Journal articles: 'NI Coil'

1

Hwang, Young Jin. "Design and Characteristic Analysis of a Homopolar Synchronous Machine Using a NI HTS Field Coil." Energies 14, no. 18 (September 8, 2021): 5658. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14185658.

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This paper deals with a homopolar synchronous machine (HSM) applying high-temperature superconducting (HTS) field coils. Superconductors, especially high-temperature superconductors, have high potential as advanced materials for next-generation electrical machines due to their high critical current density and excellent mechanical strength. However, coils made with high-temperature superconductors have a high risk of being damaged in the event of a quench due to the intrinsic low normal zone propagation velocity (NZPV). Therefore, the coil protection issue has been regarded as one of the most important research fields in HTS coil applications. Currently, the most actively studied method for quench protection of the HTS coils is the no-insulation (NI) winding technique. The NI winding technique is a method of winding an HTS coil without inserting an insulating material between turns. This method can automatically bypass the current to the adjacent turn when a local quench occurs inside the HTS coil, greatly improving the operating stability of the HTS coils. Accordingly, many institutions are conducting research to develop advanced electrical machines using NI HTS coils. However, the NI HTS coil has its intrinsic charge/discharge delay problem, which makes it difficult to successfully develop electrical machines using the NI HTS coil. In this study, we investigated how this charging/discharging problem appeared when the NI HTS coil was used in an HTS homopolar synchronous machine (HSM) which is one of the electrical machines with a high possibility of applying the HTS coil in the future because it has a stationary field coil structure. For this, the characteristic resistances of HTS coils were experimentally obtained and applied to the simulation model.

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Hwang, Young Jin, Jae Young Jang, and SangGap Lee. "A Flux-Controllable NI HTS Flux-Switching Machine for Electric Vehicle Applications." Applied Sciences 10, no. 5 (February 25, 2020): 1564. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10051564.

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This paper deals with a flux-controllable NI HTS flux-switching machine (FSM) for electric vehicle (EV) applications. In a variable-speed rotating machine for EVs, such as electric buses, electric aircraft and electric ships, an electric motor capable of regulating the flux offers the advantage of constant output operation. In general, conventional HTS rotating machines have excellent flux-regulation performance, because they excite an HTS field coil. However, it is difficult to ensure any flux-regulation capabilities in HTS rotating machines using HTS field coils that apply the no-insulation (NI) winding technique, due to the inherent charge and discharge delays in these machines. Nevertheless, the NI winding technique is being actively researched as a key technology for the successful development of HTS rotating machines, because it can dramatically improve the operational stability of HTS field coils. Therefore, research to implement an HTS rotating machine with flux-regulation capabilities, while improving the operating stability of the HTS field coil using the NI winding technique, is required for EV applications. In this paper, we propose an HTS rotating machine with a flux switching structure, a type of topology of a rotating machine that is being actively studied for application to the electric motors used in EVs. The proposed HTS flux-switching machine (FSM) uses NI field coils, but additional field windings are applied for flux regulation, which enables flux control. In this study, an NI HTS field coil was also fabricated and tested because the characteristic resistance value should be used for the design and characteristic analyses of machines which utilize an NI coil. The simulation model used to analyze the flux-regulation performance capabilities of the NI HTS FSM were devised based on the characteristic resistance values obtained from a charging test of the fabricated NI HTS field coil. This study can provide a good reference for further research, including work on the manufacturing of a prototype NI HTS FSM for EV applications, and it can be used as a reference for the development of other HTS rotating machines, such as those used in large-scale wind power generation, where flux-regulation capabilities are required.

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Yang, S., X. Chen, and S. Motojima. "Vapor Phase Growth of Carbon Microcoils / Nanocoils." Journal of Metastable and Nanocrystalline Materials 23 (January 2005): 387–0. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/jmnm.23.387.

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The carbon microcoils and carbon nanocoils were prepared by the catalytic pyrolysis of acetylene under the Ni and/or Fe-containing catalysts, and the growth pattern, morphology and growth mechanism of the carbon coils were examined in detail. The inner coil diameter of carbon microcoils are of several µm and coil gap from zero to several µm. The inner coil diameter of carbon nanocoils are from zero to several ten nm and coil gap from zero to several nm. The carbon microcoils are generally of double helix coils such as DNA while carbon nanocoils were single helix coils such as α-helix proteins, with spring-like or twisted forms. A catalyst grain was usually observed on the tip of carbon coil. The carbon nanocoils are almost amorphous and can be graphitized by the high temperature heat-treatment.

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4

Manhartsberger, Clemens, and Walter Seidenbusch. "Force delivery of Ni-Ti coil springs." American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics 109, no. 1 (January 1996): 8–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0889-5406(96)70158-0.

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5

Shao, Liangjun, Xintao Zhang, Yufan Yan, Haoyuan Wang, Huajun Liu, and Timing Qu. "Design of a 20 T Class REBCO Insert in a 15 T Low Temperature Superconducting Magnet." Electronics 10, no. 14 (July 20, 2021): 1741. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10141741.

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A 20 T REBCO insert magnet has been designed considering a 15 T/150 mm background field generated by an LTS magnet. A two-nested-coil structure was chosen. The target of this project is to generate a 20 T/80 mm user field by inserting the outer MI-REBCO coil (Coil 2) first, then try to reach 35 T by inserting the inner NI-REBCO test coil (Coil 1). Coil 2 will be wound by copper packed, 185-μm thick REBCO tapes co-wound with 50-μm thick Hastelloy tapes. Coil 1 will be no-insulated wound by 65-μm thick REBCO tapes. Two mechanical models were built to estimate the stress distribution inside the HTS coils during operation. The influence of the screening current distribution on stress was discussed. The unbalanced force caused by the coil misalignment was also simulated. The 20 T HTS insert magnet is planned to be built and tested in 2021. The progress of coil winding and preliminary test results at 77 K were presented.

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Dong, Fangliang, Dongkeun Park, Wooseung Lee, Luning Hao, Zhen Huang, Juan Bascuñán, Zhijian Jin, and Yukikazu Iwasa. "On fault-mode phenomenon in no-insulation superconducting magnets: A preventive approach." Applied Physics Letters 121, no. 19 (November 7, 2022): 194101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0122493.

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Here, we present experimental and analytical results of a preventive approach applied to a fault-mode phenomenon caused by electrodes or power-source failure in a no-insulation (NI) high-temperature superconducting REBa2Cu3O7−x (REBCO, RE = rare earth) magnet. It is generally agreed that the NI magnets, at least those of laboratory scale, are self-protected from overheating and, therefore, from quenching, chiefly because of turn-to-turn current bypassing unique to NI. However, these NI magnets do experience unexpected quenches, e.g., when the current through the magnet suddenly drops due to the aforementioned fault-mode phenomenon. Here, we report this phenomenon of a sudden-discharging-triggered quench of an NI REBCO coil, conduction-cooled, and operated at 4.2 K. We also present our preventive approach for this phenomenon that relies on an appropriately designed resistor shunted across the coil terminals. With this shunt resistor, a quench was prevented by suppressing the quench initiating turn-to-turn heat and induced overcurrent within the NI winding, and the coil current decayed safely.

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7

Wang, Yue, Jin Xie, Fengtian Zhang, Fenggang Tao, Zhuang Xiong, and Chao Zhi. "A bi-stable mechanism actuated by patterned permanent magnet and Cu-Ni integrated micro-coil." Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering 32, no. 3 (February 14, 2022): 035005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6439/ac5170.

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Abstract This paper presents a bi-stable mechanism, which mainly consists of a suspended mass, a spacer and a bottom plate. Electromagnetic actuation is used for switching between two states (i.e. ‘On/Off’ state). The actuation is achieved via permanent magnet (PM) on the suspended mass and micro-coils embedded in the bottom plate. Different from spiral coil and central core in conventional design, micro-coils in this paper integrate Cu and Ni together as a whole, acting as both coil and ferromagnetic core. This integration simplifies the fabrication into one-mask process. Furthermore, chessboard patterned PM is utilized with Cu-Ni integrated micro-coils to generate enhanced force density. The bi-stable mechanism is designed, fabricated and experimentally characterized. Total size of this mechanism is 16 × 14 × 2 mm3. No power is needed for holding either of the state. Switching processes (both ‘On’ to ‘Off’ and ‘Off’ to ‘On’) can be realized with external acceleration of 24 G (gravity) and 37 G, respectively. Furthermore, resetting (i.e. ‘On’ to ‘Off’) can also be accomplished with 1.5 A current input.

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Yanagisawa, Y., M. Hamada, K. Hashi, and H. Maeda. "Review of recent developments in ultra-high field (UHF) NMR magnets in the Asia region." Superconductor Science and Technology 35, no. 4 (March 7, 2022): 044006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6668/ac5644.

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Abstract This paper reviews recent developments in ultra-high field (UHF) superconducting magnets for nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) in the Asia regionin particular, those for high-resolution NMR magnets using high-temperature superconductor (HTS) coils. In Japan, a power supply driven-mode 1.02 GHz (24.0 T) NMR magnet using a Bi2Sr2Ca2Cu3O10-δ (Bi-2223) inner coil was developed in 2015, providing the first high-resolution NMR at a 1H NMR frequency of >1 GHz (23.5 T). In late 2017, a new project was started to develop a persistent-mode 1.3 GHz (30.5 T) NMR magnet comprising a RE(rare earth)Ba2Cu3O7-δ (REBCO) inner coil, a Bi-2223 middle coil, and a low-temperature superconductor (LTS) outer coil. The magnet employs the newly developed state-of-the-art superconducting joints between HTSs necessary for the persistent-mode operation, as well as magnet technologies providing an ultra-high magnetic field of >30.5 T with high temporal stability and spatiality homogeneity for high-resolution NMR measurement. In China, a ∼20 mm cold bored magnet comprising an LTS outer coil and no-insulation (NI) REBCO inner coils was developed and recorded a field of 32.35 T, the highest magnetic field ever achieved with an all-superconducting magnet, which can be used as a small cold-bored NMR. In Korea, a liquid helium-free 400 MHz (9.39 T) all REBCO NMR magnets using NI winding was developed, which is operational. These technologies provide future perspectives for a UHF NMR magnet with key features of persistent-mode operation, an operating field of 1.4 GHz using (32.9 T)-class magnets, and the liquid helium-free operation.

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9

Tsuji, K. "Design of Ni-Ti-Cu Alloy Coil Spring." Journal of Engineering for Industry 114, no. 1 (February 1, 1992): 105–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2899746.

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A new method of coil spring design applicable to Ni-Ti-Cu shape memory alloy was studied. Design values agreed well with measurements within the range of 2 K of operating temperature, thus justifying the design. The present design method is based on the characteristics of shear stress, shear strain, and phase transformation temperature as its principal data, and therefore is accurate and superior in that the design can accommodate material deterioration and that the operation temperature can be determined.

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10

Mahajan, Akshay S., Amol A. Verulkar, Ratnadip A. Lohakpure, Twinkle D. Bajaj, Shweta A. Dhope, and Sara R. Bhurani. "Modified ‘S’ shape ring for reactivation of open coil spring: A clinical pearl." IP Indian Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Research 8, no. 2 (May 15, 2022): 113–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.ijodr.2022.019.

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Ni-Ti open coil springs are often used for opening spaces for crowded or for distalization of the molar teeth. Predetermining the length of open coil spring required to open up the exact amount of space is rather difficult, and sometimes, the length of the open coil spring falls short to open up the entire space required. Open coil spring usually requires reactivation to gain enough space in the arch or between two adjacent teeth. This paper highlights the chairside method of reactivation of NiTi open coil spring with the use of modified ‘S’ shape ring without removing the base archwire.

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11

Ding, Xianhe, Katsutoshi Kuribayashi, and Takao Hashida. "Development of a Low Resistance Micro Electro Magnetic Distance Sensor Using High Aspect Ratio Photo Resist." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 12, no. 5 (October 20, 2000): 552–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.2000.p0552.

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To maintain metal pipes, an electromagnetic coil is necessary as the detecting device of the eddy current change in metal due to pipe defects and as the distance sensor of the clearance between the detecting device and metal wall. This type of sensor should be thin and have a smaller diameter for detection by precise resolution and have large inductance and low electrical resistance for high sensitivity and high S/N. In this paper, for the above requirements, a new planar spiral type of coil for higher inductance, and thicker coil for reducing the electrical resistance by using ultra-thick photoresist SU-8 and Ni electroplating is proposed. Micromachining technology for the small size diameter and for automatic assembly was applied to microcoil fabrication. The Ni microcoil 300μm thick and 3mm in diameter was fabricated. The static distance characteristics and the frequency response were measured. Experiments show that the sensor of the 300μm thick coil has better output characteristics and linearity. High sensitivity, high signal-to-noise ratio and wide frequency response of the fabricated sensor have been measured to be 1.7v/mm, 75.6dB and 10Hz to 1000Hz, respectively, for 300μm thick coil. The position was controlled using the microcoil distance sensor.

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12

Hasan, Md Kamrul, Gazi Shamim Hassan, Samira Rahman, Md Sher Ali, Md Azizur Rahman, Md Mahfuj Hasan, and Rokeya Rahman Tani. "Space Closure Rate in Mandibular Canine Retraction by Ni-Ti Closed Coil Spring: A Clinical Trial." Medicine Today 33, no. 2 (November 7, 2021): 90–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/medtoday.v33i2.56050.

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Introduction: In Majority of patients seeking orthodontic treatment, teeth must be extracted in order to obtain proper esthetics, occlusion, and stability as well as extraction of teeth is often a need to close residual space, after the initial decrowding and aligning. Pre adjusted fixed orthodontic appliances commonly utilize sliding mechanics for space closure with different types of force delivery systems. A variety of materials have been used as force delivery systems to close spaces between teeth as in the case of canine retraction after the extraction of premolars. Among all sliding or frictionless methods of canine retraction, super-elastic nickel titanium coil spring has a particular property in producing light continuous force at a long range of action, compared with previously available materials. Nickel-titanium closed coil spring, with a continuous action, might have some advantages in fixed appliance space closure mechanics. Materials and Methods: Over the period of one year from May 2015 to April 2016, this clinical trial was carried out and A total number of 20 patients (40 quadrants), who required canine retraction into first premolar extraction sites as part of their orthodontic treatment in the Department of Orthodontics of BSMMU selected as study population. The quadrants were affixed by nickel titanium closed coil springs (medium force, Ni-Ti extension spring, Ormco) with 200gm force measured by Correx Tension Gauge. Space closure was measured by means of direct measurement from the mesial surface of mesial wing of the 2nd premolar bracket and the distal surface of distal wing of the canine bracket with digital Vernier Calipers. Results: Mean space closer rate in mandibular canine retraction was 1.07 ± 0.12 mm/month by nickel-titanium (Ni-Ti) closed coil spring method with p value<0.001. Conclusion: This study revealed that space closer rate in mandibular canine retraction by nickel-titanium (Ni-Ti) closed coil spring is 1.07 ± 0.12 mm/month. Medicine Today 2021 Vol.33(2): 90-93

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13

Mita, Toshihiro, Masaaki Misumi, and Masafumi Ohkubo. "Load-Elongation Characteristics of Ti-Ni Shape Memory Alloy Coil Spring." Transactions of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers Series A 61, no. 587 (1995): 1657–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/kikaia.61.1657.

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14

Zheng, Xiao Hu, and Feng Gu. "Development and Fabrication of the Micro Eddy Current Sensor by Using UV-LIGA Process." Advanced Materials Research 139-141 (October 2010): 2283–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.139-141.2283.

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An analytical model of an eddy current sensor designed for noncontact distance measurement is presented. The device consists of two planar coil (driver coil and pickup coil) stacked on the magnetic core. The planar coil fabricated by UV-LIGA technology with SU-8 photoresist is illustrated, and the permalloy magnetic core electroforming process is presented also. Tested with 10-50 KHz sine signal, the output voltage of the sensing coil reached 30mv with a Ni target placed at a distance of 20μm. And the experimental showed a linear relation between the distance and output voltage within 60μm distance. The amplitude trend increases with the increasing of the frequency and amplitude of excited signal, which is according with the theory analytics. The whole size of the device is: Φ5mm×1.5mm. The results demonstrated that the device could nondestructive evaluate the distance and be easily integrated on chip, and the UV-LIGA Process could be used as a new method to fabricate the micro eddy current sensor massly.

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Singhatham, Chokchai, and Krittee Eidhed. "Effect of Carburizing on Microstructure and Weldability of 35Cr-45Ni-Nb Alloys in the Ethylene Heating Furnace." Applied Mechanics and Materials 848 (July 2016): 39–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.848.39.

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This paper presents the effect of carburizing phenomena on the microstructure and weldability of tube coils in the ethylene heating furnace. A tube coil material was used the Ni-base alloy grade 35Cr-45Ni-Nb. The specimens obtained from three different height levels of carburized tube were tested. The results from the SEM-EDS and microstructure analyses show that the carbon was concentrated in carburized tube and deposited in the solid solution and chromium carbide compound. The prediction of new weldability in the carburized tube with Nieq/Creq ratio can be used for welding repair in petrochemical industry.

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Watanabe, Mitsuhiro, Shinji Kumai, and Tomokatsu Aizawa. "Interfacial Microstructure of Magnetic Pressure Seam Welded Al-Fe, Al-Ni and Al-Cu Lap Joints." Materials Science Forum 519-521 (July 2006): 1145–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.519-521.1145.

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A new welding method, magnetic pressure seam welding, was used to lap join dissimilar metals (Al-Fe, Al-Ni and Al-Cu). The circuit for magnetic pressure seam welding consists of a capacitor, an electric discharge gap switch, and a plate-type coil. The overlapped metal plates are placed over the coil. When an impulse current from an energy-storage capacitor bank passes through the coil, a high-density magnetic flux is suddenly generated around the coil. The generated high-density magnetic flux lines cross the end of the overlapped plates. Eddy currents are induced mainly inside the Al plate because it has a high electrical conductivity. Both the Joule heat generated in the plates and the magnetic pressure applied from the Al side promote the joining of the lapped plates. The welding is normally achieved within 10 μs. This results in very little microstructural change in the parent plates aside from the area around the weld interface. Strong lap joints were obtained for every metal combination and no tensile fracture took place in the weld region. A characteristic wavy morphology was observed at the weld interface. An intermediate phase layer was also observed at the weld interface. TEM observation revealed that the intermediate layer consisted of fine Al grains and intermetallic compound particles dispersed among the Al grains. The growth direction of the wave, the welding condition dependency of the wavelength and the amplitude of the interfacial wave were intensively investigated in order to clarify the welding mechanism of this method.

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17

Lee, Wooseung, Dongkeun Park, Yoonhyuck Choi, Yi Li, Juan Bascunan, and Yukikazu Iwasa. "Hot-Spot Modeling of REBCO NI Pancake Coil: Analytical and Experimental Approaches." IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity 31, no. 5 (August 2021): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tasc.2021.3070240.

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18

Hirano, Toshiyuki, and Ya Xu. "Catalytic properties of a pure Ni coil catalyst for methane steam reforming." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 42, no. 52 (December 2017): 30621–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2017.10.135.

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19

Assawakawintip, Thanate, Rochaya Chintavalakorn, Peerapong Santiwong, and Anak Khantachawana. "Effect of Heat Treatment Temperature on the Mechanical Properties of Custom-Made NiTi Closed Coil Springs." Applied Mechanics and Materials 897 (April 2020): 35–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.897.35.

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To investigate the effects of different temperatures for heat treatment of custom-made NiTi closed coil springs. NiTi closed coil springs (50.8% Ni-49.2%Ti) were manually fabricated around a 0.9mm diameter mandrel and heat treated at temperatures of 400°C, 450°C, and 500°C for 20 minutes. The outer diameter of each specimen was measured to determine the effect of heat treatment temperature on spring geometry. Tensile tests were carried out to measure the force levels at 3, 6, 9, and 12 mm of spring extension. Non-parametric statistical analyses were done to assess and compare the effects of different temperatures of heat treatment on the custom-made orthodontic closed coil springs. Heat treatment at lower temperatures produced larger outer coil diameters than at higher temperatures. Raising the temperature of heat treatment produced significant increases in force levels by 13-18 g especially between 400°C and 500°C at spring extensions of 3, 6 and 9 mm. The highest superelastic ratio of 5.44 was found in the NiTi coil springs that were heat treatment at 500°C for 20 minutes which signifies superelastic tendencies. The mechanical properties of NiTi closed coil springs are influenced by the temperature of heat treatment. The NiTi closed coil springs that were heat treated at 500°C for 20 minutes produce appropriate force levels to display a superelastic tendency for orthodontic use.

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20

Cho, Daehwan, Joonhong Park, and Jaeil Kim. "Automatic Actuation of the Anti-Freezing System Using SMA Coil Springs." Metals 11, no. 9 (September 9, 2021): 1424. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met11091424.

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Studies have been actively conducted on systems that prevent the breakage of water pipes from freezing in winter. Shape memory alloy (SMA) coil springs have been used as the key components of actuators that can operate automatically by detecting the real-time outside temperature changes, but research on its use as an actuator that can operate at sub-zero temperatures is insufficient. This study proposes the anti-freezing system using Ni-44.08Ti-1.46Co (wt.%) SMA coil springs that operate near sub-zero temperatures to prevent the freezing accident of water pipes. After fabricating the SMA coil springs, the test for performance evaluation of the springs applied static load conditions was conducted on the specific outside temperature. To examine the operation of anti-freezing systems applied the SMA coil spring as an actuator, the water discharge test (WDT) was also conducted along with the computational fluid simulation. The results of water discharge measurement obtained by WDT, simulations, and theoretical equations applied to the fluid resupply system constructed were compared with each other to verify the reliability. Consequently, it was confirmed that water discharge can be automatically controlled in real time according to temperature changes of SMA coil springs in the anti-freezing system.

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Tsuji, K., Y. Takegawa, and T. Ito. "Phase transformation property of NiTiCu alloy coil under an applied stress." Materials Science and Engineering: A 142, no. 2 (August 1991): 203–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0921-5093(91)90659-b.

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Fetisov, Y. K., V. M. Petrov, and G. Srinivasan. "Inverse magnetoelectric effects in a ferromagnetic–piezoelectric layered structure." Journal of Materials Research 22, no. 8 (August 2007): 2074–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2007.0262.

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Measurements of inverse magnetoelectric (ME) effects in lead zirconate titanate (PZT)–Ni–PZT trilayers are reported. Traditional ME measurements involve the electrical response of a composite subjected to an alternating current (ac) magnetic field. In the case of an “inverse ME effect,” one measures the variation in the magnetic induction due to an external ac electric field applied to PZT. A pickup coil wound around the sample is used to measure the ME voltage due to the change in the magnetic induction in Ni. The measured static magnetic-field dependence of ME voltage has been attributed to the variation in the piezomagnetic coefficient for Ni. The frequency dependence of the ME voltage shows a resonance character due to radial acoustic modes in PZT. Theoretical estimates of ME susceptibility are in excellent agreement with values determined from data on induced voltage.

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Im, Chaemin, Geonyoung Kim, Jeseok Bang, Kibum Choi, Soobin An, Ki Jin Han, and Seungyong Hahn. "Mesh Dependency on a Partial Element Equivalent Circuit Model for an NI HTS Coil." IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity 31, no. 5 (August 2021): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tasc.2021.3059814.

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Sakuma, Toshio, and Akihiko Suzuki. "Superelastic Behavior under Cyclic Loading for Coil Spring of Ti-Ni Shape Memory Alloy." MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS 48, no. 3 (2007): 422–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2320/matertrans.48.422.

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Todoroki, Tsunehiko, and Hirokazu Tamura. "Deformation Behavior of a Thermally Cycled Ti-Ni Alloy Coil under an Applied Stress." Journal of the Japan Institute of Metals 50, no. 6 (1986): 538–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2320/jinstmet1952.50.6_538.

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Bi, Hui, Kai Chang Kou, Kostya (Ken) Ostrikov, Lu Ke Yan, Jiao Qiang Zhang, Tie Zheng Ji, and Zhi Chao Wang. "Unconventional Ni–P alloy-catalyzed CVD of carbon coil-like micro- and nano-structures." Materials Chemistry and Physics 116, no. 2-3 (August 2009): 442–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2009.04.001.

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Tanaka, Toshiki, Toshihisa Mizuno, Souhei Fukui, Hidekazu Hiroaki, Jun-ichi Oku, Kenji Kanaori, Kunihiko Tajima, and Masahiro Shirakawa. "Two-Metal Ion, Ni(II) and Cu(II), Binding α-Helical Coiled Coil Peptide." Journal of the American Chemical Society 126, no. 43 (November 2004): 14023–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja047945r.

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Tuheteru, Faisal Danu, Asrianti Arif, Eka Widiastuti, and Ninis Rahmawati. "Serapan Logam Berat oleh Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskula Lokal pada Nauclea orientalis L. dan Potensial untuk Fitoremediasi Tanah Serpentine." Jurnal Ilmu Kehutanan 11, no. 1 (January 9, 2017): 76. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jik.24902.

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Pengaruh fungi mikoriza arbuskula (FMA) lokal terhadap pertumbuhan dan serapan logam tanaman Nauclea orientalis L., telah diteliti. Tanaman ditumbuhkan pada kondisi rumah kaca pada media serpentine soil tanpa dan dengan FMA (Glomus sp., Acaulospora tuberculata, dan campuran) selama 2 bulan. Akar tanaman lonkida terkolonisasi FMA dengan ditemukan struktur FMA berupa hifa internal>hifa eksternal>coil> vesikula>arbuskula. Kolonisasi A. tuberculata dan Glomus sp. signifikan meningkatkan berat kering akar (P<0,01, r=0,810) dan pucuk (P<0,05, r=0,802). N. orientalis memiliki ketergantungan tinggi terhadap inokulasi FMA (MIE>65). Nilai Transpor Faktor (TF) <1 untuk semua logam dengan urutan serapan logam Fe>Mn>Ni>Cr. Glomus sp mengurangi serapan Fe dan Ni akar sebesar 13% dan 3%, secara berturutan. A. tuberculata meningkatkan serapan semua logam. Kemampuan serapan logam berbeda antara jenis FMA.Heavy Metal Uptake by Indigenous Arbuscular Mycorrhizas of Nauclea orientalis L. and the Potential for Phytoremediation of Serpentine SoilAbstractEffect of indigenous arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on growth and metal uptake of Nauclea orientalis L. plants, has been investigated. Plants were grown in greenhouse conditions on serpentine soil media without and with the AMF (Glomus sp., Acaulospora tuberculata, and mix) for two months. Lonkida roots was colonized by AMF because it was found structures of AMF: internal hyphae>external hypae>coil>vesicles>arbuscule. Colonization A. tuberculata and Glomus sp. significantly increased dry weight of root (P<0.01, r=0.810) and shoot (P<0.05, r=0.802). N. orientalis has a high dependence on inoculation of AMF (MIE>65). Transport Factor value (TF) <1 for all metals with metal uptake sequence was Fe>Mn>Ni>Cr. Glomus sp reduced Fe and Ni uptake on roots by 13% and 3%, respectively. A. tuberculata increased the uptake of all metals. Metal uptake ability was difference among types of AMF.

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Assawakawintip, Thanate, Peerapong Santiwong, Anak Khantachawana, Kawin Sipiyaruk, and Rochaya Chintavalakorn. "The Effects of Temperature and Time of Heat Treatment on Thermo-Mechanical Properties of Custom-Made NiTi Orthodontic Closed Coil Springs." Materials 15, no. 9 (April 26, 2022): 3121. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15093121.

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Nickel-Titanium (NiTi) springs have been increasingly used in orthodontics; however, no optimum condition of heat treatment has been reported. Therefore, this research was conducted to determine the optimum heat-treatment temperature and duration for the fabrication of NiTi-closed coil springs by investigating their effects on thermo-mechanical properties. As-drawn straight NiTi wires of 0.2 mm diameter were used to fabricate closed coil springs of 0.9 mm lumen diameter. The springs were heat-treated at three different temperatures (400, 450, and 500 °C) with three different durations (20, 40, and 60 min). Electron Probe Micro-Analysis (EPMA) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) were used to investigate element composition and thermo-mechanical properties, respectively. Custom-made NiTi closed coil springs composed of 49.41%-Ti and 50.57%-Ni by atomic weight, where their DSC curves of 500 °C presented the obvious endothermic and exothermic peaks, and the austenite finish temperature (Af) were approximately 25 °C. With increasing temperature, deactivation curves presented decreased plateau slopes generating higher superelastic ratios (SE ratios). At 500 °C, closed coil springs showed superelastic tendency with lower stress hysteresis. The thermo-mechanical properties were significantly influenced by heat-treatment temperature rather than duration. The optimum parameter appeared to be 500 °C for 40 min to produce appropriate force delivery levels, relatively low plateau slope, and lower hysteresis for orthodontic use.

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Assawakawintip, Thanate, Peerapong Santiwong, Anak Khantachawana, Kawin Sipiyaruk, and Rochaya Chintavalakorn. "The Effects of Temperature and Time of Heat Treatment on Thermo-Mechanical Properties of Custom-Made NiTi Orthodontic Closed Coil Springs." Materials 15, no. 9 (April 26, 2022): 3121. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15093121.

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Nickel-Titanium (NiTi) springs have been increasingly used in orthodontics; however, no optimum condition of heat treatment has been reported. Therefore, this research was conducted to determine the optimum heat-treatment temperature and duration for the fabrication of NiTi-closed coil springs by investigating their effects on thermo-mechanical properties. As-drawn straight NiTi wires of 0.2 mm diameter were used to fabricate closed coil springs of 0.9 mm lumen diameter. The springs were heat-treated at three different temperatures (400, 450, and 500 °C) with three different durations (20, 40, and 60 min). Electron Probe Micro-Analysis (EPMA) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) were used to investigate element composition and thermo-mechanical properties, respectively. Custom-made NiTi closed coil springs composed of 49.41%-Ti and 50.57%-Ni by atomic weight, where their DSC curves of 500 °C presented the obvious endothermic and exothermic peaks, and the austenite finish temperature (Af) were approximately 25 °C. With increasing temperature, deactivation curves presented decreased plateau slopes generating higher superelastic ratios (SE ratios). At 500 °C, closed coil springs showed superelastic tendency with lower stress hysteresis. The thermo-mechanical properties were significantly influenced by heat-treatment temperature rather than duration. The optimum parameter appeared to be 500 °C for 40 min to produce appropriate force delivery levels, relatively low plateau slope, and lower hysteresis for orthodontic use.

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Et. al., D. Sarath Chandra,. "Experimental analysis of heat transfer coefficient in counter flow shell and helical coil tube heat exchanger with hybrid nanofluids to enhance heat transfer rate using in food processing industries." Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education (TURCOMAT) 12, no. 2 (April 11, 2021): 2868–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/turcomat.v12i2.2319.

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The impact of overall heat transfer coefficient and the pressure drop on performance of a counter flow helical tube heat exchanger with Cu-Ni-water hybrid nanofluid are computed. To evaluate heat transfer rate for a mix of base fluid with copper and nickel nanoparticles of volume concentrations 0.02,0.04 and 0.06 are added. To control the sedimentation of nanoparticles in the base fluid Ultrasonication followed by magnetic stirrer method is used. In this work experiments are conducted with to enhance heat transfer rate rather than stability of nanoparticles. Experiments are conducted for different concentrations and coil turns under laminar flow regime. The results are shown that 0.04 % vol of Cu-Ni/H2O with 12 turns is more predominate foe food processing applications due to its consistency in maintaining a constant temperature.

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MALAGOLI, A., G. GRASSO, A. TUMINO, M. MODICA, V. BRACCINI, S. RONCALLO, E. BELLINGERI, C. FERDEGHINI, and A. S. SIRI. "FABRICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF Ni-SHEATHED MgB2 SUPERCONDUCTING TAPES." International Journal of Modern Physics B 17, no. 04n06 (March 10, 2003): 461–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979203016108.

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The preparation route for Nickel-sheathed MgB2 tapes has been studied in order to achieve improved transport properties at temperatures above that of liquid helium. Superconducting tapes have been manufactured by the Powder-In-Tube method, that consists in the cold working of a Nickel tube filled by reacted MgB2 powders, and in a final heat treatment carried out in Argon atmosphere. The could working procedure has been tuned in order to achieve the highest degree of MgB2 density, while limiting the formation of sausaging of the superconducting core cross section. The effect of the final heat treatment has been studied both on the superconducting and microstructural properties of the MgB2 tapes. The critical current of the reacted MgB2 tapes has been measured as a function of the magnetic field and of the temperature on short samples as well as on a small pancake coil. Finally, the microstructural and XRD analyses have revealed the clear presence of a MgB2Ni2.5 reaction layer between the Nickel sheath and the Nickel sheath and the MgB2 superconducting core in the reacted samples.

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Grassi, Estephanie Nobre Dantas, Henrique Martinni Ramos de Oliveira, Carlos José de Araujo, and Walman Benício de Castro. "Effect of Heat Treatments on the Thermomechanical Behaviour of Ni-Ti Superelastic Mini Coil Springs." MATEC Web of Conferences 33 (2015): 03004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/20153303004.

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34

MITA, Toshihiro, Masaaki MISUMI, and Masafumi OHKUBO. "Crack Growth Behavior in Ti-Ni SMA Coil Spring under Cyclic Thermal and Extension Fatigue." Transactions of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers Series A 64, no. 618 (1998): 278–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/kikaia.64.278.

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35

Lee, H. Y., Y. M. Kim, W. S. Jung, J. G. Han, J. H. Kim, and E. H. Bae. "Synthesis of WC–Ni films using an arc ion plating system with attached solenoid coil." Surface and Coatings Technology 193, no. 1-3 (April 2005): 303–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2004.07.018.

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36

Suzuki, Akihiko, Takahiro Nohara, Hideo Shibutani, Takaei Yamamoto, Toshio Sakuma, and Hidenari Baba. "Deformation Analysis for Coil Spring of Ti-Ni Shape Memory Alloy in the Superelastic Regime." Transactions of the Materials Research Society of Japan 32, no. 3 (2007): 643–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.14723/tmrsj.32.643.

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37

Ma, Yanfeng, Qingsheng Hao, and Ailin Zhong. "Chemical Characteristics of Coil Heavy Metal Elements and Ecological Security Risks Caused by Fertilization." Journal of Chemistry 2022 (August 17, 2022): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/4211602.

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In order to investigate the effects of fertilization on soil chemical characteristics and ecological security, the chemical characteristics and ecological security risk analysis of heavy metal elements in a certain soil caused by fertilization were proposed. The contents of Ni, V, Cr, As, Cd, Pb, Zn, and Hg in 1,065 surface soil samples collected in a district of a city in the southwest agricultural area were tested and analyzed. Multivariate statistical analysis and spatial analysis were used to clarify the geochemical distribution characteristics of these heavy metals, and the possible main sources were also discussed. The results showed that the eight heavy metals could be divided into three categories. The first category included Ni, V, Cr, and As, whose content was lower than the background value in Beijing. And the distribution was mainly affected by natural factors such as parent materials of soil formation. The second category included Cd, Pb, and Zn, whose average content was higher than the background value. And the content was the highest in residential areas. In addition to the parent material inherited from the soil, the distribution characteristics of these elements were greatly affected by human activities. And Cd was significantly more affected by human activities than Pb and Zn. The third category included Hg, and it was inferred that atmospheric deposition was the main factor affecting the distribution of Hg. It was concluded that the Hakanson method was used to evaluate the ecological risk of heavy metals in soil, and the results showed that the potential ecological risk index was low in the area.

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BI, HUI, KAICHANG KOU, YONGBAI YIN, KOSTYA (KEN) OSTRIKOV, and ZONGWEN LIU. "SYNTHESIS, MECHANICAL AND ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES OF CARBON MICROCOILS AND NANOCOILS." Functional Materials Letters 03, no. 04 (December 2010): 263–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s179360471000138x.

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The results on the synthesis, mechanical and electrical properties of carbon microcoils and nanocoils (CMCs, CNCs) synthesized using catalytic CVD and Ni–P and Co–P catalyst alloys, respectively, are reported. SEM analysis reveals that the CMCs and CNCs have unique helical morphologies, and diameters of 5.0–9.0 μm and 450–550 nm, respectively. Moreover, CMCs with flat cross-section can be stretched to 3 times their original coil lengths. Current–voltage characteristics of a single microcoil have also been obtained. It is found that the CMCs have the electrical conductivity between 100 and 160 S/cm, whereas the electrical resistance increases by about 20% during the coil extension. Besides, the microcoils can produce light in vacuum when the test voltage reaches 10 V. The emission intensity increases as the voltage increases. The mechanical and electrical properties of CMCs and CNC make them potentially useful in many applications in micromagnetic sensors, mechanical microsprings and optoelectronics.

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Hyun, Soong Keun, Teruyuki Ikeda, and Hideo Nakajima. "Fabrication of Lotus-Type Porous Ni-(15, 28 and 31) at.% Al Alloys by Unidirectional Solidification in Hydrogen Atmosphere." Materials Science Forum 544-545 (May 2007): 323–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.544-545.323.

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Lotus-type porous Ni- (15, 28 and 31) at.% Al alloys whose long cylindrical pores are aligned in one direction were fabricated by continuous zone melting technique under high-pressure gas of hydrogen of 2.5 MPa. A part of 5-10 mm in length of the rod in the vicinity of the coil was melted by high frequency induction heating, and was moved downwards by electric motors at a constant velocity of 330 μms-1 to 500 μms-1 for unidirectional solidification. The pores are formed as a result of precipitation from the supersaturated hydrogen gas when the liquid metals dissolved with gas atoms is solidified. The porosity and the pore size decrease with increasing aluminum content. An increase of solidification velocity from 330 μms-1 to 500 μms-1 leads to a decrease of pore diameter and an increase of pore number in the porous Ni-28at%Al.

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40

Chaudhari, Prabhat Kumar, Edlira Zere, and Kelly Kathering Achachao Almerco. "Chair-Side Fabricated Single Activation Nickel-Titanium (Ni-Ti) Closed-Coil Spring Assisted Attachment for Impacted Teeth Traction." Journal of Indian Orthodontic Society 54, no. 1 (January 2020): 58–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0301574219883862.

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One of the most suitable procedures in orthodontics for the management of impacted teeth is the orthodontic traction. Using a bonded accessory and an orthodontic force to pull the canine to its correct position requires multiple activations, which has often shown to be one of the main reasons for failure. A simple chair-side fabrication technique using nickel-titanium closed-coil spring-assisted attachment for precisely orthodontic traction of impacted teeth is presented.

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A/L Krishna, Preshant, Aravind CV, Aminath Saadha, and F. Azhar. "Force Characteristics Analysis for Linear Machine with DC Field Excitations." MATEC Web of Conferences 152 (2018): 03005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201815203005.

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In urban regions and particularly in developing countries such as Malaysia with its ever-growing transport sector, there is the need for energy efficient systems. In urban railway systems there is a requirement of frequent braking and start/stop motion, and energy is lost during these processes. To improve the issues of the conventional braking systems, particularly in Japan, they have introduced linear induction motor techniques. The drawbacks of this method, however, is the use of permanent magnets, which not only increase the weight of the entire system but also increases magnetic cogging. Hence an alternative is required which uses the same principles as Magnetic-Levitation but using a magnet-less system. Therefore, the objective of this research is to propose an electromagnetic rail brake system and to analyze the effect of replacing permanent magnets with a magnet-less braking systems to produce a significant amount of brake thrust as compared with the permanent magnet system. The modeling and performance analysis of the model is done using Finite Element Analysis (FEA). The mechanical aspects of the model are designed on Solidworks and then imported to JMAG Software to proceed with the electro-magnetic analysis of the model. There are 3 models developed: Base Model (steel), Permanent Magnet (PM) Model and DC Coil Model. The performance of the proposed 2D models developed is evaluated in terms of average force produced and motor constant square density. By comparing the values for the 3 models for the same case of 9A current supplied for a 0.1mm/s moving velocity, the base model, permanent magnet model and DC coil model produced an average force of 7.78 N, 7.55 N, and 8.34 N respectively, however, with increase in DC current supplied to the DC coil model, the average force produced is increased to 13.32 N. Thus, the advantage of the DC coil (magnet-less) model, is, that the force produced can be controlled by varying the number of turns in the coil (N) or the current supply to the coil (I) given by the which is the simple principles of a solenoid: Force(mmf)=NI.

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Tumurbaatar, Batgerel, Chan-Hee Park, Jun Hee Lee, and Cheol Sang Kim. "Controls of Trajectories for Targeting of Magnetic Robotics in body." Embedded Selforganising Systems 4, no. 1 (December 7, 2017): 2–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.14464/ess41197.

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This paper presents a novel method to actively control magnetic field in a region-of-interest using three pairs electromagnetic coils system referred to here as extended distributed treatment Robotics. The developed controls of trajectories for targeting of magnetic robotics in body system contains hardware, software and magnetic Robotics/nanoscale material and the in vitro manipulation in real time. In this study, we used six identical solenoids coil placed on an XYZ-axis and the electromagnet was powered by current that can generate a high-gradient magnetic field in the desired direction. Real-time video microscopy supported by the LabVIEW vision system is integrated into the developed system for real-time monitoring. Moreover, the detection of object function is done through NI Vision Assistant, tracking function is through Math Script node in the LabVIEW simulation and ROI magnetic field actual measurement is done by the real-time magnetic sensor. The motion speed and direction of the Magnetic Robotics can also be manipulated using EMM system and Joystick controller.

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Niskanen, Antti J., and Ilkka Laitinen. "Design and Simulation of a Magnetic Shape Memory (MSM) Alloy Energy Harvester." Advances in Science and Technology 78 (September 2012): 58–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.78.58.

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We present the simulation and development of a vibration energy harvester based on an active element made of Ni-Mn-Ga Magnetic Shape Memory (MSM) alloy. As the MSM element is subjected to mechanical stress within an external magnetic field, its magnetization changes in proportion to its length, facilitating energy generation in a pick-up coil. Whereas conventional piezo and magnetostrictive devices operate with small (sub-millimeter) stroke at high frequencies (kHz range), the MSM harvester is best suited to longer (millimeter range) stroke at a low frequency (100 Hz or below). Power output of 20 mW has been demonstrated with the prototype device operating at 45 Hz.

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Namdev, Ritu, Bindu Kadian, and Natasha Saini. "Unilateral Mandibular Space Regaining with Modified Lingual Arch and Ni–Ti Open-coil Spring: A Case Report." Journal of South Asian Association of Pediatric Dentistry 3, no. 1 (2020): 27–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10077-3037.

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45

Noguchi, So, Katsutoshi Monma, Hajime Igarashi, and Atsushi Ishiyama. "Investigation of Current Flow Between Turns of NI REBCO Pancake Coil by 2-D Finite-Element Method." IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity 26, no. 3 (April 2016): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tasc.2016.2536945.

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Shayanfard, Pejman, Pavel Šandera, Jana Horníková, Jindrich Petruška, Petr Šittner, and Jaroslav Pokluda. "Ni-Ti Self-Expanding Vascular Stent Configuration and Biomedical Interaction with Artery: Finite Element Analysis." Solid State Phenomena 258 (December 2016): 366–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.258.366.

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In spite of the fact that the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved Intracoil and s.m.a.r.t Nitinol stents for superficial femoral artery (SFA), some alternative designs of Nitinol stents are being implanted today, representing the off-label use of the devices. Among the currently stents used for the SFA, s.m.a.r.t and Intracoil stents show the most desirable long-term results but it is not understood why. In the present work, delivery of the s.m.a.r.t and Intracoil Nitinol stents and their release inside a stenotic point of the artery was simulated by FE implemented SMA model using a creative manual controlled method. The influence of the stent design on the stent–vessel interactions and stress state within the stent material after completion of the deployment was revealed. It was found that the Intracoil stent shall be more successful in eliminating the stenosis and less prone to fatigue failure, even though it had less thickness and less mean coil diameter.

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Chen, Jie, Jin Fang, Yan Zhang, Yue Wu, and Haiyang Wang. "Investigation and Analysis of Voltage By Wavelet Denoising Algorithm for HTS NI Coil Excited by Rotating Flux Pump." IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity 31, no. 8 (November 2021): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tasc.2021.3116535.

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Yamada, Makoto, Toshio Sakuma, Uichi Iwata, Yasuo Ochi, and Takashi Matsumura. "K-0403 Properties of Ti-Ni Shape Memory Alloy Coil Spring on Loading-Unloading Cycles under Fixed Temperature." Proceedings of the JSME annual meeting I.01.1 (2001): 85–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemecjo.i.01.1.0_85.

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Sarris, Stamatis, Manjunath Patil, Kim Verbeken, Marie-Françoise Reyniers, and Kevin Van Geem. "Effect of Long-Term High Temperature Oxidation on the Coking Behavior of Ni-Cr Superalloys." Materials 11, no. 10 (October 4, 2018): 1899. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma11101899.

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The service time of an industrial cracker is strongly dependent on the long-term coking behavior and microstructure stability of the reactor coil alloy. Super alloys are known to withstand temperatures up to even 1400 K. In this work, several commercially available alloys have been first exposed to a long term oxidation at 1423 K for 500 h, so-called metallurgic aging. Subsequently, their coking behavior was evaluated in situ in a thermogravimetric setup under ethane steam cracking conditions (Tgasphase = 1173 K, Ptot = 0.1 MPa, XC2H6 = 70%, continuous addition of 41 ppmw S/HC of DMDS, dilution δ = 0.33 kgH2O/kgHC) and compared with their unaged coking behavior. The tested samples were also examined using scanning electron microscopy and energy diffractive X-ray for surface and cross-section analysis. The alloys characterized by increased Cr-Ni content or the addition of Al showed improved stability against bulk oxidation and anti-coking behavior after application of metallurgic aging due to the formation of more stable oxides on the top surface.

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Yoon, Jonghoon, Uijong Bong, Jung Tae Lee, Seokwon Jung, and Seungyoung Hahn. "Investigation on Time-Varying Behavior of NI HTS Field Coil for Synchronous Motors Considering Armature Reaction and Slotting Effect." IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity 32, no. 6 (September 2022): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tasc.2022.3160685.

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Journal articles on the topic 'NI Coil'

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