Academic literature on the topic 'Ni-rich NMC'
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Journal articles on the topic "Ni-rich NMC"
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Li, Tianyu, Xiao-Zi Yuan, Lei Zhang, Datong Song, Kaiyuan Shi, and Christina Bock. "Degradation Mechanisms and Mitigation Strategies of Nickel-Rich NMC-Based Lithium-Ion Batteries." Electrochemical Energy Reviews 3, no. 1 (October 21, 2019): 43–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s41918-019-00053-3.
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Abstract The demand for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) with high mass-specific capacities, high rate capabilities and long-term cyclabilities is driving the research and development of LIBs with nickel-rich NMC (LiNixMnyCo1−x−yO2, $$x \geqslant 0.5$$x⩾0.5) cathodes and graphite (LixC6) anodes. Based on this, this review will summarize recently reported and widely recognized studies of the degradation mechanisms of Ni-rich NMC cathodes and graphite anodes. And with a broad collection of proposed mechanisms on both atomic and micrometer scales, this review can supplement previous degradation studies of Ni-rich NMC batteries. In addition, this review will categorize advanced mitigation strategies for both electrodes based on different modifications in which Ni-rich NMC cathode improvement strategies involve dopants, gradient layers, surface coatings, carbon matrixes and advanced synthesis methods, whereas graphite anode improvement strategies involve surface coatings, charge/discharge protocols and electrolyte volume estimations. Electrolyte components that can facilitate the stabilization of anodic solid electrolyte interfaces are also reviewed, and trade-offs between modification techniques as well as controversies are discussed for a deeper understanding of the mitigation strategies of Ni-rich NMC/graphite LIBs. Furthermore, this review will present various physical and electrochemical diagnostic tools that are vital in the elucidation of degradation mechanisms during operation to supplement future degradation studies. Finally, this review will summarize current research focuses and propose future research directions. Graphic Abstract The demand for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) with high mass specific capacities, high rate capabilities and longterm cyclabilities is driving the research and development of LIBs with nickel-rich NMC (LiNixMnyCo1−x−yO2, x ≥ 0.5) cathodes and graphite (LixC6) anodes. Based on this, this review will summarize recently reported and widely recognized studies of the degradation mechanisms of Ni-rich NMC cathodes and graphite anodes. And with a broad collection of proposed mechanisms on both atomic and micrometer scales, this review can supplement previous degradation studies of Ni-rich NMC batteries. In addition, this review will categorize advanced mitigation strategies for both electrodes based on different modifications in which Ni-rich NMC cathode improvement strategies involve dopants, gradient layers, surface coatings, carbon matrixes and advanced synthesis methods, whereas graphite anode improvement strategies involve surface coatings, charge/discharge protocols and electrolyte volume estimations. Electrolyte components that can facilitate the stabilization of anodic solid-electrolyte interfaces (SEIs) are also reviewed and tradeoffs between modification techniques as well as controversies are discussed for a deeper understanding of the mitigation strategies of Ni-rich NMC/graphite LIBs. Furthermore, this review will present various physical and electrochemical diagnostic tools that are vital in the elucidation of degradation mechanisms during operation to supplement future degradation studies. Finally, this review will summarize current research focuses and propose future research directions.
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Teichert, Philipp, Gebrekidan Gebresilassie Eshetu, Hannes Jahnke, and Egbert Figgemeier. "Degradation and Aging Routes of Ni-Rich Cathode Based Li-Ion Batteries." Batteries 6, no. 1 (January 22, 2020): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/batteries6010008.
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Driven by the increasing plea for greener transportation and efficient integration of renewable energy sources, Ni-rich metal layered oxides, namely NMC, Li [Ni1−x−yCoyMnz] O2 (x + y ≤ 0.4), and NCA, Li [Ni1−x−yCoxAly] O2, cathode materials have garnered huge attention for the development of Next-Generation lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). The impetus behind such huge celebrity includes their higher capacity and cost effectiveness when compared to the-state-of-the-art LiCoO2 (LCO) and other low Ni content NMC versions. However, despite all the beneficial attributes, the large-scale deployment of Ni-rich NMC based LIBs poses a technical challenge due to less stability of the cathode/electrolyte interphase (CEI) and diverse degradation processes that are associated with electrolyte decomposition, transition metal cation dissolution, cation–mixing, oxygen release reaction etc. Here, the potential degradation routes, recent efforts and enabling strategies for mitigating the core challenges of Ni-rich NMC cathode materials are presented and assessed. In the end, the review shed light on the perspectives for the future research directions of Ni-rich cathode materials.
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Yang, Zhijie, and Feng Lin. "Synthesis and Size Control of Single Crystal Ni-Rich Layered Oxide Cathodes Using Statistical Analysis-Guided Molten Salt Method." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-02, no. 3 (October 9, 2022): 282. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-023282mtgabs.
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Rechargeable Li ion batteries have been widely applied in daily lives. The demand for Li ion batteries with higher energy density has been increasing especially with the thriving development of electric vehicles in the past decade. Li(Ni1−x−yMnxCoy)O2 (NMC) is one of the most successful commercial cathodes with various transition metal (Ni, Mn, and Co) ratios. Higher Ni content in the composition of NMC gives rise to higher energy density but at the price of structural and thermal stability. Recently, synthesizing single-crystal cathode particles has been extensively investigated as a strategy to enhance the stability of NMC cathodes. Most commercial NMC cathode particles possess polycrystalline structure, which is prone to induce intergranular cracking and parasitic reactions with the electrolyte upon cycling due to grain boundaries and large surface area. In contrast, single crystal NMC cathodes show higher cycling stability than their polycrystalline counterparts. However, the synthesis of single crystal normally requires higher temperatures and longer calcination duration than that of the polycrystalline counterparts for solid state synthesis. Alternatively, molten salt synthesis of single crystals is less energy-intensive and capable of tuning particle morphology and size. However, there is not yet a systematic guideline for the molten salt synthesis of single crystal Ni-rich NMC cathodes. Herein, we studied the effect of different synthetic parameters on the performance of single crystal Ni-rich NMC cathodes. We applied statistical analysis tools to correlate the synthetic conditions with cathode properties and optimized the synthetic parameters. Furthermore, we investigated the effect of single crystal size on the cathode performance. Our findings provided new insights into the synthesis and understanding of single crystal Ni-rich cathodes.
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Doeff, Marca M. "(Invited) Thermal Properties of NMC Cathode Materials." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-01, no. 2 (July 7, 2022): 378. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-012378mtgabs.
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NMC (LiNixMnyCozO2; x+y+z»1) materials deliver high capacity and excellent performance when used as cathodes in lithium-ion batteries. Increasing demand for higher energy density and concerns about the cost and ethics of using cobalt have prompted battery manufacturers to use Ni-rich formulations such as LiNi0.6Mn0.2Co0.2O2 (NMC622) and LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2 (NMC811). The thermal stability of (partially) delithiated NMCs is known to decrease with increasing Ni content, however, so that scenarios of fires and other safety events become more distinct possibilities. To investigate the thermal properties of Ni-rich NMCs, we prepared partially and fully delithiated Ni-rich NMCs corresponding to various states-of-charge by chemical methods. We then studied the bulk and surface properties of these materials as they were heated or after they were heated, using a variety of ex situ and in situ synchrotron methods to understand the chemical changes that occur. Of particular concern are reactions that result in release of oxygen. Heated materials progress through a series of bulk structural changes from layered to spinel to rock salt as temperatures rise. Transition temperatures depend on both lithium and nickel content, with bulk changes evident at temperatures as low as 150°C. Surface-sensitive techniques such as soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy (sXAS) indicate that subtle changes that lead to oxygen release can happen well below these temperatures. The thermal behavior of the Ni-rich materials is very complex, and involves lattice transformation, transition metal migration and valence change and lithium redistribution. Moreover, these changes are dependent upon primary particle size, with smaller particles reacting at lower temperatures than larger ones. These observations suggest that materials can be engineered (through primary particle size manipulation, for example) to improve thermal robustness, and therefore, safety and reliability of lithium-ion batteries.
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Nguyen Le, Minh, Hoang Nguyen Van, Trang Bach Le Thuy, Man Tran Van, and Phung Le My Loan. "O3-type layered Ni-rich cathode: synthesis and electrochemical characterization." Vietnam Journal of Catalysis and Adsorption 10, no. 1S (October 15, 2021): 206–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.51316/jca.2021.123.
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Ni-rich layered oxides are currently the state-of-the-art material of Lithium-ion batteries due to the balance between the cost, power and energy density. In this work, Ni-rich O3-type NaxNi0.76Mn0.14Co0.10O2.04 (NMC) material was synthesized by the conventional solid-state reaction and investigated as a cathode material for sodium-ion batteries. Rietveld refinement shows that the material is high purity O3-type layered oxide of 91%. In the charge/discharge test, the material was provided the reversible capacity of 156 mAh.g-1 initially at 0.1 C with 50% capacity retention after 50 cycles in the voltage range of 2.0 – 4.2 V. In addition, this material also demonstrates great rate-capability with the discharge capacity of 50 mAh.g-1 even at 5 C. Therefore, NMC material could be a promising candidate for high energy sodium-ion batteries.
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Nisa, Shofirul Sholikhatun, Anisa Raditya Nurohmah, Cornelius Satria Yudha, Hanida Nilasary, Hartoto Nursukatmo, Endah Retno Dyartanti, and Agus Purwanto. "Utilization of Spent Nickel Catalyst as Raw Material for Ni-Rich Cathode Material." Jurnal Presipitasi : Media Komunikasi dan Pengembangan Teknik Lingkungan 18, no. 2 (July 30, 2021): 349–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/presipitasi.v18i2.349-357.
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Spent nickel catalyst will be harmful to the environment if it is not processed or used properly. In fact, this waste still has a high nickel content. The treatment of spent nickel catalysts has been widely reported, but limited to nickel extraction. Since the lithium-ion batteries demand is continued to increase, then nickel is the most sought-after metal. Consequently, nickel from spent nickel catalysts could be developed as secondary source for lithium-ion battery cathode. This study aims to utilize spent nickel catalysts into more valuable materials. Nickel that has been extracted and mixed with Mn and Co has been used as raw material for nickel-rich cathode, namely NMC. Nickel extraction and NMC synthesis were using the acid leaching method followed by co-precipitation[WI1] [SSN2] . Based on the functional test performed in this work, nickel from spent nickel catalyst can be applied to Li-ion batteries. The sintering temperature that gives good characteristics and electrochemistry was found 820oC. The galvanostatic charge-discharge test gave specific capacity results for NMC of 110.4 mAh/g. The cycle test showed that NMC synthesized from spent nickel catalyst can be carried out up to 50 cycles with a capacity retention of 87.18%.
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Touag, Ouardia, Gael Coquil, Mathieu Charbonneau, Denis Mankovsky, and Mickaël Dollé. "One-Pot Synthesis of LiAlO2-Coated LiNi0.6Mn0.2Co0.2O2 Cathode Material." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-01, no. 2 (July 7, 2022): 336. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-012336mtgabs.
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The chemistry of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is an active area of research, notably through the increasing demand for high energy and power density in LIBs, especially for application in electric vehicles (EVs) and hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs). Among the various cathode materials, LiNixCoyMn1-x-yO2 (NMC) intercalation compounds are the best candidates for applications in high performance LIBs. However, Ni-rich NMC suffers mainly from parasitic side reactions at the interface with the electrolyte, which leads to a lower thermal and electrochemical stability. Surface modification via coating is an effective concept to counter the capacity degradation of NMC and to improve the particles’ structural stability for enhancing their cycle-life [1], [2]. Different processing techniques that usually requires several steps are presented in the literature. However, to facilitate the integration of a new product in the current battery market, it is preferable to reduce the number of steps during the synthesis process. In this work, we propose a one-pot synthesis of LiAlO2-coated LiNi0.6Mn0.2Co0.2O2 particles, by using a continuous stirred-tank reactor (CSTR). Firstly, the composition and morphology of the coated and uncoated cathode materials are characterized by SEM, TEM, EDX and XPS. Then, the structural characterization of our materials is validated by XRD analysis. Consequently, we will compare the electrochemical performance and thermal stability of coated and uncoated NMC particles. We will demonstrate that our approach provides an easy way to apply surface treatment onto Ni-rich NMC particles and simplifies the synthesis process at large scale production. KEYWORDS: Lithium-ion battery, Ni-rich NMC cathode, LiAlO2 coating, surface protection. Negi, R.S., et al., Enhancing the Electrochemical Performance of LiNi0.70Co0.15Mn0.15O2 Cathodes Using a Practical Solution-Based Al2O3 Coating. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 2020. 12(28): p. 31392-31400. Kim, H.-S., et al., Enhanced electrochemical properties of LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 cathode material by coating with LiAlO2 nanoparticles. Journal of Power Sources, 2006. 161(1): p. 623-627.
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Sawangphruk, Montree, and Krisara Srimanon. "Dry Particle Fusion Assisted Ceramic Coatings for High Nickel Cathode for Scalable 18650 Lithium-Ion Batteries." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-01, no. 2 (July 7, 2022): 416. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-012416mtgabs.
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Over the last several decades, energy storage has become one of the central tools for facilitating energy transformation from (electro)chemical reactions to electricity. Rechargeable lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are among the most popular and promising mature technologies for portable electronics, grids, and transportation. The cathode, a working horse, mainly determines the overall capacity among the various components. Off-late layered Li-rich or Ni-rich material plays a vital role, especially Ni-rich LiNixMnyCo1-x-yO2; x ≥ 0.8 (NMC) get significant attention. However, it is unfortunate that such Ni-rich cathode materials encountered severe capacity degradation and poor thermal instability concerning the Ni-concentration. Several strategies have already been proposed to mitigate those issues, including electrolyte additive, cation doping, and coating or surface modification. Among them, the modification of the cathode surface, like core-shell construction, is a practical approach. Herein, a core-shell architecture was achieved by employing the cost-effective dry particle fusion method over Ni-rich (LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2 (NMC811), where the nano aluminum oxide was used as a shell material with an average thickness of 150-200 nm. Such NMC@alumina core-shell exhibits excellent cycling stability compared with pristine NMC811. The chemical lithium diffusion coefficient was calculated using galvanostatic (GITT) and the potentio-dynamics process. Additionally, the control of parasitic reaction between the delithiated cathode and electrolyte was analyzed using the in-situ Differential Electrochemical Mass Spectrometry (DEMs) technique, where the onset potential and the amount of gas generated are compared with pristine material.
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Fung, Kuan-Zong, Shu-Yi Tsai, and Jen-Hao Yang. "(Digital Presentation) Performance Improvement of Nickel-Rich Layered Cathodes for Li Batteries Based on Modified Solid State Reaction." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-01, no. 6 (July 7, 2022): 2500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-0162500mtgabs.
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Lithiated metal oxides with layered structure used as the cathode may provide a high capacity and stable cycle retention, which is a desired property for lithium-ion batteries. Among them, NMC composed of Ni, Mn and Co as transition metal ions is considered a promising positive electrode. Due to high cost and toxicity of Co, Ni-rich layered oxide with substitution of Ni for Co content shows high capacity and adequate cycling performance. Recently, the fabrication of NMC adopting single-crystal (grain size: 1~6 μm) process tends to give better long-term performance than ones with particles in nanometer range. In this study, LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2 (NMC811) with substitution of Ni/Mn for Co were selected as the Ni-rich layered cathode investigated. Due to the low melting point of Li2CO3, the heating temperature/time of powder mixture become crucial to control the adequate grain size of to achieve better retention. The value of the I(003) /I(104) ratio in XRD pattern represent cation mixing in layered structure. And this parameter is closely related to its electrochemical properties. Discussion will be carried out based on the results of XRD analysis and the charge–discharge profiles and cycling performance.
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Bunyanidhi, Panyawee, and Montree Sawangphruk. "Investigation of Garnet Solid Electrolyte-Layered Oxide Cathode Interfaces Towards Cylindrical High-Performance Li-Ion Batteries." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-01, no. 2 (July 7, 2022): 164. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-012164mtgabs.
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Even though the Ni-rich cathode materials (Ni content > 60%), providing high energy density and high capacity, can draw much attention for advanced lithium-ion battery (LIB) community and industry, several drawbacks such as poor structural stability, thermal stability, and capacity fading still restrict their scalable application. Herein, the trace amount of garnet Li7La3Zr2O12 (LLZO) oxide solid-state electrolyte was introduced on the LiNi0.8Mn 0.1 Co0.1O2 (NMC811) cathode as a scaffolding interfacial layer on NMC particles via a one-step solvent-free mechanofusion process. The interfacial La-Ni exchange after mechanofusion was investigated by the extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) measurement. Subsequently, the in situ X-ray diffraction was used to investigate the crystallographic evolution during the charge-discharge process. The NMC-LLZO cathode exhibits excellent rate capability and cycling performance, especially at high current density. The LLZO interfacial layer was found to be able to delay Li insertion into NMC bulk which in turn led to a better Li distribution and higher rate capability over pristine NMC. The practical applications of NMC-LLZO are also presented in 2.5 Ah 18650-format lithium-ion batteries. The cells can perform from C/10 to 1C with only 16% capacity reduction and remain 80% retention after cycled up to 500 cycles at a high current density of 1C compared to 40% of NMC cells. Keywords: LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2, Lithium-ion batteries, Oxide solid-state electrolyte, Scaffolding layer, High current density
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Ni-rich NMC"
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Laurita, Angelica. "Characterisation of the surface reactivity of Ni-rich positive electrode materials for Li-ion batteries." Thesis, Nantes Université, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022NANU4025.
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L’électrification des véhicules se base aujourd’hui sur l’utilisation de batteries Lithium-ion utilisant des oxydes lamellaires de nickel, manganèse et cobalt (NMC) comme matériaux d’électrode positive. Au niveau industriel, la production de matériaux riches en nickel est désormais privilégiée pour satisfaire la demande de meilleures autonomies de la batterie de la part des consommateurs. Cependant, ces matériaux sont affectés par un fort dégagement gazeux pendant le cyclage en batterie. Plusieurs études ont été conduites pour définir les principales causes de ce dégazage et trouver les meilleures solutions pour le réduire. En revanche, la plus grande partie de ces recherches se concentre exclusivement sur une observation des matériaux pendant le cyclage. Pour répondre au besoin d’une caractérisation systématique du NMC riche en Ni dans son état initial, les surfaces de plusieurs échantillons industriels ont été observées à l’aide de différentes techniques d’analyse. 7Li MAS-NMR, XPS, STEM-EELS et SEM-FIB ont été combinées pour obtenir une description complète des matériaux et de leurs surfaces. Les limites et complémentarités de chaque technique sont discutées et les résultats obtenus comparés et exploités de façon synergique. Il a donc été possible de décrire en détail la surface du matériau dans son état initial à l’échelle nanométrique et d’évaluer ensuite l’influence des conditions de stockage, ainsi que des étapes de mise en forme en électrode. Le mode opératoire ainsi défini a pu être utilisé par la suite pour analyser la surface de matériaux issus de différentes méthodes de synthèseThe electrification of vehicles is currently based on the use of Lithium-ion batteries using lamellar oxides of nickel, manganese and cobalt (NMC) as positive electrode materials. At the industrial level, the production of nickel-rich materials is now the main focus in order to satisfy the need for longer range battery performances demanded by consumers. However, these materials are affected by strong outgassing during battery cycling. Several studies have been conducted to define the main factors contributing to this outgassing and to find the best solutions to reduce it. The majority of this research, though, focuses exclusively on observing the materials during cycling. To address the necessity of a systematic characterisation of Ni rich NMC in its initial state, the surfaces of several industrial samples were observed using different analytical techniques. 7Li MAS-NMR, XPS, STEM-EELS and SEM-FIB were used to obtain a thorough description of the materials and their surfaces. The limitations and complementarities of each technique are discussed and the results obtained compared and exploited in a synergistic way. It was thus possible to describe in detail the surface of the material in its initial state at the nanometric scale and to evaluate the influence of the storage conditions, as well as the electrode preparation steps. The procedure thus defined could then be used to analyse the surface of materials from different synthesis methods
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LI, YU-WEN, and 李煜文. "Charge transfer-induced structure instability of Ni-Rich NCM Cathode studied by in situ XRD and in situ quick X-ray absorption spectroscopy." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/3v2626.
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碩士國立臺北科技大學
分子科學與工程系有機高分子碩士班
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Ni-rich LiNixCoyMnzO2 (NCM) cathode materials with layered structure have a great potential for the application in advanced lithium-ion batteries, mainly due to their high specific capacity. However, these materials still suffer from many challenges such as poor structural and interfacial stability upon (de)lithiation which limits the large-scale applications. In this study, we investigate the role of Ni、Co、Mn in the stability of NCM cathode materials including NCM523、NCM622、NCM811.We found that NCM811 cathode material shows higher capacity than that of NCM523 and NCM622 cathode materials. Operando X-ray diffraction measurements show that NCM811 exhibits mild volume change below 4 V and large decreases in unit cell volume due to collapse of the interlayer spacing at 4.3 V during charge process. Operando hard X-ray absorption spectroscopy of NCM cathode materials suggests that the shrinkage of the transition metal–oxygen layer could result from Ni oxidation during charge process. Our results demonstrate that changing the operation of NCM811 cathodes in different potential range can improve the stability and cycle life of Li-ion battery performance.
Conference papers on the topic "Ni-rich NMC"
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Morzy, Jedrzej. "Nanoscale origins of degradation of Ni-rich NMC Li-ion battery cathodes." In Microscience Microscopy Congress 2021 incorporating EMAG 2021. Royal Microscopical Society, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22443/rms.mmc2021.75.
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Morzy, Jedrzej. "Nanoscale origins of degradation of Ni-rich NMC Li-ion battery cathodes." In European Microscopy Congress 2020. Royal Microscopical Society, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22443/rms.emc2020.414.
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