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1
Froud, K. J., and M. S. Bullians. "Investigation of biosecurity risk organisms for the plant and environment domains in New Zealand for 2008 and 2009." New Zealand Plant Protection 63 (August 1, 2010): 262–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.30843/nzpp.2010.63.6565.
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The Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry Biosecurity New Zealand runs several surveillance programmes to detect new or emerging risk organisms in New Zealand Reporting of these organisms is through the exotic disease and pest emergency hotline Notifications received through the hotline are screened and investigated to determine if they pose a risk to New Zealands core biosecurity values (economic environmental human health and cultural) Significant numbers of notifications are received each year Data detailing the notification and investigation of suspect risk organisms in the plants and environment domains for the last 2 years are presented and compared with previously published data The trend in notifications and the resulting outcomes of investigations are discussed
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Bruce, Howie, and Jenny M. Horsley. "LGBTIQA+ Learners in New Zealand Schools." Teachers' Work 15, no. 2 (December 20, 2018): 94–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/teacherswork.v15i2.264.
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The New Zealand Curriculum (2007) states that all students have the right to learn in an environment that is inclusive and safe. Teachers in New Zealand are responsible for upholding these and many other values, ensuring that each student’s “unique set of experiences, abilities and interests, and differences in how they learn” (Ministry of Education, 2017a, para 2) are accommodated in the classroom. This research overview considers New Zealand articles on Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Intersex, Queer and Allied (LGBTIQA+) students. Moreover, it identifies the importance of LGBTIQA+ students receiving the support they need to deter depressive thoughts and bullying. Consideration is given to what schools and teachers could do to develop inclusive classrooms for this group of diverse learners, thus supporting these students to reverse their negative experiences of schooling.
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Gilbert, David J., John H. Annala, and Kirsty Johnston. "Technical background to fish stock indicators for state-of-environment reporting in New Zealand." Marine and Freshwater Research 51, no. 5 (2000): 451. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf99054.
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Pressure–state–response environmental indicators are proposed for New Zealand fish stocks. This workwas a technical background to the development of a core set of indicators sought by the Ministry for the Environment. It has led, through an extensive programme of consultation, to a set of confirmed indicators. The initial proposals and their basis are described together with their relationship to the confirmed indicators. The proposed indicators could readily be calculated as part of the stock assessments conducted annually by the Ministry of Fisheries and this is recommended. For many stocks, especially minor stocks, only proxies for the preferred indicators would be possible. The proxy indicators would not be useful in all cases, and target or threshold values for them could generally not be calculated. Shortcomings and difficulties in the proposed indicators are described. A state indicator that separates changes induced by fishing from those of a natural origin is described, but it could be obtained for only a few stocks.
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Sherring, Phill. "Declare or dispose: protecting New Zealand’s border with behaviour change." Journal of Social Marketing 10, no. 1 (June 3, 2019): 85–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jsocm-09-2018-0103.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to highlight the case study of the Ministry for Primary Industries’ (MPI) Border Compliance Social Marketing programme. This programme aims to change the behaviour of international visitors to New Zealand. This is to protect New Zealand’s important horticultural and agricultural industries and environment from harmful pests and diseases. The programme encourages travellers to leave potential biosecurity risk items at home, or at least declare them to border staff or dispose of in special amnesty bins at New Zealand’s airports on arrival. It also influences local communities to advocate to friends and family overseas on MPI’s behalf. Design/methodology/approach Aimed at visitors with the highest identified risk, the programme uses a range of interventions in the pre-travel, in-journey and upon-arrival stages of travel. It is underpinned by social marketing theory and models, qualitative and ethnographic research and an understanding of the passenger journey. Findings The programme has delivered a significant reduction in the number of passengers being caught with prohibited items and has influenced behaviours in packing bags before travel and declaring items for inspection on arrival in New Zealand. Originality/value The programme contributes to the New Zealand biosecurity system, which protects the country’s key horticultural and agricultural industries. For example, the horticultural industry contributes $5.6bn annually to the New Zealand economy. It also protects native flora and fauna, which is a large attraction to overseas visitors, and contributes to the $12.9bn tourism industry.
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Bailey, Paul. "Towards the statutory registration of psychotherapists in Aotearoa New Zealand." Ata: Journal of Psychotherapy Aotearoa New Zealand 10, no. 1 (August 30, 2004): 31–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.9791/ajpanz.2004.04.
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The purpose of this paper is to reflect, both personally and politically, on our Association's move towards the statutory registration of psychotherapists. This reflection is timely since the Health Practitioners Competence Assurance Bill will come into effect in September of this year, allowing 15 health professions to be included under its provisions. The Minister of Health and the Ministry of Health are in the process of deciding whether psychotherapy is also to be included as a new profession under the Act.
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Whisker, Craig. "Opportunities and challenges for psychotherapy in Aotearoa New Zealand’s new health system." Ata: Journal of Psychotherapy Aotearoa New Zealand 26, no. 2 (December 30, 2022): 31–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.9791/ajpanz.2022.09.
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The dawning of a new national public health system in Aotearoa New Zealand offers opportunities and challenges for psychotherapists. This paper discusses these against three data sets, namely, a 2022 national District Health Board psychotherapy workforce survey, a video recording of the Psychotherapy and Public Worlds panel event at the 2022 New Zealand Association of Psychotherapists’ (NZAP) conference, and psychotherapist registration statistics supplied by The Psychotherapists Board of Aotearoa New Zealand (PBANZ). The expansion of short-term, risk-based, manualised interventions during the former DHB era did not improve mental health at a community level (Mulder et al., 2022) nor promote equity and sustainability (Berg et al., 2022). Placing Te Tiriti o Waitangi, the Treaty of Waitangi (1840) (Te Tiriti) at the centre of the new health system suits psychotherapy, whose wholistic worldview of health and wellbeing aligns with te ao Māori better than most other Western psychological approaches. Kōrero about the indigenising of psychotherapy in Aotearoa has been around since at least the 1980s. The Ministry of Health (the Ministry) has recently invited psychotherapists’ advice on workforce policy development and how to promote psychotherapy in the new health system. This task will largely fall on the psychotherapy associations and some psychotherapy training organisations. A major challenge may be whether these entities can sustain the expenditure of human and other resources necessary to represent their memberships in continuing dialogue with the Ministry and its operational partners, Te Whatu Ora, Health New Zealand (Te Whatu Ora) and Te Aka Whai Ora, Māori Health Authority (Te Aka Whai Ora). Key opportunities include the recruitment of overseas psychotherapists and the greatly expanded provision of psychotherapy student placements in public health services to stimulate new psychotherapy training programmes and workforce growth.
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Lear, M. "The New Zealand Energy Scene Now and Post-Maui." Energy Exploration & Exploitation 13, no. 2-3 (May 1995): 123–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0144598795013002-302.
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Supply and demand forecasts to 2020 published by the Ministry of Commerce highlight the significance of the depletion of the Maui gas and condensate field for the New Zealand energy scene. Maui currently produces around 34% of our primary energy and 45% of our transport fuels, including fuel from the synthetic fuels plant. The depletion of Maui around 2010 is expected to reduce our liquid fuel self-sufficiency and reduce the availability of gas for electricity generation and petrochemicals. The Ministry's forecasts conclude this will result in price rises for gas and electricity, and increased use of coal, geothermal, hydro, wind and other renewables for generation. The depletion of the Maui field highlights the importance of developing an attractive petroleum royalty regime to encourage further exploration of New Zealand's petroleum resources.
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Taylor, Robert K., Merje Toome-Heller, Wellcome W. H. Ho, and Brett J. R. Alexander. "An insight into biosecurity plant-disease diagnostics at MPI." New Zealand Plant Protection 72 (July 28, 2019): 281. http://dx.doi.org/10.30843/nzpp.2019.72.327.
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The Mycology and Bacteriology team of the Ministry for Primary Industries’ Plant Health and Environment Laboratory is responsible for the identification and verification of all suspected exotic, new, and emerging pathogens affecting plants and the environment in New Zealand. We work in an applied diagnostic environment where results can have significant implications for biosecurity. Sample submissions often result in detection of new to New Zealand fungi and bacteria on plants for which information on fungal and bacterial associations is generally sparse. The complexity of testing required is quite varied with samples being submitted from post entry quarantine (looking for a known pathogen using specific tests), border or surveillance (unknown pathogens requiring multiple tests), or a biosecurity response (scaling up to test large numbers, identification resolution required to strain level). Applied test methods depend largely on the sample type and consist of morphological identification, biochemical testing, pathogenicity testing, serological and molecular techniques, including high throughput sequencing. A profile of our diagnostic work and the most commonly detected taxa and host associations are presented.
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Jull, Andrew, Carlene Lawes, Helen Eyles, Ralph Maddison, Delvina Gorton, Kim Arcus, Nigel Chee, Barry Taylor, and Jim Mann on behalf of the guideline development team. "Guidelines Summary: Clinical guidelines for weight management in New Zealand adults, children and young people." Journal of Primary Health Care 3, no. 1 (2011): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/hc11066.
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This paper summarises the treatment algorithms (Figures 1 and 2) and key messages from the Clinical Guidelines for Weight Management in New Zealand Adults, Children and Young People prepared for the Ministry of Health. The guidelines aim to provide support to weight management providers in primary care and the community. The full guidelines and methods can be downloaded from the Ministry website (http://www.moh.govt.nz).
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Oliver, Jane, Tim Foster, Amanda Kvalsvig, Deborah A. Williamson, Michael G. Baker, and Nevil Pierse. "Risk of rehospitalisation and death for vulnerable New Zealand children." Archives of Disease in Childhood 103, no. 4 (July 22, 2017): 327–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2017-312671.
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ObjectivesThere is considerable need to improve the effectiveness of healthcare to reduce morbidity and mortality. Child hospitalisations are influenced by determinants of health, including the home environment. Our aims were: (1) To investigate whether children hospitalised with potentially avoidable conditions thought to be associated with the home have an increased risk of rehospitalisation and death, (2) To investigate whether children hospitalised with particular subgroups of potentially avoidable conditions have an increased risk of rehospitalisation and death, (3) To assess the usefulness of these subgroups for identifying at-risk children.DesignWe used four existing groups of potentially avoidable conditions developed based on expert opinion: 1. the potentially avoidable hospitalisations (PAH) group, associated with social/environmental conditions, 2. the potentially avoidable hospitalisations attributable (at least in part) to the home environment (PAHHE) group, 3. the crowding group, and 4. the Ministry of Health (MoH) group. We analysed national New Zealand hospital discharge data (2000–2014). Rehospitalisation and death were described using Kaplan-Meier curves. Group effectiveness for identifying at-risk children was assessed using Cox proportional hazard models with children hospitalised for non-PAH conditions as comparison.ResultsIn total, 1425085 hospital admissions occurred, for 683115 unique children. Rehospitalisation was relatively common (71.0%). Death was rare (0.6%). All groups performed moderately well identifying at-risk children. Children with PAH have increased risk of rehospitalisation (adjusted HR (aHR):2.30–3.60) and death (aHR:3.07–10.44). PAH group had highest sensitivity (75.1%). The MoH group has the highest positive predictive value (rehospitalisation: 86.2%, death: 2.5%).ConclusionsChildren in the MoH group are very likely to benefit from housing interventions. Rehospitalisation and early mortality are useful assessment measures. Rehospitalisation exerts a considerable burden, and child deaths are catastrophic.
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Döbl, Stefanie, Peter Huggard, and Liz Beddoe. "A hidden jewel: social work in primary health care practice in Aotearoa New Zealand." Journal of Primary Health Care 7, no. 4 (2015): 333. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/hc15333.
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INTRODUCTION: The New Zealand (NZ) Ministry of Health?s Primary Health Care Strategy (2001) has an overall vision of better health for all and the reduction of health inequalities between different population groups. This goal can be achieved by comprehensive, integrated primary health care (PHC) service delivery. One useful approach is to place social workers within PHC practices. This study aimed to explore the perceptions about, and the experiences gained by, such integrated social workers regarding their contributions towards the PHC vision. METHODS: This qualitative study focused on three participant groups, namely social workers, PHC professionals and key informants. Overall, 18 one-to-one, semi-structured interviews were undertaken in various locations in NZ. Key themes were identified via a general inductive approach. FINDINGS: Three key themes emerged from the data: wider factors, organisational factors and social work factors. The last theme encompassed the social workers? professional understanding, knowledge and approaches. The organisational factors (a community needs focus and provision of a supportive work environment) and the wider factors identified (funding and issues experienced by communities) had variable impact on these social work positions. CONCLUSION: Participants viewed social workers as facilitating appropriate access to and engagement by people with services; enhancing ongoing, coordinated, safe service provision; and contributing to staff development. The potential of the social work profession within PHC practices was well recognised by non-social worker participants. This study provides initial insights into the unique contributions made by social workers towards achieving NZ Ministry of Health?s PHC vision. KEYWORDS: General practice; primary health care; social work
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Mane, Jo, Jenny Lee-Morgan, Ruia Aperahama, and Jo Gallagher. "Reviewing flexible learning spaces for Māori-medium education." MAI Journal: A New Zealand Journal of Indigenous Scholarship 12, no. 2 (September 1, 2023): 226–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.20507/maijournal.2023.12.2.11.
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In Aotearoa New Zealand, schooling is experiencing a “spatial turn” (Benade, 2019), as more large and open classroom spaces, often called flexible learning spaces (FLSs), are built by the Ministry of Education. At the same time, there has been a momentous “right-shift” (Higgins et al., 2014) towards learning Māori language and culture. The second official acknowledgement and celebration of Matariki this year, including a public holiday, is indicative of the groundswell of interest in the Māori world. These two important educational shifts are being explored in the research project entitled “A Māori Modern Learning Environment.
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Griffiths, Veronica, Erin Hall, Derek Hartley, Fleur Hohaia-Rollinson, Jenny Malcolm, Kerry Purdue, and Alice Tate. "Attracting diverse kaiako to and retaining them in early childhood education in Aotearoa New Zealand." Teachers' Work 19, no. 2 (December 17, 2022): 104–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/teacherswork.v19i2.342.
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Aotearoa New Zealand is a bicultural nation with a superdiverse society, a feature which presents opportunities and challenges for our early childhood education (ECE) sector (Chan & Ritchie, 2020). A primary challenge within the sector is achieving, in accordance with the partnership, protection and participation principles of te Tiriti o Waitangi and the Treaty of Waitangi, equitable educational outcomes for Māori tamariki (children) as well as for tamariki from the many other minority groups attending ECE services. An important over-arching policy initiative in this regard is growing and sustaining a quality ECE teacher workforce that reflects and represents Aotearoa New Zealand’s increasingly diverse society (Ministry of Education, 2019). Research evidence suggests that such a workforce can make a positive contribution to ensuring more equitable educational environments for diverse tamariki, their whānau (family and extended family) and their communities. Our study investigated barriers to and facilitators of attracting diverse kaiako (teacher) to ECE in Aotearoa New Zealand and retaining them once there. Although our research showed some positive developments in this regard, it also indicates much work is still needed to ensure our ECE teacher workforce and workplaces are representative of and inclusive towards diversity. We hope this research and its recommendations will create further discussion and reflection around the opportunities and challenges still ahead of us in working towards a world-class inclusive ECE education system for all (New Zealand Government, 2019).
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Whitlock, James. "New Zealand is actively improving school acoustics with government-led initiatives." INTER-NOISE and NOISE-CON Congress and Conference Proceedings 265, no. 4 (February 1, 2023): 3321–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3397/in_2022_0469.
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New Zealand's Ministry of Education is taking active steps to ensure that the country's 35,000+ classrooms are fit for purpose. Acoustics is a primary factor in central government's School Property Strategy 2030, which has informed three major initiatives to establish and implement sensible acoustic regulations. All three initiatives are underway. First is the Designing Quality Learning Spaces (DQLS) - Acoustics document, launched in December 2020. It sets out mandatory requirements for reverberation time (RT), background noise and sound insulation in new and refurbished learning spaces. Second is the Ngā Iti Kahurangi 'small and remote schools' programme. We are measuring RTs in 630 schools, assessing compliance with DQLS and adding absorption where necessary. The plan is to scale this programme up to include many more schools across the country. Third is the Internal Environmental Monitoring (IEM) programme. Sound levels (and other environmental factors like temperature, humidity and CO2) are continuously measured in a range of schools, and reviewed to inform improvements. These initiatives aim to provide quality learning environments for New Zealand children, and this paper sets out how they have been designed and implemented. Similar initiatives could be adopted by other countries to improve acoustic quality in their classrooms.
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Jayamaha, Priyan Lawrence. "Exploring Mixed Reality Board Games as an Innovative Educational Tool for Teaching History in Primary Schools." International Journal of Technology in Education and Science 8, no. 1 (February 15, 2024): 20–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.46328/ijtes.519.
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This study investigates the challenges of teaching history to primary school students and the endeavour to develop a board game, supported by educational apps and augmented reality, to enhance the learning experience. The initiative is in response to the New Zealand Ministry of Education's mandate that New Zealand's history must be taught in all Kura and schools' local curriculum from 2023. (Ministry of Education, 2023). The study was conducted in two phases. The first phase explored teachers' attitudes towards using technology as a teaching aid and the availability of digital devices for interactive teaching and learning. The results showed that many teachers are supportive of using board games and technology in their teaching. In the second phase, a board game was developed and trialled with a group of teachers and students as expert representatives for the target group. The results showed that the mixed reality board game has great potential and is well worth continued development. The study also suggests that emerging disruptive technologies such as mixed reality can create effective and engaging learning and teaching environments.
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Fernando, Chedly, and Janette Kelly-Ware. "Promoting kaitiakitanga using picturebooks." Early Childhood Folio 27, no. 1 (July 12, 2023): 16–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.18296/ecf.1117.
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Kaitiakitanga is promoted in the revised curriculum document Te Whāriki—He Whāriki Mātauranga mō ngā Mokopuna o Aotearoa: Early Childhood Curriculum (Ministry of Education, 2017). The authors give primacy to the Māori worldview of sustainable living through engaging with, and protecting, the natural environment. This article reports on a picturebook research project designed to support teachers to explore kaitiakitanga with young children in early childhood education settings. Two Aotearoa New Zealand picturebooks are featured, curriculum links are proposed, and feedback from a small sample of teachers about the picturebooks and curriculum links is reported. Picturebooks are powerful teaching tools and can provoke learning across the curriculum, as this research highlights.
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O?Callaghan, M., M. J. Wilson, and S. M. Zydenbos. "Biopesticides for New Zealands pests opportunities and challenges." New Zealand Plant Protection 68 (January 8, 2015): 443. http://dx.doi.org/10.30843/nzpp.2015.68.5848.
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Biopesticides can provide effective control of existing and invasive invertebrate pests and diseases impacting on New Zealands primary sector production and combat new pests emerging as a result of landuse change farming intensification and climate change While the international biopesticide market is undergoing rapid growth at present assisted by regulatory environments favourable to biopesticide registration and uptake biopesticides are not widely used in New Zealand The number of biopesticides registered under the Agriculture Compounds and Veterinary Medicines Act (Ministry for Primary Industries MPI) has slowly increased from 11 products in 1991 to 33 in 2010 with 49 registered in 2015 However only a limited number of these products are actively marketed and used by growers at present To play an increasing role in New Zealands sustainable production systems next generation biopesticides will need to have levels of efficacy comparable to currently available controls and will be able to be used by farmers with minimal change of practice This will be achieved through use of a new suite of microorganisms with broader host ranges and different modes of action from currently available microbial agents together with new cost effective production and delivery systems Efficient commercialisation of New Zealandappropriate biopesticides will also be facilitated by proposed changes to the registration process including the development of MPIs new Biological Pesticides Standard
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Wheen, Nicola, and Heidi Baillie. "GMOs, pests and participatory and representative democracy in decision-making about GM activities in New Zealand." Asia Pacific Journal of Environmental Law 22, no. 2 (November 2019): 257–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4337/apjel.2019.02.04.
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Pests, especially rats, stoats and possums, pose a significant threat to New Zealand's endemic biodiversity. Genetic modification (GM) offers a potential new means of controlling these pests. However, GM is a ‘hot’ environmental problem (it has complex and controversial social, cultural and economic dimensions) in this country. No genetically modified organisms (GMO) have been released into the New Zealand environment, other than in vaccines. GM developments and field tests have been approved under the Hazardous Substances and New Organisms Act 1996, but the Authority is criticized as having a science bias, resulting in it over-emphasizing representative rather than participatory approaches to GM regulation. Consequentially, communities opposed to GM have turned to the Resource Management Act 1991's participatory planning scheme to block GMO releases using rules in local policies and plans. To ensure that these rules did not impede the release all GMOs in New Zealand, including GMOs in vaccines, Parliament moved to allow the Minister to veto local anti-GMO rules, except rules about GM crops. The extent to which this amendment results in a re-assertion of representative democracy over participatory democracy in GM regulation in New Zealand depends on how widely the courts interpret the Minister's new power.
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Wise, Michelle, Lynn Sadler, and Alec Ekeroma. "Chlamydia trachomatis screening in pregnancy in New Zealand: translation of national guidelines into practice." Journal of Primary Health Care 7, no. 1 (2015): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/hc15065.
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INTRODUCTION: Chlamydia trachomatis (C. trachomatis) is a common sexually transmitted infection (STI), and routine antenatal screening to reduce the risk of vertical transmission is recommended in New Zealand (NZ). AIM: To determine the proportion of pregnant women who have been screened for C. trachomatis in selected hospitals since the 2008 NZ Ministry of Health Chlamydia Management Guidelines were published, and to examine variation by age and ethnicity. METHODS: Clinical audits were undertaken at four NZ hospitals, using electronic databases to determine if C. trachomatis screening had occurred. RESULTS: Only 24%, 31%, 35% and 61% of pregnant women were screened in Tauranga (2010), Auckland (2013), Waikato (2013) and Middlemore (2011) hospitals, respectively. DISCUSSION: Despite increases in the proportion of pregnant women screened in Auckland and Middlemore compared to pre-2008, and higher proportions of young women and Maori women screened, overall antenatal screening for C. trachomatis remains suboptimal. Several strategies are presented to support universal screening in pregnancy, as recommended by the NZ Ministry of Health. KEYWORDS: Chlamydia trachomatis; mass screening; medical audit; pregnancy
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Hirsch, Lily, Hamish Mackie, and Iain McAuley. "Fatal footsteps: Understanding the Safe System context behind New Zealand’s pedestrian road trauma." Journal of Road Safety 32, no. 1 (February 1, 2021): 5–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.33492/jrs-d-20-00013.
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In 2016 in New Zealand, pedestrians accounted for 7.6% (n=25) of all road fatalities and 6.6% (n=257) of serious injuries (Ministry of Transport, 2017). The aim of this research was to analyse a sample of pedestrian deaths and serious injury (DSI) cases to understand the contribution of Safe System gaps in serious harm outcomes. A sample of 100 pedestrian fatality and 200 serious injury crash reports from 2013-2017 were analysed to identify the contribution of the four Safe System pillars (roads and roadsides, vehicle, speed environment, user) in each crash case. The research identified common crash scenarios and highlighted the need for improvements in speed management, safer vehicles, safety campaigns, and infrastructure design. In addition, the research identified latent high-order sociotechnical system factors that obstruct the mechanisms to effectively address these Safe System issues and which ultimately perpetuate the occurrence of pedestrian DSIs.
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Smith, Moira. "Culture Shock: the legacy of the 1960s power generation schemes in Aotearoa New Zealand." Architectural History Aotearoa 19 (December 13, 2022): 61–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.26686/aha.v19i.8049.
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In 1960s Aotearoa New Zealand the response to a post war energy shortage was to look to the country's rivers, lakes, and geothermal areas as a source of electric power. The Ministry of Works began a programme of dam building which peaked in the 1960s and made irreversible changes our lakes, rivers, and landscapes. Although New Zealand now produces about 80% of its electricity through renewable energy, the 1960s also saw a rise in environmental activism and a revaluing of the natural "wilderness." Professor John Salmon's influential book, Heritage Destroyed: The Crisis in Scenery Preservation in New Zealand (1960), drew public attention to the environmental degradation caused by large-scale engineering projects, and the decade ended with the "Save Manapōuri" campaign which, in the early 1970s, prevented the raising of lakes Manapōuri and Te Anau to guarantee power to the Tiwai Point aluminium smelter. This paper considers the legacy of the 1960s power generation schemes, including changes to the physical landscape; new legislation for the preservation of the built and natural environments; and alternative ways to consider the cultural and natural landscapes that prioritise Te Mana o te Wai.
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Robson-Williams, Melissa, Nichola Harcourt, and Ocean Mercier. "Achieving societal collaboration and impact in Aotearoa-New Zealand through transdisciplinarity." GAIA - Ecological Perspectives for Science and Society 32, no. 1 (May 20, 2023): 126–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.14512/gaia.32.1.9.
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Aotearoa-New Zealand (A-NZ) faces growing complex environmental challenges and a persistent knowledge-action gap that leaves many social and environmental problems unresolved. The Ministry of Business, Innovation, and Employment, a major science funder, has called for transdisciplinary modes of research to address increasingly complex problems in an integrated and collaborative fashion. We explore what is needed for transdisciplinary research (TDR) to achieve societal collaboration and impact in A-NZ. We introduce mātauranga Māori, A-NZ’s Indigenous and foundational knowledge system, and discuss how mātauranga Māori and Western science currently interact. We examine some social and environmental consequences when mātauranga Māori is marginalised and conclude by discussing how TDR must evolve in order to help tackle complex social and environmental problems in such contexts.
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Fitzpatrick, Katie, Hayley McGlashan, Vibha Tirumalai, John Fenaughty, and Analosa Veukiso-Ulugia. "Relationships and sexuality education: Key research informing New Zealand curriculum policy." Health Education Journal 81, no. 2 (November 10, 2021): 134–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00178969211053749.
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Background and purpose: In 2020, the New Zealand Ministry of Education updated the national curriculum policy for sexuality education, broadening the focus to ‘relationships and sexuality education’ and strengthening guidance for both primary (Years 1–8) and secondary (Years 9–13) schools. The resulting guides detail how schools might take a ‘whole school approach’ to this area, including dedicated curriculum time at all levels of compulsory schooling. Methods and conclusions: This article summarises the key thinking and research that informs the latest curriculum policy update and provides justification for the content in the policy. Significant aspects include a framework based on Te Tiriti o Waitangi (The Treaty of Waitangi), Indigenous knowledges and human rights; attention to issues of bullying and inclusion; and the responsibility of schools to address gender and sexual diversity in programmes and the whole school. This background paper discusses the evidence that informs the curriculum policy update, as well as aspects of the policy context in New Zealand that precede these changes.
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Preston, Hanna, Chrystal Jaye, and Dawn Miller. "General practice registrars' views on maternity care in general practice in New Zealand." Journal of Primary Health Care 7, no. 4 (2015): 316. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/hc15316.
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INTRODUCTION: The number of general practitioners (GPs) providing maternity care in New Zealand has declined dramatically since legislative changes of the 1990s. The Ministry of Health wants GPs to provide maternity care again. AIM: To investigate New Zealand general practice registrars' perspectives on GPs' role in maternity care; specifically, whether maternity services should be provided by GPs, registrars' preparedness to provide such services, and training opportunities available or required to achieve this. METHODS: An anonymous online questionnaire was distributed to all registrars enrolled in The Royal New Zealand College of General Practitioners' (RNZCGP's) General Practice Education Programme (GPEP) in 2012, via their online learning platform OWL. RESULTS: 165 of the 643 general practice registrars responded (25.7% response rate). Most (95%) believe that GPs interested and trained in maternity care should consider providing antenatal, postnatal or shared care with midwives, and 95% believe women should be able to access maternity care from their general practice. When practising as a GP, 90% would consider providing antenatal and postnatal care, 47.3% shared care, and 4.3% full pregnancy care. Professional factors including training and adequate funding were most important when considering providing maternity care as a GP. DISCUSSION: Ninety-five percent of general practice registrars who responded to our survey believe that GPs should provide some maternity services, and about 90% would consider providing maternity care in their future practice. Addressing professional issues of training, support and funding are essential if more GPs are to participate in maternity care in New Zealand. KEYWORDS: General practice; education; maternity care; New Zealand; rural health services
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Lippmann, John, Chris Lawrence, and Michael Davis. "Snorkelling and breath-hold diving fatalities in New Zealand, 2007 to 2016." Diving and Hyperbaric Medicine Journal 51, no. 1 (March 31, 2021): 25–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.28920/dhm51.1.25-33.
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Introduction: New Zealand’s (NZ) long coastline offers a diverse underwater environment with abundant opportunities for harvesting seafood and for recreation. Fatalities from snorkelling/breath-hold diving have been reported from the 1960s through to 2006. Those from 2007 to 2016 are reported here. Methods: The National Coronial Information System, the Australasian Diving Safety Foundation diving fatality database, and the Water Safety NZ “Drownbase” were searched and additional coronial data provided by the NZ Ministry of Justice. An anonymised database was created and analysed for multiple factors. A chain of events analysis was performed for each case. Results: There were 38 snorkelling or breath-hold-related deaths in NZ, 33 men and five women. Twenty-nine were breath-hold divers involved in gathering seafood, and six ‘surface snorkellers’, predominantly sightseeing. Two-thirds were diving alone and/or were not being observed by anyone out of the water. Twenty-eight victims were classified as overweight or obese and 19/38 were Māori. Pre-existing health factors that may have or definitely contributed to the fatality were present in 30 cases. The most common of these were cardiac (18/38). Two divers had insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, one each epilepsy and asthma whilst cannabis and/or alcohol were possible factors in seven deaths. Five (possibly six) deaths resulted from apnoeic hypoxia. Conclusions: Overall, death from snorkelling/breath-hold diving was an uncommon event (38 in 10 years). Poor judgement was a common feature. Middle-aged Māori men with pre-existing disease feature strongly. This suggests an on-going need for appropriate water safety education within and beyond the Māori community.
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Crawford, D. "THE NEW ZEALAND PETROLEUM INDUSTRY'S EXPERIENCE UNDER THE RESOURCE MANAGEMENT ACT." APPEA Journal 35, no. 1 (1995): 766. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj94053.
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There has been recent interest shown by Australian State and Federal Ministers in New Zealand's Resource Management Act. 'What does this Act require of industry? where did it come from? what does it do and how much support does it have?', are the main questions asked by these Ministers. It appears that some Ministers in Australia may want to copy parts of the Act. The main thrusts of the legislation, its disadvantages and suggestions for improvements are discussed.The main points are summarised:Prior to 1991 the management and planning of resources and the environment within New Zealand was controlled by a myriad of Acts. In 1991 the Government repealed 54 pieces of legislation and replaced these with the Resource Management Act (RMA) and the Crown Minerals Act (CMA). These two pieces of legislation have had an enormous impact on petroleum exploration.Prior to 1991 the Town and Country Planning Act was the main Act responsible for providing guidance for planning processes with a focus of managing activities, whereas the focus of the RMA is the sustainable management of the effects of activities on natural and physical resources (land, water and air). The RMA provides that the harvesting of minerals is exempt from the sustainability requirement, but that the effects of exploration and mining activities on the environment are not.Industry is supportive of the approach that effects are to be managed, not the activities themselves, as it places all activities on a level playing field.There are some disadvantages of the RMA. If parts of the Act are to be copied by other countries, then it would be wise to avoid these.
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Kudová, Dagmar. "The characteristics of the winegrowing and wine–production in New Zealand." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 53, no. 6 (2005): 225–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun200553060225.
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The paper is focused on characteristic of winegrowing and wine-production in New Zealand, country, which together with Australia, Chile, Argentina, California, and South Africa belongs to the countries of the so-called New World, and these countries become very important producers of wine in the world. Thus, they become a part of the competitive environment in winegrowing and wine-production of the Czech Republic. One of the necessary premises for determination of the competitive position is a detailed analysis of competition. This was also dealt with by Černíková, Žufan (2004), Duda (2004), Hrabalová (2004), Kudová (2005), Lišková (2004), Tomšík, Chládková (2005). Winegrowing regions of New Zealand are located in the areas of higher average temperature than the European regions. This climate suits mostly for blue grapes. The beginning of winegrowing is connected with the name of a Scot James Busby, who produced the first wine in 1836. In the middle of the 19th century, two winegrowing regions were known worldwide – Auckland, and Hawkes Bay. Currently, there are 14 winegrowing regions with the area of 18.112 ha of fertile vineyards, and in 2006 the area of fertile vineyards should grow by 15% (to 20.877 ha). The area with the largest area of vineyards is Marlbourough (8.194 ha), where there are 275 growers of vine being processed by 84 wine-producers. The total number of wine producers in New Zealand in 2004 was 471, only four of them producing more than 2 mil. l (the biggest company is Montana).The harvest in 2004 was 162.100 tons of grapes, in New Zealand, which means 123% growth in comparison with 1995. The highest growth of harvested grapes was in the region of Hawkes Bay – by 181%. Wine production is changing from year to year, but for the 2004 a growth is expected due to the volume of harvested grapes. The exports of New Zealand’s wine have grown almost 3.5-times in the period of 1995–2003 in terms of its volume, and recounting it from NZ$ to €, the growth was even 6.8-times higher. The exports of New Zealand wine are continuously growing – the highest amount from 1995 was exported to Great Britain (25.756 mil. l). The exports to the Czech Republic have grown almost 15-times in the period of 1999–2003, with a prevalence of the white wine. The average price of one litre of wine imported to the Czech Republic in 2003 was € 6.7. Imports of wine to New Zealand have grown by 74% in the period of 1995–2003. Most of the imports are realized from Australia (73% of the total imports in 2004). Within the monitored period, there was a change in the prevailing type of the imported wine – from a prevalence of the white wine in 1999 to the currently prevailing red wine (growth by 17% in 2003). Consumption of alcohol have grown by 6.5% in the period of 1998–2003, most of which was caused by the growing consumption drinks with the alcohol content of more than 23% (growth by 60.8%).The paper is a part of solution of the grant focused on analysis and formulation of further development of winegrowing and wine-production in the Czech Republic provided by the Ministry of Agriculture (No. QF 3276), and it is also a part of solution of the research plan of the Faculty of Business and Economics, MUAF in Brno (No. MSM 6215648904).
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Baker, Karl, Roger Carman, Graeme Blick, and Stuart Caie. "Mapping New Zealand 2025 – A National Perspective." Abstracts of the ICA 1 (July 15, 2019): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ica-abs-1-21-2019.
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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Land Information New Zealand (LINZ) is in a unique position internationally. This Central Government organisation houses New Zealand’s national mapping agency, hydrographic authority and geodetic survey office all under one roof. This gives the organisation the opportunity to think broadly about future directions and leverage a combined centre of expertise and skills, across the three disciplines, nationwide.</p><p>In 2007, LINZ launched the Geospatial Strategy to improve coordination, sharing and use of geospatial data across New Zealand’s government entities. The Strategy had four goals &ndash; good governance across the system; creating and maintaining key geospatial datasets; accessible and useable Government geospatial data; and interoperability.</p><p>Since then, LINZ has begun a 10-year programme of work &ndash; Mapping New Zealand 2025 &ndash; to deliver the mapping, data and expertise needed to address some of the most significant challenges facing the country, now and in the future &ndash; firstly resilience and climate change, secondly urban growth and thirdly water. These three challenges prioritise LINZ’s work under its 2017 Outcomes Framework. The vision is seamless land and sea mapping, from the top of Aoraki/Mount Cook to the edge of the continental shelf.</p><p>Mapping New Zealand 2025 brings together initiatives, leadership and investment, and builds on core LINZ expertise in mapping and charting, data partnerships with other organisations and new technologies to deliver this programme.</p><p>This paper will give an outline and update on the five major components that make up the Mapping New Zealand 2025 work programme.</p> <ol><li>Improving New Zealand’s Bathymetry Data &ndash; Decision-makers around the world are increasing their use of marine information to tackle issues such as the sustainability of ocean resources. LINZ is working with national and international organisations on projects to drive improvements in New Zealand’s depths information and to map the world’s ocean floors. Coupled with international projects, LINZ is also focusing on local initiatives such as building relationships and partnerships to ensure valuable New Zealand marine data is collected efficiently, is more accessible and reusable. The organisation is also now coordinating retrieval of data, samples and reports from international vessels undertaking marine science research in New Zealand’s Exclusive Economic Zone, Territorial Sea and Continental Shelf.</li><li>National Elevation and Imagery Partnerships &ndash; Aerial imagery and elevation (LiDAR) are foundational data infrastructure for New Zealand, with many critical applications. LINZ operates a successful partnership model for procuring and publishing aerial imagery across New Zealand, an initiative begun after the Canterbury earthquakes, when imagery over Christchurch was in great demand, but not accessible. The initiative has made aerial imagery of the entire country available to all, under a creative commons licence. LINZ has also recently established national coordination of elevation (LiDAR) data to maximise its value to New Zealand. Coordinating procurement partnerships and publishing data for open reuse are the focus of this ambitious initiative.</li><li>Mapping the coastal zone &ndash; New Zealand’s coastal zone is of great economic, social and environmental importance, and it is where climate change processes will impact the most. Fit-for-purpose coastal mapping is essential to modelling and decision-making that help us adapt and mitigate risks to our communities, individual property and infrastructure. LINZ is undertaking a one-year pilot as an initial step towards determining the needs for, and benefits of, improved coastal mapping. The pilot is stocktaking existing datasets that map parts of the coast (or intertidal or littoral zone) and identifying a fit-for-purpose reference frame for analysing data. The work will then move on to investigate the products needed to improve coastal mapping and decision-making and develop a prototype tool for mapping and visualisation.</li><li>Joining land and sea data &ndash; Currently in New Zealand, elevation and depths datasets are captured to a range of reference surfaces and datums, limiting our ability to merge them together. The largest challenges are across the coastal zone, where LINZ is working with the National Institute of Water & Atmospheric Research (NIWA) to develop a tool for ‘seamless’ linking of land and sea data. This project is being run in tandem with improving coastal mapping mentioned above, as the definition of tidal surfaces (such as mean high-water springs) are limited by the accuracy of digital terrain models and the ability to connect tidal surfaces to the coast. This project will also deliver an improved national tidal model. New Zealand’s current model was developed between 1996 and 2000 and is built on a now obsolete platform. The updated model will be recreated on a new platform and be able to use 20 additional years of data and improvements in global modelling technologies.</li><li>Maximising the benefits of Earth observation data &ndash; 2018 saw a greatly increased awareness of the potential applications of Earth observation data and technologies in government, industries and research in New Zealand. LINZ is joining with major stakeholders such as the Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment’s Space Agency, Venture Southland and the Centre for Space Science Technology to develop a national strategy for maximising the benefits of Earth observation. Aside from this national focus, LINZ will work on how best to utilise Earth observation in our own activities, in areas such as using remote sensing to map our built environments and understanding potential applications for interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR), which uses radar images of Earth’s surface collected by satellites to map ground deformation.</li></ol><p> Each of these five projects are at different stages of maturity. The presentation will cover off what each project has accomplished to date. We will present what the future holds for the programme and how Mapping New Zealand 2025 will allow LINZ, and the wider New Zealand community, to think and work differently.</p>
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Koziol-McLain, Jane, Christine Cowley, Shoba Nayar, and Diane Koti. "Impact of COVID-19 on the Health Response to Family Violence in Aotearoa New Zealand: A Qualitative Study." INQUIRY: The Journal of Health Care Organization, Provision, and Financing 60 (January 2023): 004695802211468. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00469580221146832.
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COVID-19 pandemic planning and response has resulted in unprecedented upheaval within health systems internationally. With a concern for increasing frequency and escalation of family violence, the so called “shadow pandemic,” we wondered how health system violence intervention programs were operating during this time. In Aotearoa New Zealand, the Ministry of Health Violence Intervention Program (VIP), using a systems approach, seeks to reduce and prevent the health impacts of family violence and abuse through early identification, assessment, and referral of victims presenting to designated health services. In this qualitative descriptive study, we explored how the VIP program was impacted during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. Forty-one VIP coordinators and managers representing 15 of the 20 New Zealand District Health Boards and the National VIP Team participated. Across 12 focus groups (8 face to face and 4 via Zoom) and 7 individual interviews (all via Zoom) participants shared their experience navigating systems to support frontline health providers’ responsiveness to people impacted by family violence during the pandemic. In our reflexive thematic analysis, we generated 3 themes: Responding to the moment, valuing relationships, and reflecting on the status quo. Our findings demonstrate the dynamic environment in which participants found creative ways to adapt to the uncertainty and engage with communities to re-shape interventions and ensure continued implementation of the program. At the same time, challenges within the system prior to the pandemic were brought into view and highlighted the need for action. These included, for example, the need for improved engagement with Māori (Indigenous people of Aotearoa New Zealand) to address long-standing health inequities. Having quality essential services for those impacted by family violence that engages with local knowledge and networks and routinely copes with uncertainty will strengthen our systems to minimize risk of harm during emergencies.
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Mashal, Nargis, and Sussie C. Morrish. "COVID-19 Pandemic Planning and Management: The Case of New Zealand General Practice Medical Centres." COVID 3, no. 9 (September 15, 2023): 1440–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/covid3090099.
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The objective of this study was to explore the potential enhancement of response within GP medical centres in New Zealand when facing heightened healthcare demand during a pandemic. This investigation sheds light on effective crisis management and leadership. By elucidating the contributions of this research, we gain a deeper appreciation of its importance in advancing our understanding of pandemic management. This study has yielded fresh insights and knowledge, beneficial to both academic and real-world applications, particularly concerning the adoption and effects of leadership and management within the healthcare domain amidst crisis situations. Using a multiple case study design, we conducted 86 in-depth interviews with staff from 16 General Practice centres in New Zealand. The critical activities delivered during the first six months of the COVID pandemic to keep New Zealand communities safe during the initial COVID-19 outbreak were (a) leadership in health service planning, including workforce planning, new operational processes, and expansion in the use of Information Communication Technology systems by the GP medical centres; (b) environment disinfection using national guidelines, education and establishment of respiratory clinics and expanding testing sites in GP medical centres; and (c) education and outreach to the patients including the protection of Māori, Pasifika, and remote communities. The decision to adopt a localised response to the pandemic, centralise testing, and better understand local-level needs prompted GP medical centres to communicate and engage early and effectively with patients. This enabled centres to lead and manage the COVID-19 pandemic with greater efficiency in the first six months of the outbreak. The New Zealand government’s “team of 5 million” COVID-compliance campaign program provided clear and persistent communication by the Ministry of Health. This campaign assisted in a better national understanding and compliance with the regulation of the COVID-19 pandemic. The dedication of medical centre managers to forward planning using contingency and accrued funding and setting up Community-Based Assessment Centres and respiratory clinics, including walk-in and outreach services, proved to be highly effective. GP centres led the way in COVID-19 pandemic planning, response, and management.
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Humphries, Anne, and Martin Woods. "A study of nurses’ ethical climate perceptions." Nursing Ethics 23, no. 3 (January 6, 2015): 265–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733014564101.
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Background: Acting ethically, in accordance with professional and personal moral values, lies at the heart of nursing practice. However, contextual factors, or obstacles within the work environment, can constrain nurses in their ethical practice – hence the importance of the workplace ethical climate. Interest in nurse workplace ethical climates has snowballed in recent years because the ethical climate has emerged as a key variable in the experience of nurse moral distress. Significantly, this study appears to be the first of its kind carried out in New Zealand. Aim/objective: The purpose of this study was to explore and describe how registered nurses working on a medical ward in a New Zealand hospital perceive their workplace ethical climate. Research design/participants/context: This was a small, qualitative descriptive study. Seven registered nurses were interviewed in two focus group meetings. An inductive method of thematic data analysis was used for this research. Ethical considerations: Ethics approval for this study was granted by the New Zealand Ministry of Health’s Central Regional Health and Disability Ethics Committee on 14 June 2012. Findings: The themes identified in the data centred on three dominant elements that – together – shaped the prevailing ethical climate: staffing levels, patient throughput and the attitude of some managers towards nursing staff. Discussion: While findings from this study regarding staffing levels and the power dynamics between nurses and managers support those from other ethical climate studies, of note is the impact of patient throughput on local nurses’ ethical practice. This issue has not been singled out as having a detrimental influence on ethical climates elsewhere. Conclusion: Moral distress is inevitable in an ethical climate where the organisation’s main priorities are perceived by nursing staff to be budget and patient throughput, rather than patient safety and care.
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Washbrooke, Sarah. "Teaching and learning with innovative technologies and practices at primary school level." Pacific Journal of Technology Enhanced Learning 5, no. 1 (February 9, 2023): 3–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/pjtel.v5i1.165.
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The introduction of computer science to primary schooling age is relatively new, as traditionally it was primarily set aside for secondary and tertiary level learning (Heintz et al., 2016). Experts agree that even young children can understand fundamental concepts of computational thinking (CT), and that it is important to develop skills related to CT from a young age (Boccini et. al, 2016, p.48).
Increasingly computer science is becoming a compulsory area of curriculum for many countries across the world, as reported by Bocconi et al. and there has been a recent increase in the integration of CT and computer science in mandatory education, as evidenced by the recent changes in educational curricula (p9., 2016). In New Zealand, the Technology curriculum was recently refreshed with the main revisions being the addition of CT and designing and developing digital outcomes as technological areas (Ministry of Education, 2017a). The intention of digital technologies curriculum content is to “significantly contribute to students developing the knowledge and skill they need as digital citizens and as users of digital technologies across the curriculum” (Ministry of Education, 2017b, p.3).
There is also an expectation that all teachers are responsible for building capacity in digital fluency and literacy. It is the teacher's responsibility to effectively use these tools, and to in turn educate students on how to take advantage of these tools for their learning (Wright, 2010, p.46). The main rationale for introducing CT in many countries is to promote the development of 21st century skills necessary for full engagement in the digital realm (Bocconi et al., 2016, p.8).
ByteEd, a New Zealand based educational resource company, have recently developed a new approach to the teaching of computer science at a primary school level that incorporates 21st century skill development. The Play Code Learn series of STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics) kits utilise an unplugged-to-digital methodology and explore future-focused technologies of Augmented Reality (AR) and programming.
Based on the research of Bell and Vahrenhold (2018), who state unplugged activities for students engage them with lasting ideas in computer science. Integrating physical digital tasks along with unplugged tasks proves to be more beneficial for learning. The kits enable students to learn and understand digital concepts before transitioning to putting skills and knowledge into action in a digital environment.
This presentation delves into the impact of the first Play Code Learn kit, Dinosaur Steps, on teaching and learning in two New Zealand classrooms. The use of an unplugged approach has proven to be advantageous to learners and highlights a significant shift in knowledge retention and the understanding of concepts, skills and literacy after using the Dinosaur Steps kit and related teaching resources during Term 4 2022.
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Appleby, Joanna, Dr Matthew Shepherd, and Dr Barbara Staniforth. "Speaking the same language: Navigating information-sharing in the youth justice sphere." Aotearoa New Zealand Social Work 31, no. 1 (April 23, 2019): 59–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.11157/anzswj-vol31iss1id537.
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Introduction: Qualitative research was undertaken to explore professionals’ experiences of cross-sector information-sharing about the mental health needs of young people in youth justice residences in Aotearoa New Zealand. Methods: Eight focus groups (N = 36) were conducted across Aotearoa New Zealand. Half of these were with case leaders from each of the four Oranga Tamariki – Ministry for Children – youth justice residences. The other half were with youth forensic service (YFS) clinicians who provide mental health services in each youth justice residence. Findings: The findings showed positive cross-sector relationships, despite a lack of policy around information-sharing in this context. Themes from case leaders included the practicalities of the residential environment (including restriction on young people’s freedoms and managing group safety), and case leaders’ brokerage role between competing theoretical frameworks in residence. Themes from YFS clinicians included the importance of cross-sector information-sharing for the assessment and discharge phases of mental health input. Overall themes included the impact of relationships on information-sharing, and the importance of including residential care team staff within information-sharing practices. A proposed model of information-sharing in this context has been developed.Conclusions: Effective information-sharing in youth justice residences is imperative to ensure that young people receive appropriate mental health input in residences, and that residence staff are supported to provide the best care for these young people. Social work has an important role within information-sharing practices with use of systems theory, translation of clinical jargon, and advocacy for the needs of young people involved in multiple systems.
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Owen, Hazel. "Personalised, Contextualised Professional Learning Development: Putting it into Practice." Journal of Open, Flexible and Distance Learning 15, no. 1 (June 21, 2011): 61–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.61468/jofdl.v15i1.13.
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Research, such as that collated as part of the New Zealand Ministry of Education‘s (MoE) Iterative Best Evidence Synthesis (BES), indicates that regular Professional Learning and Development (PLD) for educators can have a positive effect on the quality of teaching and, in turn, on outcomes for diverse students. PLD, though, needs to offer flexibility of choice, time and approach, and to value personal theories and experiences. Learning should be accessible (both physically and design-wise), cumulative and relevant, and couched within an active community of practice (CoP).A pilot to develop a Virtual Professional Learning and Development (VPLD) model that offered personalised, contextualised PLD was initiated by the New Zealand MoE. The project focused on primary and secondary school teachers, although one tertiary teacher participated. This paper provides an overview of the VPLD pilot (2009–2010) while also synthesising main findings from the in-depth evaluation conducted during the pilot and summarising some of the lessons learned.In brief, results suggest that there are affordances built into the VPLD model that encourage and enable education practitioners to develop at their own pace, in a supported, supportive environment, with access to all that they need to scaffold their learning journey. Thus, if it is accepted that student outcomes can mirror practitioner performance (although this is a somewhat simplistic relationship), it would follow that, if practitioners can be mentored and guided in their own continual development and thinking around learning and teaching, there is potential for the overall learning experience for students to be enhanced.
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Sherring, Phill. "Using Co-Design to Create Community Advocacy for Biosecurity Behavior Change." Social Marketing Quarterly 27, no. 2 (March 26, 2021): 67–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/15245004211003111.
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Background: New Zealand’s Ministry for Primary Industries (MPI) manages the “declare or dispose” biosecurity border compliance social marketing program. Its aim is to protect the country’s important horticulture and agriculture industries from imported pests and diseases, and its environment. The program encourages visitors to New Zealand to leave potential biosecurity risk items at home or dispose in specially marked bins on arrival. An important part of this is having New Zealand ethnic communities advocate on MPI’s behalf to friends and family overseas to follow the biosecurity rules. To fully engage the community to be advocates, it was felt that the community should be involved in the creation of this aspect of the program. Focus of the article: The article is a case study explaining how MPI used co-design methodology to create an advocacy program with a local community to assist behavior change in overseas visitors. The article focusses on the process and planning (including following a six-step co-design model) from a practitioners’ perspective to develop a program co-created with the target audience, rather than the final interventions developed. Program design/approach: The “declare or dispose” program had been solely “expert led” and designed by social marketers and researchers. The program is heavily influenced by a mix of quantitative and ethnographic research. These feed into customer journey mapping where interventions are inserted to influence audiences’ behavior. To assist in advocacy from the New Zealand Indian community to friends and family overseas, a customer led co-design process was developed to create community engagement and advocacy. Methods: MPI ran three co-design sessions involving members of local Indian community groups. The sessions used a mixture of card sorting and open discussion within small groups. The card sorting was used to review, and rate current interventions used in the behavior change program (including interventions both overseas direct to visitors and locally to community members). The open discussion asked participants to generate new ideas for potential new interventions to reach visitors. Results: Through the ranking of existing tools and participant suggestions of new ideas—MPI has developed an advocacy program that spans expert-led and user-led interventions. As hoped, the user-led suggestions were at a community-based level, resulting in a stronger buy-in from the community to deliver advocacy messages to overseas friends and family. Recommendations for practice: The article is useful for practitioners by detailing how to not only use co-design for creating new ideas, but also to evaluate existing ones to create a program blending both expert- and user-led interventions. MPI followed a six-step co-design process to organize its co-design program. This ensured that the right preparation was followed, sessions were effective, and the desired results of the program were achieved.
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Chaudhary, Shikha, Nicola Saywell, Arun Kumar, and Denise Taylor. "Visual Fixations and Motion Sensitivity: Protocol for an Exploratory Study." JMIR Research Protocols 9, no. 7 (July 27, 2020): e16805. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/16805.
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Background Motion sensitivity after vestibular disorders is associated with symptoms of nausea, dizziness, and imbalance in busy environments. Dizziness and imbalance are reported in places such as supermarkets and shopping malls which have unstable visual backgrounds; however, the mechanism of motion sensitivity is poorly understood. Objective The main aim of this exploratory observational study is to investigate visual fixations and postural sway in response to increasingly complex visual environments in healthy adults and adults with motion sensitivity. Methods A total of 20 healthy adults and 20 adults with motion sensitivity will be recruited for this study. Visual fixations, postural sway, and body kinematics will be measured with a mobile eye tracker device, force plate, and 3D motion capture system, respectively. Participants will be exposed to experimental tasks requiring visual fixation on letters, projected on a range of backgrounds on a large screen during quiet stance. Descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) will be calculated for each of the variables. One-way independent-measures analyses of variance will be performed to investigate the differences between groups for all variables. Results Data collection was started in May 2019 and was completed by February 2020. It was approved by Health and Disability Ethics Committees, Ministry of Health, New Zealand on November 2, 2018 (Ethics ref: 18/CEN/193). We are currently processing the data and will begin data analysis in July 2020. We expect the results to be available for publication by the end of 2020. The trial was funded by the Neurology Special Interest Group, Physiotherapy New Zealand, and the Eisdell Moore Centre in November 2018. Conclusions This study will provide a detailed investigation of visual fixations in response to increasingly complex visual environments. Investigating characteristics of visual fixations in healthy adults and those with motion sensitivity will provide insight into this disabling condition and may inform the development of new intervention strategies which explicitly cater to the needs of this population. Trial Registration Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry, ACTRN12619000254190; https://tinyurl.com/yxbn7nks International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) PRR1-10.2196/16805
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Nebel, Jens U. "MED's Position Paper on Digital Technology and the Copyright Act: Legislation without a Solution?" Victoria University of Wellington Law Review 36, no. 1 (May 1, 2005): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.26686/vuwlr.v36i1.5592.
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Courts in various jurisdictions have had to deal with the question of whether Internet Service Providers (ISPs) can be held liable for infringing acts committed by their subscribers. It is perhaps the most controversial legal issue emerging in the digital environment. Although New Zealand courts have yet to deal with the issue of ISP liability for copyright infringement, the Ministry of Economic Development (MED) has suggested a statutory solution for this apparent problem, which was put down in the 2002 Digital Technology and the Copyright Act 1994 Position Paper. In the Position Paper, MED proposes to exempt ISPs from liability for primary and secondary infringement under certain requirements. The suggested amendment to the Copyright Act 1994 raises several issues and questions, which will be addressed in this paper. The author argues that a total liability exemption fails to take all relevant policy factors into account and favours ISPs unilaterally. The paper suggests that ISPs do not need an exemption clause, because New Zealand's copyright law, although full of uncertainties, appears to be relatively narrow compared to other jurisdictions. The proposed reform causes more problems than it addresses. The constructive knowledge standard, which ISPs have to meet in order to fall under the liability exemption clauses, is difficult to determine and amplifies the existing uncertainties. The author suggests that instead of curing the symptoms, the legislator should get at the root of the problems, which is the cluttered secondary infringement provisions and the nebulous concept of authorisation, which is the true reason for the legal uncertainty copyright owners and ISPs are currently facing.
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Lovell, Sarah, and Pat Neuwelt. "The health promotion shift into Primary Health Organisations: Implications for the health promotion workforce." Journal of Primary Health Care 3, no. 1 (2011): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/hc11041.
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INTRODUCTION: Reconciling the primary care sectors traditional concern for individual health outcomes with a population health approach is integral to the implementation of New Zealands Primary Health Care Strategy, and a key challenge for health promotion in New Zealand. The purpose of this study was to examine the views of health promoters, their funders and managers toward the implementation of the Primary Health Care Strategys health promotion agenda. METHODS: Focus groups and interviews were carried out with 64 health promoters and 21 health sector managers and planners and funders over the 12 months beginning March 2008. Interview and focus group transcripts were analysed thematically. FINDINGS: Primary Health Organisations (PHOs) have been perceived as both an opportunity and a threat to health promotion. The opportunity was seen to lie in the development of health promotion responsive to the needs of communities. Yet the numerous PHOs that emerged spread funding and capacity for health promotion thin, particularly amongst smaller PHOs. CONCLUSION: The failure of the Ministry of Health to engage the health promotion workforce in the development and implementation of the Primary Health Care Strategy has led to a clear sense of vulnerability among health promoters. Ideological divisions between primary care and public health have been exacerbated by the restructuring of health promotion funding and delivery. Within non-governmental organisations and public health units concern continues to surround the legitimacy of health promotion approaches undertaken within the primary health care sector. KEYWORDS: Health promotion; primary health care; health policy; Primary Health Organisations; New Zealand; restructuring
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Ape-Esera, Luisa, Vili Nosa, and Felicity Goodyear-Smith. "The Pacific primary health care workforce in New Zealand: What are the needs?" Journal of Primary Health Care 1, no. 2 (2009): 126. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/hc09126.
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AIM: To scope future needs of the NZ Pacific primary care workforce. METHOD: Semi-structured interviews with key informants including Pacific primary care workers in both Pacific and mainstream primary health care organisations and managers at funding, policy and strategy levels. Qualitative thematic analysis using general inductive approach. RESULTS: Thirteen stakeholders interviewed (four males, nine females) in 2006. Included both NZ- and Island-born people of Samoan, Tongan, Niuean, Fijian and NZ European ethnicities; age 20–65 years. Occupations included general practitioner, practice nurse, community worker, Ministry of Health official and manager representing mainstream and Pacific-specific organisations. Key themes were significant differences in attributes, needs and values between ‘traditional’ and contemporary Pacific people; issues regarding recruitment and retention of Pacific people into the primary health care workforce; importance of cultural appropriateness for Pacific populations utilising mainstream and Pacific-specific primary care services and both advantages and disadvantages of ‘Pacific for Pacific’ services. CONCLUSION: Interviews demonstrated heterogeneity of Pacific population regarding ethnicity, age, duration of NZ residence and degree of immersion in their culture and language. Higher rates of mental disorder amongst NZ-born Pacific signpost urgent need to address the impact of Western values on NZ-born Pacific youth. Pacific population growth means increasing demands on health services with Pacific worker shortages across all primary health care occupations. However it is not possible for all Pacific people to be treated by Pacific organisations and/or by Pacific health workers and services should be culturally competent regardless of ethnicity of providers. KEYWORDS: Pacific Islands, New Zealand, manpower, ethnic groups, Oceanic Ancestry Group, primary health care
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Taş, Elif Çağrı, and Uğur Sunlu. "Heavy Metal Concentrations in Razor Clam (Solen marginatus, Pulteney, 1799) and Sediments from Izmir Bay, Aegean Sea, Turkey." Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 7, no. 2 (February 24, 2019): 306. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v7i2.306-313.2284.
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This study was carried out to determine the concentrations of some heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr and Fe) in Solen marginatus (Pulteney, 1799) and sediments in the middle region of Izmir Bay. Metal concentrations in S. marginatus vary in the one-year period between summer 2005 and summer 2006. The order of accumulation of metal concentrates in soft tissue of razor clam was determined as Cd < Pb < Cr< Cu < Zn < Fe. Metal accumulations in the soft tissue of S. marginatus were compared with Provisional Tolerable Weakly Intakes (PTWI) and Provisional Tolerable Daily Intakes (PTDI) for human consumption. The results show that the maximum concentrations of metals were markedly below the limits of the FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization), WHO (World Health Organization) and TFC (Turkish Food Codex) for human consumption. The order of the metal concentrations detected in the sediment samples was Cd < Pb < Cu< Cr < Zn < Fe. In this study, the maximum heavy metal values determined in the sediment are below the criteria values of the stated for international sediment quality guidelines in the NOAA (The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration), OMEE (The Ministry of Environment and Energy of Ontario), ANZECC (The Australia and New Zealand Environmental on Conservation Council), CCME (The Canadian Council of Ministers of Environment). There was a statistically significant but weak correlation between concentrations of Cu and Cr in sediment and S. marginatus. The significant correlations have shown that Solen species can be used as a bioindicator species, such as mussels due to their ability to accumulate heavy metals.
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Haggart, Kerri, Janet Hoek, and Mei-Ling Blank. "Flavor Capsule Variants’ Performance in a “Dark Market”: Implications for Standardized Packaging." Nicotine & Tobacco Research 22, no. 5 (July 28, 2018): 853–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ntr/nty158.
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Abstract Background By increasing excise taxes, eliminating tobacco marketing, and requiring standardized (plain) packaging of tobacco products, governments internationally have reduced smoking’s allure. Yet product innovations, such as flavor capsule variants (FCVs), remain unregulated and may appeal to non-smokers. We examined the growth of FCVs in a country with a progressive policy environment. Methods Each year, New Zealand tobacco companies must provide details of the number of cigarette sticks released for each brand and variant to the Ministry of Health. We used this information to analyze FCVs’ performance for British American Tobacco (BAT) and Philip Morris International (PMI), which account for a large proportion of New Zealand tobacco sales. We report the quantity released of each variant and share of parent brand portfolio, and examine growth patterns within the premium, everyday, and value market subsections. Results BAT introduced FCVs in 2012 and by 2014 offered FCVs in all market subsections; PMI introduced a Marlboro FCV in 2014. FCVs grew rapidly relative to unflavored variants and, by 2017, represented nearly 10% of BAT’s product portfolio and more than 3% of PMI’s product portfolio. By 2017, FCVs accounted for more than a third of the Dunhill sticks released, 14% of Holiday, and 17% of Pall Mall. Conclusions FCVs’ rapid growth may have reduced declines in the numbers of sticks released. Policy makers should disallow FCV innovations, which offer no health benefits to smokers and may instead attract non-smokers to smoking. Where timely, these regulations could be incorporated into standardized packaging policies. Implications FCVs have grown quickly in countries with comprehensive tobacco marketing restrictions, which suggests tobacco companies are now focusing on novel product designs to attract new smokers. Standardized packaging regulations could address both external packaging and stick design innovations, such as FCVs; alternatively, specific regulations prohibiting FCVs may be required.
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Medline, Alexandra, Dvora Joseph Davey, and Jeffrey D. Klausner. "Lost opportunity to save newborn lives: variable national antenatal screening policies for Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis." International Journal of STD & AIDS 28, no. 7 (July 20, 2016): 660–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0956462416660483.
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Unfavorable pregnancy outcomes caused by Chlamydia trachomatis or Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection are well known. The first step in addressing antenatal C. trachomatis and N. gonorrhoeae infection is a national policy to screen all pregnant women for C. trachomatis and N. gonorrhoeae, regardless of symptoms. The aim of this study was to inform policy makers on the presence of antenatal screening recommendations for C. trachomatis and N. gonorrhoeae infection. We conducted a three-part study from June 2015 to February 2016. We analyzed English and French language information online on Ministry of Health websites regarding C. trachomatis and N. gonorrhoeae antenatal screening. We referenced both primary official country and regional policy documents. We contacted the Ministry of Health directly if the information on the national antenatal screening was outdated or unavailable. In parallel, we sent a survey to the regional representative from the World Health Organization to help collect country-level data. Fourteen countries have current policies for antenatal screening of C. trachomatis and/or N. gonorrhoeae infection: Australia, the Bahamas, Bulgaria, Canada, Estonia, Japan, Germany, Latvia, New Zealand, Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, Romania, Sweden, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Australia, New Zealand, and Latvia and the United States restricted antenatal screening to women ≤25 years old and those of higher risk. Several countries responded that they had policies to treat pregnant women with symptoms. This is the currently recommended WHO guideline but is not the same as universal screening. North Korea had policies in place which were not implemented due to lack of personnel and/or supplies. National level policies to support routine screening for C. trachomatis and N. gonorrhoeae infection to prevent adverse pregnancy and newborn outcomes are uncommon.
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Lewis, Lashana, Shayne Walker, Paula Toko King, Hunia Te Urukaiata Mackay, Natalie Talamaivao, Daniel Anderson, and Susan P. Kemp. "Ka mua, ka muri—Walking backwards into the future." Aotearoa New Zealand Social Work 35, no. 1 (April 26, 2023): 5–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.11157/anzswj-vol35iss1id1016.
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INTRODUCTION: Spurred by critical reviews of Oranga Tamariki–Ministry for Children, Aotearoa New Zealand’s statutory child protection agency, and growing calls for services delivered “by Māori, for Māori, with Māori”, the New Zealand government is taking significant steps toward devolving responsibility for supporting the wellbeing of tamariki, rangatahi, and whanau Māori from the Crown to Iwi and Māori social service providers. Frequently overlooked in discussions of Crown–Māori partnerships are community-based Māta Waka (pan-tribal) organisations, which provide a range of much-needed services to tamariki, rangatahi and whānau Māori who are not mana whenua. The purpose of this Kaupapa Māori research was to examine the expectations that kaimahi working for a Māta Waka Kaupapa Māori service provider have of other organisations that: 1) partner with tamariki, rangatahi and whānau Māori; and, 2) partner with Māta Waka. APPROACH: Drawing on findings from wānanga with kaimahi, this article illuminates the principles and values that guide their practice, using these as a foundation for exploring the complexities, challenges, and opportunities inherent in building effective partnerships with statutory child protection services on behalf of tamariki, rangatahi and whānau Māori across differences in mandate, power, world views, and guiding frameworks or tikanga Māori. IMPLICATIONS: The study findings have implications for current Crown–Māori partnership efforts and, by extension, for the wellbeing of tamariki, rangatahi, and whānau Māori.
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Bidois, Marisa. "The rise and rise of dining out in New Zealand." Hospitality Insights 2, no. 2 (October 24, 2018): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/hi.v2i2.44.
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The 2018 Restaurant Association Hospitality Report [1] shows Kiwis are eating out more often, for a wider range of occasions. The latest report finds that nationwide sales for the hospitality industry have continued to grow, with takeaway food recording the highest growth.
In 2018, New Zealand’s hospitality sector achieved record sales of over $11.2 billion (year end, March). This represents sales growth of 3.6 percent over the previous year, which after two years of significant growth (8.2 percent from 2016–2017 and 9.7 percent from 2015–2016) settles at a more stabilised level in 2018. Conversely, EFTPOS data shows that grocery sales are continuing to slow, pointing to people eating out more often, replacing meals that may traditionally have been eaten at home. Over the past five years, there has been a slowdown in year-on-year supermarket sales growth from 4.9 percent in 2014 to 3.9 percent this year [2].
A recent My Food Bag and Stuff survey showed that only 52 percent of parents now eat at home every night. Statistics NZ data [3] shows that more than a quarter (26 percent) of all food spending is now at restaurants and on ready-to-eat meals, such as takeaway hot drinks and takeaway pizzas (compared with 23 percent in 2014). The takeaway/food-to-go sector is recording the highest growth. Sales for the food-to-go sector grew 5.7 percent in 2018. In dollar terms, this translates to an increase in annual sales of $148 million. But it seems we Kiwis are still hooked on dining out, with restaurants and cafés the biggest winners and accounting for $5.6 billion of all hospitality sales.
Consumer spending is highest in Auckland, Wellington and Christchurch. These three regions all have annual sales of more than $1 billion per annum. The Ministry of Business Innovation and Employment (MBIE) forecast an annual employment growth for the hospitality sector of 2.7 percent per annum through to 2026. For the period 2016–2017, however, the industry achieved employment growth of almost three times that, at 6.8 percent. The total number of people employed in hospitality is now just under 130,000, with more than 72,000 in restaurants and cafés.
Hospitality business owners rank their number one challenge as the lack of skilled employees, followed by managing wage costs. This competition for skilled employees has the potential to drive wage rises in some regions, although operators also look for creative ways to retain employees to ensure their labour costs are kept under control. Wages have the potential to rise beyond customers’ expectation of price rises, and that’s a challenge and a balancing act that hospitality business owners must face. The challenge for hospitality owners to find staff is compounded by the number of new businesses opening every week, although to a certain extent this is offset by a comparable number of businesses closing. In 2017, while more than 2,700 new businesses opened, due to those closures, the volume of new outlets overall was an increase of 534 new establishments.
The hospitality industry has performed exceptionally well in recent years and, although 2018 sees more restrained growth, the industry is well positioned to face the challenges of its competitive operating environment. Although a more cautious outlook is expected for the remainder of 2018, there are also opportunities for operators – particularly for those that deliver an exceptional offering to customers and for those that embrace both changing consumer dining trends and developments in technology to help grow their businesses.
Highlights:
Nationwide sales for the hospitality industry in 2018 (year end, March) increased by 3.6 percent, to exceed $11 billion.
The sales growth in 2018 carried across all sectors, excluding the clubs sector, with takeaway/food-to-go recording the highest growth of 5.7 percent.
Regionally, revenue growth in the Bay of Plenty region was highest for the second year in a row at 6.8 percent, followed by Auckland at 5.1 percent.
In 2017, the number of hospitality businesses nationwide increased by 534 to 17,328.
The industry currently employs almost 130,000 people.
The top challenges identified by the industry are a lack of skilled employees, wage costs, and building and maintaining sales.
Corresponding author
Marisa Bidois can be contacted at: marisa@restaurantnz.co.nz
References
(1) Restaurant Association. Annual Hospitality Report 2018, 2018. https://www.restaurantnz.co.nz/product/2018-hospitality-report/
(2) Marketview. Consumer Spending Year Ending June 2018. https://marketview.co.nz/news/ (accessed Aug 18, 2018).
(3) Stats NZ. Retail Trade Survey: March 2018 Quarter. https://www.stats.govt.nz/information-releases/retail-trade-survey-march-2018-quarter (accessed Sep 5, 2018).
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Tadaki, Marc. "Is there space for politics in the environmental bureaucracy? Discretion and constraint in Aotearoa New Zealand’s Ministry for the Environment." Geoforum 111 (May 2020): 229–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2020.02.021.
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Kelly, Veronica. "The Globalized and the Local: Theatre in Australia and Aotearoa/New Zealand Enters the New Millennium." Theatre Research International 26, no. 1 (March 2001): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0307883301000013.
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Late in 1999 the Commonwealth of Australia's Department of Communications, Information Technology and the Arts released Securing the Future, the final Report of the Major Performing Arts Enquiry chaired by Helen Nugent (commonly referred to as the Nugent Report). The operations of the committee and the findings of the Report occasioned considerable public debate in the Australian arts world in the late 1990s, as the Enquiry solicited and analysed information and opinion on the financial health and artistic practices of thirty-one national major performing arts companies producing opera, ballet, chamber and orchestral music as well as theatre. The Report saw the financial viability of Australian live performance as deeply affected by the impact of globalization, especially by what elsewhere has been called ‘Baumol's disease’ – escalating technical, administrative and wage costs but fixed revenue – which threaten the subsidized state theatre companies of Brisbane, Adelaide and Perth with their relatively small population bases. The structural implementation recommended a considerable financial commitment by Commonwealth and State Governments to undertake a defined period of stabilizing and repositioning of companies. Early in 2000 both levels of Government committed themselves to this funding – in fact increasing Nugent's requested $52 million to $70 million – and to the principle of a strengthened Australia Council dispensing arms-length subsidy. In an economically philistine political environment, these outcomes are a tribute to Nugent's astute use of economic rhetoric to gain at least a symbolic victory for the performing arts sector. In 2000 New Zealand arts gained a similar major injection of funding, while a commissioned Heart of the Nation report, advocating the dilution of the principle of arm's-length funding through the abolition of the national funding organization Creative New Zealand, was rejected by Prime Minister Helen Clark.
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Bonython, Wendy. "Tort Law and Climate Change." University of Queensland Law Journal 40, no. 3 (November 10, 2021): 421–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.38127/uqlj.v40i3.6043.
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Tort law presents doctrinal barriers to plaintiffs seeking remedies for climate change harms in common law jurisdictions. However, litigants are likely to persist in pursuing tortious causes of action in the absence of persuasive policy and regulatory alternatives. Ongoing litigation in Smith v Fonterra Co-operative Group Ltd in New Zealand and Sharma v Minister for Environment in Australia highlights tensions between torts doctrine and climate change litigation in both countries. Regardless of its ultimate outcome, that litigation provides a valuable opportunity to integrate theoretical questions about the legitimacy of judicial lawmaking, and intersectional critical legal perspectives, into the teaching of torts.
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Chmielewski, Witold. "W trosce o polskość dzieci i młodzieży z okresu drugiej wojny światowej w Nowej Zelandii." Kwartalnik Pedagogiczny 64, no. 4 (254 (February 13, 2020): 272–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.8473.
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The aim of the article is to present the issue of retaining the national identity among the youngest Polish exiles living in New Zealand. To present that issue, methods appropriate for the history of education were applied. The basis of the research were the materials stored in the Polish Institute and Sikorski Museum in London. As a result of the archival research, at the invitation of the Prime Minister Peter Fraser, a group of Polish children arrived in the settlement of Pahiatua in New Zealand. They were mainly orphans with their carers. The exiles were provided with good living conditions. School children were prepared to return to free Poland after the war, they attended Polish schools in the settlement and the older ones attended New Zealand schools run mainly by the Catholic Church. The moment Poland found itself under the Soviet influence and the power was taken by the communists, the exiles from Pahiatua did not want to return to the enslaved country. They decided to stay in the friendly New Zealand. In that situation, the issue of retaining their national identity arose, along with the need to provide them with education, profession and work. The concept of resisting the policy of depriving the young generation of their national identity was in the focus of the Polish authority in London. It was also a matter of great concern of the teachers and carers in the settlement of Pahaiatua. Many initiatives were taken which aimed at retaining the Polish identity among children and youth living in New Zealand, who gradually started work in the unknown environment. The conducted activities to retain the Polish identity bore positive results. The Polish identity wasretained not only by the exiles but also by their children and grandchildren, who, not knowing the language of their ancestors, cultivate national traditions and remember their roots. As a result of the presented deliberations, we may draw a conclusion that the conduct of the Polish authority in exile in the analysed issue was appropriate. In such a situation one should act similarly and always consistently.
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Wilson, Thomas, Miles Grafton, and Matthew Irwin. "Comparing the Carbon Storage Potential of Naturally Regenerated Tea Trees with Default New Zealand Carbon Look-Up Tables: A Case Study." Agriculture 13, no. 4 (April 12, 2023): 856. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture13040856.
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The New Zealand Emissions Trading Scheme allows landowners to be remunerated for the carbon sequestration capabilities of eligible forests established post 1990. For afforested areas of 100 hectares or fewer, carbon sequestration is estimated with the use of default carbon look-up tables administered by the Ministry for Primary Industries. However, a disparity exists between exotic pines (Pinus radiata), where carbon sequestration predictions are regionally differentiated, and native species, where carbon sequestration estimations are neither distinguished by species or locality. This paper aims to highlight this inequality by comparing the calculated carbon storage of endemic tree species with the ‘Indigenous Forest’ category in the carbon look-up tables. The carbon storage of 12-year-old naturally regenerated tea trees (Leptospermum scoparium and Kunzea ericoides) was calculated using allometric measurements and compared to the look-up tables. The results suggest that carbon look-up tables underestimate the carbon sequestration of native tea trees by 81.8%. A bimodal data distribution suggests that carbon sequestration is heavily dependent on light interception levels. It is recommended that carbon sequestration data for specific native species in different environments are collected and integrated into such tables.
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Azariah, Sunita, Stephen McKernon, and Suzanne Werder. "Large increase in opportunistic testing for chlamydia during a pilot project in a primary health organisation." Journal of Primary Health Care 5, no. 2 (2013): 141. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/hc13141.
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INTRODUCTION: The Auckland chlamydia pilot project was one of three funded by the Ministry of Health to trial implementation of the 2008 Chlamydia Management Guidelines. Chlamydia is the most commonly notified sexually transmitted infection in New Zealand. AIM: To increase opportunistic testing in under-25-year-olds and to improve documentation of partner notification in primary care. METHODS: A four-month pilot was initiated in Total Healthcare Otara using a nurse-led approach. Laboratory testing data was analysed to assess whether the pilot had any impact on chlamydia testing volumes in the target age-group. Data entered in the practice management system was used to assess follow-up and management of chlamydia cases. RESULTS: During the pilot there was a 300% increase in the number of chlamydia tests in the target age-group from 812 to 2410 and the number of male tests increased by nearly 500%. Twenty-four percent of people tested were positive for chlamydia, with no significant difference in prevalence by ethnicity. The pilot resulted in better documentation of patient follow-up in the patient management system. DISCUSSION: There was a large increase in chlamydia testing during the pilot with a high prevalence found in the population tested. Chlamydia remains an important health problem in New Zealand. The cost benefit of increased chlamydia screening at a population level has yet to be established. KEYWORDS: Chlamydia; notification, partner; pilot project; prevalence; primary health care