Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'NF-E2'
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Bogeska, Ruzhica [Verfasser], and Heike L. [Akademischer Betreuer] Pahl. "Biological effects of NF-E2 overexpression in hematopoietic stem cells = Biologische Effekte der NF-E2 Überexpression in hämatopoietischen Stammzellen." Freiburg : Universität, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1114669725/34.
Full textGothwal, Monika [Verfasser], and Heike L. [Akademischer Betreuer] Pahl. "Characterization of a mouse model overexpressing transcription factor NF-E2 = Characterisierung eines Maus Modell mit einer Überexpression von NF-E2." Freiburg : Universität, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1123471118/34.
Full textFock, Ee-Ling Clinical School St George Hospital Faculty of Medicine UNSW. "Molecular regulation and enhancement of megakaryopoiesis and thrombopoiesis by the p45 subunit of NF-E2." Publisher:University of New South Wales. Clinical School - St George Hospital, 2008. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/42885.
Full textDevidal, Audrey. "Mécanismes et fonctions du ciblage centrométrique de NF-E2p18/MafK, sous-unité du facteur transcriptionnel érythroide NF-E2." Paris 7, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA077133.
Full textJutzi, Jonas Samuel [Verfasser], and Heike L. [Akademischer Betreuer] Pahl. "Mutationen im Transkriptionsfaktor NF-E2 und deren Rolle in der Entwicklung myeloproliferativer Neoplasien." Freiburg : Universität, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1123478228/34.
Full textHadlich, Tobias [Verfasser], and Heike L. [Akademischer Betreuer] Pahl. "Der Transkriptionsfaktor NF-E2 und seine Rolle in der Pathogenese myeloproliferativer Erkrankungen in vivo." Freiburg : Universität, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1123473684/34.
Full textChan, Kaimin, and 陳繼明. "Isolation and characterization of NRF2: a member of the NF-E2 family of transcription factors." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1997. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31235566.
Full textChan, Kaimin. "Isolation and characterization of NRF2 : a member of the NF-E2 family of transcription factors /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1997. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B19739989.
Full textDEVEAUX, SOPHIE. "Regulation des genes specifiques des megacaryocytes : role des facteurs de transcription gata, ets et nf-e2." Paris 6, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA066462.
Full textKaufmann, Kai Björn [Verfasser], and Heike L. [Akademischer Betreuer] Pahl. "Überexpression des Transkriptionsfaktors NF-E2 in vivo, Etablierung eines neuen Modells zur Untersuchung und Therapie myeloproliferativer Neoplasien." Freiburg : Universität, 2012. http://d-nb.info/112346992X/34.
Full textPoindessous-Jazat, Virginie. "Différenciation et apoptose des cellules érythroleucémiques de Friend : implication des facteurs transcriptionnels NF-E2 et C-JUN." Paris 5, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA055019.
Full textMarx, Jan Philipp [Verfasser], and Heike L. [Akademischer Betreuer] Pahl. "Der Transkriptionsfaktor NF-E2 und seine Rolle in der Pathogenese eines Phänotyps in der Milz im myeloproliferativen Mausmodell in vivo." Freiburg : Universität, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1119805317/34.
Full textCartel, Maëlle. "Fonctions et régulations de la kinase CHK1 dans l'hématopoïèse normale et leucémique." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOU30150.
Full textThe protein Checkpoint kinase 1 (CHK1) acts as a double agent. Indeed, CHK1 is a key player in the cell cycle, both in a normal cellular context and stress conditions such as DNA damage. The goal of my PhD project was to evaluate the functions and regulation of this protein in these two contexts, working on normal and leukemic hematopoiesis. Several studies have already described a role of CHK1 in normal hematopoiesis, but the mechanisms behind the importance of CHK1 in differentiation, particularly in megakaryopoiesis, remain to be elucidated. In addition, CHK1 has proven to be important in Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML), particularly in the context of resistance to chemotherapy. To better understand the biology of AML, and identify ways to target CHK1, it is necessary to decipher how this kinase is regulated in this context. These two axes have been the backbone of my thesis work, which aims to better define the CHK1 kinase role in these two cellular contexts. It highlights a role for CHK1 in normal megakaryopoiesis, possibly by regulating the activity of the NF-E2 transcription factor. In addition, in the context of Acute Myeloid Leukemia, this work identifies the USP7 deubiquitynase as a major regulator of CHK1 protein levels in AML, and as a new interesting therapeutic target in this pathology
Hariton, Florence A. G. "Anti-stress gene response in cell and tissue ageing : role of transcription factor NF-E2-related factor-2 and effect of dietary activators." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2014. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/66553/.
Full textMuller, Mandy. "Comparative mapping of E2-host interactions unravels new roles of E2 in human papillomavirus-induced pathogenesis." Paris 7, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA077137.
Full textHPV are associated with latent infections, benign hyperplasia or even cancer. To better understand HPV pathogenesis, we comparatively mapped the interaction networks of the regulatory protein E2 from 12 HPV genotypes. By yeast two-hybrid, we identified E2's potential interactors. This was followed by a validation sep in mammalian cells by a method based on luciferase complementation. Clustering of interaction profiles showed a correlation with HPV phylogeny, demonstrating E2's contribution to the HPV-associated pathogenesis. Analysis of E2's interaction network revealed a preferential targeting of cellular hub proteins involved in 5 main functional families, reflecting E2's primary functions but also unraveling potential new roles of E2 in viral infection. The second part of this work was dedicated to the study of a specific interaction between E2 from HPV16, the most represented HPV in cervical cancer, and a cellular protein, CCHCR1. We showed that CCHCR1 interferes with the binding of BRD4 to E2, resulting in a decrease in E2-dependent transcription. CCHCR1 also induces a relocalization of E2 into the cytoplasm instead of the nucleus. Finally, our results indicate that in presence of CCHR1, E2 is a less potent activator of keratinocyte differentiation, which could potentially impact the HPV life cycle
Frias, Daniela Perroni. "Participação do Nrf2 no processo de autofagia de células de brônquios humanos expostas ao material particulado de diesel." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5160/tde-20032019-101342/.
Full textDiesel Exhaust Particles (DEPs) are main sources of daily inhaled particles, responsible for generating reactive oxygen species in the respiratory system, and causing the cells to activate defense mechanisms, such as the Keap1-Nrf2 system and autophagy. In order to investigate the role of Nrf2 in Dep-induced autophagy, BEAS-2B cells collected directly from a diesel engine were exposed to DEP and treated with sulforaphane, bafilomycin and BESS to test the relationship between autophagic and antioxidant pathways. The relative amount of mRNA was verified by RT-PCR for the following genes: Nrf2, NQO1, HO-1, p62, Atg5 and LCB3. Next, BEAS-2B cells were transfected with silencer RNA (siRNA) specific to Nrf2, exposed or not to DEPs (10 and 50 micro g/mL 1h and 2hs), and mRNA detected by RT-PCR and Western blotting for protein. Bafilomycin ( autophagy inhibitor) showed a significant decrease in the antioxidant markers Nrf2 (p=0.024), HO-1 (p = 0.002) and NQO1 (p = 0.003), whereas sulforaphane (Nrf2 activator) increased the expression levels of autophagic markers LC3B (p=0.004) and Atg5 (p=0.007). BEAS-2B exposed to DEP at a concentration of 50 micro g/mL for 2hs showed a significant increase in autophagic genes LC3B (p=0.018) and p62 (p=0.007),and in the antioxidant pathway markers Nrf2 (p=0.007) and NQO1 (p=0.025). There was a significant decrease in mRNA of the LC3B (p < 0.001), p62 (p=0.001) and Atg5 (p=0.024) in cells transfected with siRNA, exposed or not to DEP. Western blotting showed a reduction of Nrf2, p62 and LC3II proteins in BEAS-2B transfected with siRNA, indicating that Nrf2 silencedexposed to DEP modulated the expression of autophagy markers (R < 1). The results of this study show that, in bronchial cells exposed to DEP, the Nrf2 system and autophagy work together in order to try to maintain cellular homeostasis
Lee, Jinju. "IL-23 generates pathogenic Th17 cells by triggering T cell-intrinsic prostaglandin E2-EP2/4 signaling." Kyoto University, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/235123.
Full textFrancastel, Claire. "Etude du blocage de la differenciation erythroide des cellules leucemiques de friend. Role du protooncogene c-jun et de son interaction avec le facteur transcriptionnel nf-e2." Paris 6, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA066324.
Full textLi, Xuchu. "Crystal structure of the kelch domain of human keap1." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/5828.
Full textThe entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
Berthe, Julie. "Rôle de la protéine immuno-régulatrice PD-L1 sur le métabolisme des cellules tumorales." Thesis, Lille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LIL2S006.
Full textEvolving to a neoplastic state, normal cells acquire many characteristics; indeed, tumor cells follow abnormal metabolic pathways and exhibit the ability to avoid immune destruction, partly by exploiting immune checkpoints. Many of these are currently under clinical investigation for new cancer treatments, notably the PD-1/PD-L1 axis.Programmed Death-Ligand 1 (PD-L1) molecule belongs to the B7 immunoregulatory proteins family and was originally described as mediating tumor immuno-escape through interaction with its receptor PD-1 on T cells. Associated with poor cancer outcome, aberrant PD-L1 expression has been observed in hematologic malignancies and in multiple solid tumor types. Actually, this protein has been shown to regulate tumor cell proliferation and resistance to chemotherapy through apoptosis inhibition, without interacting with PD-1. However, cellular mechanisms modulated by PD-L1 and involved in these functions are still unclear. Abnormal metabolic pathways are known for contributing to tumor growth and therapy resistance; therefore, the objective of my PhD thesis was to investigate the impact of PD-L1 in breast cancer cell metabolic reprogramming.Using genome editing, we knocked-out the CD274 gene encoding PD-L1 in breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 and investigated metabolic functions after PD-L1 overexpression in the same cells. We observed that PD-L1 induces a shift from oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis, indicating this molecule promotes the Warburg effect in these tumor cells. To validate PD-L1 metabolic reprogramming, we performed metabolomic profiling that highlighted significantly increased levels of glycolysis intermediated such as F6P, F1,6P, GAP, DHAP, PEP and pyruvate in PD-L1-expressing cells, confirming our latter results. Moreover, in agreement with an increasing mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, transcriptomic study suggested that PD-L1 represses NRF2-mediated oxidative stress response pathway, especially NQO2, GSTM3 and ABCC2 genes. Furthermore, in silico analysis of breast cancer patients databases highlighted a correlation between PD-L1/CD274 gene and oxidative stress gene signature (GSTM3; CYBB) or glucose transporters genes (SLC2A1; SLC2A3) expressions, supporting our results. Besides, glucose is mostly used by cancer cells to favor biosynthesis of diverse biomolecules required for cellular proliferation; the above results could explain our human breast cancer cells xenograft experiments in Nude mice demonstrating that PD-L1 increases tumoreginicity.Thus, the work presented in this thesis evidences novel PD-L1 intrinsic tumor-promoting functions, suggesting that therapeutic agents inhibiting these mechanisms would be promising for breast cancer treatment
Lahlil, Rachid. "Facteurs de transcription et differenciation erythroide de la lignee leucemique humaine k562 : modulation de gata-1, gata-2 et nf-e2 par un inhibiteur (azt) ou par une strategie sens et antisens." Reims, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997REIMP206.
Full textAli, Malika. "Effets des activateurs pharmacologiques de Nrf2 sur la réponse antioxydante et anti-inflammatoire dans le macrophage humain Comparative effectiveness of 5 natural and chemical activators of Nrf2 on inflammation, oxidative stress, macrophage polarization, and bactericidal activity in an in vitro macrophage infection model Sulforaphane reduces intracellular survival of Staphylococcus aureus in macrophages through inhibition of JNK and p38 MAPK-induced inflammation." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLV100.
Full textState of the question: Respiratory infections are important in exacerbations in chronic respiratory diseases (COPD, asthma, respiratory failure of neuromuscular diseases). These exacerbations lead to increased morbidity and mortality, a deterioration in the quality of life and an increase in health spending. In direct contact with the external environment, the respiratory tract and lungs are the primary target of airborne contaminants such as oxidants from air pollutants and microbial agents. Inflammatory cells (macrophages and neutrophils) react to microbial attack by increasing their production of oxidants. Excess oxidants well known bactericidal effect but can lead to cell death of the respiratory system, including apoptosis. To address this oxidative stress, the host cells activate many antioxidant defenses of which is the signaling cascade controlled by the Nrf2 transcription factor (Nuclear factor Erythroid 2-related factor 2). Nrf2 plays a crucial role in the induction of the expression of numerous genes encoding phase II enzymes such as heme oxygenase 1, glutathione S-transferase, catalase, superoxide dismutase, NADPH quinone oxidoreductase and epoxide hydrolase. These enzymes may be involved in anti-inflammatory responses, antioxidant and cytoprotective. Under normal conditions, Nrf2 is sequestered in the cytoplasm by the inhibitor Keap1 (Kelch-like Ech-associated protein 1) where it is rapidly degraded by the proteasome. In the presence of oxidative stress, Nrf2 is released and translocates into the nucleus, where it heterodimerizes with its co-factors and binds to the regulatory sequences ARE (for antioxidant responsive element) located in the promoters of more than one hundred genes including those coding for the phase II enzymes. We have shown a link between the activated reduction of Nrf2 and the decrease in the expression of phase II enzymes in alveolar macrophages from patients with post-smoking pulmonary emphysema. This deficit may be associated with a greater cell sensitivity to microbial infections. However, several studies have shown that Nrf2 signaling pathway may play a beneficial role as well as deleterious during infections. Recently, we have demonstrated an increase in macrophage bactericidal derivatives THP1 line after processing by Nrf2 activator. Under these conditions, activation of the signaling pathways controlled by Nrf2 and p38 resulted in cellular apoptosis and a decrease in bacterial growth in macrophages. The main objective of this thesis project is to determine the therapeutic value of the modulation of Nrf2 signaling pathway in respiratory diseases, using pharmacological and non-pharmacological activators. The project's objectives : - Characterize in vitro and in vivo effects of molecular, cellular and physiological modulation of Nrf2 by pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments; - Understanding the mechanisms involved in the immune response of macrophages after activation of the Nrf2 signaling pathway. strategies: 1. Use of cell and mouse models (mouse Nrf2 - / -) after bacterial infection 2. Using molecular techniques, cellular and physiological
Apopa, Patrick L. "Molecular mechanisms of nuclear factor-erythroid-2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) regulation phosphorylation by casein kinase 2 (CK2) and interaction with proto-oncogene N-Myc in neuroblastoma cells /." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2007. https://eidr.wvu.edu/etd/documentdata.eTD?documentid=5146.
Full textTitle from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains vi, 130 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references.
Corssac, Giana Blume. "Efeitos do sulforafano em parâmetros de estresse oxidativo em cultura de cardiomiócitos adultos." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/165287.
Full textSulforaphane (SFN) is a natural compound that has antioxidant properties, mainly stimulating the endogenous cellular antioxidant system. This compound is associated with a classical pathway of activation, the nuclear erythroid factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway. However, more recent studies have shown that the action of SFN can also occur through the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α). The difference in the pathway of activation by SFN seems to be related to the time of exposure of the cells to this compound. Since SFN is an important therapeutic strategy in the fight against oxidative stress, which is related to the development of various cardiovascular diseases, the investigation of its mechanism of action is necessary. In vitro analysis is an important tool for investigating the pathways and incubation times involved in the antioxidant action of SFN. Thus, a primary culture of adult mouse cardiomyocytes is one of the models that can be used, the main advantage being that the physiology of these cells are closer to the physiological conditions in vivo. The objective of this study was to use adult cardiomyocyte culture technique to analyze the stimulation of antioxidant defenses by SFN through Nrf2 and PGC-1α pathways at different times. Male Wistar rats were euthanized, so that their hearts were removed and submitted to the process of isolation of cardiac cells, in modified Langendorff apparatus. Cells were isolated by perfusion of the heart with Krebs solution and type II collagenase for a period of 30 minutes. After that, the isolated cells were plated and incubated at 37°C and 5% CO2. Treatment was performed with 5μM SFN and/or 5μM hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Cells were divided into the following experimental groups: Control, SFN, H2O2 and SFN+H2O2. The groups were subdivided into two incubation times: 1 and 24 hours. Analyzes of total oxygen reactive species (ROS) and lipoperoxidation (LPO) levels were performed; activity of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione s-transferase (GST); protein expression of citosolic (SOD-1) and mitochondrial (SOD-2) isoforms of SOD, as well as Nrf2 and PGC-1α factors. The results of this work show that, compared to 1 hour time, SFN incubated for 24 hours increased SOD activity by 59%, SOD-1 protein expression by 55%, SOD-2 protein expression by 24%, and 69% PGC-1α protein expression. Expression of Nrf2 was 17% higher at 1 hour, over 24 hours of incubation. Regarding catalase activity and ROS and LPO levels, there were differences only in the groups incubated for 1 hour, in which the CAT activity was lower in H2O2 group, the ROS levels were decreased in SFN group, and levels of LPO were higher in H2O2 group. No differences were found in relation to GST activity. In summary, SFN demonstrated a protective role in 1 hour groups, preventing generation of ROS and lipid damage, although it does not present an expressive effect on the expression of antioxidant enzymes. The effect of incubation times on expression of Nrf2 (increased by 1 hour) and PGC-1α (increased by 24 hours) showed that there is actually a temporal relationship between the signaling of these two pathways, activated by SFN. This result is instigating for future analyzes of this temporal relationship of SFN pathways to be performed.
Cabrié, Aimeric. "Coopération entre les isoformes TAp73 et la signalisation TGF-β dans la régulation de l'expression de la NO Synthase inductible." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLS397/document.
Full textNitric oxide (NO) is a gaseous molecule synthesized from L-arginine by Nitric Oxide Synthases. NO acts as a potent signaling molecule in various physiological processes like vasorelaxation and neurotransmission. It modulates the activity of many proteins (e.g. soluble guanylate cyclase and ribonucleotide reductase) through nitrosylation of thiol moieties or transition metal ions. As a free radical, NO can also react with a number of cellular species, notably molecular oxygen, to form reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species. Thanks to these properties, NO appears as a major component of innate immune response and inflammation. Phagocytes produce large amounts of NO in response to proinflammatory through inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase (iNOS) activity. Because of the harmful effects of NO derivatives on cellular components, iNOS activity needs to be tightly regulated. The p53 tumor suppressor has been shown to repress Nos2 after being activated by NO itself. The p73 protein is an homologous encoded by the TP73 gene that generate transcriptionally active TAp73 isoforms and ΔNp73 isoforms that lack the transactivation domain and exert a dominant negative effect. This study focuses on the role of TAp73 isoforms in regulation of iNOS expression. We demonstrate that TAp73 isoforms potentiate the repressive effect of TGF-β on iNOS expression at transcriptional and post-traductional levels, resulting in a substantial iNOS overexpression in TAp73-/- cells. These results emphasize the emerging role of p53 family as a master regulator of TGF-β functions
El, ali Zeina. "Rôle du facteur de transcription Nrf2 dans le contrôle de l'allergie cutanée en réponse aux molécules allergisantes." Thesis, Paris 11, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA114847/document.
Full textAllergic reactions such as contact hypersensitivity (CHS) are a problem of public health occurring after repeated exposures to contact sensitizers. CHS is a common skin disease involving dendritic cells (DC) playing a key role in this pathology. Contact sensitizers, like dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) or cinnamaldehyde (CinA) are known to induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. The Nrf2/Keap1 pathway is central for detoxification. In the absence of a chemical stress, Keap1 associates with Nrf2 and leading to its degradation. In the presence of an electrophilic compound like contact sensitizers, Keap1’s conformation is modified leading to Nrf2 translocation to the nucleus and transcription of its target genes [heme-oxygénase 1 (ho-1), NADPH quinone oxydoreductase (nqo1), glutathione-s-transferase (gst)]. We showed, for the first time, that Nrf2 controls the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and caspase-3/7 activity in DC activated by contact sensitizers. In the absence of Nrf2, DNCB and CinA induced DC apoptosis via caspase activation involved in intrinsic pathway of apoptosis also called ‘mitochondrial pathway’. This apoptosis was mainly mediated by the production of ROS in response to DNCB. However, ROS faintly control CinA-induced cell death. We also showed that Nrf2 controls the transcription of the anti-apoptotic gene bcl-2 in response to DNCB or CinA and also the transcription of immune related and antioxidant genes that could be implicated in DC apoptosis.Otherwise, we also showed that Nrf2 plays a key role in sensitization and elicitation phases of CHS and even in the irritation phase. Adoptive transfer experiments showed that Nrf2 plays a crucial role in DC during CHS.Finally, we showed that Nrf2 regulates skin Treg and participates to skin tolerance
Page, Audrey. "Etude de la modulation de la réponse cellulaire au stress oxydatif par les protéines VP24 des virus Marburg et Ebola." Phd thesis, Ecole normale supérieure de lyon - ENS LYON, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00671994.
Full textLee, Tung-Liang, and 李棟樑. "Regulation of Transcription Activator NF-E2." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/00934891716230702552.
Full text國防醫學院
生命科學研究所
96
Precise regulation of the cellular amount and relative activity is important for a group of specific transcription factors to coordinate cell proliferation and differentiation in erythroid and megakaryocytic lineages. In this study, I have characterized the role of ubiquitination of p45, the large subunit of mammalian NF-E2, in its catabolism and activity regulation. I demonstrated that the active JNK interacted with p45 and phosphorylated p45 at Ser 157 for promote p45 degradation via ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Six lysine residues of p45 are found to be potential in vivo ubiquitination sites for proteasomal degradation. Interestingly, one of these ubiquitination sites, the Lys368, also can be modified by SUMO that is important for the increase of the p45 activity after MEL cells differentiation. Significantly, the active JNK-induced degradation of p45 exists only in undifferentiation MEL cells, but not in differentiated MEL cells in which JNK is inactivated upon DMSO induction. Based on the above and ChIP analysis of chromatin-binding, I suggest a homeostatic model in which the post-translational modifications and turn-over of p45/NF-E2, as mediated by P-JNK, contribute to the control of the homeostatic concentrations of different transcription factors including p45, for erythroid gene regulation and the progression of erythroid differentiation.
Shyu, Yu-Chiau, and 徐于喬. "Regulation of Transcription Activator NF-E2 by Sumoylation." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/51902785480833816892.
Full text國立陽明大學
遺傳學研究所
94
NF-E2 is a transcription activator for the regulation of a number of erythroid- and megakaryocytic lineage-specific genes. Here I present evidence that the large subunit of mammalian NF-E2, p45, is sumoylated in vivo, in human erythroid K562 cells and in mouse fetal liver. By in vitro sumoylation reaction and DNA transfection experiments, I show that the sumoylation occurs at lysine 368 (K368) of human p45/NF-E2. Furthermore, p45 sumoylation enhances the transactivation capability of NF-E2, and this is accompanied by an increase of the NF-E2 DNA-binding affinity. More interestingly, I have found that in K562 cells, the β-globin gene loci in the euchromatin regions are predominantly colocalized with the nuclear bodies promyelocytic leukemia protein (PML) oncogenic domains (PODs) that are enriched with the PML, SUMO-1, RNA polymerase II and sumoylatable p45/NF-E2. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assay (ChIP) further showed that intact sumoylation site of p45/NF-E2 is required for its binding to the DNase I hypersensitive sites (HS) of the β�n-globin locus-control-region (β-LCR). Finally, I demonstrated by stable transfection assay that only the wild type p45, but not its mutant form p45 (K368R), could efficiently rescue the β-�nglobin gene expression in the p45-null, erythroid cell line CB3. These data together point to a model of mammalian β-like globin gene activation by sumoylated p45/NF-E2 in erythroid cells.
Rölz, Roland [Verfasser]. "Silencing NF-E2 - Silencing Polycythämia Vera? / vorgelegt von Roland Rölz." 2010. http://d-nb.info/1010874942/34.
Full textHsu, Ting-Yin, and 徐亭茵. "ITCH dependent ubiquitination of P45, a NF-E2 tissue-restricted subunit." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/94889696555879990337.
Full text國立陽明大學
遺傳學研究所
93
The human α-like and β-like globin loci are located on chromosomes 16 and 11, respectively. During development, individual globin genes expressed at unique time to produce developmental stage-specific hemoglobin molecules. Hemoglobinopathies are a group of inherited disorders characterized by the deficiency of functional α-like or β-like globin chains. Sickle-cell anemia and β-thalassemias are two of the most common hemoglobinopathies. These diseases cause major health problems which are associated with severe morbidity, lower-than-average life expectancy, and serious, long-term disability. In this regard, understanding the regulatory mechanism of globin expression can pave the way to discover the suitable therapies for these disorders. NF-E2 (nuclear factor-erythroid 2) is one of the transcription factors that bind the globin gene promoter and regulatory element (Jane and Cunningham, 1996; Ney et al., 1990; Talbot et al., 1990), and it may also be a general globin gene expression initiator with a role in LCR and globin promoter chromatin activation. NF-E2 is a heterodimer composed of two subunits: p45 and p18 (Andrews et al., 1993). The larger subunit, p45 NF-E2, which is tissue-restricted and is expressed primarily in hematopoietic cells (Andrews et al., 1993), has a transactivation domain at its N terminus. The purpose of this study is to determine whether p45, a tissue-restricted and the activity subunit of NF-E2, can be modified by ubiquitination through a HECT type E3 ligase, ITCH. ITCH is characterized by its HECT domain, and its ubiquitin E3 ligase activity. Our results indicated that ITCH may interact with p45 NF-E2 and mediate p45 ubiquitination. Ubiquitination attenuates the p45 transactivation activity, resulting in down regulation of globin gene expression.
Wang, Wei [Verfasser]. "Molecular etiology of NF-E2 overexpression in myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) / vorgelegt von Wei Wang." 2010. http://d-nb.info/1008283592/34.
Full textImbeault, Sophie. "Overexpression of NF-E2 related factor 2 via viral-mediated gene transfer in vivo." Thesis, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/16531.
Full textMedicine, Faculty of
Graduate
Bürge, Martina [Verfasser]. "Die Rolle des Transkriptionsfaktors NF-E2 in der Entstehung der Erythrozytose und Thrombozytose myeloproliferativer Erkrankungen / vorgelegt von Martina Bürge." 2009. http://d-nb.info/1011094355/34.
Full textHajj, Hassan Houssein. "Établissement d'une lignée cellulaire pro-érythroïde de souris : outil d'étude de la régulation transcriptionnelle des gènes de globine." Thèse, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/14663.
Full textMutschler, Manuel [Verfasser]. "Untersuchung der modulierten Expression des Transkriptionsfaktors NF-E2 in humanen und murinen hämatopoetischen Stamm- und Progenitorzellen sowie seiner pathophysiologischen Rolle in der Entstehung der Polyzythämia vera / vorgelegt von Manuel Mutschler." 2009. http://d-nb.info/998933848/34.
Full textRoss, Julie. "Étude de la collaboration entre les facteurs de transcription hématopoïétiques lors du développement et de la différenciation des cellules érythroïdes." Thèse, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/6174.
Full textGene transcriptional regulation is crucial for appropriate cell functioning. Genes must be properly expressed in the right cell type as well as at the right developmental and differenciation stage in order to allow the cells to accomplish their functions. Abnormal expression of one or many genes can dramatically influence cell fate. Diverse cis (ex : promoters and enhancers) and trans (transcriptional machinery and transcription factors) elements are involved in transcriptional regulation. Genes of the human beta-globin (hub) locus are expressed in erythroid cells and are thightly regulated during development and differentiation. Mutations in several regions of the locus are involved in beta-thalassemia. We used this well characterized model in order to study different regulation mechanisms that are mediated by transcription factors expressed in erythroid cells. We were interested in the important role of the cis element HS2 from the Locus control region. This region contains several binding sites for transcription factors that are involved in hub locus gene regulation. Our results show that HS2 has a role in chromatin organization of the locus which is distinct from its enhancer function. Moreover, HS2 is not essential for high level beta gene expression while it is important for gamma gene expression. This suggest that the influence of transcription factors recruited to HS2 varies during development. Secondly, we investigated HS2 importance during erythroid differentiation. It was reported the HS2 deletion strongly influences chromatin potentiation of beta gene. Potentiation in progenitor cells favors gene transcriptional activation in mature cells. We characterized transcription factor recruitment to HS2 and b promoter in hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPC). Our results show that EKLF is involved in chromatin potentiation and favors the recruitment of BRG1, p45 and CBP in HPC. GATA-1 expression in mature erythroid cells allows GATA-1 recruitment to hub locus in these cells. These data suggest that EKLF and GATA-1 combination is required to allow maximal beta gene activation in mature erythroid cells. Another factor involved in hub locus regulation is Ikaros. We studied its recruitment to hub locus and found that Ikaros is involved in gamma gene repression. Our data also shows that GATA-1 is involved in the repression of these genes and that it interacts with Ikaros. Together, Ikaros and GATA-1 favors the formation of a repressive complex to gamma promoters. In this study, we also observed that Ikaros and GATA-1 are involved in Gata2 gene repression. Interestingly, we have also characterized the repression mechanism of Hes1 gene (a Notch target gene) during erythroid differentiation. Similar to what is observed for gamma genes, Hes1 is also repressed by Ikaros and GATA-1. Collectivelly, our data suggest that Ikaros and GATA-1 combination is associated with the repression of several genes in erythroid cells. Globally, this thesis reports new mechanisms of action for different transcription factors in erythroid cells. Particularly, our work allows us to propose a model for hub locus gene regulation during development and differentiation. Moreover, we show for the first time that the combination of Ikaros and GATA-1 is relevant for gene regulation in erythroid cells. Several mutations in the transcription factors that we studied were associated with beta-thalassemia or leukemia. Our work will thus help to better understand mechanisms of action of these transcription factors in order to potentially use them as therapeutical targets.
Bahia, P. K., Marcus Rattray, and R. J. Williams. "Dietary flavonoid (-)epicatechin stimulates phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-dependent anti-oxidant response element activity and up-regulates glutathione in cortical astrocytes." 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/9035.
Full textFlavonoids are plant-derived polyphenolic compounds with neuroprotective properties. Recent work suggests that, in addition to acting as hydrogen donors, they activate protective signalling pathways. The anti-oxidant response element (ARE) promotes the expression of protective proteins including those required for glutathione synthesis (xCT cystine antiporter, gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase and glutathione synthase). The use of a luciferase reporter (ARE-luc) assay showed that the dietary flavan-3-ol (-)epicatechin activates this pathway in primary cortical astrocytes but not neurones. We also examined the distribution of NF-E2-related factor-2 (Nrf2), a key transcription factor in ARE-mediated gene expression. We found, using immunocytochemistry, that Nrf2 accumulated in the nuclei of astrocytes following exposure to tert-butylhydroquinone (100 microM) and (-)epicatechin (100 nM). (-)Epicatechin signalling via Nrf2 was inhibited by wortmannin implicating a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-dependent pathway. Finally, (-)epicatechin increased glutathione levels in astrocytes consistent with an up-regulation of ARE-mediated gene expression. Together, this suggests that flavonoids may be cytoprotective by increasing anti-oxidant gene expression.