Journal articles: 'New Zealand Samoans'

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Vaa, Leulu Felise. "The Future of Western Samoan Migration to New Zealand." Asian and Pacific Migration Journal 1, no. 2 (June 1992): 313–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/011719689200100206.

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The history of Samoan migration to New Zealand, a demographic profile of the migrants, and the future of such migration are discussed. Migration became a serious phenomenon after independence in 1962, with primarily young, unskilled workers moving to take up jobs in the agricultural and service sectors. Remaining essentially unchanged since 1962, New Zealand's immigration policy gives preferential treatment to Western Samoans and recognizes their valuable labor contribution. The future of migration to New Zealand is discussed in the context of the costs and benefits to Western Samoa. Contrary to some observers, the author argues that emigration has been beneficial rather than deleterious to Western Samoa's development and predicts the continuation of Samoan migration to New Zealand, Australia, United States and other countries, with increased emphasis on family reunion.

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Norris, Pauline, Marianna Churchward, Fuafiva Fa'alau, and Cecilia Vaai. "Understanding and use of antibiotics amongst Samoan people in New Zealand." Journal of Primary Health Care 1, no. 1 (2009): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/hc09030.

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INTRODUCTION: Use of antibiotics is high in Samoa and this may affect the expectations and patterns of antibiotic use of Samoans in New Zealand. AIM: This study examined the understanding and reported use of antibiotics amongst Samoans in New Zealand. METHODS: In-depth interviews were held with 13 Samoans in New Zealand. These interviews were analysed and used to develop a questionnaire that was administered to 112 Samoans attending health care facilities in New Zealand. RESULTS: Many participants had little understanding of antibiotics. Less than 2% identified the correct purpose for antibiotics, and 66% thought they were used to relieve pain. Respondents regarded a wide range of medicines (including some which they regularly took) as antibiotics. They frequently attributed colds and flu to environmental conditions (96%), and regarded antibiotics as a useful treatment for them (81%). They reported stopping taking antibiotics before finishing the course. Very few (8%) were aware of antibiotic resistance. DISCUSSION: Health care practitioners cannot assume that patients share a Western scientific understanding of which illnesses are caused by microbes, or what antibiotics are or do. People may have significant confusion about the medicines they take. Samoans, whether they are born in New Zealand or not, may hold traditional Samoan views about health and illness. KEYWORDS: Antibiotics, lay knowledge, URTI (upper respiratory tract infections), Samoa, New Zealand

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Rimoni, Fuapepe. "Tama Samoa: Exploring Identities in Secondary School." New Zealand Annual Review of Education 22 (December 19, 2017): 112. http://dx.doi.org/10.26686/nzaroe.v22i0.4151.

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This paper draws on a recent doctoral study which demonstrated ways that Tama Samoa (Samoan boys) enact their identities as Samoans authentically within the New Zealand secondary school context. Identity is complex and is not generally taken into consideration in the literature on education success and achievement of Pacific students in New Zealand. Recognising Pacific identities as being fluid, diverse and multi-dimensional, and engaging with the voices of tama Samoa enables a greater understanding and thus better support for tama Samoa and their educational success within the secondary school context.

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Thode-Arora, Hilke. "“The Samoans Are Here!”: Samoan Ethnic Shows, 1895–1911." East Central Europe 47, no. 2-3 (November 9, 2020): 233–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.30965/18763308-04702004.

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Abstract Between 1895 and 1911, three groups of Samoans traveled to Germany to take part in ethnic shows. There were titled and high-ranking persons in each of the groups. This article explores the recruiting, organizing, and reception of the shows, contextualizing the European and Samoan perspectives, which differed significantly. In addition to written, visual, and material sources in Samoan, New Zealand, and European archives and museums, the research is based on interviews with descendants of the Samoan travelers who could still be traced.

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Cho, Ching. "A finger dermatoglyphics of the new Zealand‐Samoans." Korean Journal of Biological Sciences 2, no. 4 (January 1998): 507–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/12265071.1998.9647453.

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Hiery, Hermann. "West Samoans between Germany and New Zealand 1914–1921." War & Society 10, no. 1 (May 1992): 53–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/072924792791198986.

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Perkins, Kym C., Robert Ware, Lemalu Felise Tautalasoo, Ranandy Stanley, Lote Scanlan-Savelio, and Lisa Schubert. "Dietary habits of Samoan adults in an urban Australian setting: a cross-sectional study." Public Health Nutrition 19, no. 5 (August 25, 2015): 788–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980015001998.

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AbstractObjectiveTo describe key characteristics of the dietary habits of Samoans residing in Logan, Queensland and to compare these characteristics with comparable populations.DesignDietary intake was measured using a self-administered structured questionnaire between December 2012 and March 2013. Demographic characteristics included age and sex. Questionnaire results were compared with data from samples of Brisbane residents of similar social and economic characteristics and Pacific Islanders in New Zealand. The association between demographic characteristics and diet was investigated.SettingLogan, Queensland, Australia.SubjectsSamoans aged 16 years and older.ResultsA total of 207 Samoans participated, ninety-six (46 %) of whom were male. Of the participants, seventy-nine (38 %) were aged 16–29 years, sixty-three (30 %) were aged 30–49 years and sixty-five (31 %) were aged ≥50 years. Younger adults were significantly more likely to eat hamburgers, pizza, cakes, savoury pastries, potato crisps, sweets and soft drinks (all variablesP<0·001). Among Samoans, 44·7 % consumed two or more pieces of fruit daily, compared with 43·8 % of comparable Brisbane residents (relative risk=1·0; 95 % CI 0·8, 1·2). Three or more servings of vegetables each day were consumed by 9·2 % of Samoans compared with 36·6 % of comparable Brisbane residents (relative risk=3·8; 95 % CI 2·5, 6·0).ConclusionsSamoans are consuming significantly fewer vegetables and more discretionary foods than other populations. Socio-economic factors, length of stay in Australia and cultural practices may impact upon Samoans’ diets. Further comprehensive studies on Samoans’ dietary habits in Australia are recommended.

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Tiatia-Seath, Jemaima. "Pacific peoples, mental health service engagement and suicide prevention in Aotearoa New Zealand." Ethnicity and Inequalities in Health and Social Care 7, no. 3 (September 9, 2014): 111–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eihsc-10-2013-0023.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to discuss the engagement of Pacific peoples in mental health services in Aotearoa New Zealand and Pacific strategies for suicide prevention. Design/methodology/approach – This qualitative study involved 22 interviews with Samoans who had made a suicide attempt and/or had suicide ideation, were engaged in a mental health service. Findings – Narratives of mental health services and suicide prevention focused on issues of cultural competency, the importance of family involvement, dichotomous views of western and traditional beliefs around mental illness and the unsuccessful engagement of Pacific youth. Originality/value – This research argues that cultural considerations for Pacific communities are of paramount importance if mental health service engagement and developments towards Pacific suicide prevention strategies are to be effective.

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Bell, A. Colin, Boyd A. Swinburn, Henga Amosa, Robert Scragg, and Susan J. Sharpe. "The Impact of Modernisation on the Diets of Adults Aged 20-40 Years from Samoan Church Communities in Auckland." Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health 11, no. 1 (January 1999): 4–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/101053959901100102.

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The objective of this study was to describe the food and nutrient intakes of adults in three Samoan church communities located in Auckland, New Zealand. The study had a cross-sectional design and measured usual dietary intake in 437 participants, aged 20 years and over, using a self-completed, 89-item quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Median daily energy and nutrient intakes were calculated and compared by gender and age groups. Men obtained a significantly (p<0.05) lower proportion of their energy from breads and cereals, fruits and vegetables and fats and oils than women. Compared to those aged 40+ years, those aged <40 obtained a significantly (p<0.01) lower proportion of their energy from meat, pulses and eggs, fruit and vegetables, and starchy staples. A significantly (p<0.01) higher proportion of their energy intake came from takeaways, soft drinks, snacks and dairy products. Nutrient analysis revealed that those aged <40 years obtained significantly (p<.001) more energy from fat and sugar, and less energy from protein (p<0.001) than the older group. They also had significantly lower intakes, per 1000 kilocalories, of a wide selection of vitamins and minerals. A dietary transition has occurred for New Zealand Samoans, reflecting a shift from traditional to modern dietary patterns and a decline in the nutritional quality of the diet.

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Simmons, D., C. Fleming, J. Voyle, F. Fou, S. Feo, and B. Gatland. "A pilot urban church-based programme to reduce risk factors for diabetes among Western Samoans in New Zealand." Diabetic Medicine 15, no. 2 (February 1998): 136–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1096-9136(199802)15:2<136::aid-dia530>3.0.co;2-p.

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Bell, A. Colin, Boyd A. Swinburn, Henga Amosa, Robert Scragg, and Susan J. Sharpe. "Measuring the dietary intake of Samoans living in New Zealand: Comparison of a food frequency questionnaire and a 7 day diet record." Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition 8, no. 2 (June 1999): 149–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-6047.1999.00089.x.

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Abbott, Max W., and Maynard M. Williams. "Postnatal Depressive Symptoms Among Pacific Mothers in Auckland: Prevalence and Risk Factors." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 40, no. 3 (March 2006): 230–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/j.1440-1614.2006.01779.x.

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Objective: To assess the prevalence of and risk factors for postnatal depressive symptoms in a cohort of mothers of Pacific Island infants in Auckland, New Zealand. Method: The data were gathered as part of the Pacific Island Families Study, in which 1376 mothers were interviewed when their babies were 6 weeks old. The interview included the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). Results: 16.4% of mothers were assessed as probably experiencing depression. Prevalence rates varied from 7.6% for Samoans to 30.9% for Tongans. In addition to ethnicity, risk factors identified by stepwise multiple logistic regression included low Pacific Island acculturation, first birth, stress due to insufficient food, household income less than $40 000, difficulty with transport, dissatisfaction with pregnancy, birth experience, baby's sleep patterns, partner relationship and home. A large prevalence difference between Tongans and other groups remained when the effects of other risk factors were controlled statistically. Conclusions: The prevalence of depressive symptoms among Pacific mothers is at the upper end of the range typically reported. Focus on the overall rate, however, obscures substantial variation between groups. Risk factors are generally similar to those identified in previous research. Implications: The findings have implications for prevention and treatment and caution against assuming homogeneity within ethnic categories. Further research is required to explain differences in prevalence between Tongan and other Pacific Island groups.

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Podbrežnik, Andrej. "New Zealand and Slovenia : cultural contacts, 1923-2000." Acta Neophilologica 36, no. 1-2 (December 1, 2003): 3–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/an.36.1-2.3-26.

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Situated many thousands of miles apart, possessing very different historical experiences and occupying different positions in the world, Slovenia and New Zealand nonetheless share a number of common features as a result of the political, economic and cultural contacts that have been estab lished between the two countries. The author of this paper attempts to gauge the intensity of the contacts, mostly cultural, that have been forged between the two countries, with an emphasis on descriptions of New Zealand and portrayals of its people in the work of some of Slovenia's most outstanding travel writers. Alma Karlin (Samotno potovanje), Miran Ogrin (Na jugu sveta) and Tomo Križnar (Samotne sledi) have all succeeded in acquainting the Slovene reading public with New Zealand and its people and culture. So that readers might understand more fully the observa tions offered by these writers, the author of this paper provides background information in the{orm of a short account of the history of New Zealand and of New Zealand literature, going on to focus on those New Zealand writers whose work has been translated into Slovene, most notably Katherine Mansfield. Other writers whose work has been translated include Janet Frame, Dorothy Eden, Ngaio Marsh, Stephanie Johnson and Samuel Butler.

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SMITH, J. M. B., and G. M. COOK. "A decade of community MRSA in New Zealand." Epidemiology and Infection 133, no. 5 (April 1, 2005): 899–904. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268805004024.

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In 1992, isolates with a distinctive phage pattern were identified amongst the 186 MRSA recovered in New Zealand. These unusual isolates were recovered in the Auckland region from individuals who came from or had visited Western Samoa, and were called Western Samoan phage pattern (WSPP) MRSA. They were almost exclusively community based and were mainly responsible for the alarming 15-fold increase in MRSA seen in New Zealand over the next 6 years. Since 2000, the number of infections attributable to WSPP MRSA appears to be declining. WSPP isolates are clonal, possess a unique type IV SCCmec element, and a distinctive multilocus sequence allelic profile (ST30). WSPP isolates are invariably not multiresistant with methicillin MICs generally [les ]32 μg/ml. Virulence of the WSPP clone appears to be related to its adhesive and consistent toxin- (e.g. Panton–Valentine leukocidin, α- and γ-haemolysins) producing capabilities. Isolates are most frequently associated with cutaneous lesions in younger age groups. Since 1998, MRSA isolates belonging to the UK-derived EMRSA-15 strain (also type IV SCCmec) have continued to increase in New Zealand, and together with WSPP, these strains now dominate MRSA isolations in New Zealand.

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Oosterman, Allison. "Malcolm Ross and the Samoan ‘troubles’ of 1899." Pacific Journalism Review : Te Koakoa 14, no. 2 (September 1, 2008): 163–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/pjr.v14i2.950.

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New Zealand journalist Malcolm Ross was a witness to the international rivalries over Samoa between Germany, Britain and the United States, which came to a head in 1899. Civil war had broken out after the death of King Malietoa Laupepa in August 1898 over who would be his successor. The United States and Britain stepped in and supported Laupepa’s son while Germany supported a rival claimant, Mataafa. Malcolm Ross went to Samoa in late January to report on the ‘troubles’ for three New Zealand daily newspapers, the Otago Daily Times, The Press and the Evening Post. The Samoan trip was Ross’s first experience as a war correspondent, although not everybody saw the conflict as war. This article examines Ross’s coverage of four months of the conflict until the cessation of hostilities when a three-man commission was established to look into the troubles and offer a solution. The article will assess Ross’s work as a journalist in a ‘war zone’. The freedom with which he was able to operate in Samoa was not to be repeated, especially once he had become the country’s official war correspondent during World War I.

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Norris, Pauline, Fuafiva Fa'alau, Cecilia Va'ai, Marianna Churchward, and Bruce Arroll. "Navigating Between Illness Paradigms: Treatment Seeking by Samoan People in Samoa and New Zealand." Qualitative Health Research 19, no. 10 (October 2009): 1466–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1049732309348364.

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CRIBB, JO. "Being Bashed: Western Samoan women's responses to domestic violence in Western Samoa and New Zealand." Gender, Place & Culture 6, no. 1 (March 1999): 49–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09663699925141.

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Maslen-Miller, Amy, Robert A. Fullerton, Angelika Tugaga, Faalelei Tunupopo, Seeseei Molimau-Samasoni, Joanna K. Bowen, Robin M. MacDiarmid, and Joy L. Tyson. "Symptom expression of Phytophthora colocasiae in inoculated taro corms." New Zealand Plant Protection 73 (January 27, 2020): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.30843/nzpp.2020.73.11012.

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Taro leaf blight (TLB), caused by Phytophthora colocasiae, is normally characterised by leaf lesions. There are isolated reports of P. colocasiae causing a corm rot but the symptoms are not well defined and have not been recorded in Samoa. Here we report on an inoculation method and describe the symptoms of corm rot caused by P. colocasiae. In this study, a corm inoculation method was developed in physical containment laboratories in New Zealand and subsequent symptom development studies were undertaken on TLB-tolerant taro cultivars in Apia, Samoa. The Samoan TLB-tolerant taro cultivars were able to be wound-infected with P. colocasiae and the results confirm previous descriptions of P. colocasiae infection giving rise to light brown firm rots in corms. This work has allowed the pictorial record of corm rots to be updated, potentially providing for better distinction between corm rots caused by P. colocasiae and those caused by other pathogens, such as Fusarium spp.

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Bush, Allister, Sunny Collings, Kiwi Tamasese, and Charles Waldegrave. "Samoan and Psychiatrists' Perspectives on the Self: Qualitative Comparison." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 39, no. 7 (July 2005): 621–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/j.1440-1614.2005.01635.x.

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Objectives: To compare psychiatrists' perspectives on the meaning of self, in general adult public practice psychiatry in the Wellington region of New Zealand, with a Samoan view of self and to discuss the implications for the practice of psychiatry with Samoan people in New Zealand. Method: A focus group of psychiatrists was convened for three sessions. A Samoan view of self was presented to the participants. Transcripts of the focus groups were analysed using inductive content analysis and a process of cultural accountability was included in the research design. Results: Individual and secular notions of self dominated the psychiatrists' perspectives and contrasted with the primacy of relational and spiritual notions of self in Samoan culture. Psychiatrists experienced a sense of cultural ‘dissonance’ on first exposure to the Samoan views. The Samoan notion of self was considered to challenge the universalist assumptions of Western psychiatric theories as understood by the participants. The Samoan relational notion of self had implications for clinical interviewing, understanding of phenomenology, formulation and treatment planning with Samoan patients and their families. Conclusions: Dedicated Samoan or Pacific Island mental health services would allow culture-specific concepts central to an understanding of mental health to be embedded in service delivery. The process used in this study and the notion of dialectical tension could be used in the cultural education of mental health clinicians. The cultural accountability process models an important aspect of such training.

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Khoo, Chris, Nico Schulenkorf, and Daryl Adair. "The benefits and limitations of using cricket as a sport for development tool in Samoa." Cosmopolitan Civil Societies: An Interdisciplinary Journal 6, no. 1 (September 9, 2014): 76–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/ccs.v6i1.3737.

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This study investigates benefits and challenges associated with the use of sport – in this case cricket – as a community development tool in Samoa. This Pacific Island nation, like others in the region, has been the focus of various development programs in the post-colonial era, with developed economy neighbours like Australia and New Zealand providing aid funding. Some of that has involved sport as a development tool, underpinned either by funding from the national government, foreign aid agencies, or a combination of both. The present paper, by focusing on a cricket for development (CFD) program in Samoa, aims to explore outcomes and limitations associated with the use of sport as a community engagement tool. The paper pursues that goal by examining the activities of relevant sport and government organisations, and – most crucially – it interviews key stakeholders involved in the CFD process in Samoa. In short, the prime purpose of this paper is to identify and interpret – from the perspective of locals – whether the CFD program has brought benefits to Samoan communities, and the challenges and limitations they see thus far. This is important because, to date, there has been an absence of qualitative inquiry into the efficacy of sport for development (SFD) programs in Samoa, and very limited research in a Pacific Islands context.

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McNeill, Henrietta. "Oceania’s ‘crimmigration creep’: Are deportation and reintegration norms being diffused?" Journal of Criminology 54, no. 3 (April 22, 2021): 305–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00048658211008952.

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The trend of deportation of convicted non-citizens to the Pacific has grown over the last decade, due to increasingly harsh deportation punitive measures placed on non-citizens, known as crimmigration. When further parole-like policies and legislation are placed upon the returnee once they have completed their sentence and have been returned to their country of origin, it is known as ‘crimmigration creep’. ‘Crimmigration creep’ has been seen in the New Zealand Returning Offenders (Management and Information) Act (2015), and appears to be proposed in the similar Samoan Returning Offenders Bill (2019). This article tests the diffusion of ‘crimmigration creep’ to understand how international relations norm diffusion theory can be applied to border criminology concepts. This is done within a norm circulation model, and by testing the normative strength of ‘crimmigration creep’ in Samoa.

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Muaiava, Sadat Petelo. "The Feagaiga and Faife’au ‘Kids’ (FKs): An Examination of the Experiences of Parsonage Children of the Samoan Congregational Denomination in New Zealand." Journal of Pastoral Care & Counseling: Advancing theory and professional practice through scholarly and reflective publications 71, no. 1 (March 2017): 27–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1542305016687580.

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This article examines the experiences of faife’au ‘kids’ (clergy children) of the Samoan Congregational Christian Church denomination in New Zealand. The paper investigates the effects the indigenous concept of feagaiga (covenant) has on faife’au kids (FKs) parsonage experiences. Additionally, the Eurocentric concept of ‘tagata’ese’ (stranger) is also investigated. As part of a master’s research study, Talanoa sessions were conducted with eight FKs of the Congregational denomination in New Zealand. Participants were mainly from the Wellington and Auckland regions.

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Larner, Wendy. "Labour Migration and Female Labour: Samoan Women in New Zealand." Australian and New Zealand Journal of Sociology 27, no. 1 (March 1991): 19–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/144078339102700102.

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Tamasese, Kiwi, Carmel Peteru, Charles Waldegrave, and Allister Bush. "Ole Taeao Afua, the New Morning: A Qualitative Investigation Into Samoan Perspectives on Mental Health and Culturally Appropriate Services." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 39, no. 4 (April 2005): 300–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/j.1440-1614.2005.01572.x.

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Objectives: The first objective was to develop a culturally appropriate research method to investigate Samoan perspectives on mental health issues. The second objective was to apply this to identify cultural values and understandings important in the care and treatment of Samoan people with mental health problems. Method: Gender-specific focus groups consisting of Samoan elders and service providers were facilitated by Samoan researchers in the Samoan language. Systematic analysis of the transcripts, adapted to the cultural context, were conducted in Samoan and later translated into English. Results: A culturally derived method, referred to as Fa'afaletui, reflecting Samoan communal values and familiar institutional structures within the community, allowed each focus group to come to a consensual view on issues discussed. The Samoan self was identified as an essential concept for understanding Samoan views of mental health. This self was described as a relational self and mental wellness as a state of relational harmony, where personal elements of spiritual, mental and physical are in balance. Mental ill health was sometimes linked to breaches of forbidden and sacred relationships, which could be addressed effectively only within protocols laid down in the culture. Additional stressors contributing to mental ill-health were identified as low income, unemployment, rising housing costs and the marginalization of Samoan cultural norms in New Zealand. Participants identified the need for a culturally based mental health service for Samoan people to address key cultural factors. Conclusions: The Fa'afaletui method is a new research method which is sensitive and responsive to Samoan cultural norms and is methodologically rigorous. Such an approach may be relevant for other Pacific Island cultures and other cultures, which have a strong emphasis on collectivity. The Samoan concept of self provides a theoretical foundation for understanding the mental health needs of Samoan people and a basis for developing appropriate services.

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Signal, Louise, Tolotea Lanumata, Jo-Ani Robinson, Aliitasi Tavila, Jenny Wilton, and Cliona Ni Mhurchu. "Perceptions of New Zealand nutrition labels by Māori, Pacific and low-income shoppers." Public Health Nutrition 11, no. 7 (July 2008): 706–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980007001395.

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AbstractBackgroundIn New Zealand the burden of nutrition-related disease is greatest among Māori, Pacific and low-income peoples. Nutrition labels have the potential to promote healthy food choices and eating behaviours. To date, there has been a noticeable lack of research among indigenous peoples, ethnic minorities and low-income populations regarding their perceptions, use and understanding of nutrition labels. Our aim was to evaluate perceptions of New Zealand nutrition labels by Māori, Pacific and low-income peoples and to explore improvements or alternatives to current labelling systems.MethodsMāori, Samoan and Tongan researchers recruited participants who were regular food shoppers. Six focus groups were conducted which involved 158 people in total: one Māori group, one Samoan, one Tongan, and three low-income groups.ResultsMāori, Pacific and low-income New Zealanders rarely use nutrition labels to assist them with their food purchases for a number of reasons, including lack of time to read labels, lack of understanding, shopping habits and relative absence of simple nutrition labels on the low-cost foods they purchase.ConclusionsCurrent New Zealand nutrition labels are not meeting the needs of those who need them most. Possible improvements include targeted social marketing and education campaigns, increasing the number of low-cost foods with voluntary nutrition labels, a reduction in the price of ‘healthy’ food, and consideration of an alternative mandatory nutrition labelling system that uses simple imagery like traffic lights.

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Starks, Donna. "National and ethnic identity markers." English World-Wide 29, no. 2 (April 23, 2008): 176–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/eww.29.2.04sta.

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The New Zealand (NZ) short front vowels are often considered as a defining feature of New Zealand English (NZE), yet research which has considered data from both the Pakeha (NZ European) and the NZ Maori communities has noted slightly different patterns in the realisations of the vowel in the KIT lexical set in the respective communities (Bell 1997a, b; Warren and Bauer 2004). This paper compares the short front vowel series of NZ Maori students with that of NZ Samoan, Tongan, Cook Island and Niuean students and demonstrates how the NZ short front vowel series mark both similarity and difference across NZ communities. Our findings show that NZ Maori students have a greater degree of centralisation in their KIT vowel and a greater degree of raising of their DRESS and TRAP vowels than their NZ Pasifika counterparts. However, the manner in which the vowels raise and centralise distinguishes NZ Maori and Cook Island students from their NZ Samoan, Tongan and Niuean cohorts. The latter observation highlights problems with the pan-ethnic “Pasifika” label used to distinguish NZ Maori from other NZ Polynesian communities.

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Gibson, Andy, and Allan Bell. "Performing Pasifika English in New Zealand." English World-Wide 31, no. 3 (October 11, 2010): 231–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/eww.31.3.01gib.

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bro’Town is a popular animated comedy whose language is that of stylized performance. It deals with the adventures of a group of five teenage Pasifika boys growing up in Auckland, New Zealand, and showcases performances of the Englishes spoken by Polynesian immigrants and their descendants. A range of varieties are performed on the show by a handful of actors. We analyzed several linguistic variables in the speech of three of the main characters — the 14-year-old twins Vale and Valea, and their father Pepelo. Pepelo produces high levels of the vernacular features of DH-stopping and TH-fronting, consistent with his biography as a second-language speaker whose pronunciation is influenced by his native language, Samoan. His sons, as second-generation speakers, have these features too but at lower frequencies. The twins also differ from each other, with the streetwise Valea, who is more aligned with Pasifika youth culture, producing higher levels of the variables than the studious Vale. Pepelo produces unaspirated initial /p/s, again a Pasifika language feature, while his sons do not. Linking-/r/, however, appears to index a youth identity but not adult immigrant status. We conclude that performed varieties can reflect the linguistic production of a community in their selection of specific features. The quantitative patterns can be quite variable, but here succeed in indexing salient identities for their audiences.

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Enari, Dion, and Innez Haua. "A Māori and Pasifika Label—An Old History, New Context." Genealogy 5, no. 3 (July 29, 2021): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genealogy5030070.

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The term ‘Māori and Pasifika’ is widely used in Aotearoa, New Zealand to both unite and distinguish these peoples and cultures. As a collective noun of separate peoples, Māori and Pasifika are used to acknowledge the common Pacific ancestry that both cultures share, whilst distinguishing Māori as Indigenous peoples of Aotearoa (New Zealand), and Pasifika as migrants from other lands in the Pacific region. The term ‘Māori and Pasifika’ is a ‘label’ established in New Zealand to combine the minority cultural populations of both Māori, and Pacific migrant peoples, into a category defined by New Zealand policy and discourse. Migration for Māori and Pasifika to Australia (from Aotearoa) has generated new discussion amongst these diasporic communities (in Australia) on the appropriate collective term(s) to refer to Māori and Pasifika peoples and cultures. Some believe that in Australia, Māori should no longer be distinguished from Pasifika as they are not Indigenous (to Australia), while others believe the distinction should continue upon migration. Through the voices of Samoan and Māori researchers who reside in Australia, insider voices are honoured and cultural genealogy is privileged in this discussion of the label ‘Māori and Pasifika’ in the Australian context.

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Tiatia, Jemaima. "Commentary on ‘Cultural Diversity Across the Pacific’: Samoan Cultural Constructs of Emotion, New Zealand-Born Samoan Youth Suicidal Behaviours, and Culturally Competent Human Services." Journal of Pacific Rim Psychology 6, no. 2 (November 22, 2012): 75–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/prp.2012.9.

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A recent special section on cultural diversity across the Pacific, in this journal, highlighted the need for greater alignment between human services and cultural diversity in the region. Alignment entails detailing a local context. Samoan cultural constructs of emotion, particularly anger and shame, may precede suicidal behaviours among New Zealand-born (NZ-born) Samoan youth. These behaviours can stem from perceived ruptures in family unity, as youth partly identify with majority norms. A barrier to integration faced by acculturating youth is that the young person either lives with the shame of their offence, or avoids it by taking their life. It seems Samoan cultural constructs of emotion must be considered in effective service delivery for this population. Consistent with the articles in the special section, suicide prevention should focus on developing culturally competent tools tailored for NZ-born Samoan youth, so they may communicate their feelings without fear of disrupting cultural prescriptions and expectations, as well as functioning successfully in both the Samoan and Western worlds. Although the point is discussed in relation to one special population in the Pacific region, it is consistent with an emergent theme in the special section and subsequent commentaries: the need to integrate and acculturate human services.

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Rinehart, Robert E. "New Critical Pan-Pacific Qualitative Inquiry." International Review of Qualitative Research 11, no. 1 (February 2018): 28–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/irqr.2018.11.1.28.

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In this piece, I explore two related issues of new critical Indigenous research. First, building on previous work, I recap the similarities and differences—in terms of social justice issues—of several historical cases regarding Indigenous peoples. I then examine the role of respect—especially “reciprocal respect”—in Pan-Pacific Indigenous research and give exemplars from New Zealand, Filipino, Aboriginal, and Samoan contexts as discussion points that ground a larger examination of mutual respect, mutuality, and cooperative behaviour. Finally, I suggest that the historical treatments of various Indigenous peoples to this day impact upon the form and tenor of critical Indigenous research.

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Robie, David. "‘Drugs, guns and gangs’: Case studies on Pacific states and how they deploy NZ media regulators." Pacific Journalism Review 18, no. 1 (May 31, 2012): 105. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/pjr.v18i1.292.

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Media freedom and the capacity for investigative journalism have been steadily eroded in the South Pacific in the past five years in the wake of an entrenched coup and censorship in Fiji. The muzzling of the Fiji press, for decades one of the Pacific’s media trendsetters, has led to the emergence of a culture of self-censorship and a trend in some Pacific countries to harness New Zealand’s regulatory and self-regulatory media mechanisms to stifle unflattering reportage. The regulatory Broadcasting Standards Authority (BSA) and the self-regulatory NZ Press Council have made a total of four adjudications on complaints by both the Fiji military-backed regime and the Samoan government and in one case a NZ cabinet minister. The complaints have been twice against Fairfax New Zealand media—targeting a prominent regional print journalist with the first complaint in March 2008—and twice against television journalists, one of them against the highly rated current affairs programme Campbell Live. One complaint, over the reporting of Fiji, was made by NZ’s Rugby World Cup Minister. All but one of the complaints have been upheld by the regulatory/self-regulatory bodies. The one unsuccessful complaint is currently the subject of a High Court appeal by the Samoan Attorney-General’s Office and is over a television report that won the journalists concerned an investigative journalism award. This article examines case studies around this growing trend and explores the strategic impact on regional media and investigative journalism.

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Aldrich, Robert. "The Decolonisation of the Pacific Islands." Itinerario 24, no. 3-4 (November 2000): 173–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0165115300014558.

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At the end of the Second World War, the islands of Polynesia, Melanesia and Micronesia were all under foreign control. The Netherlands retained West New Guinea even while control of the rest of the Dutch East Indies slipped away, while on the other side of the South Pacific, Chile held Easter Island. Pitcairn, the Gilbert and Ellice Islands, Fiji and the Solomon Islands comprised Britain's Oceanic empire, in addition to informal overlordship of Tonga. France claimed New Caledonia, the French Establishments in Oceania (soon renamed French Polynesia) and Wallis and Futuna. The New Hebrides remained an Anglo-French condominium; Britain, Australia and New Zealand jointly administered Nauru. The United States' territories included older possessions – the Hawaiian islands, American Samoa and Guam – and the former Japanese colonies of the Northern Marianas, Mar-shall Islands and Caroline Islands administered as a United Nations trust territory. Australia controlled Papua and New Guinea (PNG), as well as islands in the Torres Strait and Norfolk Island; New Zealand had Western Samoa, the Cook Islands, Niue and Tokelau. No island group in Oceania, other than New Zealand, was independent.

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33

Austin, AD, and PC Dangerfield. "Synopsis of Australasian Microgastrinae (Hymenoptera : Braconidae), with a key to genera and description of new taxa." Invertebrate Systematics 6, no. 1 (1992): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/it9920001.

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The genera of microgastrine braconid wasps present in the Australasian region (defined as Australia, New Zealand, New Caledonia, New Guinea, Solomon Is, Fiji Is, Samoan Is, Cook Is, but not French Polynesia) are reviewed. An illustrated key to genera, comments on their taxonomy, and information on the distribution and host relationships of species are provided. Following examination of holotypes, the generic placement of all species recorded from the region is reassessed since a recent generic reclassification of the subfamily left most of the Australasian species incorrectly placed. Parapanteles Ashmead (N.T.), Fornicia Brullé (Qld) and Deuterixys Mason (Qld) are recorded from Australasia for the first time, while Buluka De Seager, Parenion Nixon, Snellenius Westwood and Wilkinsonellus Mason, previously known from Australasia, are recorded from mainland Australia for the first time. The genus Austrocotesia is described as new [with A. exigua, sp. nov. (Papua New Guinea) as the type species], along with the following 14 species: Austrocotesia delicata, sp. nov. (Papua New Guinea, Qld), A. paradoxa, sp. nov. (Papua New Guinea), Buluka collessi, sp. nov. (Qld), Deuterixys anica, sp. nov. (Vic., N.S. W., Qld), Fornicia commoni, sp. nov. (Qld), Glyptapanteles deliasa, sp. nov. (S.A.), Microgaster nixoni, sp. nov. (Tas., N.S.W.), Parapanteles masoni, sp. nov. (N.T.), Parenion beelaronga, sp. nov. (Qld), P. bootha, sp. nov. (Qld), Sathon albicoxa, sp. nov. (Tas., Vic., N.S.W.), S. naryciae, sp. nov. (Vic.), Wilkinsonellus amplus, sp. nov. (Qld, N.T.) and W. tomi, sp. nov. (Papua New Guinea, New Britain, Qld). Glyptapanteles guyanensis (Cameron), comb. nov. is excluded from the Australasian fauna; the name Glyptapanteles fullawayi, nom. nov. (Samoa) is proposed for Apanteles opercuiinae var. polita Fullaway; lectotypes are designated for Cotesia deliadis (Bingham), comb. nov. (Qld), C. philoeampa (Cameron), comb. nov. (N.S.W) and C. rufiventris (Bingham), comb. nov. (Qld); Glyptapanteles operculinae (Fullaway), comb. nov. (Samoa), Microgaster kuchingensis Wilkinson (Papua New Guinea) and Sathon moratus (Wilkinson), comb. nov. (Vic., S.A., W.A.) are redescribed; and 41 additional new combinations are proposed.

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Houlahan, Mark. "Romeo and Tusi: An Eclectically Musical Samoan/MāoriRomeo and Julietfrom Aotearoa/New Zealand." Contemporary Theatre Review 19, no. 3 (August 2009): 279–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10486800902985907.

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Tisdall, D. J., C. B. Bentley, and G. Horner. "Genetic variation between New Zealand and Western Samoan isolates of Aujeszky's disease virus." Veterinary Microbiology 17, no. 4 (August 1988): 335–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-1135(88)90047-8.

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Scheele, Finn, Titimanu Simi, Johnie Tarry Nimau, Shaun Williams, Ryan Paulik, ShengLin Lin, Juliana Ungaro, Paula Holland, and Richard Woods. "Applying New Zealand’s risk tools internationally: Case studies from Samoa and Vanuatu." MATEC Web of Conferences 331 (2020): 01003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202033101003.

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Decision makers require disaster risk management (DRM) tools to better prepare for and respond to emergencies, and for making sound land- use planning decisions. Risk tools need to incorporate multiple hazard and asset types, and have the versatility to adapt to local contexts. RiskScape is a natural hazards impact and loss modelling tool developed to support DRM related decision making in New Zealand. The RiskScape software has benefitted from over 10 years of research and development, and has been used for a diverse range of applications both in New Zealand and internationally. Experience and challenges in applying RiskScape beyond New Zealand are highlighted in this study through the tailoring of RiskScape for Pacific Island countries, as part of the Pacific Risk Tool for Resilience (PARTneR) project. PARTneR is a collaborative project between the National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research (NIWA), GNS Science, the disaster management offices of Samoa and Vanuatu, and the Geoscience Division of the Pacific Community. RiskScape is applied through three demonstration case studies for each country, focused on prominent natural hazards.

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Pearce, Douglas G. "New Zealand Holiday Travel to Samoa: A Distribution Channels Approach." Journal of Travel Research 41, no. 2 (November 2002): 197–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/004728702237419.

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38

Levine, Hal. "Some Reflections on Samoan Cultural Practice and Group Identity in Contemporary Wellington, New Zealand." Journal of Intercultural Studies 24, no. 2 (August 2003): 175–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0725686032000165397.

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39

Reese, Elaine, Elaine Ballard, Mele Taumoepeau, Melenaite Taumoefolau, Susan B. Morton, Cameron Grant, Polly Atatoa-Carr, et al. "Estimating language skills in Samoan- and Tongan-speaking children growing up in New Zealand." First Language 35, no. 4-5 (October 2015): 407–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0142723715596099.

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40

Pupi, Darlene, Trudy Sullivan, and Kirsten J. Coppell. "The impact of living with type 2 diabetes: a descriptive qualitative case study with four Pacific participants." Pacific Health Dialog 21, no. 2 (September 29, 2018): 96–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.26635/phd.2018.915.

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Introduction: Diabetes is a common among Pacific peoples. The personal cost of diabetes is substantial with the indirect costs shown to outweigh the direct costs in some instances. The aim of this case study was to identify and describe the personal cost to four Pacific people living with type 2 diabetes in New Zealand. Methods: Two Pacific men and two Pacific women with type 2 diabetes were recruited with the assistance of the Pacific Island Centre and the Pacific Research Student Support Unit, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand. The participants were interviewed (three in Samoan and one in English) using an open question approach. Appropriate cultural protocols were observed, and interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed. Samoan interviews were translated into English. A thematic analysis was undertaken using an inductive approach. Findings: Participants’ ages ranged from the mid-30s to 75 years. The two retired participants had difficulty paying their prescription fees and three participants considered healthy food expensive. Other costs included time off work and family members moving towns to take care of participants and their diabetes. Pacific community members provided time, gifts and money at times when participants were less well. At the same time, participants considered they had a role in educating their community about diabetes prevention. A diagnosis of diabetes triggered healthful lifestyle changes for one participant. Conclusions: The personal cost associated with diabetes is broad and complex, with particular implications for roles and responsibilities among Pacific communities.

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41

Keddell, Emily. "Pavlova and pineapple pie: Selected identity influences on Samoan‐Pakeha people in Aotearoa/New Zealand." Kotuitui: New Zealand Journal of Social Sciences Online 1, no. 1 (January 2006): 45–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1177083x.2006.9522410.

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42

Bell, AC, BA Swinburn, H. Amosa, and RK Scragg. "A nutrition and exercise intervention program for controlling weight in Samoan communities in New Zealand." International Journal of Obesity 25, no. 6 (June 2001): 920–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.ijo.0801619.

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43

Dickie, John, and Geraldine McDonald. "Literacy in church and family sites through the eyes of Samoan children in New Zealand." Literacy 45, no. 1 (March 28, 2011): 25–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-4369.2011.00574.x.

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44

Akeli, Safua. "Cleansing Western Samoa: Leprosy Control during New Zealand Administration, 1914–1922." Journal of Pacific History 52, no. 3 (November 2, 2017): 360–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00223344.2017.1380507.

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45

Perera, Hector, Lorne Cummings, and Frances Chua. "Cultural relativity of accounting professionalism: Evidence from New Zealand and Samoa." Advances in Accounting 28, no. 1 (June 2012): 138–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.adiac.2012.03.006.

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46

Matapo, Jacoba, and Dion Enari. "Re-imagining the dialogic spaces of talanoa through Samoan onto-epistemology." Waikato Journal of Education 26 (July 5, 2021): 79–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.15663/wje.v26i1.770.

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This article proposes a Samoan indigenous philosophical position to reconceptualise the dialogic spaces of talanoa; particularly how talanoa is applied methodologically to research practice. Talanoa within New Zealand Pacific research scholarship is problematised, raising particular tensions of the universal and humanistic ideologies that are entrenched within institutional ethics and research protocols. The dialogic relational space which is embedded throughout talanoa methodology is called into question, evoking alternative ways of knowing and being within the talanoa research assemblage[1] (including the material-world). Samoan epistemology reveals that nature is constituted within personhood (Vaai & Nabobo-Baba, 2017) and that nature is co-agentic with human in an ecology of knowing. We call for a shift in thinking material-ethics that opens talanoa to a materialist process ontology, where knowledge generation emerges through human and non-human encounters. [1] The concept of assemblage developed by Deleuze and Guattari (1987) refers to a process of temporary arrangements or constellations of objects, expressions, bodies, qualities and territories that create new ways of functioning. The assemblage is a multiplicity shaped by a wide range of flows and emerges from the arranging process of heterogenous elements (Livesey, 2010).

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Dixson, Barnaby J., Paul L. Vasey, Katayo Sagata, Nokuthaba Sibanda, Wayne L. Linklater, and Alan F. Dixson. "Men’s Preferences for Women’s Breast Morphology in New Zealand, Samoa, and Papua New Guinea." Archives of Sexual Behavior 40, no. 6 (September 23, 2010): 1271–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10508-010-9680-6.

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48

Chang Wai, Kuinileti, C. Raina Elley, Vili Nosa, John Kennelly, Thusitha Mabotuwana, and Jim Warren. "Perspectives on adherence to blood pressure–lowering medications among Samoan patients: qualitative interviews." Journal of Primary Health Care 2, no. 3 (2010): 217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/hc10217.

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AIM: To explore influences on adherence to taking long-term medications among Samoan patients in an Auckland general practice. METHODS: Twenty Samoan participants from an Auckland general practice were identified and interviewed about their views on adherence or non-adherence to taking blood pressure–lowering medications. One-to-one semi-structured interviews using open-ended questions were undertaken in Samoan and English, recorded, transcribed and translated into English. Transcriptions were examined by two researchers to identify themes. FINDINGS: Patients with ‘high’ and ‘lower’ rates of adherence to taking usual medication were identified using medication possession ratio cut-offs from medical records of timely prescribing. Ten participants with ‘high’ and 10 with ‘lower’ rates of adherence were interviewed, including 11 women and nine men. Themes identified for those with lower adherence included ‘lack of transport’, ‘family commitments’, ‘forgetfulness’, ‘church activities’, ‘feeling well’ and ‘priorities’. Themes identified for those with high rates of adherence included ‘prioritising health’, ‘previous event’, ‘time management’, ‘supportive family members’ and ‘relationship with GP (language and trust)’. A theme common to both was ‘coping with the stress of multiple comorbidities’. CONCLUSION: Reasons for adherence and non-adherence to taking blood pressure–lowering medications among the Samoan patients interviewed were multifactorial and encompass personal, social, cultural and environmental factors. Interdisciplinary teams to support treatment decisions (including Pacific health professionals or community health workers), systematic identification of those with low rates of adherence, phone or text follow-up, use of church or family networks, provision of transport where needed and better tools and resources may help address this problem. KEYWORDS: Medication adherence; New Zealand; Pacific Islands; ethnic groups; qualitative research; antihypertensive agents

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Tapera, Rachel, Matire Harwood, and Anneka Anderson. "A qualitative Kaupapa Māori approach to understanding infant and young child feeding practices of Māori and Pacific grandparents in Auckland, New Zealand." Public Health Nutrition 20, no. 6 (November 10, 2016): 1090–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980016002950.

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AbstractObjectiveThe present research sought to better understand the barriers, facilitators, attitudes and beliefs that influence the way Māori and Samoan grandparents feed their grandchildren in a deprived urban neighbourhood in New Zealand.DesignThe research adopted a qualitative methodology that was consistent with a Kaupapa Māori research approach. Seven semi-structured interviews were conducted with grandparents to collect narrative data.SettingSampling occurred in one Auckland suburb. The suburb was selected because of its high level of socio-economic deprivation and ethnic diversity.SubjectsSeven grandparents participated in the study (five Māori and two Samoan). Each participant met the inclusion criteria (i.e. they had provided at least five meals per week over the previous three months to grandchildren aged less than 24 months). Marae (i.e. meeting houses and areas used by local Māori tribes/sub-tribes) and community organisations were used to recruit participants.ResultsA general inductive thematic analysis identified four key themes: (i) grandparents’ understanding of optimal feeding practices; (ii) economic and material factors; (iii) previous experiences and customary norms; and (iv) social support and societal pressure.ConclusionsThe study showed that grandparents’ complementary feeding practices in caring for infant grandchildren were influenced by upstream structural elements such as government policies related to welfare and pensions, employment, income and cultural knowledge. Frameworks that seek to achieve social justice and support cultural practices should be employed and promoted in the development of future policy and research in this area.

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Balme, Christopher, and Astrid Carstensen. "Home Fires: Creating a Pacific Theatre in the Diaspora." Theatre Research International 26, no. 1 (March 2001): 35–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0307883301000049.

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Theatre created by Pacific Islanders is perhaps the most recent significant development in New Zealand theatre of the 1990s. Exploring this new phenomenon within a concept of diaspora, productions, producers and themes are linked to notions of displacement, home, and disruption on several levels. Three recent plays and productions are examined: Think of a Garden by the Samoan-American John Kneubuhl, which explores memory as the basis of diasporic identity; Home Fires, a collaborative production between Pacific Island and Ma°ori artists in which a new kind of syncretic theatrical style transcending specific cultural codes was developed; and Tatau – Rites of Passage, a performance created by the Christchurch-based group Pacific Underground and the Australian community theatre group Zeal Theatre which explores the notion of ritual reincorporation – involving actual tattooing on stage – as a means of transcending diaspora and repairing the ruptures caused by it.

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Journal articles on the topic 'New Zealand Samoans'

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