Academic literature on the topic 'New West End Synagogue (London, England)'

Nineteenth century London, like many towns and cities in Britain, experienced phenomenal population growth. At the centre of the British Empire, and driven by free trade and industry, it achieved extraordinary wealth, but this wealth was confined to the City and to the West End. East London, however, consisted of ‘an expanse of poverty and wretchedness as appalling as, and in many ways worse than the horrors of the industrial North’. There was clear evidence of the lack of urban planning, as factories were established close to the immense dock buildings constructed near Stratford. Toxic materials such as paint and varnish were produced in large chemical works owned by the German chemist, Rudolf Hersel, as were matches by the firm Bryant and May, and rubber, tar and iron for the building trade by various industrialists. Social historians have viewed the poverty of mid-nineteenth century London's East End as a symbol of urban disintegration in which skilled artisans were reduced to sweated, lowly-paid, labourers. Their homes, built close to the industrial sectors, were erected hastily and cheaply, and lacked proper hygienic and sanitary facilities, so that slum conditions prevailed. Moreover, this housing had to be demolished frequently to make way for new roads and railways, thus creating great hardship for an already destitute people.

Two legal documents recently discovered among The National Archives at Kew in London provide new information about Henry Purcell's final years. The only known instances of the composer's involvement with the law, these rare archival finds shed light on his familial relations and financial circumstances at that point in his career when he was turning his attention to the London stage. The first case involves Purcell's sister-in-law Amy Howlett, who owed him £40; and the second concerns his unpaid bill at an exclusive West End retailer's. The new material confirms beyond doubt the identity of Purcell's in-laws, and shows that he was not just short of money in the 1690s, but that he was actually in debt at the time of his death. Other areas of enquiry include the élite social milieu in which the Purcells increasingly moved, and their possible place of residence in 1691–3. These aspects are discussed in relation to Purcell's enhanced public profile at that time, and within the wider context of the culture of consumption and credit in late seventeenth-century England. The two lawsuits are transcribed and translated in full, and their legal implications explicated.

This paper offers a new way of conceptualising how intersectional solidarities are actualised. It recounts and theorises an outbreak of radical internationalism, when working class struggles in Britain and South Africa were unexpectedly linked. It examines how intersectional solidarity was materialised through a process of coming together against the architectural fabric of the South African Embassy and considers the interwoven temporalities that enabled this action to occur. On 31 March 1990, nearly a quarter of a million people demonstrated in London against the Poll Tax that was due to take effect in England and Wales the following day. On the day, the Metropolitan Police lost control of an already enraged crowd and provoked a large scale riot that engulfed the West End of London for several hours. In the midst of the riot, during a short retreat by the police, protesters took the opportunity to attack the South African Embassy in Trafalgar Square – many windows were broken and an attempt was made to set the building alight. Drawing on interviews with former anti-apartheid protesters who were present on that day (and who had concluded a four-year long Non-Stop Picket of the embassy a month earlier), this paper explores and analyses their memories of that unexpected moment when their previously symbolic call to ‘burn it down’ was (almost) materialised. In doing so, it contributes new ways of conceptualising the spatiality and temporality of intersectional solidarity.

IntroductionMost older care home residents will die in the care home environment. The majority of older people would like the opportunity to discuss end-of-life care, though this rarely happens. The current model of palliative care does not cater well for care home residents.This study explores the narratives shared by older people living in care homes.Aims1. What are the issues facing elderly people in the last years of life?2. What are the key events that shape this phase and how do their interactions and relationships with carers, healthcare professionals, family and friends affect this?MethodsFive participants were recruited from two care homes in the South West of England. Each participant was interviewed at least three times over ten months. A structural narrative analysis was performed and a typology generated to present the different narratives that might constrain and/or empower the participants in relation to their ageing process.ResultsParticipants’ narratives are presented in three different contexts: Becoming a care home resident, living in a care home and death and dying. A variety of narrative types emerged, but the concept of “imposed dependency” was a key thread. In addition to presenting the findings in the traditional academic format, 5 illustrations have been commissioned to bring some of the relevant themes to life.ConclusionsThe narratives constructed suggest that there is still much to be done in order to improve transition into a care home and to promote autonomy and choice, particularly at the end of life.References. Bingley AF, Thomas C, Brown J, Reeve J & Payne S (2008) Developing narrative research in supportive and palliative care: the focus on illness narratives, Palliative Medicine, 22: 653–658.. Borgstrom E (2015) Social death in end-of-life care policy.Contemporary Social Science, 10(3): 272–283. Cornwell J (1984)Hard-Earned Lives: Accounts of Health and Illness from East London, London: Tavistock.. Gilleard C & Higgs P (2010) Ageing without agency: Theorising the fourth age, Ageing & Mental Health, 14(2): 121–128.. Gott M, Small N, Barnes S, Payne S & Seamark D (2008) Older people’s views of good death in heart failure: implications for palliative care provision. Social Science & Medicine, 67: 1113–1121.. Greenhalgh T & Hurwitz B (1999) Narrative based medicine: Why study narrative?BMJ, 318:48.. Higgs P and Rees Jones I. (2009)Medical Sociology and Old Age: Towards a sociology of health in later life, Abingdon: Routledge.. Kelly CN. (2013)Moving to Manage: A mixed methods study of later life relocation into supported housing. Edinburgh Napier University. PhD thesis.. Kinley J, Hockley J, Stone L, Dewey M, Hansford P, Stewart R, McCrone P, Begum A, Sykes N. (2014) The provision of care for residents dying in UK nursing care homes. Age and Ageing, 43(3):375–379.. Lloyd L, Calnan M, Cameron A, Seymour J & Smith R (2014) Identity in the fourth age: perseverance, adaptation and maintaining dignity.Ageing and Society, 34:1–19.. Mathie E, Goodman C, Crang C, Froggatt K, Iliffe S, Manthorpe J & Barclay S (2012) An uncertain future: The unchanging views of care home residents about living and dying,Palliative Medicine, 26: 734. National End of Life Care Intelligence Network (2013)What We Know Now 2013: New Information Collated by the National End of Life Care Intelligence Network. London: Public Health England.. Phoenix C, Smith B & Sparkes AC (2010) Narrative analysis in ageing studies: A typology for consideration.Journal of Ageing Studies24: 1–11.. Public Health England (2017)End of Life Care Profiles: Place of Death. Available at: http://fingertips.phe.org.uk/profile/end-of-life/data#page/0/gid/1938132883/pat/6/par/E12000004/ati/102/are/E06000015 (Accessed 24/01/17). Riessman C. (2008)Narrative methods for the human sciences. London: Sage.. Shepherd V, Wood F & Hood K (2017) Establishing a set of research priorities in care homes for older people in the UK: a modified Delphi consensus study with care home staff.Age and Ageing46 (2): 284–290

BackgroundPlace of death (PoD) has been used as an outcome measure for end-of-life care. Analysis of variations in PoD can improve understanding about service users’ needs and thus better target health-care services.Objectives(1) To describe PoD in England by demographic, socioeconomic and temporal variables; (2) to determine how much of the variation in PoD can be explained by potential explanatory variables at the area level, and building on this to develop individual-level multivariable regression models; and (3) to evaluate factors associated with PoD and to construct risk assessment models to inform practice.MethodsA population-based study of all registered deaths between 1984 and 2010 in England (n = 13,154,705). The outcome was the PoD. Explanatory variables included age, gender, cause of death (CoD), marital status, year of death, whether or not the death was in a holiday period (Christmas, Easter, New Year), season of death, the location of usual residence and area-level deprivation. The proportion of explained variation in PoD was estimated using the weighted aggregate-level linear regression. Factors associated with PoD were investigated using generalised linear models. The risk assessment models were constructed using the 2006–9 data; the performance was evaluated using the 2010 data.ResultsHospital was the most common PoD in 2001–10 [overall 57.3%; range – cancer 46.1% to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) 68.3%], followed by home [overall 19.0%; range – cerebrovascular disease (CBD) 6.7% to cardiovascular disease 27.4%] or care home (overall 17.2%; range – cancer 10.1% to neurological conditions 35.2%), depending on CoD. Over the period, the proportion of hospital deaths for people who died from non-cancer increased (57.1–61.2%) and care home deaths reduced (21.2% down to 20.0%); a reverse pattern was seen for those who died of cancer (hospital: reduced, 48.6–47.3%; care home: increased, 9.3–10.1%). Hospice deaths varied considerably by CoD (range – CBD 0.2% to cancer 17.1%), and increased slightly overall from 4.1% in 1993–2000 to 5.1% in 2001–10. Multivariable analysis found that hospital deaths for all causes combined were more likely for people aged 75+ years [proportion ratios (PRs) 0.863–0.962 vs. aged 25–54 years], those who lived in London (PRs 0.872–0.988 vs. North West), those who were divorced, single and widowed (PRs 0.992–1.001 vs. married), those who lived in more deprived areas (PRs 0.929–1.000 more deprived vs. less deprived) and those who died in autumn, winter or at New Year. We were able to develop risk assessment models but the areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve indicating poor predictive performance, ranging from 0.552 (COPD) to 0.637 (CBD).ConclusionsHospital remains the most common PoD, followed by home and care home. Hospices play an important role for people who died from cancer but little for other diseases. Place of death is strongly associated with the underlying CoD. The variation in PoD by region, age, marital status and area deprivation suggests that inequities exist, which services and clinical commissioning groups could seek to address.FundingThe National Institute for Health Services and Delivery Research programme.

IntroductionAlzheimer’s disease (AD), the most common cause of dementia, is becoming increasingly prevalent worldwide. Understanding the current burden of AD is important in health economic evaluations of new therapies. We aimed to estimate the burden of illness, and healthcare costs of people living with AD using a large, comprehensive real-world database in England.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was undertaken in the Discover-NOW dataset, a real-world database containing the linked primary and secondary care electronic health records of ˜3 million people living in North West London, England. Patients diagnosed with AD were followed from the later of 1 January 2010 or AD diagnosis date, to the earlier of 31 December 2021 or end of follow up (maximum 10 years). Baseline prevalence of 33 comorbidities, incidence of 7 outcomes (survival, cardiovascular, care home admission, hepatic and renal outcomes), healthcare resource utilisation and total direct healthcare costs (using National Health Service tariffs and unit cost approaches) were calculated.ResultsOf 18,116 patients diagnosed with AD, at baseline the mean age was 81 years, 62 percent were female, 65 percent were White, 16.5 percent Asian and 8.9 percent Black. At baseline, hypertension prevalence was 60.2 percent, chronic kidney disease 35.5 percent and Type 2 diabetes 22.4 percent. The highest incidence rates across these outcomes were 13.4 (95% confidence interval [CI]:12.2,14.7) per 1,000 person years for stroke, 7.5 (95% CI: 6.6, 8.5) for myocardial infarction, and 83.6 (95% CI: 80.1, 87.0) for care home admission. Median survival was 4.9 years from diagnosis. Their annual total direct healthcare cost was GBP4,547 per patient, of which 58 percent were from hospital admissions. The majority (75%) of healthcare contacts were from primary care. AD patients had an average length of stay of 11.5 days per inpatient admission, and spent on average one week per year as inpatients.ConclusionsAD is associated with high direct healthcare costs, with patients’ annual costs ˜1.7 times that of the UK population. The majority of these costs are associated with inpatient hospital admissions.

What Did the Biblical Writers Know & When Did They Know? What Archeology can tell us about the Reality of Ancient Israel? William G. Dever. Michigan: Wm. B. Eerdmans, 2001, 133 pages. The Bible Unearthed: Archaeology’s New Vision of Ancient Israel and The Origin of Its Sacred Texts. Israel Finkelstein and Neil Asher Silberman. New York: The Free Press, 2001, 400 pages. Blinded By the Right: The Conscience of an Ex-Conservative. By David Brock. New York: Crown Publishers, 2002, 336 pages. Many Globalizations: Cultural Diversity in the Contemporary World. Edited By Peter Berger and Samuel Huntington. New York: Oxford University Press, 2002, 274 pages. Who Owns History: Rethinking the Past in a Changing World. Eric Foner. New York: Hill and Wang, 2002, 234 pages Paths from Science Towards God: The End of all our Exploring. Arthur Peacock. England: One world Publications, 2001, 198 pages. The Death of the West: How Mass Immigration, Depopulation and a Dying Faith Are Killing our Culture and Country. By Patrick J. Buchanan. St. Martin’s Press Inc., 320 pages. The Qur’anic Phenomenon: An Essay of Theory on the Qu’ran. Malik Bennabi. Translated and Annotated by Mohamed El-Taher El-Mesawi: Malaysia: Islamic Book Trust, 2001, 298 pages. What went wrong? Western Impact and Middle Eastern Response. Bernard Lewis. New York: Oxford University Press, Inc., 2001, 192 pages. The Muslim Jesus: Saying and Stories in Islamic Literature. Edited and Translated By Tarif Khalidi. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2001, 245 pages. The Paradox of American Power: Why the World’s Only Superpower Can’t Go It Alone. Joseph S. Nye, Jr.. New York: Oxford University Press, Inc., 2002, 240 pages. Unholy War: The Vatican’s Role in the Rise of Modern Anti-Semitism. David I. Kertzer. London: Macmillan, 2002,355 pages. Our Postmodern Future: Consequences of the Biotechnology Revolution. By Francis Fukuyama. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2002, 256 pages. Western Political Science in a Non-Western Context: Theories of Comparative Politics in the Arab Academia. Nasr M. Arif. Lanham, MD: University Press of America, Inc., 2001, 105 pages. The Hinges of Battle: How Chance and Incompetence Have Changed the Face of History. Eric Durschmied. London: Hodder and Stoughton, 2002, 438 pages. من أعلام الحركة الإسلامية. المستشار عبد الله العقيل. الكويت: مكتبة المنار الإسلامية، 2000م، 716 صفحة. نظرية المعرفة في القرآن الكريم وتضميناتها التربوية. د. أحمد حسين الدغشي. هيرندن فيرجينيا: المعهد العالمي للفكر الإسلامي، ودمشق: دار الفكر، 2002م، 472 صفحة. العقل الأخلاقي العربي: دراسة تحليلية نقدية لنظم القيم في الثقافة العربية. محمد عابد الجابري. (سلسلة نقد العقل العربي 4.) الدار البيضاء: دار النشر المغربية، 2001م، 640 صفحة. نقد العقل العربي: وحدة العقل العربي الإسلامي. جورج طرابيشي. بيروت: دار الساقي، 2002م، 408 صفحة. السلطة السياسية في الفكر الإسلامي: محمد رشيد رضا نموذجاً. محمد سليمان أبو رمان. عمان: دار البيارق، 2002م، 295 صفحة. للحصول على كامل المقالة مجانا يرجى النّقر على ملف ال PDF في اعلى يمين الصفحة.

BackgroundJanus kinase inhibitors (JAKi) are relatively new to the field of rheumatology and provide health professionals in rheumatology (HPRs) with more therapeutic options for treating inflammatory arthritis (IA), specifically rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) [1]. Aside from a different target, JAKi differ from often currently prescribed biologics by being administered orally. To date, there is a lack of evidence on what HPRs think about their real-world use and how the COVID-19 pandemic affects JAKi prescription.ObjectivesTo explore UK-based HPRs’ perspectives towards JAKi use in IA patients, and in the context also of the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsA 15-item anonymous online survey, with both closed and open-ended questions, was designed and piloted on 5 HPRs with amendments made based on their feedback. The survey was advertised on Twitter and shared by email in September 2021. Data were exported from the online survey platform and analysed descriptively with the assistance of statistical software.ResultsFifty-one HPRs responded to the survey: 37 Consultants, 7 Registrars, 5 Clinical Nurse Specialists, 1 Clinical Fellow and 1 ‘other rheumatology role’ (not stated). Responses were received from 11/12 UK regions. Most represented was Greater London (18%) and North-West England (16%). 69% of respondents worked in secondary care, with the remaining 31% in tertiary care. The majority (40%) spent 1-25% of their job role doing research, followed by 27% who were not research active.60% of HPRs indicated that 1-5% of their RA and/or PsA patients take a JAKi (no HPRs had more than 15% of their RA/PsA patients on a JAKi). 96% of HPRs indicated that they prescribe JAKi in their clinical practice, with 91% of those who prescribe following their local guidelines. 72% of respondents who prescribe JAKi, prescribed them ‘frequently’ as a monotherapy. Figure 1 shows responses chosen for when JAKi therapy is usually started and for feeling less confident with JAKi prescription.Of those HPRs who prescribe, 17% have continued JAKi in their patients. When discontinuation occurred, the most common reasons chosen (multiple responses allowed) were ‘due to inefficacy’ (60%), ‘due to other adverse events’ i.e., non-major adverse cardiovascular events (32%) and ‘due to herpes zoster infection’ (28%). 55% of HPRs would consider switching patients to another JAKi after initial failure.Across prescribers, 49% indicated no impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on their prescribing of JAKi. Common reasons chosen for a change in prescribing patterns for JAKi as a result of the pandemic (multiple responses allowed) included: prescribing them more as ‘an alternative to infusions, in order to reduce hospital visits’ (23%) and as ‘an alternative to injections, in order to reduce at-home training visits’ (21%). This was followed by ‘other reason’ (15%) with the free text from all 7 respondents highlighting the benefits of the shorter half-life of JAKi e.g., “Prescribed more as quick on and quick off so can be discontinued quickly in event of severe infection” (Registrar, Greater London).Safety concerns around the use of JAKi were raised in 13/14 free text comments left at the end of the survey e.g., “I am concerned about recent reports of increased VTE [venous thromboembolism] and malignancies” (Consultant, Yorkshire and the Humber) and “Concerns about cardiovascular safety” (Clinical Fellow, Scotland).ConclusionA large proportion of HPRs indicate confidence in prescribing JAKi to their patients with IA, adhering to local guidelines. JAKi are largely prescribed as monotherapy, with the most frequent reason for discontinuation being inefficacy. The COVID-19 pandemic seems to have positively impacted JAKi prescription, however, safety concerns over JAKi use remain for some HPRs.References[1]Bechman, K. et al. Pharmacol. Res. (2019) 147, 104392.AcknowledgementsThank you to all health professionals who piloted, completed and shared the survey. This study received funding from the Pfizer Inflammation ASPIRE 2020 Rheumatology International Developed Markets Competitive Grant Programme.Disclosure of InterestsSavia de Souza: None declared, Andrew Bassett: None declared, Ruth Williams: None declared, Elena Nikiphorou Speakers bureau: Celltrion, Pfizer, Sanofi, Gilead, Galapagos, AbbVie, Lilly, Grant/research support from: Pfizer and Lilly.

Two Permian-Triassic boundary (PTB) successions, Lung Cam in Vietnam, and Lukač in Slovenia, have been sampled for high-resolution magnetic susceptibility, stable isotope and elemental chemistry, and biostratigraphic analyses. These successions are located on the eastern (Lung Cam section) and western margins (Lukač section) of the Paleo-Tethys Ocean during PTB time. Lung Cam, lying along the eastern margin of the Paleo-Tethys Ocean provides an excellent proxy for correlation back to the GSSP and out to other Paleo-Tethyan successions. This proxy is tested herein by correlating the Lung Cam section in Vietnam to the Lukač section in Slovenia, which was deposited along the western margin of the Paleo-Tethys Ocean during the PTB interval. It is shown herein that both the Lung Cam and Lukač sections can be correlated and exhibit similar characteristics through the PTB interval. Using time-series analysis of magnetic susceptibility data, high-resolution ages are obtained for both successions, thus allowing relative ages, relative to the PTB age at ~252 Ma, to be assigned. Evaluation of climate variability along the western and eastern margins of the Paleo-Tethys Ocean through the PTB interval, using d18O values indicates generally cooler climate in the west, below the PTB, changing to generally warmer climates above the boundary. A unique Black Carbon layer (elemental carbon present by agglutinated foraminifers in their test) below the boundary exhibits colder temperatures in the eastern and warmer temperatures in the western Paleo-Tethys Ocean.ReferencesBalsam W., Arimoto R., Ji J., Shen Z, 2007. Aeolian dust in sediment: a re-examination of methods for identification and dispersal assessed by diffuse reflectance spectrophotometry. International Journal of Environment and Health, 1, 374-402.Balsam W.L., Otto-Bliesner B.L., Deaton B.C., 1995. 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Proses kreatif penyutradaraan Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street memberi banyak pelajarantentang drama musikal. Drama musikal memiliki keunikan tersendiri dalam proses maupun bentuk penyajiannya.Jenis drama ini sangat populer di Amerika, dan merupakan satu-satunya sumbangan Amerika dalam memperkayajenis teater dunia. Cerita ini merupakan kisah legendaris Inggris. Berkali-kali naskah karya Christopher Bond inidimainkan di berbagai benua di dunia, namun bila dilihat dari sejarah penciptaannya, kisah balas dendam seorangtukang cukur ini telah melalui proses adaptasi yang panjang. Beberapa penulis besar di jamannya sebelum melewatitangan kreatif Christopher Bond telah mengkreasi ulang naskah ini. Drama musikal ini berawal dari komedi musikaldan sejak tahun 1920 mengangkat tema-tema serius yang biasa disebut musik Broadway atau musik Amerika. Biasadisajikan dalam panggung besar West End dan Broadway di London, New York, Australia dan Asia. Beberapa kalidipanggungkan oleh kelompok teater sekolah atau kelompok teater amatir. Hampir seluruh pertunjukan drama musikal Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street diiringi dengan musik dan dinyanyikan. Dialog diubahmenjadi nyanyian. Para aktor di tuntut untuk dapat menyanyi, akting, dan menari. Drama musikal merupakanpertunjukan yang menggunakan tiga ciri utama, yakni menyanyi, menari, dan berakting yang mendominasi hampirseluruh pertunjukan.Kata kunci: penyutradaraan, drama musikal, kisah legendaris, Sweeney Todd, teater sekolah.ABSTRACTThe musical drama Sweeney Todd: Th e Demon Barber of Fleet Street. The creative directing process of this drama has given many good lessons to the art work of performing arts, especially to musical drama performance. The musical drama has its own unique characteristics in its process and performance. This type of drama is very popular in the USA, and has been the only contribution from the USA to enrich the typical of world theater. Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street is as an English legend, especially in England. This script created by Christopher Bond has been performed for several times in all around the globe. Having seen from its creating history, the story of a barber who takes revenge has been through long adaptation process. Some big authors in this era, before proceeded by Christopher Bond’s creative touch, had creatively recreated this script. The musical drama Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street was fi rstly created from the musical comedy drama and since 1920 has shown serious themes that are well known as Broadway music or American music. This drama has commonly been shown on a big stage West End and Broadway in London and New York, also in Australia and Asia. Moreover, it has also been performed by groups of school-theater and amateur theater. Most of the musical drama performances Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street are accompanied by music and are sung as well. The dialog is changed into songs. The actors are supposed to be able to sing, to act, and to dance. The musical drama is a performance that uses three main characteristics, namely: singing (solo, ensemble, and choir), dancing (individual and group), and acting, that dominates in most parts of the performance.Key words: directing, musical drama, legend story, Sweeney Todd, theater.