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Journal articles on the topic 'New Zealand composers'
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1
WHALLEY, IAN. "Traditional New Zealand Mäori Instruments, Composition and Digital Technology: some recent collaborations and processes." Organised Sound 10, no. 1 (April 2005): 57–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355771805000671.
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This paper examines the integration of traditional New Zealand Mäori instruments with digital music technology, and the use of these instruments in making new works. The focus is on the work of performer/composers Hirini Melbourne and Richard Nunns, as well as recent collaborations that Richard Nunns has undertaken with some composers and musicians in genres other than Mäori music. Aesthetic, practical and cultural considerations in the composition process are explored.
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Rickards, Guy. "New Releases of music by Women Composers." Tempo 59, no. 231 (January 2005): 74–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0040298205260072.
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CECILIE ØRE: A. – a shadow opera. Joachim Calmeyer, Anneke von der Lippe, Tilman Hartenstein, Henrik Inadomi, Lakis Kanzakis, Rob Waring (voices). Aurora ACD 5034.BETH ANDERSON ‘Swales and Angels’: March Swale1; Pennyroyal Swale1; New Mexico Swale2,1,3; The Angel4,1,5,6,8; January Swale1; Rosemary Swale1; Piano Concerto6,1,7,3,8. 1Rubio String Quartet, 2Andrew Bolotowsky (fl, picc), 3David Rozenblatt (perc), 4Jessica Marsten (sop), 5Joseph Kubera (vc, pno), 6André Tarantiles (hp), 7Darren Campbell (bass), c. 8Gary M. Scheider. New World 80610-2.RAGNHILD BERSTAD: Anstrøk for violin and cello1; Krets for orchestra9; Respiro for clarinet and tape2; Zeugma for ensemble3; Toreuma for string quartet4; Verto for voice, cello & percussion5,6,7; Emutatio for voice, chorus and orchestra5,8,9. 1Kyberia, 2Lars Hilde (cl), 3Affinis Ensemble, 4Arditti String Quartet, 5Berit Ogheim (voice), 6Lene Grenager (vc), 7Cathrine Nyheim (perc), 8Oslo Chamber Choir, 9Norwegian Radio Orchestra c. Christian Eggen. Aurora ACD 5021.TAILLEFERRE: Works for piano. Cristiano Ariagno (pno). Timpani 1C1074.‘Sweetly I Rejoice: Music based on Songs and Hymns from Old Icelandic Manuscripts’ by HILDIGUNNUR RÚNARSDÒTTIR, MIST THORKELSDÒTTIR, THÒRDUR MAGNÚSSON, JÒN GUDMUNDSSON, ELÍN GUNNLAUGSDÒTTIR and STEINGRÍMUR ROHLOFF. Gríma Vocal Ensemble. Marta Gudrún Halldórsdóttir (sop), EThos String Quartet. Instrumental Ensemble c. Gunnstein Òlafsson. Smekkleysa SMK31 (2-CD set).‘I Start My Journey’: Sacred music by Anon, SMÁRI ÓLASON, ELÍN GUNNLAUGSDÒTTIR, STEFÁN ÓLAFSSON, JAKOB HALLGRIMSSON, BARA GRÍMSDÒTTIR, HRÒDMAR INGI SIGURBJÖRNSSON, GUNNAR REYNÍR SVEINSSON. Kammerkor Sudurlands c. Hilmar Örn Agnarsson. Smekkleysa SMK17.‘New Zealand Women Composers’. DOROTHY KER: The Structure of Memory. JENNY McLEOD: For Seven. GILLIAN WHITEHEAD: Ahotu (O Matenga). ANNEA LOCKWOOD/Lontano: Monkey Trips (1995). Lontano c. Odaline de la Martinez. LORELT LNT116.SPAIN-DUNK: Phantasy Quartet in D minor. BEACH: String Quartet in one movement. SMYTH: String Quartet in E minor. Archaeus String Quartet. Lorelt LNT114.SAARIAHO: Du cristal…a la fumée1–3; Nymphaea4; Sept Papillons2. 1Petri Alanko (alto fl), 2Anssi Karttunen (vlc), 3Los Angeles PO c. Esa-Pekka Salonen, 4Kronos Quartet. Ondine ODE 1047-2.
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Kerr, Elizabeth. "Women composers in New Zealand in the 19th and 20th centuries — An ancient culture and a “young country”?" Contemporary Music Review 11, no. 1 (January 1994): 325–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07494469400641281.
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Koudal, Jens Henrik. "Musikkens betydning på en større gård i mellemkrigstiden." Kulturstudier 4, no. 1 (May 29, 2013): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/ks.v4i1.8138.
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The meaning of music at a large farm during the inter-war periodThis article investigates music as culture from a historical, ethno-musicological perspective. Jens Henrik Koudal bases his work on the preserved music collection and large private archives of Christian Olsen (1881–1968), who was born and spent most of his life on the farm Torpelund in Zealand, Denmark. From Olsen’s collection, it is possible to make a historical reconstruction of the rich musical life that took place on the farm, and the purpose of the article is to examine what the musical activities meant to the Olsen family’s social and cultural identity; i.e., both their self-conceptualisation and their marking of identity towards their surroundings. The article’s method is rooted in a ‘broad’ concept of culture, along with Christopher Small’s concept ‘musicking’ and new musicology’s tendency to focus on the practice of music-making rather than on ‘great’ composers and books of music. Torpelund is compared to similar settings in England (e.g., East Suffolk around 1900, according to Carole Pegg) and Western concert halls (around 1980, according to Christopher Small).During the inter-war period, the Olsen family gathered together a circle of diverse people, including relatives, friends, business connections and other musicians, who all participated in the “musicking” as equals. Their repertoire consisted of classical and romantic art music from c. 1780–1890, plus the family’s old folk-dancing music (arranged by members of the family). In its own opinion, the circle’s music-making was a ‘higher’ kind of music that established clear distinctions towards lower social classes, towards other races (e.g., blacks with their ragtime and jazz) and towards modern music (e.g., art music and popular music). Specific to Torpelund are three concepts, which also characterise the social and cultural identity of the Olsen family: conservatism, privacy and exclusivity. The musical practices of the Olsens at Torpelund indicate that, during the inter-war period, the family represented a particular amalgamation of the peasant family, the part of the country (northwestern Zealand) and an international, middle-class education.
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Koudal, Jens Henrik. "Musikkens betydning på en større gård i mellemkrigstiden." Kulturstudier 4, no. 1 (May 29, 2013): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/ks.v4i1.8136.
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The meaning of music at a large farm during the inter-war period This article investigates music as culture from a historical, ethno-musicological perspective. Jens Henrik Koudal bases his work on the preserved music collection and large private archives of Christian Olsen (1881–1968), who was born and spent most of his life on the farm Torpelund in Zealand, Denmark. From Olsen’s collection, it is possible to make a historical reconstruction of the rich musical life that took place on the farm, and the purpose of the article is to examine what the musical activities meant to the Olsen family’s social and cultural identity; i.e., both their self-conceptualisation and their marking of identity towards their surroundings. The article’s method is rooted in a ‘broad’ concept of culture, along with Christopher Small’s concept ‘musicking’ and new musicology’s tendency to focus on the practice of music-making rather than on ‘great’ composers and books of music. Torpelund is compared to similar settings in England (e.g., East Suffolk around 1900, according to Carole Pegg) and Western concert halls (around 1980, according to Christopher Small). During the inter-war period, the Olsen family gathered together a circle of diverse people, including relatives, friends, business connections and other musicians, who all participated in the “musicking” as equals. Their repertoire consisted of classical and romantic Viennese music from c. 1780–1890, plus the family’s old folk-dancing music (arranged by members of the family). In its own opinion, the circle’s music-making was a ‘higher’ kind of music that established clear distinctions towards lower social classes, towards other races (e.g., blacks with their ragtime and jazz) and towards modern music (e.g., art music and popular music). Specific to Torpelund are three concepts, which also characterise the social and cultural identity of the Olsen family: conservatism, privacy and exclusivity. The musical practices of the Olsens at Torpelund indicate that, during the inter-war period, the family can be seen as a particular amalgamation of the peasant family, the part of the country (northwestern Zealand) and an international, middle-class education.
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Zhang, Xingrong, and Helen Rees. "Wandering through Yunnan, a New Soundworld: Remembering New Zealand Composer Jack Body." Ethnic Arts Studies 29, no. 1 (February 28, 2016): 142–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.21004/issn.1003-840x.2016.01.142.
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McTAVISH, S. M., C. E. POPE, C. NICOL, K. SEXTON, N. FRENCH, and P. E. CARTER. "Wide geographical distribution of internationally rareCampylobacterclones within New Zealand." Epidemiology and Infection 136, no. 9 (November 21, 2007): 1244–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268807009892.
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SUMMARYDuring the southern hemisphere winter of 2006 New Zealand experienced a significant increase in the number of reported cases ofCampylobacterinfection. In total, 112Campylobacterisolates from eight district health boards (DHBs) located across New Zealand were submitted for PFGE, MLST and Penner serotyping analysis. Distinct clusters ofCampylobacterisolates were identified, several of which were composed of isolates from up to five different DHBs located on both the North and South islands of New Zealand. One sequence type, ST-474, was identified in 32 of the 112 isolates and may represent an endemic sequence type present in New Zealand. The spatial pattern of genotypes, combined with the generalized increase in notifications throughout the country is consistent with a common source epidemic, most likely from a source contaminated with the dominant sequence types ST-474 and ST-190 and may also represent widely distributed stable clones present in New Zealand.
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Destegul, Umut, Grant Dellow, and David Heron. "A ground shaking amplification map for New Zealand." Bulletin of the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering 42, no. 2 (June 30, 2009): 122–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5459/bnzsee.42.2.122-128.
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A ground shaking amplification map of New Zealand has been compiled from data held by GNS Science. The resulting map is being used in RiskScape, a tool for comparing risks at a given site from a variety of hazards by estimating potential losses.
A GIS-based geological map with national coverage has been composed from several sources, and is used as the base data. Geological maps from the QMAP project (an ongoing project to digitally compile 1:250,000 geological maps for all of New Zealand) have been used where available, supplemented with detailed geological maps at scales ranging from 1:25,000 to 1:50,000 for the larger urban areas. Gaps in the QMAP series have been filled by the 1:1,000,000 ‘Geological Map of New Zealand’.
Every geological polygon in the composite geological map has been assigned one of the ground shaking amplification (or site) classes from the New Zealand Standard for Structural Design Actions – Earthquake actions (NZS 1170.5) to produce the result map. These conform to the site class definitions in NZS 1170.5, which describes five classes with respect to ground shaking amplification. Assignment of these classes was straightforward for rock sites but more involved for soils where, for example, at boundaries between weak rock and deep soil sites a buffer zone of shallow soil was applied.
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Benade, Leon, and Nesta Devine. "Tomorrow’s School’s Review." Teachers' Work 15, no. 2 (December 20, 2018): 85–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/teacherswork.v15i2.276.
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Wide-ranging changes proposed by the Tomorrow’s Schools Independent Taskforce (2018) seek to end the 30-year period known as ‘Tomorrow’s Schools’, or, what we earlier referred to as the ‘Thirty Years War’ (Devine, Stewart & Benade, 2018).Tomorrow’s Schools (New Zealand Taskforce to Review Education Administration, 1988) emerged from the reform period of the mid-1980s, propelling New Zealand to the forefront of neoliberal policy-making. The current taskforce, composed of notable educationists, has endeavoured to arrive at proposals that emphasise educational interests rather than the competitive commercial interests promoted by Treasury in 1988.
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Carter, Jane C., and Alexander L. Garden. "The gap between attitudes and processes related to ‘family-friendly’ practices in anaesthesia training in New Zealand: A survey of anaesthesia supervisors of training and departmental directors." Anaesthesia and Intensive Care 48, no. 6 (November 2020): 454–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0310057x20958716.
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Gender inequity persists within the anaesthetic workforce, despite approaching numerical parity in Australia and New Zealand. There is evidence, from anaesthesia and the wider health workforce, that domestic gender norms regarding parental responsibilities contribute to this. The creation of ‘family-friendly’ workplaces may be useful in driving change, a concept reflected in the gender equity action plan developed by the Australian and New Zealand College of Anaesthetists. This study aimed to explore the extent to which a family-friendly culture exists within anaesthesia training in New Zealand, from the perspective of leaders in anaesthesia departments. An electronic survey composed of quantitative and qualitative questions was emailed to all supervisors of training, rotational supervisors and departmental directors at Australian and New Zealand College of Anaesthetists accredited training hospitals in New Zealand. Twenty-eight of the 71 eligible participants responded (response rate 39%). The majority (61%) agreed with the statement ‘our department has a “family friendly” approach to anaesthesia trainees’; however, there was a discrepancy between views about how departments should be and how they actually are. Several barriers contributing to this discrepancy were identified, including workforce logistics, governance, departmental structures and attitudes. Uncertainty in responses regarding aspects of working hours, parental leave and the use of domestic sick leave reflect gaps in understanding, with scope for further enquiry and education. To redress gender bias seriously through the development of family-friendly policies and practices requires supportive governance and logistics, along with some cultural change.
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AMORIM, DALTON D. S., and MARIA I. P. A. BALBI. "A review of Anapausis Enderlein (Diptera: Scatopsidae) in the Neotropical Region, with four new species and comments on the phylogeny of the genus." Zootaxa 1300, no. 1 (August 21, 2006): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1300.1.1.
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Four new Neotropical species of Anapausis are described: A. clivicola sp. nov., A. wirthi sp. nov., A. mayana sp. nov., and A. mourei sp. nov. Anapausis fuscinervis Edwards is redescribed, and a key for the Neotropical species of the genus is provided. The homology of the sclerites of the male terminalia is considered. Shared features allow recognition of four major clades within the genus, one composed of the species in Australia, New Zealand, Chile, and southern Brazil, one composed of a pair of Central American species, one composed of the Afrotropical and Oriental species, and one composed of the Holarctic species. The Central American species of Anapausis appear to be more connected to the circumantarctic and the Afro-Oriental clades than to the Holarctic clade of the genus.
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Locke, Linda, and Terry Locke. "Sounds of Waitakere: Using practitioner research to explore how Year 6 recorder players compose responses to visual representations of a natural environment." British Journal of Music Education 28, no. 3 (October 14, 2011): 263–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0265051711000209.
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How might primary students utilise the stimulus of a painting in a collaborative composition drawing on a non-conventional sound palette of their own making? This practitioner research features 17 recorder players from a Year 6 class (10–11-year-olds) who attend a West Auckland primary school in New Zealand. These children were invited to experiment with the instrument to produce collectively an expanded ‘repertoire’ or ‘palette’ of sounds. In small groups, they then discussed a painting by an established New Zealand painter set in the Waitakere Ranges and attempted to formulate an interpretation in musical terms. On the basis of their interpretation, drawing on sounds from the collective palette (complemented with other sounds), they worked collaboratively to develop, refine and perform a structured composition named for their chosen painting. This case study is primarily descriptive (providing narrative accounts and rich vignettes of practice) and, secondarily, exploratory (description and analysis leading to the development of hypotheses). It has implications for a range of current educational issues, including curriculum integration and the place of composition and notation in the primary-school music programme.
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Tseng, Mei-Chen, and Peter J. Smith. "Lack of genetic differentiation observed in Pacific bluefin tuna (Thunnus orientalis) from Taiwanese and New Zealand waters using mitochondrial and nuclear DNA markers." Marine and Freshwater Research 63, no. 3 (2012): 198. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf11126.
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The Pacific bluefin tuna, Thunnus orientalis, is distributed mainly in the north Pacific Ocean, but a few individuals are also found in the south Pacific Ocean. We tested the ‘one-stock’ hypothesis that genetic differentiation is absent between populations from the north and south Pacific Oceans. Three molecular markers, cytochrome (Cyt) b, control region (CR) and microsatellites, were applied to identify species, investigate the population genetic structure and infer the population demographics of T. orientalis in Taiwanese and New Zealand waters. Tissue samples of T. orientalis were collected from Taiwanese (n = 53) and New Zealand (n = 70) waters. A neighbour-joining (NJ) tree of the Cyt b gene revealed a monophyletic topology. An NJ tree of the CR showed insignificant geographical grouping. Nei’s genetic identity (0.971), FST (0.003, P = 0.243) and RST (0.019, P = 0.099) between the two sets of samples were estimated from seven microsatellite loci. A factorial correspondence analysis and assignment test showed that these two sample sets lacked genetic differentiation. All these results support the one-stock hypothesis in these two samples from Taiwanese and New Zealand waters implying that they should compose the single management unit.
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DAVIS, STEVEN R., TALIA BRAV-CUBITT, THOMAS R. BUCKLEY, and RICHARD A. B. LESCHEN. "Systematics of the New Zealand Weevil Etheophanus Broun (Curculionidae: Molytinae)." Zootaxa 4543, no. 3 (January 7, 2019): 341. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4543.3.2.
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Etheophanus Broun is considered a molytine based on the form of the pharyngeal plate, presence of a small spiculum relictum in the male, and presence of a pair of small internal apodemes on the antero-lateral corners of the 5th abdominal ventrite of the female. Examination of primary type specimens and newer material confirm one new species Etheophanus kuscheli sp. n. and two synonomies (Etheophanus nitidellus Broun, 1923 [= Etheophanus obscurus Broun, 1923] and Etheophanus striatus Broun, 1910 [=Etheophanus punctiventris Broun, 1914]). Generic and species diagnoses, a key to the species, and lectotype designations for three species are included. Phylogenetic reconstructions based on a combined analysis of the nuclear 28S rRNA and mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I genes confirmed the status of E. kuscheli and a species complex, the E. nitidellus/E. optandus clade distributed in the southern portion of the South Island. The relationship E. pinguis [northern North Island] (E. striatus [southern North Island, northern South Island] (E. kuscheli [northwestern South Island] (E. nitidellus, E. optandus [southwestern North Island]) corresponds to geographic patterns found in other beetle lineages. Etheophanus striatus is composed of three lineages, one widespread in the north and south islands and two allopatric populations in the northwest South Island. The E. nitidellus/E. optandus complex includes four distinct lineages, one restricted to Fiordland, the other three sympatric in the region affected by the Haast Corridor.
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Hughes, Owen E. "MPA Programs in Australia." Chinese Public Administration Review 3, no. 1/2 (November 4, 2016): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.22140/cpar.v3i1/2.53.
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Australian universities have established specific Masters programs for public servants over the past twenty years. However, until recently, despite being established, they have not thrived by comparison with MBA and other masters courses in business. It was not easy to attract students and good staff. MPA programs have generally not captured the public sector community’s attention in the same way as is the case in a number of US schools of public administration or management. This situation changed in 2003 with the creation of the Australia and New Zealand School of Government (ANZSOG). This is a consortium of five governments - the Commonwealth government, the New Zealand government, and the three largest state governments - and nine universities set up to provide an Executive Masters in Public Administration. The ANZSOG cohort is composed of future leaders in the opinion of their governments. All students are fully funded by their governments and at a level that is more costly per student than other training. Funding of this scale reflects a major change for governments in Australia.The establishment of the Australia and New Zealand School of Government represents a major change in education of public managers in Australia. There are lessons for other countries in its establishment.
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Bolton, Jan. "Technologically mediated composition learning: Josh's story." British Journal of Music Education 25, no. 1 (March 2008): 41–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0265051707007711.
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An innovative ICT project called Compose has been implemented in some New Zealand primary schools in an effort to counteract the lack of classroom composition opportunities. Compose combines the use of music software and online learning with attempts to address barriers to primary classroom composition. This article illustrates, through personal narrative, how Compose made successful composition experiences possible for a student in a classroom where no such opportunities had previously existed. The project led to the student acquiring compositional skill and knowledge and a positive music self-concept. Though it is not possible to generalise from a single case study, the findings indicate that Compose could offer a potentially viable way to increase classroom composition learning opportunities.
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Yao, Chun-Hsu, Chin-Chuan Tsai, Yueh-Sheng Chen, Chen-Jung Chang, Bai-Shuan Liu, Chun-Ching Lin, and Yang-Hwei Tsuang. "Fabrication and Evaluation of a New Composite Composed of Tricalcium Phosphate, Gelatin and Chi-Li-Saan as a Bone Substitute." American Journal of Chinese Medicine 30, no. 04 (January 2002): 471–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0192415x02000557.
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The purpose of this study was to prepare and evaluate the feasibility and biocompatibility of a new composite as a bone substitute. The new composite (GTGC) was mainly composed of tricalcium phosphate ceramics and gelatin to which Chi-Li-Saan, a Chinese medicinal remedy was added. The GTGC composite was manually packed into cylindrical Teflon molds, dried overnight in an oven and sterilized by γ-ray prior to use. Mature New Zealand rabbits, weighting 3–3.5 kg, underwent full-thickness excision of the parietal bone. In the experimental group, bone defects of 12 animals were filled with the GTGC composites and another 12 unreconstructed rabbits were considered as controls. Three rabbits were examined for each group in every time period at 2, 4, 8 and 12 weeks after operation. There was no evidence of adverse tissue reaction to the GTGC composite. In addition, examination with light and fluorescent microscopy revealed a significantly greater amount of new bone ingrowth in the GTGC group at the same implantion time as compared with the controls. Therefore, the GTGC composite could serve as a useful substitute when repairing bone defects.
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Dellow, G. D., S. A. L. Read, J. G. Begg, R. J. Van Dissen, and N. D. Perrin. "Distribution of geological materials in Lower Hutt and Porirua, New Zealand." Bulletin of the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering 25, no. 4 (December 31, 1992): 332–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5459/bnzsee.25.4.332-344.
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Geological materials in the Lower Hutt, Eastbourne, Wainuiomata, and Porirua urban areas are mapped and described as part of a multi-disciplinary assessment of seismic ground shaking hazards. Emphasis is mainly on the flat-lying parts of these areas which are underlain by variable Quaternary-age sediments that overlie Permian-Mesozoic age 'greywacke' bedrock. Within the Quaternary-age sediments, the two material types recognised on strength characteristics are:
1) Soft sediments, typically composed of normally consolidated, fine-grained materials (sand, silt and clay), with typical standard penetration values (SPT) of <20 blows/300 mm; and
2) Loose to compact coarser-grained materials (sand, gravel), with SPT values of >20 blows/300 mm.
The total thickness and nature of Quaternary-age sediments in the study areas is described, with particular emphasis on the thickness and geotechnical properties of near-surface sediments. Such sediments are considered likely to have a significant influence on the an1plification and attenuation of ground shaking intensity during earthquakes.
In the Lower Hutt valley, near-surface soft sediments greater than 10 m thick have an areal extent of -16 km2. Such soft sediments underlie much of Petone and the Lower Hutt urban and city centres, and have a maximum known thickness of 27 m near the western end of the Petone foreshore. In the Wainuiomata area, near-surface soft sediments greater than 10 m thick have an areal extent of - 3 km2, and attain a maximum thickness of 32 m. In Porirua, near-surface soft sediments have a maximum thickness of 14 m, cover an area of -2km2, and underlie much of the city centre. In the Lower Hutt valley the total known thickness of Quaternary-age sediments, including near-surface soft sediments is 300 m. Quaternary-age sediments are very much thinner in other areas, with thicknesses of 60 m recorded in Wainuiomata, 10 m in Eastbourne, and 90 m in the Porirua area.
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FRYDAY, Alan M., and Hannes HERTEL. "A contribution to the family Lecideaceae s. lat. (Lecanoromycetidae inc. sed., lichenized Ascomycota) in the southern subpolar region; including eight new species and some revised generic circumscriptions." Lichenologist 46, no. 3 (May 2014): 389–412. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0024282913000704.
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AbstractEight new species of Lecideaceae are described from the southern subpolar region: Bryobilimbia coppinsiana Fryday, a saxicolous species with one septate ascospores (Campbell Island, New Zealand); Immersaria fuliginosa Fryday, with a thallus composed of thalloconidia (Falkland Islands); Lecidea aurantia Fryday, with an orange thallus (Auckland Islands, New Zealand); L. campbellensis Fryday, with an endolithic thallus and apothecia resembling those of a species of Porpidia (Campbell Island); Poeltiaria ochyrae Hertel, which is similar to P. subincongua but with a thick areolate thallus (South Orkney and South Shetland Islands); P. tasmanica Fryday, which is similar to P. urbanskyana but with smaller ascopores (Tasmania); Poeltidea inspersa Fryday with an enolithic thallus and a hymenium with large oil globules (Falkland Islands); and Porpidia vulcanoides Hertel & Fryday with immersed apothecia with a thick margin and large ascospores (SW Chile). Lecidea kalbii Hertel is resurrected from the synonymy of L. mannii Tuck. and treated as a distinct species. The circumscription of genera within the Lecideaceae is also discussed: Poeltiaria is shown to be heterogeneous, and the genera Labyrintha and Notolecidea are reduced to synonymy with Poeltidea and Poeltiaria respectively, and the new combinations Poeltidia implexa (Malcolm et al.) Hertel & Fryday and Poeltiaria subcontinua (Hertel) Hertel & Fryday made. A key to the genera of Lecideaceae s. lat. is provided.
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Mitich, Larry W. "Cinquefoils (Potentilla spp.)—The Five Finger Weeds." Weed Technology 9, no. 4 (December 1995): 857–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890037x00024337.
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In 1753 Linneaus named the genus Potentilla in his Species Plantarum. The common name five finger is used frequently for this group of plants. The genus, in the rose family (Rosaceae), is composed of about 500 north temperate species (50 in North America, 75 European species) of mostly boreal herbs and shrubs. Indeed, Potentilla extends far into arctic regions. However, a few species are south temperate. And although less common, some species are also found in alpine and high mountain regions of the tropics and South America; P. anserinoides Lehm. is a New Zealand native.
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Duffy, Mervyn. "The Perils of Published Missionary Letters." International Bulletin of Mission Research 42, no. 3 (January 10, 2018): 251–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2396939317750541.
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Contemporaneous publications of missionary letters often include material written for publicity purposes. These can be letters written by the missionaries themselves, or even fictional letters composed for the purpose and presented as genuine. By analyzing one such fiction and the genuine letter on which it is based, this article identifies criteria for distinguishing actual correspondence from its imitation. The example is drawn from a minor incident in New Zealand in 1840 involving the meeting of a Catholic missionary with a Methodist missionary, both of whom subsequently wrote about the encounter.
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Silva, Débora Regina Romualdo da, Sandra Valéria Inácio, Walter Bertequini Nagata, Carolina Beatriz Baptista, Ana Paula Fernezi Bassi, Jancarlo Ferreira Gomes, Alex Akira Nakamura, and Katia Denise Saraiva Bresciani. "Investigation of gastrintestinal parasites in rabbits of the species Oryctolagus cuniculus in the Northwest region of São Paulo, Brazil." Research, Society and Development 10, no. 10 (August 15, 2021): e468101019130. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i10.19130.
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Enteroparasites can be pathogenic for the rabbit population and for this reason, we have investigated its occurrence in bioterium of rabbits. The sample group was composed of 103 adult males of the species Oryctolagus cuniculus and New Zealand breed. Fecal samples (n = 103) were processed using the Willis Techniques (Fluctuation in saturated sodium chloride solution with specific density of 1.20 g/mL) and Faust (Centrifugal-flotation in zinc sulphate with density of 1.18 g/ml). The diameters of larger and smaller sizes of the sporocysts and sporozoites of the coccidia were measured by means of optical microscopy using the program CellSens 1.17_00_en_Rhine_13Feb2017. The Faust Technique showed positivity of 39.74% (31/78) for Eimeria spp, while in Willis Technique, 35.90% (28/78) was observed for Eimeria spp, being the species Eimeria perforans and in 51.28% (47/78) of them there was no parasitism. We identified, for the first time, the occurrence of the specie E. perforans in rabbits of the species O. cuniculus, New Zealand breed kept in a bioterium. Therefore, it is extremely important for the implantation of parasitic control of rabbits kept in bioterium for scientific purposes, the monitoring of possible infections by means of periodic coproparasitological exams.
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Birtwistle, Andy. "Jack Ellitt as Director: Documentary Films of the 1940s." Journal of British Cinema and Television 18, no. 3 (July 2021): 329–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/jbctv.2021.0577.
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This article examines the work of the film-maker and composer Jack Ellitt (1902–2001) who remains something of an enigmatic and marginal figure in historical accounts of British documentary cinema. Research on Ellitt has so far focused on two key aspects of his life and career: firstly, his association with the New Zealand-born film-maker and artist Len Lye, and secondly, his pioneering work as a composer of electro-acoustic music. However, little research been undertaken on the work that he produced during the three decades he spent working as a documentary director in the British film industry, beginning in the early 1940s and ending with his retirement in the 1970s. He was a member of the remarkable generation of film-makers associated with the British documentary movement, and a composer whose radical experiments with recorded sound might well have secured him a more prominent place in the history of experimental music than is currently the case. Focusing on films made by Ellitt during the 1940s, the primary aim of this article is to offer a chronological appraisal of his early work as documentary director, while also considering what new perspectives this group of films might offer on his earlier creative collaboration with Lye, and the extent to which his radical experiments in electro-acoustic composition may have influenced the use of sound within the films he directed.
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Robbins, PA. "The morphology of Catenellopsis (Catenellopsidaceae, fam. nov.; Rhodophycota)." Australian Systematic Botany 3, no. 4 (1990): 689. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sb9900689.
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Catenellopsis oligarthra, a small caespitose red alga endemic to New Zealand, is currently classified with the Gymnophloeaceae (Gigartinales), but it exhibits patterns of vegetative and reproductive morphology previously unknown in the Rhodophycota that suggest the removal of Catenellopsis to a new monotypic family. The plants originate from a basal pulvinus that includes rhizoidal and other secondary filaments. Numerous erect triaxial reproductive branches that lack any capacity for secondary development arise from individual filaments of the pulvinus. Gametophytic branches develop a single constriction, within which superficial cells fuse to form a reticulum that gives rise to an external annulus composed of catenate sporangia. Cruciate tetrasporangia are transformed from terminal cells throughout the cortex of unconstricted tetrasporophytes.
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Cichota, Rogerio, Iris Vogeler, Val O. Snow, and Trevor H. Webb. "Ensemble pedotransfer functions to derive hydraulic properties for New Zealand soils." Soil Research 51, no. 2 (2013): 94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr12338.
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Modelling water and solute transport through soil requires the characterisation of the soil hydraulic functions; however, determining these functions based on measurements is time-consuming and costly. Pedotransfer functions (PTFs), which make use of easily measurable soil properties to predict the hydraulic functions, have been proposed as an alternative to measurements. The better known and more widely used PTFs were developed in the USA or Europe, where large datasets exist. No specific PTFs have been published for New Zealand soils. To address this gap, we evaluated a range of published PTFs against an available dataset comprising a range of different soils from New Zealand and selected the best PTFs to construct an ensemble PTF (ePTF). Assessment (and adjustment when required) of published PTFs was done by comparing measurements and estimates of soil water content and the hydraulic conductivity at selected matric suction values. For each point, the best two or three PTFs were chosen to compose the ePTF, with correcting constants if needed. The outputs of the ePTF are the hydraulic properties at selected matric suctions, akin to obtaining measurements, thus allowing the fit of different equations as well as combining any available measurements. Testing of the ePTF showed promising performance, with reasonably accurate estimates of the water retention of an independent dataset. Root mean square error values averaged 0.06 m3 m–3 for various New Zealand soils, which is within the accuracy level of published PTF studies. The largest errors were found for soils with high clay content, for which the ePTF should be used with care. The performance of the ePTF for estimating soil hydraulic conductivity was not as reliable as for water content, exhibiting large scatter. Predictions of saturated hydraulic conductivity were of the same magnitude as the measurements, whereas the unsaturated values were generally under-predicted. The conductivity data available for this study were limited and highly variable. The estimates for hydraulic conductivity should therefore be used with much care, and future research should address measurements and analysis to improve the predictions. The ePTF was also used to parameterise the SWIM soil module for use in Agricultural Production Systems Simulator (APSIM) simulations. Comparisons of drainage predicted by APSIM against results from lysimeter experiments suggest that the use of the derived ePTF is suited for the estimation of soil parameters for use in modelling. The ePTF is not envisaged as a substitute for measurements but is a useful tool to complement datasets with limited amounts of measured data.
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Lane, Calonne, Slattery, and Hickey. "Oligosaccharides Isolated from MGO™ Manuka Honey Inhibit the Adhesion of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia Coli O157:H7 and Staphylococcus Aureus to Human HT-29 cells." Foods 8, no. 10 (October 1, 2019): 446. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods8100446.
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Historically, honey is known for its anti-bacterial and anti-fungal activities and its use for treatment of wound infections. Although this practice has been in place for millennia, little information exists regarding which manuka honey components contribute to the protective nature of this product. Given that sugar accounts for over 80% of honey and up to 25% of this sugar is composed of oligosaccharides, we have investigated the anti-infective activity of manuka honey oligosaccharides against a range of pathogens. Initially, oligosaccharides were extracted from a commercially-available New Zealand manuka honey—MGO™ Manuka Honey (Manuka Health New Zealand Ltd)—and characterized by High pH anion exchange chromatography coupled with pulsed amperiometric detection. The adhesion of specific pathogens to the human colonic adenocarcinoma cell line, HT-29, was then assessed in the presence and absence of these oligosaccharides. Manuka honey oligosaccharides significantly reduced the adhesion of Escherichia coli O157:H7 (by 40%), Staphylococcus aureus (by 30%), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (by 52%) to HT-29 cells. This activity was then proven to be concentration dependent and independent of bacterial killing. This study identifies MGO™ Manuka Honey as a source of anti-infective oligosaccharides for applications in functional foods aimed at lowering the incidence of infectious diseases.
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Sharbel, Timothy F., David M. Green, and Andreas Houben. "B-chromosome origin in the endemic New Zealand frog Leiopelma hochstetteri through sex chromosome devolution." Genome 41, no. 1 (February 1, 1998): 14–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g97-091.
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The endemic New Zealand frog Leiopelma hochstetteri has variable numbers of mitotically stable B chromosomes. To assess whether the B chromosomes were derived from the autosome complement, they were isolated by micromanipulation and their DNA amplified by degenerate oligonucleotide primed PCR. Southern hybridizations of B chromosome DNA probes to genomic DNA from males and females characterized by differing numbers of B chromosomes demonstrated that the B chromosomes were derived from the univalent W sex chromosome characteristic of North Island populations. The presence of homologous B chromosome specific sequences from geographically distinct populations indicates a single origin of the B chromosomes. Furthermore, a primitive homology shared by B chromosomes and the W sex chromosome from an ancestral WZ/ZZ karyotype, which is still present in frogs from Great Barrier Island, shows that the B chromosomes originated soon after the univalent W sex chromosome had originated. Sequence analysis revealed that B chromosome DNA is composed of repeat sequences and has the potential to form stable hairpin structures. The molecular dynamics of these structures may reflect an inherent propensity to undergo rapid change in nucleotide sequence and chromosome structure.
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VANDERGAST, AMY G., DAVID B. WEISSMAN, DUSTIN A. WOOD, DAVID C. F. RENTZ, CORINNA S. BAZELET, and NORIHIRO UESHIMA. "Tackling an intractable problem: Can greater taxon sampling help resolve relationships within the Stenopelmatoidea (Orthoptera: Ensifera)?" Zootaxa 4291, no. 1 (July 11, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4291.1.1.
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The relationships among and within the families that comprise the orthopteran superfamily Stenopelmatoidea (suborder Ensifera) remain poorly understood. We developed a phylogenetic hypothesis based on Bayesian analysis of two nuclear ribosomal and one mitochondrial gene for 118 individuals (84 de novo and 34 from GenBank). These included Gryllacrididae from North, Central, and South America, South Africa and Madagascar, Australia and Papua New Guinea; Stenopelmatidae from North and Central America and South Africa; Anostostomatidae from North and Central America, Papua New Guinea, New Zealand, Australia, and South Africa; members of the Australian endemic Cooloola (three species); and a representative of Lezina from the Middle East. We also included representatives of all other major ensiferan families: Prophalangopsidae, Rhaphidophoridae, Schizodactylidae, Tettigoniidae, Gryllidae, Gryllotalpidae and Myrmecophilidae and representatives of the suborder Caelifera as outgroups. Bayesian analyses of concatenated sequence data supported a clade of Stenopelmatoidea inclusive of all analyzed members of Gryllacrididae, Stenopelmatidae, Anostostomatidae, Lezina and Cooloola. We found Gryllacrididae worldwide to be monophyletic, while we did not recover a monophyletic Stenopelmatidae nor Anostostomatidae. Australian Cooloola clustered in a clade composed of Australian, New Zealand, and some (but not all) North American Anostostomatidae. Lezina was included in a clade of New World Anostostomatidae. Finally, we compiled and compared karyotypes and sound production characteristics for each supported group. Chromosome number, centromere position, drumming, and stridulation differed among some groups, but also show variation within groups. This preliminary trait information may contribute toward future studies of trait evolution. Despite greater taxon sampling within Stenopelmatoidea than previous efforts, some relationships among the families examined continue to remain elusive.
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Holbek, Simon C., Madison Frank, James M. Scott, Steven A. F. Smith, Petrus J. le Roux, Tod E. Waight, Robert Van Hale, Malcolm R. Reid, and Claudine H. Stirling. "Structural Controls on Shallow Cenozoic Fluid Flow in the Otago Schist, New Zealand." Geofluids 2020 (August 25, 2020): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/9647197.
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The Otago Schist in the South Island of New Zealand represents an exhumed Mesozoic accretionary prism. Two coastal areas (Akatore Creek and Bruce Rocks) south of Dunedin preserve structural and geochemical evidence for the development of postmetamorphic hydrothermal systems that involved widespread fluid-rock reaction at shallow crustal depths. The Jurassic to Triassic pumpellyite-actinolite (Akatore Creek) to upper greenschist facies (Bruce Rocks) metamorphic fabrics were crosscut by sets of regionally extensive Cretaceous exhumation joints. Many of the joints were subsequently reactivated to form networks of small-displacement (<metres) strike-slip faults containing cemented fault breccias and veins composed of hydrothermal calcite, siderite, and ankerite. Paleostress analysis performed on infrequent fault slickenlines indicates an overall strike-slip paleostress regime and a paleo-σ1 orientation (azimuth 094°) similar to the contemporary σ1 orientation in Otago and Canterbury (azimuth c. 110°-120°). High δ18O values in vein calcite (δ18OVPDB=21 to 28‰), together with the predominance of Type I calcite twins, suggest that vein formation occurred at low temperatures (<200°C) in the shallow crust and was associated with strongly channelized fluid flow along the joint and fault networks. Mass-balance calculations performed on samples from carbonate alteration zones show that significant mobilisation of elements occurred during fluid flow and fluid-rock reaction. Whole-rock and in situ carbonate 87Sr/86Sr data indicate varying degrees of interaction between the hydrothermal fluids and the host rock schists. Fluids were likely derived from the breakdown of metamorphic Ca-rich mineral phases with low 87Rb in the host schists (e.g., epidote or calcite), as well as more radiogenic components such as mica. Overall, the field and geochemical data suggest that shallow fluid flow in the field areas was channelized along foliation surfaces, exhumation joints, and networks of brittle faults, and that these structures controlled the distribution of fluid-rock reactions and hydrothermal veins. The brittle fault networks and associated hydrothermal systems are interpreted to have formed after the onset of Early Miocene compression in the South Island and may represent the manifestation of fracturing and fluid flow associated with reverse reactivation of regional-scale faults such as the nearby Akatore Fault.
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NECCHI JR, ORLANDO, TIMOTHY J. ENTWISLE, CIRO C. Z. BRANCO, and MONICA O. PAIANO. "First record of Nocturama (Batrachospermales, Rhodophyta) in South America, with the description of a new species N. novamundensis." Phytotaxa 278, no. 3 (October 12, 2016): 273. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.278.3.7.
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Specimens from southeastern and southern Brazil previously identified as Sheathia arcuata (= Batrachospermum arcuatum) are shown to be members of the recently described genus Nocturama, previously known only from Australia and New Zealand. Morphological and molecular evidence support recognizing the Brazilian specimens as a new species, described here as Nocturama novamundensis, sp. nov. Comparison of DNA sequences of the plastid-encoded ribulose-1,5-bisphosphatecarboxylase–oxygenase large subunit (rbcL) and the nuclear small subunit ribosomal DNA (SSU rDNA) markers showed Nocturama as a well supported clade. The sequence divergences between the new and the type species were high (95-98bp, 7.4–7.6%) for rbcL and 19bp, 1.1% for SSU), and those within each species were extremely low (0-1 bp, 0-0.1%). The new species can be distinguished from N. antipodites in having curved primary fascicles composed of non-‘audouinelloid’ cells (compared to straight primary fascicles with audouinelloid—cylindrical—cells) and in being always dioecious (only rarely is N. antipodites dioecious).
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Yao, Chun-Hsu, Bai-Shuan Liu, Chau-Guey Liu, and Yueh-Sheng Chen. "Osteogenic Potential Using a Malleable, Biodegradable Composite Added Traditional Chinese Medicine: in vitro and in vivo Evaluations." American Journal of Chinese Medicine 34, no. 05 (January 2006): 873–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0192415x06004351.
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The purpose of this investigation was to prepare and evaluate the feasibility and biocompatibility of a new composite as a large defect bone substitute. The new GTGG was mainly composed of tricalcium phosphate ceramic particles and glutaraldehyde crosslinked gelatin in which Gui-Lu-Jiao was added (a mixture of Cervi Colla Cornus and Colla Plastri Testudinis). In the in vitro study, rat's calvaria osteoblasts were used to study bone characteristics upon exposure to different concentrations of the Gui-Lu-Jiao solution. In the in vivo study, GTGG composites were implanted into the defects of calvarial bones in mature New Zealand rabbits to test their osteogenerative characteristics. As a result, we found that Gui-Lu-Jiao added to the culture could promote the proliferation of osteoblasts. In addition, GTGG could induce a large amount of new bone growth in the rabbit's calvarial bone defect. Therefore, the GTGG composite might be a potential bone substitute.
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Mountain, B. W., L. G. Benning, and J. A. Boerema. "Experimental studies on New Zealand hot spring sinters: rates of growth and textural development." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 40, no. 11 (November 1, 2003): 1643–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e03-068.
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To study the rate of growth of sinters in New Zealand hot springs, field experiments were conducted in seven geothermal areas. At Wairakei, fan-shaped subaqueous deposits of amorphous silica grow rapidly (350 kg a1 m2 of drain wall) and are composed of silicified filaments with subordinate bacillus and spirillium-shaped organisms. Characterization of bacteria revealed isolates sharing > 97% 16S rRNA gene sequence homologies affiliated with Thermus, Meiothermus,Bacillus, Tepidomonas, Thermomonas, Porphyrobacter, Thermonema, and, Hydrogenophilus spp., as well as previously uncultured bacteria. At Rotokawa, microstromatolites have a slow growth rate (0.004 mm day1) that is attributed to low pH, capillary rise, and evaporation. At Champagne Pool, sinter growth (0.023 mm day1) is dominated by wave action building alternating microbe-rich and microbe-poor layers. Silica sinter was not observed at Waikite, where slides developed a layer of calcite (0.026 mm day1). Sinter growth at Ngatamariki (0.016 mm day1) forms by capillary rise, evaporation, and diffusion and at Tokaanu, subaqueous growth is slow (0.002 mm day1) and contains silicified microbes. Textures at Orakei Korako indicate similar mechanisms to Ngatamariki, except that growth is more rapid (0.023 mm day1) due to a splash contribution. Silica and calcite saturation indices adequately explain the growth of the sinters and calcite, indicating that microbes are not inducing precipitation where it should not occur. The rate of precipitation is correlated with silica supersaturation, but pH effects can alter this relationship. The degree of preservation of microbial material is explained by the effect of Ostwald ripening on silica spherules. Subaqueous growth allows coarsening of spherules and poor preservation of smaller microbes while subaerial nucleation is rapid, Ostwald ripening is inactive, and better preservation can be expected.
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Maison, Tatiana, Sébastien Potel, Pierre Malié, Rafael Ferreiro Mählmann, Frank Chanier, Geoffroy Mahieux, and Julien Bailleul. "Low-grade evolution of clay minerals and organic matter in fault zones of the Hikurangi prism (New Zealand)." Clay Minerals 53, no. 4 (December 2018): 579–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/clm.2018.46.
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ABSTRACTClay minerals and organic matter occur frequently in fault zones. Their structural characteristics and their textural evolution are driven by several formation processes: (1) reaction by metasomatism from circulating fluids; (2)in situevolution by diagenesis; and (3) neoformation due to deformation catalysis. Clay-mineral chemistry and precipitated solid organic matter may be used as indicators of fluid circulation in fault zones and to determine the maximum temperatures in these zones. In the present study, clay-mineral and organic-matter analyses of two major fault zones – the Adams-Tinui and Whakataki faults, Wairarapa, North Island, New Zealand – were investigated. The two faults analysed correspond to the soles of large imbricated thrust sheets formed during the onset of subduction beneath the North Island of New Zealand. The mineralogy of both fault zones is composed mainly of quartz, feldspars, calcite, chabazite and clay minerals such as illite-muscovite, kaolinite, chlorite and mixed-layer minerals such as chlorite-smectite and illite-smectite. The diagenesis and very-low-grade metamorphism of the sedimentary rock is determined by gradual changes of clay mineral ‘crystallinity’ (illite, chlorite, kaolinite), the use of a chlorite geothermometer and the reflectance of organic matter. It is concluded here that: (1) the established thermal grade is diagenesis; (2) tectonic strains affect the clay mineral ‘crystallinity’ in the fault zone; (3) there is a strong correlation between temperature determined by chlorite geothermometry and organic-matter reflectance; and (4) the duration and depth of burial as well as the pore-fluid chemistry are important factors affecting clay-mineral formation.
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Wang, Yu, Mikael Boulic, Robyn Phipps, Manfred Plagmann, and Chris Cunningham. "Experimental Performance of a Solar Air Collector with a Perforated Back Plate in New Zealand." Energies 13, no. 6 (March 18, 2020): 1415. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13061415.
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This study investigates the thermal efficiency of a solar air heater (SAH), when it was mounted on a custom-made support frame, and was operated under different air mass flow rate. This SAH is composed of a transparent polycarbonate cover plate, a felt absorber layer, a perforated aluminium back plate and an aluminium frame. The ambient inlet air of this SAH is heated as it passes through the perforated back plate and over the felt absorber layer. The heated air is blown out through the outlet. Studies of SAHs with a similar design to this SAH were not found in the literature. The experiment was carried out at Massey University, Auckland campus, NZ (36.7° S, 174.7° E). The global horizontal solar irradiance, the ambient temperature and the wind speed were recorded using an on-site weather station. Temperature and velocity of the air at the outlet were measured using a hot wire anemometer. During the experiment, the air mass flow rate was between 0.022 ± 0.001 kg/s and 0.056 ± 0.005 kg/s. Results showed that when the SAH was operated at the airflow between 0.0054 kg/s and 0.0058 kg/s, the inlet air temperature and the wind speed (between 0 and 6.0 m/s) did not impact the temperature difference between the outlet air and the inlet air. The thermal efficiency of the SAH increased from 34 ± 5% at the airflow between 0.021 kg/s and 0.023 kg/s, to 47 ± 6% at the airflow ranging from 0.032 kg/s to 0.038 kg/s, to 71 ± 4% at the airflow of 0.056 ± 0.005 kg/s. The maximum thermal efficiency of 75% was obtained at the airflow of 0.057 kg/s. The effective efficiency of the SAH was 32 ± 5% at the airflow between 0.021 kg/s and 0.023 kg/s, 42 ± 6% at the airflow ranging from 0.032 kg/s to 0.038 kg/s, and 46 ± 11% at the airflow of 0.056 ± 0.005 kg/s.
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Gunter, Nicole L., Geoff B. Monteith, Stephen L. Cameron, and Tom A. Weir. "Evidence from Australian mesic zone dung beetles supports their Gondwanan origin and Mesozoic diversification of the Scarabaeinae." Insect Systematics & Evolution 50, no. 2 (April 9, 2019): 162–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1876312x-00002171.
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The evolution of dung beetles remains contentious with two hypotheses reflecting Cretaceous and Paleogene origins driven by different methods. We explore biogeographic evidence and phylogeographic origins against vicariance and dispersal scenarios that attribute to the four elements of the Australian fauna using a multi-gene approach. Maximum-likelihood and Bayesian analyses supported the Australasian clade, composed of almost all Australian, New Caledonian and New Zealand endemic genera (to the exclusion of Boletoscapter). Two Australian lineages with east-west splits and few lineages with restricted, non-overlapping distrbution were identified, and biogeography models provided evidence that vicariance and founder event speciation are important processes in the diversification of Australasian scarabaeines. Our phylogenetic results are largely congruent with a mid-Cretaceous origin of the Australasian clade, the tectonic history of Gondwanaland and climatic history of the Australian continent, and provide compelling evidence that Australian dung beetles are a relictual fauna whose history is linked to mesic zone fragmentation.
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Corcoran, P. L., and L. N. Moore. "Subaqueous eruption and shallow-water reworking of a small-volume Surtseyan edifice at Kakanui, New Zealand." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 45, no. 12 (December 2008): 1469–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e08-068.
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Kakanui volcaniclastic deposits on the South Island of New Zealand are the remnants of two late Eocene to early Oligocene Surtseyan-type cones. Eruptive-dominated material of the (i) stratified tuff and lapilli tuff, and (ii) lapilli tuff breccia lithofacies and post-eruptive debris of the (iii) shell-rich tuff and lapilli tuff, and (iv) chaotic and cross-bedded tuff and lapilli tuff lithofacies compose the deposits. The 9–250 m thick stratified tuff and lapilli tuff contains grain-flow deposits originating from low-volume tephra jets and local thinning and fining upward sequences that formed from density currents during sustained uprush. The lapilli tuff breccia, up to 4.5 m thick, contains inward-dipping beds deposited via debris flows along inner-cone walls. Burrows and articulated shells in the 2–4 m thick shell-rich tuff and lapilli tuff indicate volcanic quiescence and low sedimentation rates, whereas shell fragments upsection signal increased wave and current activity. Burrows, pyrite concretions, and mudstone in the lower part of the 26 m thick chaotic tuff and lapilli tuff indicate suspension deposition and cessation in pyroclastic volcanism. High-angle trough cross-beds and limestone rip-up fragments upsection are consistent with wave-induced current reworking. The depositional model involves a Surtseyan-type eruption on a continental shelf, followed by colonization of organisms on the tops of planed-off cones. The Kakanui deposits comprise a cluster of cones constituting part of a late Eocene – early Oligocene monogenetic volcanic field. The Kakanui succession provides an opportunity to study deposits that form from explosive subaqueous pyroclastic eruptions and wave-dominated deposition and erosion.
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Gardner, James, and Christopher Fox. "‘IT'S NOT SOMETHING ONE CAN DELIBERATELY SET OUT TO DO’: CHRISTIAN WOLFF IN CONVERSATION." Tempo 72, no. 283 (December 19, 2017): 56–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0040298217000948.
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ABSTRACTIn 2002 Christian Wolff was a guest composer at the Huddersfield Contemporary Music Festival and during the course of the festival he was interviewed by Christopher Fox and by James Gardner. Fox's interview took place before an audience in the Lawrence Batley Theatre on 25 November; Gardner's interview was recorded in private in the George Hotel, Huddersfield on 27 November, and edited excerpts from that recording were subsequently used in a programme produced by Radio New Zealand. The conversation presented here has been compiled by James Gardner from his transcriptions of the two interviews and presents a wide-ranging discussion of Wolff's musical preoccupations across every phase of his compositional career, from the early piano pieces of the 1950s, to his involvement with indeterminacy in the 1960s, to the political concerns evident in his music after 1970, to the works of the last three decades in which indeterminate and determinate methods of composition are combined.
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FACHIN, DIEGO AGUILAR, CHARLES MORPHY D. SANTOS, and DALTON DE SOUZA AMORIM. "First two species of Austroleptis Hardy (Diptera: Brachycera: Austroleptidae) from Brazil." Zootaxa 4369, no. 4 (January 7, 2018): 557. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4369.4.6.
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Two new species of the genus Austroleptis Hardy, so far known only from Australia and Chile, are described from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest—A. longirostris nov. sp. and A. papaveroi nov. sp. The species share clear apomorphic features of the genus, as the subdivision of female tergite 8. Both new species share a distinctive wing pattern, and a flagellomere 1 that is as wide as the more distal flagellomeres, features that clearly differentiate them from the Chilean and Australian species. It is likely that the Brazilian species compose a small clade apart from the Chilean species of the genus. A. longirostris nov. sp. has a particular long proboscis, even for the standards of non-tabanid tabanomorphs, while A. papaveroi nov. sp. has a stump on M3. The scutum coloration also helps to discriminate between both species. This is an additional example of a group in southern Brazil with southern temperate connections, i.e., involving southern Chile and Argentina and either Australia, New Zealand or both. Additional records and illustrations of Austroleptis atriceps Malloch and A. penai Nagatomi & Nagatomi from Chile are provided.
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Beymer, Alecia. "Review of the Sixth International Symposium on Poetic Inquiry: Breaking Through the Abstract: Poetry as/in/for Social Justice." Art/Research International: A Transdisciplinary Journal 3, no. 1 (March 1, 2018): 270–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.18432/ari29370.
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This is a review of the 6th International Symposium on Poetic Inquiry held at Bowling Green State University, and graciously hosted by Sandra Faulkner. This symposium meets biennially with presenters from many different areas of the world such as Nova Scotia, Canada, and New Zealand. The theme this year was poetry in/as/for social justice. In this review, I seek to think through some of the questions and uncertainties that arose over the course of the few days we met in November. We complicated meanings of social justice at this contemporary time and revisited formulations of social justice through past events. Within this review, I write a personal/theoretical piece embedded with citations from poets, and in the end compose a poem that is an amalgamation of language from presenters’ abstracts and my own ideas.
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Khidirov, K. I., G. J. Kutlieva, B. I. Turaeva, N. A. Elova, D. K. Nurmukhamedova, and Kh F. Kamalova. "Efficiency Of Using Domestic Feed Additive On Biological And Physiological Indicators Of Rabbits." American Journal of Veterinary Sciences and Wildlife Discovery 03, no. 04 (August 31, 2021): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/tajvswd/volume03issue04-01.
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Research has been carried out to study the influence of "ProBioKorm Uz", a biologically active feed additive, on the development and physiological characteristics of rabbits of ‘New Zealand’ breed. During the experiment, 2 experimental and a control groups were formed. Adding "ProBioKorm Uz" to the main feed at the rate of 1% and 2% had an increase in experimental group rabbits’ live weight. Average live weight of them was higher by 5,7 %-3.8% than in the control group. Feed units composed 1.59%, dry matter 0.56 kg (3.61%) and crude protein 0.11 kg (3.59%) compared with the control group. Rabbits of experimental groups had higher indicators of erythrocytes concentration by 0.34-1.00 1012/l (10.34-19.53%), leukocytes - by 0.370-0.46 109/l (5.66-8, 06%), as well as a high level of hemoglobin by 7.42-11.08 g/l (6.81-10.08%) and total protein - by 2.40-4.48 (3.64-6, 42%).
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Taksavasu, Tadsuda, Thomas Monecke, and T. Reynolds. "Textural Characteristics of Noncrystalline Silica in Sinters and Quartz Veins: Implications for the Formation of Bonanza Veins in Low-Sulfidation Epithermal Deposits." Minerals 8, no. 8 (August 2, 2018): 331. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min8080331.
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Silica sinters forming at the Wairakei geothermal power plant in New Zealand are composed of noncrystalline opal-A that deposited rapidly from cooling geothermal liquids flashed to atmosphere. The sinter is laminated with alternating layers of variably compacted silicified filamentous microbes encased by chains of fused silica microspheres. Microscopic inspection of bonanza quartz vein samples from the Buckskin National low-sulfidation epithermal precious metal deposit in Nevada showed that colloform bands in these veins exhibit relic microsphere textures similar to those observed in the silica sinters from the Wairakei power plant. The textural similarity suggests that the colloform bands were originally composed of noncrystalline opal-A that subsequently recrystallized to quartz. The colloform bands contain dendrites of electrum and naumannite that must have grown in a yielding matrix of silica microspheres deposited at the same time as the ore minerals, implying that the noncrystalline silica exhibited a gel-like behavior. Quartz bands having other textural characteristics in the crustiform veins lack ore minerals. This suggests that ore deposition and the formation of the colloform bands originally composed of compacted microspheres of noncrystalline silica are genetically linked and that ore deposition within the bonanza veins was only episodic. Supersaturation of silica and precious metals leading to the formation of the colloform bands may have occurred in response to transient flashing of the hydrothermal liquids. Flashing of geothermal liquids may thus represent a key mechanism in the formation of bonanza precious metal grades in low-sulfidation epithermal deposits.
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Cardozo, Sergian Vianna, Bruno Pereira Berto, Inês Caetano, Viviane Camara Maniero, Marcos Santos, Isabel Pereira da Fonseca, and Carlos Wilson Gomes Lopes. "Avispora mochogalegoi n. sp. (Apicomplexa: Sarcocystidae) in the little owl, Athene noctua (Strigiformes: Strigidae), in mainland Portugal." Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária 26, no. 3 (September 2017): 348–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1984-29612017053.
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Abstract The little owl Athene noctua (Scopoli, 1769) is a small raptor that is widely distributed from northern to southern Portugal and several other countries in Europe, Asia and North Africa, and which has been introduced into New Zealand. In the current study, 18 fecal samples were collected from little owls kept at the Lisbon Center for Wild Animal Recovery, which is located in Monsanto Forest Park, Lisbon, Portugal. Twelve (67%) of them were found to be passing an undescribed species of Avispora in their feces. The oocysts of Avispora mochogalegoi n. sp. were ellipsoidal with a bilayered wall and measured 38.9 × 32.9 µm, with a shape index of 1.18. No micropyle, oocyst residuum or polar granule was present. The sporocysts were subspherical, measuring 21.1 × 20.1 µm. Stieda, sub-Stieda and para-Stieda bodies were absent. The sporocyst residuum was composed of a compact subspherical mass of granules. This is the fourth species of Avispora reported in Strigiformes.
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González-Masís, Jeimmy, Jorge M. Cubero-Sesin, Yendry Regina Corrales-Ureña, Sara González-Camacho, Nohelia Mora-Ugalde, José Roberto Vega-Baudrit, Klaus Rischka, Virendra Verma, and Rodolfo J. Gonzalez-Paz. "Nonirritant and Cytocompatible Tinospora cordifolia Nanoparticles for Topical Antioxidant Treatments." International Journal of Biomaterials 2020 (August 21, 2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/3637098.
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Tinospora cordifolia extract contains antioxidants such as polyphenols, and thus, it has been used as a natural phytochemical antioxidant therapeutic agent. Many of these compounds are insoluble or only partially soluble in water. In this study, we produced a novel aqueous nanoparticle formulation, with an average particle size of 182.9 ± 3.8 nm, to improve the dispersion of the bioactive compounds in water and to increment its bioavailability. The nanoparticles are composed of polyphenols, alkaloids, and glycosides. We studied the effect of this nanoparticle formulation on mouse 3T3 fibroblast cell viability and New Zealand rabbit dermal irritability tests. Concentrations of 2.5, 25, and 250 µg/mL resulted in similar cell viability to cells in culture media. An intermediate concentration of 12.45 mg/ml was used for the acute dermal irritability test. There were no severe alterations that compromised animal health. These results represent a precedent for application of such nanoparticles derived from plant stems, such as Tinospora cordifolia, in biomedicine and in antiaging cosmetic treatments.
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Lee, Kwang Suk, Kyung Jo Woo, and Jae Young Jeon. "Biomechanical Analysis of Tendon Suture Techniques." Hand Surgery 02, no. 02 (December 1997): 93–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218810497000173.
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The relative strength of three suture methods of lacerated tendon were measured by mechanical disruption in effort to determine the strength of suture technique. Fifty-four calcaneal tendons of 27 New Zealand white rabbits were transected at mid-portion and repaired with the three suture techniques: group 1: Kessler suture; group 2: Pennington's modified-Kessler suture; and group 3: augmented-Becker suture technique. Each group was composed of 18 calcaneal tendons. Three groups of rabbits, 9 in each, were, respectively, sacrificed immediately after suture, at 2 weeks postoperatively and at 4 weeks postoperatively. The augmented-Becker repair was strongest in tensile strength and maximum stress at immediate operation, 2 weeks postoperatively and 4 weeks postoperatively. The augmented-Becker repair had the highest modulus of elasticity at time of suture, at 2 and at 4 weeks postoperatively. Tensile strength, maximum stress and modulus of elasticity gradually increased from the time of operation to 4 weeks, but the difference was not of statistical significance at 4 weeks.
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SELDON, DAVID S., and RICHARD A. B. LESCHEN. "Revision of the Mecodema curvidens species group (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Broscini)." Zootaxa 2829, no. 1 (April 22, 2011): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2829.1.1.
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The flightless carabid genus Mecodema Blanchard 1843 is restricted to New Zealand and presently contains 64 species. In this study, we examine species in the newly constituted curvidens group (sulcatum and curvidens are synonymised), reducing the Mecodema species groups to seven. They share two synapomorphies (rounded apical lobe of the aedeagus and lack of microsculpture on the vertex of the head) and are distributed in Northland, south along the east coast of the North Island and the northeast portion of the South Island. Adult specimens of the curvidens and sulcatum groups, along with exemplars of the other Mecodema groups (alternans, costellum, ducale, infimate, laterale and spiniferum), and an outgroup Oregus Putzeys 1868 were examined for cladistic analysis using a data matrix composed of a 63 characters and 21 terminal taxa. The analysis resulted in 18 most parsimonious trees. The following new species in the curvidens group are described: M. aoteanoho sp. n., M. haunoho sp. n., M. manaia sp. n., M. parataiko sp. n., M. ponaiti sp. n., and M. tenaki sp. n. Mecodema exitiosus was wrongly sysnonymised under M. occiputale and we propose a new synonymy M. curvidens (=M. exitiosus). We consider the parts of the male genitalia in detail with special attention to the structures of apical plate once everted from the endophallus.
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Pinto Filho, Saulo T. L., Micheli M. Pillat, Matheus P. Rosa, Fabíola Dalmolin, Henning Ulrich, and Ney L. Pippi. "Expression patterns of mesenchymal stem cell-specific proteins in adipose tissue-derived cells: possible immunosuppressing agent in partial allograft for restoring the urinary bladder in rabbits." Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 38, no. 12 (December 2018): 2183–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-5300.
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ABSTRACT: Adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are an attractive source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for use in tissue engineering and clinical applications. This paper focuses on the characterization of ADSCs used as immunosuppressive agent in rabbits undergoing partial allograft for urine bladder restorage. For this study highlighted the characterization of the ADSCs used as immunosuppressive agents in rabbits submitted to partial allograft for restoration of the urinary vesicle, using 25 animals, six months old, New Zealand. ADSCs at the third peal were characterized by the MSC-specific CD105, CD73 and CD90 expression and by the absence of the hematopoietic marker CD45, as revealed by flow cytometry analysis. Moreover, ADSCs were efficient in preventing allograft rejection from the urinary bladder, as judged by biochemical, clinical and ultrasonography analysis. Together, these results compose characterization of protein expression profiles and immunosuppressive functionality of ADSCs in rabbits, which had undergone partial allografts of the urinary bladder, foreseeing future applications in clinical practice.
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Vanden Berg-Foels, Wendy S. "Mandibular Cartilage Collagen Network Nanostructure." CARTILAGE 7, no. 3 (June 22, 2016): 274–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1947603515611948.
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Background Mandibular condyle cartilage (MCC) has a unique structure among articular cartilages; however, little is known about its nanoscale collagen network architecture, hampering design of regeneration therapies and rigorous evaluation of regeneration experiment outcomes in preclinical research. Helium ion microscopy is a novel technology with a long depth of field that is uniquely suited to imaging open 3D collagen networks at multiple scales without obscuring conductive coatings. Objective The objective of this research was to image, at the micro- and nanoscales, the depth-dependent MCC collagen network architecture. Design MCC was collected from New Zealand white rabbits. Images of MCC zones were acquired using helium ion, transmission electron, and light microscopy. Network fibril and canal diameters were measured. Results For the first time, the MCC was visualized as a 3D collagen fibril structure at the nanoscale, the length scale of network assembly. Fibril diameters ranged from 7 to 110 nm and varied by zone. The articular surface was composed of a fine mesh that was woven through thin layers of larger fibrils. The fibrous zone was composed of approximately orthogonal lamellae of aligned fibrils. Fibrocyte processes surrounded collagen bundles forming extracellular compartments. The proliferative, mature, and hypertrophic zones were composed of a branched network that was progressively remodeled to accommodate chondrocyte hypertrophy. Osteoid fibrils were woven around osteoblast cytoplasmic processes to create numerous canals similar in size to canaliculi of mature bone. Conclusion This multiscale investigation advances our foundational understanding of the complex, layered 3D architecture of the MCC collagen network.
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Martinez-Ruiz, Adrian, Susan Yates, Gary Cheung, Makarena Dudley, Rita Krishnamurthi, Fuafiva Fa’alau, Mary Roberts, et al. "Living with Dementia in Aotearoa (LiDiA): a cross-sectional feasibility study protocol for a multiethnic dementia prevalence study in Aotearoa/New Zealand." BMJ Open 11, no. 5 (May 2021): e046143. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-046143.
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IntroductionAotearoa/New Zealand (NZ) is officially recognised as a bicultural country composed of Māori and non-Māori. Recent estimations have projected a threefold increase in dementia prevalence in NZ by 2050, with the greatest increase in non-NZ–Europeans. The NZ government will need to develop policies and plan services to meet the demands of the rapid rise in dementia cases. However, to date, there are no national data on dementia prevalence and overseas data are used to estimate the NZ dementia statistics. The overall aim of the Living with Dementia in Aotearoa study was to prepare the groundwork for a large full-scale NZ dementia prevalence study.Methods and analysisThe study has two phases. In phase I, we will adapt and translate the 10/66 dementia assessment protocol to be administered in Māori, Samoan, Tongan and Fijian–Indian elders. The diagnostic accuracy of the adapted 10/66 protocol will be tested in older people from these ethnic backgrounds who were assessed for dementia at a local memory service. In phase II, we will address the feasibility issues of conducting a population-based prevalence study by applying the adapted 10/66 protocol in South Auckland and will include NZ–European, Māori, Samoan, Tongan, Chinese and Fijian–Indian participants. The feasibility issues to be explored are as follows: (1) how do we sample to ensure we get accurate community representation? (2) how do we prepare a workforce to conduct the fieldwork and develop quality control? (3) how do we raise awareness of the study in the community to maximise recruitment? (4) how do we conduct door knocking to maximise recruitment? (5) how do we retain those we have recruited to remain in the study? (6) what is the acceptability of study recruitment and the 10/66 assessment process in different ethnic groups?Ethics and disseminationThe validity and feasibility studies were approved by the New Zealand Northern A Health and Disability Ethics Committee (numbers 17NTA234 and 18NTA176, respectively). The findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed academic journals, national and international conferences, and public events. Data will be available on reasonable request from the corresponding author.
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St. George, Ian M. "Professional Isolation and Performance: A Case-Control Study." Journal of Medical Regulation 92, no. 3 (September 1, 2006): 12–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.30770/2572-1852-92.3.12.
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ABSTRACT Professional isolation appears to be associated with underperformance. We developed a set of professional isolation indicators and asked 26 experienced members of the Medical Council of New Zealand’s Competence Advisory Team, composed of senior medical educators and performance assessors, to list and describe indicators of professional isolation and ascribe a weight to each. We wanted to know if doctors found to be underperforming were more professionally isolated than those performing satisfactorily. The difference between the sample and the control group was significant: doctors underperforming were more professionally isolated than their peers. This paper should be regarded as an early communication of an interesting, but still unproved, hypothesis.
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Voigt, R., A. G. Carton, and J. C. Montgomery. "Responses of anterior lateral line afferent neurones to water flow." Journal of Experimental Biology 203, no. 16 (August 15, 2000): 2495–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.203.16.2495.
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The mechanoreceptive lateral line system detects hydrodynamic stimuli and plays an important role in a number of types of fish behaviour, including orientation to water currents. The lateral line is composed of hair cell receptor organs called neuromasts that occur as superficial neuromasts on the surface of the skin or canal neuromasts located in subepidermal canals. Both are innervated by primary afferents of the lateral line nerves. Although there have been extensive studies of the response properties of lateral line afferents to vibrating sources, their response to water flow has not been reported. In this study, we recorded extracellularly from anterior lateral line afferents in the New Zealand long-fin eel Anguilla dieffenbachii while stimulating the eel with unidirectional water flows at 0.5-4 cm s(−)(1). Of the afferents, 80 % were flow-sensitive to varying degrees, the response magnitude increasing with flow rate. Flow-sensitive fibres gave non-adapting tonic responses, indicating that these fibres detect absolute flow velocity. Further studies are needed to confirm whether flow-sensitive and flow-insensitive fibres correlate with superficial and canal neuromasts, respectively.