Relevant bibliographies by topics / Neutron diffraction technique

Academic literature on the topic 'Neutron diffraction technique'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Neutron diffraction technique"

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Feldmann, K. "Texture Investigations by Neutron Time-of-Flight Diffraction." Textures and Microstructures 10, no. 4 (January 1, 1989): 309–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/tsm.10.309.

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For the majority of isotopes the thermal neutron absorption cross section is two or more orders lower than that for X-rays. This makes neutron diffraction well-suited for bulk texture investigations. Some characteristics of neutron diffraction are discussed. The principles of neutron time-of-flight diffraction are described. The pole figure determination by means of TOF technique is considered. The main parameters of the present Dubna texture facility are given. Further developments of the experimental technique are considered. The application of the TOF technique for inverse pole figure measurement is discussed as an approach to direct observation of the texture forming process. The magnetic moments of neutrons can be used to study magnetic textures. Two different techniques are discussed.
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Jorgensen, James D., and John M. Newsam. "Neutron Powder Diffraction." MRS Bulletin 15, no. 11 (November 1990): 49–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/s088376940005836x.

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For many classes of materials, neutron diffraction is the best way to obtain detailed atomic-level structural information. Diffraction experiments on single crystals provide the most precise data, but sufficiently large specimens (>0.1–0.5 mm3) are often not available. Steady development of instrumentation and data analysis techniques, however, has now made it possible to obtain comparably precise structural information from neutron diffraction experiments on powder samples. Such studies have played a prominent role in solid state physics, chemistry, and materials science in recent years. The special capabilities that have contributed to the success of this technique include atomic cross sections that are often favorable for a particular structural problem, high neutron penetrating power, the excellent resolution achieved with state-of-the-art diffractometers, and steadily advancing analysis techniques that facilitate obtaining structural information from a diverse range of polycrystalline materials.As Axe, Pynn, and Hayter note in their introductory article in this issue of the MRS BULLETIN, atomic scattering cross sections for neutrons are not simply a function of atomic number, as is the case for x-rays. The scattering is predominantly from the nuclei (thus avoiding the form factor diminution observed for x-ray scattering), and coherent neutron scattering cross sections can, generally, be as large for light atoms as for heavy atoms. Light atoms, such as hydrogen (deuterium), oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, or lithium, can therefore be located in the presence of heavier atoms. This advantage has led to the widespread use of neutron powder diffraction for studing metal hydrides and, more recently, oxide superconductors.
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Horiuchi, Hiroyuki. "Diffraction technique applying pulsed neutron source." Bulletin of the Japan Institute of Metals 28, no. 3 (1989): 213–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2320/materia1962.28.213.

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OHOYAMA, Kenji. "Magnetic Structure Refinements by Neutron Diffraction Technique." RADIOISOTOPES 59, no. 8 (2010): 477–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3769/radioisotopes.59.477.

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Lee, S. H., and C. F. Majkrzak. "A new technique for polarized neutron diffraction." Physica B: Condensed Matter 267-268 (June 1999): 341–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0921-4526(99)00040-x.

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Peters, J., and W. Jauch. "Single Crystal Time-of-Flight Neutron Diffraction." Science Progress 85, no. 4 (November 2002): 297–318. http://dx.doi.org/10.3184/003685002783238744.

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The last century has seen a large development in diffraction techniques. The time-of-flight neutron diffraction method is now so advanced that it provides high precision results for position and thermal parameters, which are complementary to other diffraction results from X-ray sources. Here we review the history of neutron sources, the difficulties encountered with the time-of-flight technique and an outlook for applications. In this context, we will show the limitations of existing neutron sources and the expected advantages of new spallation neutron sources. An overview of all corrections to be taken into account with the wavelength-sorting technique will be presented as well as actual results, how to overcome such problems, and the special difficulty of integration of three-dimensional Bragg peaks.
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Will, G., W. Schäfer, and P. Merz. "Texture Analysis by Neutron Diffraction Using a Linear Position Sensitive Detector." Textures and Microstructures 10, no. 4 (January 1, 1989): 375–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/tsm.10.375.

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Neutron diffraction in connection with a position-sensitive detector is a most powerful technique in texture analysis comparable in time with conventional X-ray laboratory technique. Neutrons measure the global texture of the sample allowing volumes up to several cm3. By using position-sensitive detectors and applying the mathematical procedures of profile analysis multiphase and low symmetry materials can be investigated without serious difficulties. Neutron diffraction experiments operating in transmission record complete diffraction profiles; overlapping lines are unscrambled by profile analysis. Technical and physical specifications of the dedicated detector JULIOS, installed on the texture diffractometer of Bonn University, are given. A hematite ore has been studied by this technique and the results are given.
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Ahmed, R., H. Yu, S. Stewart, L. Edwards, and J. R. Santisteban. "Residual Strain Measurements in Thermal Spray Cermet Coatings via Neutron Diffraction." Journal of Tribology 129, no. 2 (January 9, 2007): 411–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2647503.

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The impact and fatigue resistance of overlay coatings is significantly influenced by the residual strain (or stress) field induced during coating deposition, post-treatment, and in-service loading. Optimization of the residual strain field is therefore critical to the life and performance of components. Nondestructive measurement of these strain fields in relatively thin (300-400μm) thermal spray coatings, however, poses a challenge because conventional techniques, such as deep hole drilling, x-ray diffraction, synchrotron diffraction, and changes in beam curvature either make these techniques destructive and/or provides only a very near-surface strain measurement. This particularly complicates the strain analysis in cermet coatings, e.g., WC-Co deposited by the thermal spraying process, where the low penetration depth of x-ray and synchrotron-diffraction ray can only provide a through thickness measurement of stress or strain profile via the destructive layer removal technique. Recent investigations have therefore concentrated on the use of neutron diffraction technique for such analysis, and this paper reports some of the early findings of the comparison of through thickness strain measurements in relatively thin (400μm) as-sprayed and post-treated WC-12wt.%Co coatings via the neutron diffraction technique. Since neutrons are not charged, they do not interact with the electron cloud surrounding the atom (unlike x-ray); hence, diffraction results from the interaction with the atomic nucleus. Neutrons therefore have greater penetration depth in most engineering materials, and therefore provide a nondestructive through thickness strain measurement. Results of strain measurement are discussed with the structure property relationships and contact fatigue performance, and indicate that post-treatment of these coatings results in harmonization of the strain field within the coating, and at the coating substrate interface. This significantly influences the contact fatigue performance by improving both the cohesive and adhesive strength of these coatings.
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Kawasaki, Takuro, Yasuhiro Inamura, Takayoshi Ito, Takeshi Nakatani, Stefanus Harjo, Wu Gong, and Kazuya Aizawa. "Stroboscopic time-of-flight neutron diffraction during cyclic testing using the event data recording system at J-PARC." Journal of Applied Crystallography 51, no. 3 (May 25, 2018): 630–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600576718006453.

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A time-resolved time-of-flight neutron diffraction technique to characterize the structural properties of materials during cyclic tests has been developed for the neutron diffractometers at J-PARC. Using this technique, diffracted neutrons and the applied cyclic conditions are recorded as event data together with time information. The amplitude and phase of the conditions of all recorded neutron signals can be specified by using the characteristics of the event data. By adopting the developed technique, the behaviors of the crystal lattice and domains of the piezoelectric material in a multilayer-type piezoelectric actuator driven by a cyclic electric field were evaluated. The developed technique enabled the collection and processing of diffraction data for all levels of the applied electric field, as opposed to only the highest and lowest levels. The variation in diffraction intensity during the application of a cyclic electric field was obtained successfully, and the hysteresis-like behaviors of both the lattice strain and the 90° domain switching were revealed.
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Takahashi, Shunichi, Toshihiko Sasaki, Yukio Sato, Kengo Iwafuchi, Hiroshi Suzuki, Yukio Morii, Yasuto Kondo, Ryoichi Monzen, and Yukio Hirose. "Application of Neutron Diffraction Technique to Industrial Materials." Materials Science Forum 571-572 (March 2008): 57–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.571-572.57.

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As an important industrial problem, the rolling contact fatigue damage is accumulated in rails during the repeated passage of trains over the rails, and rail failures may occur from the cracks grown in the rails. In order to prevent such rail failures, the estimation of the behavior of internal rail cracks is required based on the exact engineering analysis model as well as conducting rail test to search rail defects. The purposes of this paper are to apply the neutron stress measurement to rails, and to obtain residual stress state in the rails for the above purpose. The rail samples used were those that have been used in service line in Japan for about six years (222 million gross tons). The neutron measurement was conducted using the Residual Stress Analyzer (RESA) of the Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA). The present measurement of stresses in rails by the neutron diffraction method was the first attempt in Japan.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Neutron diffraction technique"

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Voufack, Ariste Bolivard. "Modélisation multi-technique de la densité électronique." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LORR0168/document.

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Il est désormais possible, en utilisant le modèle de densité électronique résolue en spin (CRM2), de combiner les diffractions des rayons X et des neutrons (polarisés) pour déterminer les distributions électroniques de charge et de spin de matériaux magnétiques cristallins. Cette méthode permet la mise en évidence des chemins d’interactions rendant compte de l’ordre magnétique. Le modèle résolu en spin a été appliqué aux complexes de coordination avec un métal de transition portant la majorité du moment magnétique, il a été ensuite utilisé pour étudier les radicaux purs organiques contenant des électrons non appariés délocalisés sur un groupement chimique et les matériaux inorganiques. Dans le radical Nit(SMe)Ph, la modélisation des densités de charge et de spin a permis, en accord avec les résultats antérieurs, de montrer que le spin est délocalisé sur le groupe O-N-C-N-O (fonction nitronyle nitroxyde). Elle a également permis de montrer l’implication des liaisons hydrogène dans les interactions magnétiques ferromagnétique observé en dessous de 0.6K. Cette étude a mis en évidence une répartition dissymétrique de la population de spin sur les deux groupes N—O dont seuls les calculs CASSCF permettent de reproduire l’amplitude. Cette dissymétrie proviendrait d’une combinaison d’effets moléculaires et cristallins. Dans le radical p-O2NC6F4CNSSN de la famille des dithiadiazolyles, la modélisation par affinement joint montre que la majorité du spin est porté par le groupement –CNSSN en accord avec les travaux antérieurs. Grace aux propriétés topologiques de la densité de charge, des interactions halogène, chalcogène et π ont été mis en évidence. Certaines de ces interactions favorisent des couplages magnétiques, notamment les contacts S…N2 entre molécules voisines pouvant contribuer à l’ordre ferromagnétique observé à très basse température (1.3K). Quant au matériau inorganique, YTiO3, les densités de charge en phases paramagnétique et ferromagnétique ont été déterminées ainsi que la densité de spin dans la phase ferromagnétique. Les résultats de cette étude montrent que les orbitales d les plus peuplées en électrons de l’atome de Ti sont dxz et dyz.. L’ordre orbital présent dans ce matériau est observé à 100 et à 20 K suggérant que l’ordre orbitalaire est lié à la distorsion des octaèdres. La fonction d’onde de l’électron non apparié est une combinaison linéaire de ces orbitales t2g
X-ray and neutron diffraction methods can be combined to determine simultaneously electron charge and spin densities in crystals based on spin resolved electron density model developed at CRM2. This method enables to carry out the study of interaction paths leading to the observed ferromagnetic order. First applications of this model were to coordination complexes, where the unpaired electron is mainly located on the transition metal, then generalized to explore organic radicals and to inorganic materials. In radical Nit(SMe)Ph, the modeling of the experimental charge and spin densities showed localization of spin density on O-N-C-N-O group (nitronyl -nitroxyde function), in agreement with previous works. It is also evidenced the involvement of the hydrogen bonds in the magnetic interactions leading to the ferromagnetic transition at very low temperature (0.6K). This study revealed dissymmetrical spin population of the two N-O groups that only CASSCF-type calculations can reproduce in amplitude (not DFT). This dissymmetry originates from both molecular and crystal effects. In radical p-O2NC6F4CNSSN belonging to the family of dithiadiazolyl, the joint refinement showed that the majority of the spin is distributed on -CNSSN group in agreement with the previous works. From topological properties of the charge density, halogen, chalcogen and π interactions have been highlighted. The most important magnetic interactions are observed through the network formed by contacts S ... N2 between neighboring molecules leading to the ferromagnetic order below 1.23K. Concerning the inorganic material, YTiO3, the charge densities in both paramagnetic and ferromagnetic phases and spin density were modelled. The results show that the most populated d orbitals of Ti atom are dxz and dyz. The orbital ordering evidenced in this material is observed at 100 and 20 K due to the orthorhombic distorsion. The wave function of the unpaired electron is a linear combination of these particularly populated t2g orbitals
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Martin, Nicolas. "Etude structurale et dynamique de plusieurs systèmes magnétiques par la technique de l'écho de spin neutronique résonant." Thesis, Grenoble, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012GRENY116/document.

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Cette thèse porte sur l'utilisation de plusieurs techniques de diffusion de neutrons polarisés pour la conduite d'expériences de diffraction et de spectroscopie inélastique à haute résolution. Nous décrivons de façon exhaustive l'option à écho de spin neutronique résonant ZETA, installée sur le spectromètre triple axe thermique CRG IN22 à l'Institut Laue Langevin. Grâce à elle, nous étudions la structure nucléaire et la dynamique de spin de plusieurs systèmes modèles. Dans un premier temps, nous nous intéressons à la série BaM2(XO4)2 (M = Co, Ni; X = As, P) dont les membres sont de bons exemples de systèmes magnétiques quasi-bidimensionnels. L'effet de la mise en ordre magnétique sur leurs paramètres de maille est révélé par diffraction de Larmor. De plus, nous montrons que l'évolution thermique de la durée de vie du mode de magnon optique dans BaNi2(PO4)2 est fortement affecté par la présence de défauts dans sa structure. Ensuite, nous abordons le composé à chaînes et échelles de spin 1/2 Sr14Cu24O41. Nous nous focalisons d'abord sur l'étude du pic inélastique associé au gap de spin des échelles et présentons une méthode capable de montrer de façon directe la dégénérescence de la transition concernée. Ensuite, nous évaluons sa largeur énergétique intrinsèque et observons l'effet des différentes mises en ordre de charge sur la structure cristallographique du matériau. Finalement, nous adaptons l'instrumentation disponible pour mener des expériences de réflectométrie résolues en temps, par le biais de la méthode MIEZE, sur une multicouche magnétique pouvant posséder des propriétés intéressante pour des applications en spintronique
This thesis is mainly concerned with the use of several polarized neutron scattering techniques for carrying high resolution diffraction and inelastic spectroscopy experiments. We describe exhaustively our neutron resonant spin-echo option ZETA, installed on the thermal triple-axis spectrometer CRG IN22 at Institut Laue Langevin. Through it, we study the nuclear structure and spin dynamics of several model systems. First, we are interested in the BaM2(XO4)2 (M = Co, Ni; X = As, P)-family which members are good prototypes of quasi-2D magnetic systems. The effect of magnetic ordering on lattice constants is revealed thanks to Larmor diffraction. Moreover, we show that the thermal evolution of optic magnon lifetime in BaNi2(PO4)2 is strongly affected by the presence of defects in its structure. Then, we address the spin-chain and -ladder compound Sr14Cu24O41. We first focus on the study of the inelastic peak associated with the spin gap in the ladders spectrum and introduce a method capable of showing directly the degeneracy of the associated spin transition. We also evaluate its intrinsic linewidth and observe the effect of different charge ordering process on the material crystallographic structure. Ultimately, we adapt our instrumentation to perform time-resolved reflectometry experiments on a magnetic multilayer which can possess interesting properties for spintronics applications, through the so-called MIEZE technique
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Lopez, Isabelle. "« Développement d'un système universel de coulée d'alliages dentaires par centrifugation axiale à très haute vitesse sous vide secondaire »." Thesis, Reims, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013REIMO201.

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La fabrication de prothèses dentaires à base de titane a connu un réel essor ces dernières années. Cependant, la production de ces produits reste assez coûteuse, et le choix de producteurs est encore restreint. Les partenaires du projet de recherche Européen Den-ticast® ont identifié un fort potentiel pour la création d'une machine innovante, capable de produire ces pièces à un coût réduit et à un niveau de qualité élevé. Le projet est axé sur le domaine de la production de pièces de métal pour l'usage dentaire, avec comme objectif, le développement d'un nouveau système polyvalent de coulée des alliages, qui doit permettre de couler l'ensemble des alliages dentaires actuellement commercialisés (NiCr, CoCr), mais aussi le titane et ses alliages. Le prototype Denticast® associe, pour la première fois, la fusion par induction et l'injection par centrifugation à haute vitesse, sous vide secondaire. Entièrement programmable, cette machine doit pouvoir évoluer en fonction du développement de nouveaux alliages sur le marché dentaire.Ce projet réunit des partenaires européens de 3 pays différents (France, Allemagne, Italie) et 3 secteurs d'activité : industriel, académique et odontologique, de sorte que chacun ap-porte un aspect complémentaire au projet. Il comporte 3 phases principales : une phase d'étude, une phase de conception et une phase d'évaluation du prototype.Nos résultats montrent que Denticast® est capable de produire des pièces à usage dentaire de qualité, à grains fins et homogènes, avec un niveau de contrainte résiduelle relativement bas, et une fraction volumique de porosité faible. Les caractéristiques mécaniques sont globalement supérieures ou équivalentes aux systèmes commerciaux du marché
Although the manufacture of titanium dental prostheses has experienced a real rise in the last years, the production of those products remains quite expensive, and the choice of pro-ducers is still limited. The partners of the European research project Denticast® have identi-fied a high potential for the creation of an innovative machine that can produce those dental parts at low cost and high quality level. The aim of this research is the development of a new, innovative and versatile system of casting alloys, which can cast all dental alloys (NiCr, CoCr) as well as titanium and its alloys. The prototype Denticast® associates for the first time the melting by induction and the injection by centrifugation with high speed under vacuum. Totally preset, this machine should be able to evolve according to the devel-opment of new dental materials.The project combines European partners from 3 different countries (France, Germany and Italy) and three sectors: industrial, academic and dental, so that each of them contributes to the project. It presents three main phases: a study phase, a phase of design and the evalua-tion phase of the prototype.Our results show that Denticast® is able to produce quality parts for dental use with a ho-mogeneous and fine grain, with a low level of residual stress and a relatively low volume of fraction porosity. In most cases, the mechanical characteristics are equal or even greater than other systems on the market at present
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Noor, Faizani M. "Advanced techniques for extracting structural information from neutron diffraction of glasses." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2016. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/82169/.

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The structures of lithium and lead tellurite glasses (Li2O-TeO2 and PbO-TeO2) are studied using the combinations of neutron diffraction, isotope substitution neutron diffraction, and synchrotron X-ray diffraction. Additional complementary methods such as density measurement, thermal analysis and Raman spectroscopy show that the tellurite networks in lithium and lead tellurite glasses exhibit similar behaviour as a function of composition. From the diffraction data, real-space interatomic information on the glasses was extracted. The local environments of Te remain largely unchanged in both glasses if the second content is less than 15 mol%, as reported earlier for K2O-TeO2. For Li2O or PbO contents greater than 15 mol%, however, the average Te-O coordination number changes with composition and differently for the two oxides. A TeO2 Model, which has been successfully applied to K2O-TeO2 glasses, is extended to Li+ and Pb2+. By comparing the total correlation functions of the glasses to relevant crystal phases, the short-range parameters of the crystals can be used to optimise the model for Li+ and Pb2+ and explain the value of the average coordination number of Te. The environments of Li+ and Pb2+ were extracted using isotope substitution neutron diffraction (Li) and complementary neutron–X-ray diffraction (Pb). In the glasses studied (10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 mol% Li2O and 10, 12.5, 15, 17.5 and 20 mol% PbO), both Li+ and Pb2+ behave as modifiers with the average nLiO = 4 – 5 and nPbO = 8 with the distances rLiO and rPbO comparable to crystal phases of similar composition. The structures of lithium and potassium borogermanate glasses are studied using the combinations of neutron diffraction, isotope substitution neutron diffraction, and 11B MAS NMR. From the complementary methods such as density measurement, and Raman spectroscopy, changes are seen to occur in both borate and germanate networks. From 11B NMR, the average B-O coordination number, nBO, in lithium borogermanate glasses is different from nBO in potassium borogermanate glasses of the same stoichiometry and resembles the behaviour of Li+ and K+ in in borosilicate glasses, as described by the Zhong’s lithium borosilicate model and Dell and Bray’s sodium borosilicate model. From neutron diffraction data (null isotope neutron diffraction for lithium borogermanate), the average Ge-O coordination number nGeO is extracted and, like nBO, nGeO in lithium borogermanate is different from potassium borogermanate. In the former, nGeO increases as a function of Li2O, whilst in the latter, nGeO shows a maximum at about 20% K2O. For Li+, the average Li-O coordination number nLiO can be obtained using the difference technique (using diffraction data from samples made with natural and null-scattering lithium isotopes). For the limited samples examined, nLiO was found to have a value of 4 to 5 with two distinct Li-O distances which can be assigned to Li-OB and Li-OGe distances.
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Ridley, Christopher James Taylor. "Development of high pressure and cryogenic techniques, and their application to neutron diffraction." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/28890.

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Neutron diffraction is an extremely powerful technique in condensed matter research; it can be used to measure crystallographic structures, including some of those undeterminable using X-rays. It is also perhaps the most powerful technique for determining magnetic structures, and for probing the strength of magnetic interactions, revealing information beyond that extractable from a magnetometer. High pressure is used by many condensed matter researchers as an additional thermodynamic variable, or tool to perturb otherwise stable systems, and has been used with neutron diffraction for many years. When coupled with low temperatures, this has led to the discovery of an enormous range of non-ambient phases of matter, with a range of exotic properties, some of which are discussed in this thesis. Pressure has a very strong effect on the magnetic properties of a material, with many of the most unusual magnetic phases existing only at extremely low temperatures, or pressures which can only be reached on very small samples. The main topic for this thesis is the study, development, and implementation of new techniques to combine low temperatures, high pressures, and neutron diffraction measurements from micro sized samples. A new pressure cell has been designed, tested, and commissioned with neutron beam time on the WISH diffractometer at the ISIS neutron facility. The cell is compact, with a total mass of approximately 5 kg, and is capable of generating large loads in excess of 4.5 tonnes force. Depending on the sample size used with the cell, the opposed anvil system is capable of generating a range of different pressures beyond what is widely available for low temperature neutron diffraction measurements. To save wasted experimental time in cooling and warming the device, the cell is capable of varying the applied load continuously down to 5 K, whilst the sample pressure can also be measured in-situ using a compact spectrometer system. Obtaining refineable neutron diffraction data from the small samples (< 1mm3) possible in an opposed anvil pressure cell is challenging due to extremely low ratios of signal-to-background when compared with large volume pressure cells. Finite element analysis (FEA) was performed to minimise the mass of the cell, whilst also minimising the amount of supporting material in the beam. Despite this, the signal from the sample is typically very weak; to overcome this, a novel 3D printed device has been designed and tested to collimate extremely small samples, removing much of the background signal from the surrounding material. It has enabled neutron data to be collected from samples an order of magnitude smaller than previously measurable in the cell. To maximise the pressures achievable in the pressure cell, for a given sample volume, an extended FEA study was performed to understand the evolutions of stresses in the cell, and understand the limitations of using sapphire as an anvil material. To complement this work, a compact piston cylinder cell has also been designed for a combination of different measurements. One of the key challenges in high pressure research is in knowing, or ensuring, that the conditions the sample is under are approximately the same for a variety of different measurements. Since different instruments, and techniques, may not allow for the same apparatus to be used between them, this is not always possible. A compact clamped piston cylinder cell has been designed, suitable for in-situ electrical measurements, with additional potential for simultaneous neutron diffraction measurements. The device is demonstrated through an ultrasonic characterisation of the compound UGe2. In addition to the information obtainable from neutron diffraction, much can be learnt from studying the transport properties of a material. This information can be used alongside neutron data to provide a full understanding of how a material behaves. One technique of interest measures how the electrical properties of a material changes under applied magnetic field. This is difficult to achieve under pressure due to the often anisotropic construction of the pressure cell affecting the magnetic field on the sample in different orientations, and the challenge in getting wires to the sample under pressure. This thesis presents the design, and preliminary testing, of an ultra compact high symmetry piston cylinder cell designed to be taken to sub-Kelvin temperatures and rotationally oriented in applied magnetic field. The spherical construction of the cell means that the field on the sample position is, to a very close approximation, identical in all orientations. Finally, this thesis presents a study of the binary alloy Pd3Fe under pressure. Pd3Fe was recently reported to undergo a large-volume collapse under high pressure at room temperature, resulting in near zero thermal expansion]. There are several competing theories on the mechanism behind this process. To investigate further, a series of single crystal Pd3Fe samples were grown, cut, prepared, and extensively analysed. The results of this study suggest that the cause for the large volume collapse may not be magnetic in nature, as previously expected.
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Pisula, Rafal. "Synchroton and neutron diffraction techniques applied to the study of ettringite and cement." Thesis, Birkbeck (University of London), 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.399016.

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Browne, Peter Anthony. "Determination of residual stress in engineering components using diffraction techniques." Thesis, University of Salford, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.365984.

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Ananthaviravakumar, Nada. "Investigation of residual stresses in engineering components using neutron and synchrotron x-ray diffraction techniques." Thesis, University of Salford, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.248906.

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Larsson, Cecilia. "Determination of residual stresses and mechanical properties using neutron, X-ray diffraction, micro- and nanoindentation techniques /." Linköping : Univ, 2003. http://www.bibl.liu.se/liupubl/disp/disp2003/tek856s.pdf.

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Nervo, Laura. "Characterisation of the deformation mechanisms in HCP metals by combined use of X-ray imaging and diffraction techniques." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2015. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/characterisation-of-the-deformation-mechanisms-in-hcp-metals-by-combined-use-of-xray-imaging-and-diffraction-techniques(50fe7be6-4fbf-48e3-86de-942589bb000d).html.

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We envisage a fundamental study of the physical mechanisms (dislocation slip versus deformation twinning) involved in plastic deformation of hexagonal close-packed (HCP) metals like titanium and magnesium. A novel combination of X-ray imaging and diffraction techniques, termed X-ray diffraction contrast tomography (DCT), will be used to investigate details of the deformation process in the bulk of polycrystalline specimen. DCT provides access to the position, 3D shape, (average) orientation and elastic strain tensor of grains in polycrystalline sample volumes containing up to 1000 grains and more. Ultimately, an extension of the X-ray DCT technique is associated with a section topography methodology on the same instrument. This combination enables the measurement of local orientation and elastic strain tensors inside selected bulk grains. A very preliminary study of this approach is carried out on a magnesium alloy, underlying the current limitations and possible improvements of such approach. In this thesis, the data acquisition and analysis procedures required for this type of combined characterisation approach have been developed. The work is supported by the use of neutron diffraction, for an in-situ loading experiments, and two-dimensional electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), for the initial microstructure of the materials and cross-validation of the results obtained with the X-ray DCT technique.
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Books on the topic "Neutron diffraction technique"

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Symposium, on Time-of-Flight Diffraction at Pulsed Neutron Sources (1993 Albuquerque N. M. ). Proceedings of the Symposium on Time-of-Flight Diffraction at Pulsed Neutron Sources: At Albuquerque Convention Center, Albuquerque, NM, May 22-28, 1993. Buffalo, NY: American Crystallographic Association, 1994.

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Allen, A. J., M. T. Hutchings, and V. Rainey. Measurement of Through-thickness Residual Stress in Offshore Steels Using the Neutron Diffraction Technique. AEA Technology Plc, 1986.

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R, Helliwell John, and Rentzepis Peter M. 1934-, eds. Time-resolved diffraction. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1997.

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(Editor), J. R. Helliwell, and P. M. Rentzepis (Editor), eds. Time-resolved Diffraction (Oxford Series on Synchroton Radiation, 2). Oxford University Press, USA, 1998.

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Boothroyd, Andrew T. Principles of Neutron Scattering from Condensed Matter. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198862314.001.0001.

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The book contains a comprehensive account of the theory and application of neutron scattering for the study of the structure and dynamics of condensed matter. All the principal experimental techniques available at national and international neutron scattering facilities are covered. The formal theory is presented, and used to show how neutron scattering measurements give direct access to a variety of correlation and response functions which characterize the equilibrium properties of bulk matter. The determination of atomic arrangements and magnetic structures by neutron diffraction and neutron optical methods is described, including single-crystal and powder diffraction, diffuse scattering from disordered structures, total scattering, small-angle scattering, reflectometry, and imaging. The principles behind the main neutron spectroscopic techniques are explained, including continuous and time-of-flight inelastic scattering, quasielastic scattering, spin-echo spectroscopy, and Compton scattering. The scattering cross-sections for atomic vibrations in solids, diffusive motion in atomic and molecular fluids, and single-atom and cooperative magnetic excitations are calculated. A detailed account of neutron polarization analysis is given, together with examples of how polarized neutrons can be exploited to obtain information about structural and magnetic correlations which cannot be obtained by other methods. Alongside the theoretical aspects, the book also describes the essential practical information needed to perform experiments and to analyse and interpret the data. Exercises are included at the end of each chapter to consolidate and enhance understanding of the material, and a summary of relevant results from mathematics, quantum mechanics, and linear response theory, is given in the appendices.
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Jorgensen, James D., Y. D. Jorgensen, SYMPOSIUM ON TIME-OF-FLIGHT DIFFRACTION, and Arthur J. Schultz. Proceedings of the Symposium on Time-Of-Flight Diffraction at Pulsed Neutron Sciences (Transactions of the American Crystallographic Association). American Crystallographic Association, 1994.

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Krishnan, Kannan M. Principles of Materials Characterization and Metrology. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198830252.001.0001.

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Characterization enables a microscopic understanding of the fundamental properties of materials (Science) to predict their macroscopic behavior (Engineering). With this focus, the book presents a comprehensive discussion of the principles of materials characterization and metrology. Characterization techniques are introduced through elementary concepts of bonding, electronic structure of molecules and solids, and the arrangement of atoms in crystals. Then, the range of electrons, photons, ions, neutrons and scanning probes, used in characterization, including their generation and related beam-solid interactions that determine or limit their use, are presented. This is followed by ion-scattering methods, optics, optical diffraction, microscopy, and ellipsometry. Generalization of Fraunhofer diffraction to scattering by a three-dimensional arrangement of atoms in crystals, leads to X-ray, electron, and neutron diffraction methods, both from surfaces and the bulk. Discussion of transmission and analytical electron microscopy, including recent developments, is followed by chapters on scanning electron microscopy and scanning probe microscopies. It concludes with elaborate tables to provide a convenient and easily accessible way of summarizing the key points, features, and inter-relatedness of the different spectroscopy, diffraction, and imaging techniques presented throughout. The book uniquely combines a discussion of the physical principles and practical application of these characterization techniques to explain and illustrate the fundamental properties of a wide range of materials in a tool-based approach. Based on forty years of teaching and research, and including worked examples, test your knowledge questions, and exercises, the target readership of the book is wide, for it is expected to appeal to the teaching of undergraduate and graduate students, and to post-docs, in multiple disciplines of science, engineering, biology and art conservation, and to professionals in industry.
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Windsor, W. Neutron Diffraction Techniques for Nondestructive Evaluation: Special issue of the journal Nondestructive Testing and Evaluation. Routledge, 1991.

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Glusker, Jenny Pickworth, and Kenneth N. Trueblood. Crystal Structure Analysis. Oxford University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199576340.001.0001.

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This book aims to explain how and why the detailed three-dimensional architecture of molecules can be determined by an analysis of the diffraction patterns obtained when X rays or neutrons are scattered by the atoms in single crystals. Part 1 deals with the nature of the crystalline state, diffraction generally, and diffraction by crystals in particular, and, briefly, the experimental procedures that are used. Part II examines the problem of converting the experimentally obtained data into a model of the atomic arrangement that scattered these beams. Part III is concerned with the techniques for refining the approximate structure to the degree warranted by the experimental data. It also describes the many types of information that can be learned by modern crystal structure analysis. There is a glossary of terms used and several appendixes to which most of the mathematical details have been relegated.
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(Editor), J. Fitter, T. Gutberlet (Editor), and J. Katsaras (Editor), eds. Neutron Scattering in Biology: Techniques and Applications (Biological and Medical Physics, Biomedical Engineering) (Biological and Medical Physics, Biomedical Engineering). Springer, 2006.

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Book chapters on the topic "Neutron diffraction technique"

1

Priesmeyer, Hans G. "Reverse Time-of-Flight Fourier Technique for Strain Measurements." In Measurement of Residual and Applied Stress Using Neutron Diffraction, 329–34. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2797-4_23.

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Ezeilo, A. N., P. S. Webster, G. A. Webster, and P. J. Webster. "Development of the Neutron Diffraction Technique for the Determination of Near Surface Residual Stresses in Critical Gas Turbine Components." In Measurement of Residual and Applied Stress Using Neutron Diffraction, 535–43. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2797-4_45.

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Biggin, Susan. "Neutron Diffraction." In Molten Salt Techniques, 289–315. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-1847-7_5.

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Chieux, P., and J. C. Dore. "Neutron Diffraction Techniques." In Hydrogen-Bonded Liquids, 101–16. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3274-9_8.

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Huot, Jacques, and Radovan Černý. "Neutron Powder Diffraction." In Neutron Scattering and Other Nuclear Techniques for Hydrogen in Materials, 31–89. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-22792-4_3.

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Neov, S., and V. Kozhukharov. "Neutron Diffraction in Amorphous Structures." In Characterization Techniques of Glasses and Ceramics, 220–30. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-03871-0_12.

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Smith, Joseph V., and William L. Brown. "X-Ray and Neutron Diffraction Techniques." In Feldspar Minerals, 121–36. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-72594-4_6.

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Klapper, Helmut. "X-Ray Diffraction Topography: Principles and Techniques." In X-Ray and Neutron Dynamical Diffraction, 137–46. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5879-8_8.

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Loong, C. K., A. Scherillo, and G. Festa. "Scattering Techniques: Small- and Wide-Angle Neutron Diffraction." In Neutron Methods for Archaeology and Cultural Heritage, 183–207. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-33163-8_9.

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Noyan, I. C. "Microbeam Techniques in Diffraction: A Theoretical Treatment." In Measurement of Residual and Applied Stress Using Neutron Diffraction, 353. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2797-4_26.

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Conference papers on the topic "Neutron diffraction technique"

1

Priyanto, T. H., N. Suparno, Setiawan, M. R. Muslih, Abarrul Ikram, Agus Purwanto, Sutiarso, Anne Zulfia, Sunit Hendrana, and Zeily Nurachman. "Texture and Structure Analysis of AluminumA-1050 using Neutron Diffraction Technique." In NEUTRON AND X-RAY SCATTERING 2007: The International Conference. AIP, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2906101.

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Mikula, Pavol, Miroslav Vra´na, Lubos Mra´z, and Leif Karlsson. "High-Resolution Neutron Diffraction Employing Bragg Diffraction Optics: A Tool for Advanced Nondestructive Testing of Materials." In ASME 2008 9th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2008-59174.

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The present paper deals with an efficient use of high-resolution neutron diffraction for material research studies, namely for studies of internal stresses. It is demonstrated that a conventional neutron diffractometer equipped with focusing elements can be used as neutron strain/stress scanner with medium power neutron sources. Principles of this enhanced technique are introduced and an example of internal strain/stress measurements in the vicinity of welds is presented.
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Putra, T. Y. S. Panca, A. Insani, H. Mugirahardjo, R. Kamila, Y. Purwamargapratala, Sudaryanto, and W. Honggowiranto. "Evaluation of LFP battery performed by high-resolution neutron diffraction technique." In PROCEEDINGS OF THE 4TH INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON METALLURGY AND MATERIALS (ISMM2020): Accelerating Research and Innovation on Metallurgy and Materials for Inclusive and Sustainable Industry. AIP Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0059998.

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Muslih, M. Refai, I. Sumirat, Sairun, Purwanta, Abarrul Ikram, Agus Purwanto, Sutiarso, Anne Zulfia, Sunit Hendrana, and Zeily Nurachman. "Internal Stress Distribution Measurement of TIG Welded SUS304 Samples Using Neutron Diffraction Technique." In NEUTRON AND X-RAY SCATTERING 2007: The International Conference. AIP, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2906103.

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Goudar, D. M., S. Hossain, C. E. Truman, and D. J. Smith. "Uncertainty in Residual Stress Measurements." In ASME 2008 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2008-61343.

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Accurate characterization of residual stress in engineering components is important in structural integrity assessment. Two commonly used methods of measuring residual stress include the neutron diffraction technique and the deep-hole drilling (DHD) technique. The former is a well-known nondestructive measurement method and the latter is a semi-invasive technique which is readily available and portable. Both these measurement techniques depend on a number of physical quantities and are therefore sensitive to errors associated with the measured data. The resulting stress uncertainties can easily become significant and compromise the usefulness of the results or lead to misinterpretation of the behaviour of stress distribution. This paper describes briefly the error analysis for both techniques. Results from earlier neutron diffraction and deep hole drilling measurements are used to illustrate the errors. It is found that the average error for both techniques is about ±20MPa. In the case of the neutron diffraction method this error is acceptable for path lengths less than a few centimetres. At greater path lengths the errors become unacceptably large. In contrast the error in the DHD is independent of depth.
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Avianti, H., Fitriana, A. Insani, and S. Suasmoro. "Study of structure and oxygen stoichiometry of Cu-doped Ba0.5Sr0.5FeΟ3-δ by neutron diffraction technique." In INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON TRENDS IN MATERIAL SCIENCE AND INVENTIVE MATERIALS: ICTMIM 2020. AIP Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0014870.

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Taran, Yuri V., Gianni Albertini, Giovanni Bruno, Federico Cernushi, and Franco Rustichelli. "Residual stress investigations of a ferritic steel welded plate by a nondestructive neutron diffraction technique." In International Workshop on Nondestructive Testing and Computer Simulations in Science and Engineering, edited by Alexander I. Melker. SPIE, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.347451.

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Asmi, D., I. M. Low, B. O'Connor, Abarrul Ikram, Agus Purwanto, Sutiarso, Anne Zulfia, Sunit Hendrana, and Zeily Nurachman. "Phase Compositions of Self Reinforcement Al[sub 2]O[sub 3]∕CaAl[sub 12]O[sub 19] Composite using X-ray Diffraction Data and Rietveld Technique." In NEUTRON AND X-RAY SCATTERING 2007: The International Conference. AIP, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2906057.

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Paradowska, Anna M., John W. H. Price, Trevor R. Finlayson, Ronald B. Rogge, Ronald L. Donaberger, and Raafat Ibrahim. "Comparison of Neutron Diffraction Residual Stress Measurements of Steel Welded Repairs With Current Fitness-for-Purpose Assessments." In ASME 2008 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2008-61795.

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In this research the neutron diffraction technique was used to investigate the residual stress distributions in carbon steel components with weld repairs. Two full penetration weld repairs were studied using a) the stringer bead and b) the temper bead weld techniques in 25 mm thick plate. The welds were not post weld heat treated. The focus of the measurements is on the values of the sub-surface and through-thickness strain/stress variation near the middle of the weld and the toe. The experimental results showed that both processes had high residual stresses particularly through the thickness. The measurements were compared with current fitness-for-purpose approaches, such as BS7910 and R6 showing that these approaches underestimated and overestimated the stresses in various regions.
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Putra, Putu Eka Dharma, Malik Anjelh Baqiya, Resky Irfanita, Andon Insani, and Darminto. "Observation of weak magnetic feature in the partially reduced T’-Pr2-xCexCuO4 powders by using neutron diffraction technique." In THE 4TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON NUCLEAR ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES AND SCIENCES (ICoNETS) 2021. AIP Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0093936.

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