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Author: Grafiati

Published: 11 March 2023

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1

Raju Taklikar, Anupama. "Prevalence of Diabetic Retinopathy in Newly Diagnosed Cases of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus." Ophthalmology and Allied Sciences 6, no. 1 (April 1, 2020): 9–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.21088/oas.2454.7816.6120.1.

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2

M. Normatova, Nargiza. "PREVALENCE OF DIABETIC RETINOPATHY IN NEWLY DIAGNOSED PEOPLE WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES IN UZBEKISTAN." International Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation 24, no. 02 (February 28, 2020): 2254–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.37200/ijpr/v24i4/pr201335.

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3

Smith, S. M. "Newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus." BMJ 326, no. 7403 (June 19, 2003): 1371. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.326.7403.1371.

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4

Hong, Li, Ruan Yu, and Li Y-Hua. "Depression in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes." International Journal of Diabetes in Developing Countries 30, no. 2 (2010): 102. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0973-3930.62601.

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5

Harrison, Lindsay B., Beverley Adams-Huet, Xilong Li, Philip Raskin, and Ildiko Lingvay. "Intensive Therapy in Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes." Journal of Investigative Medicine 62, no. 4 (April 1, 2014): 676–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2310/jim.0000000000000068.

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6

Al-Zuabi, Homoud, Yaqoub Al-Tammar, Reem Al-Moataz, Khalid Al-Sabti, Vivek B. Wani, Fahad Hamama, Hanan Mohammad, and Mai H. Al-Suwayan. "Retinopathy in Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes mellitus." Medical Principles and Practice 14, no. 5 (2005): 293–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000086925.

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7

Sakuta, Suzuki, Yasuda, and Ito. "Plasma Folate Levels in Men with Type 2 Diabetes." International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research 75, no. 5 (September 1, 2005): 307–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/0300-9831.75.5.307.

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Limited data suggest that folate levels are higher in patients with type 2 diabetes than in subjects with normal glucose tolerance (NGT). We compared the fasting plasma folate, glucose (FPG), body mass index (BMI), and supplementary vitamin use among male subjects with NGT, those with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), those with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes, and those with previously diagnosed type 2 diabetes. Plasma folate of patients with newly diagnosed diabetes and that of patients with previously diagnosed diabetes was significantly higher than that of NGT subjects (p < 0.001). Prevalence of vitamin use was lower in newly diagnosed or previously diagnosed diabetic patients compared with non-diabetic subjects. Self-rated vegetable intake was similar among the four groups. FPG, BMI, triglycerides, and systolic blood pressure correlated with plasma folate levels independently of lifestyle factors studied. These results suggest that plasma folate levels are elevated in male diabetic patients independently of health-conscious behavior that is recommended for diabetic people.

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8

Joob, Beuy, and Viroj Wiwanitkit. "Raised liver enzymes in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes." Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism 17, no. 3 (2013): 535. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2230-8210.111688.

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9

Saligram, Shreyas, Elizabeth Williams, and Michael Masding. "Raised Liver Enzymes in Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes." American Journal of Gastroenterology 105 (October 2010): S96—S97. http://dx.doi.org/10.14309/00000434-201010001-00258.

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10

Bentley-Lewis, R. "Nature Versus Nurture in Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes." Science Translational Medicine 3, no. 64 (January 5, 2011): 64ec2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/scitranslmed.3002072.

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11

Retnakaran, Ravi, and Daniel J. Drucker. "Intensive insulin therapy in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes." Lancet 371, no. 9626 (May 2008): 1725–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(08)60736-9.

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12

Smith, Susan M. "10 minute consultation: Newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus." BMJ 327, Suppl S3 (September 1, 2003): 0309317. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/sbmj.0309317.

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13

Steffensen, Charlotte, Olaf Dekkers, Johanne Lyhne, Bodil Pedersen, Finn Rasmussen, Jørgen Rungby, Per Poulsen, and Jens Jørgensen. "Hypercortisolism in Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes: A Prospective Study of 384 Newly Diagnosed Patients." Hormone and Metabolic Research 51, no. 01 (December 6, 2018): 62–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-0809-3647.

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AbstractCross-sectional studies in small and selected populations report a high prevalence of hypercortisolism in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D), which could have therapeutic implications, if confirmed. We therefore estimated the prevalence of hypercortisolism in a large and unselected cohort of recently diagnosed T2D patients. Consecutive patients with recently diagnosed T2D first underwent an overnight dexamethasone (1 mg) suppression test (OD). Patients not suppressing serum cortisol ≤50 nmol/l proceeded with a 48-h low dose dexamethasone suppression test (LDDST) and 24-h urinary free cortisol collection (UFC). Patients with elevated cortisol levels according to LDDST and/or UFC underwent imaging guided by plasma ACTH levels, and assessment of bone mineral density. A total of 384 T2D patients (232male/152 females) with a mean age of 60±10 years were included. Eighty-five (22%) patients suppressed incompletely to OD of whom 20 (5%) failed to suppress after LDDST and/or had elevated UFC (=hypercortisolism). Patients with hypercortisolism did not differ as regards age, BMI, HbA1c, T-score or blood pressure, but a higher proportion of them received antihypertensive treatment (100% vs. 64%, p=0.001). Imaging revealed adrenal adenoma(s) in 9 cases and a pituitary macroadenoma in 1 case. We found a 5% prevalence of hypercortisolism in unselected, recently diagnosed T2D, which was not associated with a persuasive cushingoid phenotype. The clinical implications are therefore uncertain.

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14

Usman, Muhammad, Gohar Khan, Ahmad Ali Wassan, Amina Zulfiqar, and Hafiz Muhammad Jahan Zaib. "Frequency of Retinopathy in Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 16, no. 11 (November 30, 2022): 558–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs20221611558.

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Objective: The purpose of this study is to find out how common retinopathy is in newly diagnosed patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods: This cross-sectional research included 100 newly diagnosed patients with type 2 diabetes patients who attended the diabetic health center at Federal Govt. Polyclinic, postgraduate medical institute, Islamabad from 1st March 2022 to 31st July 2022. The research precluded those who had type-1 diabetes, high blood pressure, retinal artery obstruction, retinal venous obstruction, renal glomerulonephritis, or hemoglobinopathies retinopathy. Following pupillary dilation with Mydriacyl, a comprehensive fundoscopic examination had been performed, and retinopathy was classified as Mild to Moderate non proliferative (mild to moderate NPDR), severe non proliferative (severe NPDR), or proliferative (PDR). Results: The respondents' average age had been 47 years, with 65% men and 35% women. At the onset of the disease, 9% of patients had been diagnosed to have retinopathy. The demographic and clinical characteristics of newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus patients are shown in Table. In the univariate analysis, there was a statistically significant difference between the characteristics of patients who had retinopathy compared to those who did not have it. Patients with retinopathy were older in age, had a higher prevalence of smoking and alcohol consumption, and had much higher levels of fasting blood sugar, HbA1c, cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, BMI and serum creatinine, compared to patients with no retinopathy (Table). The prevalence of retinopathy was much higher in the categories of patients with higher levels of HbA1c and BMI, compared to those with lower levels. Practical implication: The prevalence of retinopathy in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus patients was found to be relatively high in this study. This underlines the importance of detailed ophthalmic examination of all patients at the time of diagnosis Conclusion: The said research reveals a greater incidence of retinopathy in recently diagnosed people with type 2 diabetes. This highlights the significance of performing a thorough ophthalmic examination on all diabetic individuals at the time of assessment. Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus. , Retinopathy, And Retinal Hemorrhages, Fundoscopic, Prevalent,

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15

Wens, J., V. Van Casteren, E. Vermeire, P. Van Royen, and J. Denekens. "Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetic Population in Belgium." Diabetes Care 25, no. 3 (March 1, 2002): 637–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/diacare.25.3.637.

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16

Manhas, Angli, Meenakshi Gupta, Rameshwar S. Manhas, Dinesh Gupta, and Gaurav S. Manhas. "Microvascular complications and their prevalence in newly diagnosed type-2 diabetes mellitus." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 7, no. 11 (October 24, 2019): 4044. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20194643.

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Background: A group of metabolic diseases is ‘diabetes’ which has become a major global concern is characterized by high blood sugar. In the world about 347 million people have diabetes. Untreated long standing hyperglycemia leads to microvascular complications in newly diagnosed DM. The objective of the study was to find out prevalence of microvascular complications in newly diagnosed Type-2 diabetes mellitus.Methods: The present cross-sectional study was conducted over a period of 6 months involved 200 patients who were diagnosed with T2DM having ≤6 months duration was conducted in the out-patient department of medicine and ophthalmology at a tertiary care hospital. Informed consent was taken from all the participants who were willing to participate. Detailed history, clinical examination and relevant investigations were done to diagnose microvascular complications.Results: Maximum number of studied subjects i.e. 54% were seen in age group of 41-50 yrs. Males were 56% whereas females comprised 44%. Total of 52% of subjects were from rural background. Nephropathy was the most common microvascular complication present in 54% patients followed by neuropathy in 30% and retinopathy in 8% (NPDR in 7% and PDR in 1%) of patients.Conclusions: From the present study it has been concluded that nephropathy is the most common microvascular complication in newly diagnosed T2DM followed by neuropathy and retinopathy. Authors recommend that education of high-risk group regarding diabetes and its complications by electronic and print media is required so that they seek medical consultation at the earliest. Screening for diabetes at a younger age in view of lower average age at presentation and high prevalence of microvascular complications.

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17

R., Hareesh, Harish K. V., and Akshatha Savith. "Association of serum amylase and lipase levels in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus." International Journal of Advances in Medicine 8, no. 2 (January 27, 2021): 254. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20210101.

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Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder due to insulin resistance caused by destruction of beta cells of pancreas. Insulin resistance in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus patients leads to hyperglycemia. Serum amylase and lipase levels is an exocrine enzyme produced by acinar cells of pancreas. Altered levels of serum amylase and lipase leads to endocrine disorders, metabolic syndrome and diabetes mellitus.Methods: This is a case-control study conducted in Akash Institute of Medical Sciences, A total 100 subjects (50 cases and 50 controls). All the subjects included after informed consent, blood samples are collected from the all the subjects. The serum amylase and was estimated by using enzymatic commercial available kits and fasting blood sugar (FBS), post-parandial blood sugar (PPBS), renal function test (RFT) and liver function test (LFT) was also estimated by laboratory standard methods.Results: This study evaluated the FBS, PPBS, RFT, LFT, Amylase and Lipase levels in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and compare them with healthy controls. The serum amylase and lipase levels more significantly elevated in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and compared with the healthy controls. The study also found that significantly elevated levels of FBS, PPBS, RFT and LFT in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and compared with the healthy controls, The statistically significant levels of serum amylase and lipase levels in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus when compared with the controls (p=0.0001).Conclusions: The study suggesting that to estimation of serum amylase and lipase levels in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus patients useful for early detection of diabetes mellitus and its complications. Because elevated levels of serum amylase and lipase in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus, these levels are positively correlated with the FBS and PPBS.

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18

Grover, Ankit, A. B. Mowar, and Sharat Johri. "Prevalence of hyperuricemia in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus patients." International Journal of Advances in Medicine 6, no. 2 (March 25, 2019): 276. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20190988.

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Background: The relationship between hyperuricemia and diabetes mellitus is proved to be associated with the risk of cardiovascular diseases, but it is unclear whether hyperuricemia is actually related to diabetes.Methods: A 50 patients with newly diagnosed diabetes according to ADA guidelines were selected. Uric acid level and HbA1C levels were measured. Results were calculated with the reference range of uric acid >7.0 mg/dl.Results: The mean serum uric acid level was higher in 72% of the newly diagnosed diabetic patients (36/50).Conclusions: Hyperuricemia seems to be associated with newly diagnosed diabetics. It can be used as a biomarker of deterioration of glucose metabolism.

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19

Mamun, Mohammad Shameem Al, Nurun Nahar, Mohammad Simoon Salekin, and Mohammad Mahbubur Rahman. "Thyroid Hormonal Status in Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus." Bangladesh Journal of Nuclear Medicine 20, no. 1 (June 7, 2018): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjnm.v20i1.36851.

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<p><strong>Objectives:</strong> Diabetes mellitus and thyroid dysfunction are the two most common endocrinopathies seen in general population. The study was done to determine whether there is any co-occurence of thyroid hormonal status alternating in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus.</p><p><strong>Patients and Methods</strong>: This Cross-sectional study which was carried out at National Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences and outpatient Department (OPD) of Endocrinology of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Shahbag, Dhaka during the period January 2015 to July 2016. A total of 98 newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients (Group I) and 98 healthy individuals (Group II) were enrolled in this study purposively. After taking written consent, history of the study subjects was taken and clinical checkup was done. Age of the subjects of both the group were 30 years and above. Glycemic status of both the group was assessed by measuring fasting blood sugar, blood sugar two hours after 75 gm oral glucose and blood for HbA1C. Patients with type 1 and other form of diabetes mellitus and any condition that may impair glycemic control were excluded from the study. Thyroid hormonal status of both the group was evaluated by measuring patients’ serum TSH by Immunoradiometric Assay (IRMA) and serum FT3 and serum FT4 by Radioimmunoassay (RIA) method in NINMAS. All the data were digitized and analyzed using SPSS – 22.0 software.</p><p><strong>Results:</strong> In this study, mean age of the patients was 46.0 ± 9.7 years and 45.5 ± 7.7 years in group I and group II respectively. Male female ratio was 1:1.45 in group I and 1:1.08 in group II. Fasting blood sugar, blood sugar two hours after 75 gm oral glucose and HbA1c were significantly higher in group I than that of group II. Mean TSH, FT3 and FT4 were 2.37 ± 3.86 mIU/L, 6.35 ± 2.41 pmol/L and 15.79 ± 5.41 pmol/L respectively in group I whereas 2.28 ± 2.67 mIU/L, 6.59 ± 1.83 pmol/L and 16.25 ± 3.46 pmol/L respectively in group II. But there was no statistical significant difference between group I and group II. In group I, sixteen patients had thyroid disorder (seven had hyperthyroidism and nine had hypothyroidism). In group II, five patients had thyroid disorder (two had hyperthyroidism and three had hypothyroidism). The difference was statistically significant. Fasting blood sugar positively correlated with TSH, FT3 and FT4 in group I, similarly HbA1c correlated with TSH and FT4 but not with FT3 in group I.</p><p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> Thyroid disorder was 16.3% in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients and 5.1% in normal individuals.</p><p>Bangladesh J. Nuclear Med. 20(1): 27-31, January 2017</p>

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20

de Fine Olivarius, N., B. Richelsen, V. Siersma, A. H. Andreasen, and H. Beck-Nielsen. "Weight history of patients with newly diagnosed Type 2 diabetes." Diabetic Medicine 25, no. 8 (August 2008): 933–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-5491.2008.02472.x.

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21

Litonjua, Patrick, Antonio Piñero-Piloña, Larissa Aviles-Santa, and Philip Raskin. "PREVALENCE OF ACANTHOSIS NIGRICANS IN NEWLY-DIAGNOSED TYPE 2 DIABETES." Endocrine Practice 10, no. 2 (March 2004): 101–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4158/ep.10.2.101.

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22

Gunaid, Abdallah Ahmed, Mohammed Mohammed Al-Kebsi, Mahfouth Abdalla Bamashmus, Saleh Ahmed Al-Akily, and Ahmed Nasser Al-Radaei. "Clinical phenotyping of newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes in Yemen." BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care 6, no. 1 (December 2018): e000587. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjdrc-2018-000587.

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ObjectiveTo identify clinical phenotypes of type 2 diabetes (T2D) among adults presenting with a first diagnosis of diabetes.Research design and methodsA total of 500 consecutive patients were subject to clinical assessment and laboratory investigations. We used data-driven cluster analysis to identify phenotypes of T2D based on clinical variables and Homeostasis Model Assessment (HOMA2) of insulin sensitivity and beta-cell function estimated from paired fasting blood glucose and specific insulin levels.ResultsThe cluster analysis identified three statistically different clusters: cluster 1 (high insulin resistance and high beta-cell function group), which included patients with low insulin sensitivity and high beta-cell function; cluster 2 (low insulin resistance and low beta-cell function group), which included patients with high insulin sensitivity but very low beta-cell function; and cluster 3 (high insulin resistance and low beta-cell function group), which included patients with low insulin sensitivity and low beta-cell function. Insulin sensitivity, defined as median HOMA2-S, was progressively increasing from cluster 1 (35.4) to cluster 3 (40.9), to cluster 2 (76) (p<0.001). On the contrary, beta-cell function, defined as median HOMA2-β, was progressively declining from cluster 1 (78.3) to cluster 3 (30), to cluster 2 (22.3) (p<0.001). Clinical and biomarker variables associated with insulin resistance like obesity, abdominal adiposity, fatty liver, and high serum triglycerides were mainly seen in clusters 1 and 3. The highest median hemoglobin A1c value was noted in cluster 2 (88 mmol/mol) and the lowest in cluster 1.ConclusionCluster analysis of newly diagnosed T2D in adults has identified three phenotypes based on clinical variables central to the development of diabetes and on specific clinical variables of each phenotype.

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23

Hughes, Lynne C., Susan E. Keith, Allyn Byars, and Kristin L. Wiginton. "Cognitive Mapping in Persons Newly Diagnosed With Type 2 Diabetes." Diabetes Educator 38, no. 6 (September 17, 2012): 845–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0145721712460100.

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24

Booles, Keith. "Personalised care for patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes." Primary Health Care 26, no. 2 (February 25, 2016): 36–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/phc.26.2.36.s24.

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25

Chung, Stephanie T., Daniel S. Hsia, Shaji K. Chacko, Luisa M. Rodriguez, and Morey W. Haymond. "Increased gluconeogenesis in youth with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes." Diabetologia 58, no. 3 (December 3, 2014): 596–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00125-014-3455-x.

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26

Gummesson, Anders, Elias Björnson, Linn Fagerberg, Wen Zhong, Abdellah Tebani, Fredrik Edfors, Caroline Schmidt, et al. "Longitudinal plasma protein profiling of newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes." EBioMedicine 63 (January 2021): 103147. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ebiom.2020.103147.

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27

U., Harikishor, Rajesh Kumar Dhanowar, A. K. Pegu, and Krishnangshu Das. "ESTIMATION OF SERUM ZINC LEVEL IN NEWLY DIAGNOSED TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS PATIENTS." International Journal of Advanced Research 10, no. 08 (August 31, 2022): 358–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/15186.

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Background: There is an important role of zinc in the synthesis, storage and secretion of insulin and thus an important role in energy production. Zinc has antioxidant effect and is also component of many antioxidants. It inhibits formation of free radicals and damage by lipid peroxidation. Whereas oxidative stress plays an important role in the development of diabetic complications. Objective: Thus this study is designed to estimate serum zinc level and its correlation with HbA1c in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus patients from north eastern population. Materials And Methods: In this hospital based observational study done in department of General Medicine , Assam Medical College and Hospital 82 newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus patients were selected and detailed history, physical examination and blood investigation including serum zinc estimation of all the subjects was done and the results were analysed. Results of zinc study: The mean serum zinc level of newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with HbA1C level <8% was 59.82+/-13.12 microgram/dl , those with HbA1C level of 8-10% were having mean serum zinc level of 48.19+/-17.98 microgram/dl and those with HbA1C level >10% were having mean serum zinc level of 39.38+/-14.95 microgram/dl . There was a statistically significant negative correlation ( r - value = -0.38 and p value = 0.0004) observed between HbA1C level and serum zinc levels in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Conclusion: In this cross-sectional observational study done in the North-East population of India, we found that there was a reduction of serum zinc level in newly diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and there was also a statistically significant negative correlation between HbA1C and serum zinc level in newly diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients. Therefore, earlier detection of zinc deficiency in newly diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients helps in controlling glycemic status and also helps in preventing complications.

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28

Trombetta, Maddalena, Sara Bonetti, MariaLinda Boselli, Fabiola Turrini, Giovanni Malerba, Elisabetta Trabetti, PierFranco Pignatti, Enzo Bonora, and Riccardo C. Bonadonna. "CACNA1E Variants Affect Beta Cell Function in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes. The Verona Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Study (VNDS) 3." PLoS ONE 7, no. 3 (March 9, 2012): e32755. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0032755.

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Bonetti, S., M. Trombetta, M. L. Boselli, F. Turrini, G. Malerba, E. Trabetti, P. F. Pignatti, E. Bonora, and R. C. Bonadonna. "Variants of GCKR Affect Both -Cell and Kidney Function in Patients With Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes: The Verona Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Study 2." Diabetes Care 34, no. 5 (March 16, 2011): 1205–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/dc10-2218.

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Lin, Qiuqiu, Wenzhi Zhou, Yanfei Wang, Juan Huang, Xiaoyan Hui, Zhiguang Zhou, and Yang Xiao. "Abnormal Peripheral Neutrophil Transcriptome in Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Patients." Journal of Diabetes Research 2020 (April 23, 2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/9519072.

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Aim. There are increasing evidence demonstrating that neutrophil-mediated inflammation plays a role in the etiology of type 2 diabetes. However, the molecular mechanisms by which neutrophils contribute to type 2 diabetes remain largely unknown. The aim of the present work was to identify possible changes in circulating neutrophils to better elucidate neutrophil involvement in human type 2 diabetes. Methods. Patients newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes (n=5) and age- and sex-matched healthy controls (n=5) were recruited. Neutrophils were purified from type 2 diabetes patients and controls, and RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) was used for comprehensive transcriptome analysis. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened, and Gene Ontology (GO) and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses were performed. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was used for validation in external samples of type 2 diabetes patients (n=8) and healthy controls (n=8). Results. Gene expression analysis showed that, compared with neutrophils from healthy controls, there were 1990 upregulated DEGs and 1314 downregulated DEGs in neutrophils from type 2 diabetes patients. GO analysis demonstrated that the DEGs were mainly involved in myeloid leukocyte activation, T cell activation, adaptive immunity, and cytokine production. The top 20 enriched KEGG pathways included the cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction pathway, NF-κB signaling pathway, cell adhesion molecules, and chemokine signaling pathway. Furthermore, qPCR of genes related to neutrophil activation revealed that the expression of SELL, SELP, CXCR1, and S100A8 was significantly increased in neutrophils from type 2 diabetes patients compared with that in neutrophils from controls. Conclusions. Our study reveals an abnormal activation of circulating neutrophils at the transcriptome level in type 2 diabetes patients. These findings suggest a potential involvement of neutrophil dysfunction in the pathologic process of type 2 diabetes and provide insight into potential therapeutic targets for type 2 diabetes.

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Niu, Guifen, Jian Li, Huaiguo Wang, Yuan Ren, and Jie Bai. "Associations of A-FABP with Anthropometric and Metabolic Indices and Inflammatory Cytokines in Obese Patients with Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes." BioMed Research International 2016 (2016): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/9382092.

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The study aimed to evaluate the relationship between anthropometric and metabolic indices, inflammatory cytokines, and adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein (A-FABP) in obese patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes. The study included 48 nonobese subjects with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes, 42 obese subjects with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes, 30 simple obese subjects, and 30 matched normal subjects. Serum A-FABP was assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Pearson’s correlations and multiple linear regression stepwise analysis were used to analyze correlations of A-FABP with anthropometric and metabolic indices and inflammatory cytokines. Obese subjects with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes had elevated A-FABP compared to normal control, nondiabetic obese patients, and nonobese diabetic patients. A-FABP was significantly correlated with glycated hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C), BMI, triglyceride, Homeostasis Model Assessment Index (HOMA-IR), waist hip rate, C-reactive protein, IL-6, and HDL-C in obese subjects with type 2 diabetes. In multiple linear regression stepwise analysis, BMI, HbA1C, and HOMA-IR were significantly independent determinants for A-FABP. BMI, HbA1C, and HOMA-IR are independently associated with A-FABP in obese subjects with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes. A-FABP may be related to insulin resistance and inflammation in type 2 diabetes and concomitant obesity.

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Unnikrishnan, A. G., R. K. Sahay, Uday Phadke, S. K. Sharma, Parag Shah, Rishi Shukla, Vijay Viswanathan, et al. "Cardiovascular risk in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes patients in India." PLOS ONE 17, no. 3 (March 31, 2022): e0263619. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0263619.

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Background Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) worldwide continues to increase, in particular in India. Early T2DM diagnosis followed by appropriate management will result in more cardiovascular event free life years. However, knowledge of the cardiovascular profile of newly diagnosed T2DM patients is still limited. The aim of this study was to understand the extent of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk of newly diagnosed T2DM patients in India. Methods A cross sectional observational study was conducted to evaluate clinical laboratory and socio-demographic parameters of 5,080 newly diagnosed T2DM patients (48.3 ± 12.8 years of age; 36.7% female). In addition, we determined their cardiovascular risk according to the guidelines of the Lipid Association of India (LAI) and the criteria of the QRISK3 score. Results Of the newly T2DM diagnosed patients in India 2,007(39.5%) were classified as “High risk” and 3,073 (60.5%) were classified as “Very high risk” based on LAI criteria. On average, patients had 1.7 ± 0.9 major atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk factors. Low HDL-C value was the most frequent major risk (2,823; 55.6%) followed by high age (2,502; 49.3%), hypertension (2,141; 42.1%), smoking/tobacco use (1,078; 21.2%) and chronic kidney disease stage 3b or higher (568; 11.2%). In addition, 4,192 (82.5%) patients appeared to have at least one cholesterol abnormality and, if the latest LAI recommendations are applied, 96.5% (4,902) presented with lipid values above recommended targets. Based on the QRISK3 calculation Indian diabetes patients had an average CVD risk of 15.3 ± 12.3%, (12.2 ± 10.1 vs. 17.1 ± 13.5 [p<0.001] for females and males, respectively). Conclusions Newly diagnosed Indian T2DM patients are at high ASCVD risk. Our data therefore support the notion that further extension of nationwide ASCVD risk identification programs and prevention strategies to reduce the occurrence of cardiovascular diseases are warranted.

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Zoppini, Giacomo, Vittorio Cacciatori, Daniele Raimondo, Marialuisa Gemma, Maddalena Trombetta, Marco Dauriz, Corinna Brangani, et al. "Prevalence of Cardiovascular Autonomic Neuropathy in a Cohort of Patients With Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes: The Verona Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Study (VNDS)." Diabetes Care 38, no. 8 (June 11, 2015): 1487–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/dc15-0081.

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Iqbal, Shama, Ambreen Gul, Rashid Ahmad, Momina Haq, Sara Maryam, and Safia Rehman. "Frequency of Hyperlipidemia in the Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetic Patients." Journal of Gandhara Medical and Dental Science 8, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 25–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.37762/jgmds.8-1.122.

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OBJECTIVES: The primary event in the development of type-2 diabetes is directly associated with lipid metabolism derangement occurring due to insulin resistance. The aim of this study was to find out the prevalence of hyperlipidemia in the newly diagnosed type-2 DM. METHODOLOGY: This hospital based descriptive study was conducted in the year 2018 to 2019, on 100 newly diagnosed type-2 diabetic patients attending medical O.P.D or admitted in medial wards of Naseer Ullah Khan Babar Memorial Hospital Kohat Road Peshawar. RESULTS: The incidence of hyperlipidemia in newly diagnosed diabetic patients was 29%. About 71% patients were having normal lipid profile. Our study also revealed that the frequency of hyperlipidemia increases with age. Half of the patients having age more than 60 years developed hyperlipidemia. Among hyperlipidemic patients, hypercholesterolemia was present in 36% and hypertriglyceridemia in 64% patients CONCLUSION: The study suggests that hyperlipidemia is very common in newly diagnosed type-2 diabetic patients in this part of the world.

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Liu, Lei, Baoxian Chen, Xudong Zhang, Lun Tan, and Dao Wen Wang. "Increased Cathepsin D Correlates with Clinical Parameters in Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes." Disease Markers 2017 (2017): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/5286408.

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Background. Cathepsin D has been recently implicated in insulin resistance and cardiovascular disease. This study was designed to investigate the relationship between cathepsin D and newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes. Methods. Circulating cathepsin D levels and metabolic variables were measured in 98 cases and 98 controls. Myocardial performance index “Tei index” that reflects both left ventricular systolic and diastolic function was measured with Doppler echocardiography in cases. Results. Newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes demonstrated significantly higher circulating cathepsin D concentrations than controls (median level: 227 ng/ml versus 174 ng/ml, P<0.01). In newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes, a significant correlation was found between cathepsin D levels and HOMA-IR (homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance) (r=0.25, P=0.01). In contrast, no significant correlation was found between cathepsin D levels and clinical parameters in the control group (all P>0.05). Interestingly, correlation analysis revealed a positive association between cathepsin D levels and Tei index in type 2 diabetes (r=0.22, P=0.03). Conclusions. Increased levels of circulating cathepsin D are closely linked with the presence of type 2 diabetes, and cathepsin D might serve as a novel biomarker for cardiac dysfunction in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes.

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Ma, Yuhang, Yufan Wang, Qianfang Huang, Qian Ren, Su Chen, Aifang Zhang, Li Zhao, Qin Zhen, and Yongde Peng. "ImpairedβCell Function in Chinese Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with Hyperlipidemia." Journal of Diabetes Research 2014 (2014): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/493039.

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The objective is to explore the effects of hyperlipidemia onβcell function in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). 208 patients were enrolled in the study and were divided into newly diagnosed T2DM with hyperlipidemia (132 patients) and without hyperlipidemia (76 patients). Demographic data, glucose levels, insulin levels, lipid profiles, homeostasis model assessment forβcell function index (HOMA-β), homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR), and quantitative insulin-sensitivity check index (QUICKI) were compared between the two groups. We found that comparing with those of normal lipid levels, the subjects of newly diagnosed T2DM with hyperlipidemia were younger, and had declined HOMA-β. However, the levels of HOMA-βwere comparable regardless of different lipid profiles (combined hyperlipidemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and hypercholesterolemia). Multiple stepwise linear regression analysis showed that high fasting plasma glucose (FPG), decreased fasting insulin level (FINS), and high triglyceride (TG) were independent risk factors ofβcell dysfunction in newly diagnosed T2DM. Therefore, the management of dyslipidemia, together with glucose control, may be beneficial for T2DM with hyperlipidemia.

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Rahman, Md Rezwanur, M. Iqbal Arslan, Md Mozammel Hoque, Md Waliur Rahman, and Shahana Shermin. "Diabetic Retinopathy and Homocysteine in Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus." Delta Medical College Journal 1, no. 2 (July 29, 2013): 37–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dmcj.v1i2.15916.

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Background: Diabetic retinopathy is the commonest complication that occurs from the very beginning in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). DM itself leads to increased homocysteine (Hcy) level. It is postulated that hyperhomocysteinaemia causes retinal vascular damage as Hcy is an established vasculotoxic agent and auto-oxidation of Hcy leads to oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, platelet activation and thrombus formation. Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the serum Hcy in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic subjects with diabetic retinopathy. Materials and method: A case control study was carried out in the department of Biochemistry, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, during the period of January 2006 to December 2007. Total 85 newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic subjects were included in this study, 40 were case having retinopathy and 45 were age and sex matched control without retinopathy. Serum Hcy was measured and compared between case and control. Results: Serum Hcy level in cases was significantly higher (p<0.05) compared to that of control (15.11±5.49 ?mol/L vs. 12.59±4.01 ?mol/L). Odds ratio was also determined for hyperhomocysteinemia (OR=2.23; CI 0.9-5.45). Conclusion: Hyperhomocysteinaemia is associated with diabetic retinopathy in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dmcj.v1i2.15916 Delta Med Col J. Jul 2013;1(2):37-41

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Pradeep Kumar, Bairapogu John, Maliyannar Itaggappa, and Kamandalagondi Vasudevareddy Thimmaraju. "Association of vitamin-D deficiency with oxidative stress in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 5, no. 12 (November 25, 2017): 5221. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20175132.

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Background: According to a recent World Health Organization (WHO) report, India, with 32 million diabetic individuals, currently has the highest incidence of diabetes worldwide; these numbers are predicted to increase to 80 million by the year 2030. Deficiency of vitamin D has been associated with increased risk of developing Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and cardiovascular diseases. Vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent in our country. About 70% of adults in both rural and urban areas were found showing manifestations of vitamin D deficiency. Therefore, we designed this study to assess the vitamin D status of the study population by measuring serum 25(OH) D levels, and its association with oxidative stress markers in type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods: This is a cross sectional study with Group 1 (n=147): Newly diagnosed type 2 diabetics and Group 2 (n=147): Apparently healthy individuals. Blood was collected by venipuncture. 5ml of blood was collected and allowed to clot. Serum was separated and stored in refrigerator to estimate the oxidative stress markers and vitamin D levels. Estimation of vitamin D levels and oxidative stress markers were carried out by commercially available kits.Results: Vitamin D levels are significantly low in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetics when compared to controls (p < 0.000), whereas the FBG levels are significantly high in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetics when compared to controls (p < 0.000). The TAOS levels are significantly low in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetics when compared to controls (p <0.000), whereas the MDA levels are significantly high in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetics when compared to controls (p < 0.000). The oxidative stress marker TAOS (r = 0.71; p < 0.000), was positively correlated and MDA (r = - 0.85; p < 0.000), was negatively with Vitamin D in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetics.Conclusions: From this study, it is concluded that, lower levels of vitamin D is associated with increased oxidative stress. Therapeutic interventions to increase the vitamin D levels and reduce the oxidative stress should be included as a part of treatment inn newly diagnosed type diabetics.

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Ryan, E. A., S. Imes, and C. Wallace. "Short-Term Intensive Insulin Therapy in Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes." Diabetes Care 27, no. 5 (April 26, 2004): 1028–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/diacare.27.5.1028.

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Erdem, G., T. Dogru, I. Tasci, A. Sonmez, and S. Tapan. "Low Plasma Apelin Levels in Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus." Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes 116, no. 05 (May 19, 2008): 289–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2007-1004564.

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Mihai, Doina Andrada, Iuliana Filip, Elena Caceaune, Daniela Drăgoescu, and Constantin Ionescu-Tîrgovişte. "Assessment of metabolic syndrome components in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes." Adipobiology 4 (December 31, 2012): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.14748/adipo.v4.285.

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Rathmann, Wolfgang, Oliver Kuß, Dörte Anderson, Stefan Busch, Michael Hahn, Johanna Engelhard, Ming Zou, and Karel Kostev. "Increased depression symptom score in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes patients." Psychiatry Research 261 (March 2018): 259–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2017.12.091.

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Spain, Margaret, and Barbara J. Edlund. "Pharmacological Management of Type 2 Diabetes in Newly Diagnosed Older Adults." Journal of Gerontological Nursing 35, no. 7 (June 22, 2009): 16–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3928/00989134-20090527-03.

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Sorokina, Yu A., L. V. Lovtsova, A. L. Urakov, and O. V. Zanozina. "Genetic Polymorphism in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus." Sovremennye tehnologii v medicine 11, no. 2 (June 2019): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.17691/stm2019.11.2.08.

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Zhang, D., L. Zhang, Y. Zheng, F. Yue, R. D. Russell, and Y. Zeng. "Circulating zonulin levels in newly diagnosed Chinese type 2 diabetes patients." Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice 106, no. 2 (November 2014): 312–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2014.08.017.

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Tamer, Gonca Incemehmet, Meral Mert, Ayse Uzum, Ahmet Ekmekci, Murat Mertoglu, Ilhan Satman, Nevin Dinccag, and Kubilay Karsidag. "HDL-C levels in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes in Turkey." International Journal of Diabetes in Developing Countries 35, no. 3 (October 12, 2014): 184–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13410-014-0210-2.

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Earnshaw, Stephanie R., Anke Richter, Stephen W. Sorensen, Thomas J. Hoerger, Katherine A. Hicks, Michael Engelgau, Ted Thompson, et al. "Optimal Allocation of Resources across Four Interventions for Type 2 Diabetes." Medical Decision Making 22, no. 1_suppl (September 2002): 80–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/027298902237704.

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Background Several interventions can be applied to prevent complications of type 2 diabetes. This article examines the optimal allocation of resources across 4 interventions to treat patients newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. The interventions are intensive glycemic control, intensified hypertension control, cholesterol reduction, and smoking cessation. Methods A linear programming model was designed to select sets of interventions to maximize quality-adjusted life years (QALYs), subject to varied budget and equity constraints. Results For no additional cost, approximately 211,000 QALYs can be gained over the lifetimes of all persons newly diagnosed with diabetes by implementing interventions rather than standard care. With increased availability of funds, additional health benefits can be gained but with diminishing marginal returns. The impact of equity constraints is extensive compared to the solution with the same intervention costs and no equity constraint. Under the conditions modeled, intensified hypertension control and smoking cessation interventions were provided most often, and intensive glycemic control and cholesterol reduction interventions were provided less often. Conclusions A resource allocation model identifies trade-offs involved when imposing budget and equity constraints on care for individuals with newly diagnosed diabetes.

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Chen, Wen-Jia, Yue Liu, Yu-Bin Sui, Bo Zhang, Xiao-Hui Zhang, and Xin-Hua Yin. "Increased circulating levels of musclin in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients." Diabetes and Vascular Disease Research 14, no. 2 (February 10, 2017): 116–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1479164116675493.

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Background: Musclin is a newly identified skeletal muscle–derived secretory factor, which has been recently characterized as a stimulator that induces insulin resistance in mice. However, the pathophysiological role of musclin in humans remains poorly understood. The aim of this study was to explore the potential correlations between musclin plasma levels and various metabolic parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Materials and methods: In this hospital-based study, plasma samples were collected from the enrolled individuals, including 38 newly diagnosed, treatment-naive type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and 41 age- and gender-matched control subjects. Plasma musclin levels were examined by radioimmunoassay. Results: Compared with the control group, musclin plasma levels were significantly higher in untreated type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Musclin levels in the plasma of newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus patients were positively correlated with fasting plasma glucose, haemoglobin A1c, serum insulin, triglycerides and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance. Furthermore, multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the level of musclin was associated with the presence of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis yielded an area under the curve for musclin of 0.718 in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Conclusion: The circulating concentration of musclin was significantly increased in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Our results suggest that musclin has a strong relationship with insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

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Florea, Mirela, Cristina Niţă, Răzvan Florea, and Nicolae Hâncu. "Cardio-Metabolic Risk Factors Control in Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetic Subjects." Romanian Journal of Diabetes Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases 20, no. 3 (September 1, 2013): 279–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/rjdnmd-2013-0026.

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Abstract Background and Aims. The aim of this study was to assess the control of the cardiometabolic risk factors in subjects with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes (T2DM) one year after initiating the clinical management. Material and Methods. We conducted a prospective observational study including 673 persons with newly diagnosed T2DM, registered at the Clinical Center of Diabetes Cluj-Napoca, between 2006-2008. Results: Of the total T2DM subjects who were followed-up until the end of the first year after diagnosis, the proportion of those reaching the optimal goals for major risk factors was 72.1% for HbA1c, 58.6% for blood pressure (BP) and 40.3% for LDL cholesterol. All three goals were met by only 6.9%. Achieving glycemic targets is associated with a lower HbA1c value at diagnosis (OR:0.66, 95%IC: 0.54-0.81). The parameters which were initially identified as associated with achieving the objectives of the clinical management were represented by age, male gender, clinical parameters (HbA1c, body mass index, BP), hypertension, pharmacotherapy. Conclusions: Implementing clinical management in newly diagnosed T2DM subjects resulted in improved glycemic control and cardiovascular risk factors one year after diagnosis. The management of newly diagnosed people with T2DM focused specifically on achieving the glycemic target

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Afrin, Sajeda, Chandra Rani Sarkar, ATM Zoadur Rahim Zahid, and Neaz Ahmed. "Thyroid function in type 2 diabetes mellitus." Journal of Bangladesh Society of Physiologist 12, no. 2 (January 22, 2018): 61–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbsp.v12i2.35424.

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Background: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and thyroid disorder are common endocrine disorders that affect major population worldwide. Subclinical hypothyroidism is common among T2DM.Objectives: To observe thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), total thyroxine (TT4), free thyroxine (FT4), total triiodothyronine (TT3), free triiodothyronine (FT3) levels in newly diagnosed T2DM.Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted from July 2014 to June 2015. For this, 50 newly diagnosed T2DM patients aged 30 to 50 years of both sexes were enrolled from the Out Patient Department of Endocrinology, Rangpur Medical College and Diabetic Association, Rangpur. Fifty age matched non-diabetic healthy subjects of both sexes constituted control. Serum TSH, TT4 , FT4, TT3, FT3 levels were estimated to observe thyroid function. All these hormones were estimated by ELISA method. For statistical analysis independent sample “t” test was performed.Results: Serum TSH was significantly higher (p<0.001) and serum TT4, FT4, FT3 levels were significantly lower (p<0.001) in T2DM compared to control. Eight (16%) of T2DM were hypothyroid.Conclusion: From this study it can be concluded that altered thyroid status leading to hypothyroidism may be associated with T2DM.Bangladesh Soc Physiol. 2017, December; 12(2): 61-64

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