinping Li. "Simulation Study on the Effect of Forced Ventilation in Tunnel under Single-Head Drilling and Blasting." Shock and Vibration 2020 (November 4, 2020): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8857947.
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Based on the excavation of Yuelongmen tunnel on ChengLan Railway in China, this paper will probe into the forced ventilation effect of harmful gas generated by drilling and blasting construction, simulate the diffusion process of harmful gas generated during blasting operation on the tunnel face by establishing the finite element model of gas turbulent flow and concentration diffusion in the tunnel, and study the spatial-temporal evolution law of CO concentration field under different air pipe layout locations and tunnel excavation methods. The results show that, compared with corner layout, haunch layout, and central layout, the ventilation effect is the best when the air pipes are arranged near the wall at the tunnel vault, and the CO concentration can be reduced to the concentration limit after 588 s of ventilation; compared with the full-face tunneling method and the lower pilot heading method, the benching tunneling method can effectively reduce the retention time of CO near the tunnel face, and the CO concentration on the tunnel face can be reduced to the standard limit after 326 s of ventilation near the wall of tunnel vault.
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Yan, Zhitao, Yongli Zhong, William E. Lin, Eric Savory, and Yi You. "Evaluation of RANS and LES turbulence models for simulating a steady 2-D plane wall jet." Engineering Computations 35, no. 1 (March 5, 2018): 211–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ec-11-2016-0397.
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PurposeThis paper examines various turbulence models for numerical simulation of a steady, two-dimensional (2-D) plane wall jet without co-flow using the commercial CFD software (ANSYS FLUENT 14.5). The purpose of this paper is to decide the most suitable and most economical method for steady, 2-D plane wall jet simulation.Design/methodology/approachSeven Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) turbulence models were evaluated with respect to typical jet scaling parameters such as the jet half-height and the decay of maximum jet velocity, as well as coefficients from the law of the wall and for skin friction. Then, a plane wall jet generating from a rectangular slot of 1:6 aspect ratio located adjacent to the wall was investigated in a three-dimensional (3-D) model using large eddy simulation (LES) and the Stress-omega Reynolds stress model (SWRSM), with the results compared to experimental measurements.FindingsThe comparisons of these simulated flow characteristics indicated that the SWRSM was the best of the seven RANS models for simulating the turbulent wall jet. When scaled with outer variables, LES and SWRSM gave generally indistinguishable mean velocity profiles. However, SWRSM performed better for near-wall mean velocity profiles when scaled with inner variables. In general, the results show that LES performed reasonably well when predicting the Reynolds stresses.Originality/valueThe main contribution of this article is in determining the capabilities of different RANS turbulence closures and LES for the prediction of the 2-D steady wall jet flow to identify the best modelling approach.
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Stergiou, Charalampos. "Microstructure and Electromagnetic Properties of Ni-Zn-Co Ferrite up to 20 GHz." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2016 (2016): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/1934783.
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The present paper examines the relation between different developed microstructures and the microwave electromagnetic properties in Ni-Zn-Co ferrite. To this end, the Ni0.25Zn0.25Co0.5Fe2O4composition has been prepared with the conventional ceramic process with varied prefiringTP(750°C, 1000°C) and sinteringTStop temperatures (1200°C, 1250°C). When lower temperatures are applied in these production stages, incomplete microstructures with low density, higher porosity, or finer grains are achieved. On account of these features, the contributions of domain wall motion and spin rotation to the complex permeabilityμ⁎(f)move to higher frequencies, whereas microwave dielectric permittivityε⁎(f)is decreased. In particular in conjunction with the high Co content, the wall relaxation and spin resonance are interestingly forced to occur at 850 MHz and 8.05 GHz, respectively. Regarding the electromagnetic wave attenuation, the ferrite annealed at lower temperatures exhibits strong return loss peaks at higher frequencies, but without other performance improvement. We should notice that the variations in sintering temperatureTSyield the maximum changes in the recorded parameters, including the coercive field,μ⁎(f),andε⁎(f), indicating the inferior role of prefiringTPin Ni-Zn ferrite.
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Compter, John. "Mutual inductance and forces between two non-coaxial co-planar circular thin-wall air coils." COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering 38, no. 1 (January 7, 2019): 216–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/compel-10-2017-0421.
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Purpose This paper aims to present new analytical expressions for the mutual inductance and forces between non-coaxial co-planar circular thin-wall air coils. Design/methodology/approach The expressions are based on an integration method found in the literature, so far used only to describe mutual inductances. It is new to apply this method as a starting point to get the forces between non-coaxial co-planar rings and coils. The approach is further extended to include non-coaxial co-planar thin-wall cylindrical coils. Findings This new method enables interaction modelling between coils by solving integrals numerically, covering fully, partially and non-overlapping coils in a single form. The expressions are verified by comparing the results with alternatives methods. Research limitations/implications The forces and mutual inductances of non-coaxial co-planar circular coils are obtained with analytical expressions, fitted well for optimization studies. The study is limited to coils in free air. Practical implications A typical application is the interaction between coils in a wireless energy transfer system (as applied for battery loading for mobile phones and automotive). The expressions can be used to also predict the forces between two non-coaxial disk or ring magnets as used in magnetic levitation systems. Originality/value Maxwell described the coupling between two coaxial co-planar rings, and steadily more and more equations describing the interaction between circular coils became available in the past decades. The target of this study is to obtain compact equations for non-coaxial co-planar circular coils. This is realized with the combination of existing literature and mathematical modelling tools.
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Wu, Tao, Xiaotian Liu, Ting Wang, Li Tian, Hao Qiu, Feng Ge, Jing Zhu, et al. "Heme Oxygenase/Carbon Monoxide Participates in the Regulation of Ganoderma lucidum Heat-Stress Response, Ganoderic Acid Biosynthesis, and Cell-Wall Integrity." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 21 (October 29, 2022): 13147. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms232113147.
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Carbon monoxide (CO), a product of organic oxidation processes, arises in vivo principally from the enzymatic reaction of heme oxygenase (HO, transcription gene named HMX1). HO/CO has been found to exert many salutary effects in multiple biological processes, including the stress response. However, whether HO/CO is involved in the regulation of the heat-stress (HS) response of Ganoderma lucidum (G. lucidum) is still poorly understood. In this paper, we reported that under heat stress, the HMX1 transcription level, HO enzyme activity, and CO content increased by 5.2-fold, 6.5-fold and 2-fold, respectively. HMX1 silenced strains showed a 12% increase in ganoderic acid (GA) content under HS as analyzed by HPLC. Furthermore, according to Western blot analysis of the protein phosphorylation levels, HMX1 attenuated the increase in phosphorylation levels of slt2, but the phosphorylation levels were prolonged over a 3 h HS time period. The chitin and glucan content in HMX1 silenced strains increased by 108% and 75%, respectively. In summary, these findings showed that the HO/CO system responds to heat stress and then regulates the HS-induced GA biosynthesis and the cell-wall integrity mediated by the Slt-MAPK phosphorylation level in G. lucidum.
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Krajnović, Siniša. "Large eddy simulation of flows around ground vehicles and other bluff bodies." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 367, no. 1899 (July 28, 2009): 2917–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2009.0021.
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A brief review of large eddy simulation (LES) applications for different bluff-body flows performed by the author and his co-workers is presented. Examples of flows range from simple cube flows characterized by sharp edge separation over a three-dimensional hill where LES relies on good near-wall resolution, to complex flows of a tall, finite cylinder that contains several flow regimes that cause different challenges to LES. The second part of the paper is devoted to flows around ground vehicles at moderate Reynolds numbers. Although the present review proves the applicability of LES for various bluff-body flows, an increase of the Reynolds number towards the operational speeds of ground vehicles requires accurate near-wall modelling for a successful LES.
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Kumar, Pradeep, Yuvraj Singh Negi, and Surendra Pal Singh. "Filler loading in the lumen or/and cell wall of fibers – A literature review." BioResources 6, no. 3 (June 2, 2011): 3526–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.6.3.3526-3546.
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A review of the literature reveals potential advantages that papermakers can achieve by placing minerals in the lumens or cell walls of fibers before the pulp is formed into paper. Loading of filler into the fiber lumen by mechanical deposition or within the cell wall by in-situ precipitation has been reported to generally result in a moderate reduction in light scattering coefficient and increased strength properties of laboratory handsheets, as well as in paper manufactured with pilot plant equipment, when compared to conventional addition of filler. However, there are some exceptions to this general observation, where the fiber loading is reported to decrease the tensile strength of paper. Some related effects can be achieved by either precipitating mineral onto fiber surfaces or co-flocculating mineral particles with cellulosic fines. Challenges remain with respect to the implementation of fiber-loading concepts at a commercial scale. Also, there is a need for further research aimed at establishing high-end applications in which it may be an advantage to load cellulosic fiber cell walls or lumens with minerals or other substances.
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Scott, Howard Eric. "Through the wall of literacy." Education + Training 60, no. 6 (July 9, 2018): 569–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/et-03-2018-0054.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explain how peripheral participants contributed to and became more central members of a community of practice based in a social network that was used to support mobile learning approaches among post-compulsory education students. The notion was that in inducing participation through pedagogical strategies, individualised online presence could be increased that would support studentship, confidence and literacy improvements in participants who are normally apprehensive about online and formal learning contexts. Design/methodology/approach The network was used by four separate groups of 16-19 aged students and 19+ aged adults, with a constant comparison made of their activity and communication. A content analysis was made of students’ posts to the network, with the codes sorted thematically to examine how students used the network to support themselves and each other. Interviews were held with students across the two years to explore perceptions of the network and the community. Findings Peripheral participants navigate through ontological thresholds online to develop individual identity presence online. Increased communicated actions (“posts”) improves participation overall and the interaction of members in terms of developing a community of practice online. The results of communicated actions posted in visible online spaces improved the literacy control and willingness to publish content created by those peripheral participants. Research limitations/implications The study is taken from a small sample (approx. 100 students) in a case study comparing results across four different groups in an English Further Education college. Most of the positive results in terms of an impact being made on their literacy capability was found among adult students, as opposed to students in two 16-19 aged groups. Research implications identify hypothetical stages of identity presence online for reluctant and peripheral participants. This shows the potential of students to be induced to openly participate in visible contexts that can support further identity development. Practical implications The implications show that blended learning is necessary to improve the opportunity for mobile learning to happen. Blended learning in itself is dependent on and simultaneously improves group cohesion of learners in online communities. When students develop a momentum of engagement (and residence within) networks they exploit further technological features and functions and become more co-operative as a group, potentially reducing teacher presence. Learning activities need to support the peripheral participants in discrete and purposeful ways, usually achieved through personalised supported learning tasks. The notion and attention paid to the difficulties in bringing peripheral participants online has implications for the prescription of online learning as a form of delivery, especially among FE students. Social implications This paper problematizes the notion of peripheral participants and suggests they are overlooked in consideration of learning delivery, design and environments. Peripheral participants may be considered to be students who are at risk of not being involved in social organisations, such as communities, and vulnerable to diminished support, for instance through the withdrawal of face-to-face learning opportunities at the expense of online learning. Originality/value This paper makes a small contribution to theories surrounding communities of practice and online learning. By deliberately focusing on a population marginalised in current educational debate, it problematizes the growing prescription of online learning as a mode of delivery by taking the perspectives and experiences of peripheral participants on board.
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Wieczorek, Piotr, Dariusz Sykutera, and Piotr Czyżewski. "Circular economy of barrier packaging produced in co-injection molding technology." MATEC Web of Conferences 391 (2024): 01001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202439101001.
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The paper presents the study of mechanical recycling of three-layer PP/EVOH/PP packaging containers made by the co-injection molding process. It is in alignment with European Circular Economy guidelines. The main objective was to evaluate the recyclability of these packages and their reuse as a secondary material. Thin wall packaging by special cutting and grinding methods were disintegrated, and recorded cutting force allowed the determination of energy per single cut. During these processes, delamination between PP and EVOH layers was observed. The recyclate r(PP/EVOH) was used to produce samples in the standard injection molding process. The similar samples were prepared from recycled virgin PP using the same technology. The paper presents the results of the mechanical properties of samples manufactured from recyclate r(PP/EVOH) and compares them with the properties of samples obtained from recycled polypropylene (rPP). It was observed, that the content EVOH in the PP matrix does not significantly affect the mechanical properties of r(PP/EVOH) samples. It was also found that r(PP/EVOH) blends are characterized by favorable apparent viscosity and MFI and can be a valuable raw material for reuse.
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Vukobratović, Vladimir, and Sergio Ruggieri. "Floor Acceleration Demands in a Twelve-Storey RC Shear Wall Building." Buildings 11, no. 2 (January 25, 2021): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings11020038.
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The seismic response of acceleration-sensitive non-structural components in buildings has attracted the attention of a significant number of researchers over the past decade. This paper provides the results which improve the state-of-knowledge of the influences that higher vibration modes of structures and nonlinearity of non-structural components have on floor acceleration demands. In order to study these influences, a response-history analysis of a code-designed twelve-storey reinforced concrete building consisting of uncoupled ductile cantilever shear walls was conducted. The obtained absolute floor accelerations were used as a seismic input for linear elastic and nonlinear non-structural components represented by simple single-degree-of-freedom systems, and the main observations and findings related to the studied influences along the building height are presented and discussed. Additionally, the accuracy of the method for the direct determination of peak floor accelerations and floor response (acceleration) spectra recently co-developed by the first author was once again investigated and validated. A brief summary of the method is provided in the paper, along with the main steps in its application. Being relatively simple and sufficiently accurate, the method (in its simplified form) has been recently incorporated into the draft of the new generation of Eurocode 8.
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Wang, Yu, Wen Chao Ma, and Guan Yi Chen. "Study of Thermal Decomposition and Kinetics of Biomass/Swill-Cooked Dirty Oil Blends during Co-Pyrolysis." Advanced Materials Research 347-353 (October 2011): 2684–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.347-353.2684.
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This paper studied the co-pyrolysis behavior of crop straw and swill-cooked dirty oil (≈ 2:1 ratio by weight) at 10, 30, 50K/min, in dynamic thermal gravimetric analyzer (TGA) under inert atmosphere, from 303K to 973K. The kinetic parameters were calculated using the method of Ozawa-Flynn-Wall, and mechanism was hypothesized as first-order model. The results showed that the dirty oil led degradation temperatures to slide towards higher slightly, meanwhile broadened the temperature interval of decomposition. However, the presence of dirty oil had little impact on activation energy. These findings indicated a significant synergistic relationship between straw and dirty oil, and it was practicable for co-pyrolysis from the viewpoint of thermal and kinetics analysis.
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Hewlin, Rodward L., Maegan Edwards, and John P. Kizito. "A Two-Species Finite Volume Scalar Model for Modeling the Diffusion of Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) into a Coronary Arterial Wall from a Single Half-Embedded Drug Eluting Stent Strut." Biophysica 3, no. 2 (June 15, 2023): 385–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biophysica3020026.
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This paper outlines the methodology and results for a two-species finite volume scalar computational drug transport model developed for simulating the mass transport of Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA)) from a half-embedded single strut implanted in a coronary arterial vessel wall. The mathematical drug transport model incorporates the convection-diffusion equation in scalar form (dimensionless) with a two-species (free-drug and bound-drug) mass transport setup, including reversible equilibrium reaction source terms for the free and bound-drug states to account for the pharmaco-kinetic reactions in the arterial wall. The relative reaction rates of the added source terms control the interconversion of the drug between the free and bound-drug states. The model is solved by a 2D finite-volume method for discretizing and solving the free and bound drug transport equations with anisotropic vascular drug diffusivities. This model is an improvement over previously developed models using the finite-difference and finite element method. A dimensionless characteristic scaling pre-analysis was conducted a priori to evaluate the significance of implementing the reaction source terms in the transport equations. This paper reports the findings of an investigation of the interstitial flow profile into the arterial wall and the free and bound drug diffusion profiles with a parametric study of varying the polymer drug concentration (low and high), tortuosity, porosity, and Peclet and DamKöhler numbers over the course of 400 h (16.67 days). The results also reveal how a single species drug delivery model that neglects both a reversible binding reaction source term and the porosity and tortuosity of the arterial wall cannot accurately predict the distribution of both the free and bound drug.
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Danis, A. M., D. L. Burrus, and H. C. Mongia. "Anchored CCD for Gas Turbine Combustor Design and Data Correlation." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 119, no. 3 (July 1, 1997): 535–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2817018.
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Correlations based on design database, combined with multidimensional computational combustion dynamics (CCD) models are used in the combustion design process. However, because of limitations in the current turbulent combustion models, numerics, and boundary conditions, CCD has provided mainly qualitative trends for aerothermal performance, emissions, and liner wall temperature levels and gradients. To overcome these deficiencies, hybrid modeling approaches have been proposed to analyze existing combustors. A typical hybrid modeling approach combines empirical and semianalytical correlations with CCD to give quantitatively accurate predictions of NOx, CO, HC, smoke, lean blowout, ignition, pattern factor, and liner wall temperatures. An alternate approach, anchored CCD, is described in this paper. First, the models were anchored with one of the five modern turbopropulsion engine combustors. The anchored models were then run for the other four combustors. The predicted results correlated well with measured NOx, CO, HC, LEO, and exit temperature quality data, demonstrating a broader applicability of the anchored method. The models were also used for designing a new combustion concept. The pretest prediction agreed well with sector rig data from development hardware, showing the feasibility of using the anchored methodology as a design tool.
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Li, Zhi Gang, Jin Li Chen, and Jing Ji Li. "Optimal Operation on the Desulfurization System in the 480t/h CFB Boiler." Advanced Materials Research 518-523 (May 2012): 2161–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.518-523.2161.
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This paper introduced the principle of inner-furnace desulfurization system of CFB boilers by injecting limestone, and investigated the factors of the desulfurization efficiency. The desulfurization efficiency and stability of 480t/h CFB boilers manufactured by DongFang Boiler (Group) Co., Ltd were greatly increased by retrofitting the limestone injection position from dense region to the down secondary-air inlet of the back-wall. The improvement was achieved by increasing the oxygen concentration as well as optimizing the temperature of the reaction zone.
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Hütter, Larissa, Patrick H. Geoghegan, Paul D. Docherty, Milad S. Lazarjan, Donald Clucas, and Mark Jermy. "Fabrication of a compliant phantom of the human aortic arch for use in Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) experimentation." Current Directions in Biomedical Engineering 2, no. 1 (September 1, 2016): 493–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cdbme-2016-0109.
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AbstractCompliant phantoms of the human aortic arch can mimic patient specific cardiovascular dysfunctions in vitro. Hence, phantoms may enable elucidation of haemodynamic disturbances caused by aortic dysfunction. This paper describes the fabrication of a thin-walled silicone phantom of the human ascending aorta and brachiocephalic artery. The model geometry was determined via a meta-analysis and modelled in SolidWorks before 3D printing. The solid model surface was smoothed and scanned with a 3D scanner. An offset outer mould was milled from Ebalta S-Model board. The final phantom indicated that ABS was a suitable material for the internal model, the Ebalta S-Model board yielded a rough external surface. Co-location of the moulds during silicone pour was insufficient to enable consistent wall thickness. The resulting phantom was free of air bubbles but did not have the desired wall thickness consistency.
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Mital, Rajeev Kumar, and Umesh Kumar. "A Cumulative Study of Performance Degrading Factors in a High Capacity Cellular Zone System." Active and Passive Electronic Components 18, no. 2 (1995): 119–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/1995/81872.
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In high capacity cellular zone systems, cell size is reduced considerably: hence cells may be re-defined as microcells. The key point in microcell interference modeling is that the desired signal, as wall as co-channel interferers' signals should have different statistics. A microcell interference model that which provides different fading parameters to the concerned signals is used in this paper to evaluate various performance degrading factors. Outage probability and spectrum efficiency have been calculated. Various techniques to counteract the above mentioned interferences have been suggested.
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Talantsev, Artem D., Ekaterina I. Kunitsyna, and Roman B. Morgunov. "The effect of Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction on direct and backward transition between magnetic states of Pt/Co/Ir/Co/Pr synthetic ferrimagnet." Image Journal of Advanced Materials and Technologies 6, no. 3 (2021): 167–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.17277/jamt.2021.03.pp.167-178.
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In this paper, we present the study of domain structure accompanying interstate transitions in Pt/Co/Ir/Co/Pr synthetic ferrimagnet (SF) of 1.1 nm thick and 0.6 – 1.0 nm thin ferromagnetic Co layers. Variation in the thickness of the thin layer causes noticeable changes in the domain structure and mechanism of magnetization reversal revealed by MOKE (Magneto-Optical Kerr Effect) technique. Magnetization reversal includes coherent rotation of magnetization of the ferromagnetic layers, generation of magnetic nuclei, spreading of domain walls (DW), and development of areas similar with strip domains, dependently on thickness of the thin layer. Inequivalence of the direct and backward transitions between magnetic states of SF with parallel and antiparallel magnetizations was observed in sample with thin layer thicknesses 0.8 nm and 1.0 nm. Asymmetry of the transition between these states is expressed in difference fluctuation fields and shapes of reversal magnetization nucleus contributing to the correspondent forward and backward transitions. We proposed simple model based on asymmetry of Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction. This model explains competition between nucleation and domain wall propagation due to increase/decrease of the DW energy dependently on direction of the spin rotation into the DW in respect to external field.
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Wang, Chang’an, Qinqin Feng, Qiang Lv, Lin Zhao, Yongbo Du, Pengqian Wang, Jingwen Zhang, and Defu Che. "Numerical Investigation on Co-firing Characteristics of Semi-Coke and Lean Coal in a 600 MW Supercritical Wall-Fired Boiler." Applied Sciences 9, no. 5 (March 1, 2019): 889. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9050889.
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Semi-coke is one of the principal by-products of coal pyrolysis and gasification, which features the disadvantages of ignition difficulty, low burnout rate, and high nitrogen oxides (NOx) emission during combustion process. Co-firing semi-coke with coal is a potential approach to achieve clean and efficient utilization of such low-volatile fuel. In this paper, the co-firing performance of semi-coke and lean coal in a 600 MW supercritical wall-fired boiler was numerically investigated which has been seldom done previously. The influences of semi-coke blending ratio, injection position of semi-coke, excess air ratio in the main combustion zone, the co-firing method, and over fire air (OFA) arrangement on the combustion efficiency and NOx generation characteristics of the utility boiler were extensively analyzed. The simulation results indicated that as the blending ratio of semi-coke increased, the NOx emission at furnace outlet decreased. The blending methods (in-furnace versus out-furnace) had certain impacts on the NOx emission and carbon content in fly ash, while the in-furnace blending method showed more flexibility in co-firing adjustment. The injection of semi-coke from the upper burners could significantly abate NOx emission at the furnace outlet, but also brought about the rise of carbon content in fly ash and the increase of outlet temperature. Compared with the condition that semi-coke and lean coal were injected from different burners, the burnout ratio of the blend premixed outside the furnace was higher at the same blending ratio of semi-coke. With the excess air ratio in the main combustion zone increased, NOx concentration at the furnace outlet was increased. The excess air ratio of 0.75 in the main combustion zone was recommended for co-firing 45% semi-coke with lean coal. The operational performance of the boiler co-firing semi-coke was greatly affected by the arrangement of OFA as well. The amount of NOx generated from the supercritical wall-fired boiler could be reduced with an increase of the OFA height.
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Liao, Mingjian, Zhu He, Xiong Liang, Tat Leung Chan, Yawei Li, and Xuecheng Xu. "Study on Oxy-Methane Flame Stability in a Cylindrical Porous Medium Burner." Processes 11, no. 7 (July 21, 2023): 2182. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr11072182.
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Combustion in a porous medium can be beneficial for enhancing reaction rate and temperature uniformity. Therefore, considering the combination with oxy-fuel combustion can address some shortcomings in oxy-fuel burners, a cylindrical two-layer porous burner model is established based on OpenFOAM in this paper. A two-temperature equation model is adopted for the simulation of the heat transfer process. The CH4 skeletal kinetic mechanism is adopted for complex chemistry integration based on OpenSMOKE++. Corresponding experimental methods were used for complementary studies. The walls of the burner are wrapped with three types of thermal insulation materials to present different levels of heat loss. The results show that considering the convection and radiative heat loss of the burner wall, the temperature near the wall is reduced by more than 300 K compared to the adiabatic condition. As a result, the flame propagation speed and CO oxidation rate slowed down. The stable range will be destructively narrowed by more than 50%, and CO emissions will increase by more than 10 times. These defects will be aggravated by increasing the diameter of the burner. It is observed that when the diameter of the burner increases from the initial 5 cm to 10 cm, the effect of heat loss on the stable range is insignificant.
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Wu, Zhi Qiang, Shu Zhong Wang, Qi Xing Guo, Jun Zhao, Lin Chen, and Hai Yu Meng. "A Kinetic Study of Co-Pyrolysis of Coal and Spent Mushroom Compost (SMC)." Advanced Materials Research 781-784 (September 2013): 2406–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.781-784.2406.
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Co-utilization of coal and biomass has been shown as an effective way to reduce the carbon footprint. Pyrolysis technology not only transform carbonaceous materials such as coal and biomass into various chemical compounds and fuels, but also as the initial step of the thermochemical conversation. For the sake of a better understanding of the co-thermal conversation, it is very necessary to get a intensive study on the co-pyrolysis of coal and biomass. In this paper the co-pyrolysis characteristics of coal and spent mushroom compost (SMC) were investigated through an thermogravimetry analyzer from ambient temperature to 950 °C at different heating rates (10, 20 and 40 °C/min) under nitrogen condition. Kinetic parameters were determined by the by the Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO) method. It was found that the activation energy decreased with the increasing of the biomass mass ratio, but with the biomass ratio reached 0.75 the activation energy increased again. This may be involved with the negative synergies between the biomass and coal. The results could provide useful information for the further study on the co-pyrolysis of coal and MSC.
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Mahyar, Narges, Ali Sarvghad, and Melanie Tory. "Note-taking in co-located collaborative visual analytics: Analysis of an observational study." Information Visualization 11, no. 3 (January 18, 2012): 190–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1473871611433713.
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In an observational study, we noticed that record-keeping plays a critical role in the overall process of collaborative visual data analysis. Record-keeping involves recording material for later use, ranging from data about the visual analysis processes and visualization states to notes and annotations that externalize user insights, findings, and hypotheses. In our study, co-located teams worked on collaborative visual analytics tasks using large interactive wall and tabletop displays. Part of our findings is a collaborative data analysis framework that encompasses record-keeping as one of the main activities. In this paper, our primary focus is on note-taking activity. Based on our observations, we characterize notes according to their content, scope, and usage, and describe how they fit into a process of collaborative data analysis. We then discuss suggestions to improve the design of note-taking functionality for co-located collaborative visual analytics tools.
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Istadi, Istadi, and Amin N.A.S. Amin. "APLICATION OF CATALYTIC DIELECTRIC BARRIER DISCHARGE PLASMA REACTOR FOR CO-GENERATION OF SYNTHESIS GAS AND HIGHER HYDROCARBONS." Reaktor 10, no. 1 (June 1, 2006): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/reaktor.10.1.17-23.
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This paper deals with potential application of hybrid catalytic DBD plasma reaktor for the co-generation of C2 hydrocarbons and synthesis gases from methane and carbon dioxide. The synergism of the catalyst, feed ratio and the plasma discharge affect the products, distribution, particularly C2 hydrocarbons selectivity . The CH,CO2 feed ratio total feed flow rate, and the discharge voltage incatalytic BDB plasma reactor systems shoe significant effects on the reactor performances. However increasing the reactor wall temperature has no apparent influence on the selectivity to C2 hydrocarbons and hydrogen within the investigated range. The hybrid catalytic DBD plasma rectorwas more suitable for CO2OCM process than the conventional catalytic reactor over CaO-MnO/CeO2catalyst
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Grint, Naomi, Valentina Marincioni, and Clifford A. Elwell. "Sensitivity and Uncertainty analyses on a DELPHIN model: the impact of material properties on moisture in a solid brick wall." E3S Web of Conferences 172 (2020): 04006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202017204006.
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This paper presents sensitivity and uncertainty analyses on a DELPHIN model, which is representative of a case study wall in real climatic conditions. Results of the Differential Sensitivity Analysis (DSA) show properties governing liquid water transported into, through and stored in the wall impact most on moisture accumulation, affecting relative humidity (RH) outputs by 10 – 35% at three different locations in the wall. Parameters affecting vapour transport into the room also influence RH outputs at the inner location, but less than rain amount and rain exchange coefficient. A probabilistic uncertainty study is then used to explore key material functions, parameterised as four sets of co-ordinates and varied randomly. The correlation between the parameter inputs and the resulting change in RH is assessed. There are some surprising divergences from the DSA, including the significance of moisture storage in the plaster layer in the presence of liquid. Low correlation coefficients suggest numbers of variables could be reduced to further clarify the effects of these parameters, and interesting questions are raised on the parameterisation of material functions to represent the uncertainty in the characterisation of real walls.
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Kim, Hyeonmin, Jung-Taek Kim, Jaehyuk Eoh, and Dong-Won Lim. "Development of a Physics-Based Monitoring Algorithm Detecting CO2 Ingress Accidents in a Sodium-Cooled Fast Reactor." Energies 12, no. 1 (December 20, 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12010001.
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One of the benefits of the supercritical CO 2 Brayton cycle in Sodium-cooled Fast Reactors is an enhanced plant safety, since potential reactions of CO 2 with liquid sodium have been reported to be less stringent than a sodium-water reaction found in the Rankine cycle. However, moderate chemical interactions between CO 2 and liquid sodium make detecting CO 2 ingress accidents harder. Thus, this paper proposes a new physics-based detection algorithm by comparing the real-time pressure measurements of two identical heat exchangers for the early detection. The CO 2 ingress occurs owing to a crack at the pressure boundary wall, a certain self-recovery of structural damage does not happen over time, and an accident probabilistically starts at only one component of two. The proposed physics-based method with the probabilistic analysis was compared to the pure data-based method. Finally, the damage degradation was developed with a simplified mass and energy transfer model, and the proposed algorithm was verified with experimental data. The results show that a 99.99% detection probability can be achieved for the air ingress of 30 cc/s, which is equivalent to the 0.12 g/s CO 2 ingress, in a 70 s detection time, limiting down to 0.1% false alarms due to sensor noise.
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Khalal, Larbi, M’barek Feddaoui, and Touria Mediouni. "Numerical study of heat and mass transfer during evaporation of a turbulent binary liquid film." Thermal Science 19, no. 5 (2015): 1529–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci120927025k.
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This paper deals with a computational study for analysing heat and mass exchanges in the evaporation of a turbulent binary liquid film (water-ethanol and water-methanol) along a vertical tube. The film is in co-current with the dry air and the tube wall is subjected to a uniform heat flux. The effect of gas-liquid phase coupling, variable thermophysical properties and film vaporization are considered in the analysis. The numerical method applied solves the coupled governing equations together with the boundary and interfacial conditions. The algebraic systems of equations obtained are solved using the Thomas algorithm. The results concern the effects of the inlet liquid Reynolds number and inlet film composition on the intensity of heat and mass transfer. In this study, results obtained show that heat transferred through the latent mode is more pronounced when the concentration of volatile components is higher in the liquid mixture .The comparisons of wall temperature and accumulated mass evaporation rate with the literature results are in good agreement.
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Feng, Zhu, Shaotao Zhi, Lei Guo, Chong Lei, and Yong Zhou. "Investigation of magnetic field anneal in micro-patterned amorphous ribbon on giant magneto-impedance effect enhancement." Sensor Review 39, no. 3 (May 20, 2019): 309–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sr-04-2018-0079.
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Purpose This paper aims to investigate magnetic field anneal in micro-patterned Co-based amorphous ribbon on giant magneto-impedance (GMI) effect enhancement. Design/methodology/approach The amorphous ribbons were annealed in transverse and longitudinal magnetic field. The influence of different field annealing directions on GMI effect and impedance Z, resistance R and reactance X with a series of line width have been deeply analyzed. Findings In comparison with GMI sensors microfabricated by unannealed and transversal field annealed ribbons, GMI sensor which was designed and microfabricated by longitudinal field anneal ribbon performs better. The results can be explained by the domain wall motion and domain rotation during annealing process and the geometric structure of Co-based GMI sensor. In addition, shrinking the line width of GMI sensor can promote GMI effect significantly because of the effect of demagnetizing field, and the optimum GMI ratio is 209.7 per cent in longitudinal field annealed GMI sensor with 200 μm line width. Originality/value In conclusion, annealing in longitudinal magnetic field and decreasing line width can enhance GMI effect in micro-patterned Co-based amorphous ribbon.
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Wang, Mudan, Cynthia Changxin Wang, Sisi Zlatanova, Samad Sepasgozar, and Mitko Aleksandrov. "Onsite Quality Check for Installation of Prefabricated Wall Panels Using Laser Scanning." Buildings 11, no. 9 (September 16, 2021): 412. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings11090412.
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Prefabricated construction has gained increasing popularity to meet the needs of rapid city development in recent years. Installation quality check is a critical task in prefabricated construction, and currently mostly still carried out manually, which is slow and ineffective. To provide an efficient and practical quality check method to replace the current manual method, this paper elaborates on an approach for checking prefabricated wall panels using laser scanning. The approach is validated in an actual case study. A common laser scanner BLK 360 is adopted to collect onsite 3D scenes after panel installation. The point clouds collected are co-roistered, classified, and segmented. Geometric parameters such as angles and distances allow for determining whether the installation meets the quality requirement. The outcome is compared with the quality check results using the conventional manual method. The results show that the panels, which need rectification, are correctly identified by the proposed approach. The major contribution of this study is determining the set of segmentation parameters to be adopted in similar quality check-up procedures. A practical and efficient quality check process is also proposed and can be readily implemented for certain prefabricated elements in many construction cases.
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Ruivo, C. R., J. J. Costa, and A. R. Figueiredo. "Numerical Modelling of the Heat and Mass Transfer in a Channel with Hygroscopic Walls." Defect and Diffusion Forum 273-276 (February 2008): 782–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.273-276.782.
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In this paper the numerical modelling of the behaviour of a channel of a hygroscopic compact matrix is presented. The heat and mass transfer phenomena occurring in the porous medium and within the airflow are strongly coupled, and some properties of the airflow and of the desiccant medium exhibit important changes during the sorption/desorption processes. The adopted physical modelling takes into account the gas side and solid side resistances to heat and mass transfer, as well as the simultaneous heat and mass transfer together with the water adsorption/desorption process in the wall domain. Two phases co-exist in equilibrium inside the desiccant porous medium, the equilibrium being characterized by sorption isotherms. The airflow is treated as a bulk flow, the interaction with the wall being evaluated by using appropriated convective coefficients. The model is used to perform simulations considering two distinct values of the channel wall thickness and different lengths of the channel. The results of the modelling lead to a good understanding of the relationship between the characteristics of the sorption processes and the behaviour of hygroscopic matrices, and provide guidelines for the wheel optimization, namely of the duration of the adsorption and desorption periods occurring in each hygroscopic channel.
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Bhat, M. K. "Potential application of cellulase and hemicellulase assay techniques for assessing the forage quality and performance of rumen micro-organisms." BSAP Occasional Publication 22 (1998): 290–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263967x00032900.
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Cellulose and hemicellulose are the major structural polysaccharides of plant cell wall. The efficient utilization of these polysaccharides by ruminants is often restricted by the presence of lignin. Cellulose and hemicellulose are hydrolysed by a group of enzymes called cellulases and hemicellulases. The present paper describes the cellulase and hemicellulase assay methods and their potential applications.Carboxymethyl (CM)-cellulose, Avicel, cellobiose, xylobiose, p-nitrophenyl-p β-D-glucoside (pNPG), p-nitrophenyl-β-D-cellobioside (pNPC), p-nitrophenyl-β-D-xyloside (pNPX) and p-nitrophenyl- α-L-arabinofuranoside (pNPAf) were from Sigma. Birchwood xylan and filter paper are from Carl Roth GmbH and Co., Germany and Whatman International Ltd, UK, respectively. H3P04-Swollen cellulose and 4-O-methyl-α-D-glucuronyl-xylotriose (mGpA-Xyl3) were prepared as described (Wood, 1988; Khandkeet al., 1989a).
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Bartashevich, Maria V. "Numerical simulation of non-isothermal absorption in a liquid film moving over a cooled horizontal surface under the action of a gas flow." MATEC Web of Conferences 194 (2018): 01008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201819401008.
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Mathematical model of absorption on a horizontal film of lithium bromide water solution flowing on a cooled wall under the action of shear stress is numerically investigated in this paper. The shear stress on the film surface is set by the motion of co-current or counter-current surrounding saturated water vapor flow. It is known that the external shear stress is caused by the motion of surrounding saturated water vapor intensificate the process of non-isothermal absorption in comparison with the fixed-vapor regime. Our calculations have shown that at low values of heat flux the film temperature and vapor concentration in the solution downstream increases due to absorption.
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Li, Jia Shen, and Arthur F. T. Mak. "Hydroxyapatite Nano-Particles Coating on the Pore Surface Within Poly(DL-lactic-co-glycolic acid) Scaffold." Key Engineering Materials 334-335 (March 2007): 1237–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.334-335.1237.
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This paper describes a novel method for coating hydroxyapatite (HA, Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2) nano-particles onto poly(DL-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) scaffold. Paraffin micro-spheres were used as porogens to create porous scaffolds and as vehicles to transfer HA into PLGA scaffold. HA nano-particles / 50% ethanol suspension was mixed with paraffin micro-spheres. The paraffin micro-spheres / HA suspension were pressed together to form a paraffin scaffold. After it was dried, the HA was coated on the surface of the paraffin spheres. Then, PLGA solution was cast into the inter space among the paraffin micro-spheres and then the solvent was evaporated. Afterwards, the paraffin micro-spheres were dissolved and removed. PLGA scaffolds with controlled pore size, good interconnectivity and high porosity were obtained. The HA nano-particles were transferred from the paraffin surface to the surface of the pore wall throughout the PLGA scaffold.
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Staniškytė, Jurgita. "Reinstalling the Fourth Wall: Digital Performance and Spectatorship in (Post-)Pandemic Era." Art History & Criticism 19, no. 1 (November 30, 2023): 31–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/mik-2023-0003.
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Summary Theatre can be interpreted as a place where various modes of participation in the community or patterns of citizen behaviour can be rehearsed. In pre-pandemic Lithuanian theatre (as well as theatres of other Baltic countries) various forms of audience engagement were conspicuously emerging, ranging from physical co-creation practices to interactive forms of entertainment. After the global lockdown of theatre institutions the emerging forms of “virtual theatre”, ranging from performance recordings to zoom theatre, redefined the role of theatre spectatorship, in particular the notions of “active”, “passive”, “collective”, “individual”, fundamental for the understanding of the role of publics. Analysing the abundant examples of “pandemic theatre” one starts to think about the return of the digital “fourth wall”, where audiences are becoming distant spectators. This poses important questions to theatre research: whether these forms of theatre are strengthening the feeling of passivity and isolation, serve as platforms for much-needed psychological escapism or offer a critical revaluation of the essential principles of theatre art. With the help of two case studies, this paper will define and analyse the prevailing practices of pandemic Lithuanian theatre and will outline whether and how the fundamental categories associated with the spectator’s experience of theatre have changed in the post-pandemic era.
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SHEN, YI-JUN, and MUH-RONG WANG. "MECHANISM AND PERFORMANCE OF CO2 SNOW JET IN CO-AXIAL TYPE INJECTION SYSTEMS." International Journal of Modern Physics: Conference Series 19 (January 2012): 250–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010194512008823.
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This paper describes the characteristics of CO 2 snow formation with co-axial type injection systems. The injection of CO 2 snow flow is controlled by a co-axial type nitrogen auxiliary nozzle. Five cases of co-axial nitrogen nozzle with different diameters and injection types of auxiliary nitrogen are presented. Flow field visualization and spray characteristics are performed by the particle image velocimetry (PIV). Result shows that the CO 2 snow particles would collide with each other and generate lager particles in the recirculation zone of the formation chamber. Results also show that the particle size distribution is influenced by the geometry of the injection device. The length of the formation chamber influence the region and strength of recirculation flow. In the region after reattach zone of recirculation flow, the fine particles deposit on the chamber wall and form a deposition layer. The particles in the main stream further impinge onto the deposition layer and result in the snowballs. It turns out that the mean particle size becomes larger as the length of chamber is increased. Results also show that CO 2 snow jet has higher velocity and the flow-focusing takes place with nitrogen auxiliary gas. Furthermore, the mist layer of the jet flow caused by lower temperature of CO 2 snow is eliminated when co-axial nitrogen flow is injected. The velocity of CO 2 snow jet is increased under higher injection pressure of co-axial nitrogen flow. Furthermore, smaller diameter of nitrogen auxiliary nozzle results in higher injection velocity of CO 2 snow jet. Hence the injection power of the CO 2 snow jet can be controlled by the design of the nitrogen auxiliary nozzle. It will be useful in the medical applications of cryotherapy treatment and the dry cleaning of the semiconductor and solar cell manufacturing processes.
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Gong, Jiangtao, Jingjing Sun, Mengdi Chu, Xiaoye Wang, Minghao Luo, Yi Lu, Liuxin Zhang, Yaqiang Wu, Qianying Wang, and Can Liu. "Side-by-Side vs Face-to-Face: Evaluating Colocated Collaboration via a Transparent Wall-sized Display." Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction 7, CSCW1 (April 14, 2023): 1–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3579623.
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Traditional wall-sized displays mostly only support side-by-side co-located collaboration, while transparent displays naturally support face-to-face interaction. Many previous works assume transparent displays support collaboration. Yet it is unknown how exactly its afforded face-to-face interaction can support loose or close collaboration, especially compared to the side-by-side configuration offered by traditional large displays. In this paper, we used an established experimental task that operationalizes different collaboration coupling and layout locality, to compare pairs of participants collaborating side-by-side versus face-to-face in each collaborative situation. We compared quantitative measures and collected interview and observation data to further illustrate and explain our observed user behavior patterns. The results showed that the unique face-to-face collaboration brought by transparent display can result in more efficient task performance, different territorial behavior, and both positive and negative collaborative factors. Our findings provided empirical understanding about the collaborative experience supported by wall-sized transparent displays and shed light on its future design.
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Vanskevičė, Ieva, Mariya A. Kazakova, Jan Macutkevic, Nina V. Semikolenova, and Juras Banys. "Dielectric Properties of Hybrid Polyethylene Composites Containing Cobalt Nanoparticles and Carbon Nanotubes." Materials 15, no. 5 (March 2, 2022): 1876. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15051876.
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Polymer composites with electrically conductive inclusions are intensively developed for microwave shielding applications, where lightweight and elastic coatings are necessary. In this paper, dielectric properties of hybrid polyethylene composites containing cobalt nanoparticles and multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) were investigated in the wide frequency range of 20–40 GHz for electromagnetic shielding applications. The percolation threshold in the hybrid system is close to 6.95 wt% MWCNT and 0.56 Co wt%. Cobalt nanoparticles (up to highest investigated concentration 4.8 wt%) had no impact on the percolation threshold, and for the fixed total concentration of fillers, the complex dielectric permittivity is higher for composites with bigger MWCNT concentrations. Moreover, the microwave complex dielectric permittivity of composites with high concentration of fillers is quite high (for composites with 13.4 wt% MWCNT and 1.1 wt% Co ε′ ≈ ε″ ≈ 20 at 30 GHz, it corresponds to microwave absorption 50% of 1 mm thickness plate); therefore, these composites are suitable for electromagnetic shielding applications.
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Kar, Bibhu, and Ulrike Wallrabe. "Performance Enhancement of an Ultrasonic Power Transfer System Through a Tightly Coupled Solid Media Using a KLM Model." Micromachines 11, no. 4 (March 30, 2020): 355. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi11040355.
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Contactless ultrasonic power transmission (UPT) through a metal barrier has become an exciting field of research, as metal barriers prevent the use of electromagnetic wireless power transfer due to Faraday shielding effects. In this paper, we demonstrate power transfer through a metal wall with the use of ultrasonic waves generated from a piezoelectric transducer. Accurate characterization and modeling of the transducer and investigation of the influence of the acoustic properties of the transmitting medium are instrumental for the performance prediction and optimal design of an ultrasonic power link. In this work, we applied the KLM model for the emitting and receiving transducers, with respect to the transmitting medium and model for both the emission and reception function. A practical UPT system was built by mechanically coupling and co-axially aligning two composite transducers on opposite sides of a transmitting medium wall. The optimal transmission performance of the ultrasonic power link through thickness-stretch vibrations of the wall together with two piezoelectric transducers working in TE mode was determined. Eventually, the operating frequency and ohmic loading condition for maximum power transmission were obtained for two different media, aluminium and polyoxymethylene (POM), with contrasting specific acoustic impedances. The results showed that the measured optimal electric loads and operating frequency for maximum power transfer agreed well with the theoretical predictions.
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Moghadasi, S. Marie, Albert J. de Wit, and Fabio Chiacchio. "Reducing the thermal influence of a bleed pipe near a composite fuel tank wall." Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology 90, no. 7 (October 1, 2018): 1088–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/aeat-01-2017-0036.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to determine thermal behaviour of wing fuel tank wall via heating by external heat sources. Design/methodology/approach A 3D finite element model of the structure has been created that takes into account convection, conduction and radiation effects. In addition, a 3D finite volume model of the air inside the leading edge is created. Through a computational fluid dynamics approach, the flow of air and thermal behaviour of the air is modelled. The structure and fluid model are coupled via a co-simulation engine to exchange heat flux and temperature. Different ventilation cases of the leading edge and their impact on the thermal behaviour of the tank wall (corresponding to the front spar) are investigated. Findings Results of 3D analysis illustrate good insight into the thermal behaviour of the tank wall. Furthermore, if regions exist in the leading edge that differs significantly from the overall thermal picture of the leading edge, these are visible in a 3D analysis. Finally, the models can be used to support a flammability analysis assessment. Practical implications Provided that the bleed pipe is located far enough from the spar and covered with sufficient thermal heat isolation, the composite leading edge structure will not reach extremely high temperatures. Originality/value These detailed simulations provide accurate results which can be used as reliable input for the fuel tank flammability analysis.
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Eldho Shibu, Melvin, and Jithish K.S. "Analysis of co-generation combustion chamber inlet line." World Journal of Engineering 13, no. 1 (February 8, 2016): 35–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/wje-02-2016-004.
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Purpose The catastrophic failures of these thick-wall cylinders are mainly due to the presence of inherent cracks in the material. The present study aims to deal with the analysis of stress for a given range of inside pressure. The paper deals with the calculation of radial and tangential stresses for various external pressure-to-internal pressure ratios and external radius to internal radius of the thick-walled cylinder. Design/methodology/approach The inlet line to the combustion chamber normally has an internal diameter of 150 mm and has a thickness of 25 mm. Normal temperature of the working fluid is about 80°C and the outside temperature is kept as room temperature. The present work deals with the stress analysis of the inlet line with and without internal crack. Also the stress intensity factors are calculated to check with the fracture toughness. Analysis is done both theoretically and by FEM by using the well-known software ANSYS. Findings Results show that the radial stress is independent of the external radius-to-internal radius ratio, while the tangential stress increases. Practical implications In process industries like nuclear or chemical, etc., structures in the form of thick-walled cylinders play a vital role, as its failure can affect humans and the environment. Because of this, the design and analysis of the above cylinders are of much significance. Originality/value Due to constant or cyclic operating pressure of pressure vessels and its corresponding pipelines usually in the form of thick-walled cylinders, reliability of the materials and structures used is of critical importance, as its failure can be deadly and possess lethal dangers when the cylinder contains flammable, toxic or reactive working fluid. The major ruling factors for the failure are none other than stress-related defects and presence of cracks.
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Shaftel, A., and J. Ward. "CONSERVATION OF THE SINCLAIR INN MUSEUM, AND THE PAINTED ROOM ANNAPOLIS ROYAL, NOVA SCOTIA, CANADA." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2/W5 (August 21, 2017): 641–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w5-641-2017.
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Conservation of the historic 18<sup>th</sup>C. Sinclair Inn Museum, and of the recently discovered late 18th/early 19thC. unique panoramic wall paintings located in an upstairs room, are co-dependent. This project was carried out with Canadian Conservation Institute (CCI) staff, and Conservator in Private Practice Ann Shaftel. This paper will introduce the Sinclair Inn Museum, outline the CCI murals and building investigations of 2011-15, the mural investigation of 2015-16, which confirmed that the mural extended to all four walls of the function room, now referred to as the Painted Room, and to describe how it has been revealed and conserved to date.
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Zhang, Xue Xi, Yong Bing Shen, Chun Feng Deng, De Zun Wang, and Lin Geng. "Preparation of Novel Aluminum Hybrid Composite Containing Aluminum Borate Whiskers and Carbon Nanotubes." Key Engineering Materials 353-358 (September 2007): 1414–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.353-358.1414.
Full textAbstract:
It is attractive to use multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWNTs), which has a high modulus and strength, to enhance the properties of metal matrix composites by hybrid strategy. In this paper, novel aluminum borate whisker (ABOw) and MWNTs hybrid composites were prepared by squeeze cast technique and the properties were investigated. The results show that hybrid preforms may be made by co-deposition of ABOw and MWNTs in a solution by wet method. MWNTs separate the ABOw from whisker-to-whisker contact and decrease the compressive deformation of the hybrid preforms during squeeze cast processing. MWNTs distribute along mainly in the grains of aluminum matrix, making the mechanical properties of the hybrid composites higher than singularly reinforced composite.
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Pronobis, Marek, and Rafał Litka. "Rate of corrosion of waterwalls in supercritical pulverised fuel boilers." Chemical and Process Engineering 33, no. 2 (June 1, 2012): 263–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10176-012-0026-x.
Full textAbstract:
Rate of corrosion of waterwalls in supercritical pulverised fuel boilers This paper presents an analysis of the corrosion hazard in the burner belt area of waterwalls in pulverised fuel (PF) boilers that results from low-NOx combustion. Temperature distributions along the waterwall tubes in subcritical (denoted as SUB) and supercritical (SUP) boilers were calculated and compared. Two hypothetical distributions of CO concentrations were assumed in the near-wall layer of the flue gas in the boiler furnace, and the kinetics of the waterwall corrosion were analysed as a function of the local temperature of the tubes. The predicted rate of corrosion of the boiler furnace waterwalls in the supercritical boilers was compared with that of in the subcritical boilers.
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Zhang, Li Na, Feng Chen Li, and Xiang Yu. "Life Cycle Assessment of CO2 Emission of Concrete Considering Carbonation and Structural Element Types." Key Engineering Materials 730 (February 2017): 375–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.730.375.
Full textAbstract:
Concrete industry is the main contributor of CO2 emission, and abundant studies were done for evaluating life cycle CO2 during production stage, construction stage, and use stage. The uptake of CO2 due to carbonation in service life is not detailed considered. Furthermore, the uptake of CO2 in demolition stage and the influences of structural element types on CO2 uptake performance are also not detailed considered. To overcome the weak points of current study, this paper proposed a numerical procedure about life cycle assessment of CO2 emission of concrete considering carbonation and structural element types. The CO2 emission and uptake in production stage, construction stage, use stage, and demolition stage are calculated. The influences of structural element types, shapes, and sizes on CO2 uptake performance are clarified. For concrete structures with different structural types, such as frame structures and shear-wall structures, the relative ratios for different structural element are different, hence the CO2 uptake ability are also different.