Academic literature on the topic 'Nh 9340'

A novel anaerobic bacterium, designated NH-JN4T was isolated from a sediment sample collected in the South China Sea. Cells were Gram-stain-positive, spore-forming, peritrichous and rod-shaped (0.5–1.2×2.2–7 µm). The temperature and pH ranges for growth were 22–42 °C and pH 6.0–8.5. Optimal growth occurred at 34–38 °C and pH 6.5–7.0. The NaCl concentration range for growth was 0.5–6 % (w/v) with an optimum of 2.5 %. Catalase and oxidase were not produced. Substrates which could be utilized were peptone, tryptone, yeast extract, beef extract and glycine. Main fermentation products from PYG medium were formate, acetate, butyrate and ethanol. Strain NH-JN4T could utilize sodium sulfite as an electron acceptor. No respiratory quinone was detected. The predominant fatty acids were anteiso-C15 : 0, C16 : 0, iso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C17 : 0 and C16 : 0 DMA. The major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol and glycolipids. The DNA G+C content was 35.8 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that strain NH-JN4T was a member of family Clostridiaceae , and was most closely related to Clostridium limosum ATCC 25620T, Clostridium proteolyticum DSM 3090T, Clostridium histolyticum ATCC 19401T and Clostridium tepidiprofundi SG 508T, showing 94.0, 93.0, 92.9 and 92.3 % sequence similarity, respectively. On the basis of phenotypic, genotypic and chemotaxonomic properties, strain NH-JN4T represents a novel species of a new genus in the family Clostridiaceae , for which the name Oceanirhabdus sediminicola gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of the type species is NH-JN4T ( = JCM 18501T = CCTCC AB 2013103T = KCTC 15322T).

The geomorphological instantaneous unit hydrograph (IUH) proposed by Gupta et al. (1980) was compared with the IUH derived by commonly used time-area and Nash methods. This comparison was performed by analyzing the effective rainfall-direct runoff relationship for four large basins in Central Italy ranging in area from 934 to 4,147 km2. The Nash method was found to be the most accurate of the three methods. The geomorphological method, with only one parameter estimated in advance from the observed data, was found to be little less accurate than the Nash method which has two parameters determined from observations. Furthermore, if the geomorphological and Nash methods employed the same information represented by basin lag, then they produced similar accuracy provided the other Nash parameter, expressed by the product of peak flow and time to peak, was empirically assessed within a wide range of values. It was concluded that it was more appropriate to use the geomorphological method for ungaged basins and the Nash method for gaged basins.

Abstract The controls over net ammonification and net nitrification in recently clearcut, 9-year-old and 29-year-old plantations of Pinus elliottii in north Florida were investigated using a combination of field (in situ) and laboratory soil incubations. Fertilization with PK and NPK and prescribed burning were also used in the field to further determine effects of P and NH+4-N availability on net N transformations. Results revealed complex relationships among N availability and plantation age, incubation method, season and treatment. Ammonification rates were generally lower than those found in other studies. The clearcut, 9-year-old and NPK-fertilized plots had the greatest rates. The single burns and PK-fertilization had little effect on rates, although soil chemistry was significantly altered. Net nitrification rates were negligible except on the NPK-fertilized plots, which had greatly elevated rates of both net ammonification and net nitrification. We conclude that P availability had little apparent affect on net N transformations in the surface soil and that N availability was least in the oldest stand. For. Sci. 35(4):920-934.

Copper (II) reacts with HCPFPBH and forms buff coloured precipitate insoluble in many organic solvents like absolute alcohol, ether, benzene, chloroform etc. The Solid complex has molecular formula (C19H13N2OFCl)2Cu which melts at 2020C with decomposition. The infrared spectra of the complex was recorded in the range 4000-450cm-1. The ligand molecule consists of a weak band at 2550 cm-1. This confirms the presence of azomethine nitrogen in the ligand. This band is absent in the IR Spectrum of the complex confirming the involvement of this group in complexation . The strong band of the ligand at 1640 cm-1 is due to C = NH+ group which shifts to lower frequency by 60 cm-1. This confirms the formation of C = N -----Cu bond. The N – O stretching mode shifts to higher frequency from 930 cm-1 to 960 cm-1 this confirms the formation of N – O – Cu bond by replacement of N – O – H proton by Copper.Cu – N band appears at 460 cm-1 which supports the formation of Cu – N bond. The positive value of volume susceptibility confirms that the complex is paramagnetic. TGA studies suggest that complex is thermally stable upto 2020C and melts with decomposition. At this temperature water molecules are absent which is also suggested by IR spectra of the complex. These studies support the use of N-Hydroxy-N-(4-Chloro) phenylN’-(4-Fluoro) phenyl benzamidine hydrochloride for gravimetric determination of Copper (II) in ores and alloys.

The lithium-mediated method of electrochemical nitrogen reduction, pioneered by Tsuneto et al1 then verified by Andersen et al2, is currently the sole paradigm capable of unequivocal electrochemical ammonia synthesis. Such a system could allow the production of green, distributed ammonia for use as fertiliser or a carbon-free fuel. However, despite great improvements in Faradaic efficiency and stability since just 20193, fundamental understanding of the mechanisms governing nitrogen reduction and other parasitic reactions is lacking. Lithium Ion Battery (LIB) research can provide insight; since both lithium-mediated electrochemical ammonia synthesis and LIBs utilise an organic solvent and lithium salt, both form a Solid Electrolyte Interphase (SEI), which is electronically insulating but ionically conducting, at the electrode surface. In LIBs, this is necessary to stabilize and cycle low potential materials4. In lithium-mediated ammonia synthesis, the SEI could also have a critical role in controlling the access of protons and other key reactants to the catalytically active sites and promoting greater selectivity toward nitrogen reduction to ammonia5. While some characterisation of the SEI has been carried out for the lithium-mediated nitrogen reduction system6, the literature still lacks holistic studies which aim to carefully characterise the bulk electrolyte and SEI components and link them to system performance. In this work we use insight from battery science to tackle a significant stability problem in lithium-mediated nitrogen reduction. The traditional electrolyte employed by Tsuneto et al. was 0.2 M LiClO4 in a 99:1 tetrahydrofuran to ethanol mix. While this system can produce ammonia, the working electrode potential becomes more negative over time. Our initial investigations show that this problem stems from an unstable SEI which becomes increasingly organic. Simply by raising the concentration of LiClO4 in the electrolyte, we vastly improve stability, as shown in figure 1(a), and boost Faradaic efficiency. Bulk electrolyte salt solvation properties are investigated through Raman spectroscopy, as shown in figure 1(b). Here we observe the emergence of a shoulder at around 930 cm-1 with increasing LiClO4 concentration, which we assign to the emergence of Contact-Ion-Pairs (CIPs) through comparison to Density Functional Theory calculations. These CIPs mean that perchlorate anion degradation products are more abundant in the formed SEI, as shown in our X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass spectrometry results. This more inorganic SEI protects the electrolyte against further degradation, preventing the working electrode drift to more negative potentials. We then link this behaviour to a peak observed in the Faradaic efficiency of ammonia synthesis at 0.6 M LiClO4 by also considering decreasing N2 solubility and diffusivity, as well as a more ionically conductive SEI, in an increasingly concentrated electrolyte. We also present never-before seen cross-sectional images of the SEI using cryogenic Focussed Ion Beam milling and Scanning Electron Microscopy, further aiding understanding of how salt solvation affects the morphology of the formed SEI and system performance. Our results emphasise the need to consider SEI properties in electrolyte design for lithium-mediated nitrogen reduction, as well as the need to balance desirable SEI properties with desirable bulk electrolyte properties. Tsuneto, A., Kudo, A. & Sakata, T. Efficient Electrochemical Reduction of N 2 to NH 3 Catalyzed by Lithium . Chemistry Letters vol. 22 851–854 (1993). Andersen, S. Z. et al. A rigorous electrochemical ammonia synthesis protocol with quantitative isotope measurements. Nature 570, 504–508 (2019). Westhead, O., Jervis, R. & Stephens, I. E. L. Is lithium the key for nitrogen electroreduction? Science. 372, 1149–1150 (2021). Peled, E. & Menkin, S. Review—SEI: Past, Present and Future. J. Electrochem. Soc. 164, A1703–A1719 (2017). Singh, A. R. et al. Electrochemical Ammonia Synthesis—The Selectivity Challenge. ACS Catal. 7, 706–709 (2017). Li, K. et al. Enhancement of lithium-mediated ammonia synthesis by addition of oxygen. Science. 1597, 1593–1597 (2021). Figure 1

AbstractIntroductionPeople with haemophilia's life expectancies have improved over time. Whether progress has been experienced equitably is unknown.AimTo examine recorded haemophilia death (rHD) rates according to race and ethnicity in the United States (US).MethodsIn this cohort study, rHDs were examined with US National Vital Statistics’ 1999–2020 Multiple Cause‐of‐Death data. rHD was defined as having a haemophilia A (D66) or B (D67) ICD‐10 code in the death certificate (underlying or multiple causes of death). Age‐adjusted rHD rates were compared with age‐adjusted rate ratios (aRR) and 95% Confidence Intervals (CI).ResultsThere were 3115 rHDs in males with an rHD rate of 0.98 per 1 million males. Between 1999 and 2020, rHD rates declined by 46% in NH (Non‐Hispanic) White, 44% in NH Black (aRR = 0.56, 95%CI 0.43, 0.74), and 42% in Hispanic (aRR = 0.58, 95%CI 0.39, 0.88) males. However, rHD rates remained higher and were on average 30% greater in NH Black versus NH White males (aRR = 1.30 95% CI 1.16, 1.46). Among males with rHD, the median age at death rose from 54.5 to 65.5 years between 1999 and 2020 and was 12 years lower in NH Black (56 years) versus NH White (68 years) males in 2010–2020. There were 930 females with rHD, with an age‐adjusted rate of 0.22 per 1 million females, which was consistent between 1999 and 2020.ConclusionReported haemophilia‐death rates improved in males across all race/ethnicities, but rates were higher Black versus White males. Given the inherent limitations of the current study's data source, further investigation of survival rates and disparities in haemophilia are needed.

Introducción: La adhesión estricta a las recomendaciones del personal de salud es requisito indispensable para coadyuvar en el control clínico de la hipertensión arterial[W1] .Objetivo: Identificar los predictores de la conducta “consumo de alimentos restringidos” en una muestra de pacientes hipertensos de Tamaulipas, México.Método: Participaron 183 pacientes diagnosticados con hipertensión arterial, quienes respondieron a un par de instrumentos y a diferentes preguntas sobre conductas de adhesión y cuidado de la salud. Para la interpretación de los datos se utilizó un análisis de trayectoria.Resultados: Una menor tolerancia a la frustración, un mayor apoyo social afectivo y un menor índice de masa corporal predijeron la conducta de evitar el “consumo de alimentos restringidos” (pBS = .294, χ2/gl = 1.417, GFI = .993, AGFI = .965, NFI = .934, IFI = .980 y SRMR = .040), explicando aproximadamente un 20% de la varianza en la conducta de estudio.Conclusión: El estudio de las conductas de adhesión y cuidado de la salud pasa necesariamente por identificar qué y cómo ciertas variables personales e interpersonales están influyendo en su práctica diaria, lo cual puede contribuir a mejorar los programas de intervención interdisciplinaria en los ámbitos clínico y comunitario para la atención de pacientes que viven con hipertensión arterial. [W1]Se añadió el término arterial y se hizo lo propio en todo el texto.

Abstract Background Heart failure (HF) is a global pandemic, and the cause of the greater health expenditure on hospitalization. Purpose To determine, in patients admitted due to decompensated heart failure (dHF), the predictors of in-hospital and late all-cause mortality. Methods Retrospective and longitudinal observational study of consecutive patients admitted with a diagnosis of dHF in a General Hospital between 2000–2015. Primary objective was in-hospital and late mortality. Results A total of 3705 patients were included (76.9 + 10.1 years, 54.1% women). Diabetes was present in 1611 (43.5%) patients, hypertension in 3210 (86.6%), active smoking in 221 (6%), COPD in 989 (26.7%), neoplasms in 415 (11.2%), chronic renal failure (CRF) in 628 (17%), previous myocardial infarction (pMI) in 449 (12.1%), stroke in 416 (11.2%), previous heart failure (pHF) in 1015 (27.4%), atrial fibrillation in 1672 (45.1%). A total of 239 (6.5%) lived in a nursing home (NH). The rate of 6-months readmission due to heart failure was 473 (12.8%). The in-hospital all-cause mortality rate was 9.3% (345). During a median follow-up of 930 days (RI 230–2611), 2165 (58.4%) patients died. The following variables were independent predictors of in-hospital mortality (Odds ratio, 95% CI): age 1.03 (1.02–1.05), basal creatinine 1.18 (1.01–1.39) and urea 1.014 (1.011–1.018) (model AUC 0.78 (0.75–0.81)). We identified the following predictors of late mortality (Hazard ratio, 95% CI): age 1,029 (1,022–1,035), diabetes mellitus 1,13 (1,02–1,25), COPD 1,15 (1,03–1,28), neoplasms 1,17 (1,008–1,361), pMI 1.19 (1.02–1.38), pHF 1.25 (1.12–1.39), NH 1.24 (1.03–1.49), readmission 1.73 (1.51–1.97), urea 1.003 (1.001–1.005) (model AUC 0.73 (0.71–0.75)). Conclusions In-hospital mortality was significantly associated with age and markers of renal function, while for late mortality the predictors were comorbidities, hospital readmissions and living in a nursing home.

Abstract Background Nursing Home Residents (NHR) have high rates of polypharmacy and Potentially Inappropriate Medication (PIM) prescriptions. Emergency Departments (ED) are an access point to acute hospitals for unwell NHRs. Attendance is associated with adverse outcomes. This project aims to identify polypharmacy and PIMsin older NHRs presenting to ED and associations with adverse outcomes. Methods A prospective cohort study including all NHR aged≥50 years presenting to ED over one year (01/10/2019–30/09/2020). Data collected included demographics, medications at attendance, Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI), Clinical Frailty Score (CFS), modified Barthel Index (BI), continence, falls history, ED presentation details, ED Length of Stay (LoS), hospital LoS and 6-and 12-month mortality. Polypharmacy was defined as ≥5medications. The Screening Tool of Older Persons’ Prescriptions version2 (STOPP), STOPPFrail and Beers’ Criteria were used to identify PIMs Results There were 516 attendances by 343 individual NHRs. Mean age was 78.6 years (50–103; ±10.9). Prescriptions were available for 93.0% (480/516). A mean of 12.4 (0–31,±5.24) medications were prescribed per patient, with polypharmacy present in 96.0% (461/480). Mean age of the polypharmacy group was lower (76.2 vs 83.7; p < 0.001). There were no significant differences in CCI, CFS or modified BI scores. STOPP identified 99% (n = 475) as having ≥1 PIM(mean 7.47[0–19; ± 3.67] per patient). All had ≥1PIM according to STOPPFrail(mean 8.59[0–26; ±3.90] per patient). Beers’ classified 97.5% (n = 468) as having ≥1PIM (mean 4.32[0–13,±2.41] per patient). STOPPFrail identified continence (71.9% vs 65.8%) and intellectual disability (76.7% vs 67.5%) as significantly associated with a higher proportion of PIMsp < 0.001). Beers’ identified delirium and hospital admission as associated with a lower proportion of PIMs31.7% vs 36.8%, 33.2% vs 38.1% respectively; p < 0.001). All tools showed NHRs who died at 6-and 12-months had a lower proportion of PIMs Conclusion Polypharmacy and PIMsare common in NHRs attending ED and should be considered at presentation. NH liaison services may facilitate medication review and deprescribing.

Nach der Schlacht von Actium am 2. September 31 v. Chr. war alles anders. Mit seinem Aufstieg zum unumstrittenen Alleinherrscher des Imperium Romanum wurde Augustus in den östlichen Reichsteilen kultisch verehrt. In Griechenland waren aus der hellenistischen Tradition heraus die Bedingungen für eine göttergleiche Ehrung des Herrschers gut bereitet. Das Anliegen dieser Studie ist es zu untersuchen, wie sich der Kult in den römischen Provinzen Griechenlands entwickeln und festigen konnte. Dabei werden zunächst Vorläufer kultischer Ehrungen römischer Staatsmänner in republikanischer Zeit betrachtet. Spannend ist dann in frühaugusteischer Zeit vor allem der bauliche Übergang, oftmals wurde der neue Kult des Kaisers in bereits bestehende Heiligtümer integriert. Gegenstand der Untersuchung sind nicht nur die Kaiser selbst, sondern auch ihre Familienmitglieder. Für die Betrachtungen werden Kultorte, Tempel und Altäre herangezogen. Kaiserfeste und ihre Ausrichtung spielen eine Rolle, ebenso das Amt der kaiserlichen Priester und Priesterinnen sowie Stifter und Stifterinnen. Unter kultur- und religionsgeschichtlichen Aspekten werden Fragen nach den Formen des Kaiserkultes aufgeworfen: Wie wurde dieser formal dargestellt und in welche städtischen und architektonischen Kontexte wurde der Kult eingebunden? Fragen nach der Praxis kultischer Verehrung sollen im Hintergrund stehen, wenn ausgewählte Zeugnisse des Kaiserkults von iulisch-claudischer bis in flavische Zeit betrachtet werden. Dabei bildet Athen einen hervorragenden Ausgangspunkt für einen provinzübergreifenden Vergleich, der anhand selektiver Beispiele von lokalen Kaiserkultstätten in den Provinzen Achaia, Epirus und Macedonia bereichert wird. Dabei werden Gemeinsamkeiten und Unterschiede in den genannten Regionen herausgestellt, die das Phänomen Kaiserkult beleuchten.
Early Roman imperial cult in the provinces of Achaia, Epirus and Macedonia After Actium everything changed. With his rise to the sole ruler of the Imperium Romanum, Augustus began to be worshiped in the eastern Empire. Because of its Hellenic tradition Greece had been well prepared for emperor worship. The aim of this study is to investigate how emperor worship came to be established in the Roman provinces of Greece. It first considers the precursors of worshipping Roman statesmen in the Republican period. In the following early Augustan period, there is a fascinating architectural transformation in which the new cult for the emperor was often integrated into preexisting sanctuaries. The focus of this investigation is not only the emperor himself, but also his family members. It is thus necessary to consider cult sites, sanctuaries and altars. Imperial festivals also play a role, as do imperial priests and benefactors. Questions are raised about the forms of emperor worship within their cultural and religious contexts: how was imperial cult integrated into and physically represented in its urban and architectural spaces? The actual practices of cultic worship constitute the necessary background for interpreting the evidence of Julio-Claudian and Flavian emperor worship. Athens is thus an excellent starting point for a comparison between provinces, based on case studies of imperial cult sites in the provinces of Achaia, Epirus and Macedonia. By virtue of these comparisons, similarities and differences across the regions come to the fore and ultimately help illuminate the phenomenon of emperor worship.

Der Bauschmuck des Jupitertempels in Baalbek ist durch sechs noch stehende Säulen mitsamt Gebälk sowie durch zahlreiche im Gelände verstreute Fragmente bezeugt. Durch die hier vorliegenden Untersuchungen konnten nun erstmals auch Fragmente nachgewiesen werden, die zum Aufbau der ansonsten verlorenen Tempelcella gehörten. Über eine möglichst umfassende Katalogisierung konnte der Materialbestand weit über das bisher bekannte Maße gesichert werden, so daß zum Beispiel mit 23 statt der in der Forschung bisher üblichen 2 Kapitelle gearbeitet werden konnte. Der Fokus der Arbeit liegt zunächst auf der Darstellung und Beschreibung des Tempels sowie seiner kulturellen und bauhistorischen Verortung in Baalbek selbst. Als feste Referenzpunkte außerhalb der Stadt wurden der Mars-Ultor- Tempel in Rom sowie der Bel-Tempel von Palmyra gewählt. Durch diese Vergleiche und durch einen erstmals in der Forschungsgeschichte vorgenommenen Vergleich der einzelnen Ornamentzonen untereinander konnte eine neue Datierung vorgenommen werden, wodurch der Aufbau und die Fertigstellung des Baus in die 2. Hälfte des 1. Jhs. n. Chr. zu rücken sind. Die Interpretation der Architekturornamentik führte zu mehreren, zum Teil völlig neuen Ergebnisse. Der große und schon vielfach bemerkte Reichtum in der Ausarbeitung des Bauschmucks zeigt das große Können, ein umfangreiches Repertoire und vor allem eine große Freiheit der ausführenden Steinmetzen, die wohl eher lokaler Abstammung waren. Darüber hinaus ist der extra für den Tempel entworfene Fries eine politische Aussage der Colonia Beirut/Heliopolis, mit dem die neu erworbene Stellung im Machtgefüge der levantinischen Städte demonstriert werden soll. Die immer wieder auftretende Unfertigkeit bei der Fertigstellung der Ornamentik ist systematisch und läßt sich mit den umfassenden finanziellen Problemen im römischen Steuerwesen beim Übergang zwischen der neronischen und der flavischen Epoche begründen.
The architectural decoration of the temple of Jupiter in Baalbek is testified by six still standing columns with their entablature and numerous fragments in the area around. This study presents for the first time also fragments from the construction of the otherwise lost cella of the temple. By building a nearly complete catalog of the fragments it was possible to secure the material stock far beyond it was known by now, so for example it was possible to work with 23 instead of the 2 capitals that had been used in former research. The mainly focus of the work is on the representation and description of the temple and its cultural and architectural location in the city of Baalbek. The temple of Mars-Ultor in Rome and the temple of Bel in Palmyra were chosen as fixed reference points. Through these comparisons and through a comparison of the individual ornamental zones with each other for the first time in the history of research, a new dating could be established, which places the construction and completion of the building in the 2nd half of the 1st century AD. The interpretation of architectural ornamentation led to several completely new results. The great and already noticed wealth in the elaboration of architectural ornamentation shows the great skill, an extensive repertoire and above all a great freedom of the executing stonemasons, who were probably of more local origin. Furthermore the frieze was specially designed for the temple and is a political statement of the Colonia Beirut/Heliopolis, which is intended to demonstrate the newly acquired position in the administratic structure of the Levantine cities. The recurrent incompleteness in the ornamentation is systematic and can be explained by the financial problems in the roman state finances during the transition between the Neronic and Flavian eras.The architectural decoration of the temple of Jupiter in Baalbek is testified by six still standing columns with their entablature and numerous fragments in the area around. This study presents for the first time also fragments from the construction of the otherwise lost cella of the temple. By building a nearly complete catalog of the fragments it was possible to secure the material stock far beyond it was known by now, so for example it was possible to work with 23 instead of the 2 capitals that had been used in former research. The mainly focus of the work is on the representation and description of the temple and its cultural and architectural location in the city of Baalbek. The temple of Mars-Ultor in Rome and the temple of Bel in Palmyra were chosen as fixed reference points. Through these comparisons and through a comparison of the individual ornamental zones with each other for the first time in the history of research, a new dating could be established, which places the construction and completion of the building in the 2nd half of the 1st century AD. The interpretation of architectural ornamentation led to several completely new results. The great and already noticed wealth in the elaboration of architectural ornamentation shows the great skill, an extensive repertoire and above all a great freedom of the executing stonemasons, who were probably of more local origin. Furthermore the frieze was specially designed for the temple and is a political statement of the Colonia Beirut/Heliopolis, which is intended to demonstrate the newly acquired position in the administratic structure of the Levantine cities. The recurrent incompleteness in the ornamentation is systematic and can be explained by the financial problems in the roman state finances during the transition between the Neronic and Flavian eras.