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1
BRUSCO, SIMONE. "Mutant heteromeric nicotinic receptors in brain development and sleep-related epilepsy." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/153196.
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Il termine epilessia notturna del lobo frontale (NFLE) descrive un ampio gruppo di epilessie parziali presentanti origine eterogenea. Gli attacchi originano a livello del lobo frontale, solitamente durante la fase 2 del sonno, e sono caratterizzati da complessi cluster ipercinetici stereotipati. Circa il 12% dei soggetti affetti dalla forma autosomica dominante di questa patologia (ADNFLE) presentano mutazioni nei geni codificanti le subunità dei recettori nicotinici neuronali (nAChRs) eteromerici. Oltre a promuovere direttamente l’eccitabilità neuronale in un network neuronale maturo, nAChRs mutanti possono contribuire alla patogenesi di questo disturbo durante lo sviluppo del SNC, influenzando il rimodellamento sinaptico. Un’alterata trasmissione colinergica potrebbe perciò condurre ad uno sbilancio tra input eccitatori ed inibitori a livello della corteccia prefrontale (PFC) facilitando così l’insorgenza di accessi epilettici. Abbiamo preso in considerazione gli effetti di una mutazione della subunità β2 associata a un fenotipo ADNFLE (β2-V287L) in fasi precoci dello sviluppo cerebrale. L’espressione della mutazione durante le prime due settimane di vita postnatale risulta necessaria per l’instaurarsi del fenotipo epilettico. Sfruttando un modello murino condizionale abbiamo analizzato come nAChRs mutanti contribuiscano a alterare il bilancio tra eccitazione ed inibizione nel cervello. Abbiamo dapprima analizzato come la mutazione β2-V287L influenzi lo sviluppo del sistema GABAergico. Registrazioni di patch-clamp evidenziano che la mutazione non influenza lo switch eccitatorio/inibitorio della trasmissione GABAergica (il quale presenta un ruolo chiave nel remodelling sinaptico), né influenza l’espressione dei recettori GABAA. Abbiamo quindi considerato il contributo della mutazione a carico del sistema glutamatergico. I risultati evidenziano che i nAChRs eteromerici iniziano ad esercitare il loro effetto verso la fine della prima settimana di vita postnatale in topo. Non sono state osservate correnti somatiche nicotiniche in questo stadio né in fasi più avanzate in neuroni piramidali: tale dato suggerisce che i nAChRs eteromerici sono siti principalmente a livello presinaptico, dove la loro attivazione promuove il rilascio di neurotrasmettitore. L’analisi dei mutanti mutazione mette in luce una più alta frequenza delle EPSCs sia in condizioni di controllo che in seguito a somministrazione di nicotina, rispetto al gruppo di controllo. L’analisi della distribuzione delle ampiezze delle EPSC mette in luce un incremento delle stesse tra P7-9 e P10-12 più pronunciato nei topi transgenici. Il nostro lavoro ha inoltre messo in luce come anche mutazioni loss-of-function possono condurre ad un fenotipo NFLE: abbiamo considerato l’effetto patogenico di una mutazione a carico della subunità α2 (Ile297Phe) identificato in una coorte di pazienti affetti da ADNFLE e NFLE. nAChRs ipofunzionali potrebbero limitare la capacità degli interneuroni inibitori di contenere la propagazione degli accessi epilettici, favorendo perciò l’insorgenza degli attacchi. Risulta quindi chiaro che mutazioni in geni codificanti per nAChRs eteromerici possono contribuire ad un fenotipo epilettico a diversi livelli, promuovendo l’eccitabilità in una rete neuronale adulta (che è ancora suscettibile al rimodellamento) o influenzando lo sviluppo di una rete neuronale funzionale, o entrambi. L’ADNFLE risulta perciò non classificabile semplicemente come una canalopatia, ma come un disturbo più complesso dello sviluppo. Il nostro obiettivo è comprendere meglio il ruolo dei nAChRs nello sviluppo del SNC ed il loro contributo nella nella epileptogenesi, oltre che il loro ruolo nella corteccia prefrontale matura. Speriamo così di identificare una finestra temporale precoce per approntare una terapia farmacologica che impedisca l’insorgenza della ADNFLE.<br>The nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy (NFLE) comprises a large group of partial epilepsies with heterogeneous origin. Approximately 12% of the families affected by the autosomal dominant form of NFLE (ADNFLE) carry mutations on genes coding for subunits of the heteromeric neuronal nicotinic receptors (nAChRs). Attacks arise in the frontal lobe, usually during stage 2 of sleep, and are characterized by clusters of complex and stereotyped hyperkinetic seizures.This is consistent with the widespread expression of nAChRs, and particularly α4β2, in the mammalian brain.Besides directly promoting hyperexcitability in mature networks through cell depolarization and/or altered neurotransmitter release, mutant nAChRs could determine the pathogenetic process during early developmental phases, by affecting synaptic remodeling. Cholinergic signaling has been recently found to affect the development of both GABAergic and glutamatergic systems. . Aberrant cholinergic transmission can lead to an unbalance between excitatory and inhibitory transmission in prefrontal cortex (PFC), therefore facilitating the epileptic fits.We investigated the effect of β2-V287L, a mutant nAChR subunit linked to ADNFLE, in early developmental stages, during which its expression is crucial for the epileptic phenotype to manifest. By using a murine strain which conditionally expresses β2-V287L, we analyzed how the mutant nAChR modifies the balance between excitation and inhibition in the adult brain, leading to the formation of a neuronal network susceptible to seizures. We first considered how β2-V287L (a gain-of-function mutation) affects the development of GABAergic system. By patch-clamp recordings, we observed that mutant nAChRs did not interphere with the GABAergic excitatory/inhibitory transition during early developmental stages (which is known to play a role in synaptic remodelling) nor influenced GABAA receptors’ expression.We then considered the contribute of the mutation to the development of glutamatergic signaling. Our findings revealed that heteromeric nAChRs start to exert their effect on glutamatergic transmission at the end of the first postnatal week in mice. No somatic nicotinic currents have been detected at this as well as at later developmental stages in pyramidal neurons, suggesting that heteromeric nAChRs are mainly located at synaptic level where they stimulate neurotransmitter release. Analysis of transgenic mice highlighted an increase in EPSC frequency both in control condition and following nicotine exposure, compared to control littermates. Cumulative distribution of the EPSC amplitudes showed a larger increase in EPSC amplitude between P7-9 and P10-12 in transgenic mice compared to controls.In our work we also showed how loss of function mutations can lead to a NFLE-like phenotype: in particular, we considered the pathogenic effect of an α2 subunit mutation (Ile297Phe) identified in a cohort including ADNFLE and NFLE patients. A hypofunctional nAChR could hinder the ability of inhibitory interneurons to contain seizure propagation, therefore contributing to seizures.It appears clear that mutations in genes coding for heteromeric nAChRs can contribute to an epileptic phenotype at different levels, promoting excitability in adult neuronal networks (which are still susceptible to remodelling), or affecting the development of a functional cortical circuitry, or both. ADNFLE appears therefore not only to be a channelopaty but a more complex developmental disease.Our aim is to shed new light on the nAChR contribution to brain development and its role in the establishment of an epileptic phenotype, besides its direct effect on excitability in mature prefrontal networks. In this way, we should be able to identify a temporal window for early pharmacological treatment during the pathogenetic process in order to prevent the establishment of ADNFLE
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Puligheddu, Monica Maria Francesca <1969>. "Rationale for an adjunctive therapy with fenofibrate in pharmacoresistant nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy (NFLE)." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2015. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/7057/1/M_Puligheddu_TESI_Dottorato.pdf.
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Nocturnal Frontal Lobe Epilepsy (NFLE) is characterized by onset during infancy or childhood with persistence in adulthood, family history of similar nocturnal episodes simulating non-REM parasomnias (sleep terrors or sleepwalking), general absence of morphological substrates, often by normal interictal electroencephalographical recordings (EEGs) during wakefulness. A family history of epilepsy may be present with Mendelian autosomal dominant inheritance has been described in some families. Recent studies indicate the involvement of neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) in the molecular mechanisms of NFLE. Mutations in the genes encoding for the α4 (CHRNA4) and ß2 (CHRNB2) subunits of the nAChR induce changes in the biophysical properties of nAChR, resulting generally in a “gain of function”. Preclinical studies report that activation of a nuclear receptor called type peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR-α) by endogenous molecules or by medications (e.g. fenofibrate) reduces the activity of the nAChR and, therefore, may decrease the frequency of seizures. Thus, we hypothesize that negative modulation of nAChRs might represent a therapeutic strategy to be explored for pharmacological treatment of this form of epilepsy, which only partially responds to conventional antiepileptic drugs. In fact, carbamazepine, the current medication for NFLE, abolishes the seizures only in one third of the patients.
The aim of the project is:
1)_to verify the clinical efficacy of adjunctive therapy with fenofibrate in pharmacoresistant NFLE and ADNFLE patients; focousing on the analysis of the polysomnographic action of the PPAR- agonist (fenofibrate).
2)_to demonstrate the subtended mechanism of efficacy by means of electrophysiological and behavioral experiments in an animal model of the disease: particularly, transgenic mice carrying the mutation in the nAChR 4 subunit (Chrna4S252F) homologous to that found in the humans. Given that a PPAR-α agonist, FENOFIBRATE, already clinically utilized for lipid metabolism disorders, provides a promising therapeutic avenue in the treatment of NFLE\ADNFLE.
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Puligheddu, Monica Maria Francesca <1969>. "Rationale for an adjunctive therapy with fenofibrate in pharmacoresistant nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy (NFLE)." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2015. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/7057/.
Full textAbstract:
Nocturnal Frontal Lobe Epilepsy (NFLE) is characterized by onset during infancy or childhood with persistence in adulthood, family history of similar nocturnal episodes simulating non-REM parasomnias (sleep terrors or sleepwalking), general absence of morphological substrates, often by normal interictal electroencephalographical recordings (EEGs) during wakefulness. A family history of epilepsy may be present with Mendelian autosomal dominant inheritance has been described in some families. Recent studies indicate the involvement of neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) in the molecular mechanisms of NFLE. Mutations in the genes encoding for the α4 (CHRNA4) and ß2 (CHRNB2) subunits of the nAChR induce changes in the biophysical properties of nAChR, resulting generally in a “gain of function”. Preclinical studies report that activation of a nuclear receptor called type peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR-α) by endogenous molecules or by medications (e.g. fenofibrate) reduces the activity of the nAChR and, therefore, may decrease the frequency of seizures. Thus, we hypothesize that negative modulation of nAChRs might represent a therapeutic strategy to be explored for pharmacological treatment of this form of epilepsy, which only partially responds to conventional antiepileptic drugs. In fact, carbamazepine, the current medication for NFLE, abolishes the seizures only in one third of the patients.
The aim of the project is:
1)_to verify the clinical efficacy of adjunctive therapy with fenofibrate in pharmacoresistant NFLE and ADNFLE patients; focousing on the analysis of the polysomnographic action of the PPAR- agonist (fenofibrate).
2)_to demonstrate the subtended mechanism of efficacy by means of electrophysiological and behavioral experiments in an animal model of the disease: particularly, transgenic mice carrying the mutation in the nAChR 4 subunit (Chrna4S252F) homologous to that found in the humans. Given that a PPAR-α agonist, FENOFIBRATE, already clinically utilized for lipid metabolism disorders, provides a promising therapeutic avenue in the treatment of NFLE\ADNFLE.
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Rossi, Magi Lorenzo. "Graph-based analysis of brain resting-state fMRI data in nocturnal frontal lobe epileptic patients." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2015. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/8332/.
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Il lavoro che ho sviluppato presso l'unità di RM funzionale del Policlinico S.Orsola-Malpighi, DIBINEM, è incentrato sull'analisi dati di resting state - functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (rs-fMRI) mediante l'utilizzo della graph theory, con lo scopo di valutare eventuali differenze in termini di connettività cerebrale funzionale tra un campione di pazienti affetti da Nocturnal Frontal Lobe Epilepsy (NFLE) ed uno di controlli sani.
L'epilessia frontale notturna è una peculiare forma di epilessia caratterizzata da crisi che si verificano quasi esclusivamente durante il sonno notturno. Queste sono contraddistinte da comportamenti motori, prevalentemente distonici, spesso complessi, e talora a semiologia bizzarra.
L'fMRI è una metodica di neuroimaging avanzata che permette di misurare indirettamente l'attività neuronale. Tutti i soggetti sono stati studiati in condizioni di resting-state, ossia di veglia rilassata.
In particolare mi sono occupato di analizzare i dati fMRI con un approccio innovativo in campo clinico-neurologico, rappresentato dalla graph theory. I grafi sono definiti come strutture matematiche costituite da nodi e links, che trovano applicazione in molti campi di studio per la modellizzazione di strutture di diverso tipo.
La costruzione di un grafo cerebrale per ogni partecipante allo studio ha rappresentato la parte centrale di questo lavoro. L'obiettivo è stato quello di definire le connessioni funzionali tra le diverse aree del cervello mediante l'utilizzo di un network. Il processo di modellizzazione ha permesso di valutare i grafi neurali mediante il calcolo di parametri topologici che ne caratterizzano struttura ed organizzazione.
Le misure calcolate in questa analisi preliminare non hanno evidenziato differenze nelle proprietà globali tra i grafi dei pazienti e quelli dei controlli. Alterazioni locali sono state invece riscontrate nei pazienti, rispetto ai controlli, in aree della sostanza grigia profonda, del sistema limbico e delle regioni frontali, le quali rientrano tra quelle ipotizzate essere coinvolte nella fisiopatologia di questa peculiare forma di epilessia.
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Blees, Chris. "Running Backs in the NFL Draft and NFL Combine: Can Performance be Predicted?" Scholarship @ Claremont, 2011. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/127.
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Berri and Simmons (2009) investigate the relationship between the NFL Combine and the NFL Draft. They find that a quarterback’s performance in the Combine can have a significant impact on that player’s draft position. However, they find that no known aspect of a quarterback before they are drafted is an indicator of success in the NFL. I examine if these relationships exist for the Running Back position. I find similar results to Berri and Simmons: that performance in the Combine does have an effect on that player’s draft position, but that no aspect of a running back’s pre-draft characteristics can be seen as a sign of future NFL success.
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Gallagher, Michael. "A Better Predictor of NFL Success: Collegiate Performance or the NFL Draft Combine?" Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3570.
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NFL teams spend massive sums to ensure they are prepared for the future, but how should they determine whom that future includes? This study set out to find what predicts NFL success more accurately – collegiate in-game performance or the NFL Draft Combine. In the sample of 2007-2012 first-round picks, 191 athletes were measured in three NFL Draft Combine drills, two physical components, and a varying amount of ingame collegiate and NFL performance statistical categories, dependent on position. Secondarily, this work examined Power 5 and non-Power 5 players to determine if attending a more prolific program was predictive of NFL success. Findings included that 40-yard dash and vertical jump are predictive of offensive linemen and cornerback NFL success, that in-game collegiate statistics are most indicative of NFL success amongst defensive players, and that Power 5 prospects are no more prepared for NFL success than those coming from non-Power 5 schools.
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Pedersen, Ryan. "Life Planning for NFL Players." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2011. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/173.
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With players in the National Football League (NFL) making what seems to be the most money out of any entry-level position, it might come as a shock to many people to hear that so many players end up in financial distress afterwards. Sports Illustrated has put this number at 78% of players filing for bankruptcy or are in serious financial trouble within only two years of leaving the league (Torre).
The problems that the players run into are their short careers, which average 3 ½ years, their poor financial decisions and their very optimistic approach to life. The 3 ½ years means that they should approach their employment as more of a lottery winning than a long term career. With so much income, the players might want to take out large mortgages and could be in trouble. They would believe that they would be the exception and not the rule for this because they are constantly succeeding as well. The players should set up a budget to fix this. They should defer the maximum amount of compensation possible and invest most of the rest. The athletes should have enough still to have a comfortable few years in the NFL. The football players should also be smart and get a college degree while they can for free.
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Whittle, Scott. "The NFL true fan problem." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/17630.
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Master of Science<br>Department of Industrial and Manufacturing Systems Engineering<br>Todd Easton<br>Throughout an NFL season, 512 games are played in 17 weeks. For a given fan that follows one team, only 16 of those games usually matter, and the rest of the games carry little significance. The goal of this research is to provide substantial reasons for fans to watch other games.
This research finds the easiest path to a division championship for each team. This easiest path requires winning the least number of games. Due to NFL’s complicated tiebreaker rules, games not involving the fan’s team can have major implications for that team. The research calls these games critical because if the wrong team wins, then the fan’s team must win additional games to become the division champion.
To identify both the easiest path and the critical games, integer programming is used. Given the amount of two-team, three-team, and four-team division tie scenarios that can occur, 31 separate integer programs are solved for each team to identify the easiest path to the division championship. A new algorithm, Shortest Path of Remaining Teams (SPORT) is used to iteratively search through every game of the upcoming week to determine critical games.
These integer programs and the SPORT algorithm were used with the data from the previous 2 NFL seasons. Throughout these 2 seasons, it was found that the earliest a team was eliminated from the possibility of winning a division championship was week 12, and occurred in 2012 and 2013. Also, throughout these 2 seasons, there was an average of 65 critical games per season, with more critical games occurring in the 2013-2014 season. Additionally, the 2012 season was used to compare flexed scheduled games with the critical games for those weeks and it was found that the NFL missed three weeks of potentially scheduling a critical game.
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Davis, Donald E. Jr. "The Journey Through No-Man's Land: A Phenomenological Study of NFL Free-Agent Players' Transition Experience from Active NFL Player to Retired NFL Player." Thesis, The George Washington University, 2021. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=28151639.
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The transition from professional sport marks the beginning of what has been found to be a difficult and stressful experience (Park, Lavallee, & Todd, 2013). Exiting a career serves as a major life change that requires one to adjust to numerous changes (Erpic, Wylleman, & Zupancic, 2004). Research has highlighted a number of personal and contextual factors that affect the quality of the transition experience (Knights, Sherry, & Ruddock-Hudson, 2016; Park et al., 2013); however, no studies to date have examined players who are in the midst of the transition. This qualitative, phenomenological study was undertaken to address the research question: What is the lived experience of NFL free-agent players as they transition from an active NFL player to a retired NFL player? In-depth interviews completed with 12 NFL free-agent players found a three-phase process of transitioning, consisting of the initial reaction, “no-man’s land,” and the final realization. Six themes emerged that described the players’ experience: (1) participants identified a trigger event prior to deselection; (2) being deselected was sudden, leaving participants shocked, isolated, and angry; (3) the subsequent period was dynamic, emotionally, cognitively, and behaviorally; (4) players reached a point of realization about their future; (5) the loss of the NFL community was a significant challenge; and (6) four protective factors helped participants. The study offers recommendations related to theory, practice, and future research.
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Lee, Justin. "Evaluating NFL Player Performance and Draft Efficiency: Where is the Best Value in the NFL Draft?" Scholarship @ Claremont, 2018. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1740.
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This paper uses empirical analysis to value of each section of the NFL Draft relative to the others in order to establish which NFL draft picks are undervalued. We crafted a new performance metric that uses the size of a given draftee’s second contract relative to his peers to evaluate his performance over the course of his previous contract. Using two OLS regressions, we predict the level of performance, given by our metric score, for each section of the draft. We then use the residuals from these regressions to investigate which sections of the draft are undervalued. The results show that mid-3rd round picks and late 5th round picks are the best value per dollar in the draft.
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Brown, Andrew D. "DRAFTING INTO MANHOOD: BLACK NFL DRAFT PROSPECTS' CONCEPTIONS OF MANHOOD AND IDEAS OF PLAYING IN THE NFL." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2015. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/311055.
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African American Studies<br>Ph.D.<br>This dissertation examines how manhood is conceptualized by Black National Football League (NFL) prospects and explores how their characterizations of manhood are associated with their desire to become NFL players. This mixed-method study uses data collected by interviewing and surveying fifteen Black NFL draft prospects who were or would be eligible for the NFL draft between 2005-2016. The data are supplemented with existing literature and analyzed using the "Utamaduni Bwana" table of African cultural manhood in order to (1) culturally locate participants' conceptions of manhood, (2) identify the African elements within their conceptions of manhood, and (3) highlight the agency within their responses. In essence, this dissertation explores the significance of the NFL draft and the influence of colonization on Black NFL prospects' conceptions of manhood. This study found that Black NFL prospects' desire to reach the NFL is heavily associated with their attempt to reach manhood. The characteristics most commonly found in the participants' conceptions of manhood are strength, independence, and financial success; and their perceptions of NFL players contain hyper-expressions of these same characteristics. In addition, Black NFL prospects' conceptualization of manhood contain both African cultural elements and, as a result of colonization, hegemonic Western cultural elements. This dissertation makes an important contribution to sporting and gender literature by using an Afrocentric methodology to push beyond the normative investigation of Black-male athletes' identity and sporting goals. This study offers new and culturally appropriate questions regarding race, gender, and sports.<br>Temple University--Theses
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Corris, Alexander Grosholz. "Secure Mobile Deployment of NFL Training Materials." Thesis, Nova Southeastern University, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3642884.
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<p> The problem addressed is the lack of empirical research describing the delivery of individualized learning material in a secure and mobile manner. The goal was to investigate the effectiveness of deploying training materials to National Football League (NFL) players during a recent NFL season. </p><p> Over the past few seasons, NFL teams have started to deliver player training material to mobile devices. The training material is sensitive and includes planning documents for upcoming games. An effort was made to survey a representative at each of the 32 NFL teams in order to gain insight on effectiveness, security, and process. Nearly half of the league responded with 14 of the 32 franchises reporting back. </p><p> The results demonstrate that mobile devices can be an effective means to distribute educational materials to individuals in secure manner. The iPad was identified as a suitable platform for delivery of instructional material. Security elements such as encryption and using mobile security products should be strongly considered. The results are discussed in detail. A set of standards and guidelines were created based on the responses provided by club employees. </p>
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Dhanoa, Pawandeep. "Analys av NFL drafting och faktorers inverkan." Thesis, KTH, Matematik (Inst.), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-155191.
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American football is a well-known sport in America. In addition to the design and rules of the game and the surface it is played on, there are also other differences that are not directly visible. One difference noted in this study is how the teams in the game provide players. Each team has a board of directors together with the team's leadership and they will determine which players are most suitable for the team. These players are recruited to the team after graduating from a U.S. college. This makes it possible to recruit new and young players to the squad. If the team wants other types of new players, there is also an opportunity to replace one or more players. This is seen as a trading, where players are replaced with other players between the two teams. These two opportunities to recruit new players to the team are called drafting, which is a process of recruiting players. This study focuses on the recruitment of players from college. In America, it is a system used to recruit both new and old players to their respective teams in the National Football League, NFL. This study evaluates and analyzes the factors based on how each team in the NFL recruits players from the U.S. college league (NCAA). The factors analyzed were for instance each individual player’s performance during the college league, such as age, passing touchdowns and tackles. By using logistic analysis, these factors could then be determined by analyzing the odds and its change for each player's performance based on their positions in the team. This study shows that in every way a positional player performs during the college league, there will be important factors that contribute to recruitment to the NFL.<br>Amerikansk fotboll är en välkänd sport i Amerika. Förutom utformningen och reglerna av spelet och underlaget det spelas på, finns även en andra skillnader som inte är direkt synliga. En skillnad som påpekas i denna studie är hur lagen inom sporten skaffar an sig spelare. Varje lag har en styrelse som tillsammans med lagets ledarstab avgör vilka spelare som är mest passande för laget. Dessa spelare rekryteras till laget efter att ha tagit examen från ett amerikanskt college. Det gör de möjligt till att värva in nya och unga spelare till truppen. Om laget vill ha andra typer av nya spelare finns det även en möjlighet att byta ut någon eller några spelare. Detta ses som ett handelssystem, där spelare byts ut mot andra spelare lagen emellan. Dessa två möjligheter till att värva nya spelare till laget kallas för drafting, vilket är en process för att rekrytera spelare. Den här studien fokuserar på rekrytering av spelare från college. I Amerika är det ett system som används till att värva både nya och gamla spelare till respektive lag inom National Football League, NFL. Denna studie utvärderar och analyser de faktorer som grundar sig till hur varje lag inom NFL, rekryterar spelare från den amerikanska college ligan (NCAA). Faktorerna som analyserades var varje individuell spelares prestationer under college ligan. Med hjälp av logistisk analys kunde dessa faktorer sedan bestämmas. Detta gjordes genom att analysera oddset och dess förändring för varje spelares prestationer. Denna studie kom fram till att på varje sätt en positions spelare presterar under college ligan, så finns det viktiga faktorer som bidrar till att dessa spelare rekryteras till NFL.
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Corris, Alexander R. "Secure Mobile Deployment of NFL Training Materials." NSUWorks, 2014. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/gscis_etd/12.
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The problem addressed is the lack of empirical research describing the delivery of individualized learning material in a secure and mobile manner. The goal was to investigate the effectiveness of deploying training materials to National Football League (NFL) players during a recent NFL season. Over the past few seasons, NFL teams have started to deliver player training material to mobile devices. The training material is sensitive and includes planning documents for upcoming games. An effort was made to survey a representative at each of the 32 NFL teams in order to gain insight on effectiveness, security, and process. Nearly half of the league responded with 14 of the 32 franchises reporting back. The results demonstrate that mobile devices can be an effective means to distribute educational materials to individuals in secure manner. The iPad was identified as a suitable platform for delivery of instructional material. Security elements such as encryption and using mobile security products should be strongly considered. The results are discussed in detail. A set of standards and guidelines were created based on the responses provided by club employees.
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Pyle, Benjamin D. "The Law and Economics of Monopsony in the NFL: An Analysis of the NFL Rookie Draft and Countervailing Force." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2013. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/612.
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This paper explores the monopsonistic implications of restricting bargaining power through the rookie draft and the concept of countervailing forces. It examines both the legal framework and the empirical outcomes of the court’s policy choices. This paper accomplishes this inquiry by exploiting the fact that players drafted late in the last round tend to be similar to players selected as undrafted free agents in expectation. This allows a natural experiment on the impact of the draft. In order to measure the impact of the draft, this paper examines career outcomes both in terms of compensation and length. I ultimately find little evidence that the draft creates monopsony power, and I provide some evidence suggesting that monopsony power impacts all rookies, as one would expect from an insider-outsider model.
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Gober, Jon M. "A Points Per Game Rating For NFL Quarterbacks." The Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1242922731.
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Durkin, Bailey. "THE IMPORTANCE OF THE NFL COMBINE IN DETERMINING DRAFT POSITION AND FUTURE PERFORMANCE." OpenSIUC, 2020. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/2726.
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Every year the National Football League (NFL) holds a draft where teams that have the worst records in the previous season are given the first opportunity to acquire the most talented players from colleges all over the nation, in a reverse-order pick system. The team’s ability to correctly identify and select players from this pool is essential in determining the effectiveness of the draft. The goal then of the draft would be to increase the competitiveness of the league and increase the chances that a team with a bad record the previous year will have a better one in the following season. The NFL Combine is an event held before the draft where prospective athletes showcase their skills in a few areas to increase their chances of being drafted. Most players drafted are offered a four-year contract where they can choose to sign again with the same team or another after the contract is up. This paper uses data from the players’ collegiate performances and performance in the NFL Scouting Combine to determine what affects a NFL team executive in their decision making process on draft order.
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DiFilippo, Michael D. "Early Season Inefficiencies in the NFL Sports Betting Market." Ohio University Honors Tutorial College / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ouhonors1340067110.
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Patty, Cole Eric. "The Financial Futures of the NFL, NBA, and MLB." University of Toledo Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=uthonors1418304397.
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Friedlander, Andrew. "The 2011 NFL Collective Bargaining Agreement: Intentions vs. Incentives." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2019. https://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/2099.
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This thesis examines the impacts of four major negotiating elements in the 2011 NFL Collective Bargaining Agreement. This first entails considering the financial impacts of the Collective Bargaining Agreement through adjustments to the salary cap and changes in the rookie pay scale in conjunction with the increase of the veteran minimum salary. Veteran players sought to improve their earnings potential through the creation of the rookie pay scale and increases in the veteran minimum salary, but research has shown that these policies may not have actually accomplished the goal. Next, I inspect the changes in preseason training rules, which were intended to keep players safer and fresher during the offseason. This also may not have had the anticipated result, since the incidences of players with conditioning related injuries has increased since the implementation of the new rules. Finally, the impact of increased punitive powers for Commissioner Goodell on the NFL presents one of the most interesting debates for the upcoming negotiations. While players strongly dislike Goodell’s level of influence over league discipline, they must be willing to sacrifice something significant in the next round of negotiations to initiate change. After careful consideration, it is evident that the players were the worst off from the 2011 Collective Bargaining negotiations because they were unable to accurately anticipate the impacts of their new policies.
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McGinty, Michael M. "Healthy retirement in former NFL players| The role of narcissism." Thesis, Alliant International University, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3702684.
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<p> How a professional football player will adjust to retirement can be difficult to predict. Personality traits could play a role in retirement satisfaction and narcissistic personality traits, which can assist an individual during his playing career, may in fact hinder his ability to adjust to life after football. Using the Narcissistic Personality Inventory and the Retirement Satisfaction Inventory, this study aimed to identify features of narcissism that may correlate with satisfaction and dissatisfaction in retirement among former NFL players. </p><p> Results from this study found significant positive correlations between both authoritativeness and satisfaction with life in retirement, and self-sufficiency and satisfaction with life in retirement. Results also indicated a significant negative relationship between narcissism and total playing years accrued in the NFL, suggesting that those who sustained longer playing careers before retirement had lower levels of narcissism. Lastly, results from this study showed higher satisfaction with retirement the longer an individual had been away from the league, suggesting the retirement process, which has been chronicled as challenging during the first few years, may likely become more manageable as time goes on.</p>
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Spinosa, Charles L. "Testing the Efficiency of the NFL Point Spread Betting Market." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2014. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/986.
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This paper examines the efficiency of pricing in the NFL point spread betting market, as hypothesized by the Efficient Market Hypothesis, through both statistical and economic tests. This market provides a simpler framework to test such economic hypotheses than conventional financial markets. Using a larger sample size than past literature, this paper finds that while the market is efficient in the aggregate sense, there are still some profit opportunities which imply pricing inefficiencies.
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Cordova, Hugo. "The NFL| The cultural stage for a shifting American landscape." Thesis, University of Colorado at Boulder, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1600512.
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<p> The National Football League is more than just the most popular sports league in America. Dominant American discourses that surround American patriotism and popular culture have a parallel in the NFL. This parallel is due to the fact that football is a game uniquely rooted and structured like war. Additionally, many products of the American neo-liberal era are flourishing on the NFL stage. These products include: corporatism, commercialization, consumer culture, and aggressive competition. The violent nature of the game invites notions of militarism and war that fit seamlessly with the game’s identity. Militarism, being a symbol that protects the nation, fits perfectly with an American civil religion that is largely devoted to Reagan’s ideal redemptive America. The NFL, through active and skillful branding, has meshed its identity with foundational aspects of American identity. Now the NFL has to navigate through the popular and traditional logics that are ingrained in American society while maintaining their business.</p>
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Wheeler, Nicholas. "Do High School Football Recruit Ratings Accurately Predict NFL Success?" Scholarship @ Claremont, 2018. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1846.
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This paper explores the correlation between the recruit ratings of football players coming out of high school and their future levels of success in the NFL. Specifically, I look at a player’s star rating, numerical rating, and overall rank within his high school graduating class, according to 247Sports’s Composite Rating system, as the key variables for a player’s recruit rating. I measure NFL success by a player’s position in the NFL draft specific to both round and overall pick, average games played per season over his NFL career, highest annual cash earnings during his NFL career, and average Approximate Value per season in the NFL. Results indicate a significant relationship between recruit ratings and NFL success only when considering NFL draft selection as the measure for success. Broadly, recruit ratings don’t appear to correlate with success in the NFL.
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Goyal, Udgam. "Leveraging machine learning to predict playcalling tendencies in the NFL." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/129909.
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Thesis: M. Eng., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, February, 2020<br>Cataloged from student-submitted PDF of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 57-58).<br>In this thesis, we apply four machine learning models to NFL play-by-play data from 2009-2018 to predict whether a team will run or pass the ball on a given play. We tested our models using league-wide and team-specific data in five different situations on the field. Our best league-wide models achieved a test accuracy of 80% and our best team-specific models achieved a test accuracy of 86%. Relative to the baseline of the run-to-pass ratio, the best league-wide models achieved an increase in accuracy of 25% and the best team-specific models achieved an increase of 27%. Our models showed that the Tennessee Titans, the New York Jets, and the Cincinnati Bengals have been the most predictable offenses in the NFL over 10 years. We found that a team's in-game run-to-pass ratio and their win and score probabilities are the driving factors for offensive play-calling. Additionally, our results show that teams are more predictable later in games, and that less predictable teams tend to experience greater success offensively.<br>by Udgam Goyal.<br>M. Eng.<br>M.Eng. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
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Zimmer, Zachary. "Predicting NFL Games Using a Seasonal Dynamic Logistic Regression Model." VCU Scholars Compass, 2006. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd_retro/97.
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The article offers a dynamic approach for predicting the outcomes of NFL games using the NFL games from 2002-2005. A logistic regression model is used to predict the probability that one team defeats another. The parameters of this model are the strengths of the teams and a home field advantage factor. Since it assumed that a team's strength is time dependent, the strength parameters were assigned a seasonal time series process. The best model was selected using all the data from 2002 through the first seven weeks of 2005. The last weeks of 2005 were used for prediction estimates.
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Tremblay, Ross D. "NFL Ticket Demand: The Movement of Prices in the Secondary Market." Thesis, Boston College, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/2612.
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Thesis advisor: Christopher Maxwell<br>Historically underpriced, tickets for shows and sports games are frequently purchased just for the intent of resale at a higher value. This action has helped facilitate the creation of a large online secondary market for event tickets. Trying to capture the excess demand left by primary sellers, online ticket brokers often drastically inflate prices from face value. Using data from Ace Ticket from the second half of the 2011 NFL season, this thesis examines what factors drive ticket price movement. By splitting the effects into a team strength component and a days until the contest component, this study finds two major factors correlated with changes in ticket prices. The results show that, while playoff chances are the best proxy for team strength, the days until the game element (in particular the last week before a contest) has the most significant effect on prices. Often dropping prices by over 50 percent, ticket brokers scramble to make a sale during the last week. Although individual NFL teams can aggressively price their tickets to capture more revenue immediately from the primary market, this analysis shows that they may not be able to compete with ticket brokers who can adjust prices daily without the fear of alienating fans<br>Thesis (BA) — Boston College, 2012<br>Submitted to: Boston College. College of Arts and Sciences<br>Discipline: College Honors Program<br>Discipline: Economics Honors Program<br>Discipline: Economics
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Matthews, Gregory J. "Improved paired comparison models for NFL point spreads by data transformation." Link to electronic thesis, 2005. http://www.wpi.edu/Pubs/ETD/Available/etd-050505-144934/.
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Oates, Thomas Patrick. "On the block race, gender, and power in the NFL draft /." Diss., University of Iowa, 2004. http://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/114.
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Parsons, John C. W. (John Charles Wilfred) 1976. "Using a newsvendor model for demand planning of NFL replica jerseys." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/28506.
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Thesis (M. Eng. in Logistics)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, 2004.<br>Includes bibliographical references.<br>The thesis addresses the inventory planning process for NFL Replica jerseys. The analysis is conducted from the perspective of the manufacturer's North American distribution center, and how flexibility can be employed to meet customer demands. NFL replica jerseys can be stocked either completed with player name and number, called "dressed" or as "blank" jerseys that can be customized at the distribution center. Player demand can change drastically from year to year. The result is that common practice is to minimize inventory at year-end, and treat each season as a single period. The approach taken utilizes the newsvendor model to determine the optimal stocking levels of replica jerseys given an expected demand forecast. Two modeling approaches were compared, the traditional newsvendor problem and a newsvendor model with risk pooling. The traditional newsvendor problem separated selected players to order as dressed jerseys and remaining demand to order as "blank" jerseys. The second approach, the newsvendor with risk pooling, provides a more flexible inventory plan that satisfies selected player demand using a combination of dressed and blank jerseys. The newsvendor model with risk pooling resulted in the higher expected profits then the traditional newsvendor model, and comparable service levels, but at much lower inventory levels.<br>by John C.W. Parsons.<br>M.Eng.in Logistics
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Pyne, Sean. "Quantifying the Trenches: Machine Learning Applied to NFL Offensive Lineman Valuation." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2017. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1686.
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There are 32 teams in the National Football League all competing to be the best by creating the strongest roster possible. The problem of evaluating talent has created extreme competition between teams in the form of a rookie draft and a fiercely competitive veteran free agent market. The difficulty with player evaluation is due to the noise associated with measuring a particular player’s value. The intent of this paper is to create an algorithm for identifying the inefficiencies in pricing in these player markets. In particular, this paper focuses on the veteran free agent market for offensive linemen in the NFL. NFL offensive linemen are difficult to evaluate empirically because of the significant amount of noise present due to an inability to measure a lineman’s performance directly. The algorithm first uses a machine learning technique, k-means cluster analysis, to generate a comparative set of offensive lineman. Then using that set of comparable offensive linemen, the algorithm flags any lineman that vary significantly in earnings from their peers. It is in this fashion that the algorithm provides relative valuations for particular offensive lineman.
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Meyer, Gretchen A. "Enriching uses and gratifications theory a case study of NFL news /." Click here for download, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1729940471&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=3260&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Mullen, William M. "Stadium Squeeze: The Power and Politics of Housing the NFL in LA." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2012. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/480.
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There are currently two proposals for an NFL stadium in the Los Angeles area. This thesis explains these proposals as a case study of an imbalanced political market in which concentrated gainers have an advantage over diffuse losers. Although there is little evidence that the economic benefits of a stadium will exceed the costs -- and much reason to worry that the costs will be large – developers have nonetheless gained considerable support in the political community. The pattern is a familiar one, but the thesis explains special features of this case: the excitement of professional football, the governmental fragmentation of the metropolitan area, and the relative shortage of local investigative journalism.
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Winsberg, Max. "Player Compensation and Team Performance: Salary Cap Allocation Strategies across the NFL." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2015. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1006.
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The National Football League’s salary cap constrains the available resources each franchise is allotted to spend on player personnel. I examine the effects of executive management’s compensation allocation strategies on team performance from 2006 to 2013. The findings suggest that spending more than the league-average on offensive lineman hurts overall team performance. Spending above the league average on both the offensive line and quarterback positions negatively affects offensive performance as well. This supports previous research stating that taking a superstar-approach to cap distribution negatively affects team performance. Furthermore, I find evidence of increased compensation inequality among players under the Collective Bargaining Agreement of 2011 compared to that of 1993.
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Hogarth, Peter. "The location of meaning in football discourse: Racial ideology in NFL draft magazines." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/27768.
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This study looks at how National Football League Draft Magazines represent players of different racial groups and, in turn, the part these magazines play in maintaining a legacy of racist knowledge. A content analysis is used to qualitatively evaluate how black and white players are described and divided through the use of language and how historically-endowed ideologies are translated and maintained through current professional football discourses. The results reveal that the representations of white and black athletes conform to roles that were derived out of historically racist knowledge and that white superiority shapes the evaluation and representation of athletes in professional football, supporting and essentializing traditional racist notions of black and white males.
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Petric, Joseph E. "Martyrs of Masculinity: Narratives about Health Risks and Head Trauma in the NFL." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1367941203.
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Paramarta, Dienul Haq Ambeg. "Application of Memory-Based Collaborative Filtering to Predict Fantasy Points of NFL Quarterbacks." Thesis, North Dakota State University, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/31686.
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Subjective expert projections have been traditionally used to predict points in fantasy football, while machine prediction applications are limited. Memory-based collaborative filtering has been widely used in recommender system domain to predict ratings and recommend items. In this study, user-based and item-based collaborative filtering were explored and implemented to predict the weekly statistics and fantasy points of NFL quarterbacks. The predictions from three seasons were compared against expert projections. On both weekly statistics and total fantasy points, the implementations could not make significantly better predictions than experts.However, the prediction from the implementation improved the accuracy of other regression models when used as additional feature.
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King, Darren. "Hold-up in the NFL: team specific investment in the National Football League /." Burnaby B.C. : Simon Fraser University, 2006. http://ir.lib.sfu.ca/handle/1892/2713.
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Ward, P. A. "An evaluation of the physical demands of American football training in the NFL." Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 2018. http://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/9042/.
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American football is one of the most popular sports in the United States. However, unlike other football codes, little is known about its physical demands. Aside from a limited amount of research conducted on college players during training and matches, no research exists on players at the elite level, in the National Football League (NFL). Therefore, the primary aim of this thesis was to evaluate the physical demands of training in the NFL. This aim was achieved by establishing a systematic approach to training evaluation using three main phases of study: (1) Evaluation of monitoring strategies in American football; (2) Description of American football training demands with an emphasis on periodization; and, (3) Examination of the consequences of training with an emphasis on injury risk. The first study of this thesis (Chapter 3) showed that three commercially available inertial sensors were able to differentiate between fundamental American football actions (e.g., sprinting, change of direction, and collisions) during movement tasks in a controlled setting and may be useful for quantifying the physical demands of training. During training sessions, Session Rating of Perceived Exertion exhibited a variety of individual responses making sRPE challenging to use when exclusively evaluating the physical demands of training (Chapter 4). Therefore, more objective measures (e.g., GPS and inertial sensors) were evaluated during training (Chapter 5) and indicate that commonly used measures of distance and velocity may not adequately describe the physical demands for some position groups. As such, inertial sensors offer more flexibility to classify a broad range of activities within the sport. A number of inertial sensor metrics are available to the practitioner in commercially used systems. Chapter 6 utilized a principal components analysis to reduce eleven variables to 3 principal components, explaining 79% of the variance within the data. These findings suggest that a small number of variables (e.g., Player Load and IMA) may be adequate when describing the training demands of the sport. Given the reduction in measures to report, Chapter 7 used Player Load and IMA to describe the periodization strategies across a season and within the training week employed by the coaches of one NFL team. Training load was observed to decreases across the season with no clear periodization structure. Conversely, within the weekly micro-cycle, coaches appear to employ some pattern of periodization whereby training load is seen to systematically decrease as the game nears. The final phase of this thesis (Chapter 8) investigated the consequences of American football training by exploring the relationship between training load measures (Player Load, IMA, and Impacts) and non-contact soft tissue injury. Several logistic regression models were compared using Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC). The best model suggested that sessions with greater volume (PLTotal) and intensity (ImpactsHigh) were associated with non-contact soft tissue injury in American football players and may have implications for practitioners when designing training programs within the sport. Collectively, this thesis has the potential to not only offer practitioners within American football a way forward in terms of evaluating training demands but also may be influential to the broader scope of sports science given some of the novel statistical approaches taken to understanding training load monitoring.
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Werner, Mikena. "The 2011 Collective Bargaining Agreement's Effect on Competitive Balance in the National Football League." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2018. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/1143.
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The 1993 Collective Bargaining Agreement changed the way that the National Football League operated with its player contracts. With the introduction of the salary cap and free agency players were given more freedom in where they took their talents while keeping the competitive balance of the league intact. There have been revisions and changes since the 1993 landmark CBA, specifically the 2011 CBA created changes mostly in the way that rookie salary and contract regulations function. This paper looks at whether the policy changes affected the competitive balance of the National Football League. Looking at point differential, competitive fairness, and winning percentage we found that the newest CBA did not create any significant changes in the competitive fairness of the league.
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Pranoto, Yosephin A. "PERCEPTION STUDY OF DIETITIANS, NUTRITION STUDENTS, AND EDUCATORS: POTENTIAL IMPLEMENTATION OF NUTRITION-FOCUSED PHYSICAL EXAMINATION (NFPE) IN INDONESIA." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1555104409578584.
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Jensen, Gregory Q. "In whose best interest sport agents and limited disclosures : An NFL players test case /." [Bloomington, Ind.] : Indiana University, 2009. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3358923.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, Dept. of Kinesiology, School of Health, Physical Education and Recreation, 2009.<br>Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on Feb. 8, 2010). Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 70-05, Section: A, page: 1781. Adviser: Kimberly S. Miloch.
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Anthony, LaLisa. "Reducing Sport-related Injuries: Perspectives from NFL High School Coach of the Year Recipients." ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/5052.
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American football sport-related injuries have negatively affected millions of high school students' quality of life. Although there are studies about types, conditions, and psychological effects of injuries, a gap remained in the literature that involved injury prevention from the head coach's perspective. The purpose of this qualitative phenomenological study was to fill this gap by exploring how head coaches perceive their role and responsibility in reducing sport-related injury occurrences. Sabatier and Weible's advocacy coalition, Diener and Dweck's achievement goal theory, and Fishbein and Ajzen's theory of reasoned action framed this study. The research questions focused on the lived experiences from high school American football head coaches that will advance effective policy to reduce sport-related injuries. Criterion sampling was used to select 12 head coaches who received the NFL High School Coach of the Year award. Semi structured interviews were analyzed and interpreted according to Moustakas' data analysis methods. Key findings revealed there is an absence of national sport health and safety policy and support for high school American football head coaches as principal contributors and advocates for advancing effective policy to reduce sport-related injury occurrences. Recommendations from the research participants include implementation of standard policies by all state athletic associations to adopt minimum coach qualifications, injury and emergency protocols, and the presence of an athletic trainer/medical personnel at all sport activities. The implications for social change target advancing national policy focused on coach training, development, and monitoring processes for all high schools throughout the United States to support making American football safer.
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Smith, Trey. "Going Undrafted: Survival of Undrafted Free Agents and Seventh Round Draft Picks in the NFL." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2018. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1771.
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Over the years there have been a lot of undrafted free agents that have had successful careers in the NFL. The monopsony structure for rookies entering the NFL and the fact that undrafted free agents get to pick what team they play for suggests that there is an advantage in not getting picked in the draft. To explore this possibility, this paper compares the probabilities of remaining in the NFL for undrafted free agents and seventh round draft picks through logit regressions and survival analysis. In doing so, this paper describes the processes the NFL takes in order to find the most elite talent and how they distribute the talent throughout the whole league. The results find that undrafted free agents have a higher probability of exiting at the beginning of a career when compared with seventh round draft picks, but there is evidence that those probabilities start to converge later in careers. Additionally, there is evidence that there are NFL teams and position groups that do better and worse in retaining undrafted free agents, suggesting that there is a way to take advantage in going undrafted.
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Rugg, Adam Ernest. "Ruptures in the field : The NFL as global corporate media organization and American cultural industry." Diss., University of Iowa, 2016. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/3178.
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The National Football League (NFL) stands as one of the most visible and dominant organizations within American popular culture. However, despite being at the pinnacle of its popularity and the precipice of its seemingly last obstacle of international expansion, the last decade has seen the league confronting a series of crises that have destabilized and challenged the previously coherent meanings of the sport put out by the league and broadly recirculated within popular discourses. Propelled by these crises, the previously accepted framing of the league as “America's game” has come under increased scrutiny as media, citizens, and public officials critically reevaluate the role and merits of the league in contemporary American society.
In this project I examine three cases situated in or around these crises: (1) the increased awareness of the medical dangers of playing the game, (2) the emergence of luxury stadiums, and (3) the league's philanthropic efforts. These case are an important heuristic lens for examining contemporary tensions between the NFL, identity, community, and commerce. As the league increasingly positions itself as a global media and sport corporation, it is upsetting and reshaping its historical localisms: the relationships to its fans, the cities that host its teams, and even the country which it calls home. Furthermore, the economic pressures of continual capitalist expansion as guided by neoliberal restructuring—favoring privatization, the primacy of unregulated markets, and ideologies of individual determination—require the incessant commodification of not only the NFL and its players, but also its constructed meanings. In examining these cases, this dissertation establishes and analyzes the often contradictory and contested motivations, aspirations, and meanings of the league in contemporary U.S. society.
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Hillebrandt, Julia [Verfasser]. "Corporate Social Responsibility in Professional Football : An Investigation of UEFA and the NFL / Julia Hillebrandt." Aachen : Shaker, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1072592185/34.
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Donnelly, James P. "NFL Betting Market: Using Adjusted Statistics to Test Market Efficiency and Build a Betting Model." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2013. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/721.
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The use of statistical analysis has been prevalent in the sports gambling industry for years. More recently, we have seen the emergence of "adjusted statistics", a more sophisticated way to examine each play and each result (further explanation below). And while adjusted statistics have become commonplace for professional and recreational bettors alike, little research has been done to justify their use. In this paper the effectiveness of this data is tested on the most heavily wagered sport in the world – the National Football League (NFL). The results are studied with two central questions in mind: Does the market account for the information provided by adjusted statistics? And, can this data be interpreted to create a profitable betting strategy? First, the Efficient Market Hypothesis is introduced and tested using these new variables. Then, a betting model is built and tested.
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Binns, Terrill Rachel Anne. "Inside NFL Marriages: A seven year ethnographic study of love and marriage in professional football." Scholar Commons, 2012. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3978.
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When women marry NFL players and subsequently become NFL wives, they are thrust out of the lives they have known and into a form of secondary socialization among other NFL wives. In this dissertation, I use ethnography and narrative inquiry, the first- person narratives of four NFL wives, interactive interviews with dozens of NFL wives, friendship as method, and my personal autoethnographic experiences to describe the social interactions between NFL wives, the themes of their marriages, and the trajectories of their identity formation and transformation of NFL wives during their time in the league.
I also use autoethnography and writing as a method of inquiry to explore my own story before I was an NFL wife, while I was an NFL wife and after I was no longer an NFL wife, to uncover the processes of change in my own identity and marriage as I navigated both graduate school and the NFL.
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Martinez, Guadalupe Federico. "Giving It the Old College Try: Understanding Degree Commitment among Division I FBS NFL Aspirants." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/228181.
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Building on sociological studies regarding college choice and persistence, this qualitative study investigates the college and post college experiences of 15 current students with NFL aspirations and 13 former students who held NFL aspirations, all from Division I Football Bowl Series (FBS) programs. A phenomenological design is implemented to explore participants' lived experiences, and awareness of their educational and occupational options. Deil-Amen and Tevis' (2010) Circumscribed Agency frames this study and provides a lens for examining the college choice and departure process. The role of the student exerting agency as circumscribed by context, habitus, and self-efficacy is emphasized with self-perceptions being essential in the process of enacting individual behavior and decisions. Perna's (2006) conceptual college choice model is made up of four contextual layers and is used to further explain students' college choice behaviors. Findings are consistent with Bowen and Schulman (2001) in that students' college decisions are driven by their athletic pursuits. This study also addresses persistence for this group of students. Tinto's (1993) theory on departure is used as a platform from which to examine commitment and social integration. Traditionally, degree commitment has been measured as strong or which severely limits our understanding of persistence. Findings reveal degree commitment to be fluid and contingent upon perceived occupational options, health status, and year in college. The majority of current students express commitment to degree attainment as a priority. However, further investigation reveals degree commitment to exist without a specific time frame set by students. This adds a time dimension to our understanding of degree commitment. This study further extends Tinto's concept of commitment with evidence of two competing goal commitments: degree and occupational. Decisions to leave college early for the NFL are driven by participants' self-perception of their athletic abilities despite where they are on the team's talent roster. This decision is further shaped by their college community integration consisting of teammates, coaches, and the NFL. Former students who stopped out of college reveal unanticipated challenges with re-entry into college. However, in contemplating a return to complete their bachelor’s degree, stop outs articulate a renewed sense of energy and degree commitment given a change in their occupational trajectory and situated context.
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Caldwell, Terrence. "An Overview and Comparative Analysis of the Collective Bargaining Agreements in the NBA, NFL, and MLB." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2010. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/62.
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