Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'New institutional economics'
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Tan, Elaine S. "Beyond cliometrics : essays in the new institutional economic history." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.270850.
Full textStettler, Michael. "Institutions, property rights and external effects : new institutional economics and the economics of John R. Commons /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 1999. http://aleph.unisg.ch/hsgscan/hm00006017.pdf.
Full textNhundu, Kenneth. "Effectiveness of irrigation water management institutions in Zimbabwe: a new institutional economics theory approach." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1006784.
Full textPessali, HuaÌscar Fialho. "A rhetorical analysis of Oliver Williamson's transaction cost economics." Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.289667.
Full textCroxson, Bronwyn. "An economic analysis of a voluntary hospital : the foundation and institutional structure of the Middlesex Hospital, 1745-1900." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1994. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/272547.
Full textDildar, Yasemin. "Institutional Approaches To Technology And Economic History." Master's thesis, METU, 2009. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12610822/index.pdf.
Full textTalbot-Jones, Julia. "The Institutional Economics of Granting a River Legal Standing." Phd thesis, Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/132935.
Full textSjöquist, Rafiqui Pernilla. "Evolving economic landscapes : institutions and localized economies in time and space." Doctoral thesis, Handelshögskolan i Stockholm, Samhällsekonomi (S), 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hhs:diva-958.
Full textChoy, Hung-tat Lennon. "Pricing under information asymmetry : an analysis of the housing presale market from the new institutional economics perspective /." View the Table of Contents & Abstract, 2007. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B37230207.
Full textNgaruko, Deus Dominic. "Agrocredit supply chain response to market coordination failures in Tanzania : a new institutional economics approach." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.443591.
Full textCampos, Marcelo Mallet Siqueira. "Mudanças institucionais a partir da proibição do tráfico de escravos : o caso do Rio Grande do Sul." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/15640.
Full textThis dissertation seeks to relate New Institutional Economics theory and Cliometrics with economic history research method, since the theorethical review of it main autors, Douglass North and Robert Fogel. These theories will be related with happenings which occurred during the XIXth century in Economic History of Brazil, specifically at Rio Grande do Sul state. Before it, will be presented many classic and modern interpretations about this period of important changes focusing on the most important of them: the transition from slavery to free work. At the end will be analized data relative to financial richess in the state of Rio Grande do Sul.
Hysa, Ardit. "Institutions matter : A qualitative case study analysis of the institutional capacities of Albania in relation to the utilization of the EU funds." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för ekonomisk historia och internationella relationer, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-193923.
Full textGuerra, Fábio Bandeira. "Mercados brasileiro e canadense de etanol: uma análise comparativa sob a ótica da Nova Economia Institucional." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11132/tde-16082012-104550/.
Full textIn the current context of incessant search for renewable energies, the development of ethanol market has been often discussed at academic scenery, as well as the whole society. Thus, this situation creates room for studies aimed at improve the ethanol agro-industrial chain, even as the upgrading of programs linked with ethanol promotion. Facing it, this thesis makes a comparative analysis between Brazilian and Canadian ethanol markets, using the New Institutional Economics to identify some similarities and differences. In order to reach this goal, three aspects regarding each country are observed: primary information of markets (industrial complex, production, consumption, raw material, production process, automotive fleet and so on), governance structure (hierarchical, hybrid and market) adopted by ethanol plants to manage their agricultural raw material supply chain, and institutional environment where Brazilian and Canadian mills are involved (policies for promotion, protection and regulation of the ethanol market). Regarding the first analyzed item, it is possible to see that Brazil has an ethanol market much more consolidated than Canadian market, although the last one demonstrates potential for growth. Moreover, the ethanol produced by the domestic industry has significant competitive advantage in terms of agricultural/industrial and environmental yield. About the institutional environment, the results show strong intervention of Canadian government in the conducted of domestic ethanol industry, differently what happens in Brazil, where national state has currently made just few interventions on Brazilian ethanol sector. Regarding the third studied element, the governance structure, for Brazil hierarchical structure was identified as predominant, on the other hand hybrid (establishments of purchase and sale contracts with suppliers of agricultural raw material) structure was considered the most common in Canada. Divergence largely explained by the high specificity of sugarcane compared to corn and wheat.
Choy, Hung-tat Lennon, and 蔡鴻達. "Pricing under information asymmetry: an analysis of the housing presale market from the new institutionaleconomics perspective." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2007. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B37908133.
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Rantlo, Montoeli Ashby. "Integration of small-scale mohair farmers into the commercial agricultural economy in Lesotho: a new institutional economics approach." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/62275.
Full textEllis, Andy. "An exploration of New Institutional Economics for the strategic analysis of e-business with reference to transformational change." Thesis, Brunel University, 2006. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/699.
Full textCapurro, Alejandro. "Comparing agricultural financing in Uruguay and New Zealand." Lincoln University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10182/2344.
Full textKarlsson, Evelina, and Alvåg Martina Strandberg. "Covid-19-pandemins påverkan på den svenska befolkningens konsumtion : Vilka faktorer orsakar förändring?" Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Nationalekonomi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-178036.
Full textSilva, Pedro Xavier da. "Análise de falhas organizacionais em um projeto de reaproveitamento de resíduos orgânicos para alimentação animal." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/128106.
Full textThe reuse of organic waste as animal diet is a common practice since the most ancient times. The identification of losses and food waste became a key strategy in the face of growing concern about the Global Food Security, and this mechanism that recycle of the waste generated is na important alternative. In Porto Alegre (RS State / Brazil) is leading the “Projeto de Reutilização de Resíduos Orgânicos de Restaurante via Suinocultura”, in which the municipal cleaning department mediates the transfer of food waste to pig farmers in the region (all of them linked to a Producers Association) to produce meat products with origin and quality controlled. To evaluate how is addressed the governance structure of this production chain, how is its relationship with the Institutional Environment and is this structure affects how the project is lead, were used concepts of the New Institutional Economics and the Economics of Transaction Costs. We observed that the high level of asset specificity and uncertainty in the transactions are significant sources of transaction costs. In addition, the waste generators establishments and producers act opportunistically to participate in the project and some demanded specific investments are not made due to environmental uncertainty. The main barriers identified (called in this study as organizational failures) for the well maintenance of the Project were ―Lack of Environmental Licensing‖, ―Treatment of Waste‖ and ―the Association Features‖, and these are directly linked to the institutional environment.
Farias, Claudio Vinicius Silva. "O papel das instituições na formação e transformação da vitivinicultura da serra gaúcha : possibilidades de interpretações do desenvolvimento rural pela nova economia institucional." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/149314.
Full textThe thesis makes a discussion on the role of institutions in training and development of the wine industry of Serra Gaucha, based on the theoretical assumptions of the New Institutional Economics. From a historical basis analysis, the study focuses on recent transformations in the wine industry of Serra Gaucha, since the late 1980s. After an extensive review, an analytical model was built of the major changes that have occurred in organizational, technological, competitive and institutional environments. From these analyzes, a concept of rural development in the institutional perspective was proposed. What can be seen is that both informal and formal institutions fulfilled an important role in the consolidation of a differentiated rural development in the region, and the family production of grapes and wines was the root of this process. Such institutions, over time, not only have promoted the improvement of rural development in the region, but also have affected the conformation of Agroindustrial System (SAG) of Viticulture in Serra Gaucha, responsible for over 90% of all wine produced in Brazil. In summary, the institutions that were created from the early 1990s and that continue being developed, helped basically in: promoting collective action of SAG economic agents; improved productivity conditions, quality and competition, especially with international players; they have sought to develop strategies that favor economies of scope, especially among small producers; they have sought to reduce transaction costs between productive agents as from specific programs and projects (eg FUNDOVITIS, MODERVITIS, Wines of Brazil etc.), mainly because they have helped to improve communication between producers and the quality the information produced.
Šetele, Adam. "Dynamika švédského sociálního státu ve 20. století." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-198254.
Full textScherer, Catarina de Miranda. "Caracterização do ambiente institucional e sua mudança no Brasil entre 1889 e 1945." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/12590.
Full textAt least until the first Vargas government, the dynamics of the Brazilian economy was dictated by the primary production for exportation, in a succession of products that culminated with coffee. This situation was, however, completely modified during the decade of 1930, when a moment of economic and institutional inflection of great dimensions was characterized, that transformed the dynamics of the whole economy. The solidification of the new form of the economy was only possible because it came along with an alteration in the institutional structure of the country, rendering the financial, educational, tributary systems and work relations more adjusted to this new panorama. Institutions are the rules of the game in a society that shape human interactions, establishing stable structures for the occurrence of transactions. To know the historical institutional characteristics of the country can provide a better understanding of its current deficiencies and suggest the viable alternatives to surpass them. The present work intends to characterize the Brazilian institutional environment of the period between 1889 and 1945, on the basis of the New Institutional Economics, identifying, also, the effect of these institutions on the economic performance and the processes of institutional change of the period, especially those that occurred after the Revolution of 1930. It is shown that the then created institutional structure allowed the continuity of the industrialization process, with stronger intervention of the State in the economy and with clearer rules, both for the financial system and the concession of credit, and for hiring labor. The government had available better instruments to reach its industrializing objective. Moreover, it allowed the Brazilian economy to become more robust, becoming less vulnerable to the external fluctuations. The changes of this period were important for the growth of the following decades for it created a more solid tax, financial, educational and work relations structure.
Sessa, Celso Bissoli. "Uma abordagem integrada da economia evolucionista e da nova economia institucional para entendimento da relação universidadeempresa: o caso NEXEM/UFES." Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2009. http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/5994.
Full textConsidering the growing importance of scientific knowledge for technological progress of companies, there is an important role played by universities. In this paper, the importance of the relationship between innovations and institutions in the interaction between universities and firms are analyzed through the framework of Evolutionary Economics and New Institutional Economics. The main models of university-industry interaction and its impact on scientific and technological policies in Brazil are presented, further an analysis of the Law of Innovation. The interaction between universities and companies in Brazil are analyzed using information from the directory of groups of CNPq and from the IBGE`s Industrial Research of Technological Innovation (Pintec). For empirical evidence of the study, are analyzed the Núcleo de Excelência em Estruturas Metálicas e Mistas (NEXEM), the result of partnership between the Federal University of Espirito Santo (UFES) and Companhia Siderurgica de Tubarão (CST).
Tendo em vista a crescente importância do conhecimento científico para o progresso tecnológico das firmas, observa-se o importante papel desempenhado pelas universidades. Neste trabalho, procura-se analisar a importância da relação entre inovações e instituições na interação entre universidades e empresas por meio dos arcabouços da Economia Evolucionista e da Nova Economia Institucional. São apresentados os principais modelos de interação universidade-empresa e suas repercussões nas políticas científicas e tecnológicas do Brasil, além de uma análise da Lei de Inovação. A interação entre universidades e empresas no Brasil é analisada por meio das informações do Diretório de Grupos do CNPq e da Pesquisa Industrial de Inovação Tecnológica (Pintec), do IBGE. Para comprovação empírica do estudo, analisa-se o Núcleo de Excelência em Estruturas Metálicas e Mistas (NEXEM), resultado da parceria entre a Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES) e a então Companhia Siderúrgica de Tubarão (CST), hoje Arcelor Mittal Tubarão.
Nalukenge, Imelda Kibirige. "Impact of lending relationships on transaction costs incurred by financial intermediaries: case study in Central Ohio." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1068473959.
Full textTitle from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains x, 168 p.; also includes graphics. Includes abstract and vita. Advisor: Larry Libby, Dept. of Agricultural, Environmental & Development Economics. Includes bibliographical references (p. 161-168).
Nekomanesh, Sarmad, and Martin Islo. "Institutions for Sustainability : The Case of Green Building Certifications." Thesis, KTH, Industriell ekonomi och organisation (Inst.), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-120466.
Full textUtvecklingen av institutioner som genererar hållbarhet blir allt viktigare. För att påskynda dennautveckling finns det ett behov av att hitta, utvärdera och generalisera befintliga institutionellamekanismer som uppfyller denna egenskap. För att kunna beskriva hur en institution bör utformas för att generera hållbarhet, utökar dennastudie det aktuella teoretiska ramverket. En distinktion görs mellan kortsiktigt Pareto-effektivamarknader (detta är att likställas med nuvarande begreppet ’Pareto-effektiva marknader’) ochlångsiktigt Pareto-effektiva marknader (detta är att likställas med ’ekologisk hållbarhet’). Vidareär hållbar utveckling definierad som en kombination av kortsiktigt- och långsiktigt effektivamarknader. Detta innebär att ett konsumptionsbeslut idag inte kan öka välfärden för en individ,utan att minska välfärden för en annan nuvarande eller framtida individ. Certifieringar för hållbart byggande är en intressant kandidat för att empiriskt testa det teoretiskaramverket. Fallstudien gjordes i samarbete med Confederation of Indian Industry - Indian GreenBuilding Council, och består av 18 kvalitativa intervjuer med företag och experter inom denindiska byggindustrin. Det huvudsakliga syftet med studien har varit att undersöka varför aktörerengagerar sig i grönt byggande och certifieringar, eller varför de väljer att inte göra det.Resultaten har sedan analyserats och satts i ett institutionellt sammanhang. Som institution har certifieringarna flera intressanta egenskaper som bidrar till en hållbarutveckling. Slutsatserna i studien skänker ett värdefullt perspektiv till den pågåendehållbarhetsdiskussionen, framförallt genom att påvisa att kortsiktig ekonomisk effektivitet kanleda till mekanismer som skapar hållbar utveckling. Det finns också begränsningar i tillväxten avdenna typ av institution som kan härledas till t.ex. kulturella skillnader, antalet certifieringar påmarknaden samt tillgång till humankapital.
Suleiman, Lina. "Water Governance in Transition." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Samhällsplanering och miljö, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-12982.
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Godoy, Sara Gurfinkel Marques de. "O Protocolo de Kyoto e os países em desenvolvimento: uma avaliação da utilização do Mecanismo de Desenvolvimento Limpo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/90/90131/tde-21112011-233304/.
Full textBased on the New Institutional Economics, the focus of this research was to identify transaction costs in CDM projects (Clean Development Mechanism) and investigate if they can affect project efficiency, and also if they create project development barriers. More specifically, this research analyzed the variables that could affect the differences between CDM estimated emission reduction projects and actual reductions obtained (Reduction Success - RS) after the project has been implemented and monitored. To fulfill this goal, this research included a secondary global CDM projects data survey, and primary data survey related to Brazilian CDM projects. Data analysis showed that the most important countries in terms of number of projects are India, China, Brazil, but depending on the variable analyzed (for instance, emission reduction volume) this ranking could change. The most relevant sectors in emission reduction volume were HFCs, N2O, but this would change when we analyze number of projects, where biomass would come first, followed by hydroelectric and wind energy. When considering RS, most projects do not show satisfactory performance. However, in terms of emission reductions amount, most of the projects achieve more than 91% RS. The most efficient sectors in the world are HFC and N2O (in Brazil, N2O and fossil fuel), and the least efficient sectors are solid waste and agriculture (in Brazil, agriculture and solid waste). Finally, this research concludes that transaction costs affect the success of CDM reductions, and the most relevant are ex-ante costs, resulting from information problem gaps (these problems relate to parties involved in the CDM process) and measurement problems (CDM methodologies).
Ndung'u, Leah Wanjiru. "Assessing animal health delivery for tick and tick-borne disease control in smallholder dairy systems of Kenya an application of new institutional economics /." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2002. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-03292005-101649/.
Full textFranca, Camilla Custoias Vila. "Percepção de produtores de cosméticos verdes e consumidores sobre a certificação natural, orgânica e vegana no contexto da Nova Economia Institucional." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/100/100136/tde-03012019-200633/.
Full textGreen cosmetics are those that claim to be developed according to ecological principles, and are generally associated with natural, organic and/or vegan characteristics. Certification systems for these products aim to ensure compliance with pre-established guidelines and communicate the consumer about the attributes of the products. Considering the importance of certification for the consolidation and strengthening of this market, it is necessary to analyze the role of certification systems, both for producers and consumers. Thus, this work aims at analyzing the perception of producers of green cosmetics and consumers regarding natural, organic and vegan certification from the perspective of the New Institutional Economy. In order to do that, we used methodological triangulation, based on multiple research approaches, including the collection of primary data through semi-structured interviews with representatives of certified producers of green cosmetics and the application of closed questionnaires in nonprobabilistic sample of cosmetic consumers via Facebook. The information obtained from the interviews were submitted to content analysis, while the results of the questionnaires were analyzed by means of descriptive statistics. Both results were interpreted in the context of the New Institutional Economics. It was found that green cosmetic companies attribute to certification an important role in communicating ecological appeals to consumers, in aligning principles with suppliers, acting as contractual enforcement mechanisms and in obtaining market advantages. The main disadvantages reported by the companies were the transaction costs from obtaining and maintaining certification and possible communication difficulties with consumers. Regarding the questionnaires applied to consumers, the sample was predominantly composed of users of green cosmetics. However, it was found that consumers, in general, have a low level of knowledge and a low degree of confidence in the main certifications of natural, organic and vegan cosmetics in Brazil. Consumers also perceive such certifications as not very strict. The willingness of consumers to pay for certified cosmetics has been estimated at 10 to 50% of the price of non-certified products. The willingness to pay is correlated with the level of knowledge and the degree of consumer confidence in the certifications. Based on the results of the study, we suggested strategies to minimize the disadvantages of certification systems related to transaction costs and the difficulties of communication and to extend their advantages, especially regarding the reduction of information asymmetries and the market advantages, aiming at contributing to the consolidation and expansion of the growing market of these products
Maragno, Renata Camargo. "Reflexos das barreiras comerciais européias sobre as exportações brasileiras: uma abordagem utilizando a nova economia institucional." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18140/tde-04122007-162855/.
Full textThe subject that refers to the increase of the exports has been becoming an important issue to the brazilian international business. The brazilian exports have been showing an excellent performance since 2003 and the balance of trade imitates this result. However, the brazilian exports become insignificant when are compared to all exports that occur in the world, because they represent only around 1% of the global exports. One of the factors responsible for this result is the incidence of international trade barriers on brazilian exports, because these barriers increase the transaction costs involved in the export process and can discourage business. Therefore, the main objective of this research is to use the new institutional economics approach to analyze the performance of some of the most important products exported by Brazil considering the incidence of european trade barriers on them. To reach this aim, it is needed to show the trade barriers imposed by the European Union on brazilian exports and point the possible reflexes that these barriers represent to the brazilian international business. European Union represents the most important business partner of Brazil.
Barrañón, Navarro Karen. "Antecedents and consequences of dynamic capabilities in new ventures: an international study." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/668201.
Full textDynamic capabilities are vital elements in entrepreneurship and economic development due to their favorable effects on the performance of firms. However, dynamic capabilities have been mostly studied considering an organizational angle. Consequently, scholars have shown interest in understanding this phenomenon mainly among multinational enterprises or large businesses. The main objective of this investigation is to examine the antecedents and consequences of dynamic capabilities in new ventures within an international context. The methodologies applied are quantitative and the statistical techniques included in this thesis are multi-regression analysis and panel data, using mainly Global Entrepreneurship Monitor data. This data base is complemented by others, such as the International Monetary Fund, the World Bank’s World Development Indicators, Worldwide Governance Indicators, and the Eurostat Community Innovation Survey. From the conceptual point of view, the investigation is framed in the dynamic capabilities theory, the human capital theory, the resource-based theory, the institutional economics theory, and the open innovation theory. The main findings show the evolution of dynamic capabilities research and suggestions for future research; the antecedents of dynamic capabilities; the institutional environment that affects dynamic capabilities; the effect of open innovation on dynamic capabilities; and the effect of dynamic capabilities on competitiveness. Additionally, various moderating effects of formal and informal institutions draw the attention of this research. In addition, the results support the relationship between dynamic capabilities and competitiveness. Likewise, the contributions of this thesis are in terms of advancing the knowledge of dynamic capabilities in new ventures, by linking them with the entrepreneurship field and by conducting empirical research within an international context. Specifically, the findings of the thesis suggest undertaking further investigation regarding antecedents and consequences of the dynamic capabilities in new ventures and SMEs in an international context. Also, it was found that formal and informal institutions influence dynamic capabilities (entrepreneurial capabilities) in new ventures. Besides, the relationship between formal institutions and DC (entrepreneurial capabilities) is strengthened when informal institutions act as moderators. Furthermore, the findings determine that human capital and formal institutions influence DC (sensing capabilities) in new ventures. Moreover, it was observed that the influence of human capital over DC (sensing capabilities) is stronger when formal institutions are introduced as moderators. In the same way, the results indicated, that human capital and informal institutions have a direct relationship with DC (learning capabilities) in new ventures. Similarly, indirect stronger relationships between human capital and DC (learning capabilities) were identified when moderated by informal institutions. In addition, the findings exposed that learning capabilities negatively influence DC (sensing capabilities). Correspondingly, the relationship between learning capabilities and sensing capabilities become stronger when informal institutions moderate the relationship. Furthermore, the results established that DC (sensing capabilities) have a positive influence on competitiveness. Likewise, we find a moderating effect of the formal institution government effectiveness in the relationship between DC (sensing capabilities) and competitiveness. Moreover, from a policymaker point of view, the results could be helpful to government policies that support the enhancement of dynamic capabilities in new ventures. Furthermore, from a practitioner point of view, entrepreneurs developing new ventures could benefit from the knowledge that highlights moderations of formal and informal institutions.
Ferreira, Ricardo António Pará Mendes. "Uma abordagem sistémica do desenvolvimento enquanto processo de transformação institucional : cultura local, estado e democracia." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/19675.
Full textO desenvolvimento deve ser interpretado como um processo de transformação institucional, que envolve uma articulação entre as diversas instituições sociais (economia, política, cultura e história) e organizações (actores sociais), ou seja, estamos perante um sistema complexo, o que exclui uma abordagem do tipo atomizado. Assim, nos casos em que os Estados não apresentam uma homogeneidade política e geográfica, estando distantes das populações, um desenvolvimento integrado do tipo "dialogante" pode apresentar bons resultados. Este tipo de "Desenvolvimento Dialogante" deverá garantir a robustez das instituições locais (emanadas da cultura) integradas num contexto de Estado nacional, cujas instituições centrais também deverão ser reforçadas. A forma de garantir uma apropriação do Estado pela burocracia é a de garantir que as preferências, geradas endogenamente, são materializas através de um esquema político de democracia participativa. Por fim, deverá estar sempre presente que o Homem é o centro do desenvolvimento, pelo que os direitos consagrados pela Declaração dos Direitos Humanos deverão estar sempre presentes como o meio e o fim deste processo. A Nova Economia Institucional fornece enquadramento teórico utilizado
Development is a process of institutional change involving the whole social institutions (economics, politics, culture and history) and organizations (social players) that can be interpreted as a complex system, which excludes any type of atomised approach. For weak States, that are politically and regionally heterogeneous, the "dialoguing" type of development process can lead to good results. Local institutions (informal) resulting from local culture should be enhanced but always within a context of enhancing also the central formal institutions (the State). A way of avoid rent seeking kind of procedures is, assuring endogenous preferences, though politicai mechanisms of participatory democracy. Last, but not least, development should always be focused on Man so that the human rights granted on the Universal Declaration of Human Rights should be the used as the best proxy for development both in term of means and end. The theoretical framework used is the New Institutional Economics.
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Terencio, Juliana Peres. "Análise das transações nas indústrias arrozeiras de Goiás." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2014. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/4185.
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Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq
The work aims to identify the main sources of transaction costs in the governance structures of rice industries in the State of Goiás, their characteristics, as well as how these organizations respond to these phenomena. The research is theoretical basis for New Institutional Economics, Economics of Transaction Costs starting with a review of concepts and approaches used in the study of business inside the agribusiness sector. After reviewing the literature, the rice got contextualized in the world, in Brazil and Goiás. Data about production, inventory, marketing, consumer preferences, and also changes in the market were considered in order to justify the work and inform the importance of this commodity as food.Defined and presented the characteristic of the studied object, the next step was the preparation of a questionnaire to verify the sources of transaction costs, its characteristics and the way organizations treat the phenomenon. In the results, applying the methodology described in 22% of industries installed in the State, it was found the standard of competition required by the market; which payment policies of the raw materials implemented by companies; view toward the short term, undercapitalization and low propensity to adopt technological innovations, including a disorganized institutional environment, as a reality for the vast majority of companies researched. Furthermore, consistent with the theory stated, the main sources of transaction costs relate to opportunism and main attributes of transactions: asset specificity, frequency and uncertainty. The analysis indicated that in addition to the main attributes of transactions, the nature of the coordination process implemented occurs, mainly through the market,that industries could improve coordination and reduce costs with the adoption of hybrid instruments of coordination and long and medium term contracts. But despite the lack of an improvement in coordination, Goiás industry gets the best and biggest trading margins for processed rice market in Goiás. This may be a reflection of a market with monopoly characteristics that the leader of the sector practices between producers, distributors and between companies related to the segment.
O trabalho tem por objetivo identificar as principais fontes de custos de transação nas estruturas de governança das indústrias arrozeiras goianas, suas características, bem como a forma como essas organizações reagem a estes fenômenos. A pesquisa tem por base teórica a Nova Economia Institucional, Economia dos Custos de Transação começando com uma revisão de conceitos e abordagens utilizadas no estudo de empresas no setor agroindustrial. Após a revisão de literatura, contextualizou-se o arroz no mundo, no Brasil e em Goiás. Dados sobre a produção, estoque, comercialização, preferências do consumidor, mudanças no mercado foram consideradas com o intuito de justificar o trabalho e informar a importância dessa commodity como alimento. Definidas e apresentadas as característica do objeto estudado partiu-se para a elaboração de um questionário para a verificação das fontes de custos de transação, suas características e a forma como as organizações tratam o fenômeno. Nos resultados, aplicando a metodologia descrita em 22% das indústrias instaladas no estado, foi encontrado o padrão de concorrência estabelecido no mercado; quais as políticas de pagamento das matérias-primas implementadas pelas empresas; visão voltada para o curto prazo, descapitalização e baixa propensão à adoção de inovações tecnológicas, além de um ambiente institucional desorganizado, como uma realidade para a grande maioria das firmas pesquisadas. Além disso, coerentemente com o indicado pela teoria, as principais fontes de custos de transação se relacionam com o oportunismo e com os principais atributos das transações: especificidade de ativo, freqüência e incerteza. A análise indicou que além dos principais atributos das transações, a natureza do processo de coordenação implementado se dá, majoritariamente via mercado, que as indústrias poderiam melhorar sua coordenação e reduzir custos com adoção de instrumentos híbridos de coordenação como contratos de longo e médio prazos, porém apesar da falta de um aprimoramento na coordenação, a indústria goiana consegue as melhores e maiores margens de comercialização de arroz beneficiado no mercado goiano. Isso pode ser o reflexo de um mercado com características de monopólio que a empresa líder do setor exerce entre produtores, distribuidores e entre firmas relacionadas ao segmento.
Dreyhaupt, Stephan J. "Locational tournaments in the context of the EU competitive environment a new institutional economics approach to foreign direct investment policy competition between governments in Europe /." Wiesbaden : Deutscher Universitäts-Verlag, 2006. http://site.ebrary.com/id/10231776.
Full textCastro, Éverton de Carvalho. "Cadeia de produção de sementes de feijão no Brasil: análise institucional da relação entre obtentores de cultivares e multiplicadores." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2017. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/7101.
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Goiás - FAPEG
The purpose of this work is to study the production chain of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) seeds, observing the organizational arrangements, as well as the influence of the establishment of institutions to guarantee property rights and others Topics of the New Institutional Economy, such as “limited rationality”, “transaction cost” and “asset specificity”. Through interviews with representatives of the protection holders of common bean cultivars, the decisions and motivations for structuring the seed production chain were raised, and with official MAPA data the current situation in Brazil was exposed. Seed multiplication occurs mostly through licensing contracts, in the face of much concern about the existence of illegal seed trade. Among findings, we verify that uncertainty and moral hazard may indicate the reason for the development of common bean cultivars in Brazil to be headed by public organizations and with little participation of the private sector.
A proposta deste trabalho é aprofundar o estudo da cadeia de produção de sementes de feijão-comum (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), com observação das formações de arranjos organizacionais, bem como da influência do estabelecimento de instituições para a garantia do direito de propriedade e outros tópicos da Nova Economia Institucional, como “racionalidade limitada”, “custo de transação” e “especificidade de ativos”. Por meio de entrevistas realizadas com representantes dos detentores de proteção de cultivares de feijão-comum foram levantadas as decisões e motivações para a estruturação da cadeia produtiva de sementes, e com dados oficiais do Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento (Mapa) foi exposta a atual conjuntura no Brasil. A multiplicação de sementes ocorre na maioria das vezes por meio de contratos de licenciamento, diante de muita preocupação com a existência do comércio ilegal de sementes. Entre os achados, verifica-se que a incerteza e o risco moral podem indicar a razão de o desenvolvimento de cultivares de feijão-comum no Brasil ser encabeçado por organizações públicas, com pouca participação da iniciativa privada.
QUAGLIETTI, LUCIA. "Effettività dell'aiuto pubblico allo sviluppo. Un'analisi istituzionale." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/799.
Full textThe researches considers that issues that are inherently connected with the type of donor-recipient relationship affect the productivity of aid. This is mainly because incentives embodied in the relation shape party behaviours. The basic elements that characterized the aid relationship and the incentives that aid organization face, are in fact altered according to the institutional set in which money flows. Different aid modalities bear in themselves the potential of acting on the aid relationship by changing the basic rules of the game. General Budget Support (GBS), as a new aid modality represents quite an interesting institution. Getting the “incentives” right for cooperation, in such a context, would imply a rethinking of the basic theoretical model and organizational features on the ground of the evolving practices and specific technology of provision. The research aim is opening a route of possible investigation into the dynamics of incentives related to international cooperation at country level. Tanzania has been chosen among a series of possible cases study as in the Sub Saharan Africa panorama it represents one of most successful cases of GBS implementation. The analysis is grounded on a general institutional analysis that puts at the centre of observation the structure of the negotiations between the group of donors and the recipient government. The framework employed represents an adaptation of the Institutional Analysis for Development. The purpose of understanding the set of explicit and hidden motivations is functional to better delineate the contractual set in which the bulk of relations takes place.Results obtained from the empirical analysis are considered in a theoretical fashion with the purpose of generalizing on the main structural change caused by GBS on the donor-recipient relation. Concepts are taken from NIE and organizational theory to study the governance structure of aid relations.
QUAGLIETTI, LUCIA. "Effettività dell'aiuto pubblico allo sviluppo. Un'analisi istituzionale." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/799.
Full textThe researches considers that issues that are inherently connected with the type of donor-recipient relationship affect the productivity of aid. This is mainly because incentives embodied in the relation shape party behaviours. The basic elements that characterized the aid relationship and the incentives that aid organization face, are in fact altered according to the institutional set in which money flows. Different aid modalities bear in themselves the potential of acting on the aid relationship by changing the basic rules of the game. General Budget Support (GBS), as a new aid modality represents quite an interesting institution. Getting the “incentives” right for cooperation, in such a context, would imply a rethinking of the basic theoretical model and organizational features on the ground of the evolving practices and specific technology of provision. The research aim is opening a route of possible investigation into the dynamics of incentives related to international cooperation at country level. Tanzania has been chosen among a series of possible cases study as in the Sub Saharan Africa panorama it represents one of most successful cases of GBS implementation. The analysis is grounded on a general institutional analysis that puts at the centre of observation the structure of the negotiations between the group of donors and the recipient government. The framework employed represents an adaptation of the Institutional Analysis for Development. The purpose of understanding the set of explicit and hidden motivations is functional to better delineate the contractual set in which the bulk of relations takes place.Results obtained from the empirical analysis are considered in a theoretical fashion with the purpose of generalizing on the main structural change caused by GBS on the donor-recipient relation. Concepts are taken from NIE and organizational theory to study the governance structure of aid relations.
Marques, Leonardo Albuquerque. "Direito e nova economia institucional: um estudo sobre a regulação dos serviços de praticagem a partir da eficiência adaptativa." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2016. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/7061.
Full textThis study investigates the limits of the possibilities of an efficient design for legal institutions, focusing its analysis on the structure of pilotage services market. It is carried out a critique over the neoclassical concept of efficiency, which, from a historical perspective, is not a concept a priori. From approach adopted in this study, the traditional concept of static efficiency (in its allocative and productive dimensions) is a cultural construction, subject to biases, judgments and perspectivisms, and is therefore susceptible to a great variety of criticisms, where the state has a naturally limited role in solving social conflicts that arise through time. This being said, it is argued that the study of efficiency must focus on the structure of institutions (legal or not), to allow a reduction of transaction costs and the possibility of the various stakeholders in interaction situations through transactions (on the market or outside it) to have the opportunity to develop standards of conduct for themselves through trial, error and learning. And this trial, error and learning, in order to spread its improving prospects to the maximum, must lead to the maximization of communication exchanges possibilities and to allow variation and selection of new ideas. That is, it is argued that law should aspire to maximize the possibilities of institutional adaptation through trial, error and learning by expanding communication exchanges. With these assumptions, we try to study the structure of pilotage services market, pointing out the errors of a cycle of public hearings conducted by CNAP (object chosen for case study). In this regard, it is understood that there is an ideological lock-in problem that prevents the upcoming of a sustainable cycle of creative destruction under the pilotage services, which inhibits the improvement of available technologies and institutions. From the development done in the theoretical exposition of this thesis, some proposals for the structure of pilotage services that facilitate this adaptive efficiency are presented, not only for the stakeholders directly related to the market (service providers and buyers) as well as for others who may be affected by negative externalities provided by the risk of the activity
O presente trabalho procura investigar quais são os limites da possibilidade de um desenho eficiente para instituições jurídicas, focando a sua análise na estruturação dos mercados de serviços de praticagem. Realiza-se uma crítica ao conceito neoclássico de eficiência, o qual, a partir de uma perspectiva histórica, não é um dado a priori. Na perspectiva aqui adotada, o conceito de eficiência estática tradicional, nas dimensões alocativa e produtiva, é uma construção cultural, sujeitas a vieses, arbítrios e perspectivismos, sendo, portanto, suscetível a uma imensidão de críticas, e onde o Estado tem um papel naturalmente limitado na resolução dos conflitos sociais que surgem no devir. Isso colocado, defende-se que o estudo da eficiência deve se voltar para a estruturação das instituições (jurídicas ou não), de modo a permitir a diminuição dos custos de transação e a possibilidade de que os diversos stakeholders em situação de interação por meio de transações (no mercado ou fora dele) tenham a perspectiva de desenvolver padrões de condutas próprios por meio de tentativa, erro e aprendizado. E a maximização das chances dessa tentativa, erro e aprendizado deve pressupor a maximização das possibilidades de trocas de comunicações para permitir a variação e seleção de novas ideias. Isto é, defende-se que o Direito deve aspirar a maximizar as possibilidades de adaptação das instituições por meio tentativa, erro e aprendizagem por meio da ampliação das trocas de comunicações. Com essas premissas, procura-se estudar a estrutura de mercado dos serviços de praticagem, apontando os erros de um ciclo de consultas públicas conduzida pela CNAP (objeto escolhido para estudo de caso). Nesse particular, entende-se que há um problema de lock-in ideológico que impede o surgimento de um ciclo sustentável de destruição criativa no âmbito dos serviços de praticagem, o que inibe o aprimoramento das tecnologias e das instituições disponíveis. A partir do desenvolvimento realizado na exposição teórica da presente tese, são apresentadas algumas propostas para a estruturação dos serviços da praticagem que facilitem essa eficiência adaptativa, não só para os stakeholders diretamente relacionados ao mercado (prestadores e tomadores de serviços) como também para os demais que possam ser afetados pelas externalidades negativas propiciadas pelo risco da atividade
Haklai, Merav. "Money in the Roman Empire from Hadrian to the Severi : a study of attitudes and practice." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:c09bcf2f-054b-4f7c-b583-8b4ec02535e8.
Full textTegnér, Marcus. "Den hybrida yrkesrollen : En studie om verksamhetschefer inom svensk sjukvård." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Ekonomihögskolan, ELNU, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-20619.
Full textPavez, Iciar. "Les contrats inter-entreprises dans le commerce de produits périssables : le cas des exportations de fruits du Chili analysé avec la Théorie des Coûts de Transaction et l’Analyse Institutionnelle." Thesis, Montpellier, SupAgro, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013NSAM0016/document.
Full textThis doctoral dissertation examines the determinants explaining the type of contracts chosen by exporters and importers to manage the hazards of international trade. It analyzes the case of Chilean off-season exports as one of the southern-hemisphere leaders in the fruit trade. Applying Transaction Cost Economics and Institutional Analysis as a framework, this work will analyze the influence of environmental and behavioral uncertainty and time-specificity on the degree of completeness, formalization and enforcement of contracts. A multi-strand research design integrating qualitative-quantitative methods is applied to analyze information gathered through: 39 face-to-face interviews with exporters and importers; questionnaire surveys from 65 exporters; an exhaustive Chilean customs database containing 170,370 shipments and contracts from Chile to worldwide buyers; and 44 international arbitration cases for the fruit and vegetable trade. The results show that high levels of uncertainty in the alternative importing countries increase the use of more complete contracts. When levels of fruit perishability are high, this often leads to less complete contracts. Shortage of market supply allows the exporting company a favorable position to negotiate a more complete contract. International transactions are supported by oral and written means; the use of signed contracts is more important than perceived in the fruit industry, but its role is more oriented to respond to institutional requirements rather than as a mechanism to offset hazards, such as exporting to risky countries or dealing with distrustful importers. To enforce contracts firms adopt formal and informal mechanisms. These include inspections, insurance, arbitration, in addition to trust and reputation. Limitations of this study include: the customs database does not include the identity of the importer, the cross-sectional analysis performed does not allow observing the evolution of contracting practices, the study is placed predominately from the exporter's perspective. There is also little empirical research on contracts analyzing transactions embedded in different institutional settings. This thesis contributes to the knowledge of contractual choices in 117 importing countries. It contributes to the understanding of international trade of perishable products. It also contributes to the economics and management literature on international contract completeness, formalization, enforceability, and to literature focusing on the changes of governance in the international supply chains
Marino, Matheus Kfouri. "Implementação de estratégias e governança: estudo de múltiplas firmas de distribuição de defensivos agrícolas no Brasil." Universidade de São Paulo, 2005. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/12/12139/tde-06122005-100738/.
Full textThe great majority of organizations fail when it comes to implement strategies. The great amount of literature in business administration shows such a fact, and challenges the scientists of organizations to find improvements to this issue. The following thesis identifies the main critical success variables to implement strategies and comes up with an empirical analysis of the distribution system of agricultural agrochemical in Brazil. The theoretical references employed are innovative, for they bring the approaches of the Economy of Organizations, under the lines of Transactional Costs Economics (TCE), to the analysis of an issue of corporate governance, in addition to the traditional approaches of Management adopted in the subject matters of Business. The analysis through Economy of Organizations has the economic foundation and the social description of human behavior in the processes of generation and implementation of strategies, thus fulfilling a theoretical gap. TCE develops a contractual approach of the strategies implementation process, one which analyzes the relationship between owners and executives to develop actions defined by strategies. Thus, the thesis associates governance structures which are diminishing factors of cost transactions to implement strategies with the characteristics of several organizations. The thesis identified as critical success variables in the process of implementing strategies: i) the presence of contracted management, with executives (contracted managers) initiating the strategies, strategists (owners) ratifying them, executives implementing them and strategists monitoring them in complex organizations; ii) the presence of mechanisms to adapt the process of strategies implementation; iii) the existence of contractual safeguards due to the need for investments in specific assets generated as result of strategies; and iv) the presence of contractual safeguards due to the uncertainties of the business environment. The empirical research was conducted through a survey, which analyzed the process of strategies implementation in 32 agricultural agrochemical distribution channels in Brazil. Thus it was possible to develop an empiric discussion of the hypothesis that demonstrates the relevance of the critical success variables identified in the theoretical review. The results of the empirical survey show, with the exception of the restriction to the remnant of the decision maker for non-complex enterprises, that all critical success variables identified in the theoretical review showed a direct and positive relation with the performance of the process of strategies implementation, but with variations in relation to their statistical significance. The variable contracted management showed no statistical significance, partially due to the existence of few organizations with contracted professionals to manage the companies, a factor which hindered the analysis. The results of the empirical survey cannot be extended to the population, since the sampling is neither aleatory nor representative. With the theoretical review and the evidence presented in the empirical survey the thesis established a methodological proposal that promotes the development of governance structures from the analysis of critical success variables that generate efficiency in the strategies implementation process. Three dynamics were structured which explore the behavioral variations of agents in organizations, the need of investments in specific assets according to the strategies defined in the process and the level of exposure to uncertainties in the business environment of organizations. The thesis consolidated a model of strategic management and the dynamics are focused in the implementation phase, after the definition of strategies.
Siman, Renildes Fortunato. "Estudo dos determinantes das perfomances socioeconômicas dos assentamentos de reforma agrária do Rio de Grande do Sul : análise comparada nas perspectivas do capital social e da nova economia institucional." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/18317.
Full textThis study had the aim of studying the socioeconomic performances of settlements of the agrarian reform in the Rio Grande do Sul state (southerm Brazil), through the analysis of indicators of social capital and their institutions. The research problem is exposed by means of the following question: in what extent the approach of the New Institutional Economy and the Social Capital can explain the different performances of the settlements of agrarian reform? The attempt was to study the relationships among the different settlements and among them and other actors involved in the process of development of settlement to know the type of social capital which is created and accumulated inside the settlements. The areas of this study included three settlements of the Metropolitan Region of Porto Alegre, as follows: "Capela", "19 de Setembro" and "Integração Gaúcha", located in the municipalities of Nova Santa Rita, Guaíba and Eldorado do Sul, respectively. The used methods were of qualitative type that employs historical and comparative methods, survey inquiries and semi-structured personal interviews. The data base was organized utilizing the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software and compared through analysis of variance, cross tabulation and linear regression. The study was divided in seven chapters. The first chapter, which is the introduction, expounds the research problem, the objectives, the hypothesis, the methodological procedures and the area of study. The second chapter presents the theoretical reference with the approaching theories of the Social Capital and the New Institutional Economy. The third chapter tackles the discussion and analysis of the results. It begins with the characterization of the settlements and the presentation of the path of struggle of the settled people from the occupation camp until the settlement formation that was very hard even after the settlement formation. Initially the settled people were organized in cooperatives. The only cooperative currently in activity is that from the settlement "Capela" (Coopan). Lack of orientation and knowledge about managing were the causes of the liquidation of the cooperatives. The continuity of the Coopan may be attributed to the social capital stoking accumulated before the settlement was established. The fourth chapter identifies and characterizes the organizations that act inside the settlements. It was observed that the relationships maintained between the settlements and organizations are restricted to the MST (landless movement). The fifth chapter investigates the perception of the settled people concerning the confidence and honesty inside the group (settlement) and the relationships with other agents. It was observed that the MST is the organization in which they have more confidence and that consider to be more honest. The federal government appears in the second place. In spite of the MST being a non formal organization, the settlement follows the rules established by that organization. The sixth chapter analyses the dimensions of the social capital in relation to the performances of the settlements. Statistical analysis showed no significant differences in relation to the dimensions and the social capital in the three settlements. However the socioeconomic information that was collected let state that the Coopan group from "Capela" settlement was that of the best socioeconomic performance. The seventh chapter presents the conclusion.
Del, Fiori Diogo. "Industrialização do Brasil na década de 1930 : uma aplicação com teoria dos jogos." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/40254.
Full textThis study proposes to examine the industrialization of Brazil in the context of economic and political changes in the first government of Getulio Vargas, from 1930 until 1945. In the literature of the Brazilian economy with the coming of industry in Brazil, two visions are in opposition: on one hand, industrialization as a byproduct of government intervention in the coffee sector, on the other, deliberately promoted industrialization by the government. Based on an analysis of equilibrium in a dynamic game of imperfect information, rationality is evident from the creation of institutions for industrial development in the 1930s. The result shows the changes of equilibrium in which Brazil went from the 1930s, with changes in the tax structure, educational, financial and labor relations, that institutional change created fertile ground for the rise of industrialization that characterized the first Vargas government and also shows the intention of this government, when one observes the transformation of the tax system, so be immune to external economic fluctuations and also educational changes, which came to encourage the primary, secondary and technical vocational, measures designed to meet the new economic landscape of Brazil. Another point that confirms the outcome of the Nash equilibrium is perfect in subgame the loss of the importance of the coffee sector in the period that includes the nineteenth century until the end of the first Vargas government, where the evidence shows that farmers had, since the decade of 1930, to diversify investment trends due to the loss of income to the grower industry.
Lange, Gloria. "Bilanzrecht und Ökonomische Theorie des Rechts- Ansatzpunkte und Überlegungen zum § 249 HGB -." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Juristische Fakultät, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/14444.
Full textWith the world turning into a global village it is generally considered necessary for German companies to abandon German accounting rules in favor of international standards in order to access money markets. But is German accounting law as laid down in the Handelsgesetzbuch (HGB) really inferior to international standards and should it consequently be adjusted to international rules? To answer these questions it is attempted to apply economic theory of law to accounting rules, using § 249 HGB as a typical example. To this purpose a simple business model in a in a neo-institutional world is introduced where the emphasis is put on different kinds of financial relations. A distinction is made between the financial relations between the shareholders that founded the company, the financial relations between new shareholders and the founders of the company and finally the relationship between the company and banks financing the business. Whereas traditional accounting theories or approaches even fail to fully explain the set of rules put down in § 249 HGB, newer approaches combining agency theory and/or the theory of market failure with accounting theory are able to explain the function of § 249 HGB in one financial relation at a time. However, none of these approaches is applicable to all financial relations as depicted in the model. Using new institutional economics, a recently developed theory combining different other approaches in economics, and putting the emphasis on (economic) contract theory, it is possible to understand all financial relations within a company as well as the financial relations between a company and the money markets as contracts. This way legal thinking and newer accounting theories have a common denominator. Different approaches can be combined to form a comprehensive system. Within this system the functions of § 249 HGB in the model´s different financial relations can be positively analyzed. However, positive analysis does not provide the answer to the question of how German accounting rules should be. This is where constitutional economics may provide the missing link. Constitutional economics interpret all kinds of relationships as individual contracts between human beings. Then any given rule can be normatively analyzed by simply asking the people if they would have voted for or against the rule if they had been asked in advance. If they had voted for the rule then the rule is made the way it serves peoples´ interests best. However, if more knowledge is available the questioning can be repeated and the outcome may change in favor of better rules. It is considered sufficient that people voluntarily agree to a rule on a very abstract level, e.g. to the constitution. If the contract the founders of a company have to agree to is compared to the constitution, it can be shown that the founders of the company might under certain circumstances voluntarily agree to the rules as they are laid down in § 249 HGB. If agreement can be reached depends on the financial plans they have for the company. Therefore it can be concluded that specifics of German accounting law as represented in § 249 HGB should not simply be given up to follow the demands of the international money markets. For certain classes of companies German accounting rules serve their purpose and should at least be kept as an option for these companies.
Bortolotti, Monica Aparecida. "GOVERNANÇA NA CADEIA PRODUTIVA DE SUÍNOS: ESTUDO DE CASO DE DUAS COOPERATIVAS NO OESTE CATARINENSE." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2008. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/8828.
Full textO trabalho tem por objetivo identificar os fatores determinantes da coexistência de deferentes sistemas de governança em cadeia de suprimentos na suinocultura de corte em organizações cooperativas no Oeste Catarinense. A pesquisa tem como base teórica a Nova Economia Institucional, enfatizando a análise da Gestão de Cadeias de Suprimentos. A metodologia utilizada foi o Estudo de Caso, como método que se mostrou mais adequado ao estudo proposto. Foram analisados dois casos: A Cooperativa A1 e a Cooperativa Regional Alfa, ambas associadas à Aurora Alimentos. Os resultados permitiram identificar os dois principais fatores que determinam a coexistência de sistemas de governança na cadeia de suprimentos nos casos estudados, que são: a importância das organizações cooperativas em primar pelos princípios do cooperativismo, e, por cumprimento de contrato das Cooperativas com a Aurora, pois a fuga em massa dos produtores iria causar prejuízos incalculáveis para as cooperativas e para a Aurora. De acordo com a Economia dos Custos de Transação, apenas dois sistemas apresentam as mesmas características, ou seja, o Sistema 02 da Cooperativa A1 e o Sistema 02 da Cooperativa Alfa, os quadro demais sistemas são distintos entre si. Quanto às características idéias constatou-se que: de modo geral os agentes são identificados; as ações não são conjuntas; prevalece a relação de contratos neoclássicos entre cooperativas e produtores; a produção é pensada a curto prazo, ou seja, a maioria dos contratos são de no mínimo quatro meses e no máximo seis meses; 100% dos suinocultores identificam a sua Cooperativa como liderança; os sistemas de controle precisam de ajustes, mas estão dentro do esperado; a assistência técnica é ideal; e, por fim, a troca de informações está abaixo do esperado. Portanto a coexistência de diferentes sistemas de governança da cadeia de suprimentos da suinocultura de corte, em organizações cooperativas no Oeste de Santa Catarina se dá em virtude das necessidades de manter-se no mercado e não por uma simples opção de diversificação de ativos.
Huq, Asif M. "How does accounting and auditing regulations affect firm growth and cost of capital?" Licentiate thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Mikrodataanalys, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-28408.
Full textHuq, Asif. "How does accounting and auditing regulations affect firm growth and cost of capital?" Licentiate thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Mikrodataanalys, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-28408.
Full textCavalli, Cássio Machado. "Empresa, direito e economia : elaboração de um conceito jurídico de empresa no direito comercial brasileiro contemporâneo a partir do dado teórico econômico." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/55327.
Full textEsta tese tem por objeto a influência que dado teórico econômico exerce na elaboração de um conceito de empresa juridicamente relevante e operacionalizável no direito comercial brasileiro contemporâneo. Seu objetivo consiste em identificar de que modo as formas de construção das relações entre direito e economia dificultam, por um lado, a consecução da tarefa de elaborar-se um conceito jurídico de empresa, e, de outro lado, identificar alternativas possíveis para a reimpostação do problema que auxiliem na elaboração de um conceito de empresa juridicamente relevante e operacionalizável a partir do dado teórico econômico. A pesquisa é conduzida a partir do questionamento das funções normativas desempenhadas pela empresa e o do conceito econômico de empresa com o qual trabalham os juristas. Estes aspectos da teoria são cotejados para verificar se há congruência entre a função normativa preponderante da empresa e o seu conceito econômico. Este teste é realizado mediante a análise do conceito jurídico de empresa e o conceito econômico de empresa. Na segunda parte desta tese, investiga-se as teorias econômicas da empresa fornecidas pela economia neoclássica e pela Nova Economia Institucional, para verificar-se as estruturas e funções da empresa. Em seguida, empreende-se esforço de integração interdisciplinar entre direito e economia, a partir das pressuposições metodológicas do Funcionalismo Jurídico. Com base no resultado da afirmação do diálogo interdisciplinar, parte-se para a elaboração de um conceito de empresa juridicamente relevante e operacionalizável a partir do dado teórico econômico, mediante o teste da hipótese segundo a qual a empresa constitui uma situação jurídica complexa.
This thesis aims at verifying the influence that the economic data has on the legal concept of firm in contemporary brazilian commercial law. Its goal is to identify how the distinct ways chosen to build the relationships between law and economics make it difficult to achieve the task of drawing up a legal concept of the firm and to identify possible alternatives to face the problem in a way that could lead to a relevant legal concept of the firm. The survey is conducted from the questioning of legal functions performed by the firm and how the lawyers build an economic concept of the firm. This test is performed by the analysis of the legal concept of enterpreneur and the economic concept of the firm. In the second part, this thesis investigates the economic theories of the firm provided by neoclassical economics and by New Institutional Economics, to check the economic structures and functions of the firm. Then, it undertakes an interdisciplinary effort between law and economics, from the theoretical assumptions provided by the Legal Functionalism. Based on the result of the interdisciplinary dialogue, it proceeds to the development of a legal concept of the firm starting from the economic theory, by testing the hypothesis that the legal meaning of the firm is a nexus of contracts relationship.
Scemama, Pierre. "Analyse néo-institutionnelle de l'investissement dans la biodiversité : choix organisationnels et leurs conséquences sur la restauration des écosystèmes aquatiques." Thesis, Brest, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BRES0029/document.
Full textThe objective of this work was to develop the framework of the new institutional economics to identify the economic constraints to overcome in order to encourage public or private agents to invest in restoring aquatic ecosystems. In the course of this work we mobilized different materials and methods that allowed us to identify three types of constraints: cost constraints, organizational constraints and institutional constraints.Our results show that these projects are exposed to a great variability of production costs, some key attributes play a decisive role in this variability: the type of targeted ecosystem, the institutional context, the initial degree of disturbance, the amount of works needed, the climate and the size of projects.Using the new institutional economics framework, we were interested in the transaction costs that surround investment project of restoring aquatic ecosystems. These costs are associated to the need of specific coordination devices between actors adapted to the complexity of biodiversity dynamics. Transaction costs originate from three different characteristics of projects: asset specificity, uncertainty and frequency of transactions. From the study of the market of wetland mitigation in the United States and of four case study in France, we show the link between the origin of transaction costs and organizational efficacy of the system. Among other results, we show that there is a tradeoff between an objective of challenging conservation and an objective of creating incentives for investment for the restoration of aquatic ecosystems