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Journal articles on the topic 'Neurocognitive function'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 20 February 2023

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1

Marquine, Maria, Lily Kamalyan, David Yassai-Gonzalez, Mariana Cherner, Ronald Ellis, Anya Umlauf, Dilip Jeste, and Robert Heaton. "Metabolic Syndrome and Neurocognitive Function among older Hispanics/Latinos with HIV." Innovation in Aging 5, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2021): 666–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igab046.2514.

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Abstract Neurocognitive impairment is prevalent among persons with HIV (PWH), particularly among Hispanics/Latinos/as/x (henceforth Hispanics). We examined disparities in HIV-associated neurocognitive function between older Hispanic and non-Hispanic White PWH, and the potential role of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in explaining these disparities. Participants included 116 community-dwelling PWH ages 50-75, who were enrolled in a cohort study in southern California (58 Hispanic [53% Spanish-speaking] and 58 age-comparable non-Hispanic White; Overall group: Age: M=57.9, SD=5.7; Education: M=13, SD=3.4; 83% male, 58% AIDS, 94% on antiretroviral therapy [ART], 4% detectable plasma RNA). A global neurocognition score was derived from T-Scores on a comprehensive neurocognitive battery, with separate demographic adjustments for English and Spanish-speakers. MetS was ascertained via standard criteria that considered central obesity, elevated triglycerides, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and elevated fasting glucose, as well as current medical treatment for these conditions. Covariates examined included sociodemographic, psychiatric, substance use and HIV-disease characteristics. Hispanics had higher rates of MetS (56%) than non-Hispanic Whites (37%; p<.05). A stepwise regression model on global neurocognition including ethnicity and covariates that differed between ethnic groups, selected only Hispanic ethnicity as a significant predictor (B=-3.82, SE=1.27, p<.01). A comparable model also including MetS showed that both Hispanic ethnicity (B=-3.39, SE=1.31, p=.01) and MetS (B=-2.73, SE=1.31, p=.04), were significantly associated with worse global neurocognition. Findings indicate that MetS does not fully explain disparities in neurocognitive function between Hispanic and non-Hispanic White older PWH, but rather is an independent predictor of neurocognitive function along with Hispanic ethnicity.

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Kulkarni, Dilip, and Srilata Moningi. "Neurocognitive function monitoring." Journal of Neuroanaesthesiology and Critical Care 02, no. 03 (December 2015): 246–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2348-0548.165055.

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AbstractNeuro-cognitive dysfunction quite frequently occurs after major surgery particularly in elderly patients. Cognitive function monitoring becomes an important tool in the perioperative period, especially for patients undergoing neurosurgical procedures as these patients are at a greater risk because of the nature of surgery. Many cognitive assessment tools were described, but selecting a tool or combination of tools to assess depends on preoperative patient condition, availability of informant and post-operative course. The cognitive functioning monitoring is crucial for risk stratification to allow for subsequent prophylaxis, surveillance, and treatment of post-operative cognition dysfunction.

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Ringen, P. A., A. Vaskinn, K. Sundet, J. A. Engh, H. Jónsdóttir, C. Simonsen, S. Friis, S. Opjordsmoen, I. Melle, and O. A. Andreassen. "Opposite relationships between cannabis use and neurocognitive functioning in bipolar disorder and schizophrenia." Psychological Medicine 40, no. 8 (November 6, 2009): 1337–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291709991620.

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BackgroundCannabis use is associated with altered neurocognitive functioning in severe mental disorders, but data are still inconclusive and there are no studies of bipolar disorder. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between cannabis use and neurocognition in bipolar disorder compared with schizophrenia in a naturalistic setting.MethodA total of 133 patients with bipolar disorder and 140 patients with schizophrenia underwent neuropsychological assessments and clinical characterization including measures of substance use. Relationships between cannabis users and neurocognitive function were explored in the two diagnostic groups. Possible interactions between diagnosis and cannabis use were investigated, and findings were controlled for possible confounders.ResultsIn bipolar disorder subjects, cannabis use was associated with better neurocognitive function, but the opposite was the case for the schizophrenia subjects. There was a statistically significant interaction effect of diagnosis and cannabis use on focused attention (p=0.019), executive functioning (verbal fluency – set shifting) (p=0.009), logical memory-learning (p=0.007) and on logical memory-recall (p=0.004). These differences in neurocognitive function could not be explained by putative confounders.ConclusionsThe findings suggest that cannabis use may be related to improved neurocognition in bipolar disorder and compromised neurocognition in schizophrenia. The results need to be replicated in independent samples, and may suggest different underlying disease mechanisms in the two disorders.

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Ji, Xiaopeng, Naixue Cui, and Jianghong Liu. "Neurocognitive Function Is Associated With Serum Iron Status in Early Adolescents." Biological Research For Nursing 19, no. 3 (February 15, 2017): 269–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1099800417690828.

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Objective: The association between iron and neurocognition remains underexplored in adolescents, and the neurocognitive effects of low and high iron levels have yet to be established. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships of low and high iron levels with neurocognitive domains in early adolescents. Method: The sample comprised 428 adolescents (12.0 ± 0.4 years) from Jintan, China. Serum iron concentrations were analyzed from venous blood samples and classified into low, normal, and high levels according to the clinical reference range 75–175 μg/dl. Neurocognition was measured by the Penn Computerized Neurocognitive Battery and Wechsler Intelligence Scale. Generalized linear regression was used to analyze relationships. Results: Prevalence rates of iron deficiency, normal iron, and high iron were 13.8%, 76.4%, and 9.8%, respectively. Compared with normal levels, iron deficiency was associated with slower performance in tasks that measured abstraction and mental flexibility (β = 107.5, p = .03) and spatial processing ability (β = 917.2, p = .04). High serum iron was associated with less accuracy in the spatial processing ability task (β = −2.2, p = .03) and a longer reaction time in the task assessing abstraction and mental flexibility (β = 702.8, p = .046) compared to normal levels. Conclusion: Both iron deficiency and high iron levels contribute to reduced neurocognitive performance in a domain-specific manner in early adolescents. The dual burden of iron under- and overnutrition should be incorporated into future interventions for improving brain development and cognitive function in adolescents, especially in a Chinese context.

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Lentoor, Antonio G., and Lezani Myburgh. "Correlation between Body Mass Index (BMI) and Performance on the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) in a Cohort of Adult Women in South Africa." Behavioural Neurology 2022 (February 2, 2022): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/8994793.

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Objective. Recent evidence suggests that obesity is increasing worldwide and may negatively impact neurocognition. Local studies on the association of weight status with neurocognitive function are sparse. This study is aimed at examining the association between body mass index (BMI) and neurocognitive functioning scores in a cohort of adult women. Methods. A convenience sample of 175 women aged 18 to 59 years ( 28.03 ± 8.87 ) recruited in a community-based quantitative study completed the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). The BMI metric was used to measure body fat based on weight and height and was stratified as high BMI (overweight or obese) or low BMI (normal weight). The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) was used to assess depression. Pearson’s correlation analysis and the student’s t -test analysis were performed. Results. We observed a significant inverse association between BMI and performance on MoCA ( r 173 = − 0.32 , p < 0.001 ). Performance on subtest of attention, memory, constructive abstraction, and executive functions significantly and inversely correlated with BMI. Significantly lower scores on the MoCA were found in women with a high BMI compared to women with a low BMI ( 23 ± 4 vs. 26 ± 3 ), t 173 = 4.12 , p < 0.0001 ). Conclusions. BMI and MoCA were inversely associated on both global and domain-specific neurocognitive test of attention, memory, and executive function; key neurocognitive control; and regulatory functions underlying behavior and decision-making. The findings provide a rationale for further research into the long-term effects of BMI on neurocognition.

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Rennie, George, Andrew C. Chen, Haryana Dhillon, Janette Vardy, and Diona L. Damian. "Nicotinamide and neurocognitive function." Nutritional Neuroscience 18, no. 5 (February 21, 2014): 193–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/1476830514y.0000000112.

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Peters, Katherine, John Kirkpatrick, Ines Batinic-Haberle, Mary Lou Affronti, Sarah Woodring, Eric Lipp, James Herndon, et al. "SPCR-03 NEUROCOGNITIVE OUTCOMES FROM PHASE 1 TRIAL OF BMX-001 IN COMBINATION WITH CONCURRENT RADIATION THERAPY AND TEMOZOLOMIDE IN NEWLY DIAGNOSED HIGH-GRADE GLIOMA PATIENTS." Neuro-Oncology Advances 4, Supplement_1 (August 1, 2022): i20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/noajnl/vdac078.078.

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Abstract INTRODUCTION Neurocognitive dysfunction can result from radiation therapy which is the mainstay of treatment for high-grade glioma, particularly glioblastoma. Preclinical observations found that BMX-001, a novel metalloporphyrin, acts as a radioprotectant for normal CNS cells yet as a radiosensitizer to cancer cells in human GBM xenograft experiments. In a phase 1 study evaluating the safety of BMX-001 in combination with concurrent radiation therapy and temozolomide, we further studied neurocognitive function before and after concurrent radiation therapy and temozolomide in newly diagnosed high-grade glioma patients. METHODS We performed a phase 1 study of BMX-001 combined with radiation therapy (6-week total of 59.4-60 Gy) and temozolomide (75 mg/m2/day for 42 days). We administered BMX-001 as a subcutaneous injection at a loading dose before radiation therapy and temozolomide and then subsequent doses twice weekly for eight weeks. A key secondary endpoint was the evaluation of neurocognition. We performed neurocognitive testing with the computerized program CNS Vital Signsâ. This battery consists of seven tests: verbal memory, visual memory, finger tapping, symbol digit coding, the Stroop Test, a test of shifting attention, and a continuous performance test. We defined neurocognitive impairment at baseline as a z-score ≥ 1.5 SDs below the normative mean. We described improvements or declines in neurocognition at 2 and 6 months from baseline. RESULTS Fifteen patients (age 19-80 years) enrolled and underwent neurocognitive testing before and after RT. All patients had WHO grade 4 glioblastoma. Most subjects had neurocognitive impairment ranging from 46.7-to 80% on specific neurocognitive tests. At two months (N=15) and six months (N=9), most testing demonstrated improved neurocognitive performance. CONCLUSIONS Neurocognitive function is maintained and can improve after concurrent radiation therapy and temozolomide in this high-grade glioma cohort treated with BMX-001 during concurrent radiation therapy and temozolomide.

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Eastvold, Angela, Yana Suchy, and Donald Strassberg. "Executive Function Profiles of Pedophilic and Nonpedophilic Child Molesters." Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 17, no. 2 (January 6, 2011): 295–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355617710001669.

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AbstractThere is increasing evidence of neurocognitive dysfunction among child molesters, supporting the notion of brain anomalies among pedophiles. However, approximately half of child molesters are not pedophilic (i.e., are not primarily attracted to children), and neurocognitive differences between pedophilic (PED) and nonpedophilic (NPED) child molesters are not well understood. The purpose of this study was to assess neurocognition, specifically executive functioning (EF), among phallometrically defined PED and NPED child molesters, relative to nonsexual offenders (NSO). Participants (N = 89) were compared on seven EF domains. Results revealed that (a) child molesters exhibited an overall executive profile that was different from that of NSOs, with PEDs differing from NSOs but not from NPEDs; (b) child molesters on the whole performed better than NSOs on abstract reasoning and more poorly on inhibition; and (c) PEDs performed better than NPEDs on planning and exhibited better overall performance accuracy relative to NPEDs. These results suggest that PEDs exhibit a more deliberate, planful response style characterized by greater self-monitoring; whereas NPEDs appear to respond more impulsively. The current report further elucidates neurocognition among child molesters and highlights the need for future research examining subtypes of child molesters. (JINS, 2011, 17, 295–307)

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Faber, G., H. G. O. M. Smid, A. R. Van Gool, D. Wiersma, and R. J. Van Den Bosch. "The effects of guided discontinuation of antipsychotics on neurocognition in first onset psychosis." European Psychiatry 27, no. 4 (May 2012): 275–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2011.02.003.

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AbstractObjectiveTo assess the effects of second generation antipsychotics on neurocognitive function in patients with stable remission of first episode psychosis.MethodsFifty-three patients with first onset psychosis in the schizophrenia spectrum entered a randomised controlled trial of guided discontinuation (GD) versus maintenance treatment (MT) with second generation antipsychotics. A comprehensive neurocognitive test battery was administered at the time of remission and shortly after dose reduction or discontinuation (GD-group) or at the same time in the MT-group.ResultsWith the exception of negative symptoms, PANSS scores decreased over time and neurocognition improved significantly on most tests in both groups. The GD-group, however, improved significantly more than the MT-group on three neurocognitive measures in the domain of speed of processing.ConclusionThese data suggest that, in first episode patients, dose reduction or discontinuation of second generation antipsychotics after stable remission is achieved, might improve neurocognitive function more than continuing second generation antipsychotics, suggesting a negative role for second generation antipsychotics, specifically in the domain of speed of processing.

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Waldstein, Shari R., and Carrington Rice Wendell. "Neurocognitive Function and Cardiovascular Disease." Journal of Alzheimer's Disease 20, no. 3 (May 26, 2010): 833–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jad-2010-091591.

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CAMPISTOL, JAUME, ROSA GASSIÓ, RAFAEL ARTUCH, and Ma ANTONIA VILASECA. "Neurocognitive function in mild hyperphenylalaninemia." Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology 53, no. 5 (March 21, 2011): 405–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8749.2010.03869.x.

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Pålsson, E., C. Figueras, A. G. M. Johansson, C.-J. Ekman, B. Hultman, J. Östlind, and M. Landén. "Neurocognitive function in bipolar disorder." International Clinical Psychopharmacology 28 (December 2012): e40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.yic.0000423309.46272.0c.

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Berger, Miles, Niccolò Terrando, S. Kendall Smith, Jeffrey N. Browndyke, Mark F. Newman, and Joseph P. Mathew. "Neurocognitive Function after Cardiac Surgery." Anesthesiology 129, no. 4 (October 1, 2018): 829–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/aln.0000000000002194.

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Abstract For half a century, it has been known that some patients experience neurocognitive dysfunction after cardiac surgery; however, defining its incidence, course, and causes remains challenging and controversial. Various terms have been used to describe neurocognitive dysfunction at different times after cardiac surgery, ranging from “postoperative delirium” to “postoperative cognitive dysfunction or decline.” Delirium is a clinical diagnosis included in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5). Postoperative cognitive dysfunction is not included in the DSM-5 and has been heterogeneously defined, though a recent international nomenclature effort has proposed standardized definitions for it. Here, the authors discuss pathophysiologic mechanisms that may underlie these complications, review the literature on methods to prevent them, and discuss novel approaches to understand their etiology that may lead to novel treatment strategies. Future studies should measure both delirium and postoperative cognitive dysfunction to help clarify the relationship between these important postoperative complications.

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Kramer, Arthur F., Sowon Hahn, Neal J. Cohen, Marie T. Banich, Edward McAuley, Catherine R. Harrison, Julie Chason, et al. "Ageing, fitness and neurocognitive function." Nature 400, no. 6743 (July 1999): 418–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/22682.

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Bressler, Steven L. "The function of neurocognitive networks." Physics of Life Reviews 11, no. 3 (September 2014): 438–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.plrev.2014.06.004.

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Kramer, Arthur F., Stanley J. Colcombe, Edward McAuley, Paige E. Scalf, and Kirk I. Erickson. "Fitness, aging and neurocognitive function." Neurobiology of Aging 26, no. 1 (December 2005): 124–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2005.09.009.

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Correa, Denise D. "Neurocognitive Function in Brain Tumors." Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports 10, no. 3 (March 24, 2010): 232–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11910-010-0108-4.

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Cullum, C. Munro, and Myron F. Weiner. "Apolipoprotein E and Neurocognitive Function." JAMA Neurology 72, no. 4 (April 1, 2015): 478. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamaneurol.2014.4702.

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Sendelbach, Sue, Ruth Lindquist, Shigeaki Watanuki, and Kay Savik. "Correlates of Neurocognitive Function of Patients After Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery." American Journal of Critical Care 15, no. 3 (May 1, 2006): 290–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4037/ajcc2006.15.3.290.

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• Background Decreases in neurocognitive function have been reported in patients who have undergone off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery; however, few investigators have examined the correlates of the decreases. • Objectives To explore and determine the correlates of neurocognitive function at the time of discharge from the hospital in patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery. • Methods Patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery at Abbott Northwestern Hospital, Minneapolis, Minn, were administered tests of neurocognition (cognition and motor function), anxiety, depression, and quality of life preoperatively (within 72 hours of surgery) and postoperatively (at least 72 hours after surgery but before discharge from the hospital). • ResultsA total of 54 patients (79.6% men), mean age 64.5 years, completed tests both preoperatively and postoperatively. When baseline function was controlled for, increased age and new-onset atrial fibrillation (F3,40= 42.97; P < .001) were associated with decreases in postoperative cognitive function; increased age and anxiety (F3,35= 15.83; P < .001) were associated with decreases in postoperative motor function. • Conclusion Older patients, anxious patients, and patients with new-onset atrial fibrillation are at risk for neurocognitive changes after off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery. Further studies with larger sample sizes should be done to examine interventions to reduce preoperative anxiety in these patients. Interventions to prevent postoperative atrial fibrillation should be explored to determine whether the interventions prevent a decline in neurocognitive function.

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Haring, L., A. Müürsepp, R. Mõttus, P. Ilves, K. Koch, K. Uppin, J. Tarnovskaja, et al. "Cortical thickness and surface area correlates with cognitive dysfunction among first-episode psychosis patients." Psychological Medicine 46, no. 10 (June 7, 2016): 2145–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291716000684.

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BackgroundIn studies using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), some have reported specific brain structure–function relationships among first-episode psychosis (FEP) patients, but findings are inconsistent. We aimed to localize the brain regions where cortical thickness (CTh) and surface area (cortical area; CA) relate to neurocognition, by performing an MRI on participants and measuring their neurocognitive performance using the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB), in order to investigate any significant differences between FEP patients and control subjects (CS).MethodExploration of potential correlations between specific cognitive functions and brain structure was performed using CANTAB computer-based neurocognitive testing and a vertex-by-vertex whole-brain MRI analysis of 63 FEP patients and 30 CS.ResultsSignificant correlations were found between cortical parameters in the frontal, temporal, cingular and occipital brain regions and performance in set-shifting, working memory manipulation, strategy usage and sustained attention tests. These correlations were significantly dissimilar between FEP patients and CS.ConclusionsSignificant correlations between CTh and CA with neurocognitive performance were localized in brain areas known to be involved in cognition. The results also suggested a disrupted structure–function relationship in FEP patients compared with CS.

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Kwak, Kyeongmin, Bong-Kyu Kim, Tae-Won Jang, Chang Sun Sim, Yeon-Soon Ahn, Kyeong-Sook Choi, and Kyoung Sook Jeong. "Association between Shift Work and Neurocognitive Function among Firefighters in South Korea: A Prospective before–after Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 13 (June 28, 2020): 4647. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17134647.

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Background: Recent research indicates that shift work is associated with neurocognitive function. However, studies that examine the association between shift work and neurocognitive function in firefighters have not yet been performed. We examined the effect of shift work on neurocognitive function in firefighters by measuring and comparing neurocognitive function before and after night shift. Methods: 352 firefighters from eight fire stations in South Korea were included in this study. We performed neurocognitive function test using central nervous system vital signs (CNSVS) during daytime work and on the next day after night work. We performed paired t-tests to assess differences between neurocognitive function before and after night work. We also compared neurocognitive function in insomnia and depression. We used a general linear model to analyze the associations between shiftwork schedule and the changes in neurocognitive function. Results: The neurocognitive function significantly decreased in six domains (composite memory, verbal memory, visual memory, complex attention, psychomotor speed, and motor speed) as did the neurocognitive index on the next day after night work compared with during day work. These decreased domains were the same following night work regardless of the type of shift work. Conclusion: Night work in firefighters may cause neurocognitive decline.

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SYMONDS, C. S., P. GALLAGHER, J. M. THOMPSON, and A. H. YOUNG. "Effects of the menstrual cycle on mood, neurocognitive and neuroendocrine function in healthy premenopausal women." Psychological Medicine 34, no. 1 (January 2004): 93–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291703008535.

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Background. Neurocognitive functioning may be impaired in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle due to associated changes in hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis function. This study examines the relationship between changes in neurocognition and HPA axis function in different phases of the menstrual cycle.Method. Fifteen female volunteers, free from psychiatric history and hormonal medication were tested twice, during mid-follicular and late-luteal phases in a randomized, crossover design. Mood, neurocognitive function, and basal cortisol and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) were profiled.Results. Relative to the follicular phase, verbal fluency was impaired in the luteal phase and reaction times speeded on a continuous performance task, without affecting overall accuracy. ‘Hedonic’ scores on the UWIST-MACL scale were decreased in the luteal phase. There was also evidence of changes in the function of the HPA axis, with 24 h urinary cortisol concentrations and salivary DHEA levels being significantly lower during the luteal phase.Conclusions. These data suggest that luteal phase HPA axis function is lower than in the follicular phase in premenopausal healthy women. This putative biological difference may be important for our understanding of the aetiopathogenesis of menstrually related mood change and neurocognitive disturbance.

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Bonnin, C. M., M. Reinares, A. Martínez-Arán, V. Balanzá-Martínez, B. Sole, C. Torrent, R. Tabarés-Seisdedos, et al. "Effects of functional remediation on neurocognitively impaired bipolar patients: enhancement of verbal memory." Psychological Medicine 46, no. 2 (September 21, 2015): 291–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291715001713.

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BackgroundFunctional remediation is a novel intervention with demonstrated efficacy at improving functional outcome in euthymic bipolar patients. However, in a previous trial no significant changes in neurocognitive measures were detected. The objective of the present analysis was to test the efficacy of this therapy in the enhancement of neuropsychological functions in a subgroup of neurocognitively impaired bipolar patients.MethodA total of 188 out of 239 DSM-IV euthymic bipolar patients performing below two standard deviations from the mean of normative data in any neurocognitive test were included in this subanalysis. Repeated-measures analyses of variance were conducted to assess the impact of the treatment arms [functional remediation, psychoeducation, or treatment as usual (TAU)] on participants’ neurocognitive and functional outcomes in the subgroup of neurocognitively impaired patients.ResultsPatients receiving functional remediation (n = 56) showed an improvement on delayed free recall when compared with the TAU (n = 63) and psychoeducation (n = 69) groups as shown by the group × time interaction at 6-month follow-up [F2,158 = 3.37, degrees of freedom (df) = 2, p = 0.037]. However, Tukey post-hoc analyses revealed that functional remediation was only superior when compared with TAU (p = 0.04), but not with psychoeducation (p = 0.10). Finally, the patients in the functional remediation group also benefited from the treatment in terms of functional outcome (F2,158 = 4.26, df = 2, p = 0.016).ConclusionsFunctional remediation is effective at improving verbal memory and psychosocial functioning in a sample of neurocognitively impaired bipolar patients at 6-month follow-up. Neurocognitive enhancement may be one of the active ingredients of this novel intervention, and, specifically, verbal memory appears to be the most sensitive function that improves with functional remediation.

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Pancheva, Ralitsa. "Do sacubitril/valsartan affect neurocognitive function?" Annual for Hospital Pharmacy 7, no. 1 (October 14, 2021): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.14748/ahp.v7i1.8073.

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Kushida, Clete A., and Deborah A. Nichols. "Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Neurocognitive Function." Sleep Medicine Research 1, no. 1 (November 30, 2010): 4–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.17241/smr.2010.1.1.4.

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Burdick, Katherine E., Colin A. Hodgkinson, Philip R. Szeszko, Todd Lencz, Jenny M. Ekholm, John M. Kane, David Goldman, and Anil K. Malhotra. "DISC1 and neurocognitive function in schizophrenia." NeuroReport 16, no. 12 (August 2005): 1399–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.wnr.0000175248.25535.f6.

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Pliskin, Neil H., Helene M. Yurk, L. Tammy Ho, and Jason G. Umans. "Neurocognitive function in chronic hemodialysis patients." Kidney International 49, no. 5 (May 1996): 1435–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ki.1996.202.

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Rosenberg, Irwin H. "B Vitamins, Homocysteine, and Neurocognitive Function." Nutrition Reviews 59, no. 8 (April 27, 2009): S69—S74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1753-4887.2001.tb05503.x.

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Aleman, AndrÉ, Edward H. F. de Haan, and RenÉ S. Kahn. "Insight and Neurocognitive Function in Schizophrenia." Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences 14, no. 2 (May 2002): 241–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/jnp.14.2.241.

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Dinn, Wayne M., and Catherine L. Harris. "Neurocognitive function in antisocial personality disorder." Psychiatry Research 97, no. 2-3 (December 2000): 173–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0165-1781(00)00224-9.

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Stranahan, Alexis M., and Mark P. Mattson. "Bidirectional metabolic regulation of neurocognitive function." Neurobiology of Learning and Memory 96, no. 4 (November 2011): 507–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nlm.2011.01.004.

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Dinn, W. "Neurocognitive function in borderline personality disorder." Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry 28, no. 2 (March 2004): 329–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pnpbp.2003.10.012.

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Harrison, Rebecca A., and Jeffrey S. Wefel. "Neurocognitive Function in Adult Cancer Patients." Neurologic Clinics 36, no. 3 (August 2018): 653–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ncl.2018.04.014.

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Malloy, Mary, Bruce Miller, and John Kane. "Apolipoprotein E and Neurocognitive Function—Reply." JAMA Neurology 72, no. 4 (April 1, 2015): 479. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamaneurol.2014.4699.

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Hergenrather, Kenneth C., Diona Emmanuel, Maureen McGuire-Kuletz, and Scott D. Rhodes. "Employment as a Social Determinant of Health: Exploring the Relationship Between Neurocognitive Function and Employment Status." Rehabilitation Research, Policy, and Education 32, no. 2 (June 2018): 101–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/2168-6653.32.2.101.

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Purpose:To explore employment as a social determinant of health through examining the relationship between neurocognitive function and employment status.Method:The authors explored the causal relationship between employment status and neurocognitive function by conducting a systematic review of 15 longitudinal studies. The identified studies were conducted in Australia, Denmark, Norway, and the United States.Results:Five neurocognitive function domains were identified (i.e., complex attention, executive function, learning and memory, language, perceptual-motor function) across diagnosis (i.e., bipolar disorder, first-episode psychosis, human immunodeficiency virus, major depression, schizophrenia-spectrum disorders, traumatic brain injury). Unemployment was correlated with poorer attention, executive function, learning and memory, perceptual-motor function, and language. Employment was correlated with better attention, executive function, learning and memory, perceptual-motor function.Conclusion:The acknowledgment of the relationship between neurocognitive function and employment status can assist service providers in assessing and developing strategies to enhance and maintain employment outcomes. The assessment of neurocognitive function could be further explored by identifying standard measures and assessment timelines to assess the six domains across diagnosis. Vocational rehabilitation services could integrate cognitive interventions (cognitive rehabilitation, cognitive enhancement therapy, cognitive remediation) to explore the effect on neurocognitive function and employment outcomes. Further longitudinal research studies are needed, for both persons with disabilities and persons without disabilities, to elucidate the relationship between employment status and neurocognitive function.

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Edelstein, Kim, Norma Mammone D'Agostino, Gregory Russell Pond, Sylvie Aubin, Andrew Matthew, Abha A. Gupta, Petr Kavan, et al. "Neurocognitive function and psychological distress in young adults (YA) with cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 34, no. 3_suppl (January 20, 2016): 199. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2016.34.3_suppl.199.

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199 Background: Cancer treatment is associated with neurocognitive sequelae and changes in structural and functional brain imaging in older adults, even if they do not receive central nervous system directed therapy. Because the brain continues to develop into the 3rd decade of life, YA (age 18-39 yrs) may also be vulnerable to neurocognitive dysfunction. In YA, cancer disrupts acquisition of developmental milestones and is associated with psychological distress. This study aims to characterize neurocognitive functions and its relation to psychological distress in YA. Here we present baseline results of our longitudinal study. Methods: In this prospective, inception-cohort study, we recruited 3 groups of YA from ambulatory oncology clinics: YA with cancers (YAC; lymphoma, breast, gynecology, gastrointestinal, genitourinary, sarcoma) who required chemotherapy (YAC+, n = 55), YAC who do not require it (YAC-, n = 31), and healthy YA (HYA, n = 54). Participants completed a 2-hr battery of standardized neurocognitive tests and validated self-report questionnaires. YAC were assessed within 3 months of diagnosis, and YAC+prior to chemotherapy. Test scores were converted to age-corrected scaled scores and transformed to z-scores (mean 0, SD 1). A global neurocognitive function score and 6 domain scores were evaluated. Results: There were no group differences in neurocognitive domains (ANOVA, all p-values > .1), or in the number of impaired test scores (defined as z < -1). YAC+ reported greater symptoms of somatic distress (p = .001) and anxiety (p = .004) than both HYA and YAC-. Symptoms were unrelated to neurocognitive performance (ρ < .16 for all). However, each group had poorer memory compared to population norms (1-sample t-tests: YAC+ p = .007; YAC- p = .047; HYA p = .023). Conclusions: Prior to treatment, neurocognitive functions of YAC were not different from HYA, suggesting that cancer itself is not a neurocognitive risk factor in YA. It is important to use appropriate control groups, rather than relying on normative data for comparison. We continue to follow this cohort to document neurocognitive function and distress over time, and to identify risk factors that contribute to outcomes in YA.

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Soleman, Jehuda, and Raphael Guzman. "Neurocognitive Complications after Ventricular Neuroendoscopy: A Systematic Review." Behavioural Neurology 2020 (March 25, 2020): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/2536319.

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In recent years, neuroendoscopic treatment of hydrocephalus and various ventricular pathologies has become increasingly popular. It is considered by many as the first-choice treatment for the majority of these cases. However, neurocognitive complications following ventricular neuroendoscopic procedures may occur leading mostly to amnesia, which might have a grave effect on the patient’s quality of life. Studies assessing neurocognitive complications after ventricular neuroendoscopic procedures are sparse. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review assessing the available literature of neurocognitive complications and outcome after ventricular neuroendoscopy. Of 1216 articles screened, 46 were included in this systematic review. Transient and permanent neurocognitive complications in 2804 ventricular neuroendoscopic procedures occurred in 2.0% (n=55) and 1.04% (n=28) of the patients, respectively. Most complications described are memory impairment, followed by psychiatric symptoms (psychosyndrome), cognitive impairment not further specified, declined executive function, and confusion. However, only in 20% of the series describing neurocognitive complications or outcome (n=40) was neurocognition assessed by a trained neuropsychologist in a systematic manner. While in most of these series only a part of the included patients underwent neuropsychological testing, neurocognitive assessment was seldom done pre- and postoperatively, long-term follow up was rare, and patient’s cohorts were small. A paucity of studies analyzing neurocognitive complications and outcome, through systematic neuropsychological testing, and the correlation with intraoperative lesions of neuronal structures (e.g., fornix) exists in the literature. Therefore, the neurocognitive and emotional morbidity after ventricular neuroendoscopic procedures might be underestimated and warrants further research.

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Ghouse, Jonas, Gustav Ahlberg, Henning Bundgaard, and Morten S. Olesen. "Effect of Loss-of-Function Genetic Variants in PCSK9 on Glycemic Traits, Neurocognitive Impairment, and Hepatobiliary Function." Diabetes Care 45, no. 1 (November 10, 2021): 251–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/dc21-0955.

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OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association between PCSK9 predicted loss-of-function (pLoF) variants and glycemic traits, hepatobiliary function, and neurocognitive traits. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We identified carriers of PCSK9 pLoF variants in UK Biobank exome sequencing data. We assessed the aggregate effects of these variants on lipid and lipoprotein traits, which served as a positive control. Association of PCSK9 pLoF carrier status and glycemic traits, hepatobiliary function, and neurocognitive traits was then evaluated as a measure for adverse effects. RESULTS We identified 374 individuals carrying one of 41 unique PCSK9 pLoF variants. As expected, we found that PCSK9 pLoF carriers had significantly lower LDL cholesterol C levels (P = 7.4 × 10−55) and apolipoprotein B levels (P = 7.6 × 10−50) than did noncarriers. However, we found no significant associations between pLoF carrier status and glycemic traits, hepatobiliary function, and neurocognitive traits (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our results do not support adverse effects of PCSK9 pLoF variants on glycemic traits, hepatobiliary function, or neurocognitive traits.

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Kurebayashi, Yusuke. "A literature review on Study’s methodology of nursing care for Patients with schizophrenia considering their neurocognitive functions." Journal of Human Sciences 13, no. 1 (April 10, 2016): 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.14687/ijhs.v13i1.3734.

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INTRODUCTION; Cognitive dysfunctions of schizophrenia predict daily living problems in patients, and psychiatric nurses should consider neurocognitive abilities of schizophrenic patients. However, development of nursing care considering their neurocognitive function is remains preliminary. To facilitate the development, clarifying the methodology of recent studies is required.AIM; To clarify the methodology of the study of nursing care considering neurocognitive functions of schizophrenic patients and to obtain suggestions for further studies.METHOD; Electronic databases were searched using key terms.RESULTS; Nine articles were eligible. Seven articles discussed enhancing neurocognitive functions and only investigated inpatients. The measurement methods used to determine neurocognitive functions varied among the nine articles. Some articles introduced video games or dedicated rooms, while some used structured methods as nursing intervention.DISCUSSION; Future studies are required to use methods that measure several neurocognitive domains, examine intervention efficacy in outpatients and first-episode patients and develop feasible interventional methods in clinical settings.

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Meyers, Christina A., Jennifer A. Smith, Andrea Bezjak, Minesh P. Mehta, James Liebmann, Tim Illidge, Ian Kunkler, et al. "Neurocognitive Function and Progression in Patients With Brain Metastases Treated With Whole-Brain Radiation and Motexafin Gadolinium: Results of a Randomized Phase III Trial." Journal of Clinical Oncology 22, no. 1 (January 1, 2004): 157–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2004.05.128.

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Purpose To report the neurocognitive findings in a phase III randomized trial evaluating survival and neurologic and neurocognitive function in patients with brain metastases from solid tumors receiving whole-brain radiation therapy (WBRT) with or without motexafin gadolinium (MGd). Patients and Methods Patients were randomly assigned to receive WBRT 30 Gy in 10 fractions with or without MGd 5 mg/kg/d. Monthly neurocognitive testing for memory, executive function, and fine motor skill was performed. Results Four hundred one patients were enrolled (251 with non–small-cell lung cancer, 75 with breast cancer, and 75 with other cancers); 90.5% patients had impairment of one or more neurocognitive tests at baseline. Neurocognitive test scores of memory, fine motor speed, executive function, and global neurocognitive impairment at baseline were correlated with brain tumor volume and predictive of survival. There was no statistically significant difference between treatment arms in time to neurocognitive progression. Patients with lung cancer (but not other types of cancer) who were treated with MGd tended to have improved memory and executive function (P = .062) and improved neurologic function as assessed by a blinded events review committee (P = .048). Conclusion Neurocognitive tests are a relatively sensitive measure of brain functioning; a combination of tumor prognostic variables and brain function assessments seems to predict survival better than tumor variables alone. Although the addition of MGd to WBRT did not produce a significant overall improvement between treatment arms, MGd may improve memory and executive function and prolong time to neurocognitive and neurologic progression in patients with brain metastases from lung cancer.

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Pollicina, Isabella, Antonino Maniaci, Jerome R. Lechien, Giannicola Iannella, Claudio Vicini, Giovanni Cammaroto, Angelo Cannavicci, et al. "Neurocognitive Performance Improvement after Obstructive Sleep Apnea Treatment: State of the Art." Behavioral Sciences 11, no. 12 (December 16, 2021): 180. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bs11120180.

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Background: Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) syndrome is a respiratory sleep disorder characterized by partial or complete episodes of upper airway collapse with reduction or complete cessation of airflow. Although the connection remains debated, several mechanisms such as intermittent hypoxemia, sleep deprivation, hypercapnia disruption of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis have been associated with poor neurocognitive performance. Different treatments have been proposed to treat OSAS patients as continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), mandibular advancement devices (MAD), surgery; however, the effect on neurocognitive functions is still debated. This article presents the effect of OSAS treatments on neurocognitive performance by reviewing the literature. Methods: We performed a comprehensive review of the English language over the past 20 years using the following keywords: neurocognitive performance and sleep apnea, neurocognitive improvement and CPAP, OSAS, and cognitive dysfunction. We included in the analysis papers that correlated OSA treatment with neurocognitive performance improvement. All validated tests used to measure different neurocognitive performance improvements were considered. Results: Seventy papers reported neurocognitive Performance improvement in OSA patients after CPAP therapy. Eighty percent of studies found improved executive functions such as verbal fluency or working memory, with partial neural recovery at long-term follow-up. One article compared the effect of MAD, CPAP treatment on cognitive disorders, reporting better improvement of CPAP and MAD than placebo in cognitive function. Conclusions: CPAP treatment seems to improve cognitive defects associated with OSA. Limited studies have evaluated the effects of the other therapies on cognitive function.

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Wu, Adam S., Mariana E. Witgert, Frederick F. Lang, Lianchun Xiao, B. Nebiyou Bekele, Christina A. Meyers, David Ferson, and Jeffrey S. Wefel. "Neurocognitive function before and after surgery for insular gliomas." Journal of Neurosurgery 115, no. 6 (December 2011): 1115–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2011.8.jns11488.

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Object Insular gliomas can be resected with acceptable rates of neurological morbidity, but little is known with regard to impairment of higher-order neurocognitive functions. The frequency and functional impact of neurocognitive deficits in patients with gliomas has until recently been underappreciated. The authors therefore examined neurocognitive function in patients with insular gliomas and compared the findings in this group to those in a matched control group of patients with gliomas in nearby brain regions. Methods Thirty-three patients with WHO Grade II or III insular gliomas participated in neuropsychological evaluations before and after resection. To establish whether the pattern of neurocognitive performance was different from that of other patients with tumors in neighboring areas, patients with insular tumors were matched with control patients for age, educational level, preoperative Karnofsky Performance Scale score, tumor side, grade, and volume. The control group comprised patients in whom gliomas had been resected from frontal, temporal, and parietal areas near the insula. Baseline pre- and postoperative neurocognitive test results were compared between and within groups. Results Preoperative neurocognitive impairment was common in both insular and control groups. Patients with insular tumors had significantly worse preoperative performance on naming tests. In both groups, postoperative decline occurred in most neurocognitive domains. There were no statistically significant differences between patients in the insular and control groups with regard to rates of postoperative decline on any test. However, there were trends suggesting differential cognitive performance postoperatively, because patients with insular tumors were more likely to experience greater decline in learning and memory. Neurological morbidity was similar to prior rates reported in the literature. Conclusions Few statistically significant differences in cognitive function were observed between patients in the insular and control groups at either the pre- or postoperative evaluation, although there was a trend for patients with insular tumors to exhibit greater postoperative decline in learning and memory. Although technically more challenging, surgery for insular region glioma appears feasible without profound neurological or cognitive morbidity for many patients.

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Liouta, Evangelia, Christos Koutsarnakis, Faidon Liakos, and George Stranjalis. "Effects of intracranial meningioma location, size, and surgery on neurocognitive functions: a 3-year prospective study." Journal of Neurosurgery 124, no. 6 (June 2016): 1578–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2015.6.jns1549.

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OBJECT Current recommendations stress the need for cognitive parameters to be integrated in the evaluation of outcomes for intracranial meningioma surgery. The aim of this prospective study was to examine neurocognitive function in meningioma patients pre- and postoperatively. METHODS Patients with skull base (anterior and middle fossa) and convexity (anterior and posterior) meningiomas (n = 54) underwent neuropsychological examination prior to and 1 year after surgery. A control group (n = 52) of healthy volunteers matched for age, sex, and education underwent the same examination. Assessments included executive, memory, and motor functions with standardized testing. Patients with convexity meningiomas were clinically assessed for parietal association cortex functions. RESULTS All patients performed significantly worse (p < 0.05) in most neurocognitive domains than controls. The skull base group showed more disturbances in memory than the convexity group (p < 0.05). The anterior convexity group showed more deficits in executive function than the posterior convexity group, which presented with parietal association cortex deficits. Verbal deficits were more pronounced in the left hemisphere than in the right hemisphere. Patients with a large tumor (> 4 cm) had more severe neurocognitive deficits than those with a small tumor (< 4 cm). Postoperatively, patients showed no deterioration in neurocognitive function. Instead, significant improvement (p < 0.05) was observed in some executive, motor, and parietal association cortex functions. CONCLUSIONS According to the authors’ findings, intracranial meningiomas may cause neurocognitive deficits in patients. Surgery does not cause a deterioration in cognitive function; instead, it may lead to improvements in some functions. Permanent neuropsychological postoperative deficits should be interpreted as tumor-induced rather than due to surgery.

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Khosravi, Amir, Christian A. Skrabal, Bernd Westphal, Guenther Kundt, Brigitte Greim, Erwin Kunesch, Andreas Liebold, and Gustav Steinhoff. "Evaluation of coated oxygenators in cardiopulmonary bypass systems and their impact on neurocognitive function." Perfusion 20, no. 5 (September 2005): 249–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1191/0267659105pf818oa.

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Introduction: Coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) using cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is assumed to be associated with a decline of neurocognitive functions. This study was designed to analyse the neurocognitive function of patients with coronary heart disease before and after CABG and to determine possible protective effects of oxygenator surface coating on neurological outcome. Methods: Forty patients scheduled for selective CABG were prospectively randomized into two groups of 20 patients each according to the type of hollow-fibre membrane oxygenator used. Non-coated oxygenators (Group A) were compared to phosphorylcholine (PC)- coated oxygenators (Group B). A battery of six neurological tests was administered preoperatively, 7 - 10 days and 4 - 6 months after surgery. Results: One patient of Group A suffered from a perioperative stroke and died on postoperative day 3, presumably because of sudden heart failure. Two patients of Group A (10%) developed a symptomatic transitory delirious psychotic syndrome (STPT) on postoperative days 3 and 5. None of the patients of Group B had perioperative complications. The test analysis revealed a trend of declined neurocognitive function early after CABG, but did not show any difference in neurocognitive outcome between the two groups. Discussion: PC coating of the oxygenators did not show any significant benefit on neurocognitive function after CABG using CPB.

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Vargas, Teresa, Phoebe H. Lam, Matilda Azis, K. Juston Osborne, Amy Lieberman, and Vijay A. Mittal. "Childhood Trauma and Neurocognition in Adults With Psychotic Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis." Schizophrenia Bulletin 45, no. 6 (October 30, 2018): 1195–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sby150.

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Abstract Background Characterizing the link between childhood trauma and adult neurocognitive function in psychosis is crucial for improving the fields understanding of how early environmental risk factors impact the presentation of the disorder. To date, the literature has been inconsistent: meta-analytic synthesis is lacking, and it is unclear whether specific cognitive functions are affected. Methods A meta-analysis was performed on a total of 3315 subjects with a psychotic disorder. The links between childhood trauma, overall neurocognitive function, and four cognitive subdomains (working memory, executive function, verbal/visual memory, and attention/processing speed) were examined. Relevant sample characteristics and methodological moderators were tested. The strength of the association between trauma and overall neurocognition in individuals with psychotic disorders was also compared to that of healthy controls. Results Among individuals with psychotic disorders, there was a significant association between overall cognition and childhood trauma, r = −.055; 95% CI = −0.09, −0.02, P = .002. There was also a modest, negative relationship between childhood trauma and working memory, r = −.091; 95% CI = −0.15, −0.03, P = .002. Moderators did not have a significant effect on these analyses. Further, the association between childhood trauma and neurocognition was significantly stronger in healthy controls compared to patients with a psychotic disorder. Conclusion A small negative association was found between overall cognition and childhood trauma in individuals with psychotic disorders. Results suggest the association is less strong for individuals with a psychotic disorder compared to healthy populations. Findings are informative for prominent etiological models of psychosis.

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Klein, M. "SP-0845 Neurocognitive function after brain irradiation." Radiotherapy and Oncology 170 (May 2022): S755. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-8140(22)04039-7.

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Geller, Daniel A., Amitai Abramovitch, Andrew Mittelman, Abigail Stark, Kesley Ramsey, Allison Cooperman, Lee Baer, and S. Evelyn Stewart. "Neurocognitive function in paediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder." World Journal of Biological Psychiatry 19, no. 2 (February 14, 2017): 142–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15622975.2017.1282173.

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Blennow Nordström, Erik, and Gisela Lilja. "Assessment of neurocognitive function after cardiac arrest." Current Opinion in Critical Care 25, no. 3 (June 2019): 234–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/mcc.0000000000000607.

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Metzger, Jean-Claude, Olivier Lambercy, Antonella Califfi, Fabio M. Conti, and Roger Gassert. "Neurocognitive Robot-Assisted Therapy of Hand Function." IEEE Transactions on Haptics 7, no. 2 (April 2014): 140–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/toh.2013.72.

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Jepma, Marieke, Jaap Deinum, Christopher L. Asplund, Serge ARB Rombouts, Jouke T. Tamsma, Nathanja Tjeerdema, Michiel M. Spapé, et al. "Neurocognitive Function in Dopamine-β-Hydroxylase Deficiency." Neuropsychopharmacology 36, no. 8 (April 6, 2011): 1608–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/npp.2011.42.

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