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Academic literature on the topic 'NFLE'

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Published: 9 March 2023
Last updated: 10 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "NFLE"

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Rathore, Geetanjali, Paul Larsen, Manish Parakh, and Cristina Fernandez. "Choking at Night: A Case of Opercular Nocturnal Frontal Lobe Epilepsy." Case Reports in Pediatrics 2013 (2013): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/606385.

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Frontal lobe seizures have a tendency to occur in sleep and in most cases occur exclusively insleep; these individuals are said to have nocturnal frontal lobe (NFLE). NFLE can be difficult to distinguish clinically from various other sleep disorders, particularly parasomnias, which also present with paroxysmal motor activity in sleep. Interictal and ictal EEG findings are frequently unremarkable or nonspecific in both parasomnias and NFLE making the diagnosis even more difficult. Nocturnal epilepsy should be suspected in patients with paroxysmal events at night characterized by high frequency, repetition, extrapyramidal features, and marked stereotypy of attacks. Here we present a 13-year-old female who was extensively worked up for choking episodes at night. On repeat video EEG she was found to have frontal opercular seizures. Once on Carbamazepine, her seizures completely resolved.
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Halász, Péter. "Are Absence Epilepsy and Nocturnal Frontal Lobe Epilepsy System Epilepsies of the Sleep/Wake System?" Behavioural Neurology 2015 (2015): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/231676.

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System epilepsy is an emerging concept interpreting major nonlesional epilepsies as epileptic dysfunctions of physiological systems. I extend here the concept of reflex epilepsy to epilepsies linked to input dependent physiological systems. Experimental and clinical reseach data were collected to create a coherent explanation of underlying pathomechanism in AE and NFLE. We propose that AE should be interpreted as epilepsy linked to the corticothalamic burst-firing mode of NREM sleep, released by evoked vigilance level oscillations characterized by reactive slow wave response. In the genetic variation of NFLE the ascending cholinergic arousal system plays an essential role being in strong relationship with a gain mutation of the nicotinic acethylcholin receptors, rendering the arousal system hyperexcitable. I try to provide a more unitary interpretation for the variable seizure manifestation integrating them as different degree of pathological arosuals and alarm reactions. As a supporting hypothesis the similarity between arousal parasomnias and FNLE is shown, underpinned by overlaping pathomechanism and shared familiarity, but without epileptic features. Lastly we propose that both AE and NFLE are system epilepsies of the sleep-wake system representing epileptic disorders of the antagonistic sleep/arousal network. This interpretation may throw new light on the pathomechanism of AE and NFLE.
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Alsabahi, Randa. "English Medium Publications: Opening or Closing Doors to Authors with Non-English Language Backgrounds." English Language Teaching 15, no. 10 (September 22, 2022): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/elt.v15n10p18.

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This critical exploratory study aims to examine the role academic brokers play in opening (or not) the gates to non-first-language-English (NFLE) scholars to contribute to the global research conversation. For the study, a qualitative research approach was used to collect data; ten emergent and established researchers were interviewed, all of whom originated from non-Anglophone countries. Four academic brokers were also interviewed to further examine the topic from their viewpoints. The findings revealed that revisions recommended by journal editors and reviewers could perhaps diminish the richness of texts and ultimately affect the voices NFLE authors try to project in their papers. Findings also showed that academic brokers are cognizant of the problems NFLE authors face when writing for publication, especially those pertaining to the quality of their writing and to the ways they respond to reviewers’ suggestions and handle the review process.
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González, Jose S., Guadalupe Dorantes, Alfonso Alba, Martin O. Méndez, Sergio Camacho, Martin Luna-Rivera, Liborio Parrino, Silvia Riccardi, Mario G. Terzano, and Giulia Milioli. "Heart Rate Dynamics and their Relation with the Cyclic Alternating Pattern of Sleep in Normal Subjects and NFLE Patients." Fluctuation and Noise Letters 16, no. 02 (January 24, 2017): 1750012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219477517500122.

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The aim of this work is to study the behavior of the autonomic system through variations in the heart rate (HR) during the Cyclic Alternating Pattern (CAP) which is formed by A-phases. The analysis was carried out in 10 healthy subjects and 10 patients with Nocturnal Front Lobe Epilepsy (NFLE) that underwent one whole night of polysomnographic recordings. In order to assess the relation of A-phases with the cardiovascular system, two time domain features were computed: the amplitude reduction and time delay of the minimum of the R-R intervals with respect to A-phases onset. In addition, the same process was performed over randomly chosen R-R interval segments during the NREM sleep for baseline comparisons. A non-parametric bootstrap procedure was used to test differences of the kurtosis values of two populations. The results suggest that the onset of the A-phases is correlated with a significant increase of the HR that peaks at around 4[Formula: see text]s after the A-phase onset, independently of the A-phase subtype and sleep time for both healthy subjects and NFLE patients. Furthermore, the behavior of the reduction in the R-R intervals during the A-phases was significantly different for NFLE patients with respect to control subjects.
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Halász, Péter, Anna Kelemen, and Anna Szűcs. "Physiopathogenetic Interrelationship between Nocturnal Frontal Lobe Epilepsy and NREM Arousal Parasomnias." Epilepsy Research and Treatment 2012 (May 10, 2012): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/312693.

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Aims. To build up a coherent shared pathophysiology of NFLE and AP and discuss the underlying functional network. Methods. Reviewing relevant published data we point out common features in semiology of events, relations to macro- and microstructural dynamism of NREM sleep, to cholinergic arousal mechanism and genetic aspects. Results. We propose that pathological arousals accompanied by confused behavior with autonomic signs and/or hypermotor automatisms are expressions of the frontal cholinergic arousal function of different degree, during the condition of depressed cognition by frontodorsal functional loss in NREM sleep. This may happen either if the frontal cortical Ach receptors are mutated in ADNFLE (and probably also in genetically not proved nonlesional cases as well), or without epileptic disorder, in AP, assuming gain in receptor functions in both conditions. This hypothesis incorporates the previous “liberation theory” of Tassinari and the “state dissociation hypothesis” of Bassetti and Terzaghi). We propose that NFLE and IGE represent epileptic disorders of the two antagonistic twin systems in the frontal lobe. NFLE is the epileptic facilitation of the ergotropic frontal arousal system whereas absence epilepsy is the epileptic facilitation of burst-firing working mode of the spindle and delta producing frontal thalamocortical throphotropic sleep system. Significance. The proposed physiopathogenesis conceptualize epilepsies in physiologically meaningful networks.
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Pisano, Fabio, Giuliana Sias, Alessandra Fanni, Barbara Cannas, António Dourado, Barbara Pisano, and Cesar A. Teixeira. "Convolutional Neural Network for Seizure Detection of Nocturnal Frontal Lobe Epilepsy." Complexity 2020 (March 31, 2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/4825767.

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The Nocturnal Frontal Lobe Epilepsy (NFLE) is a form of epilepsy in which seizures occur predominantly during sleep. In other forms of epilepsy, the commonly used clinical approach mainly involves manual inspection of encephalography (EEG) signals, a laborious and time-consuming process which often requires the contribution of more than one experienced neurologist. In the last decades, numerous approaches to automate this detection have been proposed and, more recently, machine learning has shown very promising performance. In this paper, an original Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) architecture is proposed to develop patient-specific seizure detection models for three patients affected by NFLE. The performances, in terms of accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity, exceed by several percentage points those in the most recent literature. The capability of the patient-specific models has been also tested to compare the obtained seizure onset times with those provided by the neurologists, with encouraging results. Moreover, the same CNN architecture has been used to develop a cross-patient seizure detection system, resorting to the transfer-learning paradigm. Starting from a patient-specific model, few data from a new patient are enough to customize his model. This contribution aims to alleviate the task of neurologists, who may have a robust indication to corroborate their clinical conclusions.
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De Paolis, Fernando, Giulia Milioli, Andrea Grassi, Silvia Riccardi, Elena Colizzi, Liborio Parrino, and Mario Giovanni Terzano. "ANTIEPILEPTIC THERAPY IN NFLE PATIENTS: EFFECTS ON MACROSTRUCTURAL AND MICROSTRUCTURAL PSG PARAMETERS." Sleep Medicine 12 (September 2011): S8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1389-9457(11)70026-0.

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Chen, Ying-Nong, Cheng-Ta Hsieh, Ming-Gang Wen, Chin-Chuan Han, and Kuo-Chin Fan. "A Dimension Reduction Framework for HSI Classification Using Fuzzy and Kernel NFLE Transformation." Remote Sensing 7, no. 11 (October 29, 2015): 14292–326. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs71114292.

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Terzaghi, Michele, Ivana Sartori, Roberto Mai, Laura Tassi, Stefano Francione, Francesco Cardinale, Laura Castana, et al. "Coupling of minor motor events and epileptiform discharges with arousal fluctuations in NFLE." Epilepsia 49, no. 4 (April 2008): 670–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1528-1167.2007.01419.x.

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Terzaghi, Michele, Ivana Sartori, Riccardo Cremascoli, Valter Rustioni, and Raffaele Manni. "Choking in the Night Due to NFLE Seizures in a Patient with Comorbid OSA." Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine 10, no. 10 (October 15, 2014): 1149–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5664/jcsm.4122.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "NFLE"

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BRUSCO, SIMONE. "Mutant heteromeric nicotinic receptors in brain development and sleep-related epilepsy." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/153196.

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Il termine epilessia notturna del lobo frontale (NFLE) descrive un ampio gruppo di epilessie parziali presentanti origine eterogenea. Gli attacchi originano a livello del lobo frontale, solitamente durante la fase 2 del sonno, e sono caratterizzati da complessi cluster ipercinetici stereotipati. Circa il 12% dei soggetti affetti dalla forma autosomica dominante di questa patologia (ADNFLE) presentano mutazioni nei geni codificanti le subunità dei recettori nicotinici neuronali (nAChRs) eteromerici. Oltre a promuovere direttamente l’eccitabilità neuronale in un network neuronale maturo, nAChRs mutanti possono contribuire alla patogenesi di questo disturbo durante lo sviluppo del SNC, influenzando il rimodellamento sinaptico. Un’alterata trasmissione colinergica potrebbe perciò condurre ad uno sbilancio tra input eccitatori ed inibitori a livello della corteccia prefrontale (PFC) facilitando così l’insorgenza di accessi epilettici. Abbiamo preso in considerazione gli effetti di una mutazione della subunità β2 associata a un fenotipo ADNFLE (β2-V287L) in fasi precoci dello sviluppo cerebrale. L’espressione della mutazione durante le prime due settimane di vita postnatale risulta necessaria per l’instaurarsi del fenotipo epilettico. Sfruttando un modello murino condizionale abbiamo analizzato come nAChRs mutanti contribuiscano a alterare il bilancio tra eccitazione ed inibizione nel cervello. Abbiamo dapprima analizzato come la mutazione β2-V287L influenzi lo sviluppo del sistema GABAergico. Registrazioni di patch-clamp evidenziano che la mutazione non influenza lo switch eccitatorio/inibitorio della trasmissione GABAergica (il quale presenta un ruolo chiave nel remodelling sinaptico), né influenza l’espressione dei recettori GABAA. Abbiamo quindi considerato il contributo della mutazione a carico del sistema glutamatergico. I risultati evidenziano che i nAChRs eteromerici iniziano ad esercitare il loro effetto verso la fine della prima settimana di vita postnatale in topo. Non sono state osservate correnti somatiche nicotiniche in questo stadio né in fasi più avanzate in neuroni piramidali: tale dato suggerisce che i nAChRs eteromerici sono siti principalmente a livello presinaptico, dove la loro attivazione promuove il rilascio di neurotrasmettitore. L’analisi dei mutanti mutazione mette in luce una più alta frequenza delle EPSCs sia in condizioni di controllo che in seguito a somministrazione di nicotina, rispetto al gruppo di controllo. L’analisi della distribuzione delle ampiezze delle EPSC mette in luce un incremento delle stesse tra P7-9 e P10-12 più pronunciato nei topi transgenici. Il nostro lavoro ha inoltre messo in luce come anche mutazioni loss-of-function possono condurre ad un fenotipo NFLE: abbiamo considerato l’effetto patogenico di una mutazione a carico della subunità α2 (Ile297Phe) identificato in una coorte di pazienti affetti da ADNFLE e NFLE. nAChRs ipofunzionali potrebbero limitare la capacità degli interneuroni inibitori di contenere la propagazione degli accessi epilettici, favorendo perciò l’insorgenza degli attacchi. Risulta quindi chiaro che mutazioni in geni codificanti per nAChRs eteromerici possono contribuire ad un fenotipo epilettico a diversi livelli, promuovendo l’eccitabilità in una rete neuronale adulta (che è ancora suscettibile al rimodellamento) o influenzando lo sviluppo di una rete neuronale funzionale, o entrambi. L’ADNFLE risulta perciò non classificabile semplicemente come una canalopatia, ma come un disturbo più complesso dello sviluppo. Il nostro obiettivo è comprendere meglio il ruolo dei nAChRs nello sviluppo del SNC ed il loro contributo nella nella epileptogenesi, oltre che il loro ruolo nella corteccia prefrontale matura. Speriamo così di identificare una finestra temporale precoce per approntare una terapia farmacologica che impedisca l’insorgenza della ADNFLE.
The nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy (NFLE) comprises a large group of partial epilepsies with heterogeneous origin. Approximately 12% of the families affected by the autosomal dominant form of NFLE (ADNFLE) carry mutations on genes coding for subunits of the heteromeric neuronal nicotinic receptors (nAChRs). Attacks arise in the frontal lobe, usually during stage 2 of sleep, and are characterized by clusters of complex and stereotyped hyperkinetic seizures.This is consistent with the widespread expression of nAChRs, and particularly α4β2, in the mammalian brain.Besides directly promoting hyperexcitability in mature networks through cell depolarization and/or altered neurotransmitter release, mutant nAChRs could determine the pathogenetic process during early developmental phases, by affecting synaptic remodeling. Cholinergic signaling has been recently found to affect the development of both GABAergic and glutamatergic systems. . Aberrant cholinergic transmission can lead to an unbalance between excitatory and inhibitory transmission in prefrontal cortex (PFC), therefore facilitating the epileptic fits.We investigated the effect of β2-V287L, a mutant nAChR subunit linked to ADNFLE, in early developmental stages, during which its expression is crucial for the epileptic phenotype to manifest. By using a murine strain which conditionally expresses β2-V287L, we analyzed how the mutant nAChR modifies the balance between excitation and inhibition in the adult brain, leading to the formation of a neuronal network susceptible to seizures. We first considered how β2-V287L (a gain-of-function mutation) affects the development of GABAergic system. By patch-clamp recordings, we observed that mutant nAChRs did not interphere with the GABAergic excitatory/inhibitory transition during early developmental stages (which is known to play a role in synaptic remodelling) nor influenced GABAA receptors’ expression.We then considered the contribute of the mutation to the development of glutamatergic signaling. Our findings revealed that heteromeric nAChRs start to exert their effect on glutamatergic transmission at the end of the first postnatal week in mice. No somatic nicotinic currents have been detected at this as well as at later developmental stages in pyramidal neurons, suggesting that heteromeric nAChRs are mainly located at synaptic level where they stimulate neurotransmitter release. Analysis of transgenic mice highlighted an increase in EPSC frequency both in control condition and following nicotine exposure, compared to control littermates. Cumulative distribution of the EPSC amplitudes showed a larger increase in EPSC amplitude between P7-9 and P10-12 in transgenic mice compared to controls.In our work we also showed how loss of function mutations can lead to a NFLE-like phenotype: in particular, we considered the pathogenic effect of an α2 subunit mutation (Ile297Phe) identified in a cohort including ADNFLE and NFLE patients. A hypofunctional nAChR could hinder the ability of inhibitory interneurons to contain seizure propagation, therefore contributing to seizures.It appears clear that mutations in genes coding for heteromeric nAChRs can contribute to an epileptic phenotype at different levels, promoting excitability in adult neuronal networks (which are still susceptible to remodelling), or affecting the development of a functional cortical circuitry, or both. ADNFLE appears therefore not only to be a channelopaty but a more complex developmental disease.Our aim is to shed new light on the nAChR contribution to brain development and its role in the establishment of an epileptic phenotype, besides its direct effect on excitability in mature prefrontal networks. In this way, we should be able to identify a temporal window for early pharmacological treatment during the pathogenetic process in order to prevent the establishment of ADNFLE
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Puligheddu, Monica Maria Francesca <1969&gt. "Rationale for an adjunctive therapy with fenofibrate in pharmacoresistant nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy (NFLE)." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2015. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/7057/1/M_Puligheddu_TESI_Dottorato.pdf.

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Nocturnal Frontal Lobe Epilepsy (NFLE) is characterized by onset during infancy or childhood with persistence in adulthood, family history of similar nocturnal episodes simulating non-REM parasomnias (sleep terrors or sleepwalking), general absence of morphological substrates, often by normal interictal electroencephalographical recordings (EEGs) during wakefulness. A family history of epilepsy may be present with Mendelian autosomal dominant inheritance has been described in some families. Recent studies indicate the involvement of neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) in the molecular mechanisms of NFLE. Mutations in the genes encoding for the α4 (CHRNA4) and ß2 (CHRNB2) subunits of the nAChR induce changes in the biophysical properties of nAChR, resulting generally in a “gain of function”. Preclinical studies report that activation of a nuclear receptor called type peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR-α) by endogenous molecules or by medications (e.g. fenofibrate) reduces the activity of the nAChR and, therefore, may decrease the frequency of seizures. Thus, we hypothesize that negative modulation of nAChRs might represent a therapeutic strategy to be explored for pharmacological treatment of this form of epilepsy, which only partially responds to conventional antiepileptic drugs. In fact, carbamazepine, the current medication for NFLE, abolishes the seizures only in one third of the patients. The aim of the project is: 1)_to verify the clinical efficacy of adjunctive therapy with fenofibrate in pharmacoresistant NFLE and ADNFLE patients; focousing on the analysis of the polysomnographic action of the PPAR- agonist (fenofibrate). 2)_to demonstrate the subtended mechanism of efficacy by means of electrophysiological and behavioral experiments in an animal model of the disease: particularly, transgenic mice carrying the mutation in the nAChR 4 subunit (Chrna4S252F) homologous to that found in the humans. Given that a PPAR-α agonist, FENOFIBRATE, already clinically utilized for lipid metabolism disorders, provides a promising therapeutic avenue in the treatment of NFLE\ADNFLE.
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Puligheddu, Monica Maria Francesca <1969&gt. "Rationale for an adjunctive therapy with fenofibrate in pharmacoresistant nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy (NFLE)." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2015. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/7057/.

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Nocturnal Frontal Lobe Epilepsy (NFLE) is characterized by onset during infancy or childhood with persistence in adulthood, family history of similar nocturnal episodes simulating non-REM parasomnias (sleep terrors or sleepwalking), general absence of morphological substrates, often by normal interictal electroencephalographical recordings (EEGs) during wakefulness. A family history of epilepsy may be present with Mendelian autosomal dominant inheritance has been described in some families. Recent studies indicate the involvement of neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) in the molecular mechanisms of NFLE. Mutations in the genes encoding for the α4 (CHRNA4) and ß2 (CHRNB2) subunits of the nAChR induce changes in the biophysical properties of nAChR, resulting generally in a “gain of function”. Preclinical studies report that activation of a nuclear receptor called type peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR-α) by endogenous molecules or by medications (e.g. fenofibrate) reduces the activity of the nAChR and, therefore, may decrease the frequency of seizures. Thus, we hypothesize that negative modulation of nAChRs might represent a therapeutic strategy to be explored for pharmacological treatment of this form of epilepsy, which only partially responds to conventional antiepileptic drugs. In fact, carbamazepine, the current medication for NFLE, abolishes the seizures only in one third of the patients. The aim of the project is: 1)_to verify the clinical efficacy of adjunctive therapy with fenofibrate in pharmacoresistant NFLE and ADNFLE patients; focousing on the analysis of the polysomnographic action of the PPAR- agonist (fenofibrate). 2)_to demonstrate the subtended mechanism of efficacy by means of electrophysiological and behavioral experiments in an animal model of the disease: particularly, transgenic mice carrying the mutation in the nAChR 4 subunit (Chrna4S252F) homologous to that found in the humans. Given that a PPAR-α agonist, FENOFIBRATE, already clinically utilized for lipid metabolism disorders, provides a promising therapeutic avenue in the treatment of NFLE\ADNFLE.
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Rossi, Magi Lorenzo. "Graph-based analysis of brain resting-state fMRI data in nocturnal frontal lobe epileptic patients." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2015. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/8332/.

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Il lavoro che ho sviluppato presso l'unità di RM funzionale del Policlinico S.Orsola-Malpighi, DIBINEM, è incentrato sull'analisi dati di resting state - functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (rs-fMRI) mediante l'utilizzo della graph theory, con lo scopo di valutare eventuali differenze in termini di connettività cerebrale funzionale tra un campione di pazienti affetti da Nocturnal Frontal Lobe Epilepsy (NFLE) ed uno di controlli sani. L'epilessia frontale notturna è una peculiare forma di epilessia caratterizzata da crisi che si verificano quasi esclusivamente durante il sonno notturno. Queste sono contraddistinte da comportamenti motori, prevalentemente distonici, spesso complessi, e talora a semiologia bizzarra. L'fMRI è una metodica di neuroimaging avanzata che permette di misurare indirettamente l'attività neuronale. Tutti i soggetti sono stati studiati in condizioni di resting-state, ossia di veglia rilassata. In particolare mi sono occupato di analizzare i dati fMRI con un approccio innovativo in campo clinico-neurologico, rappresentato dalla graph theory. I grafi sono definiti come strutture matematiche costituite da nodi e links, che trovano applicazione in molti campi di studio per la modellizzazione di strutture di diverso tipo. La costruzione di un grafo cerebrale per ogni partecipante allo studio ha rappresentato la parte centrale di questo lavoro. L'obiettivo è stato quello di definire le connessioni funzionali tra le diverse aree del cervello mediante l'utilizzo di un network. Il processo di modellizzazione ha permesso di valutare i grafi neurali mediante il calcolo di parametri topologici che ne caratterizzano struttura ed organizzazione. Le misure calcolate in questa analisi preliminare non hanno evidenziato differenze nelle proprietà globali tra i grafi dei pazienti e quelli dei controlli. Alterazioni locali sono state invece riscontrate nei pazienti, rispetto ai controlli, in aree della sostanza grigia profonda, del sistema limbico e delle regioni frontali, le quali rientrano tra quelle ipotizzate essere coinvolte nella fisiopatologia di questa peculiare forma di epilessia.
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Blees, Chris. "Running Backs in the NFL Draft and NFL Combine: Can Performance be Predicted?" Scholarship @ Claremont, 2011. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/127.

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Berri and Simmons (2009) investigate the relationship between the NFL Combine and the NFL Draft. They find that a quarterback’s performance in the Combine can have a significant impact on that player’s draft position. However, they find that no known aspect of a quarterback before they are drafted is an indicator of success in the NFL. I examine if these relationships exist for the Running Back position. I find similar results to Berri and Simmons: that performance in the Combine does have an effect on that player’s draft position, but that no aspect of a running back’s pre-draft characteristics can be seen as a sign of future NFL success.
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Gallagher, Michael. "A Better Predictor of NFL Success: Collegiate Performance or the NFL Draft Combine?" Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3570.

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NFL teams spend massive sums to ensure they are prepared for the future, but how should they determine whom that future includes? This study set out to find what predicts NFL success more accurately – collegiate in-game performance or the NFL Draft Combine. In the sample of 2007-2012 first-round picks, 191 athletes were measured in three NFL Draft Combine drills, two physical components, and a varying amount of ingame collegiate and NFL performance statistical categories, dependent on position. Secondarily, this work examined Power 5 and non-Power 5 players to determine if attending a more prolific program was predictive of NFL success. Findings included that 40-yard dash and vertical jump are predictive of offensive linemen and cornerback NFL success, that in-game collegiate statistics are most indicative of NFL success amongst defensive players, and that Power 5 prospects are no more prepared for NFL success than those coming from non-Power 5 schools.
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Pedersen, Ryan. "Life Planning for NFL Players." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2011. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/173.

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With players in the National Football League (NFL) making what seems to be the most money out of any entry-level position, it might come as a shock to many people to hear that so many players end up in financial distress afterwards. Sports Illustrated has put this number at 78% of players filing for bankruptcy or are in serious financial trouble within only two years of leaving the league (Torre). The problems that the players run into are their short careers, which average 3 ½ years, their poor financial decisions and their very optimistic approach to life. The 3 ½ years means that they should approach their employment as more of a lottery winning than a long term career. With so much income, the players might want to take out large mortgages and could be in trouble. They would believe that they would be the exception and not the rule for this because they are constantly succeeding as well. The players should set up a budget to fix this. They should defer the maximum amount of compensation possible and invest most of the rest. The athletes should have enough still to have a comfortable few years in the NFL. The football players should also be smart and get a college degree while they can for free.
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Whittle, Scott. "The NFL true fan problem." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/17630.

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Master of Science
Department of Industrial and Manufacturing Systems Engineering
Todd Easton
Throughout an NFL season, 512 games are played in 17 weeks. For a given fan that follows one team, only 16 of those games usually matter, and the rest of the games carry little significance. The goal of this research is to provide substantial reasons for fans to watch other games. This research finds the easiest path to a division championship for each team. This easiest path requires winning the least number of games. Due to NFL’s complicated tiebreaker rules, games not involving the fan’s team can have major implications for that team. The research calls these games critical because if the wrong team wins, then the fan’s team must win additional games to become the division champion. To identify both the easiest path and the critical games, integer programming is used. Given the amount of two-team, three-team, and four-team division tie scenarios that can occur, 31 separate integer programs are solved for each team to identify the easiest path to the division championship. A new algorithm, Shortest Path of Remaining Teams (SPORT) is used to iteratively search through every game of the upcoming week to determine critical games. These integer programs and the SPORT algorithm were used with the data from the previous 2 NFL seasons. Throughout these 2 seasons, it was found that the earliest a team was eliminated from the possibility of winning a division championship was week 12, and occurred in 2012 and 2013. Also, throughout these 2 seasons, there was an average of 65 critical games per season, with more critical games occurring in the 2013-2014 season. Additionally, the 2012 season was used to compare flexed scheduled games with the critical games for those weeks and it was found that the NFL missed three weeks of potentially scheduling a critical game.
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Davis, Donald E. Jr. "The Journey Through No-Man's Land: A Phenomenological Study of NFL Free-Agent Players' Transition Experience from Active NFL Player to Retired NFL Player." Thesis, The George Washington University, 2021. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=28151639.

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The transition from professional sport marks the beginning of what has been found to be a difficult and stressful experience (Park, Lavallee, & Todd, 2013). Exiting a career serves as a major life change that requires one to adjust to numerous changes (Erpic, Wylleman, & Zupancic, 2004). Research has highlighted a number of personal and contextual factors that affect the quality of the transition experience (Knights, Sherry, & Ruddock-Hudson, 2016; Park et al., 2013); however, no studies to date have examined players who are in the midst of the transition. This qualitative, phenomenological study was undertaken to address the research question: What is the lived experience of NFL free-agent players as they transition from an active NFL player to a retired NFL player? In-depth interviews completed with 12 NFL free-agent players found a three-phase process of transitioning, consisting of the initial reaction, “no-man’s land,” and the final realization. Six themes emerged that described the players’ experience: (1) participants identified a trigger event prior to deselection; (2) being deselected was sudden, leaving participants shocked, isolated, and angry; (3) the subsequent period was dynamic, emotionally, cognitively, and behaviorally; (4) players reached a point of realization about their future; (5) the loss of the NFL community was a significant challenge; and (6) four protective factors helped participants. The study offers recommendations related to theory, practice, and future research.
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Lee, Justin. "Evaluating NFL Player Performance and Draft Efficiency: Where is the Best Value in the NFL Draft?" Scholarship @ Claremont, 2018. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1740.

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This paper uses empirical analysis to value of each section of the NFL Draft relative to the others in order to establish which NFL draft picks are undervalued. We crafted a new performance metric that uses the size of a given draftee’s second contract relative to his peers to evaluate his performance over the course of his previous contract. Using two OLS regressions, we predict the level of performance, given by our metric score, for each section of the draft. We then use the residuals from these regressions to investigate which sections of the draft are undervalued. The results show that mid-3rd round picks and late 5th round picks are the best value per dollar in the draft.
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Books on the topic "NFLE"

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Assessment, Canada Canadian Environmental. Terra Nova development: An offshore petroeum project : report of the Terra Nova Project environmental assessment panel. Ottawa: Canadian Environmental Assessment, 1997.

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Inc, Dorling Kindersley Publishing, ed. NFL. New York: Dorling Kindersley, 2000.

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Pritchett, Sterling D. A history of the Church Lads' Brigade in Newfoundland: 100th anniversary. St. John's, Nfld: Creative Publishers, 1991.

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Cox, Tim. NFL Blitz. Indianapolis: Brady Pub., 1998.

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Bains, Rae. NFL greats. [Mahwah, N.J.]: Watermill Press, 1994.

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Inc, Dorling Kindersley Publishing, and National Football League Properties, inc. Publishing Group., eds. NFL ABC. New York: Dorling Kindersley Pub., 2000.

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Der fünfte Mord: Roman. München: btb, 2004.

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Nesbø, Jo. Das fünfte Zeichen: Kriminalroman. Berlin: List, 2010.

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Cohen, Mark. NFL Blitz 2000. Rocklin, USA: Prima Games, 1999.

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Rising stars, NFL. New York: Scholastic, 2005.

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Book chapters on the topic "NFLE"

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Mahmud, Sarker Safat, Md Rakibul Islam Prince, Md Shamim, and Sarker Shahriar Mahmud. "A Deep Convolutional Neural Network Based Classification Approach for Sleep Scoring of NFLE Patients." In Intelligent Computing & Optimization, 360–69. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-93247-3_35.

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Paul, Rodney, Robert Simmons, and Andrew Weinbach. "Gambling and the NFL." In The Economics of the National Football League, 225–42. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6290-4_13.

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Fenn, Aju. "Economics of NFL Attendance." In The Economics of the National Football League, 81–88. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6290-4_5.

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Holm, H. Daniel. "The NFL-AFL Merger." In Sports and the Law, 237–44. New York: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003249931-45.

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Mishra, Sanjaya, and Pradeep K. Misra. "Open, Distance, and Digital Non-formal Education in Developing Countries." In Handbook of Open, Distance and Digital Education, 1–17. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-0351-9_21-1.

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AbstractNon-formal education contributes significantly to improve the literacy and livelihoods of individuals. Its significance becomes much more in developing countries where 70% of the world population lives. However, population densities, geographical diversities, and varied socioeconomic conditions in many developing countries make it difficult to offer need-based non-formal education (NFE) to all. Fortunately, open, distance, and digital education (ODDE) has emerged as a viable approach to offer quality non-formal education programs at a minimal cost. Research reveals that proper and effective use of ODDE to offer NFE changes the lives of many citizens in developing countries and may help these countries achieve the Sustainable Development Goals. This chapter presents in its first section an overview of the use of ODDE for supporting NFE initiatives in the developing world and identifies issues and challenges faced. The next section of the chapter outlines theoretical insights and findings of valued publications regarding the use of ODDE for offering NFE. The final section provides the strategies for making the best and optimum use of ODDE to make NFE accessible to all eligible and willing ones in developing countries.
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Mishra, Sanjaya, and Pradeep K. Misra. "Open, Distance, and Digital Non-formal Education in Developing Countries." In Handbook of Open, Distance and Digital Education, 337–53. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-2080-6_21.

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AbstractNon-formal education contributes significantly to improve the literacy and livelihoods of individuals. Its significance becomes much more in developing countries where 70% of the world population lives. However, population densities, geographical diversities, and varied socioeconomic conditions in many developing countries make it difficult to offer need-based non-formal education (NFE) to all. Fortunately, open, distance, and digital education (ODDE) has emerged as a viable approach to offer quality non-formal education programs at a minimal cost. Research reveals that proper and effective use of ODDE to offer NFE changes the lives of many citizens in developing countries and may help these countries achieve the Sustainable Development Goals. This chapter presents in its first section an overview of the use of ODDE for supporting NFE initiatives in the developing world and identifies issues and challenges faced. The next section of the chapter outlines theoretical insights and findings of valued publications regarding the use of ODDE for offering NFE. The final section provides the strategies for making the best and optimum use of ODDE to make NFE accessible to all eligible and willing ones in developing countries.
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Kaiser, Mario. "Neue Zukü;nfte – Gegenwarten im Verzug." In Handbuch Wissenschaftssoziologie, 395–408. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-18918-5_31.

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Lakshmikantham, V., Lizhi Wen, and Binggen Zhang. "Existence Theory for p-Type NFDE." In Theory of Differential Equations with Unbounded Delay, 15–45. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2606-3_2.

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Dubin, Jeffrey A. "The Demand for NFL Football." In Empirical Studies in Applied Economics, 31–49. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1461-9_2.

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Fort, Rodney. "Competitive Balance in the NFL." In The Economics of the National Football League, 207–24. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6290-4_12.

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Conference papers on the topic "NFLE"

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Han, Chin-Chuan. "Feature Line Embedding(NFLE) Transformation and Its Applications." In International Conference on Industrial Application Engineering 2016. The Institute of Industrial Applications Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.12792/iciae2016.004.

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Lofthaug, Kristoffer, Lars Brubak, Åge Bøe, and Eivind Steen. "Investigation of Ultimate Limit State Safety Margins in the Structural Design Rules." In ASME 2017 36th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2017-62309.

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A study to document the Ultimate Limit State (ULS) safety margins built into the DNV GL rules for Bulk and Tanker is presented. Critical structural members were identified together with the load level at which these members start to develop permanent buckling sets exceeding normal fabrication tolerances. These critical load levels are then compared with the local ULS rule strength limits in order to have a measure for the structural safety margins and hull redundancy. Non-linear finite element (NFLE) analyses were performed to estimate the structural response for different focus areas (critical structural members). Typically, critical members in bottom, deck, transverse bulkhead and hopper were chosen. Cargo hold models were developed both with linear finite elements, [1,2] and non-linear finite elements, [3]. In the non-linear FE analysis, the structural safety factor for ULS was defined as the load level giving permanent plastic deformation equal to the permissible distortion (production tolerances) for structural members. The non-linear FE results were compared with the maximum permissible load level with respect to buckling and yielding according to DNV GL Ship rules [1] inclusive Common Structural Rules for BC&OT (CSR) [4]. The structural safety factor shows a typical value of 1.2–1.4, and for most cases the plate is governing dimensioning structural member. This study has identified significant structural safety margins, typically 20–40% above rule acceptance level for typical highly utilized local areas in Bulk and Tanker hulls. It is to be noted that global Hull Girder Capacity is not addressed in present paper.
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Chernikov, S. V., and J. R. Taylor. "Optical Beat Signal Switching in a Nonlinear Fibre Loop Mirror." In Nonlinear Guided-Wave Phenomena. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/nlgwp.1993.wa.5.

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A nonlinear fibre loop mirror [1, 2] (NFLM) has recently been paid considerable attention as a fast optical switch for various applications. The use of the NFLM for optical signal processing [1-4], for optical pulse shaping [5] and in passively mode locked fibre lasers [6] have been demonstrated. In this paper , we investigate generation of a pulse train relaying on switching of a dual frequency optical beat signal in the NFLM. The idea of pulse train generation through optical beating is based on reshaping the half-periods of the sinusoidal beat signal into well-separated pulses [7]. The reshaping was previously achieved using nonlinear propagation in an optical fibre influenced by "slow" amplification or dispersion decreasing along the fibre length [8], or, alternatively, by exploiting the soliton Raman self-scattering effect [9]. Here, we demonstrate theoretically and experimentally how the nonlinear switching characteristics of the NFLM in conjuction with a dispersion delay line can provide a mechanism for the transformation of a beat signal into a train of well separated transform-limited pulses at multigigabit/s repetition rates.
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Azevedo, Fernanda Reis de, Michael Polydefkis, Simina Ticau, David Erbe, Anastasia McManus, Emre Aldinc, David Adams, Mary Reilly, Akshay Vaishnaw, and Paul Nio. "Neurofilament Light Chain (NfL) as a Potential Biomarker of Treatment Response in Hereditary TransthyretinMediated (hATTR) Amyloidosis: Patisiran Global OLE Study." In XIII Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.200.

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Introduction: Patisiran is approved for the treatment of hATTR amyloidosis with polyneuropathy and its long-term efficacy/safety is being studied in a Global OLE. Plasma biomarkers are being investigated for utility in facilitating earlier diagnosis and monitoring disease /treatment response. Objective: Evaluate long-term change in neurofilament light chain (NfL) levels in response to patisiran in patients enrolled in the Global Open-Label Extension (OLE) study. Methods: NfL plasma levels were measured in duplicate in healthy controls and patients with ATTRv amyloidosis with polyneuropathy using the Quanterix Simoa platform. Patient samples were analyzed from the APOLLO study at baseline and 18 months, and also measured at 12 and 24 months following APOLLO in patients who rolled into the Global OLE. Results: NfL levels at APOLLO baseline were 63.2 (placebo) and 72.1 pg/ mL (patisiran). NfL increased during APOLLO in the placebo group (99.5 pg/mL), whereas a significant decrease was observed at 18 months following patisiran (48.8 pg/mL). Reduced NfL levels were maintained in the APOLLO-patisiran group through 24 months of additional patisiran treatment in the Global OLE (44.0 pg/mL), consistent with maintained improvement in mNIS+7. Upon initiation of patisiran in the Global OLE, the APOLLO-placebo group experienced a reduction in NfL levels through 24 months (44.2 pg/mL), reaching a similar level to the APOLLO-patisiran group. Conclusions: NfL may serve as a biomarker of active nerve damage and polyneuropathy, making it useful as a potential biomarker of disease progression, treatment response and for earlier diagnosis of polyneuropathy in patients with ATTRv amyloidosis and monitoring disease.
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Musa, Safuri. "Factors that Affect the Sustainability of Litercay Education Program." In 3rd NFE Conference on Lifelong Learning (NFE 2016). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/nfe-16.2017.48.

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Anugrah Putra, Chandra. "Use of Multimedia Learning Technology Based Graphical User Interface (GUI)." In 3rd NFE Conference on Lifelong Learning (NFE 2016). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/nfe-16.2017.1.

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Rahmat Pramudia, Joni, Sardin Sardin, Nike Kamarubiani, and Muhammad Irfan Hilmi. "Model Management Activity Community Learning Center (Clc) Based on Local Wisdom to Improve Quality of Nonformal Education Service." In 3rd NFE Conference on Lifelong Learning (NFE 2016). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/nfe-16.2017.10.

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Dwi Lestari, Gunarti. "Nonformal Education Ideas on Mahakam Ulu Community as The Extension Area of West Kutai District." In 3rd NFE Conference on Lifelong Learning (NFE 2016). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/nfe-16.2017.11.

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Robandi, Babang, Dharma Kesuma, Arie Rakhmat Riyadi, and Teguh Ibrahim. "The Profile of Critical Consciousness of Indonesia University of Education Students'on Educational Phenomenon (A Phenomenological Study of Paulo Freire's Pedagogy)." In 3rd NFE Conference on Lifelong Learning (NFE 2016). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/nfe-16.2017.12.

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Indra Syahdewa, Budi. "Contribution of Nonformal Education (NFE) in Improving English Performance." In 3rd NFE Conference on Lifelong Learning (NFE 2016). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/nfe-16.2017.13.

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Reports on the topic "NFLE"

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Greenberg, B., and S. Keene. NFILE - a file access protocol. RFC Editor, December 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.17487/rfc1037.

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Friedman, Jan. Analysis of Phenotypical Variability in Neurfibromatosis (NFL1). Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada391248.

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Carlson, Kyle, Joshua Kim, Annamaria Lusardi, and Colin Camerer. Bankruptcy Rates among NFL Players with Short-Lived Income Spikes. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, April 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w21085.

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Paulauskas, Felix, Joshua Nowak, David Martin, and Truman Bonds. CRADA (NFE-17-06574) Final Report: Carbon Fiber Surface Treatment. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1922292.

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Smith, Matt. CRADA Final Report: CRADA Number NFE-18-07325 with TCPoly, Inc. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1888907.

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Claypoole, Jesse. CRADA Final Report: CRADA Number NFE-19-07847 with MantaPoole Technologies. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1928918.

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Safavi, Leila. CRADA Final Report: CRADA Number NFE-19-07859 with Purist, Inc. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1958374.

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Szybist, James P., and Keith Confer. CRADA Number NFE-07-00722 Final Report: Enabling High Efficiency Ethanol Engines. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1007838.

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Paranthaman, M. Parans. CRADA/NFE-15-05779 Report: Fabrication of Large Area Printable Composite Magnets. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1329774.

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Shane-Nichols, Amy, Diane McCrohan, and Te-Lin Chung. NFL Fanatics Communication of Identity through Apparel and Merchandise: A Gender Comparison. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, November 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/itaa_proceedings-180814-1361.

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