Academic literature on the topic 'New Century Club (Philadelphia, Pa.)'

With the emergence of baseball as America’s national sporting pastime, Camden civic and business leaders decided in 1881 to organize a professional team. This article examines the brief but spectacular history of the Albert Merritt Base Ball Club, one of the best minor league teams of the nineteenth century. Examined are the social and economic reasons for organizing a professional team, the unique founding of the club, the construction of a playing facility, and team finances including player salaries. The 1883 Merritt, which advanced every player to the major leagues, was a juggernaut, dominating the inaugural season of the Inter-State Association, one of two officially organized minor leagues. But despite success on the field with a 27-8 (.771) record, the team suddenly disbanded on July 21. The case study of the promise and perils of professional baseball as a civic and community enterprise culminates in a discussion of the club’s demise because of internal financial problems and inability to compete with two major league teams across the Delaware River in Philadelphia.

Abstract INTRODUCTION: The focus of this work is to develop new mouse models for metastatic lung cancer. Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide and greater than 75% of human lung cancer deaths can be attributed to metastasis. Metastatic disease in most existing mouse models of pulmonary adenocarcinoma is typically sporadic and often requires aging mice for several months. These factors limit the usefulness of mouse models for basic and pre-clinical research aimed at identifying effective treatments of metastatic disease. METHODS AND RESULTS: We have developed new mouse models of pulmonary adenocarcinoma in which we added mutations in Dicer1, an RNAse III enzyme within the microRNA (miRNA) biosynthesis pathway to a mouse model of Kras-driven pulmonary adenocarcinoma. For both models, we induced tumorigenesis by conditionally expressing an oncogenic allele of Kras (KrasG12D), deleting of both alleles of Trp53 and deleting one allele of Dicer1 in one cell population then expressing truncated Dicer1 in a different cell population. In the absence of Dicer1 truncation, mice expressing KrasG12D and deleting Trp53 in Club cells have a reported median survival of 28.6 weeks after tumor induction. When we also deleted one allele of Dicer1 in Club cells and truncated Dicer1 in alveolar type II cells of these mice, they exhibited respiratory distress and began dying 12.1 weeks after tumor induction. In our initial pilot study, all animals (12/12) developed pulmonary adenocarcinoma and 30% (3/10) had lymph node metastasis. We did not observe accelerated tumorigenesis, however, when we switched cell types, inducing tumorigenesis in alveolar type II cells and truncating Dicer1 in Club cells, or when induced tumorigenesis and truncating Dicer1 within the same cell populations. CONCLUSIONS: Through cell type specific truncation/deletion of Dicer1 we have generated a new mouse model that rapidly develops pulmonary adenocarcinomas and metastatic disease. Our findings support our hypothesis that tumorigenesis and metastasis are influenced by miRNA regulated communication between different cell types. These models have potential for both understanding the basic processes of metastasis and for pre-clinical studies aimed at preventing and/or treating metastatic lung cancer. Citation Format: Julie Wells, Richard Maser, Ashley Tucker, Teresa McGee, Wendy Memishian, Rosalinda Doty, Carol J. Bult. Developing new mouse models of metastatic lung cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 927.

Abstract INTRODUCTION: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide and greater than 75% of human lung cancer deaths can be attributed to metastasis. Metastatic disease in most existing mouse models of pulmonary adenocarcinoma is typically sporadic and often requires aging mice for several months. These factors limit the usefulness of most current mouse models for basic and pre-clinical research aimed at identifying mechanisms and effective treatments of metastatic disease. We have developed two novel mouse models of metastatic lung cancer and report here on changes in protein expression and immune cell recruitment in the lungs of these models. METHODS AND RESULTS: Mouse models were generated by adding mutations in Dicer1, an RNAse III enzyme within the microRNA (miRNA) biosynthesis pathway, to a mouse model of Kras-driven pulmonary adenocarcinoma. For both models, tumorigenesis was induced by conditional expression of an oncogenic allele of Kras (KrasG12D), deletion of both alleles of Trp53 and deletion of one allele of Dicer1 in one cell type and the expression of a truncated Dicer1 allele in a different cell type. In the absence of Dicer1 truncation, mice expressing KrasG12D and deleting Trp53 in club cells have a reported median survival of 28.6 weeks after tumor induction. We detected accelerated development of pulmonary adenocarcinoma and lymph node metastasis (12.1 weeks) only when we induced tumorigenesis in club cells and truncated DICER1 in alveolar type II (ATII) cells. Induction of tumorigenesis in ATII cells and truncation of DICER1 in club cells did not accelerate tumorigenesis or metastasis. To evaluate the molecular and cellular changes in the different phenotypes of these models we have characterized protein expression, using spatial proteomics, and immune cell recruitment, using flow cytometry. CONCLUSIONS: Through cell type specific truncation/deletion of Dicer1 we have generated a new mouse model that rapidly develops pulmonary adenocarcinomas and metastatic disease. Our findings support our hypothesis that tumorigenesis and metastasis are influenced by miRNA regulated communication between different cell types. Preliminary flow cytometry and spatial proteomic analyses have suggested cellular targets underlying phenotypic differences between our two mouse models. These models have potential for both understanding the basic processes of metastasis and for pre-clinical studies aimed at preventing and/or treating metastatic lung cancer. Citation Format: Paige Ramkissoon, Julie Wells, Richard S. Maser, Jiayuan Shi, Zheng Gong, Qing Li, Brian Hoffmann, Anne Marchini, Elaine Bechtel, Rosalinda Doty, Gary Ren, Carol J. Bult. New mouse models of metastatic lung cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 1321.

Abstract In medicine, as in all of human history, there is a permanent back and forth between two principal modes of thought: (i) magical/religious/ fears/obscurantism, leading to dogma;, and (ii) intellectual activities resulting in the questioning of dogma and opening doors to new concepts. Concerning cancer, since ancient Egypt, several methods of thinking have been instituted and then rejected, influenced by new discoveries but also by the cultural context. With respect to mechanisms of cancer metastasis, after considerable debate in the 19th century, intravascular dissemination of cancer was finally imposed and is still accepted as the only mechanism for distant metastasis. However, at present, other perspectives are now taken into consideration, and in particular melanoma angiotropism, pericytic mimicry, and extravascular migratory metastasis (EVMM). This new field of cancer research may open promising new strategies for reducing or preventing melanoma metastasis. Citation Format: Claire Lugassy, Raymond L Barnhill. Concepts of cancer and metastasis: Historical perspective [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Melanoma: From Biology to Target; 2019 Jan 15-18; Houston, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(19 Suppl):Abstract nr IA06.

Abstract Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is amongst the ten most prevalent malignancies in the United States, with 76,000 new cases each year and almost 14,000 deaths. Over the past half-century, RCC has more than doubled in incidence. RCC seems to have a greater incidence among Hispanics with a nearly three-fold increase. The epidemiology of RCC has been studied. However, there is a gap in knowledge on disparities in RCC within minority populations. We aimed to analyze epidemiologic patterns of RCC within our community, where Hispanics alone make up 70% of the population. We conducted a retrospective study to describe characteristics and calculate rates of recurrence of RCC among patients treated at Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center in Miami, FL, from June 2010 to April 2020. The patients were aged 18 and older and had a pathologic diagnosis of RCC. We identified ethnicity as Hispanic/Latino (HL) or non-Hispanic/Latino (NHL). Clinical presentation was classified based on information from the last encounter as either local RCC without recurrence, metastatic RCC after nephrectomy, or metastatic RCC at diagnosis/de novo. We analyzed a total of 1168 patients, from which 661 patients (55.7%) were identified as NHL and 507 (42.7%) as HL. A subtotal of 333 patients (28.5%) had metastatic RCC at diagnosis/de novo, from which 199 (59.7%) were NHL, and 134 (40.2%) were HL. A subtotal of 835 patients (71.5%) were diagnosed with local RCC and underwent nephrectomy, from which 462 (55.3%) were identified as NHL and 373 (44.7%) as HL. From the NHL group that underwent nephrectomy, 189 patients (40.9%) had recurrent disease and 273 (59%) did not. From the HL group, 121 patients (32.4%) had recurrent disease and 252 (67.5%) did not. Overall, 310 patients had metastasis after nephrectomy, from which 121 (39%) were HL and 189 (60.9%) were NHL. In this cohort of patients with RCC, four out of every ten patients with metastasis at diagnosis were HL. NHL appeared to have more recurrence of disease after nephrectomy compared to Hispanics. Further histopathologic, clinical, and genomic characteristics will be presented, along with treatment outcomes and clinical trial participation in the NHL and HL cohorts. Citation Format: Abner Antonio Murray Melo, Jesus Antonio Ocejo Gallegos, Jaime Rafael Merchan. Epidemiological characteristics and patterns of recurrence of renal cell carcinoma in Hispanics: A single US center cohort study [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 15th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2022 Sep 16-19; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022;31(1 Suppl):Abstract nr C121.

Abstract Introduction Breast cancer is a complex, heterogeneous disease encompassing a spectrum of subtypes with distinct biological features, each having unique responses to various treatment modalities and different clinical outcomes. The type of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) for locally advanced breast cancer is decided based on breast cancer subtype, which includes triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), hormone receptor positive breast cancer (HR+BC), HER2+ breast cancer (HER2+BC) and triple positive breast cancer (TPBC). Multiple NAC regimens exist but have not been directly compared to determine the optimal treatment regimen in patients with various stages (I-III) and subtypes of breast cancer. The objective of this study was to assess pathological complete response (pCR) rates in patients treated with various types of NAC and analyze associated clinical factors in our diverse patient population. Methods This study included 297 patients treated with NAC for breast cancer between 2015 and 2021 at LCMC Heath, New Orleans, Louisiana. The tumor, lymph node, metastasis (TNM) system was used for clinical and pathological staging. Biologic subclassification using estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), HER2 were performed. Response to NAC was documented as pCR when there was no evidence of residual invasive tumor in the breast or axillary lymph nodes. Categorical variables were summarized by reporting counts and percentages, while continuous variables were summarized by reporting means and standard deviations. Fisher exact tests were used to compare pCR status by each chemotherapy status or demographic factor. Wilcoxon Rank-sum tests were used to compare continuous variables across pCR groups. Multivariable linear regression was performed to predict overall tumor shrinkage %. Results Among all patients, median age was 54.75 years (min-max: 22-78). 30 (10%) patients were stage I, 175 (58.9%) were stage II, 89 (29.9%) were stage III and 3 (1%) were stage IV with oligometastatic disease. 171 (57.6%) were African American (AA), 82 (27.6%) were Caucasians and 41(13.8%) were other race. Table 1. shows chemotherapy and pCR rates among different breast cancer subtypes. Patients with carboplatin (57.3 vs 35.3; p< 0.001), had a higher likelihood of complete remission than non-users. After multivariable linear regression adjustment, Paclitaxel increased the % reduction in tumor size significantly (EST= 39%, CI 2% – 77%; p=0.042) compared to non-users. In the subset of TNBC patients this held in terms of pCR rates (47.1% vs 25%, p=0.036). In TPBC, pCR was higher in younger (p=0.028) and non-AA (p=0.0023) patients. Conclusion Multiple NAC regimens for breast cancer exist and optimization of regimens is key. We explored the use of several different chemotherapy agents and found the use of carboplatin beneficial, while doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide and cisplatin had a decreased likelihood of achieving a pCR; however, this may be due to the intrinsic nature of the subtypes that would be treated with these NAC regimens. We plan to explore by subtype and treatment regimen in future analysis.Interestingly, AA have significantly less pCR in TPBC, compared to non-AA, although this finding was not seen in other subtypes. Future studies are needed to investigate this further. Table 1: Chemotheraphy and pCR rates among different breast cancer subtypes. Citation Format: Aneesha Ananthula, Katharine Thomas, Lily Chen, Vincent K. Carey, Caitlin M. Sullivan, Karla M. Martin, Emily Baas, Kara C. Plasko, Brandi Sun, Madison Lanza, Cindy Nguyen, Andrew Chapple, Michelle M. Loch. Neo-adjuvant chemotherapy in various breast cancer subtypes in the 21st century. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2022 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2022 Dec 6-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(5 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-07-21.

-Philip D. Morgan, Marcus Wood, Blind memory: Visual representations of slavery in England and America 1780-1865. New York: Routledge, 2000. xxi + 341 pp.-Rosemarijn Hoefte, Ron Ramdin, Arising from bondage: A history of the Indo-Caribbean people. New York: New York University Press, 2000. x + 387 pp.-Flávio dos Santos Gomes, David Eltis, The rise of African slavery in the Americas. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000. xvii + 353 pp.-Peter Redfield, D. Graham Burnett, Masters of all they surveyed: Exploration, geography, and a British El Dorado. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2000. xv + 298 pp.-Bernard Moitt, Eugenia O'Neal, From the field to the legislature: A history of women in the Virgin Islands. Westport CT: Greenwood Press, 2001. xiii + 150 pp.-Allen M. Howard, Nemata Amelia Blyden, West Indians in West Africa, 1808-1880: The African Diaspora in reverse. Rochester NY: University of Rochester Press, 2000. xi + 258 pp.-Michaeline A. Crichlow, Kari Levitt, The George Beckford papers. Kingston: Canoe Press, 2000. lxxi + 468 pp.-Michaeline A. Crichlow, Audley G. Reid, Community formation; A study of the 'village' in postemancipation Jamaica. Kingston: Canoe Press, 2000. xvi + 156 pp.-Linden Lewis, Brian Meeks, Narratives of resistance: Jamaica, Trinidad, the Caribbean. Kingston: University of the West Indies Press, 2000. xviii + 240 pp.-Roderick A. McDonald, Bridget Brereton, Law, justice, and empire: The colonial career of John Gorrie, 1829-1892. Kingston: University of the West Indies Press, 1997. xx + 371 pp.-Karl Watson, Gary Lewis, White rebel: The life and times of TT Lewis. Kingston: University of the West Indies Press, 1999. xxvii + 214 pp.-Mary Turner, Armando Lampe, Mission or submission? Moravian and Catholic missionaries in the Dutch Caribbean during the nineteenth century. Göttingen, FRG: Vandenburg & Ruprecht, 2001. 244 pp.-O. Nigel Bolland, Anton L. Allahar, Caribbean charisma: Reflections on leadership, legitimacy and populist politics. Kingston: Ian Randle; Boulder CO: Lynne Rienner, 2001. xvi + 264 pp.-Bill Maurer, Cynthia Weber, Faking it: U.S. Hegemony in a 'post-phallic' era. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1999. xvi + 151 pp.-Kelvin Santiago-Valles, Christina Duffy Burnett ,Foreign in a domestic sense: Puerto Rico, American expansion, and the constitution. Durham NC: Duke University Press, 2001. xv + 422 pp., Burke Marshall (eds)-Rubén Nazario, Efrén Rivera Ramos, The legal construction of identity: The judicial and social legacy of American colonialism in Puerto Rico. Washington DC: American Psychological Association, 2000. 275 pp.-Marc McLeod, Louis A. Pérez, Jr., Winds of change: Hurricanes and the transformation of nineteenth-century Cuba. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2001. x + 199 pp.-Jorge L. Giovannetti, Fernando Martínez Heredia ,Espacios, silencios y los sentidos de la libertad: Cuba entre 1878 y 1912. Havana: Ediciones Unión, 2001. 359 pp., Rebecca J. Scott, Orlando F. García Martínez (eds)-Reinaldo L. Román, Miguel Barnet, Afro-Cuban religions. Princeton NJ: Markus Wiener Publishers, 2001. 170 pp.-Philip W. Scher, Hollis 'Chalkdust' Liverpool, Rituals of power and rebellion: The carnival tradition in Trinidad and Tobago, 1763-1962. Chicago: Research Associates School Times Publications and Frontline distribution international, 2001. xviii + 518 pp.-Asmund Weltzien, David Griffith ,Fishers at work, workers at sea: A Puerto Rican journey through labor and refuge. Philadelphia PA: Temple University Press, 2002. xiv + 265 pp., Manuel Valdés Pizzini (eds)-Riva Berleant-Schiller, Eudine Barriteau, The political economy of gender in the twentieth-century Caribbean. New York: Palgrave, 2001. xvi + 214 pp.-Edward Dew, Rosemarijn Hoefte ,Twentieth-century Suriname: Continuities and discontinuities in a new world society. Kingston: Ian Randle; Leiden: KITLV Press, 2001. xvi + 365 pp., Peter Meel (eds)-Joseph L. Scarpaci, Jonathan Benjamin-Alvarado, Power to the people: Energy and the Cuban nuclear program. New York: Routledge, 2000. xiii + 178 pp.-Lynn M. Festa, Keith A. Sandiford, The cultural politics of sugar: Caribbean slavery and narratives of colonialism. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000. 221 pp.-Maria Christina Fumagalli, John Thieme, Derek Walcott. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1999. xvii + 251 pp.-Laurence A. Breiner, Stewart Brown, All are involved: The art of Martin Carter. Leeds U.K.: Peepal Tree, 2000. 413 pp.-Mikael Parkvall, John Holm, An introduction to Pidgins and Creoles. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000. xxi + 282 pp.

Painter, etcher, and illustrator John Sloan was a leading figure in the Ashcan School, a group of turn-of-the-century urban realists who used dark palettes and heavy brushwork to paint the grittier side of New York life. In 1892, while working as an illustrator at the Philadelphia Inquirer, Sloan enrolled in evening classes at the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts and co-founded the Charcoal Club, a group of local artists who met for informal discussions and sketching sessions in Robert Henri’s studio. Sloan followed Henri to New York City, where he became associated with ‘The Eight.’

Born into a free black family in the early nineteenth century, Josephine Silone Yates was a pioneering woman faculty member at the historically black Lincoln Institute (now University) in Jefferson City, Missouri, where she headed the Department of Natural Sciences. Yates later rose to prominence in the black women’s club movement of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, serving as president of the famed National Association of Colored Women (NACW) from 1901 to 1905. Josephine was born in 1852 in Mattituck, New York, to Alexander and Parthenia Reeve Silone. She was their second daughter. Her maternal grandfather, Lymas Reeves, had been a slave in Suffolk County, Long Island, New York, but was freed in 1813. Lymas owned a house in Mattituck, and Josephine’s parents lived with him. 1 Josephine’s mother was well educated for the time, and she taught her daughter to read and write at home. Josephine’s earliest and fondest memories were of being taught to read from the Bible while snuggled on her mother’s lap. Her mother made her call out the words as she pointed to them. Josephine began school at age six, where her teachers immediately recognized her preparedness and advanced her rapidly through the elementary grades. At the age of nine, she reportedly studied physiology and physics and possessed advanced mathematical ability. Silone also advanced her writing career at the age of nine, by submitting “a story for publication to a New York weekly magazine. Though the article was rejected for publication, she received a letter of encouragement, which increased her ambition to succeed.” Josephine’s uncle, Reverend John Bunyan Reeve, was the pastor of the Lombard Street Central Church in Philadelphia. Because of his interest in the education of his niece, he convinced his sister, Parthenia, to send Josephine at the age of eleven to live with him in Philadelphia so that she could attend the Institute for Colored Youth directed by Fanny Jackson-Coppin. It was probably felt that Josephine’s education would progress better under the mentorship of Jackson-Coppin.