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Journal articles on the topic 'New Zealand Agricultural Credit'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 29 January 2023

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1

Easton, Brian. "La Nouvelle-Zélande : Vers une nouvelle insertion dans le système alimentaire mondial." Études internationales 12, no. 1 (April 12, 2005): 31–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/701155ar.

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Agricultural products are the source of 75 % of 'New Zealand's export eanings. During the 1970 's, the decline in New Zealand's terms of trade (prices of exports of wool, meat and dairy products having risen more slowly than those of manufactured imports), the loss of access to the British market, the rise of protectionism (notably in the EEC of which Great Britain is a member) have posed serious adjustment problems for New Zealand agriculture. However, the "Marshallien entrepreneur" that is the New Zealand farmer, backed up by the State (which centralises control of exports and credit), has risen to the challenge : as a result, production is being diversified and this has facilitated a re-orientation of exports toward countries outside the OECD area. It is the view of the author that such a policy in conformity with the concept of free-trade, permits a more optimistic outlook for the 1980 's.

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2

Mcalevey, Lynn, Alexander Sibbald, and David Tripe. "NEW ZEALAND CREDIT UNION MERGERS." Annals of Public and Cooperative Economics 81, no. 3 (August 16, 2010): 423–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8292.2010.00414.x.

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3

Balog, Catherine. "Agricultural research in New Zealand." Scientometrics 8, no. 1-2 (July 1985): 81–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02025222.

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4

Abraham, Edward. "Cadmium in New Zealand agricultural soils." New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research 63, no. 2 (December 20, 2018): 202–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00288233.2018.1547320.

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5

PEARCE, NEIL E., RAEWYN A. SHEPPARD, J. KEIR HOWARD, JAMES FRASER, and BARBARA M. LILLEY. "LEUKEMIA AMONG NEW ZEALAND AGRICULTURAL WORKERS." American Journal of Epidemiology 124, no. 3 (September 1986): 402–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114410.

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6

Fitzsimons, Patrick. "The New Zealand Qualifications Authority takes the credit for education." Journal of Education Policy 14, no. 2 (March 1999): 139–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/026809399286413.

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7

Raymond Bolton, Kerry. "State credit and reconstruction: the first New Zealand Labour Government." International Journal of Social Economics 38, no. 1 (January 4, 2011): 39–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03068291111091954.

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8

Lie, Celia, Maree Hunt, Heather L. Peters, Bahrie Veliu, and David Harper. "The “Negative” Credit Card Effect: Credit Cards as Spending-Limiting st imuli in new Zealand." Psychological Record 60, no. 3 (July 2010): 399–411. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03395718.

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9

Ross, Christine, and Brian Ward. "New Zealand Biotechnology Overview." Asia-Pacific Biotech News 09, no. 16 (August 30, 2005): 787–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219030305000042.

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This article talks about New Zealand's biotechnology strengths, general trends and opportunities in New Zealand. It touches on nutrigenomics, nutraceuticals, biomedical, agricultural, clinicalt rials, bio-prospecting, bio-secuitry and NZBio.

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10

Cullen, Ross, Kenneth Hughey, and Geoffrey Kerr. "New Zealand freshwater management and agricultural impacts." Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics 50, no. 3 (September 2006): 327–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8489.2006.00338.x.

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11

Matheson, Andrew. "Beekeeping: Leading Agricultural Change in new Zealand." Bee World 72, no. 2 (January 1991): 60–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0005772x.1991.11099080.

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12

Chandran, Christine, Claire Matthews, and David Tripe. "Competition in the New Zealand Credit Card Market from the Consumer Perspective." Journal of Asia-Pacific Business 6, no. 1 (June 7, 2005): 59–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j098v06n01_04.

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13

Sibbald, Alexander, and Lynn McAlevey. "Examination of economies of scale in credit unions: a New Zealand study." Applied Economics 35, no. 11 (July 2003): 1255–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00036840210148012.

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14

Roudaki, Jamal, and Yousef Shahwan. "Corporate governance disclosures in the New Zealand agricultural companies." Corporate Board role duties and composition 13, no. 1 (2017): 6–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cbv13i1p1.

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Livestock, agriculture, and horticulture products are essential in the New Zealand economic sustainable development. Consequently performance and governance of active companies in these areas of business are constantly monitored by the public through legislators, stock market, government agencies, and media. Practically corporate governance disclosures are providing essential information for such monitoring and analysis. This paper intention includes critically evaluate corporate governance disclosures of agriculture companies. Implementation of the content analysis methodology enables this research project to present analysis of the level of compliance with the 2004 Corporate Governance Principles and Guidelines that put forwarded by the New Zealand Stock Exchange (governance related disclosure and their non-listed counterpart as expected providing even less disclosure in this area. The financial and governance reports of these companies are suffering from deficient transparency in the area of corporate governance.

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15

Cameron, Michael P., Patrick Barrett, William Cochrane, and Kellie McNeill. "Agricultural Change and Social Sustainability in Rural New Zealand." International Journal of Environmental, Cultural, Economic, and Social Sustainability: Annual Review 6, no. 3 (2010): 77–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.18848/1832-2077/cgp/v06i03/54786.

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16

Malthus, T. I., and S. F. Mitchell. "Agricultural development and eutrophication of Lake Mahinerangi, New Zealand." SIL Proceedings, 1922-2010 23, no. 2 (August 1988): 1028–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03680770.1987.11899763.

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17

Valdés, A. "AGRICULTURAL REFORMS IN CHILE AND NEW ZEALAND: A REVIEW*." Journal of Agricultural Economics 45, no. 2 (May 1994): 189–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-9552.1994.tb00393.x.

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18

Johnsen, Sarah. "Contingency Revealed: New Zealand Farmers' Experiences of Agricultural Restructuring." Sociologia Ruralis 43, no. 2 (April 2003): 128–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-9523.00235.

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19

Matheson, Andrew. "Beekeeping: Leading Agricultural Change in New Zealand, part 2." Bee World 72, no. 3 (January 1991): 117–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0005772x.1991.11099089.

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20

Zhang, Lihuan, and Jing Fan. "Formal Credit-Assisted New Agricultural Business: A Multifactor Analysis Based on BP Neural Network." Mobile Information Systems 2022 (April 13, 2022): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/7826838.

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In recent years, the new agricultural business entities have grown rapidly in all parts of the country and have become an effective carrier to achieve the basic stability of China’s rural family operation system and moderate-scale agricultural operation. However, the systemic defects of rural financial market and the credit rationing of formal financial institutions make the capital needs of rural areas unsatisfied for a long time. Financial demand determines the direction of supply reform. Therefore, in order to improve rural financial supply and promote the transformation and development of agricultural economy under the current situation, it is necessary to effectively understand the formal credit demand and the impact factors of accessibility of the new agricultural business entities, which represents the direction of China’s agricultural development in the future. Based on back propagation (BP) neural network, this paper constructs the farmers’ formal credit availability prediction model and studies the formal credit demand and the impact factors of the availability of new agricultural business entities. The experimental results show that the farmers’ formal credit availability prediction model has good performance in prediction accuracy, prediction time, and mean squared error.

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21

Wilkins, Alistair L., and Yinrong Lu. "Extractives from New Zealand Honeys. 5. Aliphatic Dicarboxylic Acids in New Zealand Rewarewa (Knightea excelsa) Honey." Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 43, no. 12 (December 1995): 3021–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf00060a006.

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22

Hall, M. H., and D. Kuiper. "Commercialization and Privatization of Agricultural Extension: The New Zealand Experience." Journal of Production Agriculture 11, no. 1 (January 1998): 135–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jpa1998.0135.

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23

Riley, Ralph H., Colin R. Townsend, Dev K. Niyogi, Chris A. Arbuckle, and Kathi A. Peacock. "Headwater stream response to grassland agricultural development in New Zealand." New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 37, no. 2 (June 2003): 389–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00288330.2003.9517175.

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24

Manderson, A., and A. Palmer. "Soil information for agricultural decision making: a New Zealand perspective." Soil Use and Management 22, no. 4 (September 19, 2006): 393–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2006.00048.x.

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25

Franklin, Hannah M., Nicholas M. Dickinson, Cyril J. D. Esnault, and Brett H. Robinson. "Native plants and nitrogen in agricultural landscapes of New Zealand." Plant and Soil 394, no. 1-2 (August 15, 2015): 407–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11104-015-2622-2.

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26

Mullen, J. D., G. M. Scobie, and J. Crean. "Agricultural research: Implications for productivity in New Zealand and Australia." New Zealand Economic Papers 42, no. 2 (December 2008): 191–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00779950809544421.

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27

Shriver, Donald W., and Peggy L. Shriver. "Law, Religion, and Restorative Justice in New Zealand." Journal of Law and Religion 28, no. 1 (January 2013): 143–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0748081400000266.

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A former police chief and a criminologist confirm a famous remark by Margaret Mead when they write: “The initiation of restorative reforms is often based upon the conversion of one key professional in a criminal justice agency.”New Zealand district court judge Fred W.M. McElrea personalized this rule in his account of how he stumbled on a restorative procedure in the case of a young man in Auckland, who was a Maori and son of a bishop, and who confessed to the crime of robbing a woman's purse. She happened to be a Quaker, and she appeared in court as a gesture of friendship for the offender. When the time came for sentencing, McElrea wondered out loud if there were a way for the young man to be monitored, without imprisonment, by some competent person who knew him. At that, Douglas Mansil, local Presbyterian minister, also present in the courtroom, stood and volunteered his services. Mansil had been the longtime “streetwise” pastor of a congregation in that Auckland neighborhood, known for furnishing the courts with more than a few youth offenders. Together with the Quaker victim of the crime, he kept track of the young man and reported regularly to the court. It was the beginning of McElrea's dedication to restorative justice (RJ) for young offenders in New Zealand. He and other judiciary leaders pay tribute to the influence of Howard Zehr's visit to New Zealand (NZ) in 1994 and Zehr's book, Changing Lenses, which McElrea first read during a sabbatical leave at Cambridge University. Zehr's book and his work in the U.S. had great impact on New Zealand legal officials, many of whom, like McElrea, often give him credit for inspiring shifts to RJ in their thinking about law, judicial process, and ethics.

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28

Gardner, Bruce L. "Liberalization in New Zealand Agriculture: Discussion." American Journal of Agricultural Economics 76, no. 5 (December 1994): 1053–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1243390.

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29

Chay, J. B., and Alastair Marsden. "Market reaction to the introduction of a foreign investor tax credit regime in New Zealand." Pacific-Basin Finance Journal 4, no. 2-3 (July 1996): 129–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0927-538x(96)00008-x.

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30

Nasereldin, Yasir A., Abbas Ali Chandio, Maurice Osewe, Muhammad Abdullah, and Yueqing Ji. "The Credit Accessibility and Adoption of New Agricultural Inputs Nexus: Assessing the Role of Financial Institutions in Sudan." Sustainability 15, no. 2 (January 10, 2023): 1297. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15021297.

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Many studies have shown that credit is crucial for the adoption of new agricultural inputs and technologies in developing countries. Hence, the issue about how financial institutions select farmer applicants to give loans to is very important. We used primary data from 401 rural households to show what kinds of farmers can get credit from banks in Sudan. The probit model is used to examine the factors that determine both farmers’ access to credit and the adoption of new inputs, and to show the nexus of credit accessibility and the adoption of new input through other factors. The main findings show that farming experience, the number of close friends, hire labor, cultivated land, irrigation, and extension services, are the factors that significantly determine farmers’ credit accessibility from banks. Some of these determinants, such as cultivated land and irrigation, also influence the adoption of new inputs. There exists a strong correlation between credit accessibility from banks and the possibility of using new input. In addition, an IV probit model shows that farmers’ use of chemical fertilizers and improved varieties directly influences the loan decision from banks. This means farmers’ credit demand induced by the chance of using new input actually has been satisfied by the banks in Sudan. The comparison results show that, for the subsample, for the Farmer’s Commercial Bank (FCB) the nexus between credit accessibility and the adoption of new inputs is stronger than that of the Agricultural Bank of Sudan (ABS). Therefore, this study recommended that the Sudan government should choose FCB as the lender of subsidized credit to increase the banks’ contribution to the development of plant production.

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31

Maindonald, J. H. "Statistical refereeing for the New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research, the New Zealand Journal of Experimental Agriculture, and the New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science." New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research 34, no. 4 (October 1991): 365–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00288233.1991.10417678.

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32

Tracey, Arielle. "Purchase Money Security Interest Refinancing in New Zealand: A Case for Retention of Super-Priority." Victoria University of Wellington Law Review 51, no. 1 (June 22, 2020): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.26686/vuwlr.v51i1.6520.

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This article concerns the issue of purchase money security interest (PMSI) refinancing. Under current law, PMSI super-priority is lost on refinance regardless of whether the refinancier is the original PMSI holder or a third party financier. This article contends that such a position is uncommercial and frustrates the undergirding objective of the law of debt security to facilitate the provision of credit to business. This position is supported by theory, international treatment of the issue and policy.

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33

Islam, Syrus M., and Noel Yahanpath. "Evaluation of post-GFC policy response of New Zealand." Journal of Financial Regulation and Compliance 23, no. 4 (November 9, 2015): 403–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfrc-02-2014-0007.

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Purpose – The paper aims to evaluate the role played by a recent banking and macro-prudential regime in addressing the financial crisis in New Zealand (NZ). Design/methodology/approach – The basic methodology used in this paper is the “documentary research method”. For this study data have been collected from various published sources. Findings – We find that the NZ government is one of the first few countries to implement Basel III to ensure the robustness of its banking sector while calibrating it to the unique needs of the economy and is in the process of phasing in several macro-prudential instruments (e.g. countercyclical capital buffer ore funding ratio sectoral capital requirement and loan-to-value ratio) to smooth the credit cycle of the economy. However implementing different requirements of a new policy has some challenges. Research limitations/implications – Further research may be carried out to investigate the policy responses of the government from corporate governance and other regulatory perspectives. Practical implications – This study identifies the effectiveness as well as some challenges faced when implementing different requirements of the new policy that may facilitate the policy makers to take appropriate action as required. Originality/value – This study provides a unique insight into the post-GFC scenario with regard to the government policy response in the banking sector and macro-prudential system that may provide the world with a financial-system warrant of fitness. It is one of the very few studies that showcase a global perspective and to our knowledge it is the first of its kind in NZ in the post-global financial crisis period.

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34

Qureshi, Sarfraz Khan, and Akhtiar H. Shah. "A Critical Review of Rural Credit Policy in Pakistan." Pakistan Development Review 31, no. 4II (December 1, 1992): 781–801. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v31i4iipp.781-801.

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Lack of liquidity which acts as a constraint for agricultural development has provided a rationale for rapid growth in formal agricultural credit in Pakistan since the early 1960s. Between 1959-60 and 1991-92 institutional credit for the sector had registered an annual growth rate of 31 percent in nominal terms and 20 percent in real terms. The explosive increase in agricultural credit was accompanied by a creation of new financial institutions, the strengthening of already existing institutions and the adoption of credit policies to increase the flow of credit for the sector in general and for small farmers in particular. In this paper, an attempt is made to review farm credit policy in Pakistan in relation to its impact on agricultural growth and equity and to assess the strength of the credit institutions to keep contributi~g effectively to the provision of credit in the rural sector.

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35

Kučera, Jiří, Marek Vochozka, and Zuzana Rowland. "The Ideal Debt Ratio of an Agricultural Enterprise." Sustainability 13, no. 9 (April 21, 2021): 4613. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13094613.

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The objective of the contribution is to propose a new methodology for determining the optimal credit absorption capacity of an enterprise while maintaining the positive function of financial leverage, i.e., the maximum possible loan that would continuously bring benefit to the enterprise. The proposed methodology determines the credit absorption capacity of an enterprise according to EVA Equity and EVA Entity. Based on a theoretical analysis of both indicators, the possibility of applying the proposed methodology for this purpose was proved. To verify the theoretical assumptions, the optimal credit absorption capacity of enterprises operating in the agricultural sector of the CR was determined. The data used for the purposes of the contribution were obtained from the Albertina database for the years 2012–2018. The credit absorption capacity of the monitored enterprises ranged from CZK 6.88 million to CZK 9.6 million. The article also determines the optimal ratio of equity to debt capital.

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36

McLanahan, Jeremiah. "A Law and Behavioural Economics Analysis of High-Cost Lending in New Zealand." Victoria University of Wellington Law Review 52, no. 2 (September 21, 2021): 373–412. http://dx.doi.org/10.26686/vuwlr.v52i2.7124.

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The most interesting recent developments in economics have come from behavioural economics, which attempts to model how people will behave in real life situations. The insights offered by behavioural economics can also be applied to law. This article discusses law and behavioural economics generally, and then applies it to the New Zealand high-cost loan industry. The high-cost loan industry is responsible for a great deal of harm in New Zealand, and in 2019 Parliament passed sweeping amendments to the Credit Contracts and Consumer Finance Act 2003 to insulate consumers from that harm. Law and behavioural economics suggest alternative strategies to those amendments that can address the harms while retaining the benefits that high-cost loans can provide. This article designed an experimental survey to test one such strategy, and the results and implications for policy are discussed.

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37

Seheda, Liudmyla. "DIRECTIONS OF ADAPTATION OF THE NBU MONEY AND CREDIT ADJUSTMENT TO THE INFLATION TARGETING MODE ON THE EXAMPLE OF NEW ZEALAND." Economic Analysis, no. 28(1) (2018): 196–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.35774/econa2018.01.196.

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Introduction. The article deals with the main problems of adaptation of the NBU monetary and credit regulation to the inflation-targeting mode. The main reasons for the low efficiency of the introduction of world experience in the field of monetary policy to domestic realities are considered. The methodical recommendations for increasing the efficiency of monetary regulation, optimizing the monetary mode of inflation targeting and implementing the monetary rule in the practice of realization of monetary policy of the NBU are developed. Purpose. The article aims to study the world experience in the field of adapting monetary and credit regulation to the monetary mode of inflation targeting on the example of New Zealand and to develop the theoretical and practical conclusions for Ukraine. Method (methodology). The following general scientific methods have been used in this research: method of synthesis and generalization (to substantiate the basic problems of monetary regulation in the context of realization of the monetary regime of inflation targeting in Ukraine); methods of analysis and comparison (to study the experience of New Zealand in the field of the formation of the monetary mode of inflationary regulation); statistical and mathematical methods (to develop monetary rule in Ukraine). Results. The main problems of low efficiency of monetary regulation in Ukraine that are related to the neglect of national interests, imbalances in the development of the national economy, inappropriate structure of exports and imports, negative business environment, and conditions for the absorption of monetary impulses have been identified. The experience of New Zealand in the field of the formation of the monetary mode of inflation targeting has been researched. It has been made the conclusion concerning a long transitional period during which, at the level of inflationary purposes, de facto, as intermediate monetary policy objectives, the exchange rate and liquidity of the banking system are used. The monetary rule for Ukraine has been developed. The methodical recommendations for increasing the effectiveness of the monetary and credit regulation of the NBU within the framework of flexible inflation targeting have been worked out.

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38

Thannheiser, Dietbert, and Peter Holland. "The Plant Communities of New Zealand Salt Meadows." Global Ecology and Biogeography Letters 4, no. 4 (July 1994): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2997436.

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39

ALTANER, CLEMENS. "PRESERVATIVE TREATED TIMBER PRODUCTS IN NEW ZEALAND." Cellulose Chemistry and Technology 56, no. 7-8 (September 28, 2022): 705–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.35812/cellulosechemtechnol.2022.56.62.

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Copper Chrome Arsenic (CCA) is a potent wood preservative. It is currently the dominant wood preservative used in Aotearoa (New Zealand). Internationally, CCA has been phased out in many jurisdictions over the last decades due to health and environmental concerns. This review summarises the current knowledge about the health and environmental risks of CCA treated timber, revisits the risk assessment of New Zealand authorities of CCA treated timber and discusses the challenges New Zealand is facing from the continued use of this product. Overall, the attitude towards CCA treated timber is changing, with local government bodies and agricultural industries facing increasing challenges around the disposal of CCA treated timber and site remediation from CCA leaching.

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40

Ghanizadeh, Hossein, and Kerry C. Harrington. "Weed Management in New Zealand Pastures." Agronomy 9, no. 8 (August 13, 2019): 448. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy9080448.

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In New Zealand, pastoral farming for dairy and meat production is the major land use. As with any agricultural production system, weeds are a threat to efficient pasture production in New Zealand. In this review, we outline the problems caused by weeds in New Zealand pastures, and the management strategies being used to control them. There are currently 245 plant species from 40 plant families that are considered to be troublesome weeds in New Zealand pastures. The application of herbicides is an important approach to manage weeds in New Zealand pastures; however, a key to the success of these pastures is the use of clovers in combination with the grasses, so the challenge is to find herbicides that selectively control weeds without damaging these legumes. The use of spot spraying and weed wiping are often required to ensure selective control of some weed species in these pastures. Non-chemical agronomic approaches such as grazing management and using competitive pasture species often play a more important role than herbicides for weed management in many New Zealand pastures. Thus, integrated weed management using a combination of herbicides and good pasture management strategies leads to the most cost-effective and efficient control of pasture weeds in New Zealand.

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41

Friesen, B. "Agricultural waste management in Canada, United States, New Zealand and Australia." Acta Horticulturae, no. 1252 (September 2019): 93–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2019.1252.12.

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42

Botha, Neels, Jeff Coutts, and Hein Roth. "The Role of Agricultural Consultants in New Zealand in Environmental Extension." Journal of Agricultural Education and Extension 14, no. 2 (June 2008): 125–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13892240802019147.

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43

Dickinson, Nicholas, Marta Marmiroli, Bianca Das, Daniel McLaughlin, David Leung, and Brett Robinson. "Endemic Plants as Browse Crops in Agricultural Landscapes of New Zealand." Agroecology and Sustainable Food Systems 39, no. 2 (December 9, 2014): 224–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21683565.2014.967438.

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44

Dodd, M. B., M. E. Wedderburn, T. G. Parminter, B. S. Thorrold, and J. M. Quinn. "Transformation toward agricultural sustainability in New Zealand hill country pastoral landscapes." Agricultural Systems 98, no. 2 (September 2008): 95–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2008.04.004.

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45

Tipples, Rupert, and Jude Wilson. "Work-Sport Competition: The Role Of Agricultural Contests In New Zealand." Rural Society 17, no. 1 (August 2007): 34–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.5172/rsj.351.17.1.34.

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46

Adinolfi, Felice, Fabian Capitanio, and Filippo Sgroi. "Misura delle performance finanziarie e patrimoniali delle aziende agricole: proposta operativa per un nuovo modello di rating per le aziende agricole." RIVISTA DI ECONOMIA AGRARIA, no. 1 (July 2012): 27–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/rea2012-001003.

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The deep evolutions which the agricultural systems has been involved during the last few years have sped up an increasing attention from stakeholders and the policy maker towards the topic of the credit risk access. Whereas in the past the credit in agriculture has been regulated from "special regimes", today with the new Unified Body of Laws in banks and credit matter and the introduction of the rules of Basel 2 (more recently Basel 3), the condition of agricultural firms hugely changed. This work aimed to develop a new methodological approach by derive the credit score for firms in agricultural sector, which tried to overcame the limits of the traditional approach. In this context, by using a sample drawn from the RICA dataset, we also carried out an empirical analysis aimed to emphasize the dynamics of farmers credit score throughout the years.

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47

Akudugu, Mamudu Abunga. "Agricultural productivity, credit and farm size nexus in Africa: a case study of Ghana." Agricultural Finance Review 76, no. 2 (July 4, 2016): 288–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/afr-12-2015-0058.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the connections of agricultural productivity, access to credit and farm size in Africa using Ghana as a case study. Design/methodology/approach – The paper employs mixed methods – quantitative and qualitative strategies for data collection and analyses. The hierarchical competitive model was used for the quantitative analyses supplemented with qualitative analyses using key informant interviews, focus group discussions and household case studies. Findings – The results show that there is significant relationship between credit from formal and informal sources and agricultural productivity. Thus access to formal and informal credit increases farm household agricultural productivity by about 0.10 (p=0.05) and 0.45 (p < 0.01), respectively. The quadratic terms of formal and informal credit as well as farm size were found to significantly influence agricultural productivity. The implication of this is that the relationships between formal credit, informal credit and farm size on one hand and agricultural productivity on the other are non-linear in nature. The interactions of formal credit with informal credit; informal credit with farm size; and formal and informal credit with farm size have significant relationships with agricultural productivity. The amount of remittance received by farm households has negative and insignificant influence on agricultural productivity. Market access is also an insignificant determinant of agricultural productivity in Ghana. Originality/value – This paper provides new insights on whether the scale of production (farm size as proxy) and access to financial services (credit as a proxy) matter in promoting agricultural productivity in Africa using Ghana as a case study. Thus the paper is of relevance to policy-makers and practitioners in Africa and Ghana in particular who are seeking to make informed policy decisions on effectively incorporating credit provision into the agricultural transformation agenda of the continent.

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Drake, Lyndon. "Baptists Helping Themselves: Relieving Structural Credit Bias Against New Zealand Baptist Churches through A Finance Society1." Pacific Journal of Baptist Research 12, no. 1 (2017): 50–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.21307/pjbr-2017-004.

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Turner, Donald H., and Robin G. Brumfield. "Export Marketing of Fresh Fruits in New Zealand." HortTechnology 4, no. 2 (April 1994): 118–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.4.2.118.

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The development of New Zealand's economy was based largely on exports to England. With the formation of the EEC, New Zealand was forced to find other markets and concentrate on a wider variety of export commodities. Marketing boards for specific products with monopoly power have been at the center of agricultural and horticultural exports in New Zealand. New Zealand has concentrated on developing new varieties, premium quality, research on postharvest handling, branding, and other marketing procedures to compete in the world market and give producers a good return.

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Fountaine, Susan. "Farming on Air: New Zealand Farmers and Rural Radio Programming." Media International Australia 92, no. 1 (August 1999): 117–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x9909200113.

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In the light of funding cuts for New Zealand and Australian public service broadcasters, this article examines the impact of Radio New Zealand's restructuring on one key audience group: farmers. The results of a mail survey of the agricultural community indicate that the recent changes have had a negative effect on the specialist rural programs. Supporting the notion that the specialist news media are an important component in the information-sharing process, agricultural publications were judged the most important source of news overall, and Radio New Zealand's rural programming the most important broadcast source.

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