Academic literature on the topic 'Neurological Disorder - Gold Nanoparticle'

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Journal articles on the topic "Neurological Disorder - Gold Nanoparticle"

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Musale, Shubham, and Prabhanjan Giram. "NOSE TO BRAIN DELIVERY: ROLE OF VIRAL AND NON-VIRAL VECTORS FOR NEUROLOGICAL DISORDER." Indian Drugs 58, no. 05 (July 12, 2021): 7–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.53879/id.58.05.12489.

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Nose to brain delivery is an alternative and efficient way of delivery of drugs, protein, peptides, DNA, RNA, and plasmids for improved therapeutics in the treatment of neurological disorders. Nanotechnology enables the use of nanocarriers, such as polymer, lipid, and metal-based for delivery of an active agent to targeted site selectively and minimise other systemic side effects. Viral vectors like herpes simplex, adenovirus, and lentivirus are also used for the delivery of genes to the brain with improved transfection efficiency and transduction process. Metal-based nanomaterials such as gold and super magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles, used for theranostic application for brain-related nose to brain delivery, has proven several advantages and are discussed together with their limitations, in this review in detail.
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Ko, Wen-Chin, Su-Jane Wang, Chien-Yu Hsiao, Chen-Ting Hung, Yu-Jou Hsu, Der-Chen Chang, and Chi-Feng Hung. "Pharmacological Role of Functionalized Gold Nanoparticles in Disease Applications." Molecules 27, no. 5 (February 25, 2022): 1551. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27051551.

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Gold has always been regarded as a symbol of nobility, and its shiny golden appearance has always attracted the attention of many people. Gold has good ductility, molecular recognition properties, and good biocompatibility. At present, gold is being used in many fields. When gold particles are as small as several nanometers, their physical and chemical properties vary with their size in nanometers. The surface area of a nano-sized gold surface has a special effect. Therefore, gold nanoparticles can, directly and indirectly, give rise to different biological activities. For example, if the surface of the gold is sulfided. Various substances have a strong chemical reactivity and are easy to combine with sulfhydryl groups; hence, nanogold is often used in biomedical testing, disease diagnosis, and gene detection. Nanogold is easy to bind to proteins, such as antibodies, enzymes, or cytokines. In fact, scientists use nanogold to bind special antibodies, as a tool for targeting cancer cells. Gold nanoparticles are also directly cytotoxic to cancer cells. For diseases caused by inflammation and oxidative damage, gold nanoparticles also have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Based on these unique properties, gold nanoparticles have become the most widely studied metal nanomaterials. Many recent studies have further demonstrated that gold nanoparticles are beneficial for humans, due to their functional pharmacological properties in a variety of diseases. The content of this review will be the application of gold nanoparticles in treating or diagnosing pressing diseases, such as cancers, retinopathy, neurological diseases, skin disorders, bowel diseases, bone cartilage disorders, cardiovascular diseases, infections, and metabolic syndrome. Gold nanoparticles have shown very obvious therapeutic and application potential.
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Rajendran, Rajalakshmi, Arundhasree Kunnil, Aiswarya Radhakrishnan, Sachin Thomas, and Sreeja Chandrasekharan Nair. "Current trends and future perspectives for enhanced drug delivery to central nervous system in treatment of stroke." Therapeutic Delivery 14, no. 1 (January 2023): 61–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4155/tde-2022-0064.

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Stroke, one of the leading causes of death around the globe, is expected to rise considerably by 2050. The expanding nanotechnology science offers a promising future for medical research treating stroke. Nanomaterials are expanding their application in stroke management by structure and function as in perfluorocarbon, iron oxide nanoparticles, gold nanoparticles, dendrimers, quantum dots, nanospheres, and other organic and inorganic nanostructures. Nanotechnology integrated with stem-cell therapy is a different hit in stroke treatment. Nonetheless, some challenges must be resolved before globalizing the use of nanomaterials in stroke treatment and other neurological disorders.
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Ferreira, João P., Davide Di Bella, Diana Z. Andreotti, Bryan F. Cortes, Maria H. Carvalho, Elisa M. Kawamoto, and Stephen F. Rodrigues. "Gold Nanoparticles Improve Clinical Parameters and Reduce Neurological Alterations in Sepsis-Induced Mice." Journal of Biomedical Nanotechnology 19, no. 1 (January 1, 2023): 182–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jbn.2023.3502.

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Sepsis is a grave systemic condition that affects several organs and is caused by an infectious disease. Among the organs targeted by sepsis is the brain, a condition named sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE). Epidemiological studies indicate that 25%–70% of sepsis patients develop SAE, presenting acute and chronic symptoms. The main acute symptom is delirium, while chronic symptoms include cognitive impairment, locomotor dysfunction and mood disorders, amongst them, depression. The physiopathology of SAE involves systemic and local actions. Systemically, reduced brain perfusion, hyperglycemia, and activation of the sensory vagus nerve contribute to SAE. Locally, inflammation, enhanced oxidative stress, and enhanced excitotoxicity play vital roles in SAE development. Today, there is no commercially available treatment for SAE. We recently demonstrated that twenty-nanometer citrate-capped gold nanoparticles (cit-AuNP) intravenously injected two or four hours after induction of sepsis could reduce cerebral inflammation in mice. In the present study, we showed that cit-AuNP acutely injected in mice with sepsis exhibited faster clinical symptom resolution and reduced glutamate levels in the brain thirty days after sepsis induction. The acute twenty-nanometer cit-AuNP treatment also prevented depression-like behavior in mice after a sepsis episode. Thus, cit-AuNP therapy may potentially be used to prevent sepsis-induced depression.
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Ajith, Saniha Aysha, Omnia Mohamed, Rana Sabouni, Ghaleb Husseini, Abdollah Karami, and Renu Geetha Bai. "Toxicological impact of nanoparticles on human health: A review." Materials Express 12, no. 3 (March 1, 2022): 389–411. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/mex.2022.2161.

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Nanotechnology is a rapidly growing industry where nanomaterials are used in almost every field, including electronics, cosmetics, engineering, household products, biotechnology and medicine. Nanoparticles (NPs) have unique physical and chemical properties, which may cause potential hazards to human health, especially with constant exposure. Various studies have shown that NPs can enter the human body either through the respiratory tract, dermal absorption or via the gastrointestinal system and have the potential to cause respiratory disorders, behavioral changes, neurological disorders, as well as cancer. This review focuses on the health implications of NPs, specifically gold, silver, silica, titanium dioxide, aluminum, aluminum oxides, metal organic frameworks (MOF), aerosol particles, flame retardants, quantum dots, and carbon nanotubes. Herein, we discuss the routes of exposure and the impact of these nanoparticles on human health. We also summarize in-vitro and in-vivo studies that analyze the cytotoxicity profile and the associated health impact of these nanoparticles. This study could be utilized to develop well-defined guidelines for setting exposure limits for different NP types as well as a summary of related characteristics such as size, shape, morphology, and surface charge.
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Shawky, Sherif M., Ahmed M. Awad, Arwa A. Abugable, and Sherif F. El-Khamisy. "Gold nanoparticles – an optical biosensor for RNA quantification for cancer and neurologic disorders diagnosis." International Journal of Nanomedicine Volume 13 (November 2018): 8137–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/ijn.s181732.

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Auguié, Baptiste, and William L. Barnes. "Diffractive coupling in gold nanoparticle arrays and the effect of disorder." Optics Letters 34, no. 4 (February 4, 2009): 401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ol.34.000401.

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Eratne, Dhamidhu, Samantha M. Loi, Nirbaanjot Walia, Sarah Farrand, Qiao-Xin Li, Shiji Varghese, Mark Walterfang, et al. "A pilot study of the utility of cerebrospinal fluid neurofilament light chain in differentiating neurodegenerative from psychiatric disorders: A ‘C-reactive protein’ for psychiatrists and neurologists?" Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 54, no. 1 (June 21, 2019): 57–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0004867419857811.

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Objective: Neurofilament light has shown promise as a biomarker for diagnosis, staging and prognosis in a wide range of neurological and neurodegenerative disorders. This study explored the utility of cerebrospinal fluid neurofilament light in distinguishing primary psychiatric disorders from neurodegenerative and neurological disorders, a common diagnostic dilemma for psychiatrists and neurologists. Methods: This cross-sectional retrospective pilot study assessed cerebrospinal fluid neurofilament light on patients referred to a tertiary neuropsychiatry service from 2009 to 2017 for diagnostic assessment of neuropsychiatric and neurocognitive symptoms, where a neurodegenerative disorder was a differential diagnosis, who received lumbar punctures as part of a comprehensive workup. The most recent gold-standard clinical consensus diagnosis was categorised into psychiatric disorder or neurodegenerative or neurological disorder. Data from healthy controls were available for comparison. Data extraction and diagnostic categorisation was blinded to neurofilament light results. Results: A total of 129 participants were included: 77 neurodegenerative or neurological disorder (mean age 57 years, including Alzheimer’s dementia, frontotemporal dementia), 31 psychiatric disorder (mean age 51 years, including schizophrenia, major depressive disorder) and 21 healthy controls (mean age 66 years). Neurofilament light was significantly higher in neurodegenerative or neurological disorder (M = 3560 pg/mL, 95% confidence intervals = [2918, 4601]) compared to psychiatric disorder (M = 949 pg/mL, 95% confidence intervals = [830, 1108]) and controls (M = 1036 pg/mL, 95% confidence intervals = [908, 1165]). Neurofilament light distinguished neurodegenerative or neurological disorder from psychiatric disorder with an area under the curve of 0.94 (95% confidence intervals = [0.89, 0.98]); a cut-off of 1332 pg/mL was associated with 87% sensitivity and 90% specificity. Conclusion: Cerebrospinal fluid neurofilament light shows promise as a diagnostic test to assist with the often challenging diagnostic dilemma of distinguishing psychiatric disorders from neurodegenerative and neurological disorders. Further studies are warranted to replicate and expand on these findings, including on plasma neurofilament light.
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Jurkiewicz, Karolina, Michał Kamiński, Wojciech Glajcar, Natalia Woźnica, Fanon Julienne, Piotr Bartczak, Jarosław Polański, Józef Lelątko, Maciej Zubko, and Andrzej Burian. "Paracrystalline structure of gold, silver, palladium and platinum nanoparticles." Journal of Applied Crystallography 51, no. 2 (March 12, 2018): 411–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600576718001723.

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Metallic nanoparticles are of great importance because of their unique physical, chemical, antimicrobial, diagnostic, therapeutic, biomedical, sensing, biosensing, catalytic and optical properties. Detailed knowledge of the atomic scale structure of these materials is essential for understanding their activities and for exploiting their potential. This paper reports structural studies of silica-supported silver, gold, palladium and platinum nanoparticles using X-ray diffraction and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. Electron microscopy observation allowed the determination of nanoparticle sizes, which were estimated to be in the range of 45–470 Å, and their distribution. The obtained histograms exhibit a multimodal distribution of the investigated nanoparticle sizes. The X-ray diffraction data were analyzed using the Rietveld method in the form of Williamson–Hall plots, thePDFguifitting procedure and model-based simulation. The Williamson–Hall plots provide evidence for the presence of strain in all investigated samples. ThePDFguifitting results indicate that the investigated nanoparticles consist of atomic clusters with different sizes and degrees of disorder as well as slightly different lattice parameters. The detailed structural characterization performedviamodel-based simulations proves that all samples exhibit a face-centered cubic type structure with paracrystalline distortion. The degree of disorder predicted by the paracrystalline theory is correlated with the sizes of the nanoparticles. The catalytic properties of the investigated noble metals are discussed in relation to their disordered structure.
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Tomašovičová, Natália, Po-Sheng Hu, Cyun-Lun Zeng, Jozefína Majorošová, Katarína Zakutanská, and Peter Kopčanský. "Dual Size-Dependent Effect of Fe3O4 Magnetic Nanoparticles Upon Interaction with Lysozyme Amyloid Fibrils: Disintegration and Adsorption." Nanomaterials 9, no. 1 (December 28, 2018): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano9010037.

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Nanomedicine compounds containing nanoparticles, such as iron oxides and gold, have been demonstrated to be effective in promoting different magnitudes of interaction with amyloid β fibrils, of which disintegrating or inhibiting effects are of great importance to treating fibrillary aggregation-induced neurological disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease. This research herein studies the interaction between lysozyme amyloid fibrils, a type of fibers derived from hen egg white lysozyme, and Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) of an assorted diameter sizes of 5 nm, 10 nm and 20 nm, using atomic force microscopy (AFM). Specifically, the effects of the sizes of negatively charged MNPs on the resultant amyloid fibrillary mixture was investigated. Our results of AFM images indicated that the interaction between MNPs and the fibrils commences immediately after adding MNPs to the fibril solution, and the actions of such MNPs-doped fibrillary interplay, either integration or segmentation, is strongly dependent on the size and volume concentration of MNPs. In the cases of 5 nm and 20 nm particles of equivalent volume concentration, the adsorption and agglomeration of MNPs onto the fibrillary surfaces was observed, whereas, interestingly, MNPs with diameter size of 10 nm enables segmentation of the slender fibrils into debris when a proper implemented volume concentration was found, which signifies utter destruction of the amyloid fibrillary structure.
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Books on the topic "Neurological Disorder - Gold Nanoparticle"

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Brown, Christina, and Jamie E. Rubin. Moyamoya Disease. Edited by Kirk Lalwani, Ira Todd Cohen, Ellen Y. Choi, and Vidya T. Raman. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190685157.003.0032.

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Moyamoya is a rare cerebrovascular disorder characterized by progressive stenosis of the large cerebral arteries. Cerebral ischemia is the most common manifestation in the pediatric population and may present with symptoms of headache, hypertension, blindness, and developmental delay. The gold standard for diagnosis of Moyamoya is digital subtraction angiography but less invasive imaging modalities such as magnetic resonance imaging/angiogram or perfusion magnetic resonance imaging are typically used. Progressive disease is usually treated with surgical revascularization. Indirect revascularization procedures are preferred to direct revascularization in children due to small caliber of vessels, but regardless of the surgical procedure performed, patients often have some degree of long-term neurological impairment after surgery. Maintenance of cerebral perfusion pressure is critical during the perioperative period, and the patient must be monitored closely for signs of cerebral ischemia.
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Book chapters on the topic "Neurological Disorder - Gold Nanoparticle"

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Kishore, Abhinoy, Indranil De, Prashant Sharma, and Manish Singh Singh. "Breaking the Barriers of Nanotoxicological Assessments: The Importance of Available Models and Future Perspectives." In Nanobiotechnology: Principles and Applications, 163–84. BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/9789815123555123010011.

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Nanoparticles (NPs) and nanotechnology have penetrated every walk of life. The nanotechnology-based products include pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, electronic goods, food, food packaging, and household products of daily use. The unique physicochemical properties of nanoparticles also make them a potent toxicant. The evidence suggests that nanoparticles are used in humans' neurological disorders, pulmonary disorders, and other ailments. The situation is alarming as NPs may make their way to the human fetus. The regulations for checking the use of NPs are still in their early stages. The NP toxicity has not only affected the human race but the entire Biosphere. The chapter discusses the different assays and models to study nanotoxicity. The models used in deciphering the molecular mechanism are primarily in vitro models, particularly 2D and 3D cell cultures of primary, cancerous and normal cell lines. 2D cultures are monolayers, while 3D cultures can be spheroids and organoids derived from stem cells. Cell culture models serve to be a good assessment model but due to lack of systemic complexity, results may not be explicitly extrapolated to humans. In order to fill the gap, in vivo models are available. In vivo models are helpful in assessing the systemic toxicity in organisms. The in vivo models are further categorized as models to study human nanotoxicity and the models to study nanoecotoxicity. Out of the plethora of models, certain specific models are briefly discussed here. The ethical regulations for the usage of animal models are stringent which sometimes make it challenging to acquire animal models. Such challenges can be overcome by developing futuristic models like a lab or animal on a chip, and other computation models which may make nanotoxicological assessments easy and accurate, thereby helping in making efficient regulatory policies for NPs usage in various consumer products safeguarding the mankind and the biosphere. <br>
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Mohan Mehndiratta, Man, Ishu Goyal, Vasundhara Aggarwal, and Natasha Singh Gulati. "Moyamoya Disease Worldwide-Global Burden East and West." In Moyamoya Disease [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.96137.

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The Moyamoya disease [MMD] is a cereberovascular disorder characterized by progressive stenosis of intracranial internal carotid arteries and compensatory collateral formation at the base of the brain, mainly around the circle of Willis. When no particular associated risk factors can be identified, it is termed as Moyamoya disease. However, it may be associated with other neurological and extra- neurological disorders where it is termed as Moyamoya syndrome [MMS]. The condition is predominantly seen in East Asia and has bimodal age of distribution. The clinical manifestations are also age dependant with ischemia predominating in childhood and hemorrhagic manifestations being more common in adults. The pathogenesis is not entirely known, but genetic susceptibility is believed to be an important predisposing factor. The Suzuki staging system is most widely used for evaluation and staging of Moyamoya disease. The gold standard diagnostic modality is cerebral angiography but magnetic resonance imaging [MRA] has also been employed for diagnosis. Treatment is primarily surgical revascularization which is of 3 types: direct, indirect or combined revascularization. Although the role of revascularization surgery has been well established for ischemic MMD, the ideal surgical approach and the role of surgery in hemorrhagic MMD remains controversial.
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Conference papers on the topic "Neurological Disorder - Gold Nanoparticle"

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Vieira, Marcella Beghini Mendes, and Jaime Lin. "Evaluation of syndrome symptons of restless legs in patients with renal dialytic failure in a southern city of Santa Catarina." In XIII Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.348.

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Introduction: Renal failure is characterized by functional loss of the kidney and hemodialysis is the therapeutic option. The renal patient may have sleep disorders, including restless legs syndrome (RLS), which occurs in 30% of renal patients and in 10% of the general population. It is a motor neurological disorder, whose etiopathogenesis is not understood. Clinical diagnosis is the gold standard. RLS has been associated with cardiovascular morbities and increased mortality, however, it is underdiagnosed. The present study aimed to assess the prevalence and factors associated with RLS symptoms in patients with dialysis renal failure in a private clinic for chronic renal patients. Methods: Cross-sectional study, including 140 patients seen at the Tubarão Renal Diseases Clinic, from August to November 2016. Results: The average age of the interviewed population was 60.82 years, the majority being men (63.6%). Most respondents reported having restful sleep (78.6%). Despite this, snoring / sleep apnea prevalence was found in more than half of the patients (57.1%) and SPI in 19.3% (the most severe form being found in 8.6% of the patients). Other comorbidities found were: SAH, insomnia, diabetes mellitus and cardiac disorders. Statistically, dialysis time was longer among patients with RLS (P = 0.03). The female gender was shown to be a risk factor (P = 0.006) and cardiac alterations also had a significant association (P = 0.044-Fisher), as well as insomnia (p = 0.00011). Conclusions: Sleep disorders are prevalent and should be part of the assessment of all dialysis patients.
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