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Thoma, Eben, Ingrid George, Rachelle Duvall, Tai Wu, Donald Whitaker, Karen Oliver, Shaibal Mukerjee, et al. "Rubbertown Next Generation Emissions Measurement Demonstration Project." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 11 (June 8, 2019): 2041. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16112041.
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Industrial facilities and other sources can emit air pollutants from fugitive leaks, process malfunctions and area sources that can be difficult to understand and to manage. Next generation emissions measurement (NGEM) approaches executed near facilities are enabling new ways to assess these sources and their impacts to nearby populations. This paper describes complementary uses of emerging NGEM systems in a Louisville, KY industrial district (Rubbertown), focusing on an important area air toxic, 1,3-butadiene. Over a one-year deployment starting in September 2017, two-week average passive samplers (PSs) at 11 sites showed both geospatial and temporal trends. At 0.24 ppbv annual average 1,3-butadiene concentration, a group of PSs located near facility fence lines was elevated compared to a PS group located in the community and upwind from facilities (0.07 ppbv average). Two elevated PS periods capturing emission events were examined using time-resolved NGEM approaches as case studies. In one event a 1.18 ppbv PS reading was found to be relatively localized and was caused by a multiday emission from a yet to be identified, non-facility source. In the other event, the airshed was more broadly impacted with PS concentrations ranging from 0.71 ppbv for the near-facility group to 0.46 ppbv for the community group. This case was likely influenced by a known emission event at an industrial facility. For both case studies, air pollutant and wind data from prototype NGEM systems were combined with source location models to inform the emission events. This research illustrates the power of applying NGEM approaches to improve both the understanding of emissions near sources and knowledge of impacts to near-source communities.
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Croci, G., G. Claps, M. Cavenago, M. Dalla Palma, G. Grosso, F. Murtas, R. Pasqualotto, et al. "nGEM fast neutron detectors for beam diagnostics." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 720 (August 2013): 144–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2012.12.014.
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Croci, G., M. Rebai, G. Claps, M. Cavenago, M. Dalla Palma, G. Gervasini, G. Grosso, et al. "nGEM neutron diagnostic concept for high power deuterium beams." Journal of Instrumentation 7, no. 03 (March 6, 2012): C03010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/7/03/c03010.
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Muraro, A., G. Croci, G. Albani, G. Claps, M. Cavenago, C. Cazzaniga, M. Dalla Palma, et al. "Performance of the full size nGEM detector for the SPIDER experiment." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 813 (March 2016): 147–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2015.12.015.
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Croci, G., C. Cazzaniga, G. Albani, A. Muraro, G. Claps, M. Cavenago, G. Grosso, et al. "Performance of a Medium-Size Area nGEM Detector for Neutron Beam Diagnostics." Physics Procedia 62 (2015): 118–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phpro.2015.02.022.
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Muraro, A., G. Croci, M. Rebai, E. Perelli Cippo, G. Grosso, M. Cavenago, G. Claps, et al. "Directionality properties of the nGEM detector of the CNESM diagnostic system for SPIDER." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 916 (February 2019): 47–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2018.10.187.
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Smithberger, Erin, Abigail Shelton, Madison Butler, Alex Flores, Ryan Bash, Steven Angus, Michael East, et al. "DRES-13. DUAL KINASE INHIBITION TO COMBAT EGFR-INHIBITOR RESISTANCE IN GLIOBLASTOMA." Neuro-Oncology 21, Supplement_6 (November 2019): vi74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noz175.300.
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Abstract Glioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive primary brain tumor with a poor survival rate. One of the most common molecular alterations seen in GBM is amplification and/or mutation of the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR), which has made it an attractive therapeutic target. However, several EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors have been tested clinically in GBM with minimal success. One reason for this lack of efficacy could be due to acute, adaptive resistance via alternative pathway activation. To investigate this mechanism of tumor resistance, we used RNA-seq and multiplex inhibitor bead/mass spectrometry (MIB-MS) to analyze the transcriptomes and kinomes of genetically engineered murine astrocytes with common GBM genotypes. We have previously shown that 38% of the expressed kinome varied among a panel of diverse nGEM astrocytes harboring Cdkn2a deletion (C) plus Pten deletion (CP), wild-type human EGFR (CE) or EGFRvIII (CEv3) overexpression or both EGFRvIII overexpression and Pten deletion (CEv3P). Although CE have a similar transcriptional profile to C cells at baseline, when treated with the EGFR inhibitor afatinib, CE respond more similarly to CEv3 cells. When cells containing endogenous murine EGFR (C and CP) are treated with afatinib, fewer than 0.5% of kinases showed differential expression. In cells with EGFR overexpression alone, more than 6% of kinases were differentially expressed upon afatinib treatment, including Ntrk3, Fgfr2 and 3, Lyn, Bmx, Epha2 and 5, Fn3k, a kinase involved in fructosamine processing, and Nrbp2, a kinase involved in regulation of apoptosis. This effect was blunted in cells lacking Pten in addition to having EGFRvIII (CEv3P), resulting in less than 2% of kinases being differentially expressed. The only kinase upregulated in all three EGFR-overexpressing cell types was Coq8a, which is involved in electron transport and response to DNA damage. Given this overlap in response, Coq8a could be a potential dual treatment target for GBM.
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Mattingly, D. J. "Farmers and Frontiers. Exploiting and Defending the Countryside of Roman Tripolitania." Libyan Studies 20 (January 1989): 135–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026371890000666x.
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The past two decades have seen dramatic changes of perspective and an explosion of new information in the broad fields covered by this overview. Within the constraints of space allowed it is not possible to cover all aspects or to mention all relevant publications. References to pre-1969 work have been kept to a minimum, except where dramatic revision of older views is now necessary.The traditional picture of the Roman frontier in Tripolitania owes an incalculable debt to the pioneering work of Richard Goodchild. Much of his observation remains of the highest value (accessible particularly through the volume of collected articles (edited by Joyce Reynolds), Goodchild 1976), but in the 40 years since his initial work on the limes Tripolitanus (1949a/b; 1950a/b; Ward-Perkins and Goodchild 1949) the available body of data has increased greatly and the conceptual framework for interpreting it has changed considerably (the scale of the reappraisal may be judged by comparing Brogan and Smith 1957 and 1985). The most controversial aspects of Goodchild's work concern the date of the development of a frontier in Tripolitania and the interpretation of the fortified farms which are so characteristic of the zone: ‘…no traces of a pre-Severan limes have yet been found. In this respect it may be significant that the linear fossata which Baradez has proved to constitute the central feature of the Numidian limes, and which he tentatively dated to the Hadrianic period, have not yet been found in the area of modern Tripolitania … Apart from … the outer fortresses of Gheriat el-Garbia and Bu Ngem … the military works of the limes Tripolitanus seem to have consisted almost exclusively of fortified farmhouses occupied by Libyan limitanei.’ (Goodchild 1950 = 1976, 44).
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Licciardi, Andrea, and Nicola Piana Agostinetti. "Sedimentary basin exploration with receiver functions: Seismic structure and anisotropy of the Dublin Basin (Ireland)." GEOPHYSICS 82, no. 4 (July 1, 2017): KS41—KS55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2016-0471.1.
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Teleseismic receiver functions (RFs) were used to investigate the seismic structure of the southern margin of the Dublin Basin, a potential geothermal site. Through an inversion-based approach, the elastic properties and seismic anisotropy of sedimentary basin units were examined, using data from a linear array of closely spaced seismic stations. Our results were compared with sonic logs and lithostratigraphies from two nearby boreholes, NGE1 and NGE2 and colocated active seismic data. Including a high-frequency RF (up to 8 Hz) allowed us to compute S-wave velocity models with a vertical resolution [Formula: see text]. The results indicated the presence of a subvertical lateral discontinuity in [Formula: see text], in correspondence with the main basin-bounding fault (Blackrock-Newcastle Fault [BNF]). North of this discontinuity, a shallow low-velocity layer thickens (from 0.7 to 1.0 km thick) toward the inner basin, in agreement with the geometry of the shallowest reflector found by active seismics. A good correlation was also found between the sonic log at NGE1 and our velocity model. Station DB02 showed an increase in [Formula: see text] at a depth of approximately 0.7 km and a decrease in [Formula: see text] at approximately 1.4 km in depth. Two velocity jumps with matching polarities were also observed in the NGE1 sonic log at the contact between the Upper and Lower Calp formations (positive jump, 688 m deep), and between a calcarenite and a sandstone layers (negative jump, 1337 m deep). Moreover, the main velocity contrasts in our model agree with the major lithostratigraphic boundaries inferred from borehole-drilled samples. Two juxtaposed anisotropic layers are identified close to the BNF. Directions of the slow axis of anisotropy are consistent with the borehole structural data. From these observations, the presence of aligned open cracks within the sandstones, possibly fluid-filled, was inferred up to a depth of 2.3 km in the vicinity of the BNF.
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Степаненко, Н. С. "ЛОКАТИВНА ФУНКЦІЯ РОДОВОГО ВІДМІНКА: УКРАЇНСЬКО -РОСІЙСЬКІ АСИМЕТРІЙНІ ЗВ’ЯЗКИ." Лінгвістичні дослідження, no. 56 (2022): 141–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.34142/23127546.2022.56.10.
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У статті в компаративному плані з’ясовано семантичну диференціацію локативності, закріплену за родовим відмінком української та російської мов. Установлено збіжності, що стосуються конкретних значень із просторовою детермінацією і прийменникового складу конструкцій, утворених за моделлю V + Prep + Ngen. Основну увагу приділено характеристиці асиметрійності на рівні окремих прийменників і прийменниково-відмінкових структур. Удокладнено проаналізовано значеннєвий обсяг, лексико-семантичну будову, стилістичний потенціал, синтагматичні можливості українських синтаксем V + З-НАД + Ngen, V + З-ПЕРЕД + Ngen, V + З-ПОПЕРЕД + Ngen, V + З-ПОМІЖ + Ngen, V + З-МІЖ + Ngen, V + З-МЕЖИ + Ngen,V + З-ПРОМІЖ + Ngen, V + З-ПОМЕЖИ + Ngen, V + ПЕРЕД + Ngen.
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Suárez-García, Zara, David Álvarez-García, Patricia García-Redondo, and Celestino Rodríguez. "The Effect of a Mindfulness-Based Intervention on Attention, Self-Control, and Aggressiveness in Primary School Pupils." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 7 (April 3, 2020): 2447. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17072447.
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The objective of this study was to examine the effect of Mindkeys Training, a mindfulness-based educational intervention, on attention, self-control, and aggressiveness in third-year primary school pupils. In order to achieve this aim, a switching replications design was used. Two groups of third year primary students (nGE1 = 40; nGE2 = 33), aged between 7 and 10 years old (M = 8.08; DT = 0.49), had the intervention at different time points, such that while one served as the experimental group, the other served as the control group. Longitudinal differences were examined in both groups, and cross-sectional differences were examined between the two groups at three time points; at the start of the study, and following the intervention with each group. To that end, measurements of problems of attention, deficits of self-control, and aggressiveness for students were obtained via a teacher rating scale. The intervention program demonstrated a positive effect on the reduction of pupils’ attention problems, deficits of self-control, and aggressiveness. The effects were greater on the cognitive variables that the intervention worked on directly (attention and self-control). Attention was the variable on which the intervention exhibited the longest term effects.
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Nguyễn, Ngọc Nhã Thảo, Đức Linh Võ, Duy Khánh Đặng, and Thị Trang Đài Nguyễn. "NGHIÊN CỨU QUY TRÌNH BÀO CHẾ, ĐÁNH GIÁ HOẠT TÍNH KHÁNG KHUẨN, CHỐNG OXY HÓA CỦA CAO ĐẶC ETHANOL RAU CÀNG CUA (PEPEROMIA PELLUCIDA (L.) KUNTH)." Tạp chí Y Dược học Cần Thơ, no. 56 (January 30, 2023): 174–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.58490/ctump.2023i56.522.
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Đặt vấn đề: Rau Càng cua (Peperomia pellucida (L.) Kunth) có rất nhiều tác dụng dược lý được công bố trên thế giới nhưng rất ít nghiên cứu trên dược liệu này ở Việt Nam. Việc nghiên cứu nhằm đánh giá các tác dụng của dược liệu rau Càng cua mọc tại Việt Nam. Mục tiêu nghiên cứu: Xây dựng quy trình bào chế, tiêu chuẩn hóa, khảo sát sơ bộ thành phần hóa học và đánh giá tác dụng kháng khuẩn, chống oxy hóa của cao đặc ethanol từ rau Càng cua. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Trong nghiên cứu này, cao đặc ethanol của rau Càng cua sẽ được khảo sát các thông số chiết xuất và bào chế phù hợp với phương pháp ngấm kiệt và tiêu chuẩn hóa cao chiết, sơ bộ đánh giá hoạt tính kháng khuẩn bằng phương pháp khuếch tán giếng thạch, hoạt tính chống oxy hóa bằng phương pháp DPPH, FRAP. Kết quả: Xây dựng quy trình chiết ngấm kiệt với thời gian ngâm lạnh là 18 giờ; tỷ lệ dược liệu: dung môi là 1:12; loại chlorophyl bằng than hoạt với tỷ lệ 1:0,3 là phù hợp; cao đặc ethanol rau Càng cua có các nhóm chất saponin, alkaloid, polyphenol và chất khử, trong đó hàm lượng polyphenol là 12,44 mgGAE/g, cao bào chế có tác dụng kháng khuẩn yếu đối với Staphylococcus aureus, hầu như không tác dụng trên E. coli, có khả năng đánh bắt gốc tự do DPPH và FRAP với IC50 và EC50 lần lượt là 2535,12 µg/mL và 189,69 µg/mL. Kết luận: Đã xây dựng quy trình bào chế cao đặc ethanol của rau Càng cua và thử tác dụng kháng khuẩn và chống oxy hóa góp phần định hướng các nghiên cứu tiếp theo về tác dụng dược lý có ích của rau Càng cua tại Việt Nam.
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Nguyễn, Thị Thảo, and Thị Cẩm Ngọc Bùi. "Thành lập cơ sở dữ liệu và bản đồ công trình ngầm khu vực đô thị." Tạp chí Khoa học Đo đạc và Bản đồ, no. 20 (June 1, 2014): 52–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.54491/jgac.2014.20.109.
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Công trình ngầm đóng vai trò quan trọng trong công tác phát triển đô thị. Việc quản lý, khai thác và sử dụng các công trình ngầm một cách hiệu quả và tiết kiệm tài nguyên đất cần có bản đồ công trình ngầm. Bài báo đưa ra nội dung, qui trình thành lập bản đồ công trình ngầm(CTN), phương pháp thể hiện các đối tượng CTN, xây dựng cơ sở dữ liệu CTN đáp ứng yêu cầu cấp thiết về khai thác và quản lý các công trình ngầm tại đô thị.
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Han, Jae Ho, Kyung Don Nam, Sang Whan Park, and Young Do Kim. "Synthesis and Characterization of Ti3(Al1-n Gen)C2 by a Reactive Hot Pressing of TiCx, Al, and Ge Powder Mixture." Solid State Phenomena 124-126 (June 2007): 751–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.124-126.751.
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Bulk Ti3(Al1-nGen)C2 (n=0, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7, 1.0)were synthesized by a reactive hot pressing of TiCX (x=0.6), Al and Ge powder mixture at 1400 °C for 1 h under 25 MPa. A series of Ti3(Al1-nGen)C2 was successfully synthesised by a hot pressing through a direct liquid-solid reaction between Al-Ge melt and TiCx, and simultaneous densification. Synthesized bulk Ti3(Al1-nGen)C2 was maintained a typical layered structure as shown in other ternary carbide such as Ti3AlC2 and Ti3GeC2. With increasing Al or Ge contents in Ti3(Al1-nGen)C2, both of Vickers hardness and flexural strength of Ti3(Al1-nGen)C2 were increased compared to those of pure Ti3AlC2 and Ti3GeC2 . The maximum flexural strength of Ti3(Al1-nGen)C2 (n=0.3) was about 600 MPa, which was about 3 times higher than that of pure Ti3GeC2. The Vickers hardnesses of Ti3(Al1-nGen)C2 and Ti3AlC2 were slightly decreased with increasing an indentation load.
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Otake, Hiroko, Mizuki Yamaguchi, Fumihiko Ogata, Saori Deguchi, Naoki Yamamoto, Hiroshi Sasaki, Naohito Kawasaki, and Noriaki Nagai. "Transdermal System Based on Solid Cilostazol Nanoparticles Attenuates Ischemia/Reperfusion-Induced Brain Injury in Mice." Nanomaterials 11, no. 4 (April 15, 2021): 1009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11041009.
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Cilostazol (CIL) exerted a protective effect by promoting blood–brain barrier integrity as well as improving the status of neurological dysfunctions following cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. We attempted to design a 0.5% CIL carbopol gel using solid nanoparticles (CIL-Ngel), and then investigated the relationships between energy-dependent endocytosis and the skin penetration of CIL-Ngel in this study. In addition, we evaluated whether the CIL-Ngel attenuated I/R-induced brain injury in a middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO)/reperfusion model mouse. The particle size of CIL was decreased using a bead mill, and the CIL particles (14.9 × 1014 particles/0.3 g) in the CIL-Ngel were approximately 50–180 nm. The release of CIL in the CIL-Ngel was higher than that in gel containing CIL powder (CIL-Mgel), and the CIL particles were released from the CIL-Ngel as nanoparticles. In addition, the percutaneous absorption of CIL from the CIL-Ngel was higher in comparison with that from CIL-Mgel, and clathrin-dependent endocytosis and caveolae-dependent endocytosis were related to the enhanced skin penetration of CIL-NPs. In the traditional (oral administration of CIL powder, 3 mg/kg) and transdermal administration (CIL-Ngel, 0.3 g) for 3 days (once a day), the area under the plasma CIL concentration–time curves (AUC) was similar, although the CIL supplied to the blood by the CIL-Ngel was more sustained than that via oral administration of CIL powder. Furthermore, the CIL-Ngel attenuated the ischemic stroke. In conclusion, we designed a gel using solid CIL-NPs, and we showed that the sustained release of CIL by CIL-Ngel provided an effective treatment for ischemic stroke in MCAO/reperfusion model mice. These findings induce the possibilities of developing novel applications of CIL solid nanoparticles.
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Nguyễn, Văn Chức, Dương Văn Triển, Lường Thị Hạnh. "Đề xuất quy trình công nghệ xác định đối tượng xả thải ngầm bằng thiết bị georadar (GPR) RIS MF Hi-Mod #4." Tạp chí Khoa học Đo đạc và Bản đồ, no. 47 (March 1, 2021): 42–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.54491/jgac.2021.47.238.
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Các nghiên cứu, một số qui định của một số nước trên thế giới và ở Việt Nam chủ yếu tập trung vào việc xác định, minh giải các đối tượng ngầm cho mục đích thành lập bản đồ công trình ngầm cũng như một số đối tượng ngầm chuyên ngành. Việc xác định các “đối tượng xả thải ngầm” bản thân nghĩa của cụm từ này đã mang một nghĩa không được minh bạch, việc xây dựng chúng chắc chắn không có trong thiết kế khi xây dựng nhà máy, khu công nghiệp. Bài báo giới thiệu qui trình dò tìm các đối tượng ngầm trong trong hoạt động xả thải. Đây là kết quả của đề tài cấp cơ sở Mã số: CS.2020.07.
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Youssef, Gilbert, Rifaquat Rahman, Camden Bay, Wei Wang, Mary Jane Lim-Fat, Omar Arnaout, Wenya Linda Bi, et al. "NIMG-59. EVALUATION OF THE RESPONSE ASSESSMENT CRITERIA IN NEWLY DIAGNOSED AND RECURRENT GLIOBLASTOMA." Neuro-Oncology 24, Supplement_7 (November 1, 2022): vii177. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noac209.677.
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Abstract BACKGROUND We sought to compare the Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology (RANO), modified RANO (mRANO), and immunotherapy RANO (iRANO) in a large population of patients with newly diagnosed (nGBM) and recurrent (rGBM) glioblastoma. METHODS Bidimensional measurements of enhancing disease and FLAIR sequence evaluation were performed by two independent readers on brain MRIs of consecutive patients with IDH-wildtype nGBM and rGBM treated at a single institution. Discrepancies were evaluated by a third reader. Dates of disease progression (PD) were identified using RANO, mRANO, iRANO, and other response assessment criteria variations. Spearman’s correlations between PFS and OS were calculated using iterative multiple imputations for censored observations. RESULTS 526 nGBM and 580 rGBM cases were included. Spearman’s correlations were not significantly different between RANO and mRANO in nGBM (0.69 [95% CI 0.62 to 0.75] vs. 0.67 [0.60, 0.73]) and rGBM (0.48 [0.40, 0.55] vs. 0.50 [0.42, 0.57]). Evaluation of FLAIR did not improve the correlation in patients who received antiangiogenic therapy. Acquisition of confirmation scans was associated with increased correlation only when PD was identified within 12 weeks of completion of radiation in nGBM. The use of the post-radiation MRI as a baseline was associated with increased correlation compared to use of the pre-radiation MRI in nGBM (0.67 [0.60, 0.73] vs. 0.53 [0.42, 0.62]). The correlation with iRANO was similar to RANO and mRANO among 98 patients with nGBM and 175 patients with rGBM who received immunotherapy. CONCLUSIONS RANO and mRANO demonstrated similar correlations between PFS and OS. The evaluation of FLAIR can be omitted, while confirmation scans were only beneficial in nGBM in the first 12 weeks after completion of radiation. There was a trend in favor of the post-radiation MRI as the baseline scan in nGBM. The use of iRANO criteria did not add a significant benefit in patients who received immunotherapy.
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Yuliani, Apri. "Evaluasi Penerapan Next Generation Terminal Management System (NGEN) Dalam Mendukung Kelancaran Penanganan Petikemas Pada PT. JICT di Pelabuhan Tg. Priok." Warta Penelitian Perhubungan 23, no. 4 (May 15, 2019): 349. http://dx.doi.org/10.25104/warlit.v23i4.1090.
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The increasing throughput significantly in the Port of Tg. Priok should be well-balanced by terminal's efforts to improve facility, management, systems and information technology. Otherwise, it will bring a negative impact to the container handling performance which will influence the users' satisfaction value. Therefore, since 1 September 2009, PT. JICT has applied the Next Generation Tenninal Management System (nGen) in container handling process. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of the implementation of nGen in supporting the container handling process. The method used is a paired t test, to evaluate the container handling performance between pre-implementation and post implementation of nGen in PT. JICT. The advantages of nGen could bring a positive impact to the effectiveness of container handling. It doesn't only come to JICT's operator but also the users, such as Shipping Line, Freight Fonuarding, and EMKL. Tiw availability of real time data effectively improves the effectiveness of receiving and delivery process. Based on data analysis, there's a significant correlation (55,9%) for crane's average performances between pre-implementation and post implementation of nGen. 44J % is influenced by other factors such as : operator's competency, equipment's condition, ship's and yard's condition. The implementation of nGen could improve the crane's perfonnance around 0)41 to 2,059 moves. Meanwhile, there's no correlation for YOR average between pre-implementation and post implementation of nGen.Keywords : nGen, perfonnance, container terminal
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Emam, Md Ali, Markus Leibrecht, and Tinggui Chen. "The Impact of a “National Green Export Review” on Competitiveness: Empirical Evidence for Ecuador’s Fish Exports." Agriculture 13, no. 1 (December 25, 2022): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture13010062.
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Fish products comprise more than 20% of total Ecuadorian exports. Ecuador introduced the “National Green Export Review” (NGER) in 2015, which aims at making Ecuador’s fishing industry more sustainable to improve the international market access to Ecuador’s fish products. Has this policy achieved its goal? In order to answer this question, this article applies the local projection approach to explore the dynamic impact of the NGER on Ecuador’s share of fish exports in the world fish market. Contrary to expectations, the results are consistent with the view that the NGER does not enhance Ecuador’s competitiveness. The NGER is also not able to compensate for the fall in Ecuador’s share in the world fish market, which has been induced by a change in consumer preferences for tuna and shrimp, Ecuador’s main fish products. The concluding section of the paper provides policy advice on how to make the NGER more effective in achieving its goal.
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Vega Fernádez, Alonso, Oscar Lücke Castro, and Jaime Garbanzo Leon. "Geoid heights in Costa Rica, Case of Study: Baseline Along the Central Pacific Zone." Revista Ingeniería 30, no. 1 (November 12, 2019): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.15517/ri.v30i1.35839.
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A precise orthometric height (H) and orthometric height difference (ΔH) determination is required in many fields like construction, geodesy and geophysics. H is often obtained from an ellipsoidal height (h) and geoid height (N) of a geoid model (GM) because this computation does not have the spirit leveling restrictions on long distances. However, the H accuracy depends on the GM local area adaptation, and current global geoid models (GGMs) have not been yet evaluated for Costa Rica. Therefore, this paper aims to determine which GGM maintains a better fit with a GPS/levelling baseline that contains the gravity full spectrum. A 74 km baseline was measured using GPS, spirit leveling and gravity measurements to validate the N computed from EGM2008, EIGEN-6C4, GECO, EGM96, GGM05C and GOCO05C. First, an absolute N assessment was made, where geoid height from the GGMs (NGGM) were directly compared to the geometric geoid heights (Ngeo) obtained from GPS and spirit levelling. A bias fit (Nbias) of about 2 m was computed from this comparison for most GGMs with respect to the local vertical reference surface (W0). By subtracting the Nbias, a relative geoid height (ΔN) assessment was designed to compare the differences between GGM relative geoid height (ΔNGGM) and geometric relative geoid height (ΔNgeo) on segments along the baseline. The ΔN comparison shows that EGM2008, EIGEN-6C4 and GECO better represent the Costa Rican Central Pacific Coastal Zone and over long distances, ΔH can be computed with a decimeter to centimeter precision.
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Höpner, Martin. "Vollendung der Währungsunion? Der europäische Aufbaufonds." Leviathan 49, no. 4 (2021): 488–509. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/0340-0425-2021-4-488.
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Die Euro-Zone krankt nach weithin geteilter Auffassung am Fehlen einer Fiskalkapazität. Einer solchen Kapazität kommt das im Dezember 2020 verabschiedete Programm „Next Generation EU“ (NGEU) nahe. Der Aufsatz prüft, wie sich die Logik der Währungsunion verändern würde, wenn NGEU auf Dauer gestellt wäre. Es zeigt sich, dass der entscheidende Vorteil von NGEU auf der Einnahmeseite angesiedelt ist: Gegenüber den neu geschaffenen europäischen Staatsanleihen dürfte sich die EZB wie eine Kreditgeberin der letzten Instanz verhalten.
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Mitic, S. S., J. I. Vucetic, S. M. Miletic, and D. A. Kostic. "Kinetic determination of rutin." Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society 66, no. 3 (2001): 205–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jsc0103205m.
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Akinetic method is described for the determination of rutin based on its inhibitory effect on the Fe(II)-AA catalysis of the oxidation of C6H5COONa with hydrogen peroxide. Detection limit of this method is 0.16 ngcm-3. The relative error ranges between 0.9 to 9.8%for the concentration interval 0.82 ngcm-3 to 8.2 ngcm-3. Kinetic equations are proposed for the investigated process. The effects of certain foreign ions upon the reaction rate were determined for the assessment of the selectivity of the method.
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Wang, Zhongcheng, Sergejus Lebedevas, Paulius Rapalis, Justas Zaglinskis, Rima Mickeviciene, Vasilij Djackov, and Xiaoyu Liu. "Use of LNG Cold Potential in the Cogeneration Cycle of Ship Power Plants." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 8, no. 9 (September 18, 2020): 720. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse8090720.
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This paper presents the results of a numerical study on the parameters that affect the efficiency of the cogeneration cycle of a ship’s power plant. The efficiency was assessed based on the excess power (Ngen.) of a free turbine, operated with the inflow of gaseous nitrogen, which was used to generate electricity. A mathematical model and simulation of the regenerative cycle were created and adjusted to operate with a dual-fuel (diesel-liquid natural gas (LNG)) six-cylinder four-stroke engine, where the energy of the exhaust gas was converted into mechanical work of the regenerative cycle turbine. The most significant factors for Ngen. were identified by parametrical analysis of the cogeneration cycle: in the presence of an ‘external’ unlimited cold potential of the LNG, Ngen. determines an exhaust gas temperature Teg of power plant; the pressure of the turbo unit and nitrogen flow are directly proportional to Ngen. When selecting the technological units for cycle realization, it is rational to use high flow and average πT pressure (~3.0–3.5 units) turbo unit with a high adiabatic efficiency turbine. The effect of the selected heat exchangers with an efficiency of 0.9–1.0 on Ngen. did not exceed 10%. With LNG for ‘internal’ use in a ship as a fuel, the lowest possible temperature of N2 is necessary, because each 10 K increment in N2 entering the compressor decreases Ngen. by 5–8 kW, i.e., 5–6%.
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Đoàn, Thị Huệ, Đăng Lưu Vũ, Thu Hương Nguyễn, Hồng Nhung Lưu, Ngọc Minh Nguyễn, and Thị Thu Hương Lại. "NGHIÊN CỨU ĐẶC ĐIỂM HÌNH ẢNH VÀ GIÁ TRỊ CỦA CỘNG HƯỞNG TỪ 1.5 TESLA TRONG CHẨN ĐOÁN VÀ ĐỊNH HƯỚNG ĐIỀU TRỊ UNG THƯ VÚ." Vietnamese Journal of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, no. 38 (June 30, 2020): 63–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.55046/vjrnm.38.170.2020.
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TÓM TẮTMục tiêu: Nghiên cứu đặc điểm hình ảnh và giá trị của cộng hưởng từ 1.5 Tesla trong chẩn đoán và định hướng điều trị ung thư vú. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: tiến cứu trên 52 bệnh nhân ung thư tuyến vú được chụp cộng hưởng từ trước điều trị.Kết quả: dấu hiệu hình khối chiếm chủ yếu (88,5%), đường bờ không đều hoặc tua gai (100%), ngấm thuốc đối quang không đồng nhất (96,2%), mức độ bắt thuốc mạnh trong phút thứ 2 sau tiêm (84,6%), đường cong động học typ II và III (88,4%). Tổn thương đa ổ có 13 (25%). Ung thư thể ống xâm nhập 49 (94,2%).Kết luận: Ung thư tuyến vú có đặc điểm chung trên cộng hưởng từ: chủ yếu gặp thể khối với đặc điểm đường bờ không đều hoặc tua gai, ngấm thuốc đối quang từ không đồng nhất, mức độ ngấm thuốc mạnh trong phút thứ 2 sau tiêm chiếm chủ yếu, không có trường hợp nào ngấm thuốc kém sau tiêm, đồ thị ngấm thuốc dạng cao nguyên và đào thải (typ III) chiếm chủ yếu.
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Armingeon, Klaus, Caroline de la Porte, Elke Heins, and Stefano Sacchi. "Voices from the past: economic and political vulnerabilities in the making of next generation EU." Comparative European Politics 20, no. 2 (March 7, 2022): 144–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/s41295-022-00277-6.
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AbstractIn this article, we show that Next Generation EU (NGEU) is mainly a response to the economic and political imbalances left over from the Eurozone crisis. It is a pre-emptive intervention, especially targeted at structurally weak economies with rising Euroscepticism, to avoid costly ex-post bailouts as in the Great Recession. We demonstrate, using quantitative analysis, that pre-existing vulnerabilities, rather than the impact of the pandemic, drove the allocation of NGEU resources: per capita grants largely correspond to past economic vulnerabilities, as well as to political ones. Countries most vulnerable to another adjustment by austerity after the COVID-19 economic crisis receive most resources. Also, countries with strong anti-EU sentiments are entitled to larger NGEU grants per capita. In contrast, grants are not correlated with the severity of the health crisis. Then, we show the domestic relevance of economic and political vulnerabilities through qualitative case studies of national political debates and domestic positions on NGEU in Italy, Germany and the Netherlands. Despite its innovative traits, NGEU is a politically constrained solution to address the mess from the previous decade, and as such, it is a Janus solution: promising a fresh start, but haunted by the past.
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Henkel, Jessica Renee, and Caz M. Taylor. "Migration strategy predicts stopover ecology in shorebirds on the northern Gulf of Mexico." Animal Migration 2, no. 1 (January 1, 2015): 63–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ami-2015-0003.
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AbstractTwenty-eight species of migratory shorebirds rely on the coastlines of the northern Gulf of Mexico (NGOM) to fuel migrations to near-arctic breeding grounds. Shorebird species vary in their migration ecology: some species use a “jump” strategy, migrating long distances without stopping, while others use “skip” and “hop” strategies, stopping to refuel at shorter intervals along their journey. We compared stopover duration, body condition (fat scores and size-adjusted mass), and refueling rates (plasma metabolite concentrations), in three Calidrid sandpiper species (Calidris pusilla, C. mauri, and C. alpina) that differ in migration strategy after leaving the NGOM during spring. Results indicate that, while birds refueled at similar rates, C. alpina, an intermediate distance jump migrant, reached higher fuel stores before departing on migration than the hop and skip migrants, C. pusilla and C. mauri. C. alpina also spent more time on the NGOM than the other two species. Results suggest that NGOM habitats may be particularly important for migration success in C. alpina. This knowledge will help us predict the potential population level consequences of habitat loss due to global change on NGOM shorebird populations and develop conservation plans to mitigate these impacts.
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Nguyễn, Việt Hà. "Khảo sát độ chính xác máy dò công trình ngầm hoạt động theo phương pháp cảm ứng điện từ." Tạp chí Khoa học Đo đạc và Bản đồ, no. 27 (March 1, 2016): 46–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.54491/jgac.2016.27.170.
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Bản đồ công trình ngầm là tài liệu cơ sở để quản lý, sử dụng, cải tạo sửa chữa các công trình ngầm hiện có và cũng là tài liệu hết sức quan trọng, không thể thiếu cho việc thiết kế, xây dựng các công trình ở trên cũng như ở dưới mặt đất. Trên thế giới hiện nay có nhiều loại máy dò theo nguyên tắc Rada xuyên đất hoặc theo nguyến tắc cảm ứng điện từ. Trong nước hiện nay các máy dò công trình chủ yếu hoạt động theo nguyên tắc cảm ứng điện từ như máy dò IT4, máy dò công trình ngầm U-SCAN/SCANMITTER. Bởi vậy mục đích đặt ra của đề tài là khảo sát độ chính xác máy dò công trình ngầm hoạt động theo phương pháp cảm ứng điện từ.
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Kim, I. N., K. Lee, H. W. Bange, and A. M. Macdonald. "Interannual variation in summer N<sub>2</sub>O concentration in the hypoxic region of the northern Gulf of Mexico, 1985–2007." Biogeosciences Discussions 10, no. 4 (April 3, 2013): 6315–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-10-6315-2013.
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Abstract. We present evidence of temporal variation in nitrous oxide (N2O) concentrations in the bottom waters of the northern Gulf of Mexico (nGOM) hypoxic zone. The analysis is based on a conceptual model simulating N2O biogeochemical processes in conjunction with water-column O2 levels, derived from summer Texas–Louisiana shelf-wide hydrographic data for twenty Julys between 1985 and 2007. The mean modeled nGOM N2O concentration was 7.7 &pm; 6.7 nmol L−1, and was significantly correlated with the areal extent of hypoxia. Our modeling analysis indicates that the nGOM is a persistent summer source of N2O, and nitrification is a primary factor leading to its production in this region. Based on the ongoing increase in the areal extent of hypoxia in the nGOM, we conclude that N2O emission from this environmentally stressed region will continue to increase into the future contributing to the global increase in greenhouse gases.
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Pei, Lingling, Qin Li, and Zhengxin Wang. "The NLS-based nonlinear grey Bernoulli model with an application to employee demand prediction of high-tech enterprises in China." Grey Systems: Theory and Application 8, no. 2 (April 3, 2018): 133–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/gs-11-2017-0038.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to propose a new method based on nonlinear least squares (NLS) for solving the parameters of nonlinear grey Bernoulli model (NGBM(1,1)) and to verify the proposed model using the case of employee demand prediction of high-tech enterprises in China. Design/methodology/approach First of all, minimising the square sum of fitting error of grey differential equation of NGBM(1,1) is taken as the optimisation target and the parameters of classic grey model (GM(1,1)) are set as the initial value of parameter vector. Afterwards, the structural parameters and power exponents are solved by using the Gauss-Newton iteration algorithm so as to calculate the parameters of NGBM(1,1) under given rules for ceasing the algorithm. Finally, by taking the employee demand of high-tech enterprises in the state-level high-tech industrial development zone in China as examples, the validity of the new method is verified. Findings The results show that the parameter estimation algorithm based on the NLS method can effectively identify the power exponents of NGBM(1,1) and therefore can favourably adapt to the nonlinear fluctuations of sequences. In addition, the algorithm is superior to the GM(1,1) model, grey Verhulst model, and Quadratic-Exponential smoothing algorithm in terms of the simulation and prediction accuracy. Research limitations/implications Under the framework of solving parameters based on NLS, various aspects of NGBM(1,1) remain to be further investigated including background value, initial condition and variable structural modelling methods. Practical implications The parameter estimation algorithm based on NLS can effectively identify the power exponent of NGBM(1,1) and therefore it can favourably adapt to the nonlinear fluctuation of sequences. Originality/value According to the basic principle of NLS, a new method for solving the parameters of NGBM(1,1) is proposed by using the Gauss-Newton iteration algorithm. Moreover, by conducting the modelling case about employees demand in high-tech enterprises in China, the effectiveness and superiority of the new method are verified.
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Trần, Viết Tuấn. "Ứng dụng Radar xuyên đất (GPR) để dò tìm và đo vẽ bản đồ công trình ngầm đô thị." Tạp chí Khoa học Đo đạc và Bản đồ, no. 8 (June 1, 2011): 12–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.54491/jgac.2011.8.449.
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Nội dung của bài báo trình bày một số kết quả nghiên cứu về khả năng và độ chính xác dò tìm, phát hiện công trình ngầm của thiết bị GPR (RAMAC / X3M) để thành lập bản đồ công trình ngầm một khu vực của thành phố Hà nội.
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Prasertrungruang, Montree, and Dusadee Ayuwat. "Social choices for the next generation of elderly: The combination of resources allocation and the utilization of social conditions." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 2.10 (April 2, 2018): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.10.10964.
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With the advent of the aged society amidst capitalism development, the Next Generation of Elderly (NGE) has the chance to seek social choices. This research relied on the Resource Profile Framework to study the social choices of NGEs under the Capability Approach and the Structuration Approach. The qualitative research method was used with the research target group, or NGEs, who were Thai citizens aged 50 to 59 years residing in an urban and a rural areas of Kud Piang Khom Sub-District, the district of a complete aged society. The data was collected by means of semi-structured interviews from May to September, 2016 with 36 NGEs. Descriptive analysis was conducted to synthesize their social choices. The result showed 5 social choices used by the NGEs: (1) The choice that arises from the use of resource in one dimension for a return of resource in that dimension; (2) The choice that arises from the use of resource in one dimension for a return of resource in another dimension; (3) The choice that arises from the use of resources from many dimensions; (4) The choice that arises from facilitating social conditions; and (5) The choice that arises from integrating personal resources with utilization of facilitating social conditions. NGEs’ social choices were found to vary according to the individuals and community context.
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Cai, Lin. "Precise engineering of silver loaded polyvinyl alcohol nanogels for wound nursing care systems in operation room." Materials Express 11, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 85–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/mex.2021.1872.
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This study was designed to establish the composition of wound bandages based on silver nanoparticle (AgNP)loaded polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nanogels. The AgNP nanogel (Ag-nGel) was fabricated by the fructose-mediated reduction of silver nitrate solutions within the PVA matrix. The influence of different experimental limitations on PVA nanogel formations were examined. The nanogel particle sizes were evaluated by transmission electron microscopy and determined to range from ∼10–50 nm. Additionally, glycerol were added to the Ag-nGels, and the resulting compositions (Ag-nGel-Glu) were coated on cotton fabrics to generate the wound bandaging composite. The cumulative drug release profile of the silver from the bandage was found to be ∼38% of the total loading after two days. Additionally, antibacterial efficacy was developed for gram positive and negative microorganisms. Moreover, we examined in vivo healing of skin wounds formed in mouse models over 21 days. In contrast to the untreated wounds, rapid healing was perceived in the Ag-nGel-Glu-treated wound with less damaging. These findings indicate that Ag-nGel-Glu-based bandaging materials could be a potential candidate for wound bandaging applications in the future.
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Shakshooki, S. K., F. A. El-Akari, S. M. El-Fituri, and S. S. El-Fituri. "Polystyrene/Lamellar Germanium Phosphate Nanocomposite Membranes." Advanced Materials Research 856 (December 2013): 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.856.9.
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Novel nanosized lamellar germanium phosphate, α-Ge (HPO4)2.1.84H2O(nGeP), with interlayer spacing (d001) = 7.71Ǻ, was prepared. Preparations of polystyrene/lamellar germanium phosphate nanocomposite membranes were carried out by mixing slurry tetrahydrofuran (THF) solution of (nGeP) , of different weight percentages (2.5, 5 and 15 wt %), with (THF) solution of 5% polystyrene (PS) in concentration at 45°C with stirring for 48 hours. The resultant mixtures were poured into flat surface containers, of desired thickness, respectively, and allowed to dry in air. The resulting fully dried composites were pealed from the glass containers. The composite membranes were transparent flexible thin films and were characterized by XRD, TGA, FT-IR, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Size particles of lamellar germanium phosphate calculated from XRD broadening method using the Scherrer,s equation, found to be 44.6 nm . TEM images of nanocomposites show that the (nGeP) in the nanometer scale, in the range 38-53 nm. The composite materials show to have mechanical and thermal stability properties superior to that of the original polymer, which a result of the enhancement of the thermal properties of PS/nGeP nanocomposites. The exchange capacities of the resultant composite membranes were investigated.
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Heinemann, Friedrich. "Die Überdeckung der Next Generation EU-Schulden im neuen EU-Eigenmittelbeschluss: Ausmaß und Haftungskonsequenzen." List Forum für Wirtschafts- und Finanzpolitik 47, no. 2-4 (October 7, 2021): 133–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s41025-021-00234-3.
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ZusammenfassungDiese Analyse befasst sich mit der Absicherung der EU-Schulden, die gemäß dem neuen EU-Eigenmittelbeschluss zur Finanzierung des EU-Corona-Wiederaufbauplans Next Generation EU (NGEU) aufgenommen werden sollen. Diese Absicherung erfolgt unter anderem durch eine gesonderte Eigenmittel-Nachschussverpflichtung der EU-Mitgliedstaaten im Umfang von 0,6 % des nationalen Bruttonationaleinkommens (BNE). Simulationen zeigen, dass diese 0,6 % des BNE eine sehr starke Überdeckung darstellen, weil damit ein Tilgungspotenzial durch den EU-Haushalt geschaffen wird, welches den durch NGEU verursachten Rückzahlungsbedarf auch unter sehr vorsichtigen Annahmen zum BNE-Wachstum um ein Vielfaches übersteigt. Die Studie beleuchtet darüber hinaus die Signale, Anreize und Haftungskonsequenzen, die sich aus dieser weitreichenden Überdeckung der Corona-Schulden ergeben. Die bis zum Jahr 2058 reichende umfangreiche Tilgungsfähigkeit des EU-Haushalts geht weit über den eigentlichen NGEU-Bedarf hinaus und kann als Signal verstanden werden, dass in den kommenden Jahrzehnten bei Bedarf rasch neue EU-Verschuldungsfenster geschaffen werden können. Der Beitrag beleuchtet außerdem eine weitere Konsequenz der Überdeckung in Bezug auf die maximal denkbare Haftung des Bundeshaushalts für die NGEU-Schulden. Die Berechnungen zeigen, dass diese Haftung faktisch nicht wie beim Europäischen Stabilitätsmechanismus auf eine Teilschuld des Fonds begrenzt ist.
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Lý, Thị Thùy Duyên, Kim Ngân Mai, Hoàng Đăng Long Bùi, Long Giang Bạch, Quốc Toàn Trần, Chấn Tuyền Kha, Nguyễn Văn Ây, and Huỳnh Xuân Phong. "Nghiên cứu điều kiện chiết xuất naringin từ vỏ bưởi Năm Roi (Citrus grandis (L.) Osbeck)." Can Tho University Journal of Science 57, CĐ Công nghệ thực phẩm (May 10, 2021): 183–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.22144/ctu.jsi.2021.021.
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Naringin là một flavonoid glycoside được tìm thấy với hàm lượng cao trong vỏ bưởi có tác dụng như kháng oxy hóa, giảm cholesterol, ngăn ngừa cao huyết áp,... Nghiên cứu này được tiến hành nhằm chọn các điều kiện chiết xuất naringin thích hợp từ nguồn phụ phẩm vỏ bưởi. Nghiên cứu khảo sát tỷ lệ ethanol và nước (100:0; 80:20; 70:30 v/v), thời gian ngâm (0,5; 1,0; 1,5 giờ), tỉ lệ mẫu và dung môi (1:10; 1:12; 1:14; 1:16 w/v), thời gian chiết xuất được ghi nhận sau mỗi 0,5 giờ đến 5 giờ đối với phương pháp ngâm và đến 7 giờ đối với phương pháp Soxhlet. Kết quả chiết xuất naringin từ vỏ bưởi Năm Roi cho thấy tỷ lệ ethanol và nước (80:20 v/v), thời gian ngâm là 1,5 giờ, tỷ lệ mẫu và dung môi (1:14 w/v), thời gian chiết xuất là 3,5 giờ đối với phương pháp ngâm và 5,5 giờ đối với phương pháp Soxhlet, hàm lượng naringin đạt được giá trị cao nhất tương ứng là 0,0879 ± 0,0021 mg/mL và 3,9157 ± 0,0921 mg/mL.
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Stollberg, Michael, Anna V. Zhdanova, and Dieter Fensel. "h-TechSight — A Next Generation Knowledge Management Platform." Journal of Information & Knowledge Management 03, no. 01 (March 2004): 45–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219649204000651.
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A new breed of Knowledge Management Systems (KMS), referred to as the Next Generation of Knowledge Management (NGKM), aims at overcoming the limitations of existing KMS regarding the range and quality of supportable Knowledge Management activities. Therefore, AI-based technologies are employed to enable automated knowledge item processing instead of the information retrieval functionality provided by conventional KMS. This paper presents the Knowledge Management Platform (KMP) developed in the h-TechSight project as an NGKM solution. It is designed to support organizations in technology intensive industries in monitoring changes in their external environment as an important factor in competitiveness. Therefore, the KMP combines NGKM enabling technologies for automatically observation of information resources on the Internet in order to notify users whenever a change in their domain of interest occurs. The aim of this paper is to position the KMP as a KMS of the next generation and to delineate the lessons learned in KMS design in the h-TechSight project. Thus, we illustrate the idea of NGKM with special emphasis on enabling technologies and, on this basis, expose the functional design and technical realization of the h-TechSight KMP.
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Kim, I. N., K. Lee, H. W. Bange, and A. M. Macdonald. "Interannual variation in summer N<sub>2</sub>O concentration in the hypoxic region of the northern Gulf of Mexico, 1985–2007." Biogeosciences 10, no. 11 (November 1, 2013): 6783–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-6783-2013.
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Abstract. Microbial nitrous oxide (N2O) production in the ocean is enhanced under low-oxygen (O2) conditions. This is especially important in the context of increasing hypoxia (i.e., oceanic zones with extremely reduced O2 concentrations). Here, we present a study on the interannual variation in summertime nitrous oxide (N2O) concentrations in the bottom waters of the northern Gulf of Mexico (nGOM), which is well-known as the site of the second largest seasonally occurring hypoxic zone worldwide. To this end we developed a simple model that computes bottom-water N2O concentrations with a tri-linear ΔN2O/O2 relationship based on water-column O2 concentrations, derived from summer (July) Texas–Louisiana shelf-wide hydrographic data between 1985 and 2007. ΔN2O (i.e., excess N2O) was computed including nitrification and denitrification as the major microbial production and consumption pathways of N2O. The mean modeled bottom-water N2O concentration for July in the nGOM was 14.5 ± 2.3 nmol L−1 (min: 11.0 ± 4.5 nmol L−1 in 2000 and max: 20.6 ± 11.3 nmol L−1 in 2002). The mean bottom-water N2O concentrations were significantly correlated with the areal extent of hypoxia in the nGOM. Our modeling analysis indicates that the nGOM is a persistent summer source of N2O, and nitrification is dominating N2O production in this region. Based on the ongoing increase in the areal extent of hypoxia in the nGOM, we conclude that N2O production (and its subsequent emissions) from this environmentally stressed region will probably continue to increase into the future.
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Liên, Dương Thị Phượng, Minh Đăng Khoa Trần, Dương Kim Thanh, and Phan Thị Thanh Quế. "Tối ưu hóa điều kiện ngâm thẩm thấu trong mật ong của cam Sành (Citrus sinensis)." Can Tho University Journal of Science 57, CĐ Công nghệ thực phẩm (May 10, 2021): 161–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.22144/ctu.jsi.2021.018.
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Trong nghiên cứu này, sự di chuyển ẩm và khuếch tán chất tan của cam Sành ngâm trong dung dịch mật ong được mô hình hóa theo quy luật lũy thừa. Quá trình thẩm thấu được đánh giá mỗi ngày đến khi sản phẩm đạt cân bằng. Sự giảm ẩm (WL) và gia tăng khối lượng chất khô (SG) được tính toán trên cơ sở cân bằng khối lượng và hằng số tốc độ động học cùng với các thông số thống kê khác được xác định. Thiết kế Box-Behnken được bố trí để xác định các thông số quy trình tối ưu, bao gồm thời gian chần cam (30-90 giây), nồng độ mật ong trong dung dịch ngâm (60-80% v/v) và tỷ lệ dung dịch ngâm so với cam (1-2 lần v/w). Hàm lượng ascosbic acid và điểm chất lượng cảm quan ở trạng thái cân bằng được xác định, số liệu được xử lý bằng phần mềm Statgraphics Centurion XV.I. Quy trình tối ưu tương ứng với thời gian chần cam, tỷ lệ mật ong trong dung dịch ngâm và tỷ lệ dịch ngâm thẩm thấu so với cam lần lượt là 66,39 giây, 71,96% và 1,57 lần, WL và SG là 39,39 và 18,83 (%). Sản phẩm đạt cân bằng sau 7 ngày, hàm lượng ascosbic acid của cam là 9,43 mg/100 g và điểm chất lượng cảm quan thể hiện qua màu sắc và mùi vị của sản phẩm tương ứng là 4.42 và 4.61.
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Youssef, Gilbert, Rifaquat Rahman, Mary Jane Lim-Fat, Camden Bay, Wenya Linda L. Bi, Daniel Cagney, YuhShin Chang, et al. "Evaluation of the response assessment criteria in newly diagnosed and recurrent glioblastoma." Journal of Clinical Oncology 40, no. 16_suppl (June 1, 2022): 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2022.40.16_suppl.2020.
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2020 Background: The Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology (RANO) and modified RANO (mRANO) criteria are the two most widely used criteria to evaluate treatment response in glioblastoma (GBM) clinical trials. Unlike RANO, mRANO omits the evaluation of FLAIR sequence and requires a repeat scan to confirm responses. It also uses the post-radiation (RT) MRI as a baseline MRI in the newly diagnosed setting instead of the pre-RT MRI used in RANO. We sought to compare the 2 response assessment criteria and evaluate the differences between them in a large patient population. We also sought to compare them to immunotherapy RANO (iRANO) in patients who received immunotherapy. Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of consecutive patients with newly diagnosed (nGBM) and recurrent (rGBM) IDH wild-type GBM treated at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute from 2014 to 2020. Bidimensional measurements of enhancing disease and evaluation of FLAIR sequences were performed by two independent readers on patients’ brain MRIs obtained before change of treatment, and discrepancies were evaluated by a third reader. Dates of disease progression (PD) were identified using RANO, mRANO, iRANO, and other response assessment criteria variations. Spearman’s correlations between PFS and OS were calculated using an iterative multiple imputation method to account for any right-censoring. Results: 526 and 580 patients were included in the newly diagnosed and recurrent cohorts, respectively. Spearman’s correlations were not significantly different between RANO and mRANO in the nGBM (0.69 [95% CI 0.62 to 0.75] vs. 0.67 [0.60, 0.73]) and rGBM (0.45 [0.37, 0.52] vs. 0.50 [0.42, 0.57]) cohorts. Evaluation of FLAIR sequences did not improve the correlation between PFS and OS in patients who received antiangiogenic therapy. Addition of confirmation scans was associated with stronger Spearman’s correlations only when PD was identified within 12 weeks of completion of RT in the nGBM cohort, but did not affect the Spearman’s correlations in the rGBM cohort. The use of the post-RT MRI as a baseline was associated with a higher Spearman’s correlation in nGBM than the use of pre-RT MRI (0.67 [0.60, 0.73] vs. 0.53 [0.42, 0.62]). Among 98 patients with nGBM and 175 patients with rGBM who received immunotherapy, the Spearman’s correlations (nGBM and rGBM) with iRANO (0.63 [0.44, 0.76] and 0.34 [0.17, 0.49]) were similar to RANO (0.73 [0.60, 0.82] and 0.42 [0.28, 0.54]) and mRANO (0.65 [0.48, 0.77] and 0.43 [0.28, 0.56]). Conclusions: RANO and mRANO demonstrated similar correlation between PFS and OS. The evaluation of FLAIR can be omitted, while confirmation scans appear to be only beneficial in the nGBM settings during the first 12 weeks of completion of RT. There was a nonsignificant trend in favor of the use of post-RT MRI as the baseline scan in the nGBM setting. The application of iRANO criteria did not add significant benefit in patients who received immunotherapy.
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Youssef, Gilbert, Rifaquat Rahman, Mary Jane Lim-Fat, Camden Bay, Wenya Linda L. Bi, Daniel Cagney, YuhShin Chang, et al. "Evaluation of the response assessment criteria in newly diagnosed and recurrent glioblastoma." Journal of Clinical Oncology 40, no. 16_suppl (June 1, 2022): 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2022.40.16_suppl.2020.
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2020 Background: The Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology (RANO) and modified RANO (mRANO) criteria are the two most widely used criteria to evaluate treatment response in glioblastoma (GBM) clinical trials. Unlike RANO, mRANO omits the evaluation of FLAIR sequence and requires a repeat scan to confirm responses. It also uses the post-radiation (RT) MRI as a baseline MRI in the newly diagnosed setting instead of the pre-RT MRI used in RANO. We sought to compare the 2 response assessment criteria and evaluate the differences between them in a large patient population. We also sought to compare them to immunotherapy RANO (iRANO) in patients who received immunotherapy. Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of consecutive patients with newly diagnosed (nGBM) and recurrent (rGBM) IDH wild-type GBM treated at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute from 2014 to 2020. Bidimensional measurements of enhancing disease and evaluation of FLAIR sequences were performed by two independent readers on patients’ brain MRIs obtained before change of treatment, and discrepancies were evaluated by a third reader. Dates of disease progression (PD) were identified using RANO, mRANO, iRANO, and other response assessment criteria variations. Spearman’s correlations between PFS and OS were calculated using an iterative multiple imputation method to account for any right-censoring. Results: 526 and 580 patients were included in the newly diagnosed and recurrent cohorts, respectively. Spearman’s correlations were not significantly different between RANO and mRANO in the nGBM (0.69 [95% CI 0.62 to 0.75] vs. 0.67 [0.60, 0.73]) and rGBM (0.45 [0.37, 0.52] vs. 0.50 [0.42, 0.57]) cohorts. Evaluation of FLAIR sequences did not improve the correlation between PFS and OS in patients who received antiangiogenic therapy. Addition of confirmation scans was associated with stronger Spearman’s correlations only when PD was identified within 12 weeks of completion of RT in the nGBM cohort, but did not affect the Spearman’s correlations in the rGBM cohort. The use of the post-RT MRI as a baseline was associated with a higher Spearman’s correlation in nGBM than the use of pre-RT MRI (0.67 [0.60, 0.73] vs. 0.53 [0.42, 0.62]). Among 98 patients with nGBM and 175 patients with rGBM who received immunotherapy, the Spearman’s correlations (nGBM and rGBM) with iRANO (0.63 [0.44, 0.76] and 0.34 [0.17, 0.49]) were similar to RANO (0.73 [0.60, 0.82] and 0.42 [0.28, 0.54]) and mRANO (0.65 [0.48, 0.77] and 0.43 [0.28, 0.56]). Conclusions: RANO and mRANO demonstrated similar correlation between PFS and OS. The evaluation of FLAIR can be omitted, while confirmation scans appear to be only beneficial in the nGBM settings during the first 12 weeks of completion of RT. There was a nonsignificant trend in favor of the use of post-RT MRI as the baseline scan in the nGBM setting. The application of iRANO criteria did not add significant benefit in patients who received immunotherapy.
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Trần, Viết Tuấn. "Nghiên cứu một số giải pháp nâng cao hiệu quả dò tìm công trình ngầm bằng thiết bị radar xuyên đất ramax/x3m." Tạp chí Khoa học Đo đạc và Bản đồ, no. 13 (September 1, 2012): 8–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.54491/jgac.2012.13.494.
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Nội dung của bài báo trình bày kết quả nghiên cứu một số giải pháp kỹ thuật nhằm nâng cao khả năng minh giải giản đồ sóng Radar để phát hiện công trình ngầm.. Những giải pháp kỹ thuật này cho phép nâng cao khả năng phát hiện và độ chính xác đo vẽ công trình ngầm đô thị bằng thiết bị Radar xuyên đất RAMAC / X3M.
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Berthier, Fabienne, Emile Maras, Isabelle Braems, and Bernard Legrand. "Multiscale Modelling of the Ageing Kinetics of a 2D Deposit." Solid State Phenomena 172-174 (June 2011): 664–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.172-174.664.
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We compare three models of 2D precipitation kinetics that give access to different time-space scales. Kinetic Monte Carlo simulations (KMC), cluster dynamics (CD) and nucleation-growth-coalescence model (NGCM), based on a same atomic model, lead to an excellent agreement as long as the interfacial free energy is evaluated accurately and the interaction between diffusion fields is taken into account in the CD. The NGCM model noticeably improves the previous approaches of the same kind by using a constrained-equilibrium hypothesis to describe the solid solution. Moreover, in the coalescence regime, we show that CD leads to cluster distributions that are wider and more symmetric than the LSW distribution due to the probabilistic feature of the growth law of a cluster, that makes it differ from the purely deterministic NGCM approach.
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Phạm Văn, Khương, Hoàng Thế Vũ, Đỗ Đức Trí, Lê Duy Bình, Hà Đức Giang, Phạm Thành Đạt, and Dương Tiến Nguyện. "Nghiên cứu chế tạo thuốc phóng pirocxilin xốp dùng cho đạn K59 quy mô phòng thí nghiệm." Journal of Military Science and Technology, no. 80 (June 28, 2022): 106–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.54939/1859-1043.j.mst.80.2022.106-113.
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Bài báo nghiên cứu ảnh hưởng tỷ lệ dung môi tới chất lượng bán thành phẩm thuốc phóng P-K59. Kết quả cho thấy, lựa chọn tỷ lệ dung môi/Pi cho quá trình trộn nitromas trong khoảng từ 130% đến 140%, hồ thuốc phóng sau khi trộn có chất lượng keo hóa tốt đảm bảo cho quá trình nén ép, độ co ngót theo đường kính kim từ 22,8% đến 25,2% và theo bề dày cháy từ 37,26% đến 39,16%. Nghiên cứu ảnh hưởng thời gian, nhiệt độ và tỷ lệ nước/thuốc phóng trong quá trình ngâm. Chế độ ngâm tối ưu: Ngâm bán thành phẩm thuốc phóng ở 45 oC, thời gian ngâm 12 giờ với tỷ lệ nước/thuốc phóng là 12, thay nước sau mỗi 01 giờ. Chế tạo được 03 mẫu thuốc phóng P-K59 trong phòng thí nghiệm với lượng chất tạo xốp và cỡ hạt chất tạo xốp khác nhau. Kết quả thử nghiệm đạn K59 cho thấy sử dụng 03 mẫu thuốc phóng P-K59 chế tạo trong phòng thí nghiệm với lượng nhồi 0,22 g cho kết quả bắn đạt yêu cầu tương đương khi sử dụng thuốc phóng cầu C-K59 của Nhà máy Z1 với lượng nhồi 0,3 g.
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Emanuele Grisostolo, Francesco. "Il Piano Next Generation EU e la sua ‘architettura finanziaria' nella prospettiva della cittadinanza sociale europea." CITTADINANZA EUROPEA (LA), no. 1 (June 2022): 131–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/ceu2022-001005.
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Il contributo analizza l'impatto del piano Next Generation European Union (NGEU) sui diritti e i doveri dei cittadini europei, con particolare attenzione alle decisioni adottate per reperire le risorse finanziarie a livello sovranazionale e nella fase attuativa a livello nazionale. Dopo un inquadramento iniziale sulla dimensione sociale del piano, ci si concentra sugli strumenti utilizzati per finanziarlo. Viene quindi analizzato il ricorso al debito comune da parte dell'Unione, le questioni giuridiche che esso solleva e le sue prospettive future. A seguire, si considerano il dovere di contribuzione dei cittadini europei, le regole procedurali che ostacolano la costruzione di un sistema tributario europeo che sostenga il bilancio dell'Unione e il potenziale impatto del NGEU su questo percorso. Infine, ci si propone di verificare quale sia stato l'impatto sui federalismi fiscali a livello nazionale della prima fase di attuazione del NGEU.
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Phan, Kim Anh, and Thanh Giao Nguyen. "Groundwater quality and human health risk assessment related to groundwater consumption in An Giang province, Viet Nam." Journal of Vietnamese Environment 10, no. 2 (October 8, 2018): 85–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.13141/jve.vol10.no2.pp85-91.
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Groundwater is one of the main sources for water supply for domestic use, irrigation, aquaculture and industry in Mekong Delta. With rapidly increasing in human population, groundwater becomes more important for social and economic activities. This study evaluated the quality of groundwater using data from the eight monitoring wells over the period of 2009 - 2016. Human health risk was assessed for the population consuming groundwater contaminated with arsenic. The findings indicated that groundwater wells in An Giang province were contaminated with microorganisms. The total dissolved solids (TDS) and hardness in Phu Tan (PT) and Cho Moi (CM) wells were significant higher than the national technical regulations on groundwater quality (QCVN 09-MT:2015/BTNMT). In addition, groundwater wells in some small islands of An Giang were seriously contaminated with organic matters and arsenic. The mean arsenic concentration was up to 0.55 ± 1.21 mg/L. Estimation of carcinogenic risk for human population showed that the cancer risks ranged from medium (8.66 x 10-4) to high (8.26 x 10-2) for both children and adults. Alternative water supply sources should be offered for the population at risk. Besides, regular health check is essential for local people in the arsenic contaminated groundwater.
Nước ngầm là một trong những nguồn cung cấp nước chính cho sinh hoạt, tưới tiêu, nuôi trồng thủy sản và công nghiệp ở Đồng bằng sông Cửu Long. Cùng với sự gia tăng dân số, nước ngầm ngày càng đóng vai trò quan trọng hơn trong các hoạt động phát triển kinh tế - xã hội. Nghiên cứu đã tiến hành đánh giá diễn biến chất lượng nước ngầm thông qua số liệu của tám giếng quan trắc trong giai đoạn từ năm 2009 – 2016. Kết hợp với đánh giá rủi ro sức khỏe của người dân khi sử dụng nước ngầm chứa arsenic. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy các giếng nước ngầm ở tỉnh An Giang đã bị nhiễm vi sinh. Tổng chất rắn hòa tan (TDS) và độ cứng ở trạm Phú Tân và Chợ Mới phân tích được cao hơn quy chuẩn cho phép (QCVN 09-MT:2015/BTNMT). Các giếng nước ngầm ở một số khu vực cù lao của tỉnh An Giang đã bị ô nhiễm hữu cơ và arsenic nghiêm trọng. Nồng độ arsenic trong nước ngầm có thể dao động lên đến 0.55 ± 1.21 mg/L. Rủi ro ung thư ở hai đối tượng người lớn và trẻ em khi sử dụng nước ngầm nhiễm arsenic dao động từ trung bình (8 người trong 1.000 người) tới cao (8 người trong 100 người). Cung cấp nguồn nước thay thế là giải pháp khả thi để giảm rủi ro sức khỏe cho con người trong trường hợp này. Ngoài ra, người dân địa phương cần được khám sức khỏe thường xuyên để kịp thời phát hiện và sớm điều trị bệnh.
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Korol, Tatiana. "A sketch of Ngen phonology." Language in Africa 2, no. 2 (July 30, 2021): 105–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.37892/2686-8946-2021-2-2-105-116.
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The paper provides a preliminary description of the phonology of Ngen, a South Mande language spoken in Ivory Coast. Ngen has a system of oral and nasal vowels. The consonant inventory is characterised by a complementary distribution between [b] and [m], [l] and [n], [y] and [ɲ]. There are 3 level tones. Tone melodies on disyllabic feet exhibit all possible combinations except LH. The majority of nonderived words have CV, CVCV, and CVŋ structures.
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Maimone, Liza, Susie Smith, and Rob Campbell-Watt. "What is best practice greenhouse and energy reporting in the oil and gas industry?" APPEA Journal 50, no. 2 (2010): 695. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj09059.
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The upstream oil and gas industry is diverse and many of the assets are geographically dispersed in offshore and onshore locations. The first year of National Greenhouse and Energy Reporting (NGER) in the 2009 financial year (FY09) challenged the industry to come to terms with complex issues such as the reporting structure, defining facilities, determining appropriate reporting methodologies, determining incidental emissions, obtaining contractor emissions and considering uncertainty estimates. This paper will explore the range of industry responses during FY09 and will be accompanied by a case study from Santos Limited to illustrate the journey. In responding to NGER requirements in FY09, the oil and gas industry was required to absorb many new legislative compliance obligations. At a company level, difficult decisions had to be made about the allocation of resourcing for NGER preparation and response. Companies were also faced with financial implications of the reported data, because that data would underpin permit liability under the proposed Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme (CPRS). Going forward, a key optimisation challenge for FY10 and beyond is the management and use of the NGER data. This paper will cover the processes and systems used to collect and report data and how the use of that data for organisational decision making will all be an important optimisation consideration in a CPRS environment. The paper will also explore other NGER reporting issues for the oil and gas industry, such as: arrangements with stakeholders, such as joint venture parties, partners and contractors; selection of measurement methods, including complexities with venting, flaring and other fugitive emissions; availability of appropriate measurement equipment; issues with reporting of own-use emissions and intermediate energy use and production; and, measurement of exploration activities. These issues are likely to present an optimisation challenge to many in the industry during FY10 and beyond. The paper will then conclude with a case study by Santos Limited.
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Mohammadi, Alireza M., Mayur Sharma, Thomas L. Beaumont, Kevin O. Juarez, Hanna Kemeny, Cosette Dechant, Andreas Seas, et al. "Upfront Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Guided Stereotactic Laser-Ablation in Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma: A Multicenter Review of Survival Outcomes Compared to a Matched Cohort of Biopsy-Only Patients." Neurosurgery 85, no. 6 (November 23, 2018): 762–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuros/nyy449.
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Abstract BACKGROUND Laser ablation (LA) is used as an upfront treatment in patients with deep seated newly diagnosed Glioblastoma (nGBM). OBJECTIVE To evaluate the outcomes of LA in patients with nGBM and compare them with a matched biopsy-only cohort. METHODS Twenty-four nGBM patients underwent upfront LA at Cleveland clinic, Washington University in St. Louis, and Yale University (6/2011-12/2014) followed by chemo/radiotherapy. Also, 24 out of 171 nGBM patients with biopsy followed by chemo/radiotherapy were matched based on age (< 70 vs ≥ 70), gender, tumor location (deep vs lobar), and volume (<11 cc vs ≥11 cc). Progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and disease-specific PFS and OS were outcome measures. Three prognostic groups were identified based on extent of tumor ablation by thermal-damage-threshold (TDT)-lines. RESULTS The median tumor volume in LA (n = 24) and biopsy only (n = 24) groups was 9.3 cm3 and 8.2 cm3 respectively. Overall, median estimate of OS and PFS in LA cohort was 14.4 and 4.3 mo compared to 15.8 mo and 5.9 mo for biopsy only cohort. On multivariate analysis, favorable TDT-line prognostic groups were associated with lower incidence of disease specific death (P = .03) and progression (P = .05) compared to other groups including biopsy only cohort. Only age (<70 yr, P = .02) and tumor volume (<11 cc, P = .03) were favorable prognostic factors for OS. CONCLUSION The maximum tumor coverage by LA followed by radiation/chemotherapy is an effective treatment modality in patients with nGBM, compared to biopsy only cohort. The TDT-line prognostic groups were independent predictor of disease specific death and progression after LA.
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Hạ, Trần Đức, Vi Thị Mai Hương, and Trần Thúy Anh. "Đánh giá hiệu quả trồng thủy trúc cho bãi lọc ngầm dòng chảy ngang để xử lý nước thải sinh hoạt vùng ven đô phía Bắc Việt Nam." Tạp chí Khoa học Công nghệ Xây dựng (KHCNXD) - ĐHXD 13, no. 2V (May 31, 2019): 63–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.31814/stce.nuce2019-13(2v)-07.
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Bãi lọc ngầm dòng chảy ngang (HF) là loại công trình sinh thái khi kết hợp với các công trình khác có thể hình thành được hệ thống xử lý nước thải chi phí thấp, phù hợp với vùng ven đô. Điều kiện khí hậu khu vực phía Bắc thuận lợi cho sự sinh trưởng của Thủy trúc (Cyperus alternifolius), một trong những loài thực vật phổ biến trồng trên các bãi lọc ngầm dòng chảy ngang. Nghiên cứu trên mô hình thí nghiệm đặt tại hiện trường và trên công trình HF thực tế thấy rằng Thủy trúc phát triển tốt với tốc độ sinh trưởng lớn. Sự phát triển của nó thúc đẩy sự chuyển hóa các chất hữu cơ (BOD5) và các chất dinh dưỡng (NH4, NO3, PO4) với các hệ số động học phân hủy cao. Hệ số động học kBOD của bãi lọc ngầm HF có trồng Thủy trúc là 0,214 m.ngày-1 cao hơn nhiều so với khuyến cáo của TCVN 7957:2008. Các hệ số kNH4 là 0,05÷0,10 m.ngày-1, kNO3 là 0,029÷0,059 m.ngày-1 và kPO4 là 0,011÷0,081 m.ngày-1. Nước thải sinh hoạt sau khi xử lý qua HF đảm bảo được mức A theo QCVN 14:2008/BTNMT.
Từ khóa:
bãi lọc ngầm dòng chảy ngang; Thủy trúc; nước thải sinh hoạt; hệ số động học.
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Pei, Ling-Ling, and Qin Li. "Forecasting Quarterly Sales Volume of the New Energy Vehicles Industry in China Using a Data Grouping Approach-Based Nonlinear Grey Bernoulli Model." Sustainability 11, no. 5 (February 27, 2019): 1247. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11051247.
Full textAbstract:
The new energy vehicles (NEVs) industry has been regarded as the primary industry involving in the transformation of the China automobile industry and environmental pollution control. Based on the quarterly fluctuation characteristics of NEVs’ sales volume in China, this research puts forwards a data grouping approach-based nonlinear grey Bernoulli model (DGA-based NGBM (1,1)). The main ideas of this work are to effectively predict quarterly fluctuation of NEVs industry by introducing a data grouping approach into the NGBM (1,1) model, and then use the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm to optimize the parameters of the model so as to increase forecasting precision. By empirical comparison between the DGA-based NGBM (1,1) and existing data grouping approach-based GM (1,1) model (DGA-based GM (1,1)), DGA-based NGBM (1,1) can effectively reduce the prediction error resulting from quarterly fluctuation of sales volume of the NEVs, and prediction performance are proven to be favorable. The results of out-of-sample forecasting using the model proposed show that the sales volume of NEVs in China will increase by 57% in 2019–2020 with a quarterly fluctuation. In 2020, the sales volume of NEVs will exceeds the target of 2 million in the “13th Five-Year Strategic Development Plan”. Therefore, China needs to pay more attention to infrastructure construction and after-sales service for NEVs.