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Journal articles on the topic 'NGOs roles in poverty alleviation'
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Thun, Phen Huang, and Tran Duy Manh. "Poverty Alleviation in the Aspect of Government Collaboration with NGOs." Journal of Asian Multicultural Research for Social Sciences Study 2, no. 2 (May 5, 2021): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.47616/jamrsss.v2i2.128.
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This report addresses the government's and non-governmental organizations' roles in resolving poverty issues. Several of the government's positions in poverty alleviation are classified according to fiscal, health, academic, technical, and social factors. Collaboration between non-governmental organizations and the government will result in community welfare. This is shown by the many empowerment initiatives undertaken by the private sector and government to solve the issue of poverty. For example, growing children's education by requiring them to attend school and increasing women's empowerment by promoting different aspects of education and empowerment, such as free schooling and others. Apart from the economic field, the government and non-governmental organizations offer training to allow citizens to be more innovative in their raw material production. Additionally, in the health field, it is important for NGOs to protect the community's health in order for them to live by delivering free medical care and so on.
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Mago, Stephen, Daina Nyathi, and Costa Hofisi. "Non-governmental organisations and rural poverty reduction strategies in Zimbabwe: A case of Binga rural district." Journal of Governance and Regulation 4, no. 4 (2015): 59–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/jgr_v4_i1_p5.
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The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the effectiveness of strategies implemented by Non-governmental organisation (NGOs) for poverty alleviation in Zimbabwe with specific reference to Zimbabwe’s Binga Rural District. The qulitative research methodology was employed in the article. Data were collected using questionnaires and interviews. Findings indicated that NGOs do not adequately fulfil the needs of the poor due to ineffective strategies that they implement. There is insufficient understanding of the livelihoods of the poor in Binga, hence the need for participatory development approaches. Deepening and widening poverty in the rural areas that are currently served by NGOs is an indicator that their poverty alleviation strategies are inadequate and ineffective to deal with poverty in these rural areas. The paper recommends a policy shift by both NGOs and the government to improve the poverty reduction strategies used by NGOs.
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Zhang, Xue, and Tian Gan. "Between Independence and Absorption: The Soft Embeddedness of NGOs in Poverty Alleviation." China Nonprofit Review 11, no. 1 (November 5, 2019): 54–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18765149-12341355.
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Abstract NGOs are faced with the dilemma of action logic in participating in poverty alleviation at the grass-roots level: if they do not embed into local areas, they cannot carry out activities; if they embed too deeply, they will be molded in reverse and cannot realize successful exits. So what action logic will NGOs take in the process of poverty alleviation? Through field observation of H organization which participated in the poverty alleviation project of a pig farm in J village, this paper puts forward the action logic of “soft embeddedness” (SE) on the basis of the theory of “embeddedness” and “soft governance.” SE mainly includes three aspects: the soft relationship embeddedness of culture and custom, the soft resources embeddedness of negotiation by many parties and the soft structure embeddedness of rural regulations and folk conventions. Compared with that of “hard embeddedness” (HE) which emphasizes institutionalism and inculcation, the action logic of SE has its own characteristics. It includes the flexibility of interaction, the strategy of participation and the limited responsibility boundary. The SE action logic helps maintain the autonomy of NGOs, promote the accumulation of village social capital and realize the sustainable development of poverty alleviation projects. At the same time, this paper theoretically complements and extends the interaction between the states and the society as well as the action logic of NGOs in China.
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Ahmad, Khalid Mustafa, Zulfiqar Ahmad Gill, and Toseef Azid. "NGOs, Micro-finance and Poverty Alleviation: Experience of the Rural Poor in Pakistan." Pakistan Development Review 39, no. 4II (December 1, 2000): 771–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v39i4iipp.771-792.
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Non-governmental organisations (NGOs) continue to be the global ‘flavour of the month’ in international development. They are regarded as “outside” actors perceived to work in the interests of the poor, and in the absence of the state, many NGOs have taken on vital role in the provision of basic services to the poor. The institutional and political environment is attuned to privatisation in whatever form it takes. NGOs are another expression of this trend, but in the case of NGOs no real disillusionment phase has yet set in. But still NGOs remain the favoured vehicle for grass-roots involvement and community development in many countries. The present paper seeks to delineate the role of NGOs in micro finance and study their aggregate impact on poverty reduction in rural Pakistan as a result of micro finance efforts. The paper is organised in four sections. Section I commences with the concepts, promises and limitations of NGOs as a vehicle of micro finance. Section II summarises the record of performance of NGOs in Pakistan. In particular, the role, achievements and set-backs of two noted NGOs in Pakistan, Agha Khan Rural Support Programme (AKRSP) and National Rural Support Programme (NRSP). Which are studied by examining aggregate impact of these NGOs on poverty reduction as result of their micro finance efforts. Section III examines the poverty profile and presents summary of the role of NGOs in the context of poverty lending and, finally Section IV concludes the analysis and proposes some policy recommendations.
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Alam, Barkat. "Poverty Alleviation, Welfare, Economic Development and NGOs—Some Observations." Indian Journal of Public Administration 45, no. 1 (January 1999): 34–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0019556119990104.
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Tanga, Pius T., and Mulwaini Mundau. "The Impact of Donor-funded Community Empowerment Projects on Poverty Alleviation in Zimbabwe." Perspectives on Global Development and Technology 13, no. 4 (July 17, 2014): 465–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15691497-12341312.
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The aim of this paper is to assess the impact of donor-funded community empowerment projects on poverty alleviation in Zimbabwe. The primary data were collected from a questionnaire survey from 52 project members who were from two local ngos that were selected randomly. A semi-structured interview guide designed for two officials of the selected ngos implementing the projects was also used. The findings show that there is heavy dependence on outside funding, no adherence to the principles of the empowerment approach and a failure to positively impact the lives of the project members. This therefore calls for ngos to adopt better empowerment practices: community involvement in decision making, project ownership, and clear lines of communication with the ngos. However the findings also show the strength of linking project members with relevant institutions and training in order to ensure sustainability of community projects that may foster community empowerment towards poverty eradication.
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Ferdous, Jannatul. "Micro Credit Program of NGOs in Poverty Alleviation: An Empirical Study on Some Selected NGOs." IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Science 19, no. 9 (2014): 26–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.9790/0837-19982635.
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SANYAL, BISHWAPRIYA. "NGOs' Self-Defeating Quest for Autonomy." ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 554, no. 1 (November 1997): 21–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002716297554001002.
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The current discussion about nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) rests on the key assumptions that (1) to be effective, NGOs must be autonomous of both state and market institutions, and (2) NGOs' autonomy is best protected and nurtured by avoiding institutional linkages with state and market institutions. This article demonstrates that the quest for autonomy hurts the NGOs' effectiveness instead of strengthening it, particularly in the case of NGOs engaged in poverty-alleviation efforts in developing countries. The article concludes by recommending that NGOs work closely with market and state institutions, cleverly crafting institutional strategies that would provide access to resources controlled by these dominant institutions without jeopardizing NGOs' ability to chart their own destiny.
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Gul, Warda. "Role of NGOs in Education from Pakistani Context." Journal on Innovation and Sustainability. RISUS ISSN 2179-3565 6, no. 2 (August 11, 2015): 139. http://dx.doi.org/10.24212/2179-3565.2015v6i2p139-145.
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This paper presents a review of NGOs working for rural poverty alleviation in Pakistan and current situation of Pakistan particularly in rural context. The research has been conducted using qualitative method. The findings of research show that condition of poor has not been much improved across the country particularly in rural areas of Pakistan. The study is of good value as there are number of controversies among different stakeholders including government regarding NGOs while NGOs claim total success in their work areas particularly rural areas. The study will suggest further research on testing such claims made by NGOs.
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Islam, Mohammad Amirul, MA Khatun, D. Hossain, and J. Alom. "Micro-credit programmes of different NGOs/MFIs: A comparative study." Journal of the Bangladesh Agricultural University 10, no. 2 (May 13, 2013): 297–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbau.v10i2.14922.
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This study evaluated micro-credit programmes of six leading NGOs/MFIs (BRAC, Grameen Bank, PROSHIKA, ASA, SSS and TMSS) in terms of the clients views towards the programmes. The objective of this project is to develop a selection criterion to identify the efficient programme. A total of 406 members from the selected NGOs/MFIs operating micro-credit programmes in Dhaka, Mymensingh, Sherpur, Netrokona, Kishoreganj, Norshingdi, Sylhet and Lalmonirhat were interviewed. The data analyses reveal that the majority of the large amount of loans (above Tk.15000) was taken by GB members (33.7 percent). The respondents who knew the actual interest rate were more in BRAC (42.9 percent). Workers of GB ranked first in terms of field visit (24.9 percent). Request needed to get loan was the highest in BRAC (53.0 percent). The satisfaction level of respondents was more in GB and low in SSS. Poverty alleviation due to micro-credit was the highest among GB members (22.0 percent). Logistic regression analysis suggests that amount of loan taken, experience of poverty alleviation and NGO membership are three important determinants of satisfaction level on the micro-credit programme. A set of characteristics were chosen to find out the best performing micro-credit operating NGOs/MFIs. The data analysis suggests that TMSS is the best performing NGOs/MFIs. The successive NGOs/MFIs in order of rank are GB, SSS, PROSHIKA, BRAC and ASA, respectively.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbau.v10i2.14922 J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 10(2): 297-302, 2012
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Ozkan, Mehmet. "Transnational Islam, immigrant NGOs and poverty alleviation: The case of the IGMG." Journal of International Development 24, no. 4 (January 17, 2011): 467–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jid.1766.
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Karim, Md Rezaul, Shamsunnahar Tania, and Md Mansur Rahman Farazi. "Role of Micro-credit in Poverty Alleviation of Rural Poor: Evidence from Laxmipur District of Bangladesh." Journal of Business and Technology (Dhaka) 7, no. 2 (September 24, 2013): 37–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbt.v7i2.16453.
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This paper examines the role of microcredit as a tool to fight poverty. Bangladesh Government and Non-Government Organizations (NGOs) have been trying to alleviate poverty of its people. NGOs provide microcredit to poor people to enhance their income and improve the situation of hardship. This study takes up the Laxmipur experience of Bangladesh. The study reveals that microcredit programs have generated positive results for large numbers of the poor. Micro-credit has significant impacts and ensures the food security. The poor are not homogeneous, so impact varies significantly among different segments of the population according to their socio-economic status, gender, background, family composition and others. The analysis shows that in general, the poorest borrowers benefit less compared to the middle level poor. Microcredit is not the only way out for all the poor for alleviating their poverty. Our analysis shows that microcredit alone cannot alleviate the poverty significantly without ensuring their individual transactional powers such as economic transaction, social transaction, legal transaction and political transaction power. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbt.v7i2.16453 Journal of Business and Technology Vol.7(2) 2012: 37-55
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Schliesser, Christine. "On a Long Neglected Player: The Religious Factor in Poverty Alleviation." Exchange 43, no. 4 (December 22, 2014): 339–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1572543x-12341336.
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Much of poverty alleviation theory and practice fails to sufficiently consider the following crucial factor: the religious dimension. This paper elaborates this thesis by focusing on the African context and the valuable resources African religious communities and movements can provide in the struggle against poverty. One particularly influential streak of present-time African religiousness serves as a case study: the so-called ‘Prosperity Gospel’ as part of Pentecostal Christianity. The author first argues for the continuing formative influence of religion on African conceptions of self, other, and world. Secondly, she provides a critical assessment of the impact of Pentecostalism and the ‘Prosperity Gospel’ on poverty alleviation. In comparison with secular ngos, Pentecostal churches emerge as the more effective agents of change. A third part situates the insights gained into a wider perspective, seeking ways to integrate the religious factor into a more holistic conception of and engagement against poverty
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Li, Mengzhu. "Research on the roles that education plays in Chinese poverty alleviation." Chinese Sociological Dialogue 2, no. 3-4 (October 2017): 193–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2397200917733526.
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Human capital investment is important for reduction in poverty. This paper – based on human capital theory, taking rural households in the Wuling Mountain Region as the samples, and adopting binary logistic regression – investigates the influences that education has on poverty alleviation in rural China. The results show that educational attainment plays a crucial role in poverty alleviation. For instance, 65.65% of illiterate or just literate people make less than 2300 yuan a year, while 48.76% of those with a primary education earn money at the same level. With a greater educational level, only 34.17% are at the poverty level. The results of logistic regression further support the argument. Our research suggests that policy-makers in China’s anti-poverty action should allocate more educational resources to the poor rural areas in order to further alleviate poverty in rural China.
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Amofah, Seth. "Indigenous Women Social Entrepreneurship; Poverty Alleviation Tool Used by Development NGOs in Ghana." ATHENS JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES 8, no. 2 (February 1, 2021): 151–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.30958/ajss.8-2-4.
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This research paper examines the role of Non-Government Organizations (NGO) in the use of indigenous women social entrepreneurship as a means of reducing poverty in Northern Ghana. The study focused on an Estonian NGO working in significantly poor-rural districts of Northern Ghana. The study employed case study design where face to face semi-structures interviews were used to gather data from local women entrepreneurs, NGO staff and local government officials. A sample of twenty-one (21) respondents was gathered purposefully to achieve the aim of the study. The study found out that, most poor communities in Northern Ghana are endowed with resources needed for production. What are however lacked are managerial training, financial and technical support as well as market access. Development NGOs connect indigenous resources such as raw materials, human capital and social capital together through provision of equipment and skills training to produce internationally certified products for both local and international market. The study found out that producing local products for international market increases the rate of poverty alleviation since many local people get involved and the financial returns is higher than producing for the local market. The study also identified the creation of new macro-micro international relations between the NGO’s home country and the indigenous communities. Keywords: Indigenous Social entrepreneurship, Women, Poverty alleviation, Development NGOs, Northern Ghana.
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Ali, Sikandar, Asif Ali Shah, Mahvish Khaskhely, Sahib Khatoon, Muhammad Ilyas Abro, and Danish Latif. "An Investigation of NGOs’ Role in Diminishing Poverty in Sindh." European Journal of Business and Management Research 6, no. 2 (March 14, 2021): 33–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejbmr.2021.6.2.754.
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Pakistan is a South Asian nation, where a significant portion is in the clutches of poverty characterized by a low standard of living as the country ranks 152th in the global poverty index. Pakistan’s government has been very keen on improving people's economic conditions in the region. NGOs are an essential part of civil society functions to fulfil the need for improvement in human development activities. While various NGOs are working in the country to eradicate poverty, but fruits have yet to be reaped. Thus, the main objective of the current study is to investigate efforts of NGO’s intervened projects to bring forth the improvement in the living conditions of people. For data collection, quantitative methodology and structured questionnaire approach have been employed in the present study. Using the proportional distribution approach, a simple random sample of 300 respondents was drawn for this research analysis. The research was conducted keeping in view the poverty and similarity of the taluka’s geographical and physical setups. For data collection, Sanghar’s rural-talukas i-e Sinjhoro, Khipro, and Tando Adam were selected. The findings indicate that people of the Sanghar district were unhappy and pessimistic towards the NGOs' role in raising their standard of living. This shows concerns about their service delivery and support in the targeted geographical areas. Results also revealed that NGOs are unable to make people self-reliant and there is a need for a robust poverty alleviation strategy to lessen the poverty in the region. In conclusion, policy recommendations are provided, and areas of future studies are identified.
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Taiyong, Chen. "Institutional Constraints and Expanding Spaces: A Case Study on Heifer International’s Localized Development in China." China Nonprofit Review 4, no. 1 (2012): 135–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18765149-12341241.
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Abstract One of the first international NGOs to enter China after the country’s Reform and Opening, Heifer International uses the donation of livestock and technical training as its entry point for poverty alleviation and community development. After entering China, like a number of other international NGOs, Heifer encountered a number of limitations on its existence and development, however, through clear analysis and definition of environmental differences and institutional constraints, as well as proactive adjustment of its strategies and methods of work, Heifer was able to respond to differences and break through limitations, fight for survival and a space in which to develop, establish positive interactions with local communities and governments, and expand the scope and influence of its operations.
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Bloom, Paul N. "Overcoming Consumption Constraints through Social Entrepreneurship." Journal of Public Policy & Marketing 28, no. 1 (April 2009): 128–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1509/jppm.28.1.128.
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This essay examines the potential of social entrepreneurship efforts to contribute to poverty alleviation. In analyzing this potential, the author pays particular attention to the roles of marketing thinking and academic research in supporting social entrepreneurial initiatives to combat poverty.
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Khatun, MA, MA Islam, and S. Majumder. "Why some poor women in Bangladesh do not opt for micro-credit?" Journal of the Bangladesh Agricultural University 11, no. 2 (August 10, 2014): 285–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbau.v11i2.19927.
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Despite many positive impacts of micro-credit, some studies found that micro-credits are not reaching the extreme poor. This study is designed to find out the major causes why rural women do not join micro-credit programme. The present study conducted case studies on ten dropped out members, three non-NGO/MFI members and five NGO/MFI officials. The important causes for dropout are high interest rate, poor management of loan money by clients, management of default cases by NGO/MFI officials, starting time of repayments of instalment, improper utilisation of loan money, husbands unacceptable interference, lack of training to utilise the money and difficulty in getting large amount of loan. On the other hand, worry of failure to repay the instalment, unwillingness to take loan and husbands opposition are the main reasons for non-membership of micro-credit programmes. Tough membership criteria set by the NGOs/MFIs restricts the access to micro-credit option for many of the poor families. Though some NGOs/MFIs have some programmes to support the ultra poor, the coverage is limited. One important hurdle to overcome is the psychological poverty. There are many poor people who are not motivated to get involved in the process despite many NGOs/MFIs are operating at their doorsteps. Appropriate actions are needed to increase the coverage of the micro-credit programme to fight against poverty. NGOs/MFIs should focus not only on the profit but also on the true achievement in poverty alleviation. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbau.v11i2.19927 J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 11(2): 285-292, 2013
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Poddar, Shristy, Sumit Bharti, and Kavitha S. Sharma. "AN EMPIRICAL STUDY ON IMPACT OF MICROFINANCE ON POVERTY ALLEVIATION IN RURAL INDIA." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 7, no. 7 (July 31, 2019): 304–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v7.i7.2019.768.
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The dynamic development of the microfinance business has been advanced by market powers as well as by cognizant activities of national governments, Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs), and the benefactors who view microfinance as a successful device for killing neediness. The incredible push behind this immense and expanding support for microfinance showed that national monetary and social effects are noteworthy and it should be analysed all the more intently.
Self Help Group (SHG) provides microfinance services for people in rural regions so they can use the capital for small business, productive work and become financially stable and independent. In this article, we have described the impact of microfinance on poverty alleviation its impacts on people and society. Here we have explained, the main purpose of this article is to present Microfinance and how it can be useful for poor people and the reduction of unemployment.
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Farooq, Umar, Munir Ahmad, and Abdul Wahid Jasra. "Natural Resource Conservation, Poverty Alleviation, and Farmer Partnership." Pakistan Development Review 46, no. 4II (December 1, 2007): 1023–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v46i4iipp.1023-1049.
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Agriculture has now been seen in its multiple roles like contributing to development as an economic activity, source of livelihood, provider of environmental services and a unique instrument to overall development. As an economic activity, it is a source of growth for national economy, food security, foreign exchange as well as provider of investment opportunities for agro-based industries and rural non-farm economy. As source of livelihood, it provides jobs to majority of the people, especially the small holders, landless and the poor. In terms of environmental services, being the major player in underground water depletion, agrochemical pollution, soil exhaustion and global climate change due to greenhouse gas emissions, agriculture can create good and bad environmental outcomes. Its environmental contributions in managing watersheds and preserving biodiversity are generally unrecognised and unremunerated. Agriculture has well established record as an instrument for poverty reduction1 as well as a leading sector for overall growth in the agriculture-based countries of the world [World Bank (2007)]. In future, agriculture has to commit more promises (e.g. bio-fuel) to the nation without compromising over primary responsibility of food security along with poverty alleviation, conservation of natural resource base, environment protection etc. Unfortunately, the agriculture has been vastly underused for development.
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Rodríguez, Jorge A., Cristina Giménez Thomsen, Daniel Arenas, and Mark Pagell. "NGOs’ Initiatives to Enhance Social Sustainability in the Supply Chain: Poverty Alleviation through Supplier Development Programs." Journal of Supply Chain Management 52, no. 3 (March 3, 2016): 83–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jscm.12104.
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Dhingra, Geet, Nilesh Arora, and Priyanka Panday. "ROLE OF NGOs IN THE PROMOTION OF AGRICULTURE." Journal of Global Economy 14, no. 4 (November 8, 2018): 91–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1956/jge.v14i4.500.
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Despite the fact that agriculture sector is characterized by ‘the biggest’ sector contributing to the 18% of GDP and providing employment to more than 50% of the population, it’s also characterized by the one with hurdles that may land the sector to a stagnant point and largely affect the entire economy. This study throws light on the gaps in the agriculture sector and the role of NGOs in bridging those gaps, promoting awareness programs and upgrading development facilities. However, the government has been promising to come over all the issues that hurdle the development, but the efforts on its part have not been up to the mark. Meanwhile, NGOs are emerging as a new impetus and shouldering the agricultural development. NGOs as a third sector institutional framework have a bigger role to play in providing a strong and stout support system while ensuring effective implementation of govt. programs towards the sustainable development in various sectors such as education, poverty alleviation, health, agriculture, youth empowerment and community development. Also, this study aims at providing suggestions to effectively utilize the network of NGOs towards upliftment of agriculture sector.
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Usaini, Muhammad, and Sunday Elijah. "The Role of Small Business in Economic Growth and Poverty Alleviation in Nothwest Nigeria." International Journal of Accounting and Finance Studies 3, no. 1 (June 5, 2020): p53. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/ijafs.v3n1p53.
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The great aim of this research is to empirically assess small business-critical roles in economic development and poverty reduction in northwest Nigeria. There is a positive relationship between small enterprise and economic growth in the OLS regression analysis. There is also a clear inverse association between poverty incidence, small business and economic growth. The empirical result thus established the connection between small business, economic growth and poverty incidence.
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Bush, Simon R. "Contextualising fisheries policy in the Lower Mekong Basin." Journal of Southeast Asian Studies 39, no. 3 (September 11, 2008): 329–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022463408000349.
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AbstractDevelopment policies for fishery resources within the Mekong River Basin are increasingly divided between aquaculture and capture fisheries. The modern production orientation of aquaculture has been adopted by government and NGOs and justified by the rhetoric of poverty alleviation and rural development. In contrast, capture fisheries has been subjugated as an activity that reaffirms the dependency of the rural poor on natural resources. This paper critically analyses the division between aquaculture and capture fisheries in Cambodia, Thailand and Lao PDR by tracing the emergence and influence of ‘development narratives’ used to justify contemporary policy and practice.
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Go, Daryn Joy, Natalee Hung, Hannah Ferrolino, Kendall Wilson, Mia Choi, Daniel Mayhugh, and Lincoln Lau. "Utilizing Technology during the COVID-19 Pandemic." Christian Journal for Global Health 7, no. 5 (December 21, 2020): 94–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.15566/cjgh.v7i5.479.
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National lockdowns and social distancing measures enforced in response to COVID-19 have forced many non-governmental organizations (NGOs) serving in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) to suspend their operations. While low-income families continue to suffer from hunger and poverty, community quarantine restrictions additionally isolated them from town centers where healthcare, education, food, supplies, and livelihood opportunities are usually accessed. International Care Ministries (ICM) is a Philippine-based NGO that runs a poverty-alleviation program targeted towards extreme low-income households. As we re-evaluated how we may continue to effectively minister and serve our communities despite lockdown measures, we identified two priorities: (1) to serve people’s physical needs by providing food and access to healthcare, and (2) to serve people’s spiritual needs through spiritual feeding and community. In this field report, we describe how ICM was able to identify and use social network platforms as an alternative to continue both service delivery and spiritual feeding remotely. We hope this example may encourage other development NGOs to persevere as we all continue to seek ways to adapt to these extraordinary and seemingly ever-changing circumstances.
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Yang, Xiaotao, and Kam Hung. "Poverty alleviation via tourism cooperatives in China: the story of Yuhu." International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management 26, no. 6 (August 5, 2014): 879–906. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijchm-02-2013-0085.
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Purpose – This study aims to understand whether poverty alleviation can be realized in tourism via tourism cooperatives. As a fast growing industry in the world, tourism has accelerated economic development in many participating places. A large number of tourism cooperatives have emerged to capture conspicuous economic benefits from tourism in many rural areas of China. The role of tourism cooperatives has not yet been explored from the poverty alleviation perspective. Design/methodology/approach – Two field trips to Yuhu Village, Lijiang, China, which included in-depth interviews, were conducted during August and December 2011, aiming at understanding the roles of tourism cooperatives in poverty alleviation. In-depth interviews with villagers (45) and mangers of tourism cooperative (5) were conducted. A systematic coding procedure including open, axial and selective coding was conducted with the software assistance of ATLAS.TI6.2. Findings – Evidence from Yuhu suggested that resources and power changes, both of which are further divided into both individual and collective levels, are the main contributors to substantial improvements of the poor. Material and social resources were significantly accumulated. In addition, empowerment, referring to the improvements in status, legitimacy and capability/knowledge, facilitated villagers to obtain favorable policies. By embracing a more broad understanding of poverty, the tourism cooperative is proven to effectively alleviate the poverty suffering of Yuhu villagers. Originality/value – Understanding poverty from a multi-dimensional perspective is deemed to be critical to reveal the actual story, as evidenced in this study, with analyzing resource flows and power changes at different stages of tourism development. By embracing a more broad understanding of poverty, the role of tourism cooperatives in poverty alleviation was able to be noticed and emerged from in-depth interviews. A systematic scrutiny has been carried out to examine the pro-poor effects brought about by tourism cooperatives.
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Herani, Gobind M., Pervez Wasim, Allah Wasayo Rajar, and Riaz Ahmed Shaikh. "The Nature of Poverty and Its Prospects: Pakistan Evidence." Journal of Global Economy 4, no. 3 (September 30, 2008): 184–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1956/jge.v4i3.115.
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Livelihood depends upon development, which directly or indirectly needs intervention of Government, NGOs and Community Organizations, etc. Diversification widens people’s options, encourages spatially diverse transactions, increases cash in circulation in rural areas, and enhances human capital by providing those who diversify with new skills and experiences. People living in country are highly skilled can transform the available resources into something usable for consumption. Microcredit programmes have brought the vibrancy of the market economy to the poorest villages and the people of the World. This business approach to alleviation of poverty has allowed millions of individuals to work their way out of poverty with dignity. The contribution made by livelihood diversification to rural livelihoods is a significant one, which has often been ignored by policy makers. As Pakistan is also a developing country, that is why, we need to identify reasons. To keep these things in mind attempt has been made to identify the reasons of poverty as special objective; and to identify strategies made by country for the reduction of poverty and its consequences. This study is an exploratory research.
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Truong, V. Dao, and C. Michael Hall. "Social Marketing and Tourism." Social Marketing Quarterly 19, no. 2 (April 10, 2013): 110–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1524500413484452.
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Though the effectiveness of social marketing has been proven in various areas, it has captured scant research attention of tourism scholars. This article analyzes the social marketing characteristics of a number of tourism-related projects that have been funded by nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) in Vietnam. The importance of NGOs in Vietnam’s development process is highlighted. A search strategy is described where some terms and phrases are combined to identify tourism-related development projects. Forty-five projects were found and assessed against a set of six social marketing benchmarks. Twenty-one projects match all the criteria, where different evaluation measures are noted. Significantly, no project labeled itself in terms of social marketing attributes. The social marketing label is thus not necessarily effective in identifying social marketing interventions in tourism-related projects. Despite some caveats, the article indicates that social marketing may be effective in promoting behavior change for sustainable tourism development and poverty alleviation.
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Fredericks, L. J. "Managing Sustainable Development and Poverty Alleviation in the Islamic World." American Journal of Islam and Society 26, no. 1 (January 1, 2009): 158–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v26i1.1431.
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The Centre for Poverty and Development Studies (CPDS), Faculty of Economicsand Administration, University of Malaya, hosted an internationalconference, “Managing Sustainable Development and PovertyAlleviation inthe IslamicWorld,” on 14-15 October 2008 in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Thisevent attracted around 100 participants and eighteen presenters.The thematic foci reflected the understanding that the Islamic worldexhibits significant and disturbing variations in its levels and magnitudes ofsocioeconomic development, poverty incidence and prevalence, income distributionpatterns, literacy, employment, and economic growth.As these areinconsistent with Islam’s principles and ethics of distributive justice andequity, unity, and social responsibility, Muslim researchers and concernedindividuals must join the quest to devise concerted and collaborative Islamicsolutions to the challenges of sustainable development, as well as of povertyalleviation and eradication, in the Islamic world.Within an Islamic framework, the presenters analyzed poverty as asocioeconomic phenomenon from multiple perspectives. One perspectivejustifies the instrumentality of empowerment in overcoming poverty inIslamic societies. As the poor are powerless, the universal principles ofequality and justice imply a more equitable power distribution in society,and collective social action implies consultation strategies to resolve socialimperfections. InMalaysia’s three poverty-focused organizations, empowermentwas analyzed using a framework of determinants, including trustingthe organizer, local working culture, participants behaving like friends, thegovernment’s role, importance of the organization, belief in and trusting theorganization, and roles at all levels. It was established that individuals, thecommunity, and the organization widely acknowledge empowerment as asignificant determinant for success ...
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Senadjki, Abdelhak, and Jamalludin Sulaiman. "An empirical study on the influence of Islamic values in poverty alleviation." Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research 6, no. 2 (September 14, 2015): 222–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jiabr-05-2012-0027.
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Purpose – This study aims to shed some light on the roles of Islamic values and principles in encouraging households to enhance their livelihood and, therefore, alleviate their poverty. Design/methodology/approach – A structured and tested socio-economic questionnaire instrument was randomly distributed to 102 randomly selected households from the state of Penang in Malaysia. Data collected were analysed using one-way ANOVA tests. Findings – The results indicated that poverty can be fought with commitment, faith and guided principles based on faith. While the self-reliance degree remains indispensable in the development progress of individuals, communities and societies, dependence on others leads to disappointment and failure. Research limitations/implications – This study has its own limitations. First, the study did not consider the gender factor in the analysis. Second, only cash transfer (role of the government) was considered in the study, although other roles such as taxation and social services are probably equally important. Third, the discussion did not pay attention to how the proposed three constructs (Micro, Meso and Macro) are related. Lastly, as proposed by an anonymous reviewer, the present study did not take in consideration how Islamic philosophy perceives the share of responsibility to the three proposed constructs. Does Islam give similar weight to each of them? Practical implications – Sadakah and Waqf should be integrated with the financial systems to halt any misuse of the financial assistance offered to the poor. Social implications – Government assistance remains indispensable through providing the necessities of comfort and well-being to the hardcore poor such as housing, health-care facilities and cash transfer. Originality/value – This study enhances the understanding of how religious adherence and Islamic values influence households’ well-being and paves the way for further research on this crucial issue.
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Ajala, Taiwo. "Gender discrimination in land ownership and the alleviation of women’s poverty in Nigeria." International Journal of Discrimination and the Law 17, no. 1 (March 2017): 51–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1358229117700028.
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In Nigeria, gender roles are manifested in social rights and entitlements in a form which denies women equal economic and political empowerment and, in particular, women right to own land. The consequence of gender discrimination in land ownership is women’s lack of access to land which constitutes a major source and means of wealth creation and economic empowerment, hence women’s vulnerability to poverty. This article considers a land redistribution reform which can address the discrimination against women in land ownership and give women access to land for economic empowerment, thereby alleviating poverty among women in Nigeria. The article proposes that an ideal land reform in Nigeria has to fulfil three key objectives of equity, equality and productivity which the article refers to as ‘new equities’. It argues that only a redistributive land reform which integrates these ‘equities’ can adequately address gender discrimination in land ownership, ensure women’s access to land for economic empowerment and alleviate women’s poverty in Nigeria.
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Zhao, Weibing. "The Nature and Roles of Small Tourism Businesses in Poverty Alleviation: Evidence from Guangxi, China." Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research 14, no. 2 (June 2009): 169–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10941660902847229.
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Ginanjar, Adhitya, and Salina Kassim. "Alleviating Poverty Through Islamic Microfinance: Factors and Measures of Financial Performance, and Roles of Islamic Values and Financial Policies." Journal of Social Sciences Research, no. 54 (April 20, 2019): 1266–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.32861/jssr.54.1266.1273.
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Indonesia has a strong presence of microfinance sector with the number of Islamic Microfinance Institutions (IMFIs) estimated to be around 5,000 currently. Microfinance is an effective tool in alleviating poverty in Indonesia due to the limited access to financial services by the poor who accounted for approximately 96 million Indonesians (or 37% of the total population), living on less than USD 1.90 a day. In the absence of collateral and steady income, the poor are considered too risky to be given credit facilities by the formal financial services providers and living in remote areas has also limited their access to formal financial services. This study aims to examine the poverty alleviation efforts from the perspective of the IMFIs in view of their direct involvement in the process and having rich information about financial issues facing the borrowers. The managers also understand about financial inclusion agenda as well as financial guidelines and regulations issued by the relevant authorities. A total of 34 managers of Baitulmaal Wa Tamwil (BMTs), which registered under the Sharia Cooperative Centre (INKOPSYAH) are taken as respondents from the Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang and Bekasi (JABODETABEK) areas. The first instrument was a survey questionnaire, and the second one was an in-depth interview to outline data related to the model design. The findings of this research are expected to contribute to better decision-making for the BMTs to further enhance its role in alleviating poverty. The findings also elaborate several dimensions to improving financial inclusion among the poor including providing financial services, implementing Islamic principles, significant policies, community-based framework concept and training financial education. This research highlights the need for a variety of strategies to warrant success of poverty alleviation efforts by BMT.
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Wang, Yifan, Dengju Wang, and Rong Zhao. "The Effectiveness of the Ecological Forest Rangers Policy in Southwest China." Forests 12, no. 6 (June 5, 2021): 746. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f12060746.
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To achieve the dual goal of poverty alleviation and ecological restoration, the policy of ecological forest rangers (EFRs) was implemented in rural poverty-stricken areas in China, where local residents commonly depend on nearby forest resources for livelihoods. This study aimed to analyze the short-term and long-term effectiveness of the EFRs policy in China mainly in poverty alleviation and income growth, with a brief discussion on the ecological effect of the policy. A questionnaire survey was conducted in four counties in the Karst rocky desertification region in southwest China. By combing through the early literature on REDD+, community forestry, leasehold forestry, etc., this paper summarizes the experience and lessons of similar community forest management models, aiming to explain the unsustainability of EFRs policy from the perspective of forest tenure and governance. The findings of the effectiveness analysis of EFRs policy in the four poverty-stricken counties reflect different degrees of effect in rural households with different income levels. We believe that the EFRs policy has played important roles in short-term regional poverty alleviation while its potential for long-term income growth has not been stimulated. For the amendment of EFRs policy, we put forward the following points: (1) It is necessary to redesign the selection and recruitment mechanism, as well as the exit mechanism of EFRs adapting to the local conditions. (2) It is advisable to further improve the local assessment and monitoring system of forest protection quality of EFRs and optimize the establishment of benefit linkage mechanism between protection effectiveness and EFRs remuneration. (3) The EFRs remuneration standards should be dynamically raised to assure the active participation of EFRs in forest protection. Furthermore, there is a need for one more effective integration model of forest protection and rural livelihoods improvement, which is considered as a potential future research direction.
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Pogge, Thomas, and Luis Cabrera. "Outreach, Impact, Collaboration: Why Academics Should Join to Stand Against Poverty." Ethics & International Affairs 26, no. 2 (2012): 163–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0892679412000275.
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This article offer reasons why academics should feel compelled to play a more direct role in the alleviation of global poverty, specifically through participation in a new international network, Academics Stand Against Poverty (ASAP). Academics have the specialized training and knowledge, and the societal role, that make them particularly well equipped to make a significant contribution. They also have responsibilities to answer sometimes spurious or misleading claims made about aspects of global poverty by others in the profession, and to highlight ways in which their own governments are implicated in the perpetuation of severe global poverty. By joining forces with like-minded others in a group such as ASAP, they can enhance their own impact on poverty dialogue and policy outcomes. Those academics already playing prominent direct roles—for example, as government consultants, in public discourse, or through leadership in professional associations—can deepen their influence through sharing their insights and expertise with other ASAP members
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Smith, T., J. F. Morton, and E. Nengomasha. "Dissemination of outputs from a cluster of livestock production programme projects in Zimbabwe." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 2005 (2005): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1752756200009406.
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During the mid to late 1990’s a cluster of Livestock Production Programme (LPP) projects, funded by the Department for International Development (DFID) was established in Zimbabwe, as a representative country of southern sub-Saharan Africa, to develop outputs to increase the livestock contribution to the alleviation of poverty. All stakeholders were involved with the projects from the planning stage and participatory on-farm research was a key feature. Several of the projects addressed one of the major constraints to livestock production in arid and semi-arid areas, dry season feeding, the animal species considered being poultry, donkeys (draught power), goats and milking cows. The benefits of these projects can only be realised through effective dissemination to relevant target groups (farmers, extension staff, which because of failing government extension services in several African countries, must include NGOs, churches and local organizations, and policy makers) and development of relevant training materials.
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Ikgopoleng, Horatio, and Branko Cavric. "An evaluation of the integrated poverty alleviation and housing scheme in Botswana, case of Ramotswa village." Spatium, no. 26 (2011): 26–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/spat1126026i.
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This article evaluates the effectiveness of the Integrated Poverty Alleviation and Housing Scheme (IPAHS) in Ramotswa; an urban village located 32 km south-east of the capital city of Botswana, Gaborone. This study emanates from the fact that low income urban and rural residents with no formal employment were left out of the Self Help Housing Scheme (SHHA). The SHHA was mandated to facilitate the acquisition of subsidised land and loan to purchase building materials. One of the major conditions to qualify for SHHA is that applicants should have formal employment.; the IPAHS was specifically introduced to facilitate economic empowerment to poor households who do not qualify under the SHHA scheme. The IPAHS scheme is a twothronged approach mandated to equip the residents with skills to build/improve houses for themselves and create employment for themselves through molding of bricks for sale in an effort to alleviate poverty. This paper is based on documentary and field research. The field research has a participatory component involving discussion and open ended interviews with relevant government departments. It also involves the administration of structured questionnaire survey to 30 beneficiaries of the scheme. Results show that despite high uptake of the scheme within the country, there are several challenges such as insufficient income to build or improve their houses, signs of poverty in living environments of beneficiaries, uncoordinated roles of various institutions which are major stakeholders in the implementation of the scheme. The scheme requires pragmatic policies geared to meet the needs and aspirations of the poor. There is a need for policy interventions through Government commitment to principles such as the right to housing by every citizen, coordination of roles played by different stakeholders to support the sustainability of the scheme.
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Thrikawala, Sujani, Stuart Locke, and Krishna Reddy. "Social Performance of Microfinance Institutions (MFIs): Does Existing Practice Imply a Social Objective?" American Journal of Business and Management 2, no. 2 (May 30, 2013): 173. http://dx.doi.org/10.11634/216796061706285.
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Many microfinance institutions (MFIs) are currently drifting away from their original mission of alleviating poverty. The objective of this article is to identify and update significant social performance (SP) for micro-finance institutions (MFIs) by viewing social performance measures as a way to address the development of MFIs. Unlike traditional performance measurements, social performance measurements are more allied with the organisation’s social and development goals. This study has therefore reviewed prior empirical studies and consultancy reports dealing with poverty alleviation to determine important social performance measurements for MFIs to achieve their social goals. Further, this study scrutinises 415 MFIs that have reported their social performance in the Microfinance Information Exchange (MIX) database in 2008 and 2009. The findings have revealed that from 2008 to 2009 the number of MFIs reporting social performance increased by 72 per cent; 80 per cent of them are Non-governmental Organisations (NGOs) and Non-banking Financial Institutions (NFBIs). This study therefore provides direction for future research in performance assessment, balancing social and financial objectives in the microfinance industry. It is also a step in conducting more research and recommending regulation of the social performance of MFIs that will require them to engage in more empirical research work using micro-econometrics techniques in the future to support the available conceptual literature.
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Kalilou, Ousseyni. "Climate change and conflict in the Sahel: the acacia gum tree as a tool for environmental peacebuilding." International Affairs 97, no. 1 (January 2021): 201–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ia/iiaa178.
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Abstract Environmental stress contributes to food insecurity, poverty, forced migration and violent conflict in the Sahel, with climate change aggravating the situation. The production of gum arabic from the acacia tree increasingly aligns with the community stakeholders’ efforts to promote climate change mitigation, adaptation and resilience. Based on expert interviews and field observations in Niger, and a reading of relevant documents, I found that gum arabic production is valuable for conflict mitigation because it helps tackle the root causes of violent conflicts. The acacia gum tree is a natural soil fixer and multinational companies have coveted the resin from the tree, which is a rising commodity and a promising source of revenue for the local inhabitants. As different communities work together and cooperate with outside actors (government agencies, international partners, NGOs and businesses), the opportunities to build social cohesion around the tree increase. By facilitating ecological improvement, social inclusion and poverty alleviation, the promotion of gum arabic production, despite other issues such as bad natural resource governance, is a critical environmental peacebuilding strategy. Hence, suitable funding of massive afforestation with the acacia tree fits with community-based natural climate solutions to global humanitarian issues by protecting and restoring the local environment.
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Misnawati, Misnawati, Hasbi, Abd Rasyid J, Yusriadi Yusriadi, and Saidna Zulfiqar Bin-Tahir. "The Role of Family Hope Program Actor in Empowering Poor Society (Case Study of Bone Regency) Indonesia." Journal of Public Administration and Governance 9, no. 2 (July 3, 2019): 359. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jpag.v9i2.14875.
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The Family Hope Program (PKH) is one of government policy programs in poverty alleviation by involving the main actor who called PPKH. This study aimed to describe the task and function of PPKH in empowering the sick society in Bone Regency. Qualitative approach used with case study research. Data collection techniques used was interviews, observation, and documentation. The instrument in this study was the researcher himself as a human instrument, while the informants selected by a purposive method. Data analysis techniques used an interactive model includes data collection, data reduction, data presentation, verification, and conclusion. The results of the study showed that PPKH has carried out their roles well as representatives and technicians but have not been optimal in their roles as facilitators and educators.
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Matsuzawa, Setsuko. "A Donor Influenced by Local Dynamics." Sociology of Development 2, no. 1 (2016): 51–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/sod.2016.2.1.51.
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This article explores the relations between a foreign aid donor and local actors in the context of the dissemination of development discourses and practices in an authoritarian context. It addresses the question “To what extent may the local dynamics alter the original goals of a donor and lead to unintended consequences?” Based on archival research, interviews, and secondary literature, this case study examines the Yunnan Uplands Management Project (YUM) in 1990–95, the Ford Foundation's first grant program on rural poverty alleviation in China. While the Foundation did not attain its main goal of making YUM a national model for poverty alleviation, the local actors were able to use YUM to develop individual capacities and to build roles for themselves as development actors in the form of associations and nongovernmental organizations, resulting in further support from the Foundation. The study contributes to our understanding of donor-local actor dynamics by highlighting the gaps between the original goals of a donor and the perspectives and motivations of local actors. The study suggests that local dynamics may influence the goals of donors and the ways they seek to disseminate development discourses and practices to local actors, despite the common conception of donors as hegemonic or culturally imperialistic.
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Jeini Usoh, Elni, Daniel Adolf Ohyver, Ahmad Puad Mat Som, and Norsuhaily Abu Bakar. "Globalisation and Gender Equality in Education: Government and NGO’s Roles in Empowering Women." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 4.34 (December 13, 2018): 128. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.34.23843.
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One of the remarkable advantages of globalisation is people having more access to adequate education, both for formal and informal. Although education is not shared evenly all over the world, through globalisation, there is an awakening process when most countries realise that education is not only a crucial factor in developing human resources, but also essential for economic improvement and technology expansion. Education is a primary need and a fundamental right for everyone, yet many women still lack of education, which has the potential to enhance their lives, particularly to fight against poverty. This article will argue that education needs in rural areas in Indonesia are not being shared equally by both genders. The results show that globalised standards of education are falling short for female students due to several reasons, such as financial constraints and cultural preferences for males. Therefore, the roles of the government and NGOs are vitally important in empowering women, particularly in rural areas. This article also draws the ethnographic data from rural areas in Minahasa Regency in North Sulawesi, Indonesia. This article recommended that the government should enhance the access to all educational stages, improve the education quality and distribute more funds in education to implement the educational fees exemption program. It can be concluded that NGOs can play the important role in assisting the government strategies. The roles may be conducted by embarking on campaigns for education. It may lead to increasing number of education enrolment and enlarging the opportunity for children and women to attain sufficient education.
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Nyoka, Charles. "Education Level and Income Disparities: Implications for Financial Inclusion through Mobile Money Adoption in South Africa." Comparative Economic Research. Central and Eastern Europe 22, no. 4 (December 30, 2019): 129–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cer-2019-0036.
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Financial inclusion has recently become an issue of concern the world over for governments, policymakers, non‑governmental organizations (NGOs), and financial and non‑financial institutions alike. McKinnon (1973) and Shaw (1973), in seminal presentations, brought the world’s attention to the importance of an effective financial system for economic development. In recent years, there has been growing theoretical and empirical works showing the strong linkages between financial development with economic growth and poverty alleviation. After conducting statistical analysis using Stata version 14 for Windows with a multivariate binary logistic regression modeling technique applied, this paper tested and concluded that there is a statically significant relationship between educational levels on the one‑and and income levels on the other on the probability of one having a mobile banking account in South Africa. From a policy perspective, this information will assist policymakers in making more informed decisions with respect to education, and from the banking fraternity point of view it will help, them in the developments of products that are more in line with the population’s education and income levels.
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Rahayu, Ninik Sri. "The Intersection of Islamic Microfinance and Women’s Empowerment: A Case Study of Baitul Maal Wat Tamwil in Indonesia." International Journal of Financial Studies 8, no. 2 (June 22, 2020): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijfs8020037.
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It is largely assumed that Islamic microfinance institutions (IMFIs) deal with family empowerment instead of women’s empowerment. However, women are the main beneficiaries of Baitul Maal Wat Tamwil (BMT), Indonesia’s first IMFIs. This paper aims to explore the origins, the initiators, and the visions of BMTs and the extent to which they intersect with women’s empowerment. Employing a qualitative approach, this study selected four BMTs in Yogyakarta as a case study. It found that four critical groups that have a significant role in the development of Indonesian BMTs: ICMI (Association of Indonesian Muslim Intellectual), Islamic mass organizations, NGOs, and local governments. The issues of loan sharks and poverty alleviation were the primary factors driving the inception of BMTs. Despite women being crucial clients, none of the studied BMTs explicitly invoked women’s empowerment in their organizational vision. To conclude, the BMTs’ preference for women is not based on an understanding of gender inequality, but rather motivated by pragmatic business considerations, particularly the self-sustainability paradigm that underpins their practices.
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Rahmawati, Agustina. "Evaluasi Program Gerdu Kempling Sebagai Upaya Penanggulangan Kemiskinan di Kota Semarang (Studi Kasus: Kelurahan Palebon, Kecamatan Pedurungan)." Sawala : Jurnal Administrasi Negara 6, no. 1 (May 12, 2018): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.30656/sawala.v6i1.546.
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Integrated Movement Program in the Field of Health, Economy, Education, Infrastructure, and Environment or abbreviated Gerdu Kempling Semarang City Government was launched based on Local Regulation No. 4 of 2008 on Poverty Alleviation and Instruction of Mayor of Semarang number 054/2/2011 on Acceleration of Poverty Reduction Semarang City. This program targets poverty to fall by 2% every year. To achieve these objectives, Semarang City government cooperates with private parties, state-owned enterprises, universities and NGOs. One of the kelurahans who have implemented Gerdu Kempling program is the Palebon village. The Village get CSR from PDAM Tirta Moedal, PT Telkom and Rotary Club for Rp 200 million which is used to carry out empowerment activities. However, there are some problems that affect the outcome of the Gerdu Kempling program in the Palebon subdistrict. Based on this study, this study evaluates the performance of Gerdu Kempling program in Palebon sub-district by observing the phenomenon of input, process, output, and outcome. The approach used is descriptive qualitative with interview data collection method, questionnaire, and documentation study. The data already collected will be presented and reduced then drawn conclusions. The results of this research are that the program input is correct, but the main problem is in the process of improper policy transformation which involves short time of empowerment that is only 1 year, the types of activities that are not in accordance with the needs of the community and not sustainable, and monitoring evaluation only administrative and no measure of success in the program. These problems affect the results of community appraisal of outputs and outcomes where most people state that they are not yet self-sufficient through the Gerdu Kempling program. However, the community also assessed the greatest impact felt is the field of environment and infrastructure.Keywords: Poverty, Gerdu Kempling, Village
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Tschirley, David L., and Rui Benfica. "Smallholder agriculture, wage labour and rural poverty alleviation in land-abundant areas of Africa: evidence from Mozambique." Journal of Modern African Studies 39, no. 2 (June 2001): 333–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x01003585.
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This paper challenges the conclusions of earlier writers regarding the roles of smallholder agriculture, commercial agriculture and wage labour in rural poverty alleviation in Mozambique. We review literature from across Sub-Saharan Africa and use recently collected household level data sets to place Mozambique within this literature. Results show that, as in the rest of SSA, wage labour earnings are concentrated among the best-off rural smallholders; these earnings increase income inequality rather than reducing it. Results also suggest that the same set of households, who are substantially better-off than others, has tended to gain and maintain access to the ‘high-wage’ end of the labour market over time. Key determinants of access to ‘high-wage’ labour are levels of education and previously accumulated household wealth. Income from wage labour plays a key role in lifting out of relative poverty those ‘female-headed’ households that can obtain it, yet only about one in five such households earns wage income. We stress that the rural development question in Mozambique, and elsewhere in SSA, should not be framed as an artificial choice between promoting either wage labour opportunities or commercial agriculture or smallholder agriculture. The issue is what mix of approaches is needed to develop a diversified rural economy with growing total incomes, improving food security and rapid reductions in poverty. We suggest that commercial agriculture and increased rural wage labour are important components in any such strategy, but that this strategy will fail without substantial and sustained increases in the productivity and profitability of smallholder agriculture.
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Pokhrel, Shiba Raj. "Institutions and rural economy in Rolpa district of Nepal." Geographical Journal of Nepal 12 (April 1, 2019): 135–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/gjn.v12i1.23420.
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This paper aims to analyze a pertinent academic debate pragmatically whether institutions assist in promoting life standard and betterment of the common people or they act just as an instrument to perpetuate poverty and fulfill the interest of vested group. To accomplish this task, Marxist, Post-Marxist theories are taken into consideration in order to indicate how an institution or the process of institutionalization as such is debated and perceived in social science academia. Likewise, the research also uses the popular research methodology of pragmatism which focuses on data collection, analysis and field study. The research is conducted in Sunil Smirti Gaupalika (Rural Municipality) of Rolpa district and focuses on the role of institutions in order to transform particularly the economic life of the people. The research divides institutions into two parts. The first one includes the governmental local institution Gaupalika. The second part includes INGO/NGOs. This division enables to decipher and historicize what these government and non government institutions have done independently and collectively to uplift the life of target group. The research finds that INGO/NGOs and locals institution in the remote village like Sunil Smirti Gaupalika have played significant roles on uniting the economically poor and make individual and collective efforts to fight against poverty. They work to find out the poor and economically weak section of the society by setting target group, generating the awareness and providing conductive environment for putting collective effort in their fight against poverty to a certain extent. Therefore, these two types of institutions have been found tremendously supportive in uniting what Marx calls “have-nots” of Sunil Smirti Gaupalika. However, the research also finds that mostly Brahmin/Chhetri communities have been benefitted by these programs. In comparison the ratio of economic growth between Brahmin-Chhetri community and Janjati community-Dalit community, the first one is found to be accelerating whereas the second one is slower and sluggish.
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Kachkar, Omar Ahmad. "Towards the establishment of cash waqf microfinance fund for refugees." ISRA International Journal of Islamic Finance 9, no. 1 (July 10, 2017): 81–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijif-07-2017-007.
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Purpose This paper aims to propose cash waqf (endowment) to develop a conceptual model that can be utilised to extend microfinance for refugees. Design/methodology/approach Qualitative method is used in this research. An extensive review of the literature has been conducted. Latest literature on refugees, microfinance has been critically examined beside the current cash waqf models. Findings Empirical studies have shown that many refugees are equipped with marketable skills and talents that can be utilised to improve their socio-economic situations. The proposed model – cash waqf refugee microfinance fund (CWRMF) – is structured to extend microfinance to potential refugee micro entrepreneurs. To address the lack of collateral, which is a requirement to gain any microfinance, CWRMF has been incorporated with a takaful unit (cooperation) by which refugees may guarantee each other. Additionally, the model has also been structured to address the challenge of sustainability of the institution that would provide microfinance. Hence, a reserve fund has also been integrated into the model. Practical implications CWRMF represents a potential model to be implemented by humanitarian non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and aid agencies to support livelihood of refugees in particular for Muslim refugees. Positive outcome is expected from the implementation of this model. This is because of the various advantages of microfinance programs not only on refugees but also on concerned NGOs, host populations and donor parties. Additionally, this paper is a set of primarily thoughts aims to open the door wider for more researchers to explore the potential of cash waqf as one of the instruments to finance refugee microenterprises and business activities. Originality/value Recently cash waqf has been into several models for socio-economic development and poverty alleviation. This paper is proposing cash waqf as a source for a microfinance fund that can contribute in the improvement of socio-economic situations of millions of refugees around the world.
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Osti, Rabindra. "Forms of community participation and agencies’ role for the implementation of water‐induced disaster management: protecting and enhancing the poor." Disaster Prevention and Management: An International Journal 13, no. 1 (February 1, 2004): 6–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09653560410521643.
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Water‐induced hazards and disasters are usually compounded by the mismanagement of local water resources. Since the community bears the burden of disaster and is the first responder to the event, it is imperative to build the capacity of the community to enhance their coping mechanism and resilience to prepare for and face the disaster. The best strategy for the immediate as well as the long term cost‐benefit and pro‐environmental implications that will ensure prevention, mitigation and rehabilitation of water‐induced disaster is to ensure strong community participation. This paper elucidates the different forms of community participation and their comparative advantages in a socio‐economic dimension, thereby poverty alleviation. Agencies’ roles are analyzed in response to community participation. It is hoped that these theoretical and practical tips will benefit both community and agencies to work out better performances in advance.