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Journal articles on the topic 'Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 28 January 2023

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1

Wingerchuk, Dean M., and Claudia F. Lucchinetti. "Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder." New England Journal of Medicine 387, no. 7 (August 18, 2022): 631–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/nejmra1904655.

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2

Beekman, Janine, Aysha Keisler, Omar Pedraza, Masayuki Haramura, Athos Gianella-Borradori, Eliezer Katz, John N. Ratchford, et al. "Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder." Neurology - Neuroimmunology Neuroinflammation 6, no. 4 (June 20, 2019): e580. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/nxi.0000000000000580.

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ObjectiveTo gain insights into NMOSD disease impact, which may negatively affect QoL of patients, their families, and social network.MethodsThe current study used validated instruments to assess physical, emotional, and socioeconomic burden of NMOSD on QoL among 193 patients.ResultsA majority of patients reported an initial diagnosis of a disease other than NMOSD. Overall, two-thirds of patients reported NMOSD as having a strong negative impact on physical health (Short Form-36 [SF-36] score 27.1 ± 39.1), whereas emotional well-being was relatively unimpaired on average (SF-36 score 54.0 ± 44.9). A subset of patients reported having the highest category of emotional health despite worse physical health or financial burden, suggesting psychological resilience. Pain (r = 0.61) and bowel/bladder dysfunction (r = 0.41) imposed the greatest negative physical impact on overall QoL. In turn, ability to work correlated inversely with worsened health (r = −0.68). Increased pain, reduced sexual function, inability to work, and reduced QoL had greatest negative impacts on emotional well-being. Dissatisfaction with treatment options and economic burden correlated inversely with QoL.ConclusionsCollectively, the current findings advance the understanding of physical, emotional, social, and financial tolls imposed by NMOSD. These insights offer potential ways to enhance QoL by managing pain, enhancing family and social networks, and facilitating active employment.

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Brody, Judith, Mark A. Hellmann, Romain Marignier, Itay Lotan, and Hadas Stiebel-Kalish. "Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder." Journal of Neuro-Ophthalmology 36, no. 4 (December 2016): 356–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/wno.0000000000000403.

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4

Kim, Jee-Eun, Sang-Hyun Park, Kyungdo Han, Ho Jin Kim, Dong-Wook Shin, and Sung-Min Kim. "Prevalence and incidence of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder and multiple sclerosis in Korea." Multiple Sclerosis Journal 26, no. 14 (November 21, 2019): 1837–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1352458519888609.

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Background: The epidemiology of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder and multiple sclerosis varies depending on the region and ethnicity. Objective: To estimate the prevalence and incidence of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder and multiple sclerosis in Korea during 2010–2016. Methods: We analyzed the National Health Insurance research database, which contains single-payer health insurance data collected in Korea. Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder was defined based on the 2006 Wingerchuk criteria (for 2010–2015), and the 2015 International Panel for Neuromyelitis Optica Diagnosis criteria (for 2016). Multiple sclerosis was defined by the 2005 International Panel criteria for multiple sclerosis. Results: In 2016, the age-standardized prevalence per 100,000 persons was 2.56 (95% confidence interval: 2.43–2.7) for neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder and 3.23 (95% confidence interval: 3.08–3.39) for multiple sclerosis. The age-standardized incidence of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder and multiple sclerosis were 0.73 (95% confidence interval: 0.66–0.8) and 0.50 (95% confidence interval: 0.44–0.56) per 100,000 persons in 2016. The prevalence of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder and multiple sclerosis have increased over time during 2010–2016 (18.5% and 5.4% annually; both p-trend < 0.001). The incidence of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder increased annually (10.0%, p-trend < 0.001), while the incidence of multiple sclerosis remained stable. Conclusion: While the prevalence of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder and multiple sclerosis are comparable in Korea, the incidence of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder is higher than that of multiple sclerosis. Both the prevalence and incidence of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder are rapidly increasing in Korea.

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Fragoso, Yara Dadalti, Nise Alessandra C. Sousa, Tania Saad, Soniza Vieira Alves-Leon, Maria Lucia V. Pimentel, Marcus Vinicius M. Goncalves, Carla Vieira Stella, et al. "Clinical Characteristics of Patients With Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders With Early Onset." Journal of Child Neurology 34, no. 9 (April 23, 2019): 487–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0883073819842421.

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Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder is a severe and disabling disease that manifests with severe relapses of optic neuritis, longitudinally extensive myelitis, and/or brainstem syndromes. The disease is complex and, although onset typically occurs in middle age, children and adolescents may be affected. The present study adds to the literature through detailed clinical data from 36 Brazilian patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder starting before age 21. This was a retrospective assessment of medical records from 14 specialized units in Brazil. The results showed that the course of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder was worse in patients with disease onset before the age of 12 years. Gender and ethnic background did not influence disability accumulation. Over a median period of 8 years, 14% of the patients who presented the initial symptoms of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder before the age of 21 years died. In conclusion, the present study adds to the reports from other authors examining the severity of early-onset neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder.

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6

McCreary, M., MA Mealy, DM Wingerchuk, M. Levy, A. DeSena, and BM Greenberg. "Updated diagnostic criteria for neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: Similar outcomes of previously separate cohorts." Multiple Sclerosis Journal - Experimental, Translational and Clinical 4, no. 4 (October 2018): 205521731881592. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2055217318815925.

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Background The specificity of the aquaporin-4 antibody to predict recurrent inflammatory central nervous system disease has led to the design of the 2015 neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder criteria which capture all aquaporin-4 antibody seropositive patients. Objective The purpose of this study was to compare treatment outcomes in aquaporin-4 antibody seropositive patients who met the previous 2006 clinical criteria for neuromyelitis optica with patients who meet the 2015 neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder criteria. Methods The study involved a three-center retrospective chart review of clinical outcomes among aquaporin-4 patients diagnosed with neuromyelitis optica and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder. Results Hazard ratios of relapse during immunosuppressive therapy, relative to pre-therapy, were not significantly different for patients who met the 2006 criteria of neuromyelitis optica versus the 2015 neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder criteria among those treated with azathioprine ( p = 0.24), mycophenolate mofetil ( p = 0.63), or rituximab ( p = 0.97). Conclusion Reductions in the hazard of relapse during treatment with immunosuppressive therapies, relative to average pre-treatment, were not different for aquaporin-4 antibody seropositive patients categorized using the 2006 criteria of neuromyelitis optica and the 2015 neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder criteria. These therapeutic findings support the design of the 2015 neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder criteria which capture all aquaporin-4 antibody seropositive patients.

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7

Ściegienna-Zdeb, Grażyna, and Marta Mierzwa-Molenda. "Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder – case report." Medical Studies 1 (2016): 45–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5114/ms.2016.58805.

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8

Verma, Rajesh, and Chetan Kumar. "Tumefactive Demyelination Associated with Bilateral Optic Neuritis in Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders." Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice 10, no. 04 (October 2019): 693–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-3399614.

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AbstractTumefactive demyelination is an uncommon neurological disorder mimicking tumors. It is one of the rare varieties of demyelinating disorders, often causing diagnostic dilemma among neuroscientists. The literature tells us about approaching these patients added by peculiar neuroimaging findings. Neuromyelitis optica is an immune mediated inflammatory clinical disorder, typically involving optic nerves bilaterally and longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis. With the revelation of aquaporin four channels, its distribution in the brain and related antibody, the concept of neuromyelitis optica spectra disorders has been evolved. In this case report, our intention is to present a young female who presented with bilateral vision loss with tumor-like mass lesion in cerebral cortex. Such an association of bilateral optic neuropathy involving chiasmatic region, suggestive of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) with tumefactive demyelination is rarely reported in the literature.

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9

Uzawa, Akiyuki, Masahiro Mori, Saeko Masuda, Kazuhiko Aoe, and Satoshi Kuwabara. "Relapse of Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder Associated with Intravenous Lidocaine." Case Reports in Medicine 2011 (2011): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/405837.

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Lidocaine unmasks silent symptoms and eases neuropathic pain in multiple sclerosis patients; however, the effects of lidocaine in neuromyelitis optica have never been reported. We describe the case of a 59-year-old Japanese woman with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder who developed optic neuritis 1 day after intravenous lidocaine injection for treating allodynia. Her symptom seemed to result from a relapse of neuromyelitis optica induced by lidocaine administration, and not because of the transient effects of intravenous lidocaine administration. The possibility that lidocaine administration results in relapse of neuromyelitis optica due to its immunomodulating effects cannot be ruled out.

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10

Nakashima, Ichiro. "II. Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder." Nihon Naika Gakkai Zasshi 110, no. 8 (August 10, 2021): 1568–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2169/naika.110.1568.

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11

Raju, GButchi, MLakshmi Lavanya, S. Gopi, TSateesh Kumar, and UAruna Kumari. "Relapsing neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder." Journal of Dr. NTR University of Health Sciences 10, no. 4 (2021): 269. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jdrntruhs.jdrntruhs_65_20.

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12

Sharanabasavaraja, B. M., G. Prashanth, M. M. Kauser, and Vagesh Kumar. "Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder: A Rare Case Report." International Journal of Preclinical and Clinical Research 3, no. 4 (December 27, 2022): 93–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.51131/ijpccr/v3i4.22.45.

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Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is an autoimmune disease that causes demyelination, especially in the optic nerve and spinal cord with typical manifestations of acute optic neuritis and transverse myelitis. 30-year-old male presented with complaints of breathlessness, sudden loss of vision and weakness of all four limbs since 2 days. On neurological examination found weakness in all four limbs with exaggerated deep tendon reflex. Blood tests were within normal limits. He was treated with pulse steroid therapy that is 1gm of methylprednisolone IV for 5 days but no improvement was noted. This is a case of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder which shown no improvement with pulse steroid therapy. Keywords: Neuromyleitis optica, Antibody, Aquaporin-4

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13

Szilasiová, Jarmila. "The neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders." Neurologie pro praxi 20, no. 5 (November 1, 2019): 368–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.36290/neu.2019.059.

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14

Simaniv, T. O., A. V. Vasiliev, L. Sh Askarova, and M. N. Zakharova. "Neuromyelitis optica and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders." Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii im. S.S. Korsakova 119, no. 10 (2019): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.17116/jnevro20191191035.

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15

Marignier, Romain, Alvaro Cobo Calvo, and Sandra Vukusic. "Neuromyelitis optica and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders." Current Opinion in Neurology 30, no. 3 (June 2017): 208–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/wco.0000000000000455.

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16

Ghosh, Ritwik, Souvik Dubey, Subhankar Chatterjee, and Durjoy Lahiri. "‘Twenty syndrome’ in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder." BMJ Case Reports 13, no. 9 (September 2020): e234450. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2020-234450.

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A 30-year-old woman presented with recurrent hiccups, vomiting and painful diminution of vision and gait instability for 1 day. She had one-and-a-half syndrome, bilateral seventh cranial nerve paresis with bilateral symptomatic optic neuritis and left-sided ataxic haemiparesis. We described her disorder as the ‘twenty syndrome’ (11/2+7+7+2+2+½=20). MRI of her brain revealed demyelination predominantly in right posterolateral aspect of pons, medulla and bilateral optic nerves. Serum antiaquaporin-4 antibody came out positive. Thus, she was diagnosed as neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD). She responded brilliantly to immunosuppressive therapy. This is the first ever reported case of the ‘twenty syndrome’ secondary to cerebral NMOSD.

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17

Sundar Singh, Daniel, Shailaja Krishnamoorthy, Divya Thirumaran, Ektha Promoth Kumar, and Harshidha Dharmalingam. "Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder (Nmosd): A Rare Report." European Journal of Clinical Medicine 3, no. 4 (August 16, 2022): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/clinicmed.2022.3.4.219.

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Neuromyelitis Optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD), also known as Devic disease, is a chronic disorder of the brain and spinal cord dominated by inflammation of the optic nerve (optic neuritis) and inflammation of the spinal cord (myelitis). We present the case of a 25-year-old female patient who presented with complaints of lower back ache, decreased vision and double vision, generalized body pain, neck pain and vomiting. On examination, Extraocular Movement (EOM) showed right gaze restriction with nystagmus; her serum Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) result was positive; and her MRI showed lesions in the brain. Insight of her presenting illness and investigations, she was successfully treated with IV steroids, plasmapheresis, and immunosuppressive therapy and was neurologically stable. We present this rare case to clinically enlighten the diagnosis and treatment of NMOSD.

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18

Sherman, M. A., and A. N. Boyko. "Epidemiology of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder." Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii im. S.S. Korsakova 121, no. 7 (2021): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.17116/jnevro20211210725.

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19

Sepulveda, Maria, Guillermo Delgado-García, Yolanda Blanco, Nuria Sola-Valls, Elena H. Martinez-Lapiscina, Thaís Armangué, Carmen Montejo, et al. "Late-onset neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder." Neurology - Neuroimmunology Neuroinflammation 6, no. 6 (August 30, 2019): e607. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/nxi.0000000000000607.

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ObjectiveTo describe the clinical features of late-onset (≥50 years) neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (LO-NMOSD), to compare the outcome with that of early-onset (EO-NMOSD), and to identify predictors of disability.MethodsA retrospective, multicenter study of 238 patients with NMOSD identified by the 2015 criteria. Clinical and immunologic features of patients with LO-NMOSD were compared with those with EO-NMOSD. All patients were evaluated for aquaporin-4 (AQP4-IgG) and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG-IgG) antibodies.ResultsSixty-nine (29%) patients had LO-NMOSD. Demographic features, initial disease presentation, annualized relapse rate, and frequency of AQP4-IgG and MOG-IgG did not differ between patients with LO-NMOSD and EO-NMOSD. Among patients with AQP4-IgG or double seronegativity, those with LO-NMOSD had a higher risk to require a cane to walk (hazard ratio [HR], 2.10, 95% CI 1.3–3.54, p = 0.003 for AQP4-IgG, and HR, 13.0, 95% CI 2.8–59.7, p = 0.001, for double seronegative). No differences in outcome were observed between patients with MOG-IgG and LO-NMOSD or EO-NMOSD. Older age at onset (for every 10-year increase, HR 1.63, 95% CI 1.35–1.92 p < 0.001) in NMOSD, and higher disability after the first attack (HR 1.68, 95% CI 1.32–2.14, p < 0.001), and double seronegativity (HR 3.74, 95% CI 1.03–13.6, p = 0.045) in LO-NMOSD were the main independent predictors of worse outcome.ConclusionsPatients with LO-NMOSD have similar clinical presentation but worse outcome than EO-NMOSD when they are double seronegative or AQP4-IgG positive. Serostatus and residual disability after first attack are the main predictors of LO-NMOSD outcome.

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20

Asgari, N., S. T. Lillevang, H. P. B. Skejoe, M. Falah, E. Stenager, and K. O. Kyvik. "Epidemiology of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder." Acta Neurologica Scandinavica 137, no. 6 (May 7, 2018): 626–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ane.12936.

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21

Badihian, Shervin, Navid Manouchehri, Omid Mirmosayyeb, Fereshteh Ashtari, and Vahid Shaygannejad. "Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder and menstruation." Revue Neurologique 174, no. 10 (December 2018): 716–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neurol.2018.01.373.

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22

Zhong, Xiaonan, Yifan Zhou, Tingting Lu, Zhanhang Wang, Ling Fang, Lisheng Peng, Allan G. Kermode, and Wei Qiu. "Infections in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder." Journal of Clinical Neuroscience 47 (January 2018): 14–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jocn.2017.10.005.

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23

Ramakrishnan, Pooja, and Devipriya Nagarajan. "Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: an overview." Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis 80, no. 3 (2020): 256–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.21307/ane-2020-023.

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24

Kim, Su-Hyun. "Bortezomib for Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder." JAMA Neurology 75, no. 1 (January 1, 2018): 128. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamaneurol.2017.3447.

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25

Zhang, Chao, and Fu-Dong Shi. "Bortezomib for Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder." JAMA Neurology 75, no. 1 (January 1, 2018): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamaneurol.2017.3450.

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26

Taylor, Jennifer, and Sarosh R. Irani. "Bortezomib for Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder." JAMA Neurology 75, no. 1 (January 1, 2018): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamaneurol.2017.3454.

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27

Altintas, Ayse, Rana Karabudak, Belgin P. Balci, Murat Terzi, Aysun Soysal, Sabahattin Saip, Asli Tuncer Kurne, et al. "Neuromyelitis Optica and Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder Patients in Turkish Cohort." Neurologist 20, no. 4 (October 2015): 61–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/nrl.0000000000000057.

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28

Dahan, Ariel, Fabienne Brilot, Richard Leventer, Andrew J. Kornberg, Russell C. Dale, and Eppie M. Yiu. "Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder and Anti-Aquaporin 4 Channel Immunoglobulin in an Australian Pediatric Demyelination Cohort." Journal of Child Neurology 35, no. 4 (January 3, 2020): 291–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0883073819895191.

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Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder is uncommon in children, and often seronegative for aquaporin-4 immunoglobulin G (AQP4-IgG). We conducted a retrospective study of 67 children presenting to a single Australian center with acquired demyelinating syndromes over a 7-year period. All patients were tested for AQP4-IgG. Five children (7.5%) had neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder. One child was seropositive for AQP4-IgG (1.5%) and had a relapsing disease course with mild residual deficits. She also had a concomitant motor axonal neuropathy that improved with immunosuppressive therapy. Of the remaining 4 children, 3 had a monophasic course and 1 a relapsing course. Two were tested for anti–myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (anti-MOG) antibody and both were seropositive. This study confirms that neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder is uncommon in children, and that AQP4-IgG seropositivity is rare. Anti-MOG antibodies should be tested in children with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder.

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Kancherla, Harshini, Maheswari S. Kadimella, Ramya Bala Prabha Gelly, and Ramo R. Tadikonda. "Neuromyelitis optica spectrum: a case report." International Journal of Scientific Reports 8, no. 4 (March 23, 2022): 105. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/issn.2454-2156.intjscirep20220752.

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<p class="abstract">Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) or Devic's disease is a rare inflammatory, demyelinating autoimmune disease of the central nervous system that primarily affects women, most commonly in their 30s and 40s. NMOSD has been linked to several different illnesses including autoimmune disorders. Recurrent bouts of optic neuritis, myelitis and brainstem disorders are caused by serum antibodies (Abs) against the aquaporin-4 (AQP4) water channel. No AQP4-Abs are detected in some patients with NMOSD symptoms, but Abs against myelin-oligodendrocyte-glycoprotein (MOG). The term MOG-encephalomyelitis is now commonly used to describe this clinical disorder. Long segments of inflammation in the spinal cord (myelitis), severe optic neuritis and bouts of persistent vomiting and hiccoughs are all characteristics symptoms. This was the case of 30 year old female who presented with a chief complaint of weakness of both lower limbs, unable to walk, tingling and numbness. Based on her MRI findings revealed that the patient was diagnosed with NMO spectrum. She was treated with immunosuppressants and corticosteroids.</p>

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Marshall, Joseph, Iris Kleerekooper, Indran Davagnanam, and S. Anand Trip. "Acute anosmia in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder." Multiple Sclerosis Journal 26, no. 14 (March 31, 2020): 1958–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1352458520907909.

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The cardinal features of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) are optic neuritis, longitudinal extensive transverse myelitis and area postrema syndrome. Olfactory dysfunction is not listed as a feature in the NMOSD diagnostic criteria. Here, we present an aquaporin-4 antibody positive patient who, in addition to classical features of NMOSD, developed acute anosmia with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) evidence of olfactory bulb abnormalities. While the association of anosmia and NMOSD has been rarely noted previously, to our knowledge, no prior cases have found this to be one of the presenting features of a relapse nor have they identified acute radiological correlates.

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Shaw, Benjamin, Ramasamy Srinivasa Raghavan, Graham Warner, and Jacqueline Palace. "‘Cochlear-type’ hearing loss as part of aquaporin-4 neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder." BMJ Case Reports 14, no. 1 (January 2021): e233468. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2019-233468.

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Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder is an inflammatory autoimmune central nervous system condition caused in the majority of cases by aquaporin-4 IgG antibodies. Aquaporin-4 is expressed in the cochlear and vestibular nuclei regions in the brainstem and a handful of cases of retro-cochlear type hearing loss have been documented in the literature. Aquaporin-4 has also been reported within the organ of Corti and the cristae and maculae of the vestibular apparatus. We present a case where there is evidence of peripheral (labyrinthine) rather than central pathology and propose this is due to autoimmune inflammation as part of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder. This is the first case in the literature suggesting a ‘cochlear-type’ hearing loss occurring as part of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder. It raises the possibility of peripheral relapses of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder going unnoticed, resulting in patient morbidity, and highlights the importance of research within this area.

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Kagitani, Maki, Hideto Nakajima, Agasa Oota, Hirohisa Matsuda, Katsuyuki Nagatoya, Takafumi Hosokawa, Shimon Ishida, et al. "Therapeutic apheresis for neuromyelitis optica and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders." Nihon Toseki Igakkai Zasshi 45, no. 5 (2012): 413–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4009/jsdt.45.413.

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33

Alam, Mehtab, Mian Haq, Asif Iqbal, Kaleem Ullah, and Danish Nabi. "Sequential Optic Neuritis: A Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder." Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons Pakistan 29, no. 4 (April 1, 2019): 379–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.29271/jcpsp.2019.04.379.

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34

Gerbis, Natasha, John Parratt, and Christina Liang. "106 Post-traumatic neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder." Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 89, no. 6 (May 24, 2018): A42.1—A42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2018-anzan.105.

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IntroductionNeuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSDs) are immune-mediated demyelinating disorders affecting the brain and spinal cord. There are case-series of post-traumatic multiple sclerosis, but only one case-report previously of post-traumatic neuromyelitis optica.CaseA 57 year old man presented to hospital following a fall down two flights of stairs while intoxicated, and was found on CT to have small bi-frontal subdural haematomas, traumatic subarachnoid haemorrhage, bilateral occipital contusions, and non-displaced fractures through the right parietal bone and bilateral petrous temporal bones. While agitated, he developed subacute onset of visual loss and paraplegia at day 22. An MRI spine at day 12 showed only degenerative changes. However a repeat MRI brain and spine at day 26 revealed enhancing longitudinally extensive optic nerve lesions, indicative of optic neuritis and an extensive segment of intramedullary enhancement within the mid to lower thoracic cord, consistent with longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis. A CSF sample revealed raised protein (9.81 g/L), elevated lactate (3.54 mmol/L), 1 red cell, 41 monocytes. CSF oligoclonal bands, aquaporin 4 antibodies, MOG antibodies, anti-neuronal antibodies and ACE were negative. Serum anti-neuronal antibodies, HTLV-1 and 2 serology, ANA, ENA, ACE, MOG and aquaporin 4 antibodies were also negative. Treatment with iv methylprednisolone, plasma exchange and mycophenolate led to recovery of gait at 2 months and ability to drive by 1 year. Patient remains stable at 2 year follow-up.ConclusionWe report a case of bilateral optic neuritis and longitudinally extensive thoracic transverse myelitis following a traumatic brain injury. The presentation was consistent with an NMOSD and the patient responded to immunomodulatory therapy. The hypothesis is that the traumatic brain injury led to a defect in the blood brain barrier, allowing autoantibodies to enter the CNS and incite inflammation.

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Kim, Woojun, Su-Hyun Kim, So-Young Huh, and Ho Jin Kim. "Brain Abnormalities in Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder." Multiple Sclerosis International 2012 (2012): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/735486.

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Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is an idiopathic inflammatory syndrome of the central nervous system that is characterized by severe attacks of optic neuritis (ON) and myelitis. Until recently, NMO was considered a disease without brain involvement. However, since the discovery of NMO-IgG/antiaqaporin-4 antibody, the concept of NMO was broadened to NMO spectrum disorder (NMOSD), and brain lesions are commonly recognized. Furthermore, some patients present with brain symptoms as their first manifestation and develop recurrent brain symptoms without ON or myelitis. Brain lesions with characteristic locations and configurations can be helpful in the diagnosis of NMOSD. Due to the growing recognition of brain abnormalities in NMOSD, these have been included in the NMO and NMOSD diagnostic criteria or guidelines. Recent technical developments such as diffusion tensor imaging, MR spectroscopy, and voxel-based morphometry reveal new findings related to brain abnormalities in NMOSD that were not identified using conventional MRI. This paper focuses on the incidence and characteristics of the brain lesions found in NMOSD and the symptoms that they cause. Recent studies using advanced imaging techniques are also introduced.

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36

Costello, Fiona. "Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders." CONTINUUM: Lifelong Learning in Neurology 28, no. 4 (August 2022): 1131–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/con.0000000000001168.

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Huda, Saif, Dan Whittam, Maneesh Bhojak, Jayne Chamberlain, Carmel Noonan, Anu Jacob, and Rachel Kneen. "Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders." Clinical Medicine 19, no. 2 (March 2019): 169–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.7861/clinmedicine.19-2-169.

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Sepúlveda, Maria, Thaís Armangué, Nuria Sola-Valls, Georgina Arrambide, José E. Meca-Lallana, Celia Oreja-Guevara, Mar Mendibe, et al. "Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders." Neurology - Neuroimmunology Neuroinflammation 3, no. 3 (April 14, 2016): e225. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/nxi.0000000000000225.

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Sand, Ilana Katz. "Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders." CONTINUUM: Lifelong Learning in Neurology 22, no. 3 (June 2016): 864–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/con.0000000000000337.

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Wingerchuk, Dean M. "NEUROMYELITIS OPTICA SPECTRUM DISORDERS." CONTINUUM: Lifelong Learning in Neurology 16 (October 2010): 105–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/01.con.0000389937.69413.15.

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Fujihara, Kazuo. "Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders." Current Opinion in Neurology 32, no. 3 (June 2019): 385–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/wco.0000000000000694.

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Akaishi, Tetsuya, Ichiro Nakashima, Douglas Kazutoshi Sato, Toshiyuki Takahashi, and Kazuo Fujihara. "Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders." Neuroimaging Clinics of North America 27, no. 2 (May 2017): 251–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nic.2016.12.010.

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Karri, Madhavi, Balakrishnan Ramasamy, Santhosh Perumal, and Karthik Thamarai Kannan. "Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder mimicking Wernicke’s encephalopathy." Journal of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh 50, no. 3 (September 2020): 305–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4997/jrcpe.2020.320.

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Mireles-Ramírez, Mario A., Fernando Cortes-Enríquez, Edgar R. Valdivia-Tangarife, Nayely A. Sanchez-Rosales, Martha R. Hernandez-Preciado, Carlos H. Gonzalez-Rodriguez, José J. García-Rivera, and Miguel A. Macias-Islas. "Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder in Western Mexico." Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders 61 (May 2022): 103733. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msard.2022.103733.

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Yaregal, Samson, Nebiyu Bekele, Yonathan Gebrewold, and Abilo Tadesse. "Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder: A Case Report." International Medical Case Reports Journal Volume 14 (September 2021): 643–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/imcrj.s334362.

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Song, Yijun, Liping Pan, Ying Fu, Na Sun, Yu-Jing Li, Hao Cai, Lei Su, Yi Shen, Linyang Cui, and Fu-Dong Shi. "Sleep abnormality in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder." Neurology - Neuroimmunology Neuroinflammation 2, no. 3 (April 16, 2015): e94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/nxi.0000000000000094.

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Seok, Hung Youl, Seong Hwa Jang, and Sooyeoun You. "Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder Presenting with Pseudoathetosis." Journal of Clinical Neurology 14, no. 1 (2018): 123. http://dx.doi.org/10.3988/jcn.2018.14.1.123.

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Levy, Michael, Kazuo Fujihara, and Jacqueline Palace. "New therapies for neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder." Lancet Neurology 20, no. 1 (January 2021): 60–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1474-4422(20)30392-6.

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Ghosh, Ritwik, Souvik Dubey, Biman Kanti Ray, Siktha Purkait, Alak Pandit, and Julián Benito-León. "Isolated opsoclonus heralding neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder." Journal of Neuroimmunology 348 (November 2020): 577394. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jneuroim.2020.577394.

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Matsusue, Eiji, Yoshio Fujihara, Yutaka Suto, Shotaro Takahashi, Kenichiro Tanaka, Hiroyuki Nakayasu, Kazuhiko Nakamura, and Toshihide Ogawa. "Three cases of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder." Acta Radiologica Open 5, no. 5 (May 2016): 205846011664145. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2058460116641456.

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