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Academic literature on the topic 'Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder"

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Wingerchuk, Dean M., and Claudia F. Lucchinetti. "Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder." New England Journal of Medicine 387, no. 7 (August 18, 2022): 631–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/nejmra1904655.

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Beekman, Janine, Aysha Keisler, Omar Pedraza, Masayuki Haramura, Athos Gianella-Borradori, Eliezer Katz, John N. Ratchford, et al. "Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder." Neurology - Neuroimmunology Neuroinflammation 6, no. 4 (June 20, 2019): e580. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/nxi.0000000000000580.

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ObjectiveTo gain insights into NMOSD disease impact, which may negatively affect QoL of patients, their families, and social network.MethodsThe current study used validated instruments to assess physical, emotional, and socioeconomic burden of NMOSD on QoL among 193 patients.ResultsA majority of patients reported an initial diagnosis of a disease other than NMOSD. Overall, two-thirds of patients reported NMOSD as having a strong negative impact on physical health (Short Form-36 [SF-36] score 27.1 ± 39.1), whereas emotional well-being was relatively unimpaired on average (SF-36 score 54.0 ± 44.9). A subset of patients reported having the highest category of emotional health despite worse physical health or financial burden, suggesting psychological resilience. Pain (r = 0.61) and bowel/bladder dysfunction (r = 0.41) imposed the greatest negative physical impact on overall QoL. In turn, ability to work correlated inversely with worsened health (r = −0.68). Increased pain, reduced sexual function, inability to work, and reduced QoL had greatest negative impacts on emotional well-being. Dissatisfaction with treatment options and economic burden correlated inversely with QoL.ConclusionsCollectively, the current findings advance the understanding of physical, emotional, social, and financial tolls imposed by NMOSD. These insights offer potential ways to enhance QoL by managing pain, enhancing family and social networks, and facilitating active employment.
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Brody, Judith, Mark A. Hellmann, Romain Marignier, Itay Lotan, and Hadas Stiebel-Kalish. "Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder." Journal of Neuro-Ophthalmology 36, no. 4 (December 2016): 356–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/wno.0000000000000403.

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Kim, Jee-Eun, Sang-Hyun Park, Kyungdo Han, Ho Jin Kim, Dong-Wook Shin, and Sung-Min Kim. "Prevalence and incidence of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder and multiple sclerosis in Korea." Multiple Sclerosis Journal 26, no. 14 (November 21, 2019): 1837–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1352458519888609.

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Background: The epidemiology of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder and multiple sclerosis varies depending on the region and ethnicity. Objective: To estimate the prevalence and incidence of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder and multiple sclerosis in Korea during 2010–2016. Methods: We analyzed the National Health Insurance research database, which contains single-payer health insurance data collected in Korea. Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder was defined based on the 2006 Wingerchuk criteria (for 2010–2015), and the 2015 International Panel for Neuromyelitis Optica Diagnosis criteria (for 2016). Multiple sclerosis was defined by the 2005 International Panel criteria for multiple sclerosis. Results: In 2016, the age-standardized prevalence per 100,000 persons was 2.56 (95% confidence interval: 2.43–2.7) for neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder and 3.23 (95% confidence interval: 3.08–3.39) for multiple sclerosis. The age-standardized incidence of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder and multiple sclerosis were 0.73 (95% confidence interval: 0.66–0.8) and 0.50 (95% confidence interval: 0.44–0.56) per 100,000 persons in 2016. The prevalence of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder and multiple sclerosis have increased over time during 2010–2016 (18.5% and 5.4% annually; both p-trend < 0.001). The incidence of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder increased annually (10.0%, p-trend < 0.001), while the incidence of multiple sclerosis remained stable. Conclusion: While the prevalence of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder and multiple sclerosis are comparable in Korea, the incidence of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder is higher than that of multiple sclerosis. Both the prevalence and incidence of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder are rapidly increasing in Korea.
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Fragoso, Yara Dadalti, Nise Alessandra C. Sousa, Tania Saad, Soniza Vieira Alves-Leon, Maria Lucia V. Pimentel, Marcus Vinicius M. Goncalves, Carla Vieira Stella, et al. "Clinical Characteristics of Patients With Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders With Early Onset." Journal of Child Neurology 34, no. 9 (April 23, 2019): 487–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0883073819842421.

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Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder is a severe and disabling disease that manifests with severe relapses of optic neuritis, longitudinally extensive myelitis, and/or brainstem syndromes. The disease is complex and, although onset typically occurs in middle age, children and adolescents may be affected. The present study adds to the literature through detailed clinical data from 36 Brazilian patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder starting before age 21. This was a retrospective assessment of medical records from 14 specialized units in Brazil. The results showed that the course of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder was worse in patients with disease onset before the age of 12 years. Gender and ethnic background did not influence disability accumulation. Over a median period of 8 years, 14% of the patients who presented the initial symptoms of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder before the age of 21 years died. In conclusion, the present study adds to the reports from other authors examining the severity of early-onset neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder.
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McCreary, M., MA Mealy, DM Wingerchuk, M. Levy, A. DeSena, and BM Greenberg. "Updated diagnostic criteria for neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: Similar outcomes of previously separate cohorts." Multiple Sclerosis Journal - Experimental, Translational and Clinical 4, no. 4 (October 2018): 205521731881592. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2055217318815925.

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Background The specificity of the aquaporin-4 antibody to predict recurrent inflammatory central nervous system disease has led to the design of the 2015 neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder criteria which capture all aquaporin-4 antibody seropositive patients. Objective The purpose of this study was to compare treatment outcomes in aquaporin-4 antibody seropositive patients who met the previous 2006 clinical criteria for neuromyelitis optica with patients who meet the 2015 neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder criteria. Methods The study involved a three-center retrospective chart review of clinical outcomes among aquaporin-4 patients diagnosed with neuromyelitis optica and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder. Results Hazard ratios of relapse during immunosuppressive therapy, relative to pre-therapy, were not significantly different for patients who met the 2006 criteria of neuromyelitis optica versus the 2015 neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder criteria among those treated with azathioprine ( p = 0.24), mycophenolate mofetil ( p = 0.63), or rituximab ( p = 0.97). Conclusion Reductions in the hazard of relapse during treatment with immunosuppressive therapies, relative to average pre-treatment, were not different for aquaporin-4 antibody seropositive patients categorized using the 2006 criteria of neuromyelitis optica and the 2015 neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder criteria. These therapeutic findings support the design of the 2015 neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder criteria which capture all aquaporin-4 antibody seropositive patients.
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Ściegienna-Zdeb, Grażyna, and Marta Mierzwa-Molenda. "Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder – case report." Medical Studies 1 (2016): 45–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5114/ms.2016.58805.

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Verma, Rajesh, and Chetan Kumar. "Tumefactive Demyelination Associated with Bilateral Optic Neuritis in Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders." Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice 10, no. 04 (October 2019): 693–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-3399614.

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AbstractTumefactive demyelination is an uncommon neurological disorder mimicking tumors. It is one of the rare varieties of demyelinating disorders, often causing diagnostic dilemma among neuroscientists. The literature tells us about approaching these patients added by peculiar neuroimaging findings. Neuromyelitis optica is an immune mediated inflammatory clinical disorder, typically involving optic nerves bilaterally and longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis. With the revelation of aquaporin four channels, its distribution in the brain and related antibody, the concept of neuromyelitis optica spectra disorders has been evolved. In this case report, our intention is to present a young female who presented with bilateral vision loss with tumor-like mass lesion in cerebral cortex. Such an association of bilateral optic neuropathy involving chiasmatic region, suggestive of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) with tumefactive demyelination is rarely reported in the literature.
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Uzawa, Akiyuki, Masahiro Mori, Saeko Masuda, Kazuhiko Aoe, and Satoshi Kuwabara. "Relapse of Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder Associated with Intravenous Lidocaine." Case Reports in Medicine 2011 (2011): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/405837.

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Lidocaine unmasks silent symptoms and eases neuropathic pain in multiple sclerosis patients; however, the effects of lidocaine in neuromyelitis optica have never been reported. We describe the case of a 59-year-old Japanese woman with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder who developed optic neuritis 1 day after intravenous lidocaine injection for treating allodynia. Her symptom seemed to result from a relapse of neuromyelitis optica induced by lidocaine administration, and not because of the transient effects of intravenous lidocaine administration. The possibility that lidocaine administration results in relapse of neuromyelitis optica due to its immunomodulating effects cannot be ruled out.
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Nakashima, Ichiro. "II. Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder." Nihon Naika Gakkai Zasshi 110, no. 8 (August 10, 2021): 1568–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2169/naika.110.1568.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder"

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Combes, Anna Julie Elise. "Brain and cervical cord myelin water imaging in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2018. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/brain-and-cervical-cord-myelin-water-imaging-in-neuromyelitis-optica-spectrum-disorder(7eddb105-165a-430d-853d-cce4bbb20902).html.

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Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is a chronic disease of the central nervous system that primarily affects the optic nerves and spinal cord. Despite similarities with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS), NMOSD was recently recognized as a separate disease entity with different pathophysiological mechanisms and prognosis, and its clinical and imaging features are still being described. This project aims to explore brain and cervical spinal cord pathology in NMOSD by employing myelin water imaging, a magnetic resonance imaging method that has seen several applications in MS research. mcDESPOT is a novel technique based on multicomponent relaxometry that yields several quantitative tissue parameters, including the myelin water fraction, an index of myelin content, and T1 and T2 relaxation times, as well as structural volumetric measures. In this work, a mcDESPOT brain protocol was first acquired across three time points in healthy older adults on a single 3 Tesla scanner. Data on the test-retest reliability of mcDESPOT-derived indices are reported. Brain and cord mcDESPOT datasets were used to characterise focal and diffuse pathology in NMOSD in contrast with healthy controls. Results revealed abnormal parameters in several white matter regions, raising questions about the nature of non-lesional damage in the brain. Investigation of the thalamus showed normal volume, preserved microstructural integrity, and a link with a measure of information processing speed. Finally, cross-sectional and longitudinal measures of myelin content and atrophy in the cervical cord showed differences between NMOSD, MS and control groups. This work brings further evidence to address outstanding questions in NMOSD research regarding the nature and extent of brain involvement, the correlates of cognitive impairment, and the existence of subclinical disease progression between clinical relapses, and supports the use of mcDESPOT as an informative technique in the study of this rare disease in particular, and neurological disorders involving white matter in general.
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Chou, I.-Jun. "Comparative epidemiology and quantitative neuroimaging of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder and multiple sclerosis." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2017. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/47717/.

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Background: Central Nervous System (CNS) inflammatory syndromes represent a spectrum of diseases caused by infiltration of inflammatory cells into the tissue of the brain and spinal cord. They comprise a group of diseases that can be acute or chronic, including optic neuritis, transverse myelitis, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM), neuromyelitis optica (NMO) and its spectrum disorders (NMOSD), clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) and multiple sclerosis (MS). MS is the most common one while NMO/NMOSD is relatively rare although the exact population-based epidemiological parameters are lacking. The distinction of MS and NMO/NMOSD in adult patients and of MS and ADEM in paediatric patients is important for considerations of prognosis and treatment. This thesis aims to differentiate NMO/NMOSD from MS using epidemiology analyses and quantitative magnetic resonance imaging at 7 Tesla. The hypothesis of the thesis is that NMO/NMOSD can be differentiated from MS by disease incidence, prevalence, severity, and the quantitative characteristics of the lesion and non-lesion white matter of the brain. Methods: The thesis firstly employed a comparative epidemiological study to estimate incidence and prevalence of MS and NMO/NMOSD, and to estimate risks for associated comorbidities and mortality between NMO/NMOSD and MS. The thesis then applied two quantitative techniques to compare the white matter lesions and non-lesion white matter (so-called normal-appearing white matter [NAWM]) of both NMO/NMOSD and MS. Results: The results are presented in seven chapters. Chapter 1 provides a general review of CNS inflammatory syndromes. Chapter 2 shows the estimated incidence and prevalence of CNS inflammatory diseases in 2012 using the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD). MS is estimated to be the most prevalent and the NMO/NMOSD the rarest. Chapter 3 shows the case-controlled analytic results on the impact of the burden of comorbidity in MS. The burden is cumulative after MS diagnosis and impacts on patient survival compared to non-MS patients. With an interest of new-onset epilepsy in the course of MS compared to non-MS controls, chapter 4 shows that MS patients have a higher risk of having the first medical recorded epilepsy at and after MS diagnosis. Chapter 5 shows the comorbidity burden in NMO/NMOSD, and estimates the risk for mortality between NMO/NMOSD and age- and gender-matched MS populations. Chapter 6 compares in vivo white matter lesions and NAWM of the brain between adult patients with NMO/NMOSD or MS and healthy subjects using quantitative T1 relaxation time and magnetisation transfer ratio (MTR) magnetic resonance imaging at 7 Tesla. The results show that myelin content of white matter lesions is relatively better-preserved in NMO/NMOSD than that in MS; and they also show some changes in the NAWM of NMO/NMOSD, despite the fact that the metrics of the histogram of both sequences are not different to those in MS. Conclusions: In the UK, NMO/NMOSD is rare with a higher disease severity compared to MS, which is the most prevalent inflammatory disease. In vivo, using T1 relaxation time and MTR imaging at 7 Tesla, the white matter lesions of the brain have more preserved myelin in patients with NMO/NMOSD than in those with MS. There is at least a small proportion of intracranial NAWM having subtle changes in patients with NMO/NMOSD that is detectable, but the changes could not be differentiated from MS in the current study. This thesis helps to better understand the epidemiology of NMO/NMOSD and MS, and MRI detectable changes of lesions and NAWM in NMO/NMOSD.
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Chan, Koon-ho, and 陳灌豪. "Clinical features, diagnosis and immunopathogenesis of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2012. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B48521681.

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Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is a central nervous system inflammatory demyelinating disorders (CNS IDD) characterized by acute myelitis (AM) and optic neuritis (ON), especially clinically severe longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (LETM) and simultaneous bilateral ON. Patients with recurrent AM especially LETM without ON, and patients with recurrent ON without AM may have disorders belonging to the spectrum of NMO, neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD). NMO is likely autoimmune in nature as a significant proportion of patients are seropositive for aquaporin-4 (AQP4) autoantibodies. I studied the clinical features of local Chinese NMOSD patients and their AQP4 autoantibodies seropositivity rates of by indirect immunofluorescence using tissue slides containing primate cerebellum (tissued-based immunofluorescence assay) in patients with 1) NMO, 2) classical multiple sclerosis (CMS), 3) acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM), 4) single attack or relapsing AM, 5) single attack or relapsing ON, and 6) other neurological disorders. The results showed that NMOSD are severe CNS IDD affecting patients with a wide range of onset ages. Chinese NMOSD patients predominantly have relapsing NMO and relapsing LETM with severe attack of LETM and/or ON. The six-year mortality rate of patients with NMO or relapsing myelitis with LETM was about 12%. Two-thirds of patients have poor neurological outcome at a mean duration of 6.0 years. The results confirmed that AQP4 autoantibodies are specific for NMOSD, and detection of AQP4 autoantibodies is clinically useful for early diagnosis of NMOSD and distinction from CMS. I proceeded to study a cell-based immunofluorescence assay using transfected human embryonic kidney cells overexpressing human AQP4 on cell membrane and found that cell-based assay has higher sensitivity than tissue-based assay in detection of AQP4 autoantibodies in NMO (78% versus 61%). As our NMOSD patients frequently presented clinically with severe brainstem symptoms and signs and lesions in brainstem and other brain regions on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), I studied the clinical and neuroradiological characteristics of Chinese NMOSD patients with brain involvement. I found that 59% of NMOSD patients have clinical and/or radiological evidence of brain involvement. Importantly, brainstem is the most frequently affected brain region and 24% of NMOSD patients had clinical manifestation of brainstem encephalitis. I also studied the pathogenicity of AQP4 autoantibodies in the absence of complement activation by passive transfer of IgG isolated from sera of NMOSD patients into mice pretreated with complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA, containing heat-killed mycobacterium tuberculosis) and pertussis toxin (PTx). I observed that pretreatment with CFA and PTx led to breach of BBB in mouse, and IgG isolated from sera of NMOSD patients seropositive for AQP4 autoantibodies led to asymptomatic loss of AQP4 in gray and white matter in mouse spinal cord without inflammatory cell infiltration, demyelination or astrocytic loss in the absence of complement activation (human IgG cannot activate mouse complements). My findings support that 1) AQP4 autoantibodies binding to astrocytic AQP4 per se can cause downregulation of AQP4 in the absence of complement activation, and 2) complement activation with resultant complement activation products play key roles in the inflammation, demyelination and astrocyte cytotoxicity in NMO.
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Oertel, Frederike Cosima [Verfasser]. "Afferent visual system changes in patients with Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders / Frederike Cosima Oertel." Berlin : Medizinische Fakultät Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 2021. http://d-nb.info/122885940X/34.

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Chien, Claudia [Verfasser]. "Spinal cord atrophy measured from cerebral T1-weighted MRI: applications in clinical investigations of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders / Claudia Chien." Berlin : Medizinische Fakultät Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1228860939/34.

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Lo, Yuk-fai, and 盧育輝. "Comparison between tissue-based indirect immunofluorescence andenzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, two detection methods for anti-aquaporin-4 antibodies in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2011. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B46579266.

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Lopes, Catarina Beatriz Pacheco. "Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: contributions for a neuropsychological profile." Master's thesis, 2021. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/134993.

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Objetivo: O espetro da Neuromielite Ótica (NMO) é uma doença rara e a investigação relativa ao funcionamento cognitivo é escassa e não consensual. O objetivo principal é contribuir para a caracterização de um perfil neuropsicológico através da comparação de doentes com NMO, com doentes com Esclerose Múltipla (EM) e controlos saudáveis (CS) em medidas cognitivas, psicológicas e clínicas. Método: Um total de 64 participantes participaram no estudo: 19 NMO, 27 EM e 18 CS. O protocolo neuropsicológico incluiu a versão portuguesa do Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), do Brief International Cognitive Assessment for Multiple Sclerosis (BICAMS) e da Fluência Verbal (Fonémica e Semântica). Adicionalmente, foram usadas a Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) e a Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) para os grupos clínicos. Os dados dos NMO e EM foram recolhidos retrospetivamente. Os CS foram recrutados na comunidade. Resultados: Os NMO apresentaram um desempenho cognitivo significativamente inferior ao dos CS, na velocidade de processamento de informação, concentração, processamento da linguagem e algumas funções executivas, nomeadamente a flexibilidade cognitiva, atenção sustentada e dividida. No entanto, não se verificaram diferenças entre os NMO e EM. Encontraram-se três preditores da disfunção cognitiva (critérios da BICAMS) na NMO e na EM - depressão, duração da doença e nível de incapacidade. Conclusão: O perfil neuropsicológico da NMO encontrado neste estudo é concordante com dados descritos na literatura. Os preditores associados à disfunção cognitiva na NMO e na EM constituem um dado importante para investigação futura e para orientar a intervenção psicológica e cognitiva.
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Lopes, Catarina Beatriz Pacheco. "Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder - contributions for the cognitive profile." Dissertação, 2021. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/134993.

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Cunha, Ana Carolina Lucas. "Treatment of pediatric neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders." Master's thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/97698.

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Trabalho Final do Mestrado Integrado em Medicina apresentado à Faculdade de Medicina
Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) are a group of autoimmune inflammatory and demyelinating disorders of the central nervous system. They are predominantly mediated by an autoantibody targeting the Aquaporin-4 channel (AQP4-IgG). However, some patients are positive for myelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibodies (MOG-IgG), and others are negative for both antibodies. This is an aggressive disease that follows a relapse-remitting course with a relapse-dependent disability, that can be extremely severe. It may lead to blindness, paraplegia, quadriplegia, and even life-threatening respiratory failure. Characteristic clinical manifestations are optic neuritis, longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis and area postrema syndrome, though others may be present. As few studies have been conducted in children, the diagnostic criteria and the treatment approaches are inferred based on adult experience. Thus, this review aims to analyze and summarize all reports on this subject, so that the management of the patients is more evidence-based.Treatment of relapses is, almost consensually, initiated with intravenous methylprednisolone (IVMP), and, in refractory patients, intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) or plasma exchange (PLEX) are tried. Some evidence of IVMP+PLEX as initial therapy is available, with good results. First-line drugs for maintenance treatment are mycophenolate mofetil, rituximab, and azathioprine. There is contradictory evidence on which one should be the first choice. Nevertheless, before resorting to second-line drugs, treatment may be switched between these three drugs. Recently, new drugs have been approved for treatment of NMOSD in adults and may be a promising new line of therapy for children. MOG-IgG positive patients show good results in acute relapse treatment with IVMP+IVIG and maintenance treatment with IVIG. Though it seems that age does not bring significant differences in disease features, this review pointed out that extrapolating adult evidence to children, in terms of therapeutic approaches, might not be as straightforward as it is believed. With this review, we highlight the importance of further research. Since this is a very rare disease, the best way to study its features and treatment efficacy and safety is through multicenter studies. Hence, in order to develop those, an additional effort to share the information of these cases is crucial.
As doenças do espetro da neuromielite óptica (DENMO) são um grupo de doenças autoimunes, inflamatórias e desmielinizantes do sistema nervoso central. São mediadas, predominantemente, por um auto-anticorpo contra o canal da Aquaporina 4 (AQP4-IgG). No entanto, alguns doentes são positivos para o anticorpo contra a glicoproteína oligodendrocítica da mielina (MOG-IgG) e outros são negativos para ambos os anticorpos. Esta é uma doença agressiva, que segue um padrão de surtos e remissões, com consequente incapacidade neurológica dependente dos surtos, a qual pode ser extremamente grave. Pode conduzir a cegueira, paraplegia, tetraplegia e, ainda, falência respiratória potencialmente fatal. As manifestações clínicas características desta doença são a nevrite óptica, a mielite transversa longitudinalmente extensa e a síndrome da área postrema, apesar de outras poderem estar presentes. Tendo em conta o limitado número de estudos realizados em crianças, os critérios de diagnóstico e as estratégias de tratamento são inferidas da experiência adquirida em adultos. Assim, esta revisão visa analisar e sumariar os artigos disponíveis sobre esta matéria, de forma a que o tratamento destes doentes seja baseado na evidência. De um modo quase consensual, o tratamento dos surtos faz-se com metilprednisolona intravenosa (MPIV) e, nos casos refratários, usa-se a imunoglobulina intravenosa (IGIV) ou a plasmaferese. Existe alguma evidência que o uso inicial de MPIV+plasmaferese conduz a bons resultados. Os fármacos utilizados como primeira linha na terapêutica de manutenção são o micofenolato de mofetil, o rituximab e a azatioprina. A decisão de que fármaco utilizar como primeira escolha não é consensual. Contudo, estes três fármacos devem ser experimentados antes de recorrer aos de segunda linha. Foram recentemente aprovados novos fármacos para o tratamento das DENMO em adultos, que podem ser promissores para uso em crianças. Por outro lado, os doentes positivos para MOG-IgG demonstram bons resultados com MPIV+IGIV no controlo dos surtos e com IGIV no tratamento de manutenção. Apesar de não haver uma aparente influência significativa da idade nas características da doença, este trabalho revelou que a extrapolação de dados de adultos para crianças, em termos terapêuticos, pode não ser tão simples quanto seria expectável. Com este trabalho, destaca-se a importância de se realizarem novos estudos. Visto tratar-se de uma doença muito rara, a melhor abordagem para estudar as suas características e a eficácia e segurança da terapêutica seria através de estudos multicêntricos. Portanto, uma divulgação mais alargada destes casos é essencial para que estes possam ser desenvolvidos.
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Freitas, Eduardo Manuel Pinto Ferreira Silva. "Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders associated with other autoimmune diseases." Master's thesis, 2014. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/72977.

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Books on the topic "Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder"

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Wingerchuk, Dean M. Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199341016.003.0023.

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Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is an inflammatory demyelinating central nervous system disease. It has been classically defined as a monophasic, isolated co-occurrence of optic neuritis and transverse myelitis with uncertain relationship to multiple sclerosis. In the past decade, however, NMO has emerged as a distinct disorder associated with serum antibodies that target the astrocyte water channel aquaporin-4, distinguishing it from multiple sclerosis. The specificity of aquaporin-4 antibodies has led to appreciation of a wider spectrum of clinical and neuroimaging features, termed NMO spectrum disorders (NMOSD), than was encompassed by the classic NMO definition. Moreover, immunopathological studies have demonstrated that aquaporin-4 antibodies have pathogenic potential and that the disorder is a primary astrocytopathy with secondary demyelination. This chapter discusses the clinical definition and diagnosis of NMOSD and approaches to management, many informed by rapid advances in the understanding of NMO pathobiology.
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Miller, Aaron E., and Teresa M. DeAngelis. Neuromyelitis Optica. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199732920.003.0005.

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Neuromyelitis optica (NMO), a chronic inflammatory, demyelinating autoimmune disorder of the central nervous system with a predilection for the optic nerves and spinal cord, has long been confused with classical multiple sclerosis. In this chapter, we review the important clinical and radiographic distinctions of NMO and NMO spectrum disorders, and summarize promising new concepts in pathophysiology and therapeutic approaches.
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Schreiner, Teri L., and Jeffrey L. Bennett. Neuromyelitis Optica. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199937837.003.0088.

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Neuromyelitis optica (NMO), or Devic’s disease is an inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system that preferentially affects the optic nerves and spinal cord. Initially considered a variant of multiple sclerosis (MS), NMO is now clearly recognized to have distinct clinical, radiographic, and pathologic characteristics. Historically, the diagnosis of NMO required bilateral optic neuritis and transverse myelitis; however, the identification of a specific biomarker, NMO-IgG, an autoantibody against the aquaporin-4 (AQP4) water channel, has broadened NMO spectrum disease to include patients with diverse clinical and radiographic presentations. This chapter addresses the diagnosis, pathophysiology, and management of the disease.
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Cai, Yu, Yangtai Guan, Wei Qiu, Fu-Dong Shi, and Jodie Burton, eds. Advances in Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders (NMOSD). Frontiers Media SA, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/978-2-83250-175-7.

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Coyle, Patricia K. Immune-mediated Disorders of the Central Nervous System. Edited by Emma Ciafaloni, Cheryl Bushnell, and Loralei L. Thornburg. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190667351.003.0010.

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This chapter reviews pregnancy in multiple sclerosis (MS), neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD), and acute transverse myelitis (ATM) syndrome. MS is a major acquired disease of young adults, with a rising female predominance. MS has no direct negative consequences on fertility or pregnancy. Pregnancy has a profound effect on MS, with decrease in disease activity during the last trimester counteracted by a three-month postpartum increase in disease activity. With the development of disease-modifying therapies, important questions arise about washout periods, the feasibility and risks of treating during pregnancy and breastfeeding, and the potential of treatment-related adverse fetal effects. Fortunately, there is good information to counsel women with MS. Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder (NMOSD) is a neuroimmune channelopathy. It is a distinct disorder from MS. NMOSD disease activity is not favorably affected by pregnancy. The postpartum period has real risk for disabling attacks. This influences recommendations about breastfeeding and how quickly to resume therapy postpartum. Acute transverse myelitis (ATM) syndrome can occur in both MS and NMOSD but can also be due to other disorders. Workup and treatment of ATM during pregnancy is reviewed, as well as implications for delivery.
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Bielekova, Bibiana, Gary Birnbaum, and Robert P. Lisak, eds. Neuroimmunology. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190050801.001.0001.

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This book provides clinical and supporting scientific background on a diverse group of neurological disorders in an expanding field of neurology, that of neuroimmunology. It includes chapters on multiple sclerosis and related disorders in adults and children, neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder, Guillain-Barré syndrome, chronic inflammatory deymyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy and variants, immune-mediated disorders of the neuromuscular junction, inflammatory myopathies, paraneoplastic disorders and autoimmune encephalitities, and neurologic manifestations of systemic immune-mediated diseases. In addition there is an introductory chapter dealing with basic of immunology and another on mechanisms of action of therapies used in neuroimmunologic disorders. The clinical chapters cover epidemiology, pathology, pathogenesis, and pathophysiology of the different diseases along with clinical presentation, diagnostic testing, differential diagnosis, and treatment.
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Freedman, Mark S., and Mohammad Abdoli. The Importance and Utility of Cerebrospinal Fluid Evaluation in the Diagnosis of Central Demyelinating Diseases. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199341016.003.0008.

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This chapter aims to highlight the diagnostic and prognostic value of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) findings in multiple sclerosis with a special consideration of distinguishing it from neuromyelitis optica (NMO) and NMO spectrum disorder. Interpretation of CSF findings in daily clinical practice in patients with MS is thoroughly explained. New advances in CSF analysis and recently identified biomarkers may be helpful for diagnosis, help elucidate disease subtype and activity, or aid in prognosis and monitoring of the response to treatment. Characteristics of CSF changes in different subtypes of multiple sclerosis, clinically isolated syndrome (CIS), and radiologically isolated syndrome (RIS) are discussed. CSF findings in NMO spectrum disease as a diagnostic and differentiating marker are explained separately.
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Matiello, Marcelo, and Tamara B. Kaplan. A Mother Who Could Not See Her Baby. Edited by Angela O’Neal. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190609917.003.0027.

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Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) belong to a group of relapsing neurological syndromes characterized by significant morbidity and mortality due to central nervous system (CNS) inflammation and necrosis. Most patients are seropositive for pathogenic antibodies targeting Aquaporin-4, and while this water channel is mostly expressed on the foot processes of astrocytes, it is also expressed in placental tissues. On planning a pregnancy, patients should be well informed about the increased risk of preeclampsia and miscarriages, and that most medications used to treat NMOSD have potentially severe toxicities to the fetus. There is also increased risk of relapses in the postpartum period, and immunosuppressive agents are the mainstream method of preventing attacks.
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Graham, Andrew, and Clare Galton. Nervous system. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199642489.003.0018.

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Rheumatological conditions may be complicated by a variety of both central and peripheral nervous system disorder. Common complications such as entrapment neuropathies are familiar to rheumatologists but accurate diagnosis of less common neurological disorders may be challenging; careful clinical reasoning is essential, supplemented where necessary by imaging, neurophysiology, and other special investigations including cerebrospinal fluid examination. Complications vary according to the nature of background condition. In rheumatoid arthritis, neurological involvement is typically related to the mechanical consequences of advancing disease; the commonest complications are carpal tunnel syndrome and cervical myelopathy due to atlantoaxial subluxation. By contrast, neurological involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) tends to occur earlier in the disease course, with a much wider range of manifestations. The management of stroke or seizures in SLE is not necessarily any different from that in the general population, unless complicated by the antiphospholipid syndrome. However, less common neurological syndromes may demand more specific investigation and treatment. For example, longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis and recurrent optic neuritis (neuromyelitis optica, or Devic's disease) is frequently associated with antibodies to aquaporin-4, and is highly likely to relapse unless treated vigorously with humoral immunosuppression. Nervous system involvement in vasculitis is common. Finally, not all neurological disorder in rheumatological disease is necessarily due to the underlying condition; neurological complications of disease-modifying therapy are increasingly recognized, in particular central and peripheral nervous system demyelination associated with TNF-α‎ inhibitors.
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Book chapters on the topic "Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder"

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Saadoun, Samira, Vincent T. W. Chang, and Marios C. Papadopoulos. "Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder." In Neuroimmune Diseases, 523–41. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-19515-1_16.

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Galetta, Kristin M., and Marcelo Matiello. "Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders." In Neurorheumatology, 187–95. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-16928-2_19.

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Filippi, Massimo, and Maria A. Rocca. "Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders." In White Matter Diseases, 67–94. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-38621-4_3.

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Wingerchuk, Dean M. "Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders." In Clinical Neuroimmunology, 219–32. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60327-860-7_12.

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Carroll, William M. "Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders." In International Neurology, 365–71. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118777329.ch91.

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Cahill, Jonathan F. "Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders." In Clinical Neuroimmunology, 227–34. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-24436-1_12.

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Weis, Serge, Michael Sonnberger, Andreas Dunzinger, Eva Voglmayr, Martin Aichholzer, Raimund Kleiser, and Peter Strasser. "Demyelinating Diseases: Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder." In Imaging Brain Diseases, 1097–104. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-1544-2_42.

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Wuerfel, Jens, Alex Rovira, Friedemann Paul, and Frederik Barkhof. "Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders (NMOSD)." In Clinical Neuroradiology, 1–17. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-61423-6_71-1.

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Wuerfel, Jens, Àlex Rovira, Friedemann Paul, and Frederik Barkhof. "Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders (NMOSD)." In Clinical Neuroradiology, 769–85. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-68536-6_71.

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Narula, Sona, and Amy T. Waldman. "Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder with Brainstem Presentation." In Pediatric Demyelinating Diseases of the Central Nervous System and Their Mimics, 189–94. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-61407-6_24.

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Conference papers on the topic "Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder"

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Santos, Artur de Paula, Rafael Fusaro Aguiar Oliveira, and Fabrícia Fonseca Simil. "Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder associated with Sjögren's Syndrome." In XXXIX Congresso Brasileiro de Reumatologia. Sociedade Brasileiro de Reumatologia, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.47660/cbr.2022.1847.

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Moslander, C., M. K. McGraw, P. Yau, and S. A. Ghamande. "Symptomatic Narcolepsy: A Case of Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder." In American Thoracic Society 2020 International Conference, May 15-20, 2020 - Philadelphia, PA. American Thoracic Society, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2020.201.1_meetingabstracts.a7628.

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Essado Dantas, Aurivan, Camila Gabriela Xavier de Brito, Ana Luisa Bagno de Almeida, Matheus Fonseca Cardoso, Larissa Maria Oliveira Gonzaga, Samara de Quadros Lobê, Victória Carneiro Dal Moro, and Leandro Augusto Tanure. "SJÖGREN'S SYNDROME AND NEUROMYELITIS OPTICA SPECTRUM DISORDER: CASE REPORT." In Congresso Brasileiro de Reumatologia 2020. Sociedade Brasileira de Reumatologia, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.47660/cbr.2020.17407.

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Sjöberg, A., I. Gunnarsson, and E. Svenungsson. "195 Systemic lupus erythematosus and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders." In LUPUS 2017 & ACA 2017, (12th International Congress on SLE &, 7th Asian Congress on Autoimmunity). Lupus Foundation of America, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/lupus-2017-000215.195.

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Silva Koike, Matheus, André Silva Franco, Isabele Parente de Brito Antonelli, Guilherme Guimarães Moreira Balbi, Karina Fernanda Pucha Aguinsaca, Matheus Dalben Fiorentino, Sandra Gofinet Pasoto, Samuel Katsuyuki Shinjo, and Diogo Souza Domiciano. "Aquaporin 4 antibody–negative neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) associated with Sjogren's Syndrome." In SBR 2021 Congresso Brasileiro de Reumatologia. Sociedade Brasileira de Reumatologia, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.47660/cbr.2021.2060.

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Lechner, Christian, Matthias Baumann, Eva-Maria Hennes, Kathrin Schanda, Markus Reindl, and Kevin Rostasy. "P 855. Epidemiology of Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders in Children and Adolescents." In Abstracts of the 44th Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuropediatrics. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1675982.

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Lechner, Christian, Eva-Maria Wendel, Markus Breu, Ines El Naggar, Kathrin Schanda, Matthias Baumann, Markus Reindl, and Kevin Rostásy. "Results of the ESPED Study “Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders in Children and Adolescents." In Abstracts of the 45th Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuropediatrics. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1698199.

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Martin Nares, E., G. Hernández Molina, and H. Fragoso Loyo. "THU0347 Aquaporin-4 immunoglobulin g antibody positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder and systemic autoimmune diseases overlap syndrome: a single centreexperience." In Annual European Congress of Rheumatology, EULAR 2018, Amsterdam, 13–16 June 2018. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and European League Against Rheumatism, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2018-eular.6173.

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Wronski, Miriam, and Justine J. Wang. "104 Overlapping autoimmunity: a case of concomitant aquaporin-4 and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody positivity in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder." In ANZAN Annual Scientific Meeting 2021 Abstracts. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjno-2021-anzan.104.

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Oliveira, Daniela Gomes Chicre, Isabela Tambelli Pires Cardoso, Carlos Eduardo Garcez Teixeira, Marina Ferreira Simões, Arlete Maria Valente Coimbra, Zoraida Sachetto, and Alisson Pugliesi. "Myelitis with Aquaporin-4 autoantibody in a patient with Sjogren´s syndrome: Neurological Manifestation or coexistence of Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder?" In XXXIX Congresso Brasileiro de Reumatologia. Sociedade Brasileiro de Reumatologia, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.47660/cbr.2022.1928.

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Reports on the topic "Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder"

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Wu, Zhihong, Dong Wang, and Lirong Chen. Association between Sjögren’s syndrome and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder patients : a systematic review and meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, July 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.7.0080.

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Yin, Ziqian, Youjia Qiu, Aojie Duan, Ting Fang, Zhouqing Chen, Jiang Wu, Zhong Wang, and Gang Chen. Different monoclonal antibodies and immunosuppressants administration in patients with Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder: A Bayesian Network Meta-Analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.12.0018.

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Song, Honglu, Yucai Chuai, and Tao Jin. The efficacy and safety of IL-6R inhibitors in treating Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, August 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2020.8.0055.

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You might also be interested in the extended bibliographies on the topic 'Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder' for particular source types:
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