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Journal articles on the topic 'Ni-based super-alloys'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 28 January 2023

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1

Phillips, PJ, M. De Graef, and MJ Mills. "STEM Stacking Fault Analysis in Ni-based Super Alloys." Microscopy and Microanalysis 16, S2 (July 2010): 746–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927610054607.

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2

Onuki, Jin, Masayasu Nihei, Takao Funamoto, Hiroyuki Doi, and Yutaka Fukui. "Joining of Oxide Dispersion Strengthened Ni Based Super Alloys." MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS 42, no. 2 (2001): 365–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.2320/matertrans.42.365.

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3

OKI, Sachio, Hiroki TOKUMARU, Naotaka KUROYANAGI, Yasuyuki KANENO, and Takayuki TAKASUGI. "OS1804 Plasma spray coatings of Ni-based super-super alloys and their properties." Proceedings of the Materials and Mechanics Conference 2014 (2014): _OS1804–1_—_OS1804–2_. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemm.2014._os1804-1_.

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4

LIANG, X. H., K. S. ZHOU, M. LIU, R. J. HONG, C. G. DENG, S. LUO, and Z. K. CHEN. "MICROSTRUCTURE AND OXIDATION RESISTANCE OF NiCoCrAlYTa COATING BY LOW PRESSURE PLASMA SPRAYING." Surface Review and Letters 16, no. 03 (June 2009): 375–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218625x09012743.

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The NiCoCrAlYTa coating was prepared on Ni -based single crystal super-alloys by low pressure plasma spraying (LPPS). The phases and microstructures for the coatings were characterized by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy, and the fracture toughness and micro-hardness for both coatings and substrate were also investigated. The relationship between coating properties and oxidation was analyzed. The result shows that elementary distribution of NiCoCrAlYTa coatings, which consists of γ- Ni , β- NiAl , γ'- Ni 3 Al , and CrCoTa phases, is much homogeneous. The composition changes with depth from the surface to substrate for the coatings. The micro-hardness of coatings is 350.8 HV0.3 and fracture toughness is 2.73 MPa m1/2. The oxidation resistance of coatings excelled than Ni -based single crystal super-alloys.

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5

S. Kawate, Saurabh, Chethan K N, Laxmikant G Keni, Anand Pai, and Padmaraj N H. "Innovations and recent trends in Shape Memory Alloy: a review." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 4 (September 16, 2018): 2172. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.11445.

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Smart materials are materials, which have a definite response to stimulus provided through a change in pressure, temperature and termed as shape memory alloys (SMA). In this review, the general concept of SMA’s has been discussed along with shape memory effects. Shape memory material properties depend on phase shifting phenomena, which consist of pseudoelasticity and thermoelasticity. The basic SMA such as Ni-Ti (Nickel-Titanium) alloys, Copper (Cu) based SMA, Iron (Fe) based SMA are commonly used in the industry, Ni-Ti alloys are expensive but it has good super elasticity and superior mechanical properties. Cu and Fe based are economical as compared to the Ni-Ti alloys. The various fabrication techniques and common composition of the alloys have been discussed with in detail.

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6

Yamauchi, Akira, Kenta Ida, Masahito Fukuda, and Takuma Yamaguchi. "Tensile Properties of Sn-Bi Lead-Free Solder Alloys." Solid State Phenomena 273 (April 2018): 72–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.273.72.

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The Influence of alloy composition on tensile properties of Sn-Bi, Sn-Bi-Cu and Sn-Bi-Ni lead-free solder alloys were investigated. It is found that the elongation of Sn-Bi alloys depend on Bi content, and Sn-40wt% Bi alloy has the highest elongation. The addition of Cu and Ni improves the ductility of Sn 35-45wt% Bi alloys. The fine microstructure of Sn-Bi-Cu or Ni alloys have an effect on the ductility of Sn-Bi based alloys. The elongation increases with decreasing strain rate and increasing temperature. Cu and Ni added to Sn-Bi alloy showed the super plasticity behavior at low strain rate and high temperature (more than 333 K). Moreover, strain rate sensitivity ‘m’ increases with temperature.

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7

Ferasat, Keyvan, Thomas D. Swinburne, Peyman Saidi, Mark R. Daymond, Zhongwen Yao, and Laurent Karim Béland. "Interstitialcy-based reordering kinetics of Ni3Al precipitates in irradiated Ni-based super alloys." Materialia 19 (September 2021): 101180. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mtla.2021.101180.

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8

Kun, Krisztián, János Kodácsy, Dániel Vaczkó, and Zsolt Ferenc Kovács. "Machinability of Ni-based Superalloys by Indexable End Mills." Acta Materialia Transylvanica 2, no. 1 (April 1, 2019): 49–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.33924/amt-2019-01-08.

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Abstract The subject of this research is the machining of Ni-based super alloys using indexable end mills. The cutting ability of these materials is known to be difficult, even challenging with modern tools, so our goal is to create an efficient technology recommendation on an experimental basis. To this end, we have developed an experimental design from which results are used to determine the optimal technological parameters. This research took place at John Von Neumann University, Department of Vehicle Technology of GAMF Faculty.

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9

Nursoy, Mustafa, Mehmet Yaz, and Halis Celik. "Hardfacing behavior of Cr–Ni stainless steel with Co-based super alloys." International Journal of Materials Research 99, no. 11 (November 2008): 1285–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/146.101765.

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10

Outlaw, R. A., S. Rezaie-Serej, W. P. Allen, and R. M. Latanision. "Desulfurization of Ni-based super alloys by combined heating and glow discharge." Scripta Materialia 34, no. 8 (April 1996): 1315–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/1359-6462(95)00666-4.

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11

Buzdugan, Ramona Monica, Nicolae Farbas, and Corneliu Marius Crăciunescu. "Failure Analysis of Ni Based Superalloys Welded Joints." Advanced Materials Research 1111 (July 2015): 240–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1111.240.

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Ni-based super alloys are used in a wide field of applications like chemical, nuclear, petrochemical and furnace industries, where extreme temperatures, mechanical stresses and corrosive environments are encountered. The paper presents the failure analysis of an assembly used in a petrochemical plant after 40000 functioning hours at high temperatures. The assembly is composed of a catalyst tube made of KHR 35CT and a weldolet made of INCOLOY 800HT welded by GTAW process using INCONNEL 82 as filler material. SEM and EDX analysis were carried out and it was found that the fracture occurred by the weldolet detachment, following the fusion zone. The fracture surface presents grain boundaries precipitations and no major plastic deformations.

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12

Zhang, Qing Quan, Ming Yang Li, Ran Wei, Hui Yun Wu, and Zhen Rui Li. "Research on Effect of Alloy Elements on Equilibrium and Properties of Ni-Cr-Co Type Nickel-Based Superalloy." Materials Science Forum 849 (March 2016): 513–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.849.513.

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Ni-Cr-Co type Nickel-based super alloy Inconel 740H was studied. The effect of Nb, Al and Ti on the equilibrium of this alloy was analyzed by JMatPro software. The amount of Ti and Nb should be controlled by 1.50wt.%, and meanwhile, Al should be 1.0-2.0wt.%. If Mo and W were added the amount of Mo should be in the range of 1.0-2.0wt. %, and W should be about 1.0wt.%. Based on these results, three types of new alloys were designed, which contain Ni-Cr-Co-Mo type (1#), Ni-Cr-Co-W type (2#) and Ni-Cr-Co-Mo-W type (3#). Compared with the Ni-Cr-Co type Inconel 740H alloy, the room temperature strength, high temperature strength and high temperature durable performance of the three new alloys improved, which can provide the evidence and reference to optimize the chemical composition of Inconel 740H alloy, i.e., adding 1.50wt.% Mo and 1.0wt.% W individually or together.

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13

Ekinci, N., F. I. El-Agawany, K. A. Mahmoud, A. Karabulut, Bunyamin Aygün, E. Yousef, and Y. S. Rammah. "Synthesis, physical properties, and gamma–ray shielding capacity of different Ni-based super alloys." Radiation Physics and Chemistry 186 (September 2021): 109483. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.radphyschem.2021.109483.

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14

N, Dr Nripjit, and Sunil Kumar. "A Case Study on Ni based Super Alloys Ageing for Improvement of its Properties." IARJSET 2, no. 8 (September 20, 2015): 51–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.17148/iarjset.2015.2910.

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15

Ravibharath, R., K. Devakumaran, and V. Muthupandi. "Studies on Susceptibility of Alloy 617 to Solidification Cracking." Materials Science Forum 969 (August 2019): 34–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.969.34.

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Ni based super alloy 617 is widely used in transition liners in both aircraft and land-based gas turbines, power plant applications because of its high temperature strength, oxidation resistance and creep properties. Ni based alloys are highly susceptible to hot cracking like solidification and liquation racking issues. In this present work, the susceptibility of alloy 617 to solidification cracking is studied based on the varestraint test. Results of this weldability test proved that in addition to the solidification cracking susceptibility alloy 617 is prone to liquation cracking also. Keywords: Varestraint test, Alloy 617, Solidification cracking, Liquidation cracking.

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16

Sobetkii, Arcadii, Laurentiu Mosinoiu, Alexandru Paraschiv, Mircea Corban, Radu R. Piticescu, and Gheorghe Matache. "Microstructural aspects of the protective ceramic coatings applied on the surfaces of refractory alloys produced by additive manufacturing." Manufacturing Review 7 (2020): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/mfreview/2020031.

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The possibility of depositing multi layers made of metals/alloys and high temperature ceramics by electron beam physical evaporation process under high vacuum (EB-PVD) on the surface of a parallelepiped sample made by selective laser melting (SLM) from a Ni base refractory super alloy was experimentally tested. The SEM-EDAX micro structural analysis revealed the morphology and thickness of the coatings consisting of a NiCrAlY base alloy as bonding layer and three successive YSZ, LZO and GZO ceramic layers on the Ni-based super alloy substrate obtained by additive manufacturing. The adhesion of the layer deposited was evaluated by the scratch test method. The analysis highlighted the importance of pre-preparing the surface of the additive manufactured substrates, in order to control the adhesion and uniformity of the deposited layers.

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17

Derardja, Akila. "Anisotropic Elastic Distortions of a Buried Dissociated Hexagonal Network of Dislocations in a Nickel Based Super Alloys." Advanced Materials Research 83-86 (December 2009): 289–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.83-86.289.

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Nickel based super alloys are promising materials for high temperature structural applications because of their low density. The single grain super alloys are extremely creep resistant at high temperature, due to the fraction of Ni3Al based ' precipitates coherent with a Ni based  matrix [1, 3]. The cuboids group together and form semi-coherent interfaces after a long annealing at high temperature. The ' precipitate growths in nickel base super alloys often favor the parallelism of (111) planes between cubic dissimilar crystals [4]. In consequences, a hexagonal network of dislocations, that covers the hetero-interphase, is arranged by accommodation of the angular misfit between two semi coherent crystals ( ). In this work, the magnitude of the distortions is simulated as arising from a trigonal network of subsurface misfit dislocations partly dissociated in Shockley dislocations limiting intrinsic and /or extrinsic stacking faults. The results derived from a previous explicit formulation using double Fourier series [5]. Each harmonic term of the series depends on the anisotropic elastic constants and the thickness of each phase. The program built is in a double precision Fortran language and it shows the magnitude and the aspect of the distortions of the free surfaces when the dissociation change in the hetero-interphase. Also, the program has the advantage to fully apply to hetero-epitaxial systems, whatever is the thickness of the free surfaces.

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18

Povarova, K. B., and O. A. Skachkov. "Preparation, Structure, and Properties of Ni₃Al and NiAl Light Powder Alloys for Aerospace." Materials Science Forum 534-536 (January 2007): 1585–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.534-536.1585.

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New light super-heat-resistant powder Ni3Al and NiAl-based alloys (of the Ni-Al-Mo-B, Ni-Al-Fe-La, and Ni-Al-Y2O3 systems), as well as a new technology for preparing and processing them have been developed. The density of the alloys was 7.3-7.5 and ~6 g/cm 3, respectively. The Ni3Al sheets were used to prepare shields for combustion chambers in gas-turbine engines by roomtemperature deformation; the shields are intended for the long-term operation at 1100-1200°C and for the short-term use at 1300°C. The activated NiAl powders alloyed with Fe+La were used to produce sintered complex-shape articles, such as combustion stabilizers in a jet unit of combustion chamber of the gas-turbine installation, heat sources, etc. capable of operating at t≤1500°C under low mechanical stresses. At 1100, 1300, and 1500°C, the 100-h strength of the heat-resistant NiAl- (2-7.5) vol. % Y2O3 alloys subjected to directional recrystallization is 70, 35 and ≥10 MPa, respectively. The vanes, in which the length of recrystallized grain is smaller than the vane length by a factor of 1.5-2, were manufactured from these alloys.

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19

Itoh, Y., and M. Tamura. "Reaction Diffusion Behaviors for Interface Between Ni-Based Super Alloys and Vacuum Plasma Sprayed MCrAlY Coatings." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 121, no. 3 (July 1, 1999): 476–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2818497.

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The object of this study is overlay coatings of MCrAlY alloy sprayed by a vacuum plasma spray (VPS) process for the protection against high-temperature corrosion and oxidation in the field of gas turbine components. Reaction diffusion behaviors at the interface between the MCrAlY coatings and the substrate, which have an important effect on coating degradation, have not always been clarified. Three kinds of substrate, equiaxis IN738LC, directional solidified CM247LC and single-crystal CMSX-2, and the four kinds of vacuum plasma sprayed MCrAlY coating have been selected for these experiments. The experimental results showed that the reaction diffusion layers consisted of aluminum compound layer and aluminum depleted layer, excepting that the aluminum depleted layer could not be observed in the case of CoNiCrAlY and NiCoCrAlY coatings. It also indicated that the diffusion thickness could be observed to follow a parabolic time dependence. The order of reaction diffusion rate was NiCrAlY > CoCrAlY > CoNiCrAlY > NiCoCrAlY independent of the substrates. A convenient computer-aided system was developed for analyzing the reaction diffusion behaviors at the interface between coating and substrate. It was also clear that the estimated results of long time diffusion behaviors by simulation analysis was in good agreement with experiments.

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20

Kamalan Kirubaharan, A. M., A. Anderson, M. Rajasekaramoorthy, S. Durgaprasad, and P. M. Manjuvardhan. "Corrosion behaviour of multi-layered plasma sprayed Gd2O3 doped YSZ coating on Ni based super alloys." Materials Today: Proceedings 33 (2020): 1107–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2020.07.153.

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21

Cao, Peng Jun, Ji Ling Dong, Hai Dong Wu, and Pei Geng Fan. "Preparation and Corrosion Resistance of Cu-Based Bulk Glassy Alloys." Advanced Materials Research 652-654 (January 2013): 1143–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.652-654.1143.

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The Cu-based bulk glassy alloys in Cu-Zr-Ti-Ni systems were prepared by means of copper mold casting. The structure and corrosion resistance of Cu-based bulk glassy alloys were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), electrochemistry method, lost weight method. The result indicates the supercooled liquid temperature interval (ΔTx) is up to 70.98 K for Cu50Zr25Ti15Ni10bulk glassy alloy. The maximum diameter was up to 5.0 mm for the Cu55Zr25Ti15Ni5bulk glassy alloy. For electrochemistry corrosion in 3.5% NaCl solution, self-corrosion electric current density of the Cu50Zr25Ti15Ni10bulk glassy alloys is obviously lower than that of stainless steel and brass, so corrosion resistance of Cu-based bulk glassy alloys is better than stainless steel and brass at the same corrosion condition. The lost weight method showed that the corrosion rate of brass, stainless steel and glassy alloy is respectively 10.08 g/(m2•h), 6.08 g/(m2•h) and 2.19 g/(m2•h) in the 3% NaCl solution, which also indicates that the corrosion resistance of Cu-based bulk glassy alloys is better than stainless steel and brass. The Cu-based bulk glassy alloys can be used in the special field demanding to have the super high strength, hardness and corrosion resistance.

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22

Yao, Hanxin, Jianxin Dong, Zhihua Gong, Jiqing Zhao, and Gang Yang. "Influence of Replacing Molybdenum with Tungsten on the Creep Fracture Property of Waspaloy Nickel-Based Alloy." Metals 12, no. 11 (October 28, 2022): 1842. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met12111842.

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Alloys meeting the requirements of “700 °C and above” advanced ultra-super-critical technology, with higher thermal efficiency, have been developed in recent years. Here, a new wrought Ni-based superalloy with excellent high-temperature creep strength based on Waspaloy has been developed and is proposed as a candidate material for application in 700 °C class advanced ultra-super-critical steam turbine blades. In this new alloy, the Molybdenum (Mo) in Waspaloy is partially replaced by Tungsten (W). Creep tests have shown that this new Ni-based alloy has a 70 MPa higher creep-rupture strength than that of Waspaloy at 700 °C by extrapolating the experimental data. Detailed creep-rupture mechanisms have been analyzed by means of scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and chemical phase analysis with a view to devising potential approaches for performance improvements. The results showed that the partial replacement of Mo by W had negligible effect on the composition of carbides precipitated in the alloy. Instead, the amount of the γ′ phase was significantly increased, and mismatch between the γ and γ′ phases was reduced. In this way, the stability of the γ′ phase was increased, its coarsening rate was reduced, and its critical shear stress was increased. As a result, the high-temperature creep-fracture strength of the new alloy was increased.

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23

Selverian, J. H., D. A. O’Neil, and S. Kang. "Performance Testing and Strength Prediction of Ceramic-to-Metal Joints." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 116, no. 3 (July 1, 1994): 622–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2906865.

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Brazed joints were made between silicon nitride and Ni-based and Fe-based super alloys. Room temperature shear (torsion) strengths ranged from 75-242 MPa for Si3N4-to-Incoloy 909 joints and from 30-127 MPa for the Si3N4-to-Inconel 718 joints. At 500°C the joint strength was 120 MPa while at 650°C and 950°C the joint strengths were less than 20 MPa. These low strengths at 650°C and 950°C were attributed to a reduction in the shrink-fit and to low braze strength at these high temperatures. Finite element analysis (FEA) and a probabilistic failure theory (CARES) were used to predict the joint strengths. The predicted joint strengths agreed well with measured joint strengths in torsional loading at 20°C. Torsion tests were also performed at 650°C. Aspects of the material systems, residual stresses, mechanical behavior, and strength predictions and presented. Two new braze alloys based on the Au-Ni-Cr-Fe system were used to overcome the poor high-temperature strength. Joints made with these brazes had good strength (85 MPa and 35 N-m) at 650°C.

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24

Gope, Prakash Chandra, and Chetan Singh Mahar. "Evaluation of fatigue damage parameters for Ni‐based super alloys Inconel 825 steel notched specimen using stochastic approach." Fatigue & Fracture of Engineering Materials & Structures 44, no. 2 (October 25, 2020): 427–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ffe.13369.

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25

Kamaraj, M., and V. M. Radhakrishnan. "First Report on the Deformation Mechanism Mapping of First and Second Generation Ni-Based Single Crystal Super Alloys." Transactions of the Indian Institute of Metals 70, no. 10 (April 8, 2017): 2485–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12666-017-1120-z.

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26

Donchev, Alexander, M. Galetz, and M. Schütze. "Effective Fluorine Treatment for Improved High Temperature Oxidation Behavior of Novel Cu, Mo and Si Containing TiAl-Alloys." Materials Science Forum 783-786 (May 2014): 1117–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.783-786.1117.

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Intermetallic light weight TiAl-alloys are expected to replace the heavy Ni-based super alloys in several high temperature applications. However until now they cannot be used at temperatures above 700°C for longer times due to their insufficient oxidation resistance. The high temperature oxidation behavior can be improved drastically for the use at temperatures up to at least 1050°C by small amounts of fluorine in the surface region of TiAl-components. A thin protective alumina layer is formed after an optimized fluorine treatment during exposure in oxidizing high temperature environments. Results of isothermal and thermocyclic high temperature oxidation tests of untreated and halogen treated TiAl-samples of new types of TiAl-alloys containing Mo, Cu and Si will be presented in this paper. These results will be compared and discussed considering the beneficial effect of fluorine for a later use as e.g. turbine blades in jet engines. Key words: Titanium aluminides, high temperature oxidation, halogen effect,

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27

Aygün, Bünyamin. "Neutron and gamma radiation shielding Ni based new type super alloys development and production by Monte Carlo Simulation technique." Radiation Physics and Chemistry 188 (November 2021): 109630. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.radphyschem.2021.109630.

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28

Liu, Jingjing, Shumin Han, Yuan Li, Junling Zhang, Yumeng Zhao, and Linda Che. "Effect of crystal transformation on electrochemical characteristics of La–Mg–Ni-based alloys with A2B7-type super-stacking structures." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 38, no. 34 (November 2013): 14903–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2013.09.049.

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29

Zhang, Lu, Shengbiao Cao, Yuan Li, Yumeng Zhao, Wenkai Du, Yanqiao Ding, and Shumin Han. "Effect of Nd on Subunits Structure and Electrochemical Properties of Super-Stacking PuNi3-Type La–Mg–Ni-Based Alloys." Journal of The Electrochemical Society 162, no. 10 (2015): A2218—A2226. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/2.0981510jes.

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30

Katori, Hiroaki, Masayuki Arai, and Kiyohiro Ito. "Comprehensive Numerical Simulation of Stress and Damage Fields under Thermo-Mechanical Loading for TBC-Coated Ni-Based Superalloy." Key Engineering Materials 774 (August 2018): 137–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.774.137.

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A finite element analysis code was developed to accurately predict stress and damage fields in thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) systems subjected to thermo-mechanical loadings. An inelastic constitutive equation for TBCs, and a Chaboche-type viscoplastic constitutive equation for Ni-based super alloys (IN738LC) were employed to simulate high temperature creep and cyclic deformation. Simulations of the TBC/IN738LC system subjected to two types of loading, namely, a triangle-wave loading and a GT-operation loading, were performed using the developed analysis code. The results confirmed that the stress and damage fields in the TBC/IN738LC system could be simulated accurately, and provided us with credible results regarding the crack occurrence. Additionally, the analysis under the GT-operation loading conditions revealed that a peak stress generated during the start-up operation would lead to delamination of the TBC, while a peak stress at the shut-down would lead to cracking in the substrate.

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31

SATO, Hirofumi, Takamichi TOKUNAGA, Yoichi TAKEDA, Fumio SATO, and Akio OHJI. "126 Influence of the Grain Boundary Oxidation on Crack Growth Behavior of Ni-Based Super Alloys in High Temperature Steam." Proceedings of Conference of Tohoku Branch 2011.46 (2011): 56–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmeth.2011.46.56.

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32

Sharma, Sahil, Umesh Kumar Vates, and Amit Bansal. "Optimization of machining characteristics for EDM of different nickel-based alloys by embodying of fuzzy, grey relational and Taguchi technique." World Journal of Engineering 18, no. 1 (October 19, 2020): 23–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/wje-07-2020-0262.

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Purpose In the current exploration, the machinability of three different nickel-based super-alloy materials (Inconel 625, Inconel 718 and Nimonic 90) was experimentally investigated by using a die-sinking electrical discharge machining (EDM). The effect of changing important input process parameters such as pulse on time (Ton), off time (Toff), peak current (Ip) and tool rotation (TR) was investigated to get optimum machining characteristics such as material removal rate, roughness, electrode wear rate and overcut. Design/methodology/approach Experimentation has been performed by using Taguchi L9 orthogonal design. An integrated route of fuzzy and grey relational analysis approach with Taguchi’s philosophy has been intended for the simultaneous optimization of machining output parameters. Findings The most approbatory factors for machining setting have been attained as: (Ton = 100 µs, Toff = 25 µs, Ip = 14 A, TR = 725 rpm) for machining of Inconel 625 and Inconel 718; and (Ton = 100 µs, Toff = 75 µs, Ip = 14 A, TR = 925 rpm) for machining of the Nimonic 90 material. Peak current has been observed as an overall influencing factor to achieve better machining process. Microstructural study through SEM has also been carried out to figure out the surface morphology for the EDMed Ni-based super alloys. Originality/value The proposed machining variables and methodology has never been presented for Nimonic 90 alloy on die-sinking EDM.

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33

Dong, Chao, Jingui Yu, Liang Xu, Zhaohui Xia, and Qiaoxin Zhang. "Tension–compression asymmetry of bilayer Ni/Ni3Al affected by dislocation formation–decomposition and twinning size." Materials Express 10, no. 2 (February 1, 2020): 165–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/mex.2020.1631.

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Molecular dynamics simulations were used to study the tensile and compressive properties of bilayer Ni/ Ni3Al. We found that: the tension–compression asymmetry behaviours of bilayer Ni/Ni3Al with different crystal orientations are different. The tension–compression asymmetry of different crystal orientations is result from different origins. For [001] crystal orientation, the formation of face angle dislocation in the γ' phase during tension, and no formation of face angle dislocation when compressed result in asymmetry. The reason for the [011] crystal orientation asymmetry is the twinning, and the twinning region during tension is larger than when it is compressed. [111] crystal orientation asymmetry is due to super dislocation decomposition. When dislocation is formed, the fault dislocation area during tension is smaller than that during compression, which results in the ability of preventing cross-slip when tension less than the compression state. The cross-slip is formed during tension, and the cross-slip does not occur during compression, exhibiting different tension–compression asymmetry behaviours. This study will provide theoretical guidance for the application of Ni-based single crystal alloys and further enhancement of their mechanical properties.

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34

Liu, Chang, Guo Feng Wang, Xu Da Qin, and Lu Zhang. "The Online Monitoring of Surface Quality Based on Time-Frequency Spectrum Analysis of Acoustic Emission." Applied Mechanics and Materials 141 (November 2011): 564–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.141.564.

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There is a high requirement on the surface quality of work-pieces made of Ni-based super-alloys due to the important application in aviation and aerospace fields, so it is particularly important to implement the on-line monitoring to the surface quality of work-piece in the machining process. The acoustic emission (AE) signal has the relatively superior signal/noise ratio and sensitivity during the process of nickel alloy. Through the analysis of AE signal’s characteristic which comes from the different condition of tool wear, it is an effective mean to evaluate the tool wear condition and monitor the surface quality of work-piece due to the usage of AE during the machining process. This paper indicate that it is simple and intuitive to achieve the on-line monitoring of surface quality which based on spectrum analysis of AE signal and proposed the method of on-line monitoring of the nickel alloy surface quality under different condition of tool wear based on AE time-frequency spectrum.

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Thakur, A., and S. Gangopadhyay. "Evaluation of micro-features of chips of Inconel 825 during dry turning with uncoated and chemical vapour deposition multilayer coated tools." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture 232, no. 6 (August 5, 2016): 979–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954405416661584.

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Mechanism of chip formation during dry machining of Ni-based super alloys needs considerable research attention as it directly or indirectly affects different aspects of machinability. Therefore, the present research work aims at understanding the mechanism of chip formation with the help of various chip characteristics during dry machining of Inconel 825, a nickel-based super alloy. The influence of multilayer coating deposited using chemical vapour deposition, cutting speed and machining duration has been investigated on types and form of chips, along with different characteristics of chip like shear band thickness, saw-tooth distance, equivalent chip thickness, saw-tooth angle and chip segmentation frequency. Chip–tool contact length, hardness and crystallographic orientation (through X-ray diffraction) of chip have also been studied. Furthermore, different machining characteristics such as cutting force, apparent coefficient of friction and cutting temperature have also been determined for explaining the mechanism of various aspects of chip formation. The results indicated that coated tool restricted sharp increase in shear band thickness with cutting speed and resulted in reduction in saw-tooth distance, saw-tooth angle, equivalent chip thickness, chip hardness and deformation on grains while exhibiting increase in chip segmentation frequency in comparison with its uncoated counterpart.

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Parmar, Santosh, S. Narendranath, V. Balaji, IV Manoj, and Keshav H. Jatakar. "Prediction of Machining Characteristics of Wire Electrical Discharge Machined Hastelloy-X using Artificial Neural Network." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1248, no. 1 (July 1, 2022): 012049. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1248/1/012049.

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Abstract Due to extensive mechanical load bearing capability under high temperature and pressure, Nickel based super alloys are widely incorporated in aerospace and aviation industries in various sections like chemical, fuselage, engine, combustor components, etc. Hastelloy-X is a Ni-based super alloy consisting mainly Ni, Cr, Fe, Mo and Co, which has good corrosion and heat resistance capacity. Since Hastelloy-X is a difficult-to-machine material, a non-conventional Wire Electric Discharge Machining is used. This work aims at machining characteristics study of WEDM of Hastelloy-X and prediction of major machining performances using Artificial Neural Network (ANN). At first, full factorial design of experiments was set using Minitab which includes four input machining parameters namely pulse-on time (T-on), pulse-off time (T-off), wire feed (WF) and servo voltage (SV); kept at three levels; high, medium and low. Total 81 experimental runs were performed. After machining on WEDM, machining performances MRR (material removal rate) and SR (surface roughness) were measured. There after the neural network is trained in nntool in MATLAB to predict the MRR and SR. The predicted model has mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of 6.371% for MRR prediction and 5.92% for SR prediction while the MSE (Mean Square Error) was found to be 0.389 and 0.129 for MRR and SR respectively. The trained network has training, validation and testing regression coefficient (R) values of 0.9756, 0.9916 and 0.9662 respectively. And the overall R value was 0.97746. After prediction, the samples with extreme values of actual and predicted outputs were studied for other machining responses like recast layer, surface cracks and kerf width. Out-turn of this research can be utilized for machining hard to machine materials in a high precision WEDM for different applications.

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Klocke, Fritz, David Welling, Jens Dieckmann, Drazen Veselovac, and Roberto Perez. "Developments in Wire-EDM for the Manufacturing of Fir Tree Slots in Turbine Discs Made of Inconel 718." Key Engineering Materials 504-506 (February 2012): 1177–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.504-506.1177.

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This paper deals with developments of Wire-EDM technologies for fir tree slot production. The aim of these developments is to substitute certain conventional processes within turbine manufacturing that have been identified as non-optimal like the critical broaching process. Thereby the negative characteristics like inflexible manufacturing processes, high machine tool investment costs and huge energy consumption can be abolished. The objective targets of the conducted research are to meet all safety requirements of the critical components and get an economic manufacturing process. In the first step a special brass wire technology for cutting Ni-based super alloys was developed. Main focus was to meet the requirements of fir tree production concerning aspects of surface integrity and geometry. To measure these aspects on the one hand non-destructive analyses have been performed to guarantee surface roughness and accuracy. On the other hand destructive analyses in terms of cross section polishing for showing thermal influenced rim zones have been prepared. A capable Wire-EDM process is presented.

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Liu, Jingjing, Shumin Han, Yuan Li, Shuqin Yang, Lu Zhang, and Yumeng Zhao. "Effect of Al incorporation on the degradation in discharge capacity and electrochemical kinetics of La–Mg–Ni-based alloys with A2B7-type super-stacking structure." Journal of Alloys and Compounds 619 (January 2015): 778–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2014.09.041.

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Abdel-Aal, Hisham A. "On the Influence of Thermal Properties on Wear Resistance of Rubbing Metals at Elevated Temperatures." Journal of Tribology 122, no. 3 (October 18, 1999): 657–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.555417.

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This paper studies the effects of the heat dissipation capacity of a rubbing material on wear resistance at high temperatures. These effects are studied with a special focus on the dilatation of the thermal energy in sliding. These results suggest a connection between wear transition and the change in the heat dissipation capacity of a rubbing material. The nature of change in the thermal properties before and after the transition influences the thermal environment within the contacting layers. This controls the kinetics of oxide formation and thereby controls wear. Thermal dilatation is a super position of three functions that represent the competing effects of the room temperature thermal properties and their respective variation with temperature. Whence, the change in the thermal properties bears on dilatation. The possible relation between thermal dilatation and protective oxide formation is studied by examining the fretting wear data for two alloys—a Ni-based alloy and a Co-based alloy. The results indicate a strong correlation between the formation of protective oxides and the change in the thermal dilatation of the examined alloys with temperature. Moreover, examination of the wear data suggests that a critical ratio between the effects of the conductivity and those of the effusivity has to be established for favorable wear resistance. This ratio reflects on the intrinsic ability of the material to sustain an oxidative reaction of a controlled rate. So that, the protective glaze oxide layers are formed in a rate that is approximately equal to the rate of oxide layer breakdown. Whence, continuous compensation for the removed oxide layer (self-repairing oxides) is established. [S0742-4787(00)00903-6]

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Liu, Jingjing, Shumin Han, Yuan Li, Xin Zhao, Shuqin Yang, and Yumeng Zhao. "Cooperative effects of Sm and Mg on electrochemical performance of La–Mg–Ni-based alloys with A 2 B 7 - and A 5 B 19 -type super-stacking structure." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 40, no. 2 (January 2015): 1116–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2014.11.024.

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Rai, Arun Kumar, Haraprasanna Trpathy, R. N. Hajra, S. Raju, and S. Saroja. "Thermophysical properties of Ni based super alloy 617." Journal of Alloys and Compounds 698 (March 2017): 442–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2016.12.183.

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Shen, Baolong, and Akihisa Inoue. "(Fe,Co,Ni)–B–Si–Nb Bulk Glassy Alloy With Super-High Strength and Some Ductility [Article Retracted]." Journal of Materials Research 20, no. 1 (January 2005): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2005.0001.

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Glassy [(Fe0.8Co0.1Ni0.1)0.75B0.2Si0.05]96Nb4 alloy rods with glass transition temperature of 835 K, followed by a large supercooled liquid region of 55 K were produced in the diameter range up to 2 mm by copper mold casting. The glassy alloy rods exhibit super-high true fracture strength of 4225 MPa combined with elastic strain of 0.02 and true plastic strain of 0.005. The super-high strength alloy simultaneously exhibits high magnetization of 1.1 T, low coercivity of 3 A/m, and high permeability of 1.8 × 104 at 1 kHz. The success of synthesizing a super-high strength Fe-based bulk glassy alloy with some compressive plastic strain and good soft magnetic properties is encouraging for future development of Fe-based bulk glassy alloys as new engineering and functional materials.

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Hasan, Muhammad Hasibul, Chahat Soi, Azin Mirzajavadkhan, Saba Rafieian, and Mirt Mehany. "Experimental Study and Computer Simulation of Fracture Toughness of Ni Base Superalloy using CT Specimen." International Journal of Engineering Materials and Manufacture 3, no. 4 (December 1, 2018): 224–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.26776/ijemm.03.04.2018.07.

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Due to superior mechanical and metallurgical performance, Nickel-base Alloys 617 and 276 have been considered as structural material for used in complex and stochastic applications. Surface irregularities such as cracks in the material may be vulnerable to the structural integrity of an engineering component. Void growth behavior is however analyzed using crystal plasticity theory in nickel-based super alloys. Elastic-plastic fracture mechanics base single compact tension specimen has been used to determine the J1C value as a function of temperature of austenitic Alloy 617 and 276 for ductile crack growth behavior. Crack formation is appropriately explained through crack nucleation based on the microstructural heterogeneity properties of the alloys. Alloy 617 showed a fair increased resistance to fracture as temperature increased from ambient to 5000C for duplicate testing, satisfying the EPFM criteria. Whereas the J1C values of Alloy 276 increased gradually with temperature up to 300° C and due to enhanced plasticity in the vicinity of 4000 C this alloy shows inconsistent value. Two-dimensional simulation of J-integral model of these nickel base super alloys at temperature range 1000C to 5000 C has been proposed. Particular focus is given on the load line displacement where crack propagation occurs during the loading phase only. Path independency of J-integral has been clearly demonstrated for both the alloys up to 3000 C employing finite element analysis meshing with 1922 quadrilateral 2D solid elements in ANSYS. Cracks are typically initiated in relation to the level of strain range. A higher strain range initiates cracks due to precipitate shearing, whereas a low strain range initiates cracks with oxidation reactions and carbide diffusion. The values of K1C and crack tip opening displacement for these alloys have been calculated based on the experimental data. Moreover, fracture morphology in the loading and unloading sequences near the crack tip has been analyzed by SEM.

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Tao, Hong, King Ho So, Echo Li, Xue Zhu Zhang, and Gary Lai. "Surface Modifications of Mg Alloys Based on Micro-Arc Oxidation Methods from Manufacturing Perspectives." Applied Mechanics and Materials 548-549 (April 2014): 284–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.548-549.284.

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Chemically and mechanically protective coatings are formed on surface of Magnesium alloys by micro-arc oxidation (MAO) methods. From manufacturing perspectives, modification of the obtained MAO surfaces was made in two aspects. Firstly, the protection is enhanced by forming super-hydrophobic surfaces, with water contact angle higher than 120o, attributed to hierarchical nanomicro structures. The overall process involves alkaline etching to form nanoscale structures on top of micro-porous surface achieved during micro-arc oxidation processes. Secondly, the electrical property of the MAO surfaces is modified. A film with electrical conductivity of 2.4Ω/sq is achieved by Ni deposition and characterized by four point probe measurement. The morphology, phase, and chemical composition of all surfaces are investigated by SEM and XRD analysis.

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Lizzi, Franco, Kashyap Pradeep, Aleksandar Stanojevic, Silvana Sommadossi, and Maria Cecilia Poletti. "Hot Deformation Behavior of a Ni-Based Superalloy with Suppressed Precipitation." Metals 11, no. 4 (April 8, 2021): 605. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met11040605.

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Inconel®718 is a well-known nickel-based super-alloy used for high-temperature applications after thermomechanical processes followed by heat treatments. This work describes the evolution of the microstructure and the stresses during hot deformation of a prototype alloy named IN718WP produced by powder metallurgy with similar chemical composition to the matrix of Inconel®718. Compression tests were performed by the thermomechanical simulator Gleeble®3800 in a temperature range from 900 to 1025 °C, and strain rates scaled from 0.001 to 10 s−1. Flow curves of IN718WP showed similar features to those of Inconel®718. The relative stress softening of the IN718WP was comparable to standard alloy Inconel®718 for the highest strain rates. Large stress softening at low strain rates may be related to two phenomena: the fast recrystallization rate, and the coarsening of micropores driven by diffusion. Dynamic recrystallization grade and grain size were quantified using metallography. The recrystallization grade increased as the strain rate decreased, although showed less dependency on the temperature. Dynamic recrystallization occurred after the formation of deformation bands at strain rates above 0.1 s−1 and after the formation of subgrains when deforming at low strain rates. Recrystallized grains had a large number of sigma 3 boundaries, and their percentage increased with strain rate and temperature. The calculated apparent activation energy and strain rate exponent value were similar to those found for Inconel®718 when deforming above the solvus temperature.

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Mamiya, Takayuki, Yoshihito Ogasawara, Shinji Sato, Toshio Suzuki, and Akira Yoshinari. "Cooling Rate Dependence of Secondary Dendrite Arm Spacing in Nickel-Based Super Alloys." Journal of the Japan Institute of Metals 61, no. 8 (1997): 781–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2320/jinstmet1952.61.8_781.

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Tao, Hong, So King Ho, Echo Li, Xue Zhu Zhang, and Gary Lai. "Modification of Mg Alloy Surfaces Based on Micro-Arc Oxidation Methods." Advanced Materials Research 905 (April 2014): 146–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.905.146.

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Chemically and mechanically protective coatings are formed on surface of Magnesium alloys by micro-arc oxidation (MAO) methods. Modification of the obtained MAO surfaces was made in two aspects. Firstly, the protection is enhanced by forming super-hydrophobic surfaces, with water contact angle higher than 120o, attributed to hierarchical nanomicro structures. The overall process involves alkaline etching to form nanoscale structures on top of micro-porous surface achieved during micro-arc oxidation processes. Secondly, the electrical property of the MAO surfaces is modified. A film with electrical conductivity of 2.4Ω/sq is achieved by Ni deposition and characterized by four point probe measurement. The morphology, phase, and chemical composition of all surfaces are investigated by SEM, AFM, and XRD analysis.

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Liu, Peng, Rui Zhang, Yong Yuan, Chuanyong Cui, Faguang Liang, Xi Liu, Yuefeng Gu, Yizhou Zhou, and Xiaofeng Sun. "Microstructural evolution of a Ni-Co based superalloy during hot compression at γ′ sub-/super-solvus temperatures." Journal of Materials Science & Technology 77 (June 2021): 66–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2020.10.042.

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Kangazian, Jalal, and Morteza Shamanian. "Electron Back Scattered Diffraction Study of Dissimilar Welding Between the Super Duplex Stainless Steel and the Ni-Based Superalloy." Metals and Materials International 25, no. 5 (May 13, 2019): 1287–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12540-019-00289-0.

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Clancy, Marie, and Michael J. Pomeroy. "The Effects of Ni-Plating and Prolonged High Temperature Oxidation at 1423 K (1150 °C) on a CMSX-10 Single-Crystal Ni-Based Super-Alloy and Coating System." Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A 44, no. 7 (March 2, 2013): 3028–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11661-013-1668-0.

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