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REBAI, MARICA. "Fast neutron instrumentation for beam diagnostic." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/28449.
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This thesis concerns the development of fast neutron instrumentation for beam diagnostic. Two kind of detectors have been developed. The first is a diamond detector for fast neutron measurements at the ChipIr beamline of the ISIS spallation neutron source (Didcot, UK). ISIS is a 50Hz-pulsed source in which neutrons are produced by 800 MeV protons interacting on a heavy metal target. The second is a Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM) detector developed for measurements of the neutron emission map in the deuterium beam prototype facility for the ITER fusion reactor under construction at the RFX site (Padova).
Measurements of the so-called Single Event Effects (SEE) are the main application of the ChipIr beamline. SEEs are a potential threat to the robustness of integrated circuits featuring dimensions of tens of nanometers. SEEs occur when a highly energetic particle causes a disruption of the correct operation of an electronic component by striking its sensitive regions. Recent studies have shown that the neutron component above 1 MeV of the cosmic ray radiation is the primary contribution to SEEs for heights < 10 km. In order to evaluate the sensitivity of electronic devices to SEEs, fault-tolerant design techniques must be employed, and extensive analyses are needed to qualify their robustness. Experiments with atmospheric neutrons can be carried out but, due to the low intensity, they require very long periods of data acquisition.
Neutron sources represent an opportunity due to the availability of high intensity fluxes which allow for accelerated irradiation experiments. Recent experiments performed at ISIS on the VESUVIO beamline demonstrated the suitability of ISIS for this kind of application.
The new ChipIr beamline will provide an atmospheric-like neutron spectrum with a multiplication factor around 10^8. A crucial task for ChipIr design is the development of a neutron beam monitor for measurements of the neutron fluence in the MeV energy range. The detector developed in this thesis as a beam monitor for ChipIr is a Single-crystal Diamond Detector (SDD). Neutron detection using diamonds is based on the collection of the electrons/holes pairs produced by the energy deposited in the crystal following neutron reactions with carbon.
First tests were performed in 2009 using a prototype SDD.
The device features a p-type/intrinsic/metal Schottky barrier structure where the active (intrinsic) detection layer is obtained by chemical-vapour deposition.
Both Time of Flight (ToF) only and biparametric (ToF and pulse height) measurements were successfully performed. Measurements were also performed using a Fission Diamond Detector (FDD). A FDD is a device based on a single crystal diamond coupled to a natural uranium converter foil. The biparametric data collection allowed us to distinguish events from 235U, 238U and from carbon break-up reactions inside the diamond. Limitations to quantitative analysis due to the initial choice of detector thickness and instrumental settings were highlighted by the tests.
In a new set of experiments performed in July 2010, April 2011 and October 2011 a new fast neutron detector was tested.
The measurements showed three characteristics regions in the biparametric spectra:
-background events of low pulse heights induced by gamma-rays;
-low pulse height events in the neutron ToF region corresponding to En in the range 2.4-5.7 MeV which are ascribed to elastic scattering on 12C;
-large pulse height events in the ToF region corresponding to En>6 MeV which are ascribed to 12C(n,α)9Be and 12C(n,n')3α reactions.
Neutron energy information was found to be contained both in the pulse height and in the ToF data, which suggests that SDDs are good candidate detectors for spectroscopy in fast neutron irradiation experiments. The use of diamond detectors as beam monitors requires further characterization of their response to monoenergetic neutrons.
The second detector developed in this thesis is a nGEM detector able to map the neutron intensity produced in the SPIDER/MITICA beams at the Consorzio RFX in Padova.
The ITER neutral beam test facility under construction in Padova will host two experimental devices: SPIDER, a 100 keV negative hydrogen/deuterium beam, and MITICA, a full scale, 1 MeV deuterium beam. A number of diagnostics will be deployed in the two facilities to qualify the beams. The aim of this thesis was to design a neutron diagnostic for SPIDER, as a first step towards the application of this diagnostic technique to MITICA.
The proposed detection system is called CNESM which stands for Close-contact Neutron Emission Surface Mapping.
CNESM is placed right behind the beam dump, as close as possible to the neutron emitting surface. It shall provide the map of the neutron emission on the surface of the beam dump. The latter is a rectangular panel made of water cooled pipes used to stop the incoming beam.
The CNESM diagnostic system uses nGEM as neutron detectors. These are Gas Electron Multiplier detectors equipped with a cathode that also serves as neutron-proton converter.
The diagnostic was designed on the basis of simulations of the different steps, from the deuteron beam interaction with the beam dump to the neutron detection in the nGEM. The deuteron deposition inside the dump was simulated with the TRIM code in order to provide the deposition profile. Neutron emission occurs via fusion reactions between the deuterium beam and the deuterons implanted in the beam dump surface.
Neutron scattering in the beam dump was simulated using the MCNPX code.
The nGEM cathode is at about 30 mm from the beam dump front surface. It is composed of two layers (polyethylene + aluminum) each ~50μm thick. The aluminum layer stops all protons that are emitted from the polyethylene at an angle higher than 40° relative to the normal to the cathode surface. This means that most of the detected neutrons at a point of the nGEM surface are emitted from the corresponding 40X22 mm^2 beamlet footprint on the dump front surface.
The nGEM readout pads (area 20X22 mm^2) will record a useful count rate of ~5 kHz providing a time resolution of better than 1 s. Each nGEM detector maps the neutron emission from a group of 5X16 beamlets: as many as 16 nGEM detectors would be needed to cover the entire beam dump.
The effect of the directional detector response due to the Al foil is to decrease the FWHM value to about 30 mm. This level of spatial resolution is adequate for unfolding the neutron source intensity from the 2D event map in the nGEM detector. The first nGEM detector prototype was tested at the FNG neutron source in Frascati, where the directional response of the nGEM cathode to neutrons was verified.
The successful design of the CNESM neutron diagnostic for SPIDER provides the basis for its application to MITICA (X100 larger neutron fluxes expected), where it will be particularly useful to resolve the horizontal beam intensity profile.
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Århem, Nikolas. "Forests, Spirits and High Modernist Development : A Study of Cosmology and Change among the Katuic Peoples in the Uplands of Laos and Vietnam." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för kulturantropologi och etnologi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-236880.
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This thesis explores how Katuic-speaking indigenous groups in the Central Annamitic Cordillera of Vietnam and Laos understand their environment – hills, streams and forest. Katuic eco-cosmology assumes that the natural landscape is imbued with spirit agents, with whom people must continuously communicate lest misfortune will strike and their livelihoods fail. The thesis posits the hypothesis that these spirit beliefs, and a variety of taboo notions accompanying them, can be interpreted as expressions of a complex socio-environmental adaptation. Today, the indigenous groups in the study region are confronted with a massive development- and modernisation push on two fronts – that of the global development industry on the one hand, and the implementation of national development policies and programs as part of the high-modernist state project in communist Vietnam and Laos, on the other. A second objective of the thesis, then, is to examine the effects of this multi-layered and multi-scaled confrontation on indigenous cosmology, livelihood and landscape. It is argued, this confrontation at the development frontier can be conceived of as an interface between different ontologies or reality posits – one animist, articulated in a relational stance towards the landscape; the other, a naturalist or rationalist ontology, expressed as an objectivist stance towards nature and embodied in the high-modernist development schemes and programs unfolding in the region with the aim of re-engineering its indigenous societies and exploiting its natural resources. Large parts of the Central Annamites were severely impacted by the Vietnam War; uncounted numbers of minority people were killed, or had their villages destroyed or relocated while defoliants, bombs, and forest fires ravaged the landscape. In the decades that followed the war, the entire social and natural landscape has been reshaped by national development policies and the modernist visions that underpin them. The thesis attempts to understand this physical and cultural transformation of the landscape, focusing particularly on the gradual breakdown of the complex indigenous socio-religious institutions that appear to have played an important functional role in maintaining the pre-war structure of the landscape. The thesis is based primarily on fieldwork carried out between 2004 and 2009 in the provinces of Quảng Nam and Thừa Thiên–Huế in Vietnam and Sekong in Laos.
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Adjiou, Kodjo. "Les exploitations agricoles comme reflet d'une société en changement : Ngam-Ngam, Tchokossi et Moba-Gourma de Mango : Togo septentrional." Paris 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA010515.
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Les Ngam-Ngam, les Tchokossi et les Moba-Gourma se sont implantés à Sansanne-Mango (Togo septentrional) à des époques différentes. Les Tchokossi organisés dans des structures politiques hiérarchisées et centralisées imposèrent vite, grâce à leur suprématie militaire, leur domination sur tous les autres peuples de la région. La principale conséquence de cette domination se traduisit dans l'espace par une forme d'occupation et d'utilisation du sol ayant des incidences sur la production agricole. Cela a permis, au regard d'une faible densité de peuplement, d'obtenir des rendements et une production suffisants pour satisfaire les besoins alimentaires des paysanneries. Mais, l'exode rural, la transformation de leur économie de subsistance en économie intégrée au système des échanges régionaux et internationaux, et plus particulièrement la réduction de l'espace de vie due à la création et à l'extension du parc national et de la réserve de chasse de la Keran ne sont-ils pas des facteurs de bouleversement des équilibres socio-économiques et politiques de ces paysanneries? À travers les exploitations agricoles considérées comme des unités de production et des cellules de vie, c'est l'étude de l'évolution de ces sociétés d'agriculteurs qui est mise en évidence. L'approche par les exploitations agricoles est une méthode d'analyse synthétique dans laquelle les facteurs diachroniques dont les dimensions démographique, sociale et économique des exploitations, les objectifs de production, et les systèmes de cultures sont les principaux axes autour desquels est centrée cette étude
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Adjiou, Kodjo. "Les Exploitations agricoles comme reflet d'une société en changement Ngam-Ngam, Tchokossi et Moba-Gourma de Mango (Togo septentrional) /." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1990. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37602117v.
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Gomes, Gabriela Rodrigues. "Utiliza??o da desobstru??o rinofar?ngea retr?grada em compara??o com a aspira??o nasofar?ngea em crian?as internadas por bronquiolite viral aguda." Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2015. http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/6077.
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Objectives: To compare the effects of retrograde rhinopharyngeal clearance (RRC) with nasopharyngeal aspiration in children admitted with acute viral bronchiolitis (AVB). Methods: This is an experimental, controlled and randomized study in children admitted for AVB up to 12 months old. Patients were divided in aspiration group (AG), submitted to nasopharyngeal aspiration, and clearance group (CG), submitted to RRC technique. In both groups there were three evaluations in the same day (C1, C2, C3), including cardiorespiratory parameters, clinical score of respiratory dysfunction and adverse effects. Results: 100 children were included, 50 in each group, with no statistical difference between the groups regarding the characteristics of the sample. There was a significant reduction in heart rate (HR) in C1 and C2 after 10 and 30 min. Number of episodes of nasal bleeding and vomiting was higher in AG compared to CG. Children classified as moderate showed a significant reduction of retractions and nasal bleeding. AG children?s showed an increase of 6.7% and 19.5% of wheezing and retractions, respectively, while the children of CG showed only 4.6% for both parameters. Conclusion: The use of RRC technique in the clinical management of children with AVB can be an alternative for the clearance of the upper airways, as it showed immediate positive results on the occurrence of complications and signs of respiratory effort compared with the nasopharyngeal aspiration. Children classified with moderate clinical scores appear to be the most benefited.
Objetivos: Comparar os efeitos da desobstru??o rinofar?ngea retr?grada (DRRI) com a aspira??o nasofar?ngea em crian?as internadas com diagn?stico de bronquiolite viral aguda. M?todos: Estudo do tipo experimental, controlado e randomizado, em crian?as internadas por BVA com at? 12 meses de idade. Os pacientes foram divididos em grupo aspira??o (GA), submetido ? aspira??o nasofar?ngea, e grupo desobstru??o (GD), submetido ? t?cnica de DRRI. Em ambos os grupos foram realizadas tr?s avalia??es, no mesmo dia (C1, C2, C3), incluindo par?metros cardiorrespirat?rios, escore cl?nico de disfun??o respirat?ria e presen?a de efeitos adversos. Resultados: Foram inclu?das 100 crian?as, sendo 50 em cada grupo, sem diferen?a estat?stica entre os grupos quanto ? caracteriza??o da amostra. Houve redu??o significativa da frequ?ncia card?aca (FC) na C1 e C2 ap?s 10 e 30 min. O n?mero de epis?dios de sangramento nasal e v?mito foi maior no GA em rela??o ao GD. Crian?as classificadas como moderadas apresentaram redu??o significativa de tiragem e sangramento nasal. Crian?as do GA apresentaram um aumento de 6,7% e 19,5% de sibil?ncia e tiragem, respectivamente, enquanto nas crian?as do GD foi de apenas 4,6% para ambos os par?metros. Conclus?o: A utiliza??o da t?cnica de DRRI no manejo cl?nico de crian?as com BVA pode ser uma alternativa para a desobstru??o de vias a?reas superiores, pois mostrou resultados imediatos positivos sobre a ocorr?ncia de complica??es e sinais de esfor?o ventilat?rio em compara??o com a aspira??o nasofar?ngea. Crian?as classificadas com escore cl?nico moderado parecem ser as mais beneficiadas.
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Chapman, Christopher Adam 1964. "Regional traditions of Lao vocal music : lam siphandon and khap ngeum." Monash University, School of Music-Conservatorium, 2002. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/7867.
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Ngom, Marie [Verfasser]. "Transitivité en seereer : Variante «ool» de «NGoye Mbayaar» (Sénégal) / Marie Ngom." Frankfurt a.M. : Peter Lang GmbH, Internationaler Verlag der Wissenschaften, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1161044566/34.
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Chukwuelue, Chukwudi N. "NMCI TO NGEN: MANAGING THE TRANSITION OF NAVY INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY INFRASTRUCTURE." Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/32806.
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The Navy and Marine Corps Intranet (NMCI), which is second only to the Internet in size, was supposed to be a mechanism to transform and support the Navy and Marine Corps with an IT infrastructure that would move the Department of Navy into the 21st century of warfare. Its function was to enhance command and control initiatives of the Navy and Marine Corps by harnessing the power of an integrated network. The current state of NMCI, though marred by a decade filled with marginal successes and many setbacks, is very positive, boasting more than 700,000 users, and consisting of over 380,000 work stations in more than 3,000 locations dispersed over seven continents. In 2008, Department of Navy leadership decided to move on and embrace the Next Generation Enterprise Network (NGEN) guided by early transition activities (ETA) and continuity of services contract. The use of the ETAs was to successfully mitigate the risk while migrating services from a contractor-owned, contractor-operated model to one that gives the government increased command and control. The purpose of this research is to examine the effectiveness of ETA and concurrent contracts in mitigating the challenges of migrating from the NMCI environment.
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Olofsson, Niklas, and Alice Törnqvist. "Aktielikviditet på Stockholmsbörsen och NGM - prissätts likviditet i aktiehandeln?" Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Företagsekonomi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-29992.
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Syfte: Syftet är att undersöka om det finns ett samband mellan aktiers likviditet och avkastning. Metod: Vår studie består av en kvantitativ metod där vi med hjälp av databasen Eikon från Thomson Reuters samlat in finansiella data. Vi har sedan med hjälp av Excel sammanställt och gjort beräkningar och slutligen gjort korrelationstester i statistikprogrammet SPSS. Resultat och slutsats: Studien skiljer sig från tidigare forskningsresultat då ingen signifikant likviditetspremie kan fastställas vid årlig ombalansering av portföljerna. När portföljerna behåller samma aktier under hela tidsperioden (6 år) finner vi däremot att den minst likvida portföljen genererar betydligt högre avkastning jämfört med den mest likvida portföljen. Bidrag: Studiens teoretiska bidrag stärker tidigare forskningsresultat om att beta inte är ett komplett riskmått vad gäller illikvida aktier. Ingen likviditetspremie uppkommer då innehavsperioden är ett år men då vår innehavsperiod istället är sex år finner vi stora skillnader mellan vår minst respektive mest likvida portfölj. Studiens praktiska bidrag riktar sig till investerare och företagsledare. Investerare kan vid längre tidsperioder nyttja LM12 som en investeringsstrategi för att skapa en överavkastning och företagsledare kan undersöka nyttan med att öka likviditeten i företagets aktier för att sänka företagets WACC och därmed öka värdet på företaget. Förslag till vidare forskning: För att studera aktielikviditeten vidare skulle andra innehavsperioder (längre än ett år) för portföljerna kunna undersökas. Att undersöka längre tidsperioder för studien hade också varit intressant för att undersöka hur likviditetspremien varierar över tid.Aim: The aim is to examine if there is a relationship between the liquidity and return of common stocks. Method: This study consists of quantitative research method in which we have collected financial data using the Eikon database from Thomson Reuters. We then compiled and made calculations using Excel and finally made correlation tests in the statistics program SPSS. Result and conclusion: The results from this study differs from previous research results since no significant liquidity premium could be determined while using annual rebalancing of the portfolios. When the portfolios held the same stocks for the entire period (6 years), we found that the least liquid portfolio generated significantly higher returns compared to the most liquid portfolio. Contribution of the thesis: The study's theoretical contribution strengthens previous research results in that beta is not a complete risk measure in terms of illiquid shares. No liquidity premium arises when the holding period is one year, but when our holding period is instead six years, we find great differences between our least and most liquid portfolio. The practical contribution of the study is aimed at investors and business leaders. Investors can use LM12 as an investment strategy to create an excess return during long holding periods, and business leaders can examine the benefits of increasing the liquidity of the company's common stock to lower the company's WACC and hence increase the value of the company. Suggestion for future research: In order to study the liquidity premium further, other holding periods (longer than one year) for the portfolios could be investigated. Investigating longer time periods for the study would also be interesting to investigate how the liquidity premium varies over time.
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CENSI, Damiano. "POTERE DI SPESA E VINCOLI DI BILANCIO TRA UEM E STATI MEMBRI Le possibilità di una stabilizzazione economico-finanziaria in una prospettiva giuridico-costituzionale." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Ferrara, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11392/2488085.
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La presente tesi si pone l’obiettivo di approfondire due temi di ricerca.
Il primo indaga se, a seguito delle riforme correlate al rafforzamento della governance economica europea conseguente alla crisi del 2008-2009, i poteri di spesa degli Stati membri, a partire da quello italiano, abbiano tuttora la possibilità di ottemperare agli obblighi di garanzia del nucleo inviolabile di diritti e libertà (e quindi del principio democratico).
Il secondo discende dalla scelta, in risposta alla crisi economica del 2008-2009 ed economico-sanitaria del 2020, di approfondire il processo di integrazione europea esternalizzando parte degli strumenti serventi i poteri di spesa nazionali. Porta, quindi, l’indagine qui esposta a ricostruire il quadro giuridico della gestione delle finanze pubbliche dell’Uem. Ovvero, ad individuare e vagliare i singoli strumenti della governance economica europea e di concerto a domandarsi se questi siano in grado non tanto e non solo di ottemperare quantitativamente ai compiti affidati ai poteri di spesa nazionali, quanto se siano regolati da un sistema di pesi e contrappesi capace di veicolarne le risorse all’ottemperanza dei fini di eguaglianza sostanziale e partecipazione democratica.
Su quest’ultimo punto si ricongiungono, dunque, i temi finora esplicitati, e affrontati separatamente lungo i primi capitoli della trattazione, manifestando il loro essere parte di un interrogativo unitario: possono le Costituzioni degli Stati membri (in particolare di Italia e Germania) coesistere con la cessione ad un potere di spesa europeo dell’assolvimento dei compiti di garanzia di diritti e libertà, e conseguentemente del principio democratico, senza che si incorra in una rottura costituzionale?
A partire da Next Generation EU, infatti, sembra che la rotta per l’altra sponda dell’ormai famoso guado sia stata individuata nell’approfondimento della governance economica europea e nello strumento del debito. Tuttavia, tale percorso ha già portato alla forzatura dei limiti disposti dalle Costituzioni e dai Trattati fondamentali dell’Ue, sia secondo la giurisprudenza che la dottrina costituzionale di molti tra gli Stati membri.
Diversamente dalla rotta del ricorso al debito si ritiene che scegliere quella del rafforzamento, quantitativo e qualitativo, del sistema fiscale dell’Ue possa evitare di accrescere le probabilità dell’avverarsi della rottura precedentemente paventata senza esigere necessariamente una previa riforma complessiva dei Trattati fondamentali.This PhD Thesis explores whether the Constitutions of the Member States of the European Union, in particular that of Italy and Germany, can coexist with the transfer a) of the tasks of guaranteeing social rights and b) of democratic control over the spending power, to a centralized European spending power without leading to a constitutional break. It does so through the study of two key issues. The first one is whether, following the reforms related to European economic governance implemented as a consequence of the 2008-2009 crisis, national spending powers, significantly the Italian one, still have the chance to comply with their obligations to guarantee the inalienable core of fundamental rights and freedoms and therefore of the democratic principle. The second issue considered is the response given to the economic crisis of 2008-2009 and to economic-health crisis of 2020, which is furthering the process of European integration by outsourcing part of the instruments serving national spending powers. Therefore, this PhD Thesis reconstructs the legal framework of the management of public finances of the EMU, identifying and studying the individual instruments of European economic governance. It then explores whether these are able not only to comply quantitatively with the tasks originally entrusted to national spending powers, but also if they are regulated by a system of checks and balances capable of channeling those resources to the fulfillment of the aims of substantial equality and democratic participation. Starting from Next Generation EU, hitherto the route to the other side of the river crossing has been identified in the strengthening of European economic governance via the debt instrument. However, this process has already led to testing the limits laid down by Constitutions and fundamental EU Treaties according to jurisprudence and constitutional doctrine of many of the Member States. Instead of following the debt route, this Thesis argues that it is through strengthening the EU fiscal system that the possibility of the rupture outlined above can be avoided without needing a comprehensive reform of the founding Treaties of the European Union.
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Korndoerfer, Martin Christoph. "Exploring human-environment interactions and their effects around Ngel Nyaki Forest Reserve, Nigeria." Thesis, University of Canterbury. School of Biological Sciences, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/5247.
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Many protected areas around the world face degradation in the face of poverty, maladapted agricultural practices and population growth in their surroundings. This research uses a multidisciplinary approach to study this complex problem in the context of a montane ecosystem. The study area comprises Ngel Nyaki and Kurmin Danko Forest Reserves on the Mambilla Plateau in Eastern Nigeria and the surrounding landscape, comprising pastoral lands, farmland, villages and homesteads.
Ongoing degradation of the Forest Reserves through their illegal use as grazing areas by the local Fulani pastoralists indicates that the exclusionary protection of the forest is not working. It may be that a participatory forestry approach to conservation would be more successful. The research presented in this thesis uses a variety of methods (interviews, remote sensing, geographic information systems (GIS) and ecological monitoring) to evaluate the current situation in the study area with the aim of determining the likelihood of such a participatory approach to conservation being successful.
Satellite images from the years 1988, 2000 and 2009 were used to quantify changes in forest cover to measure deforestation and regeneration rates. Interviews were used to understand the Fulani's pastoral management systems, land ownership status, cattle movements and living situation. Data from interviews and observations as well as from satellite imagery were combined in a GIS to approximate stocking rates and property boundaries and to identify the level of livelihood diversification the different Fulani families have undergone. As grass and water availability have been identified as the main environmental factors determining grazing and cattle movements, environmental data was collected to determine changes in the rates of grass productivity and streamflow over the course of one dry season.
The study found that the extent of natural forest is decreasing all over the study area, on privately owned properties, commonly owned properties and in the Forest Reserves. Evidence of human impacts such as charred grassland by late burning and cattle tracks were clearly visible throughout the reserves, with the exception of the core forest area, indicating ongoing intensive use and management of the reserve for cattle grazing. The stocking rates in dry and wet seasons have been found likely to exceed carrying capacities, which results in overgrazing and a reduction in vegetation cover.
The Fulani in the study area have already undergone a transition from relying purely on livestock and livestock products to relying on a mix of livestock, agriculture and silviculture. This transition shows potential for forest transition according to the 'forest transition theory', which, supported by the right policy incentives could be transformed into landscape scale conservation of endemic flora and fauna.
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Biomass productivity and water availability in wet and dry seasons were found to be highly asymmetric, which seriously restricts the number of suitable cattle management systems.
Data indicate that tall riverine vegetation may have effects on stream water availability during the dry season. The findings of this section point to the need of carefully reassessing the current management of tall riverine vegetation on the Mambilla plateau, also in view of the sustainability of the water supply for pastoral livelihoods.
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Oliveira, Amanda da Silva. "Poder e g?nero em Miguel ?ngel Asturias, ?rico Verissimo e Gioconda Belli." Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2015. http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/6121.
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Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES
This dissertation aims to study power and genre in three Latin American novels: Mister President, by Miguel ?ngel Asturias, His Excellency, the Ambassador, by Erico Verissimo and A women?s country, by Gioconda Belli. Dealing with the definition of concepts of the literary field of Guatemala, Brazil and Nicaragua, from the year of publication of the analyzed works, the textual analyses are directed towards the perception of the way power stablishes itself under the form of dictatorship oppression in Latin America, and how female characters are presented in these narratives according to this oppression. There is also the identification of the speeches of possible worlds of equality and social justice in Latin America, as produced by the authors.
O objetivo dessa disserta??o ? o estudo dos temas poder e g?nero em tr?s romances latino-americanos: O Senhor Presidente, de Miguel ?ngel Asturias; O Senhor Embaixador, de Erico Verissimo; e O Pa?s das mulheres, de Gioconda Belli. Tratando de definir os conceitos de campo liter?rio da Guatemala, do Brasil e da Nicar?gua, a partir do ano de publica??o das obras estudadas, as an?lises textuais se direcionam ? percep??o de como o poder se estabelece sob forma de opress?o nas ditaduras das Am?ricas, e de como as personagens femininas se apresentam nessas narrativas segundo essa opress?o, al?m da identifica??o dos discursos dos mundos poss?veis de igualdade e de justi?a social na Am?rica Latina, produzidos pelos autores.
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Grignon, François. "Le politicien entrepreneur en son terroir : Paul Ngei à Kangundo (Kenya) 1945-1990." Bordeaux 4, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BOR40035.
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Cette these etudie la carriere politique de paul ngei, politicien kenyan, entre 1945 et 1990. En reprenant le paradigme du politicien entrepreneur et de la gestion des ressources politiques, elle montre qu'il est necessaire de saisir les interactions entre trois arenes pour analyser la competition politique au kenya : les terroirs, les districts et l'arene nationale. Dans la premiere partie, l'analyse se porte sur la naissance d'une entreprise politique (1945-1961), issue de l'opportunite historique d'un leader et de la fractures sociale qui s'est developpee dans un terroir au lendemain de la seconde guerre mondiale. La deuxieme partie est centree sur les annees de croissance de l'entreprise politique de paul ngei (1961-1969) au cours desquelles celui-ci deploie ses premieres strategies de conquete du pouvoir et apprend, a ses depens, les contraintes normatives posees des le lendemain de l'independance pour encadrer les strategies de legitimation et la gestion des ressources politiques. La troisieme partie est consacrees aux deux ages de la maturite de cette entreprise politique (1969-1990). Le premier, celui de l'epanouissement, voit l'homme politique kamba gerer efficacement ses ressources locales et nationales pour se faire coopter aux plus hauts sommets de l'etat (1969-1978). Le second, celui du declin, illustre a la fois le changement des regles normatives de la competition pour le pouvoir au kenya et celui du rapport de representation entre l'homme politique et un terroir, transforme par des mutations socio-economiques rapides. Au cours de cette etude, trois ressources politiques sont analysees en detail : les reseaux de mobilisation electorale que sont les associations de clans et les groupes de femmes et la pratique du serment, le "kithitu"This thesis analyses the political career of paul ngei, a kenyan politician, from 1945 to 1990. Using the theoretical framework of political entrepreneurship and ressources management, it shows that it is necessary to consider the interactions between three arenas to analyse properly political competition in kenya : the constituency, district and national levels. In the first section, the birth of a political career is analysed (1945-1961), showing how an historic opportunity was given to paul ngei in parallel to the social fracture which developped in his constituency; kangundo, after the second world war. The second section focuses on the debut of paul ngei's political career (1961-1969). During those years ngei puts his first attempts to conquer positions of power and learns the hard way the normative constraints limiting the use of his political ressources. The third section is devoted the mature years of his political carreer (1969-1990). In the seventies ngei manages to use his local and national political resources to access the highest spheres of political power, becoming a member of "the royal family". But in eighties, ngei has to face both the change of the normative rules guiding political competition in kenya and the transformation taking place in his rural constituency. Throughout this study a special emphasis is given to the analysis of three political resources : the networks of mobilisation organised around women groups and clan associations and the use of the kithitu oath
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Fung, Stephen [Verfasser]. "Estrogen improves vascular function via peroxisome-proliferator-activated-receptor-γ / Stephen Ngum Fung." Bonn : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1238687520/34.
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Chan, Hoo-kong Patrick, and 陳浩江. "Comprehensive redevelopment of A Kung Ngam: Ming Wah Da Ha and its adjacent areas." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1993. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31258141.
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Somte, Madeleine. "Le nom et le pronom en ngam, langue sara du Tchad et de Centrafrique." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210340.
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Dans l'étude présente, nous avons fait une analyse distributionnelle du ngam, langue sara parlée au Sud du Tchad et au Nord de la République Centrafricaine. L'étude s'est subdivisée en cinq parties:- la phonologie
- une description générale des structures du syntagme nominal
- une description du nom
- un chapitre consacré à l'expression de la qualification en nous basant essentiellement sur la définition de la catégorie des adjectifs qualificatifs
- une étude pronominale
Le verbe ne fait partie de cette étude, elle fera l'objet d'une publication dans un futur proche. L'annexe comprend un lexique et un texte d'illustration.
Doctorat en Langues et lettres
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
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Chan, Hoo-kong Patrick. "Comprehensive redevelopment of A Kung Ngam : Ming Wah Da Ha and its adjacent areas /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1993. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B19740189.
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Dutton, Paul Edward. "Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes ellioti) ecology in a Nigerian montane forest." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Biological Sciences, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/8187.
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Due to high levels of exploitation, habitat loss and habitat degradation, Pan troglodytes has
experienced such a significant population reduction over the past 20 to 30 years that it is
now on the IUCN (International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural
Resources) Red List of Endangered Species.
The Nigerian chimpanzee, Pan troglodytes ellioti (Gray 1862), is the most endangered of
the four subspecies of chimpanzee. It has the smallest distribution and smallest population
size, estimated in 2011 to be between 3,500 – 9,000 individuals. P. t. ellioti was first
recognized as a distinct subspecies in 1997, and in 2008 an Action Plan Study Group was
set up with the goal to determine the priority sites for its conservation and the actions that
should be taken to ensure its long-term survival. The Action Plan was published in 2011
and this thesis is timely as it begins to answer some of the questions deemed important in
the action plan.
The overall aim of this study was to explore the ecology and behaviour of a small, isolated
montane population of P. t. ellioti with the aim of making a useful contribution to future
recommendations for the management and conservation of this subspecies. Specifically, I
estimated the density of chimpanzees in Ngel Nyaki Forest Reserve, Taraba State, Nigeria
and investigated their nesting ecology, elementary technology, diet, seed dispersal and the
viability of seeds dispersed by the chimpanzees.
I estimated chimpanzee density by using a combination of direct (direct observation) and
indirect methods using nest counts. My investigation of nesting ecology concentrated on
identifying habitat variables that influenced choice of nesting site. I assessed elementary
technology by locating and describing both manufactured artefacts and unmanufactured
objects, and I then located evidence from the surrounding environment to establish details
about their presence or absence.
Chimpanzee diet was assessed using evidence from faecal samples and artefacts. In order
to identify preferences and agents involved in removal of various seed species ingested and
dispersed by chimpanzees I set-up a series of experiments using plots into which seed piles
were added. Lastly, I compared the rate of germination of conspecific seeds which had
been passed through a chimpanzee gut with those that had not been dispersed.
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Jung, Gun. "Revelation and language : a study in Eberhard Jüngel's trinitarian approach to the doctrine of the Bible." Thesis, University of Wales Trinity Saint David, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.683345.
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Macdonald, Fraser Ross. "Parks, people, and power: the social effects of protecting the Ngel Nyaki Forest Reserve in eastern Nigeria." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Sociology and Anthropology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/978.
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The thesis outlines the impacts produced on local indigenous people by the protection of the Ngel Nyaki Forest Reserve in Taraba State, eastern Nigeria. After locating my work in various fields of literature and providing detailed background information on the area in which I conducted my fieldwork and the people who inhabit that area, I proceed onto the core of my thesis, which is two-fold. Firstly, I outline the impacts produced on the local people who inhabit the settlements surrounding the reserve. I elucidate the social, cultural, psychological, economic, and residential impacts of protecting the reserve. Second, I show how local people have adapted to these profound impacts. I show that they have negotiated the effects in various ways, including migration, livelihood diversification and shifting economic dependencies.
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Roselli, Sasha Mahani. "The role of seed dispersal, seed predation and drought in the restoration of Ngel Nyaki Forest, Nigeria." Thesis, University of Canterbury. School of Biological Sciences, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/9967.
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Abstract
The restoration of degraded landscapes has become one of our most valuable tools for conservation, however there are many factors which can restrict natural regeneration and impede active restoration attempts. The purpose of this study was to investigate three key processes which commonly limit the establishment of forest tree species into abandoned pasture in tropical forests: i) dispersal limitation, ii) seed predation, and iii) competition from the grass sward.
Seed dispersal
I identified 59 species of birds that were using the grassland habitat. Through 216 hours of focal tree observations I established that isolated trees in the grassland that had larger canopies, and those that were providing a food source (i.e. flowers or fruit) had significantly higher bird visitation rates and average stay lengths. I found evidence of the “perch effect” as patches of remnant trees encouraged more birds into areas of grassland, and the density of seedlings under tree canopies was significantly positively correlated with bird visitations. 95% of the seedlings found beneath tree canopies in grassland were of a different species to that of the tree canopy above them, demonstrating the dispersal of seeds from elsewhere into these microhabitats. 98% of these seedlings are grassland or forest edge species showing forest core species are still dispersal or microsite limited despite the effect of these trees.
Seed predation
Removal rates of seeds from experimentally laid out seed piles varied among seed species, the habitat the pile was in, and the predator guild able to access the piles. Preliminary results indicate that these trends are driven by the ecology of the seed predator. Removal of seeds by vertebrates was highest in the core forest, while ant predation was constant across all habitats. Vertebrates removed the larger seeds (Entandrophragma angolense and Sterculia tragacantha) while ants preferred the smaller Celtis gomphophylla and Croton macrostachyus. Overall predation rates in grassland were lower than those in the forest, and the presence of remnant trees did not influence predation rates, a positive sign for regeneration and the survival of seeds dispersed into these areas.
Competition from the grass sward
While the grass sward provides shade for seedlings of forest tree species it is also a harsh environment for them, as the grass competes with seedlings for water. Removing the grass and covering planted seedlings with artificial shading structures significantly increased both the survival and growth of these seedlings.
Recommendations
From this study I was able to make recommendations for a low input restoration program at Ngel Nyaki. Planting seedlings in small „islands‟ takes advantage of the natural increase in dispersal of seeds under isolated trees, while low seed predation rates increase the chance of survival of these seeds to germination. Planting these seedlings under shade will lead to increases both their growth rates and their survival. Once the secondary forest develops, under-planting seedlings of core forest trees will introduce them to the system, as the natural establishment of these seeds appears to be limited in the current environment. This study has also served to remind us how little we know about this particular forest-grassland system, and has led to the development of ideas for further investigations into several more aspects of regeneration.
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GarciÌa, Omar A. "Towards an interpretation of the poetic text : language and thought in the poetry of JoseÌ AÌngel Valente." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.251927.
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Jayasekera, Dumindu Lasitha. "Impacts of Climate Change on Water Resources and Corresponding Adaptation Strategies of the Nam Ngum River Basin, Laos." DigitalCommons@USU, 2013. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/2031.
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The Nam Ngum River Basin (NNRB) in Laos has received attention of foreign investors due to high hydropower development potential and low per capita electricity consumption. The NNRB is rapidly developing due to its hydropower generation potentials while water demands will increase for agricultural and domestic purposes due to population increase and land-use changes. Water availability conditions will be affected with the increasing water demand and climate change may worsen the water availability conditions. Climate is often defined as the weather averaged over time whereas weather describes atmospheric conditions at a particular place and time in terms of air temperature, pressure, humidity, wind speed and rainfall. On regional scale, climate change impact assessment is crucial for water resource planning, management and decision making. First part of this study, reliable estimation of climatic variables is performed under climate change. Second part assess the changes in water resources regimes and sustainability conditions of agricultural and domestic water user sectors under climate change for “do nothing” option that are critical for strategic planning and to minimize the negative impacts. Third part assesses the long-term climate change trends, water allocation challenges and appropriate adaptation measures to minimize watershed impacts to achieve sustainability and long-term management goals. The major findings of this study shows (1) wetter and warmer climates especially in the latter part of the century indicating less water availability, (2) sustainability in meeting the water demands for agriculture and domestic use is affected under “do nothing” option, and (3) watershed scale adaptation measures improve the (1) hydropower generation, (2) sustainability conditions in agricultural and domestic water user sectors, and (3) flow regimes.
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Pearson, Stephen. "The 'Generation X' paradigm in Spanish culture of the 1990s (LuciÌa Etxebarria, Ray Loriga, JoseÌ AÌngel Mañas)." Thesis, Manchester Metropolitan University, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.412831.
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Persson, Alex, and Niklas Dahlström. "Capital Structure Decisions : A case study on high growth SMEs listed on NGM Equity in Sweden." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Umeå universitet, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-38391.
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Small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) stand for 99.8 percent of businesses in Europe and are therefore a vital part of every country’s economic growth. The maintenance of an optimal capital structure is considered as an area where decision makers can influence the company as company value and risk depends, at least in part, on its capital structure. Of particular interest when studying capital structures among SMEs are high growth firms which are assumed to be more capital intense due to the need to finance their extraordinary growth. There seems to be a knowledge gap regarding research on the capital structure employed by firms listed in Sweden and there is therefore an opening for a study of this kind. Theories discussed in this paper are the pecking order theory and trade off theory which have been supplemented with information asymmetry theory and agency theory to build up a solid theoretical framework. These theories are also commonly used when capital structure issues are discussed. Pecking order theory describes how firms raise capital according to a ladder of preferences where internally generated funds are preferred to external funds and where debt is preferred to equity. Looking at the empirics on the pecking order there appear to be contradictions in the literature where some previous research findings suggest a reversion of the pecking order with regard to external funds, i.e. that external equity is preferred to external debt. Three factors that are extensively mentioned in the seminal work are financial flexibility, ownership control and the tax advantage of debt interest deductibility. These seem to have an influence on capital structure decisions. Therefore we also look at the relative importance of these factors. The research question of this study is thus: “What influences the capital structure and the pecking order among high growth, listed SMEs in Sweden?”. The practical implication of this study is to increase knowledge on what factors companies value with regard to capital structure decisions. A quantitative case study of the total population of high growth SMEs listed on the NGM Equity in Sweden was conducted. A deductive approach was used. A web based questionnaire was sent out to all 26 companies listed on NGM Equity during April 2010. The result is presented in an aggregated form using descriptive statistics and shows no evidence for a specific pecking order with regard to external funds. This suggests that the theory therefore needs revision. Equity and debt appear to be close to equally preferred and the overall finding suggests that there is a lack of financial strategy among SMEs listed on NGM Equity. Financial flexibility appears to have the most impact on influencing the financial structure followed by ownership control. The advantage of debt interest deductibility on tax appears to be of less importance. We believe that this study has contributed to knowledge about capital structure decisions and is good groundwork for future research. Future researchers are suggested to increase the studied population and separate companies according to industry and size and in order to get statistically significant results applicable on other similar groups in other countries.
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Borring, Olivia, and Alice Hörnestig. "“[I]ngen pallar ju anteckna med papper och penna” - En intervjustudie om digitala eller analoga anteckningar i den digitaliserade svenska skolan." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för lärande och samhälle (LS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-33525.
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Detta examensarbete ämnar till att svara på frågeställningen: Vilka problem och möjligheter upplever gymnasieelever i samhällsorienterande ämnen, i Malmö, att det finns med att föra anteckningar med hjälp av digitala verktyg jämfört med papper och penna? Motivering till valet av frågeställningen bygger på ett intresse av att se vilka konsekvenser digitalisering av den svenska skolan kan leda till i allmänhet och för anteckningar och lärande i synnerhet. Vår teoretiska förankring och vår metod grundar sig i fenomenografi som synliggör upplevelser av fenomen. Frågeställningen har besvarats utifrån en kvalitativ metod som utgår från intervjumaterial baserat på 10 intervjuer med gymnasieelever som läser samhällsorienterande ämnen i årskurs 3 i Malmö. Vårt resultat visar att möjligheterna med digitala anteckningar är det praktiska och tidseffektiva. Samtidigt som problemen med digitala anteckningar är desto fler. Intervjupersonerna vittnar om att det tar längre tid att tillägna sig information och att störningsmoment från sociala medier är ett dagligt inslag i undervisningen. Ytterligare problem är att de tenderar att transkribera istället för att anteckna med egna ord och att det därför är svårt att bibehålla en struktur och minnas det som antecknats. Möjligheter med papper och penna är att intervjupersonerna upplever att informationen fastnar. De använder sig av muskelminnet och antecknar med egna ord. En annan möjlighet är att det finns färre störningsmoment. Problem som upplevs när analoga anteckningar tas är bristen på rättstavningsprogram och tidsaspekten. Anmärkningsvärt i vårt resultat är att majoriteten av våra intervjupersoner väljer att anteckna på datorn trots att de upplever att de lär sig bäst när de antecknar med papper och penna. Det finns således en obalans mellan anteckningsvalet och det upplevda lärandet. Vår intervjustudie bekräftar tidigare forskning inom området men adderar en faktor som inte tidigare nämnts: undervisningstempots samband med centralt innehåll och digitalisering av skolan. Vår slutsats är att det finns ett strukturellt problem som tvingar elever att välja ett anteckningssätt ofördelaktigt för sitt lärande, samtidigt som lärare tvingas öka sitt undervisningstempo för att hinna med i den välkända stroffträngseln.
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Avelar, Rafael Linard. "Avalia??o cefalom?trica do espa?o orofar?ngeo e do osso hi?ide em pacientes submetidos a cirurgia ortogn?tica mandibular." Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2013. http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/1232.
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Previous issue date: 2013-11-12OBJECTIVE: To evaluate and compare the differences and check the correlation that exists between the hyoid bone, the airways and the point B, in short and medium term preoperative and postoperative periods, after the mandibular setback and advancement surgery has taken place. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Preoperative radiography (T1), postoperative up to 3 months (T2), and postoperative after 12 months (T3) from 79 patients with facial pattern class II and III who had undergone orthognathic surgery. These radiographies were scanned, digitalized and inserted in the Dolphin Imaging 3D v. 11.0 (Dolphin Imaging Software, Canoga Park, California, EUA) to the evaluation of 6 points. All outlines were made by two evaluators and 10 % of them were repeated after two months. In order to verify the normality of the data it was used the non-parametric Kolomogorov-Smirnov test. It was considered the index of significance (p<0.05) and the GraphPad Prism statistic software was used for all analyses. RESULTS: It has been identified significant changes in all points of soft and hard tissue between the preoperative and the two postoperative periods (T2-T1) and a significant level of accommodation of tissues (T3-T1) on the hyoid bone and airways. In T3-T1 (accommodation movement of the hyoid bone) it is observed a gradual return of the hyoid bone after the realization of the orthognathic surgery, mainly in movements above 3mm (p<0.05). During the 12 months of monitoring, it was observed a posterior movement of the hyoid bone in setback jaw surgery and anterior movement in forward jaw surgery (p<0.05), with a consequent return to the preoperative position 12 months after the surgery. Regarding the airways, the medium and minimum setback did not show significant variation in long term period (p>0.05), what happened differently of the lower airway, in which there was a shortening of the airways after one year of monitoring (p<0.05). In the foward jaw movement there was a widening of airways, showing a return close to the initial one, 12 months after the surgery (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: It has been observed in this study that the hyoid bone tends to return to the original position, mainly when it is present a setback above 3 mm and greater ones. The same holds true regarding the airways, in which it is observed a shortening of the airways in greater mandibular setbacks; and widening of the airways in greater mandibular forward movement, with a gradual return after 12 months. The Pogonion point and the B point showed a far posterior positioning, presenting a greater recidivism when the mandibular movements were bigger. The opposite happened in the mandibular forward movement cases.
OBJETIVO: Avaliar e comparar as diferen?as e verificar a correla??o existente entre o osso hi?ide, vias a?reas em regi?o de orofar?nge e ponto B, nos per?odos pr? operat?rio e p?s operat?rios a curto (3 meses) e m?dio prazo (12 meses), ap?s a realiza??o da cirurgia de recuo e avan?o mandibular MATERIAL E METODOS: Tele radiografias em perfil pr?-operat?rias (T1), p?s-operat?rias de at? 3 meses (T2) e p?s-operat?rias com 12 meses (T3) de 79 pacientes com padr?o facial classe II e III que foram submetidos ? cirurgia ortogn?tica foram escaneadas, digitalizadas e inseridas no software Dolphin Imaging 3D v. 11.0 (Dolphin Imaging Software, Canoga Park, Calif?rnia, EUA) para avalia??o de 6 pontos. Todos os tra?ados foram realizados por dois avaliadores, sendo 10% deles repetidos ap?s dois meses. Para a verifica??o da normalidade dos dados foi utilizado o teste de Kolmogorov-Smirnov. Considerou-se ?ndice de signific?ncia p < 0.05 e foi utilizado o software estat?stico GraphPad Prism 5.0? para todas as an?lises. RESULTADOS: Identificam-se mudan?as significativas em todos os pontos de tecido mole e duro entre o per?odo pr? e nos dois per?odos p?s-operat?rios (T2-T1) e grau significante de acomoda??o dos tecidos (T3-T1) nos pontos osso hi?ide e vias a?reas. Em T3-T1 (movimento de acomoda??o do osso hi?ide) observa-se um retorno gradual do osso hi?ide ap?s a realiza??o do recuo e avan?o mandibular, principalmente em movimentos acima de 3 mm (p<0.05). Durante 12 meses de acompanhamento observou-se uma movimenta??o posterior do hi?ide nas cirurgias de recuo mandibular e movimenta??o anterior nas cirurgias de avan?o mandibular (p<0.05), tendo um retorno ao posicionamento pr?-operatorio ap?s 12 meses da realiza??o da cirurgia. Com rela??o as vias a?reas o Recuo m?dio e m?nimo n?o apresentaram varia??o significante a longo prazo (p>0.05), o que ocorreu diferentemente do espa?o a?reo inferior, onde houve um estreitamento das vias a?reas ap?s 1 ano de acompanhamento (p<0.05). Nos movimentos de avan?o mandibular houve um alargamento das vias a?reas, apresentando um retorno pr?ximo ao inicial, 12 meses ap?s a realiza??o da cirurgia (p<0.05). CONCLUS?ES: Observou-se neste estudo que o hi?ide tende a retornar a posi?ao original, principalmente em recuos acima de 3 mm, e em avan?os de maior magnitude, o que ? tamb?m observado em rela??o as vias a?reas onde observa-se um estreitamento das vias a?reas em recuos mandibulares maiores, e um alongamento das vias a?reas em avan?os mandibulares maiores, com retorno gradual ap?s 12 meses. O ponto Pog?nio e ponto B apresentaram um posicionamento mais posterior, apresentando uma recidiva maior quando os movimentos mandibulares eram maiores, tendo ocorrido o inverso nos avan?os mandibulares.
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Berdeguez, James. "The sensitivity of ageostrophic circulations to model resolution : a case study using NGM forecasts of ERICA IOP-4." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/23769.
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Rayner, Rowena Ruth. "The Implications of the National Greenhouse and Energy Reporting Act 2007 on Carbon Emissions Disclosure Practices in Australia: 2005 to 2011." Thesis, Griffith University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367883.
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Carbon emissions make a significant contribution to climate change and global warming. The accounting standards, though, are silent on the treatment for carbon emissions and disclosures. As a result, stakeholders, other than the Australian Government, are reliant on voluntarily disclosed carbon emission information. This thesis investigates voluntary carbon emission disclosure practices of firms set within a carbon-based economy, Australia. Specially, this thesis notes the changes in voluntary carbon emission disclosures over time, prior to the introduction of the National Greenhouse and Energy Reporting (NGER) Act 2007 to post-legislation, 2005 to 2011. In addition, this thesis also investigates the determinants of such disclosures.
A multi-theoretical framework incorporating legitimacy, signalling and institutional theories support this thesis. The sample comprises of hand-collected and manually-coded data from 170 Australian Securities Exchange (ASX) listed firms with 85 of these firms listed on the NGER register; the other 85 firms are control firms chosen using matched-pair design. Content analysis is used to capture the changes in voluntary carbon emission disclosures while logistic regression analysis is used to investigate the determinants that contribute to these disclosures. Ordinary least squares regression results using the number of words and the number of sentences on voluntary carbon emission disclosures are generally consistent with the logistic regression results.
This thesis finds voluntary carbon emission disclosures increased over the period 2005 through to 2011. However, heavy emitting firms that later listed on the NGER-registered voluntarily disclosed less carbon emission information during 2005 and 2006 than firms not required to register. Though, by 2008 registered firms’ propensity to voluntary disclose carbon emissions increased at a greater rate than other firms. In addition, it is found sustainability reports convey carbon emission data more than annual reports; however can be raised about the timeliness of information in such reports are not produced annually, if they are produced at all.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Griffith Business School
Griffith Business School
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Ngum, Anna Abety [Verfasser], Roswitha [Akademischer Betreuer] Nischt, Hammerschmidt [Akademischer Betreuer] Matthias, and Siegfried [Akademischer Betreuer] Roth. "Role of host-derived ADAM-9 in tumor invasion and metastasis of malignant melanoma / Ngum Anna Abety. Gutachter: Roswitha Nischt ; Hammerschmidt Matthias ; Siegfried Roth." Köln : Universitäts- und Stadtbibliothek Köln, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1038485681/34.
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Brunst, Phillip W. "Anonymität im Internet - rechtliche und tatsächliche Rahmenbedingu ngen : Zum Spannungsfeld zwischen einemen Recht auf Anonymität bei der elektronischen Kommunikation und den Möglichkeiten zur Identifizierung und Strafverfolgung /." Berlin : Duncker & Humblot, 2009. http://opac.nebis.ch/cgi-bin/showAbstract.pl?u20=9783861138549.
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Brännström, Ola, and Adam Ådin. ""...ännu en papperstiger?" : - en kvalitativ studie om inställning och förberedelser till Svensk kod för bolagsstyrning hos bolag noterade på NGM Equity och Stockholmsbörsens Small Cap-lista." Thesis, Umeå University, Umeå School of Business, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-1555.
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Bakgrund:
Den 1 juli 2005 implementerade Stockholmsbörsen Svensk kod för
bolagsstyrning för alla börsbolag på den dåvarande A-listan och för alla bolag på den dåvarande O-listan med ett marknadsvärde som överstiger 3 miljarder kronor. Tanken med att större börsnoterade bolag blev först att implementera Svensk kod för bolagsstyrning var att dessa företag skulle utveckla system och rutiner för ett implementerande av koden och att sedan efter några år bredda tillämpningen av koden till börsens alla bolag. I skrivande stund
pågår ett arbete med att revidera den nuvarande svenska koden för bolagsstyrning. Tanken är att en ny version skall presenteras under våren 2008 och implementeras vid halvårskiftet 2008. Kraven på svensk bolagsstyrning kommer då att förändras. Svensk kod för bolagsstyrning kommer att gå från att endast omfatta de största börsnoterade bolagen till att börja omfatta alla börsnoterade bolag på Stockholmsbörsen samt NGM Equity.
Syfte: Huvudsyftet med uppsatsen är att granska företagsledares inställning till införandet av Svensk kod för bolagsstyrning för alla börsnoterade bolag, samt bredda kunskapsfältet om hur de tillfrågades företag förbereder sig inför implementeringen av koden.
Begränsning: Vi har i uppsatsen valt att begränsa oss till bolag på Stockholmsbörsens Small Cap-lista och NGM Equity.
Tillvägagångssätt: I denna studie har en kvalitativ metod används. Via telefon genomfördes sex intervjuer med personer tillhörande företag på Stockholmsbörsens Small Cap-lista och NGM Equity. Våra respondenter arbetar alla inom sina företag med införandet av Svensk kod för bolagsstyrning.
Resultat: Vår studie visade att respondenterna överlag är positivt inställda till Svensk kod förbolagsstyrning och anser att koden leder till ett ökat ansvar för styrelsen och att förtroendet för kapitalmarknaden ökar. Negativt med koden anses av respondenterna vara att koden ökardet administrativa arbetet, ger en ökning av kostnader samt att dess detaljrikedom är för hög och att den således ej passar väl för mindre bolag. Respondenterna anger att aktieägarna är den intressentgrupp som erhåller störst nytta av att företag följer koden, vilket leder till att agentteorin kan anses vara den dominerande teorin bakom bolagsstyrning. Respondenterna har och kommer i sitt arbete med införandet av koden att skapa interna arbetsgrupper, utbilda styrelsen, anlita extern hjälp i form av jurist samt få extern hjälp från företagens revisorer. Styrelsen ses enligt majoriteten av våra respondenter som en part arbetsgrupperna för diskussioner med, men som ej är genomgående delaktiga i företagens implementeringsarbete. Endast en tredjedel av våra tillfrågade respondenter har haft hjälp av större företags tidigare införande av koden år 2005. Ytterligare en tredjedel av de tillfrågade tror att denna hjälp kommer att fås genom revisorerna. Att företags kommande införande av koden ska bli billigare tack vare större företags tidigare implementering blir ej, enligt denna studie, upp till företagen själva, utan möjligheten till kostnadseffektivisering läggs delvis i händerna på företagens revisorer.
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Romero-González, Tanya. "El enigma de Medem: Espacio, género y desdoblamiento en Vacas." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1259193836.
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Fleischer, Muriel Myriam. "Patrick S??skind's Die Taube und Die Geschichte von Herrn Sommer - innere Zw??nge, Selbstabgrenzung und Objektivierung als Konstituenten von Au??enseiteridentit??ten." Thesis, University of Waterloo, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/756.
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The following thesis examines S??skind?s novella Die Taube (1987) and his short-story Die Geschichte von Herrn Sommer (1991) with respect to the literary identities of the outsiders Jonathan Noel and Herr Sommer. The theoretical framework is based on the deep hermeneutic analysis of Alfred Lorenzer?s literary-psychoanalytic theory (1986) which affords one the opportunity of analyzing the personality and concept of life of the literary figures by examining their interactional patterns and relationship to society.
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Carpes, Luthiana Frick. "Avalia??o da mobilidade de prega vocal antes e depois de cirurgia cardiotor?cica em crian?as." Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2010. http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/1343.
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Previous issue date: 2010-03-15Objetivo: Determinar a incid?ncia de imobilidade de prega vocal (IPV) ap?s cirurgia cardiotor?cica e estabelecer os fatores associadas a esse desfecho. M?todos: Laringoscopia flex?vel para acessar o movimento das pregas vocais foi realizada antes da cirurgia e novamente dentro de 72 horas ap?s a extuba??o em 100 pacientes pedi?tricos submetidos a procedimentos cardiotor?cicos. Os dois cirurgi?es documentaram a t?nica cir?rgica e sua impress?o de poss?vel les?o do nervo laringeo recorrente (NLR). Presen?a de sintomas lar?ngeos ap?s a extuba??o foi documentada. Resultados: Das 100 crian?as inclu?das nesse estudo, 8 apresentavam IPV ap?s a cirurgia. Crian?as sem IPV apresentavam idade mais avan?ada (p=0.023) e eram mais pesadas (p=0.016). Crian?as submetidas a ligadura do ducto arterioso apresentaram risco 9.5 vezes maior de IPV (p=0.0009). O uso do caut?rio se mostrou associado ? IPV (p=0.039). A chance de IPV foi aumentada em oito vezes (p=0.01) e 8.1 vezes (p=0.033) em pacientes que apresentavam estridor e rouquid?o, respectivamente. Choro fraco tamb?m foi significativamente associado ? IPV (p<0.0001). Sempre que o cirurgi?o apresentava impress?o que o NLR havia sido lesionado a chance de IPV era aumentada em 11.4 vezes (p=0.03). Conclus?es: Crian?as menores e de idade menos avan?ada que foram submetidas a ligadura do ducto arterioso apresentaram risco maior de IPV ap?s a cirurgia. O uso do caut?rio foi associado a este desfecho e deve ser evitado sempre que poss?vel. Laringoscopia flex?vel p?s operat?ria ? indicada especialmente se houver impress?o do cirurgi?o de les?o do NLR ou na presen?a de sintomas lar?ngeos.
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Graça, Vitor Manuel Miranda dos Santos Góis. "A distribuição dos serviços na União Europeia." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/4446.
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Mestrado em Economia Internacional e Estudos EuropeusA importância que a economia atribui à vertente geográfica nos modelos económicos é frequentemente diminuta ou inexistente e menor ainda na análise do sector terciário, muitas vezes preterido a favor do sector industrial. O presente trabalho visa contribuir para um maior enfoque no sector terciário enquanto factor preponderante da localização económica. Para o efeito, analisa-se a evolução da localização do sector terciário na União Europeia, entre 2000 e 2007, recorrendo aos indicadores de Gini, de Herfindahl e de Krugman e alcançando-se 2 importantes conclusões. No período em análise, assiste-se a uma ligeira dispersão do sector terciário e constata-se que existem fluxos de actividade económica a actuar, não simplesmente entre o centro Europeu e a sua periferia, mas também entre os países no centro da Europa e entre os países na periferia Europeia.
The importance that Economics gives to the geographic dimension in economic models is frequently small or inexistent and even more negligent in the analysis of the tertiary sector which is more often than not, pretered in favour of the industrial sector. This work intends to give the tertiary sector a higher degree of visibility as a vital factor in economic localization. As such, we study the evolution of the localization of the tertiary sector in the European Union, between 2000 and 2007, using the indexes of Gini, of Herfindahl and of Krugman. In the period under analysis, a slight dispersion of the tertiary sector is found and we notice that flows of economic activity exist not only between the centre of Europe and its periphery but also between the countries at the core of Europe as well as between the countries in its periphery.
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Karpov, Boris, and Johan Klevenstedt. "Nyintroduktioner på svenska handelsplatser : Har nyintroduktioner genererat högre avkastning än NASDAQ OMXSPI?" Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för ekonomisk och industriell utveckling, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-72870.
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Denna studie har genomförts i syfte att undersöka huruvida nyintroduktioner generar en överavkastning i förhållande till OMXSPI på svenska handelsplatser under en börsuppgång och en börsnedgång för olika tidsintervall och branscher. Studien har undersökt nyintroduktioner genomförda under tidsperioden Q1 2004 till Q2 2009. Syftet har för avsikt att utmynna i huruvida nyintroduktioner vid svenska handelsplatser är effektiva och om investerare kunnat utnyttja eventuella ineffektiviteter som investeringsstrategier. Undersökningen är en eventstudie baserad på en kvantitativ metod där korrigerade historiska aktiekurser har inhämtats och beräkningar har genomförts med hjälp av två metoder, den genomsnittliga abnormala avkastningen och den genomsnittliga abnormala avkastningen för en buy-and-hold strategi, för att säkerställa en hög validitet i studien. Slutsatsen påvisar att investerare som investerat i nyintroduktioner på AktieTorget under börsuppgången hade kunnat utnyttja den något lägre grad av effektivitet utifrån en buy-andhold strategi på tre månader och erhållit en genomsnittlig signifikant överavkastning gentemot OMXSPI på 32,6 procent. En investerare som valt att investerare i nyintroduktioner utifrån en buy-and-hold period på tre månader på Alternativa Aktiemarknaden under börsnedgången hade i genomsnitt erhållit en signifikant överavkastning på 11,8 procent. För den investeraren som inte tagit hänsyn till när introduktionen genomförts och investerat i nyintroduktioner på AktieTorget utifrån en buy-and-hold period på en månad hade i genomsnitt erhållit en signifikant överavkastning på 18,2 procent.
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Sousa, Camila Alves de. "Modelos de aglomera????o da nova geografia econ??mica (uma an??lise em painel para os estados brasileiros)." Universidade Cat??lica de Bras??lia, 2015. https://bdtd.ucb.br:8443/jspui/handle/tede/2077.
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The text sought to explore and apply the models of agglomeration of the New Economic Geography for the Brazilian states. The relevant question is how the effects of agglomeration can affect economies. For this, were derived clustering models to verify the socalled: Price Index Effect Effect Market Place and Lack of Black Hole for the period 1994 to 2007. The estimates were made using the econometric analysis of panel data with fixed effects for the twenty-seven states. The results were as expected for the price index effect, statistically significant, proving the agglomeration proposition, and a drop in prices caused by increased competition and also the lowest cost of transport in the regions. For the local market index, the results showed that the market where the sector is higher there will be greater demand for employment. It was also possible to state that for the Brazilian economy there is not empirical evidences of the black hole condition.
O texto busca explorar e aplicar os modelos de aglomera????o da Nova Geografia Econ??mica para os estados brasileiros. A quest??o relevante ?? como os efeitos da aglomera????o podem afetar as economias. Para isso, foram derivados modelos de aglomera????o para verificar os chamados: Efeito ??ndice de Pre??os, Efeito Mercado Local e Inexist??ncia de Buraco Negro para o per??odo de 1994 a 2007. As estimativas foram realizadas com a utiliza????o da an??lise econom??trica de dados em painel com efeitos fixos para os vinte e sete estados da federa????o. Os resultados encontrados foram os esperados para o efeito ??ndice de pre??os, estatisticamente significantes, comprovando a proposi????o de aglomera????o e uma queda nos pre??os causada pela maior concorr??ncia e tamb??m o menor custo de transporte nas regi??es. Para o ??ndice mercado local, os resultados apontaram que no mercado onde o setor ?? maior haver?? uma demanda maior por emprego. Foi tamb??m poss??vel constar que para a economia brasileira n??o h?? evidencias emp??ricas sobre a exist??ncia da condi????o de buraco negro.
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Salcher, Fernanda Gava. "Terapia imunol?gica oral em rec?m-nascidos prematuros : an?lise dos resultados da implanta??o de um protocolo assistencial." Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2018. http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/8120.
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Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES
INTRODUCTION: Colostrum therapy, also called oral immunological therapy, is the administration of colostrum via the oropharyngeal route to preterm infants and can be started within the first six hours of life. Small doses of colostrum are administered to the oral mucosa and upper respiratory tract of the infant, which may exert a protective effect on the mucosal membrane. In addition, immunoglobulin A, colostrum cytokines, antioxidant agents and all anti-infective agents may interact with lymphoid cells within the oropharynx, stimulating the infant's immune function. Recently, studies have reported the importance of colostrum administered by the oropharyngeal route, especially for extremely low birth weight preterm infants, with nutritional and immune defense effects already demonstrated. The more premature the baby, the more it will benefit from early exposure to colostrum. OBJECTIVE: To estimate the success rate after implantation of a colostrum administration protocol in low birth weight preterm infants at the Hospital Sa?de, in Caxias do Sul, RS. METHODOLOGY: The study took place between March and July 2017, after the ethical approval of the project. The participants were 41 mother / baby pairs whose mothers, after signing the free and informed consent, made attempts to exhaust the breast to provide colostrum to their children. Preterm infants between 24 and 32 weeks of age who had an indication of colostrum therapy prescribed by the physician were included, and attempts were made to exhaust the breast before six hours of the newborn's life. Two data collection instruments created by the researcher were used, one with information about mothers and newborns and the other for the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit nursing team to respond. After the observation of the attempt to obtain the colostrum, the questions of the collection instrument were considered, as if the puerpera managed to exhaust 0.2 mL of colostrum or not, or if the breast was exhausted before six hours. Through the charts of each baby, the data on administration were collected. It was observed if there was a decrease in oxygen saturation and / or an increase in respiratory and cardiac frequencies at the time of administration of colostrum. The success of colostrum therapy was considered to be the administration of at least one dose of colostrum within the first 72 hours of life, and the success rate was reported as a percentage of the cases that were successful among all included. RESULTS: Among the 41 premature infants included in the protocol, 19 (46.3%) received at least one dose of colostrum within the first 72 hours of life and 22 (53.7%) did not receive colostrum. There was an association between being able to deplete the breast earlier and the baby to be able to receive colostrum, regardless of when it was received. All 22 cases of colostrum failure were due to failure to obtain colostrum within 72 hours postpartum. There was no association between whether or not colostrum could be collected and maternal age or gestational age. There were no adverse events, such as alterations in the respiratory and cardiac frequencies or decrease in oxygen saturation, in the 19 infants who received oropharyngeal colostrum. Regarding the perception of the professional care team about colostrum therapy, more than half reported being partially knowledgeable about the practice and only one felt totally knowledgeable. However, most of the care team (83.4%) reported being satisfied, very satisfied or totally satisfied with the implementation of the colostrum protocol. CONCLUSIONS: In general, this study demonstrated difficulties in the implantation of the protocol of colostrum therapy to premature infants at Hospital Sa?de in Caxias do Sul. The obstacles to the success of a protocol of colostrum therapy were revealed, which mainly resided in the fact that the puerperae had difficulty in exhausting the breast in the first few days after preterm birth, and as a consequence, most newborns were unable to receive maternal colostrum within the first three days of life. In successful cases, the mother's satisfaction with the fact that the child received her colostrum was rewarding. There was a insufficient deepening in the training of the professional care team. These results brought important data that can be used in the execution of a new protocol, in the same unit as well as in other units with the same characteristics. Additional studies should be performed to reveal ways to achieve better success in the application of colostrum therapy protocol, supplanting the difficulties of early breast exhaustion, and can thus benefit from the administration of oropharyngeal colostrum to premature infants.
INTRODU??O: A colostroterapia, tamb?m chamada de terapia imunol?gica oral, ? a administra??o do colostro por via orofar?ngea para rec?m-nascidos prematuros e pode ser iniciada nas primeiras seis horas de vida. S?o administradas pequenas doses de colostro na mucosa oral e trato respirat?rio superior do rec?m-nascido, o que poder? exercer efeito protetor sobre a membrana da mucosa. Al?m disso a imunoglobulina A, as citocinas colostrais, os agentes antioxidantes e todos os agentes anti-infecciosos podem interagir com c?lulas linfoides dentro da orofaringe, estimulando a fun??o imunol?gica do beb?. Recentemente estudos relatam a import?ncia do colostro administrado pela via orofar?ngea, principalmente para o prematuro de extremo baixo peso, com efeitos nutricionais e de defesa imunol?gica j? demonstrados. Quanto mais prematuro o beb?, mais ele se beneficiar? da exposi??o precoce ao colostro. OBJETIVO: Estimar o ?ndice de sucesso ap?s a implanta??o de um protocolo de administra??o de colostro em rec?m-nascidos prematuros de baixo peso, no Hospital Sa?de, em Caxias do Sul/RS. METODOLOGIA: O estudo ocorreu entre mar?o e julho de 2017, ap?s a aprova??o ?tica do projeto. Os participantes foram 41 pares m?e/beb? cujas m?es, ap?s assinatura do consentimento livre e esclarecido, fizeram tentativas de esgotar a mama para prover colostro aos seus filhos. Foram inclu?dos prematuros entre 24 e 32 semanas que tinham indica??o de colostroterapia, prescrita pelo m?dico, sendo iniciadas as tentativas de esgota da mama antes das seis horas de vida do rec?m-nascido. Utilizaram-se dois instrumentos de coleta de dados criados pela pesquisadora, um com informa??es sobre as m?es e sobre os rec?m-nascidos e o outro para a equipe de enfermagem da Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal responder. Ap?s a observa??o da tentativa de se esgotar ou n?o o colostro, foram contempladas as quest?es do instrumento de coleta, como se a pu?rpera conseguiu esgotar 0,2 mL de leite ou n?o, ou se conseguiu esgotar a mama antes das seis horas. Atrav?s do prontu?rio de cada beb?, foram coletados os dados sobre a administra??o. Observou-se se houve queda de satura??o de oxig?nio e/ou aumento das frequ?ncias respirat?ria e card?aca na hora da administra??o da colostroterapia. Considerou-se como sucesso da colostroterapia a administra??o de pelo menos uma dose de colostro dentro das primeiras 72 horas de vida, sendo o ?ndice de sucesso referido como porcentagem dos casos que obtiveram sucesso entre todos os inclu?dos. RESULTADOS: Entre os 41 prematuros inclu?dos no protocolo, 19 (46,3%) receberam pelo menos uma dose de colostro dentro das primeiras 72 horas de vida e 22 (53,7%) n?o receberam a colostroterapia. Houve associa??o entre conseguir esgotar a mama mais precocemente e o beb? conseguir receber a colostroterapia, independentemente do momento em que a recebeu. Todos os 22 casos de insucesso da colostroterapia se deveram ? n?o obten??o de colostro dentro das 72 horas p?s-parto. N?o houve associa??o entre o fato de conseguir ou n?o coletar o colostro e a idade materna, ou a idade gestacional. N?o houve nenhum evento adverso, como altera??o nas frequ?ncias respirat?ria e card?aca ou diminui??o da satura??o de oxig?nio, nos 19 RN que receberam colostro por via orofar?ngea. Em rela??o ? percep??o da equipe assistencial quanto ? colostroterapia, mais da metade referiu ser conhecedor parcial da pr?tica e apenas um sentia-se totalmente conhecedor. Entretanto, a maior parte da equipe assistencial (83,4%) referiu estar satisfeita, muito satisfeita ou totalmente satisfeita com a implanta??o do protocolo da colostroterapia. CONCLUS?ES: Em geral, este estudo demonstrou dificuldades na implanta??o do protocolo de colostroterapia a prematuros no Hospital Sa?de de Caxias do Sul. Foram revelados os empecilhos para o sucesso de um protocolo de colostroterapia, os quais residiram principalmente no fato de que as pu?rperas tiveram dificuldade em esgotar a mama nos primeiros dias ap?s o parto prematuro e, como consequ?ncia, a maioria dos rec?m-nascidos n?o conseguiu receber o colostro materno dentro dos primeiros tr?s dias de vida. Nos casos de sucesso, a satisfa??o da m?e pelo fato do filho receber o seu colostro foi compensadora. Faltou maior aprofundamento no treinamento da equipe assistencial. Os resultados trouxeram dados importantes que podem ser aproveitados na execu??o de um novo protocolo, na mesma unidade, assim como em outras unidades com as mesmas caracter?sticas. Estudos adicionais devem ser realizados para revelar formas de obter melhor sucesso na aplica??o do protocolo de colostroterapia, suplantando as dificuldades da esgota precoce da mama, podendo assim auferir os benef?cios da administra??o de colostro por via orofar?ngea aos prematuros.
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Ramos, Vitor Hugo da Costa. "Negociações de ganhos mútuos: um estudo de caso na empresa pública delta." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/4233.
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Negotiation is the most efficient tool to achieve something you want, it occurs when there are conflicts and alternatives to be selected that can involve the whole company. The various alternatives have common and conflicting interests, expressing the complexity of relationships. With the increasing demand for agility in responding to the new profiles to search, organizations need to be more versatile in the process and faster to react to market changes, and the Negotiation of Mutual Gains (NMG) are a current driving value-creation. This dissertation aims to propose the use of tools of the theory of the NMG for the managers as a tool supporter of public purchases purchasers of products and services at IT to achieve the expected results. For this, we performed a search of a descriptive and exploratory using qualitative approach. To achieve this objective, theoretical studies were made of themes: Organizational Flexibility, Management of Public Procurement, Information Systems, Strategic Alignment and theory of negotiation in order to get a better understanding of the research. It was not drawn up a structured questionnaire, the research instrument used in this study. Applied the questionnaire directly to participants, it was obtained a participation of 10 respondents, all of participating in public bidding processes Delta. Once performed the data collection, the responses were analyzed using a form of the technique of content analysis, called pattern-matching in order to compare the results with the theoretical framework used in the study. As a result of the study, it was identified using the distributive approach in bidding processes.
A negociação é a ferramenta mais eficiente de conseguir algo que se deseja, ela ocorre quando existem conflitos e alternativas a serem selecionadas que podem envolver toda a empresa. As diversas alternativas apresentam interesses comuns e conflitantes, expressando a complexidade das relações. Com a crescente demanda por agilidade na resposta aos novos perfis de procura, as organizações precisam ser mais versáteis nos processos e mais rápidas para reagir às mudanças do mercado, e as Negociações de Ganhos Mútuos (NGM) são uma forma atual de condução de criação de valor. Esta dissertação tem como objetivo propor a utilização das ferramentas da teoria de NGM como instrumento apoiador aos gestores de compras públicas adquirentes de produtos e serviços de TI a atingir os resultados esperados. Para isso, foi realizada uma pesquisa de natureza descritiva-exploratória por meio de abordagem qualitativa. Para atingir este objetivo, foram feitos estudos teóricos das temáticas: Flexibilidade Organizacional, Gestão de Compras Públicas, Sistemas de Informação, Alinhamento Estratégico e Teoria da Negociação, de forma a se obter um melhor entendimento da pesquisa. Foi elaborado um questionário não estruturado, sendo este o instrumento de pesquisa que foi utilizado neste estudo. Aplicado o questionário diretamente aos participantes, obteve-se uma participação de 10 respondentes, sendo todos participantes dos processos licitatórios na empresa pública Delta. Uma vez efetuada a coleta de dados, foram analisadas as respostas utilizando uma modalidade da técnica de análise de conteúdo, chamada pattern-matching, com o propósito de comparar os resultados com o referencial teórico utilizado no estudo. Como resultado do estudo, identificou-se a utilização da abordagem distributiva nos processos licitatórios.
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Waxin, Viktor, and Oliver Forslund. "Succé eller fiasko? : - Hur påverkas bolagsavkastning av byte mellan Sveriges MTF-marknadsplatser." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Avdelningen för ekonomivetenskap och juridik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-30966.
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Det finns ett flertal tidigare studier som undersöker listbyten och dess effekt på ett bolags aktieavkastning. Merparten av dessa studier är dock baserade på den amerikanska aktiemarknaden. De svenska studierna som har genomförts undersöker effekten av listbyte från alternativa marknadsplatser (MTF) till huvudmarknaden (reglerad marknad). Det har framkommit att det finns ett kunskapsgap vad gäller hur aktieavkastning reagerar på marknadsplatsbyten på Sveriges MTF-er. Genom att endast fokusera på MTFmarknadsplatserna,AktieTorget, First North och Nordic MTF i Sverige och effekten av bytenmellan dessa marknadsplatser blir denna studie ett komplement till den tidigare forskningen inom området. I studien undersöks 39 svenska bolag som mellan åren 2007-2016 valt att byta marknadsplats. OMXPI är det jämförelseindex som använts för att jämföra bolagens avkastning med marknaden. Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka om det finns ett värdeför såväl bolagen som dess aktieägare att byta marknadsplats mellan AktieTorget, Nordic MTF och First North, istället för att stanna kvar på den ursprungliga listan. Detta syfte uppnås genom att studien undersöker bolagens aktieavkastning i samband med flytt till likvärdig, alternativ, marknadsplats för att ta reda på om bytet av marknadsplats skapar en negativ avkastning hos bolagen. Denna studie utförs i form av en kvantitativ eventstudie där marknadsplatsbytet utgör eventet. Studiens avsikt är inte att analysera de enskilda bolagen utan att istället ge en samlad bild av effekten på den aktiekursutveckling listbytet medför. Resultatet av studien visar att en negativ ackumulerad onormal avkastning (CAR) förekommer efter att marknadsplatsbytet genomförts. Vid beräkning av parametrarna imarknadsmodellen finner studien att den genomsnittliga ackumulerade onormala avkastningen (CAAR) för samtliga bolag är hela -47,88 %, 12 månader efter att marknadsplatsbytet genomförts.There are several previous studies that examine switches between marketplaces and how these changes impact companies share performance. The most foregoing research made on the subject share performance is based on the US stock market. Swedish studies made to the subject examine the share performance when companies move from one of the SwedishMultilateral Trading Facilities (MTF) to main market. The authors of this paper have noted that there is a gap of knowledge regarding share performance when companies move between the Multilateral Trading Facilities. By only examining the Swedish Multilateral Trading Facilities, AktieTorget, First North and Nordic MTF, and how moving between the lists affects the share performance, this study is an addition to the previous research in the field.This study examines 39 Swedish companies, which have changed list between 2007-2016. OMXSPI is the benchmark used in this study to compare the companies return with the market return. The purpose of this study is to examine if there is a value for both the companies and its shareholders to exchange marketplaces between the Swedish Multilateral Trading Facilities, AktieTorget, First North and Nordic MTF. This purpose is achieved byexamine the company’s stock price development before and after the change of market place and identify if the change creates a negative share performance. This study is conducted in the form of a quantitative event study where the marketplace change represents the event. The purpose is not to analyze the individual companies but to provide a comprehensive picture ofthe effect the marketplace changes have on the stock price development. The result of the study indicates that a negative accumulated abnormal return (CAR) occurs after the marketplace change. When calculating the parameters in the market model the study finds that the average accumulated abnormal return (CAAR) for all companies is a total of -47,88 % twelve months after the marketplace change.
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Hsu, Yu-kun, and 徐宇琨. "Forecasting Typhoon Moving Path by Grey Forecasting Models, GM and NGBM." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/49357243907703130111.
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碩士義守大學
工業工程與管理學系碩士班
97
The prediction science is getting more mature today and various forecasting models are established. These models respectively have each characteristic,and suited forecasting data. At least four data are requested that we can build model and make forecast. According this advantage, the rising grey forecasting model which is applied extensively to various science fields. Both of traditional grey forecasting model GM(1,1) and grey forecasting model NGBM have great forecasting precision. We use these two models to make analysis by invaded typhoon cases. To study why the unusual raw data will bring overshooting forecasting values. And we will try to fix this overshooting. Therefore, we provide the results and recommend NGBM to follow-up related grey studies. According to the results, we could get some conclusions: 1.There is no overshooting on NGBM. However, we have to increase build up data to banish overshooting if we use GM(1,1). 2.If no unusual raw data, both of GM(1,1) and NGM will provide ideal forecasting values. And their average residual are lower than CWB provided. 3.Thus, we can realize GM(1,1) can not provide overall and timeliness forecasting, but NGBM has better and comprehensive capability and benefit.
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Lane, Yeh Yue, and 葉郁蘭. "The study of knowledge and management in organizational cha- nge." Thesis, 1994. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/72345234093770214815.
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Leou, Rong_Tsong, and 柳溶聰. "A Study On The Kinetics Of Dilute Chromic Acid Removal By Anion nge." Thesis, 1995. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/87675864657425197985.
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Czarnetzki, Alan C. "A comparison of the LFM and NGM forecasts for a developing lee cyclone." 1986. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/15504919.html.
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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1986.Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 122-128).
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Pheto, Rakgomo. "Perspectives of tragedy in black South African drama : an analysis of selected plays by Zakes Mda, Mbongeni Ngema and Maishe Maponya / Rakgomo Pheto." Thesis, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/16301.
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This dissertation focuses on the nature and manifestation of tragedy within African experience in selected plays written by black South African playwrights. The plays under discussion are We Shall Sing for the Fatherland (1973) by Zakes Mda, The Hungry Earth (1978) by Maishe Maponya, and Sarafina (1985) by Mbongeni Ngema. The many conflicting statements regarding the "death" and existence of tragedy in contemporary drama lead one to ask the following two fundamental questions: Can there be tragedy in contemporary South African drama and what structural devices are there to account for the manifestation of this elusive phenomenon? This dissertation works towards defining the concept of an African vision of tragedy by examining the nature and form in which tragedy manifests itself in South African drama. Secondly, it considers the extent to which this phenomenon is similar or different from conventional elements and structural forms of Western tragic drama. This dissertation argues that there exists a distinct and viable vision of tragedy in black South African drama which can be called African. It contends that dramatic texts do not all have the same degree of profundity of tragic vision because their subject matter, techniques and depth of artistic exploration differ, and vary according to their cultural roots. The basis on which old forms of tragedy are used to interpret the version of contemporary tragedy is therefore called into question, and as a result, the analysis of structural forms and thematic preoccupations of contemporary tragedy needs a set of criteria different from that of Euro-American drama. The portrayal of a tragic hero as a common man whose tragic stature is measured in terms of his ability to feel, to be aware of forces closing down on him in The Hungry Earth, the manifestation of tragedy as generated not only by individual volition, but by an economic structure established by those in power in We Shall Sing for the Fatherland, and, finally, the mingling of tragicomic elements of entertainment and communication to accommodate both tragedy and comic elements without destroying the integrity of either in Sarafina, indicate a definite development and imitation of tragedy from emphasis on form to meaning. By asking a question like: "What constitutes tragedy in black South African drama, and how are such processes represented and modelled in the selected plays?" this dissertation enters into a dialogue of global and local perspectives of tragedy in order to contribute to our understanding of an African, and specifically South African, concept of tragedy firmly rooted in its socio-cultural context.Thesis (M.A. (English))--Potchefstroom University for Christian Higher Education, 2003.
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Monteiro, Bruno Rafael Carvalho. "Caracterização de uma amostra de emigrantes ucranianos residentes em Portugal com recurso ao Kit NGM Select." Master's thesis, 2017. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/110597.
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Monteiro, Bruno Rafael Carvalho. "Caracterização de uma amostra de emigrantes ucranianos residentes em Portugal com recurso ao Kit NGM Select." Dissertação, 2017. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/110597.
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Chi-yen, wu, and 吳季燕. "The Study of Treatise Discriminating the Interpretable and the Definitive —- based on Tsong kha pa’s《Drang Nges Legs bShad sNying Po》." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/25589680200944052064.
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碩士輔仁大學
宗教學系
98
The history of Buddhism originated from India to Tibet. During its development, it has developed into different factions which have their individual systems and Sūtra. However, the Tibetans attached importance to the differences of religious doctrine and non-religious doctrine, they considered the difference will incur the wrong path of attaining Buddhahood, and greatly influenced the way of practicing the rules of Buddhism.
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Ngom, Roland [Verfasser]. "Spatial and statistical prediction of urban malaria in Yaoundé : a social and environmental modelling approach for health promotion / von Roland Ngom." 2010. http://d-nb.info/1010473131/34.
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