Academic literature on the topic 'NFA Position'
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Journal articles on the topic "NFA Position"
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Brzoza-Brzezina, Michał, and Jacek Kotłowski. "THE NONLINEAR NATURE OF COUNTRY RISK AND ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR DSGE MODELS." Macroeconomic Dynamics 24, no. 3 (August 3, 2018): 601–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s136510051800038x.
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Country risk premia can substantially affect macroeconomic dynamics. We concentrate on one of their most important determinants—a country’s net foreign asset (NFA) position and—in contrast to the existing research—investigate its nonlinear link to risk premia. The importance of this particular nonlinearity is two-fold. First, it allows to identify the NFA level above which the elasticity becomes much (possibly dangerously) higher. Second, such a nonlinear relationship is a standard ingredient of dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE) models, but its proper calibration/estimation is missing. Our estimation shows that indeed the link is highly nonlinear and helps to identify the NFA position where the nonlinearity kicks in at approximately −70% to −75% of GDP. We also provide a proper calibration of the risk premium—NFA relationship which can be used in DSGE models and demonstrate that its slope matters significantly for economic dynamics in such a model.
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CHAMPARNAUD, J. M., F. OUARDI, and D. ZIADI. "NORMALIZED EXPRESSIONS AND FINITE AUTOMATA." International Journal of Algebra and Computation 17, no. 01 (February 2007): 141–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021819670700355x.
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There exist two well-known quotients of the position automaton of a regular expression. The first one, called the equation automaton, was first introduced by Mirkin from the notion of prebase and has been redefined by Antimirov from the notion of partial derivative. The second one, due to Ilie and Yu and called the follow automaton, can be obtained by eliminating ε-transitions in an ε-NFA that is always smaller than the classical ε-NFAs (Thompson, Sippu and Soisalon–Soininen). Ilie and Yu discussed the difficulty of succeeding in a theoretical comparison between the size of the follow automaton and the size of the equation automaton and concluded that it is very likely necessary to realize experimental studies. In this paper we solve the theoretical question, by first defining a set of regular expressions, called normalized expressions, such that every regular expression can be normalized in linear time, and proving then that the equation automaton of a normalized expression is always smaller than its follow automaton.
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Kondo, Hiroko X., Haruki Nakamura, and Yu Takano. "Depolarizing Effects in Hydrogen Bond Energy in 310-Helices Revealed by Quantum Chemical Analysis." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 16 (August 12, 2022): 9032. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23169032.
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Hydrogen-bond (H-bond) energies in 310-helices of short alanine peptides were systematically examined by precise DFT calculations with the negative fragmentation approach (NFA), a modified method based on the molecular tailoring approach. The contribution of each H-bond was evaluated in detail from the 310-helical conformation of total energies (whole helical model, WH3-10 model), and the results were compared with the property of H-bond in α-helix from our previous study. The H-bond energies of the WH3-10 model exhibited tendencies different from those exhibited by the α-helix in that they depended on the helical position of the relevant H-bond pair. H-bond pairs adjacent to the terminal H-bond pairs were observed to be strongly destabilized. The analysis of electronic structures indicated that structural characteristics cause the destabilization of the H-bond in 310-helices. We also found that the longer the helix length, the more stable the H-bond in the terminal pairs of the WH3-10 model, suggesting the action of H-bond cooperativity.
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Sato, T., J. Hirono, M. Tonoike, and M. Takebayashi. "Tuning specificities to aliphatic odorants in mouse olfactory receptor neurons and their local distribution." Journal of Neurophysiology 72, no. 6 (December 1, 1994): 2980–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1994.72.6.2980.
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1. Odor responses to two homologous series of n-fatty acids (nFA) and n-aliphatic alcohols (nAA) with a straight chain of three to nine carbons were examined by measuring odor-induced [Ca2+]i increase in mouse olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) isolated by the tissue-printing method. 2. One-third of the ORNs responsive to nFA and/or nAA were alternately sensitive to either type of odorant. Their sensitivities were usually near maximal for one or two odorants and decreased with differences in the carbon chain length from the tuned odorants. 3. Two-thirds of the ORNs responsive to nFA and/or nAA were sensitive to both types of odorants. Most of them were also tuned to one or two odorants in each series with similar carbon chain lengths and showed a decrease of sensitivity with increasing stereochemical discrepancy, similar to nFA/nAA discriminating ORNs. 4. In 10 of 20 non-nFA/nAA discriminating ORNs, the sensitivity to nFA was > 10 times greater than to nAA, and 80% of them were localized in a central region of olfactory epithelium on the septum wall where ORNs preferentially project to the dorsomedial or centromedial regions of the olfactory bulb. In addition, the sensitivity to three series of n-aliphatic odorants with an added amino group was examined. Sensitivity became higher as the electronegativity of the functional groups increased, suggesting that a hydrogen bond might partly mediate affinity in one type of non-nFA/nAA discriminating ORNs. 5. The diversity in odorant tuning specificity and sensitivity of the individual ORNs indicated that their receptor sites were finely tuned to the stereochemical structures of numerous odorants by changes in the three-dimensional size and intermolecular positions of the hydrophobic domains for hydrophobic bond, as well as the proton-acceptor or donor for the hydrogen bond and the electrical charge for the ionic bond. 6. The subpopulation of ORNs tuned to an individual odorant increased as the length of carbon chain of the odorant increased from three to nine. This tendency was more marked for nFA than for nAA in the case of non-nFA/nAA discriminating ORNs. 7. Data obtained by the in vitro approach using the tissue-printing method suggested that three or more subtypes of ORNs, which were similar in some cases and significantly different in other cases, were located within close proximity to one another.
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Sukamto, L. Agus. "HYPOCOTYL ORIENTATION AND HORMONE INFLUENCE IN VITRO REGENERATION OF ROOT AND SHOOT OF CAULIFLOWER (BRASSICA OLERACEA L. VAR. BOTRYTIS) `PUAKEA'." HortScience 27, no. 6 (June 1992): 617g—618. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.27.6.617g.
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Hypocotyl sections of cauliflower were cultured in horizontal, upright or inverted positions on Murashige and Skoog medium with different concentrations of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and α-naphthylacetic acid (NAA). Inverted position gave the highest differentiated score and greatest fresh weight of the two month-old tissues, followed by upright and horizontal positions respectively. Combination BAP and NAA caused synergistic effect on tissues. The best treatment for getting callus was combination of 5 mg/liter BAP, 2 mg/liter NAA and upright position, whereas for getting tissue differentiation was combination of 5 mg/liter BAP, 1 mg/liter NAA and inverted position.
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Plotkin, S. R., M. Singh, W. Cai, C. O'Donnell, S. Esparza, M. J. Smith, G. J. Harris, A. Muzikansky, M. A. Bredella, and A. Kassarjian. "Whole-body MRI evaluation of tumor burden in the neurofibromatosis tumor suppressor syndromes." Journal of Clinical Oncology 27, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2009): 2074. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.2074.
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2074 Background: Neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1), NF2, and schwannomatosis are a group of related genetic disorders in which affected individuals share the predisposition to develop multiple neurofibromas and schwannomas. The prevalence of internal tumors is not known because current estimates are based on regional MRI scans that may not detect occult tumors. A rapid and sensitive method to detect internal tumors is highly desirable since they can cause neurologic dysfunction, compress vital structures, or transform into malignant tumors. Whole-body MRI (WBMRI) is an imaging technique by which the entire body can be imaged in a relatively short time without the use of ionizing radiation. Methods: We performed WBMRI in subjects with NF1, NF2, or schwannomatosis as part of an IRB-approved research study. Each subject was imaged from head to ankles in the supine position using a 1.5 Tesla magnet, integrated body coil, and no intravenous contrast. Using five acquisitions, the entire body was imaged using a fat suppressed fluid sensitive STIR sequence. The images were then fused into a single whole body DICOM image. The number and type of tumors (discrete vs. plexiform) were identified by a board-certified radiologist and tumor volume was calculated using semi-automated analysis. Results: A total of 100 subjects were imaged (NF1–50; NF2–25, schwannomatosis-25). Sixty-one percent of subjects had ≥1 internal tumor. The median number of tumors in affected individuals was 5 (range, 1 to 63 tumors). Overall, the legs harbored the greatest number of tumors (33%), followed by the pelvis (18%), thorax (15%), abdomen (12%), arms (10%), and head/neck (7%). Only 40% of internal tumors were classified as plexiform yet these tumors contributed 78% of the tumor burden by volume. Conclusions: WBMRI scan is a powerful tool to evaluate the number, size, and distribution of internal tumors in patients with neurofibromatosis. This technique provides unique phenotypic information for genetic studies on NF1, NF2, and schwannomatosis. In addition, WBMRI may prove useful in identifying individual patients at high risk for complications (such as neurologic dysfunction or malignant transformation) due to heavy internal tumor burden and in determining the efficacy of antitumor drugs in this unique patient population. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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McRae, E. G., and R. A. Malic. "Low energy electron diffraction with position-sensitive detection: intensity measurements and comparison with positron diffraction for NaF(001)." Surface Science Letters 177, no. 1 (November 1986): A591. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-2584(86)91075-3.
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McRae, E. G., and R. A. Malic. "Low energy electron diffraction with position-sensitive detection: Intensity measurements and comparison with positron diffraction for NaF(001)." Surface Science 177, no. 1 (November 1986): 74–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0039-6028(86)90258-x.
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Cameron, Don. "The NEA Position on Testing In-Service Teachers." Educational Measurement: Issues and Practice 4, no. 3 (September 1985): 26–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-3992.1985.tb00459.x.
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Quinsey, Carolyn S., Katie Krause, Lissa C. Baird, Christina M. Sayama, and Nathan R. Selden. "Incidence of symptomatic tethered spinal cord in pediatric patients presenting with neurofibromatosis types 1 and 2." Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics 21, no. 5 (May 2018): 456–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2017.12.peds17306.
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OBJECTIVEThe relationship between a tethered cord (TC) and neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) and NF2 is not known. The purpose of this study was to define the incidence of TC in pediatric neurosurgical patients who present with NF.METHODSThe authors performed a single-institution (tertiary care pediatric hospital) 10-year retrospective analysis of patients who were diagnosed with or who underwent surgery for a TC and/or NF. Clinical and radiological characteristics were analyzed, as was histopathology.RESULTSA total of 424 patients underwent surgery for a TC during the study period, and 67 patients with NF were seen in the pediatric neurosurgery clinic. Of these 67 patients, 9 (13%) were diagnosed with a TC, and filum lysis surgery was recommended. Among the 9 patients with NF recommended for TC-release surgery, 4 (44%) were female, the mean age was 8 years (range 4–14 years), the conus position ranged from L1–2 to L-3, and 3 (33%) had a filum lipoma, defined as high signal intensity on T1-weighted MR images. All 9 of these patients presented with neuromotor, skeletal, voiding, and/or pain-related symptoms. Histopathological examination consistently revealed dense fibroconnective tissue and blood vessels.CONCLUSIONSDespite the lack of any known pathophysiological relationship between NF and TC, the incidence of a symptomatic TC in patients with NF1 and NF2 who presented for any reason to this tertiary care pediatric neurosurgery clinic was 13%. Counseling patients and families regarding TC symptomatology might be indicated in this patient population.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "NFA Position"
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Durkin, Bailey. "THE IMPORTANCE OF THE NFL COMBINE IN DETERMINING DRAFT POSITION AND FUTURE PERFORMANCE." OpenSIUC, 2020. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/2726.
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Every year the National Football League (NFL) holds a draft where teams that have the worst records in the previous season are given the first opportunity to acquire the most talented players from colleges all over the nation, in a reverse-order pick system. The team’s ability to correctly identify and select players from this pool is essential in determining the effectiveness of the draft. The goal then of the draft would be to increase the competitiveness of the league and increase the chances that a team with a bad record the previous year will have a better one in the following season. The NFL Combine is an event held before the draft where prospective athletes showcase their skills in a few areas to increase their chances of being drafted. Most players drafted are offered a four-year contract where they can choose to sign again with the same team or another after the contract is up. This paper uses data from the players’ collegiate performances and performance in the NFL Scouting Combine to determine what affects a NFL team executive in their decision making process on draft order.
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Nelson, Evan, Charles D. Creusere, and Eric Butcher. "Determination of Position Around Near-Earth Asteroids Using Communication Relays." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/577469.
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ITC/USA 2014 Conference Proceedings / The Fiftieth Annual International Telemetering Conference and Technical Exhibition / October 20-23, 2014 / Town and Country Resort & Convention Center, San Diego, CAIn this paper we consider the possibility of using a communications system that is operating between probes on the surface of an asteroid and an orbiting satellite to more accurately determine spatial positions. This is done by measuring the round trip communication delay between the orbiter and various surface probes to estimate distance. From these distance measurements, the position can be determined using trilateration - the same basic technique behind the earth-based GPS system. Within the framework of this scenario, the location of the probes or the orbiter can be determined depending on the scenario.
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Anthony, LaLisa. "Reducing Sport-related Injuries: Perspectives from NFL High School Coach of the Year Recipients." ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/5052.
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American football sport-related injuries have negatively affected millions of high school students' quality of life. Although there are studies about types, conditions, and psychological effects of injuries, a gap remained in the literature that involved injury prevention from the head coach's perspective. The purpose of this qualitative phenomenological study was to fill this gap by exploring how head coaches perceive their role and responsibility in reducing sport-related injury occurrences. Sabatier and Weible's advocacy coalition, Diener and Dweck's achievement goal theory, and Fishbein and Ajzen's theory of reasoned action framed this study. The research questions focused on the lived experiences from high school American football head coaches that will advance effective policy to reduce sport-related injuries. Criterion sampling was used to select 12 head coaches who received the NFL High School Coach of the Year award. Semi structured interviews were analyzed and interpreted according to Moustakas' data analysis methods. Key findings revealed there is an absence of national sport health and safety policy and support for high school American football head coaches as principal contributors and advocates for advancing effective policy to reduce sport-related injury occurrences. Recommendations from the research participants include implementation of standard policies by all state athletic associations to adopt minimum coach qualifications, injury and emergency protocols, and the presence of an athletic trainer/medical personnel at all sport activities. The implications for social change target advancing national policy focused on coach training, development, and monitoring processes for all high schools throughout the United States to support making American football safer.
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Buga, Natalia. "Les diasporas comme ressources d'intégration dans l'économie mondiale." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00647166.
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L'objectif de cette thèse est de livrer des éclaircissements sur la contribution que les diasporas apportent au développement de leurs pays d'origine et par conséquent à une meilleure intégration dans l'économie mondiale. Nous avons fait comme hypothèse principale, que toutes les diasporas peuvent jouer un rôle considérable dans le processus de développement des pays de départ en raison des diverses ressources qu'elles envoient vers les territoires d'origine. Cette problématique est le fil conducteur du travail de recherche que nous avons réalisé pour trouver des réponses aux questions portant sur la définition du terme " diaspora " (Sheffer, 1986 ; Safran, 1991 ; Cohen, 1997 ; Ma Mung, 1992), sur les éléments constitutifs du groupe diasporique (Massey et al.,1993 ; Prévélakis, 2005 ; Bruneau, 2004), sur les mécanismes de production des effets positifs (Saxenian, 1999), sur les ressources générées par la communauté diasporique et leur impact sur le pays de départ (Meyer, 2002 ; Kapur et McHale, 2005 ; Orozco, 2005 ; Kuznetsov, 2006), sur les déterminants de l'ampleur de l'impact produit par la diaspora sur le pays de départ. Les études existantes sur les diasporas sont peu nombreuses dans la littérature économique et les effets qu'elles produisent sur les pays de départ restent peu développés étant limités généralement à l'analyse de l'impact des remises de fonds sur les ménages bénéficiaires. Les rares travaux portant sur les ressources non financières sont le plus souvent des études de cas. Dans le cadre de cette thèse, nous nous sommes proposés d'aller plus loin, en participant à la construction d'une théorie générale et en tenant à mettre en évidence les ressources non financières d'une diaspora. Nous montrons que la diaspora n'est pas uniquement un fournisseur de ressources financières pour le pays d'origine avec des effets positifs à court terme mais elle est aussi le pourvoyeur d'autres ressources qui sont susceptibles de produire des effets bénéfiques plus durables et générer des changements plus profonds. Par le biais d'une grille de lecture des ressources de la diaspora, on fait d'une part, un état des lieux des effets engendrés par les envois de fonds et d'autre part, on analyse les effets produits par la diffusion de cinq types de ressources non financières (cognitives, relationnelles, institutionnelles, organisationnelles et symboliques) générées par la diaspora. L'introduction de la notion d'intentionnalité nous permet de montrer que les effets induits sur le pays de départ par la diaspora à travers l'envoi de différentes ressources sont plus complexes et dépassent largement le cadre des effets recherchés. La problématique des diasporas traitée dans cette thèse, est analysée selon trois axes principaux. Le premier est défini par la nécessité d'une conceptualisation générale de la diaspora dans le contexte de la globalisation, comme ressource de convergence économique entre pays, et comme ressource d'intégration dans l'économie mondiale. Le deuxième axe de notre étude présente l'importance des groupes diasporiques à l'heure de l'économie de la connaissance comme porteurs de ressources non financières qui peuvent être mobilisées en faveur des pays d'origine. Enfin, le dernier axe d'analyse de la problématique renvoie à la nécessité de vérifier, empiriquement, le rôle de la diaspora dans le développement du pays d'origine, notamment à travers les effets des ressources non financières (RNF). Cet objectif nous a conduit à choisir trois diasporas émergentes post-communistes : la diaspora roumaine, la diaspora moldave et la diaspora kirghize comme terrain propice d'étude de ces effets. Notre choix s'explique par le fait que ces diasporas sont essentiellement composées de personnes qualifiées ayant un haut niveau d'éducation. Malgré leur existence récente, ces groupes nationaux se caractérisent par un activisme diasporique très favorable aux effets des RNF qui nous a permis de répondre aux questions posées au cours de cette thèse. Les questions soulevées durant ce travail couvrent trois domaines : l'existence et la nature des diasporas, la diaspora et le développement économique du pays d'origine et les déterminants de l'impact des ressources non financières des diasporas sur les pays de départ. Les réponses à ces questions nous ont permis de montrer le rôle des diasporas dans le développement de leurs pays d'origine à travers les ressources qu'elles procurent aux territoires de départ, notamment les ressources non financières qui ont un effet accélérateur plus important en matière de rattrapage économique que les transferts de fonds. Cette thèse aide à comprendre le fonctionnement des diasporas comme vecteurs de développement, d'une part, à travers les caractéristiques générales qui permettent la distinction d'autres groupes de migrants et d'autre part, à travers les spécificités de chaque diaspora qui expliquent l'émergence des phénomènes particuliers comme dans le cas de la diaspora chinoise ou les diasporas post-soviétiques.
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Hepp, Jacob Michael. "A study on the relationship between draft position and success in the NBA." 2003. http://www.oregonpdf.org.
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Real, Delgado Yeray. "Exploring the potential of mobile technology and NFC for creating music collaboratively." Thesis, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-40305.
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Nowadays, mobile devices offer a wide variety of features and sensor capabilitiesthat can be applied into everyday problems. This is being used by the commu-nity in order to provide more intuitive tools that facilitate users to tackle theseproblems. In this thesis, I present my work which aims at providing an afford-able, non-intrusive, easy to use and intuitive tool that enables users withoutany musical background to create music collaboratively and enjoy this activityby using NFC enabled mobile devices and NFC tags. I introduce the "Rela-tive Position Awareness" which is utilized to allow users to create a music piecebased on the relative position of the devices. To do that, I implement a proto-type that includes Near Field Communication (NFC) and study whether NFCis a suitable technology for supporting the positioning awareness system. Inaddition, I also study the interactions that occur while users are collaborativelycreating music pieces. I run several user studies that indicate my prototype issuitable for supporting music creation collaborative activities, that NFC pro-vides a high level of accuracy when it comes to support the relative positioningsystem and that the prototype fosters social interaction among the users. Partof the results from this research effort have been presented in Fifth Workshopon Ubiquitous Music (V UbiMus) and can be found in Exploring the potentialof mobile technology for creating music collaboratively [1]
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Mathur, Chhavi. "Characterization Of Structural And Non-structural Proteins Of Positive Sense, Single-stranded RNA Plant Viruses." Thesis, 2012. http://etd.iisc.ernet.in/handle/2005/2442.
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In the present thesis, two positive sense single-stranded RNA viruses have been used as models to understand the structure and function of viral-encoded proteins. One of them, Pepper Vein Banding Virus (PVBV; genus Potyvirus; family Potyviridae) is a flexuous, rod-shaped virus that encodes for a polyprotein of size ~340 kDa. The polyprotein undergoes proteolytic processing by viral-encoded proteases, of which Nuclear Inclusion-a Protease (NIa-Pro) is the major protease. It is a serine-like cysteine protease which cleaves between a Q/A or Q/S, present in the context of the heptapeptide recognition sequence. The temporal regulation of intermediates and mature proteins released by NIa-Pro cleavage is crucial for a successful infection. In the present study, histidine-tagged NIa-Pro, Viral Protein genome-linked (VPg), and the cleavage site mutant (E191A) VPg-Pro were over-expressed in E. coli and purified. The protease activity of NIa-Pro was monitored using an HPLC-based protease assay developed using a peptide substrate. NIa-Pro protease activity was found to get modulated upon interaction with VPg and upon undergoing phosphorylation. Both these events have been found to involve the face of NIa-Pro which contains the solvent-exposed Trp143. Mutational studies and molecular dynamics analyses provide evidence that this residue is buried upon interaction of NIa-Pro with VPg, and any perturbation of its orientation influences the active site Cys151 via an extensive interaction network. This interaction was found to enhance the velocity of NIa-Pro protease activity, especially if the two domains were present in trans (VPg+Pro). In addition, the main-chain –NH2 group of Trp143 was found to be hydrogen-bonded to the side chain –OH group of Ser129, the residue which was identified to undergo phosphorylation by host plant kinases. Interestingly, when the two domains were present in cis (E191A VPg-Pro), no phosphorylation was observed. Mutations of Ser129 (to phosphorylation-mimic Asp or phosphorylation-deficient Ala residues) which affected this H-bond were found to disturb Trp143 and Cys151 orientation, which drastically reduced the protease activity of NIa-Pro. Within the polyprotein, VPg is present at the N-terminus of NIa-Pro and the cleavage site between them is suboptimal (E/A). In the present study, VPg-Pro was shown to be covalently linked to the genomic RNA present in the virions. Interestingly, during purification, VPg could only be purified from the soluble when it was expressed at the N-terminus of NIa-Pro. A series of bioinformatics and biophysical analysis of VPg showed that PVBV VPg, like other potyviral VPgs, exists as a molten-globule. Moreover, while VPg was shown to harbour the Walker motifs, it was found to exhibit an ATPase activity only when it was present with the NIa-Pro (especially in cis). Lys47 and Asp88:Glu89 were found crucial for optimal activity. Over all the results demonstrated that there is a reciprocal modulation of structure and function of the VPg and NIa-Pro domains. These results can explain the possible significance of an impeded cleavage rate between the two domains of VPg-Pro during PVBV infection. The precursor, VPg-Pro, could offer the advantage of evading the inhibitory phosphorylation of NIa-Pro by the host, as well as drive certain viral processes by virtue of its ATPase activity. And subsequent cleavage of the domains and their trans interaction could offer a higher turnover rate which might assist sufficient CP production required for viral morphogenesis. Another virus, Tobacco Streak Virus (TSV) that belongs to the Ilarvirus genus of the Bromoviridae family is a spherical virus which forms pleiomorphic icosahedral virus particles. It has a tripartite genome and each RNA is encapsidated individually. In the present thesis, TSV was used as a model to understand the properties of its structural protein-the coat protein (CP), with the aim of deciphering TSV assembly process. Thus, the CP gene from TSV RNA 3 was cloned and over-expressed in E. coli. The coat protein thus expressed formed virus-like particles (VLPs), which could be disassembled into dimers using high CaCl2 concentrations. Reassembly of VLPs was possible from dimers even in the absence of any nucleic acid. Mutational analysis of the N-terminal disordered domain showed that 26 amino acid residues from the amino-terminus could be crucial for capsid heterogeneity while, zinc-binding domain was essential for assembly. Overall, the present study shows that the flexible W-C loop of PVBV NIa-Pro, the disordered N-terminal region of PVBV VPg and the disordered N-terminal region of TSV CP harbour residues crucial for regulation of protein function. Such regulatory elements would ultimately allow viruses to maintain a smaller protein number, and thus a smaller genome size.
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Tshikosi, Mukondeleli Patricia. "Tsenguluso ya khombo ya u kavhiwa nga dwadzetshifu la HIV/AIDS kha matambwa a Tshivenda ho sedzeswa litambwa litambwa la vho Nefefe M. P "Dovhani"na litambwa la vho Milubi N. A. vho tangana na vho Mafenya L. L. Ha u tsa ndi ha ü gonya." Diss., 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11602/398.
Full textBooks on the topic "NFA Position"
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Play football the NFL way: Position-by-position techniques and drills for offense, defense, and special teams. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1990.
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Association, National Aboriginal Forestry. Aboriginal participation in forest management: Not just another stakeholder : NAFA position paper. Ottawa: National Aboriginal Forestry Association, 1997.
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Arnold, J. Douglas. Nintendo 64: Survival Guide Volume Two. Lahaina, Maui, HI: Sandwich Islands Publishing Company, 1998.
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Knowledge, Sports. American Football: Regeln, Positionen, Spielzüge/ Superbowl 2019/ NFL, AFC, NFC/ Wissenswertes über Alle 32 Teams. Independently Published, 2018.
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Sports illustrated NFL QB: The greatest position in sports. Time Inc. Books, 2014.
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Sawyer, Tim. Petroff 2…Nf6 Playbook: 200 Opening Chess Positions for Black. Independently published, 2017.
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Sawyer, Tim. Alekhine 1... Nf6 Playbook: 200 Opening Chess Positions for Black. Independently Published, 2017.
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Sawyer, Tim. Philidor 2. Nf3 Playbook: 200 Opening Chess Positions for White. Independently Published, 2017.
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Mayhew, T. S. Simple NFT Handbook: Understand NFTs and Become Positioned for Consistent Profits. Independently Published, 2021.
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The stars are lined up for military spouses: Federal jobs for military spouses through USAJOBS, Program S, NAF and Excepted Service. The Resume Place, 2017.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "NFA Position"
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Ilie, Lucian, and Sheng Yu. "Constructing NFAs by Optimal Use of Positions in Regular Expressions." In Combinatorial Pattern Matching, 279–88. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-45452-7_23.
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Temperli, Christian, Giovanni Santopuoli, Alessandra Bottero, Ignacio Barbeito, Iciar Alberdi, Sonia Condés, Thomas Gschwantner, et al. "National Forest Inventory Data to Evaluate Climate-Smart Forestry." In Climate-Smart Forestry in Mountain Regions, 107–39. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80767-2_4.
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AbstractNational Forest Inventory (NFI) data are the main source of information on forest resources at country and subcountry levels. This chapter explores the strengths and limitations of NFI-derived indicators to assess forest development with respect to adaptation to and mitigation of climate change, that is, the criteria of Climate-Smart Forestry (CSF). We reflect on harmonizing NFI-based indicators across Europe, use literature to scrutinize available indicators to evaluate CSF, and apply them in 1) Switzerland, where CSF is evaluated for NFI records and simulation model projections with four management scenarios; 2) 43 selected European countries, for which the indicators for Sustainable Forest Management (SFM) are used. The indicators were aggregated to composite indices for adaptation and mitigation and to an overall CSF rating. The Swiss NFI records showed increased CSF ratings in mountainous regions, where growing stocks increased. Simulations under business-as-usual management led to a positive CSF rating, whereas scenarios of increased harvesting decreased either only adaptation or both mitigation and adaptation. European-level results showed increases in CSF ratings for most countries. Negative adaptation ratings were mostly due to forest damages. We discuss the limitations of the indicator approach, consider the broader context of international greenhouse gas reporting, and conclude with policy recommendations.
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Zhang, Tong, Junlong Chen, and Xinchao Zhao. "Modeling and Analysis of Player Efficiency Rating for Different Positions: Case Study with NBA." In Communications in Computer and Information Science, 234–42. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-22456-0_34.
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Dobos, Balázs. "Cultural Autonomy, Safe Haven or Window-Dressing? Institutions Maintained by Minority Self-Governments in Hungary." In Realising Linguistic, Cultural and Educational Rights Through Non-Territorial Autonomy, 155–70. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-19856-4_11.
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AbstractIn the history of national cultural autonomy (NCA) in Hungary, the emphasis since the mid-2000s has been placed on institutionalisation, with the aim of establishing, or taking over and maintaining various cultural and educational institutions with appropriate budget support by the minority self-governments (MSGs), the local variants of NCA. However, in practice this remained mostly on paper in the 1990s. But now there are hundreds of institutions—kindergartens, primary and secondary schools, dormitories, museums, libraries, theatres, research institutes, etc.—that are run by minorities. In this way, MSGs have become main actors in implementing linguistic, cultural and educational minority rights in the country.This is all the more important because recent experiences have shown that the transmission of minority languages and identities in families is now largely interrupted, and minority educational institutions have an increasingly important role to play. However, this has been somewhat controversial, and still characterises minorities to varying extents, with those previously recognised in the communist era remaining in better positions with their pre-existing networks of institutions. It has only been possible for the establishment of these institutions, recognised later under the 1993 Minority Act, to begin in the last two decades. In some places, the idea of MSGs taking over existing institutions met resistance from the local populations, especially parents. In other places, especially during the Orbán governments in the 2010s, such a takeover became a kind of escape route so that the school in the municipality would neither be closed, nor continue to be maintained by the state or the churches. It has also been a question of how these minority schools perform on a variety of indicators, and thus whether it is worthwhile for parents to enrol their children. In addition, some ‘institutions’, especially certain ‘research centres’ employing only one person, cannot be considered real institutions. To address the issues above, the major aim of the study is to introduce and analyse the complex process of institutionalisation, and to summarise and evaluate its experiences, especially with regard to the impact of these institutions on the linguistic, cultural and educational rights of minorities.
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Woo, Jaejoon. "Korea Joins the League of Wealthy Nations." In Confronting South Korea's Next Crisis, 488–520. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198864424.003.0012.
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Korea’s large current account (CA) surplus has recently emerged as a silver lining of a country struggling to revive growth, providing a unique opportunity to build a significant net foreign asset (NFA) position. A new analysis predicts years of CA surpluses of a structural nature ahead. Under a central scenario, the NFA is forecast to reach 62 percent of GDP by 2030. In retrospect, however, it is surprising that Korea’s NFA position turned positive (i.e. Korea became a net creditor nation) only in 2014, although the country has run a CA surplus every single year since 1998. By definition, the current account balance and change in NFA move closely to each other, subject to valuation effects. Where did all the current account surpluses go? Why would this time be different? To provide answers for these questions, Chapter 12 examines Korea’s balance of payment system, the external capital structure (i.e. composition of foreign assets and liabilities), and valuation effects. The prospect of a more solid NFA position has positive implications for the economy, while helping to address issues such as the need for durable funding sources for the aging society and the emerging market-style volatility of the economy during major external events.
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A. Bauer, Jacob, and Vladena Bauerová-Hlinková. "Normal Mode Analysis: A Tool for Better Understanding Protein Flexibility and Dynamics with Application to Homology Models." In Homology Molecular Modeling - Perspectives and Applications [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.94139.
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Molecular dynamics (MD) and normal mode analysis (NMA) are very useful methods for characterizing various dynamic aspects of biological macromolecules. In comparison to MD, NMA is computationally less expensive which facilitates the quick and systematic investigation of protein flexibility and dynamics even for large proteins and protein complexes, whose structure was obtained experimentally or in silico. In particular, NMA can be used to describe the flexible states adopted by a protein around an equilibrium position. These states have been repeatedly shown to have biological relevance and functional significance. This chapter briefly characterizes NMA and describes the elastic network model, a schematic model of protein shape used to decrease the computational cost of this method. Finally, we will describe the applications of this technique to several large proteins and their complexes as well as its use in enhancing protein homology modeling.
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Sahu, Himanshu, and Misha Hungyo. "Introduction to SDN and NFV." In Advances in Systems Analysis, Software Engineering, and High Performance Computing, 1–25. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-3640-6.ch001.
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Software defined network (SDN) and Network function virtualization (NFV) are the two new networking paradigms changing the way traditional networks work. SDN works on the concept of centralization so that all the decisions related to controlling the networks is done in a centralized place in a centralized manner. To provide a centralized control, SDN decouples the control plane and data from the traditional routing devices to take it in the centralized position. The data plane is still intact with the routing devices, but they now become mere forwarding devices and the decisions are made at the centralized place called the controller. The controller is basically the x86 server that is connected to the forwarding devices and communicates with them for all control decisions such as routing. NFV is based on virtualization of network functions in the form of software running over a high end server. This kind of virtualization helps in easy setup of networks as well as easy migration.
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Iyengar, Sunil. "Aligning Arts Research with Practitioner Needs." In The Oxford Handbook of Arts and Cultural Management, C46.S1—C46.S6. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780197621615.013.46.
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Abstract For much of the past half century, researchers at the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA) have marshaled statistics about arts “supply and demand” in the United States—one thinks immediately of surveys tracking the public’s arts participation habits, or reports about the artist labor force or arts organizations and industries. A separate focus of NEA research has been to measure the “value and impact” of the arts for individuals and communities. Such studies often use experimental or quasi-experimental methods to understand the relationships between the arts and various outcomes of interest, such as in health, education, or community development. The COVID-19 pandemic’s toll on arts organizations and arts workers has revealed some limitations to this twofold approach. The United States currently lacks a national arts surveillance and reporting system, one with sufficient data streams (approximating real time) that reliably can inform the sector about the health and vitality of its component parts, especially during economic downturns. Also lacking is a national clearinghouse of evidence-based practices that can appeal directly to arts managers. Although the NEA is not in a position to satisfy both needs entirely, the agency’s development of a new strategic plan and research agenda has surfaced themes that will contribute to a far more practitioner-oriented set of research investments than the NEA has made in previous years.
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Crepeau, Richard C. "Labor Conflict." In NFL Football, 135–52. University of Illinois Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5622/illinois/9780252043581.003.0009.
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Two things affected early labor relations in the NFL, a unified ownership hostile to unions and the paternal character of the coach and player relationship. NFL salaries dropped after the merger with the AAFC and stayed depressed in the 1950s. There was an attempt to form a union led by Dante Lavelli of the Browns and Creighton Miller that was basically a failure. While the NFL was losing in court in the Radovich Case and failing to get an anti-trust exemption, NFL Commissioner Bert Bell maneuvered around the NFLPA and the House Judiciary Committee. The coming of the American Football League and Commissioner Pete Rozelle in the Sixties changed the relationship between the NFL and the players. Rozelle fought against the NFLPA under its various leaders, with some success by among other things violating labor law. Bernie Parrish, John Gordy, and John Mackey in turn led the NFLPA with various lawyers serving as director. The coming of Ed Garvey as council and subsequently Executive Director, working with John Mackey, resulted in a major conflict between the NFL and the NFLPA. Several strikes were called and failed and in effect the NFL defeated the NFLPA. Then the players disbanded the NFLPA and turned to the courts for redress where they had some success. The Mackey Case and subsequent collective bargaining agreements were landmarks along the way, but in the end success only came in the courts. Ed Garvey emerged as the prime villain and was under constant attack from the NFL, and in the end he was undermined by the League and by his own errors and resigned his position. For the most part the press supported the NFL against the players and helped turn the fans against the players. Labor turmoil continued and Commissioner Rozelle was incapable of achieving a labor settlement, while Garvey alienated the owners and some of the players. Both had to go before a settlement could be reached. Garvey resigned in June of 1982 following the failed strike. One more strike in 1987 led to Pete Rozelle’s retirement as he was tired of the struggle. The use of strike breakers moved some of the press away from ownership but again the strike failed. When the NFLPA went to court again they found that the courts would not allow them to sue because they were suing over a bargained issue. The result was a decision to decertify the NFLPA and then return to court to sue as individuals. This is where things stood as the Search Committee began looking for a new Commissioner.
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Buzan, Barry, and Evelyn Goh. "Evaluating Northeast Asian History Collectively." In Rethinking Sino-Japanese Alienation, 73–126. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198851387.003.0004.
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Chapter 3 conducts a detailed historical survey of who did what to whom in Northeast Asia since 1840. The focus is on China, Japan, and the West, and the discussion is organized around the explicit set of normative criteria set up in chapter 2. These are applied systematically to both the local and the global stories. The normative framework aims to be broadly acceptable to the peoples in NEA and consists of five criteria: ridding NEA of Western imperialism/hegemony; increasing the absolute and relative wealth and power of NEA states and societies; restoring respect for NEA nations and their rightful place in global international society; promoting respectful relationships with their neighbours on the basis of sovereign and racial equality; and promoting the broadly Confucian ideal of an orderly, peaceful, and harmonious domestic society. The conclusion is that when NEA’s history is seen through these lenses, there are no obvious heroes or villains. Instead, there is a complex and densely connected joint story in which both countries (and also the West and Korea) have deeply mixed records, making positive contributions in some ways and negative ones in others. NEA’s shared story in its dual encounter is much more important than the stories of the individual countries and the local relationships.
Conference papers on the topic "NFA Position"
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Lefort, L., and A. Barthelemy. "Experimental processing of light pulses with quadratic nonlinearity in type II phase-matched conditions: switching, phase modulation, phase conjugation, transistor operation." In Nonlinear Guided Waves and Their Applications. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/nlgw.1998.nfa.1.
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The scope of this paper is to revisit the use of quadratic crystals cut for second harmonic generation (SHG) with type II phase-matching in view of all-optical processing of light signal. The investigations on this topic mainly focused in the past years on the possibilities opened by cascading of quadratic nonlinearities in phase-mismatched conditions [1]. The goal of this paper is to remind the reader that various types of optical processing are achievable with sum and difference frequency generation in phase-matched position without the requirement for cascaded nonlinearities. In a first part we will report few examples of the use of difference frequency generation (or down conversion) for signal processing. In a second part we will show that type II SHG with unbalanced fundamental inputs may lead to coherent amplification or transistor like operation.
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Aneke, Frank Ikechukwu, and Mohamed Mostafa Hassan. "Resilient performance of expansive subgrades stabilized with nanosized and activated fly ash." In 6th International Conference on Road and Rail Infrastructure. University of Zagreb Faculty of Civil Engineering, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5592/co/cetra.2020.1006.
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Subgrades across arid and semi-arid region are known for its random swelling, with high plasticity due to moisture infiltration of the pavement structures. Subgrades materials are significantly influenced by the cahnges in degree of saturation, which is unavoidable. Studies in the past, have reported several positive results on the stabilization of expansive soils with additives like lime, cement, fly ash, etc. In this study, resilient performance of expansive subgrades treated with 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5% and 2.0% of nanosized and activated fly ash (NFA and AFA) is presented. Series of cation exchange capacity tests, zero swelling tests (ZST) and resilient modulus (M_R ) tests were performed to study the effects of NFA and AFA on resilient modulus (M_R) and swelling index of the subgrades material respectively. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) tests was conducted to evaluate the morphological changes in the subgrades, and compounds responsible for resilient strength development. The result showed that, NFA and AFA inclusions in the treatment of expansive subgrades caused an increase in resilient strength and decrease in swelling stress to a limiting stabilizer content of 0.5% and 1.0% beyond which, the resilient modulus values increased triggering a significant decrease in swelling stress. The test result revealed that the reduction was caused by the pozzolanic reaction between the stabilizers and available moisture required for full completion of pozzolanic process. Based on the test result, nano-fly ash exhibite high potential in improving resilient strength and reducing swelling stress to 58.7% and 63% respectively on the average compared to activated fly ash. This study suggest a feasible solution to improve the quality and performance of expansive subgrades.
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Maier, Daniel, Kathrin Frankl, Ronny Blum, Bernd Eissfeller, and Thomas Pany. "Preliminary assessment on the vulnerability of NMA-based Galileo signals for a special class of record & replay spoofing attacks." In 2018 IEEE/ION Position, Location and Navigation Symposium (PLANS). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/plans.2018.8373366.
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Adkins, John G. "The Modernization of Quality Assurance Requirements." In 17th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone17-76009.
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In 2009 the United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) will issue Regulatory Guide 1.28 [1] endorsing the Nuclear Quality Assurance (NQA) Standard, NQA-1-2008 Edition with NQA-1a-2009 Addenda [2] as the appropriate quality assurance (QA) requirements for the design, construction and operation of new and existing U.S. nuclear generating facilities. This endorsement will change the U.S. regulatory QA position from NQA-1-1994 and incorporate 15 years of quality experience, lessons learned, technology enhancements and regulatory changes. This regulatory position change will subsequently be included in a revision to the NRC’s NUREG-0800, Standard Review Plan (SRP) 17.5, Quality Assurance Program Description – Design Certification, Early Site Permit and New License Applicants [3]. The Nuclear Energy Institute’s NEI 06-14A, Quality Assurance Program Description (QAPD) [4], which provides a generic QA template for use by new generation early site permit and combined license applicants for implementing QA regulatory requirements of SRP 17.5 will subsequently be revised to document the new regulatory position for the use of NQA-1a-2009. These new quality requirements will be passed on by the utilities constructing new generating facilities to the both U.S. and international suppliers, thus changing the basis of QA requirements for the nuclear industry. The NQA-1 Standard is a four-part criteria standard that provides quality requirements and acceptance criteria for the implementation of a nuclear facility quality assurance program. Part I describes the basic QA program elements and Part II provides requirements for specialized support and application activities for design, construction and operations. Part III contains guidance that support Parts I and II, and Part IV provides guidance for comparison of NQA-1 with other quality standards. This paper will focus on the background of the quality changes included in the endorsement on NQA-1-2008 with the NQA-1a-2009 Addenda and provide a detailed discussion of the following major changes: • Facility configuration control – measures to ensure changes that may affect the approved facility configuration are recognized and processed. • Engineering interface controls – controls to ensure interfaces for design changes are established among design organizations. • Software design controls – alternate design measures specifically for software design to ensure design input, design processes, verification and change control are appropriately performed. • Software application requirements – controls for the software engineering requirements for the acquisition, development, operation, maintenance, and retirement of software. • Electronic records – controls that address use of electronic media for QA record activities. • Commercial grade items – a composite document of criteria for the identification and dedication of commercial grade items and services. • Clarifications for consistency of basic QA requirements – areas in the Standard where the QA text needed to be return to basic principles and to add clarification to ensure national and international consistent application.
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Rosenbluth, A. E., T. Brunner, and D. Flagello. "Optical lithography as the N.A. = 1 limit approaches." In OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1992.mvv3.
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As lithographic numerical apertures reach 0.5, we are halfway towards an ultimate limit of sorts. Unlike the once touted "1 μm barrier," the N.A. = 1 limit has physical meaning. Though still somewhat distant, its practical effect is to increase the cost of each incremental improvement in resolution. We will also face new image formation effects in the high-N.A. regime. Defocus tolerances will be tighter than the paraxial λ/(N.A.)2 scaling. Polarization in lithographic printers will cause image asymmetries. Rising N.A. costs stimulate interest in strategic manipulation of image formation within constrained N.A. Most proposals involve removal of light from the center of the pupil, producing an angular spectrum more concentrated in oblique k z , components. This improves focal tolerances by reducing relative dephasing during z propagation. Edge slopes are also sharpened, at the cost of reduced image fidelity due to accentuated bipolar amplitude lobes. "Soft image manipulation techniques" attempt to hold these lobes below the resist threshold. "Hard techniques" attempt instead to precisely match positive and negative lobes, if pattern topology permits, thereby exploiting the 2× higher bandwidth of the intensity image over the amplitude image. The phase tilt from oblique illumination can also provide approximate positive/negative phase coloring, if additional negative phase is added to balance positive and negative lobes. Segmentation of the pattern in separate exposures can provide needed flexibility. All such techniques possess numerous practical difficulties. Moreover, there is a limit to the image sharpness that can be produced from fixed N.A. There is no full substitute for continued improvements in lens resolution, despite the increasing cost.
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MacCready, T., T. Zambrano, and B. D. Hibbs. "Generating Power From Ocean Waves Using a Float With Excessive Buoyancy: Theory and Dynamic Model Results." In ASME 2003 22nd International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2003-37059.
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We are exploring a new approach to ocean energy extraction through a device that we refer to as the NAF (an acronym for Non-Archimedean Float). The NAF is a fully submerged body with excess buoyancy; i.e., the mass of the body is far less than the mass of the water it displaces. When such a float is tethered beneath the ocean surface the buoyancy yields a large force vector in the direction perpendicular to the isobaric surfaces that parallel the water/air interface. The constant shifting of the wave troughs provides the opportunity for energy extraction using turbines affixed to the float. We are exploring the NAF concept because its simplicity results in many inherent benefits. The device has few moving parts, gathers energy from waves coming in any direction, and exists as a non-obtrusive, completely submerged installation. A numerical model of the NAF has been created to determine the dynamic behavior and power output for various configurations and under various wave conditions. The numerical model is set up to calculate the various forces experienced by the NAF float, and from these it calculates the velocity and position of the float through time series steps. The model effectively demonstrates which variables are important and how power output relates to NAF dimensions. One early finding from the model result relates to tuning the natural frequency of the NAF to match the natural frequency of the waves. The NAF moves like an inverted pendulum, and its natural frequency is primarily dependent on the length of the pendulum. Regardless of the actual float buoyancy, the 6 to 12 second periods that typify average wave conditions dictate that the NAF tether should be between 30-m and 60-m long. Also, a scale version of this novel energy device consisting of a float tethered beneath the ocean surface was deployed off the coast of southern California. The deployment yielded rich data sequences that are sufficient for comparison with a dynamic numerical model.
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Bardal, A. B. "THE IMPACT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON THE EAST OF RUSSIA TRANSPORT SYSTEM FUNCTIONING." In SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF THE RUSSIAN EAST: NEW CHALLENGES AND STRATEGIC GUIDELINES. Khabarovsk: KSUEL Editorial and Publishing Center, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.38161/978-5-7823-0746-2-2021-11-18.
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The transport system of the Far East has an important role in the functioning of the socio-economic system of the region. The importance of transport in the Far East is determined by the following factors: a significant area of territory, a high level of localization of economic activities, uneven spatial development of transport infrastructure, the border position of the macro-region relative to key NEA countries. The growth of freight transport of certain modes of transport (rail, sea) is determined by the servicing of transit flows of Russian raw materials (coal) to the NEA countries even during the pandemic COVID-19. The decline in the passenger sector of the transport system of the east of the country under the restrictions of 2020 was not as significant as in Russia as a whole.
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Li, Chengxiang, and Lin Cui. "A Novel NFV Schedule Optimization Approach with Sensitivity to Packets Dropping Positions." In PODC '18: ACM Symposium on Principles of Distributed Computing. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3229774.3229778.
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Zhao, Yixin, and Sara Behdad. "Electric Vehicle Battery Simulation: How Electrode Porosity and Thickness Impact Cost and Performance." In ASME 2021 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2021-71511.
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Abstract Lithium-ion batteries almost exclusively power today’s electric vehicles (EVs). Cutting battery costs is crucial to the promotion of EVs. This paper aims to develop potential solutions to lower the cost and improve battery performance by investigating its design variables: positive electrode porosity and thickness. The open-access lithium-ion battery design and cost model (BatPac) from the Argonne National Laboratory of the United States Department of Energy, has been used for the analyses. Six pouch battery systems with different positive materials are compared in this study (LMO, LFP, NMC 532/LMO, NMC 622, NMC 811, and NCA). Despite their higher positive active material price, nickel-rich batteries (NMC 622, NMC 811, and NCA) present a cheaper total pack cost per kilowatt-hour than other batteries. The higher thickness and lower porosity can reduce the battery cost, enhance the specific energy, lower the battery mass but increase the performance instability. The reliability of the results in this study is proven by comparing estimated and actual commercial EV battery parameters. In addition to the positive electrode thickness and porosity, six other factors that affect the battery’s cost and performance have been discussed. They include energy storage, negative electrode porosity, separator thickness and porosity, and negative and positive current collector thickness.
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Wang, Zhihua, Daniel Newton, Aqib Qureshi, Yoshito Uchiyama, Georgina Corona, and Hamza Ashraf. "Innovative Washpipe Free Circulating ICD Delivers Reduced Well Construction Costs." In SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/206209-ms.
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Abstract This Extended Reach Drilling (ERD) field re-development of a giant offshore field in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) requires in most cases extremely long laterals to reach the defined reservoir targets. However, certain areas of the field show permeability and / or pressure variations along the horizontal laterals. This heterogeneity requires an inflow control device (ICD) lower completion liner to deliver the required well performance that will adequately produce and sweep the reservoir. The ICD lower completion along with the extremely long laterals means significant time is spent switching the well from reservoir drilling fluid (RDF) non-aqueous fluid (NAF) to an aqueous completion brine. To reduce the amount of rig time spent on the displacement portion of the completion phase, an innovative technology was developed to enable the ICDs to be run in hole in a closed position and enable circulating through the end of the liner. The technology uses a dissolvable material, which is installed in the ICD to temporarily plug it. The dissolvable material is inert to the RDF NAF while the ICDs are run into hole, and then dissolves in brine after the well is displaced from RDF NAF to completion brine, changing the ICDs from closed to an open position. The ability to circulate through the end of the liner, with the support of the plugged ICDs, when the lower completion is deployed and at total depth (TD), enables switching the well from RDF NAF drilling fluid to an aqueous completion brine without the associated rig time of the original displacement method. The technique eliminates the use of a dedicated inner displacement string and allows for the displacement to be performed with the liner running string, saving 4-5 days per well. An added bonus is that the unique design allowed for this feature to be retrofitted to existing standard ICDs providing improved inventory control. In this paper the authors will demonstrate the technology and system developed to perform this operation, as well as the qualification testing, field installations, and lessons learned that were required to take this solution from concept to successful performance improvement initiative.
Reports on the topic "NFA Position"
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Kwesiga, Victoria, Zita Ekeocha, Stephen Robert Byrn, and Kari L. Clase. Compliance to GMP guidelines for Herbal Manufacturers in East Africa: A Position Paper. Purdue University, November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317428.
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With the global increase in the use of traditional and complementary remedies for the prevention and treatment of illness, the quality and safety of these medicines have become a significant concern for all regulatory authorities. Herbal medicines are the most commonly used form of traditional and complementary medicines in the world and the efficacy and safety of herbal medicines, like conventional medicines, largely depends on their quality from planting to harvesting, preprocessing and final processing. Due to the inherent complexity of herbal medicines, often containing an array of active compounds, the primary processing of herbal medicines has a direct influence on their quality. Quality concerns are the reason why the medicines regulatory agencies insist that manufacturers of medicines strictly follow Good Manufacturing Practices since it is an essential tool to prevent instances of contamination, mix-ups, deviations, failures and errors. However, a strict application of GMP requirements is expensive and would drive the prices of the manufactured products up. As a result, a maturity level grading of facilities is proposed as a way of justifying the costs incurred for manufacturers desiring to reach a broader market and investing in continuous improvement. 36 Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) inspection reports of local herbal manufacturers conducted by National Drug Authority were analyzed to establish the type and extent of deficiencies to GMP requirements for local herbal manufacturers in Uganda. The different GMP chapters and related sub-parameters constituted the variables used for the analysis of conformity to requirements. The primary outcome variable was the conclusion regarding compliance or noncompliance of the inspected local herbal manufacturing facility. GMP parameters that were frequently defaulted by local herbal manufacturers and the corresponding frequencies were identified. The Pearson Chi-square test was applied independently on each category to find the association that existed between conformity and the questions in each category. Only 22% (8) of the 30 inspected facilities were found to comply with GMP requirements, as per National Drug Authority (NDA) guidelines; while the majority of the facilities, 28 (78%), were found not to comply. Of the facilities inspected, 25 were undergoing GMP inspection for the first time. A total of 1,236 deficiency observations were made in the 36 inspection reports reviewed for the study. The mean for all deficiencies was 34.3, and the standard deviation was 15.829. 91.5% of the facilities did not have mechanisms for a record of market complaints; 80.9% did not meet documentation requirements; 78.9% did not have quality control measures in place, and 65.7% did not meet stores requirements. By encouraging a culture of self/voluntary improvement through the introduction of listing of manufacturers based on a maturity level grading, the National Drug Authority will improve the Herbal Medicines sector as per the mandate of improving the herbal medicine industry. Also, increased sensitization of all relevant stakeholders regarding the requirements for GMP should be intensified.
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Budunova, Irina V. Constitutive Activation of NF-kappaB in Prostate Carcinoma Cells Through a Positive Feedback Loop: Implication of Inducible IKK-Related Kinase (IKKi). Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada435282.
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Budunova, Irina. Constitutive Activation of NF-Kb in Prostate Carcinoma Cells through a Positive Feedback Loop: Implication of Inducible IKK-Related Kinase (Ikki). Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada572624.
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Budunova, Irina V. Constitutive Activation of NF-kappaB in Prostate Carcinoma Cells Through a Positive Feedback Loop: Implication of Inducible IKK-Related Kinase (IKKi). Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada462944.
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Budunova, Irina V. Constitutive Activation of NF-KB in Prostate Carcinoma Cells Through a Positive Feedback Loop: Implication of Inducible IKK-Related Kinase (IKKi). Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada465245.
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Corriveau-Bourque, Alexandre, Alphonse Maindo, Maitre Augustin Mpoyi, Paul De Wit, René Oyono, and Séverin Mugangu. Étude de Référence sur la Tenure en République Démocratique du Congo. Rights and Resources Initiative, May 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.53892/xwyg1459.
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Dans la configuration des démembrements de l’État central en République Démocratique du Congo, la Province occupe une position cardinale. Ce qui suit est une note synthétique des analyses menées entre 2012 et 2014 dans le cadre de l’Étude de Référence sur la Tenure dans huit des provinces de la RD Cong. L’analyse a été faite avant le découpage provincial de 2015, et donc les informations présentées dans le présent document se rapportent aux anciennes provinces et pas aux nouvelles. Les analyses au niveau des provinces offrent une perspective sur les vastes différences culturelles, environnementales, économiques et administratives du pays qui influencent la gestion des terres et autres ressources naturelles. L’objectif de l’analyse provinciale était de tester et vérifier des hypothèses faites dans les analyses thématiques qui ont une perspective nationale. Les huit provinces couvertes pas l’étude sont : Bas-Congo (renommé Kongo Central), Bandundu, Équateur, Kasaï Occidental, Orientale, Nord Kivu, Sud Kivu, et Katanga. Puisque l’Étude de Référence portait sur des espaces ruraux, la Province de Kinshasa a été exclue de l’analyse. Pour des raisons de logistique et de finance, aucune information n’a pu être recueillie par rapport à la province du Maniema et à l’ancienne province du Kasaï Oriental.
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Corlin Christensen, Rasmus, Martin Hearson, and Tovony Randriamanalina. Une tablée plus grande, mais toujours le même menu ? Evaluer l’inclusion des pays en développement dans les négociations fiscales mondiales. Institute of Development Studies, December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ictd.2020.006.
Full textAbstract:
Depuis 2013, la structure officielle de l’organe de décision sur les politiques fiscales mondiales au niveau de l’OCDE a changé. Les décisions ne sont plus prises par les 37 membres de l’OCDE, mais par 137 pays représentant toutes les régions du monde et tous les niveaux de développement à travers le ‘cadre inclusif’. Les documents officiels insistent sur le fait que tous les pays participent sur un pied d’égalité, mais certains participants et observateurs ont souligné que les pays en développement se heurtent à des obstacles d’ordre pratique qui engendrent, dans les faits, une participation inégale. Dans cette publication, nous évaluons ces déclarations principalement à partir de 48 interviews menées avec des négociateurs, des décideurs politiques et autres acteurs impliqués dans les discussions mondiales sur la fiscalité. Nous observons que l’explosion du nombre des adhésions formelles des pays en développement n’a pas suscité un changement radical sur l’influence des ces derniers. Ce que les chiffres bruts laissaient présager. Nous observons que l’explosion du nombre d’adhésions formelles n’a pas suscité le changement radical dans l’influence des pays en développement que les chiffres bruts laissaient présager. Cela s’explique par une combinaison d’obstacles structurels non spécifiques au cadre inclusif et d’aspects problématiques dans le mode de fonctionnement de l’OCDE. À ce jour, les pays à faible revenu ont tout de même obtenu quelques modestes résultats et on observe les signes d’un acheminement progressif vers une présence plus efficiente. Nous développons une typologie de mécanismes ayant engendré des résultats positifs : l’association avec les efforts des États plus puissants, l’anticipation des besoins des pays à faible revenu par le secrétariat de l’OCDE et par d’autres entités, la collaboration pour former des coalitions plus puissantes, et l’émergence de négociateurs experts ayant une autorité individuelle.
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Gordon, Dalia, Ke Dong, and Michael Gurevitz. Unexpected Specificity of a Sea Anemone Small Toxin for Insect Na-channels and its Synergic Effects with Various Insecticidal Ligands: A New Model to Mimic. United States Department of Agriculture, November 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2010.7697114.bard.
Full textAbstract:
Motivated by the high risks to the environment and human health imposed by the current overuse of chemical insecticides we offer an alternative approach for the design of highly active insect-selective compounds that will be based on the ability of natural toxins to differentiate between insect and mammalian targets. We wish to unravel the interacting surfaces of insect selective toxins with their receptor sites on voltage-gated sodium channels. In this proposal we put forward two recent observations that may expedite the development of a new generation of insect killers that mimic the highly selective insecticidal toxins: (i) A small (27aa) highly insecticidal sea anemone toxin, Av3, whose toxicity to mammals is negligible; (ii) The prominent positive cooperativity between distinct channel ligands, such as the strong enhancement of pyrethroids effects by anti-insect selective scorpion depressant toxins. We possess a repertoire of insecticidal toxins and sodium channel subtypes all available in recombinant form for mutagenesis followed by analysis of various pharmacological, electrophysiological, and structural methods. Our recent success to express Av3 provides for the first time a selective toxin for receptor site-3 on insect sodium channels. In parallel, our recent success to determine the structures and bioactive surfaces of insecticidal site-3 and site-4 toxins establishes a suitable system for elucidation of toxin-receptor interacting faces. This is corroborated by our recent identification of channel residues involved with these two receptor sites. Our specific aims in this proposal are to (i) Determine the bioactive surface of Av3 toward insect Na-channels; (ii) Identify channel residues involved in binding or activity of the insecticidal toxins Av3 and LqhaIT, which differ substantially in their potency on mammals; (iii) Illuminate channel residues involved in recognition by the anti-insect depressant toxins; (iv) Determine the face of interaction of both site-3 (Av3) and site-4 (LqhIT2) toxins with insect sodium channels using thermodynamic mutant cycle analysis; and, (v) Examine whether Av3, LqhIT2, pyrethroids, and indoxacarb (belongs to a new generation of insecticides), enhance allosterically the action of one another on the fruit fly and cockroach paraNa-channels and on their kdr and super-kdr mutants. This research establishes the grounds for rational design of novel anti-insect peptidomimetics with minimal impact on human health, and offers a new approach in insect pest control, whereby a combination of allosterically interacting compounds increases insecticidal action and reduces risks of resistance buildup.