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Academic literature on the topic 'Neurones moteurs – Propriétés mécaniques'
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Journal articles on the topic "Neurones moteurs – Propriétés mécaniques"
Ithurralde, Guillaume, and Franck Maurel. "Inspection Ultrasonore Robotisée de Pièces Composites." e-journal of nondestructive testing 28, no. 9 (September 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.58286/28516.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Neurones moteurs – Propriétés mécaniques"
Sénépart, Océane. "Challenges in surface energy modulations for (moto)neurons axonal growth." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022SORUS455.
Full textTo create functional neuronal circuit units, axons during nervous system development and/or regeneration are subjected to guidance signals. Their expressions occur in spatio-temporal variation and are translated by the growth cone into a pathway to reach the connecting target. Their targets can be a neuron or a muscle cell, depending on the type of neuron. This path is generated by interactions with the surrounding environment such as cells or other substrates of which are the extracellular matrices. Understanding these interactions with the substrate would allow us to mimic them in innovative biomaterials and/or implants. We chose to focus on motoneuron axonal repair after trauma in this study. Indeed, after a nerve injury or cut, the axon that was cut will undergo a non-targeted and slow regeneration in the peripheral nervous system. The specificity of this nervous system part is the size of its axons that will slow the recovery speed down and multiply the possible uneffective regrowth routes because they are usually very long. Thus, a solution must be found to accelerate and guide the axonal regeneration. We propose to study the effect of an exogenous electric field on axonal regrowth as a preliminary study to the creation of an electroactive neuro-implant. The originality of the project lies in the contactless stimulation method : the cells are not in direct contact with the electrodes, and the innovative electrode geometry : the global field is null, with no conduction to prevent electrolysis and pH increase. This configuration gives access to the direct electric field impact on the cells without parasitic interactions. To start, understanding the mechanisms underlying the interactions between the cells and the electric field is necessary and the choice is made to start with in-vitro tests in 2D cell culture. After evaluating the motoneuron mechanical properties, a contactless stimulation device is designed and a protocol to stimulate PC12 cells is determined. The protocol is tested on two motoneurons cell lines : MN1 and NSC34 to improve its parameters, such as stimulation voltage and duration, and the electric field effect on the adhesion surface is assessed with CST simulation and contact angle measurements. The stimulation impact on MN1 and NSC34 cell lines is evaluated with several tests such as neurite size, neurite orientation and surface occupied by the cells and the results are observed thanks to immunohistochemistry. A conclusion is made on the capacity of the EF to influence different motoneuron cell lines by increasing their neurite sizes, orientate them and improve their adhesion to the substrate. This work illustrates the possibility to use a contactless electric field to accelerate and guide the axon growth and allows us to elucidate the mechanisms behind the impact of it on the cells and the substrate
Zheng, Yu. "Etude intracellulaire des propriétés électrophysiologiques et morphologiques des neurones des centres respiratoires chez le rat." Aix-Marseille 3, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990AIX30037.
Full textGrélot, Laurent. "Etude neurobiologique de la rythmogénèse respiratoire chez le chat : circuits neuroniques et propriétés membranaires des neurones." Aix-Marseille 3, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989AIX3A006.
Full textLauney, Thomas. "Propriétés des récepteurs aux acides aminés excitateurs exprimés par les motoneurones crâniens de rat, en culture organotypique." Aix-Marseille 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998AIX11027.
Full textMintz, Isabelle. "Analyse in vitro des propriétés membranaires actives des motoneurones de tortue et de leur contribution aux oscillations induites par l'acide N-méthyl-D-aspartique et les agonistes muscariniques." Paris 6, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA066530.
Full textEscola, Ludovic. "Propriétés fonctionnelles des neurones de l'aire motrice supplémentaire chez le singe normal et parkinsonien." Bordeaux 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002BOR28978.
Full textPlaçais, Pierre-Yves. "Propriétés mécaniques de la myosine II in vitro : de la molécule unique aux effets collectifs." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00410100.
Full textNous avons construit un dispositif reproduisant in vitro une configuration semblable. Nous avons observé qu'une assemblée de myosines II musculaires, consommant de l'ATP en interagissant avec un filament d'actine, et soumise à une force de rappel élastique exercée par une pince optique, est un système minimal capable d'osciller spontanément. La relation force-vitesse du système présente un comportement non-monotone lié à l'activité des moteurs. Cette propriété fournit un mécanisme pour interpréter les oscillations spontanées, comme il l'a été suggéré par différentes études théoriques antérieures.
Par ailleurs, des expériences préliminaires à l'échelle de la molécule individuelle indiquent que la raideur de l'accrochage actine-myosine II pourrait dépendre de la tension imposée au filament d'actine. Cette propriété pourrait expliquer les écarts entre les raideurs mesurées in vitro et estimées à partir d'expériences sur les fibres musculaires.
Broszniowski, François. "Influence d'additifs cristallins basiques sur les propriétés d'un lubrifiant." Aix-Marseille 3, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994AIX30071.
Full textSawan, Khaled. "Optimisation d'un outillage acier rechargé en superalliage pour forge à chaud." Toulouse, INSA, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994ISAT0039.
Full textKnapp, Thomas Alarich. "Étude structurale d'un avion de voyage, de formule canard, en matériaux composites." Toulouse, ENSAE, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990ESAE0008.
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