Journal articles: 'Neural correlate'

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Bodovitz, Steven. "The neural correlate of consciousness." Journal of Theoretical Biology 254, no. 3 (October 2008): 594–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtbi.2008.04.019.

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Overgaard, Morten, Kristian Sandberg, and Mads Jensen. "The neural correlate of consciousness?" Journal of Theoretical Biology 254, no. 3 (October 2008): 713–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtbi.2008.06.025.

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Chen, Jing, and Karl Gegenfurtner. "A neural correlate of heterochromatic brightness." Journal of Vision 19, no. 10 (September 6, 2019): 250c. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/19.10.250c.

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Walther, S., A. Federspiel, T. Bracht, H. Horn, N. Razavi, W. Strik, and T. J. Müller. "Neural correlates of disturbed motor behavior in schizophrenia." European Psychiatry 26, S2 (March 2011): 1527. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(11)73231-x.

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IntroductionMotor behavior is altered in schizophrenia. Most patients have less physical activity than the general population. We have shown that actigraphic means of motor activity are influenced by negative syndrome scores, schizophrenia subtype and antipsychotic use.ObjectivesThe neural correlates of reduced motor activity in schizophrenia are widely unknown.AimsTo elucidate possible mechanisms, we correlated objective motor activity with measures of grey and white matter structure, as well as resting state perfusion.MethodsWe report the results of four studies from our lab. Schizophrenia patients and controls were scanned using a 3 T MRI scanner assessing resting perfusion (arterial spin labeling), structure and diffusion tensor imaging. In all participants, continuous actigraphy was performed for 24 hours in order to measure motor activity.ResultsResting perfusion in schizophrenia correlated with activity in bilateral prefrontal areas in patients, while in controls correlations were exclusively in the ventral anterior nucleus of the thalamus. In both groups, white matter integritiy in various frontal regions and the corticospinal tract correlated with motor activity. The group difference, however, was the inverse correlation of integrity and activity underneath the right supplemental motor area in patients. Grey matter volume did not correlate with activity in controls, but it did correlate in the posterior cingulate in patients.ConclusionsInterindividual differences in brain structure and perfusion are associated with varying motor activity. Multiple imaging approaches point to altered cortical motor control in schizophrenia.

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Hulme, Oliver J., Karl F. Friston, and Semir Zeki. "Neural Correlates of Stimulus Reportability." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 21, no. 8 (August 2009): 1602–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn.2009.21119.

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Most experiments on the “neural correlates of consciousness” employ stimulus reportability as an operational definition of what is consciously perceived. The interpretation of such experiments therefore depends critically on understanding the neural basis of stimulus reportability. Using a high volume of fMRI data, we investigated the neural correlates of stimulus reportability using a partial report object detection paradigm. Subjects were presented with a random array of circularly arranged disc-stimuli and were cued, after variable delays (following stimulus offset), to report the presence or absence of a disc at the cued location, using variable motor actions. By uncoupling stimulus processing, decision, and motor response, we were able to use signal detection theory to deconstruct the neural basis of stimulus reportability. We show that retinotopically specific responses in the early visual cortex correlate with stimulus processing but not decision or report; a network of parietal/temporal regions correlates with decisions but not stimulus presence, whereas classical motor regions correlate with report. These findings provide a basic framework for understanding the neural basis of stimulus reportability without the theoretical burden of presupposing a relationship between reportability and consciousness.

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Roy, A., P. N. Steinmetz, S. S. Hsiao, K. O. Johnson, and E. Niebur. "Synchrony: A Neural Correlate of Somatosensory Attention." Journal of Neurophysiology 98, no. 3 (September 2007): 1645–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00522.2006.

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We investigated whether synchrony between neuronal spike trains is affected by the animal's attentional state. Cross-correlation functions between pairs of spike trains in the second somatosensory cortex (SII) of three macaque monkeys trained to switch attention between a visual task and a tactile task were computed. We previously showed that the majority of recorded neuron pairs (66%) in SII cortex fire synchronously while the animals performed either task and that in a subset of neuron pairs (17%), the degree of synchrony was affected by the animal's attentional state. Of the neuron pairs that showed changes in synchrony with attention, about 80% showed increased synchrony when the animal attended to the tactile stimulus. Here, we show that peak correlation typically occurred at a delay <25 ms; most commonly the delay was close to zero. Half-widths of the correlation peaks were distributed between a few milliseconds and hundreds of milliseconds, with the majority lying <100 ms and the mode of the distribution around 20–30 ms. Maximal change in synchrony occurred mainly during the periods when the stimulus was present, and synchrony usually increased when attention was on the tactile stimulus. If periods of elevated firing rates around the motor response times were removed from the analysis, the percentage of pairs that changed the degree of synchrony with attention more than doubled (from 35 to 72%). The observed effects did not depend on details of the statistical criteria or of the time window used in the analysis.

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Firzlaff, U. "A Neural Correlate of Stochastic Echo Imaging." Journal of Neuroscience 26, no. 3 (January 18, 2006): 785–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1523/jneurosci.3478-05.2006.

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Fedorenko, Evelina, Terri L. Scott, Peter Brunner, William G. Coon, Brianna Pritchett, Gerwin Schalk, and Nancy Kanwisher. "Neural correlate of the construction of sentence meaning." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113, no. 41 (September 26, 2016): E6256—E6262. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1612132113.

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The neural processes that underlie your ability to read and understand this sentence are unknown. Sentence comprehension occurs very rapidly, and can only be understood at a mechanistic level by discovering the precise sequence of underlying computational and neural events. However, we have no continuous and online neural measure of sentence processing with high spatial and temporal resolution. Here we report just such a measure: intracranial recordings from the surface of the human brain show that neural activity, indexed by γ-power, increases monotonically over the course of a sentence as people read it. This steady increase in activity is absent when people read and remember nonword-lists, despite the higher cognitive demand entailed, ruling out accounts in terms of generic attention, working memory, and cognitive load. Response increases are lower for sentence structure without meaning (“Jabberwocky” sentences) and word meaning without sentence structure (word-lists), showing that this effect is not explained by responses to syntax or word meaning alone. Instead, the full effect is found only for sentences, implicating compositional processes of sentence understanding, a striking and unique feature of human language not shared with animal communication systems. This work opens up new avenues for investigating the sequence of neural events that underlie the construction of linguistic meaning.

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Kusch, M., C. C. Schmidt, L. Göden, C. Tscherpel, J. Stahl, J. Saliger, H. Karbe, G. R. Fink, and P. H. Weiss. "Recovery from apraxic deficits and its neural correlate." Restorative Neurology and Neuroscience 36, no. 6 (November 27, 2018): 669–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/rnn-180815.

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Schreiber, Kai M. "The Neural Correlate of Ignorance An fMRI Study." Annals of Improbable Research 13, no. 4 (July 1, 2007): 15–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3142/107951407782053489.

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Block, Ned. "How to Find the Neural Correlate of Consciousness." Royal Institute of Philosophy Supplement 43 (March 1998): 23–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1358246100004288.

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There are two concepts of consciousness that are easy to confuse with one another, access-consciousness and phenomenal consciousness. However, just as the concepts of water and H2O are different concepts of the same thing, so the two concepts of consciousness may come to the same thing in the brain. The focus of this paper is on the problems that arise when these two concepts of consciousness are conflated. I will argue that John Searle's reasoning about the function of consciousness goes wrong because he conflates the two senses. And Francis Crick and Christof Koch fall afoul of the ambiguity in arguing that visual area V1 is not part of the neural correlate of consciousness. Crick and Koch's work raises issues that suggest that these two concepts of consciousness may have different (though overlapping) neural correlates – despite Crick and Koch's implicit rejection of this idea.

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Landman, R., H. Spekreijse, and V. A. F. Lamme. "A neural correlate of change blindness in V1." Journal of Vision 1, no. 3 (March 14, 2010): 128. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/1.3.128.

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Palmiter, R. D. "Dopamine signaling as a neural correlate of consciousness." Neuroscience 198 (December 2011): 213–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroscience.2011.06.089.

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Patterson Gentile, Carlyn, and Geoffrey Karl Aguirre. "A neural correlate of visual discomfort from flicker." Journal of Vision 20, no. 7 (July 15, 2020): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/jov.20.7.11.

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Shevrin, Howard, Jess H. Ghannam, and Benjamin Libet. "A Neural Correlate of Consciousness Related to Repression." Consciousness and Cognition 11, no. 2 (June 2002): 334–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/ccog.2002.0553.

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Buff, C., C. Schmidt, L. Brinkmann, B. Gathmann, S. Tupak, and T. Straube. "Directed threat imagery in generalized anxiety disorder." Psychological Medicine 48, no. 4 (July 24, 2017): 617–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291717001957.

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BackgroundWorrying has been suggested to prevent emotional and elaborative processing of fears. In cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) patients are exposed to their fears during the method of directed threat imagery by inducing emotional reactivity. However, studies investigating neural correlates of directed threat imagery and emotional reactivity in GAD patients are lacking. The present functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study aimed at delineating neural correlates of directed threat imagery in GAD patients.MethodNineteen GAD patients and 19 healthy controls (HC) were exposed to narrative scripts of either disorder-related or neutral content and were encouraged to imagine it as vividly as possible.ResultsRating results showed that GAD patients experienced disorder-related scripts as more anxiety inducing and arousing than HC. These results were also reflected in fMRI data: Disorder-related v. neutral scripts elicited elevated activity in the amygdala, dorsomedial prefrontal cortex, ventrolateral prefrontal cortex and the thalamus as well as reduced activity in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex/subgenual anterior cingulate cortex in GAD patients relative to HC.ConclusionThe present study presents the first behavioral and neural evidence for emotional reactivity during directed threat imagery in GAD. The brain activity pattern suggests an involvement of a fear processing network as a neural correlate of initial exposure during directed imagery in CBT in GAD.

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Baumann, Alexander, Adelheid Nebel, Oliver Granert, Kathrin Giehl, Stephan Wolff, Wiebke Schmidt, Christin Baasch, et al. "Neural Correlates of Hypokinetic Dysarthria and Mechanisms of Effective Voice Treatment in Parkinson Disease." Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair 32, no. 12 (November 16, 2018): 1055–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1545968318812726.

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Background. Hypokinetic dysarthria is highly prevalent in idiopathic Parkinson disease (PD), and effectiveness of high-intensity voice treatment is well established. However, the neural correlates remain largely unknown. Objective. We aimed to specify cerebral pathophysiology of hypokinetic dysarthria and treatment-induced changes using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Methods. We used fMRI to investigate healthy controls (HCs) and patients with idiopathic PD–associated dysarthria before and after treatment according to the Lee Silverman Voice Treatment LOUD (LSVT). During fMRI, participants covertly read sentences with normal (eg, conversation in a quiet room) or high (eg, shouting on a windy beach) intensity. In addition, we tested LSVT effects on intelligibility and different speech features (intensity, pitch, articulation). Results. LSVT effectively improved intelligibility, articulation, and pitch in patients. Covert high-intensity speech compared with covert normal-intensity speech led to increased activation of mainly secondary motor areas and bilateral superior and medial temporal regions. Prior to LSVT, patients showed less activity in several speech-associated areas compared with HCs. As a neural correlate of effective LSVT, increased right-sided superior temporal activity correlated with improved intelligibility. Conclusion. This is the first brain imaging study using a covert speech paradigm in PD, which revealed cortical hypoactivation as correlate of hypokinetic dysarthria. Furthermore, cortical correlates of effective LSVT treatment colocalized with the neuronal network, showing increased activation during high- versus normal-intensity speech generation.

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Lacey, Micayla French, and Philip A. Gable. "Frontal Asymmetry as a Neural Correlate of Motivational Conflict." Symmetry 14, no. 3 (March 2, 2022): 507. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym14030507.

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Motivational systems of approach, avoidance, and inhibition are fundamental to human behavior. While past research has linked approach motivation with greater relative left frontal asymmetry, many attempts to link avoidance motivation with greater relative right frontal asymmetry have been mixed. These mixed effects could be due to coactivation of the avoidance and behavioral inhibition system (BIS). Much recent evidence indicates that the behavioral inhibition system may be associated with greater relative right frontal activation. The current review examines evidence linking traits associated with the behavioral inhibition system with resting right frontal asymmetry. Other research links individual differences associated with the behavioral inhibition system with state changes in relative right frontal asymmetry. Moreover, activation of the behavioral inhibition system, but not activation of withdrawal motivation, increases greater relative right frontal asymmetry. Together, this work highlights the role of relative frontal asymmetry as a neural correlate in motivational conflict and helps to disentangle behavioral inhibition from avoidance motivation.

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Indefrey, P., C. M. Brown, F. Hellwig, K. Amunts, H. Herzog, R. J. Seitz, and P. Hagoort. "A neural correlate of syntactic encoding during speech production." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 98, no. 10 (May 1, 2001): 5933–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.101118098.

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de-Wit, Lee, and Dietrich Samuel Schwarzkopf. "Do We Need Another Neural Correlate of Contour Integration?" i-Perception 5, no. 1 (January 2014): 50–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/i0629jc.

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Mehrpour, Vahid, Yalda Mohsenzadeh, Andrew Jaegle, Travis Meyer, Aude Oliva, and Nicole C. Rust. "A neural correlate of image memorability in inferotemporal cortex." Journal of Vision 19, no. 10 (September 6, 2019): 91c. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/19.10.91c.

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Meister, Ingo G., Jürgen Weidemann, Henrik Foltys, Henning Brand, Klaus Willmes, Timo Krings, Armin Thron, Rudolf Töpper, and Babak Boroojerdi. "The neural correlate of very-long-term picture priming." European Journal of Neuroscience 21, no. 4 (March 9, 2005): 1101–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-9568.2005.03941.x.

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Block, Ned. "How Not To Find the Neural Correlate of Consciousness." Intellectica. Revue de l'Association pour la Recherche Cognitive 31, no. 2 (2000): 125–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/intel.2000.1604.

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Huang, Ge, Suchitra Ramachandran, Tai Sing Lee, and Carl R. Olson. "Neural Correlate of Visual Familiarity in Macaque Area V2." Journal of Neuroscience 38, no. 42 (September 4, 2018): 8967–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1523/jneurosci.0664-18.2018.

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Guzman-Martinez, J. E., L. Ortega, M. Grabowecky, and S. Suzuki. "A neural correlate of the visual temporal-dilation aftereffect." Journal of Vision 13, no. 9 (July 25, 2013): 310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/13.9.310.

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Reijmers, L. G., B. L. Perkins, N. Matsuo, and M. Mayford. "Localization of a Stable Neural Correlate of Associative Memory." Science 317, no. 5842 (August 31, 2007): 1230–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1143839.

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Nahum, Louis, Jean-Michel Pignat, Aurélie Bouzerda-Wahlen, Damien Gabriel, Maria Chiara Liverani, François Lazeyras, Radek Ptak, et al. "Neural Correlate of Anterograde Amnesia in Wernicke–Korsakoff Syndrome." Brain Topography 28, no. 5 (August 23, 2014): 760–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10548-014-0391-5.

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Kantonen, Oskari, Lauri Laaksonen, Michael Alkire, Annalotta Scheinin, Jaakko Långsjö, Roosa E. Kallionpää, Kaike Kaisti, et al. "Thalamic activity is a neural correlate of connected consciousness." British Journal of Anaesthesia 130, no. 2 (February 2023): e394-e395. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bja.2022.07.025.

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Paudel, Sudip, Eileen Ablondi, Morgan Sehdev, John Marken, Andrew Halleran, Atiqur Rahman, Peter Kemper, and Margaret S. Saha. "Calcium Activity Dynamics Correlate with Neuronal Phenotype at a Single Cell Level and in a Threshold-Dependent Manner." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 8 (April 16, 2019): 1880. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20081880.

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Calcium is a ubiquitous signaling molecule that plays a vital role in many physiological processes. Recent work has shown that calcium activity is especially critical in vertebrate neural development. Here, we investigated if calcium activity and neuronal phenotype are correlated only on a population level or on the level of single cells. Using Xenopus primary cell culture in which individual cells can be unambiguously identified and associated with a molecular phenotype, we correlated calcium activity with neuronal phenotype on the single-cell level. This analysis revealed that, at the neural plate stage, a high frequency of low-amplitude spiking activity correlates with an excitatory, glutamatergic phenotype, while high-amplitude spiking activity correlates with an inhibitory, GABAergic phenotype. Surprisingly, we also found that high-frequency, low-amplitude spiking activity correlates with neural progenitor cells and that differentiating cells exhibit higher spike amplitude. Additional methods of analysis suggested that differentiating marker tubb2b-expressing cells exhibit relatively persistent and predictable calcium activity compared to the irregular activity of neural progenitor cells. Our study highlights the value of using a range of thresholds for analyzing calcium activity data and underscores the importance of employing multiple methods to characterize the often irregular, complex patterns of calcium activity during early neural development.

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Barkasi, Michael. "What Blindsight Means for the Neural Correlates of Consciousness." Journal of Consciousness Studies 28, no. 11 (November 20, 2021): 7–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.53765/20512201.28.11.007.

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Do perceptual experiences always inherit the content of their neural correlates? Most scientists and philosophers working on perception say 'yes'. They hold the view that an experience's content just is (i.e.is identical to) the content of its neural correlate. This paper presses back against this view, while trying to retain as much of its spirit as possible. The paper argues that type-2 blindsight experiences are plausible cases of experiences which lack the content of their neural correlates. They are not experiences of the stimuli or stimulus properties prompting them, but their neural correlates represent these stimulus properties. The argument doesn't depend on any special view of what it is for an experience to be of a stimulus or stimulus property. The upshot is that, even assuming there is a deep relationship between experiential content and neural content, that relationship is more complex than simple identity.

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Blake, Randolph, Jan Brascamp, and David J. Heeger. "Can binocular rivalry reveal neural correlates of consciousness?" Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 369, no. 1641 (May 5, 2014): 20130211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2013.0211.

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This essay critically examines the extent to which binocular rivalry can provide important clues about the neural correlates of conscious visual perception. Our ideas are presented within the framework of four questions about the use of rivalry for this purpose: (i) what constitutes an adequate comparison condition for gauging rivalry's impact on awareness, (ii) how can one distinguish abolished awareness from inattention, (iii) when one obtains unequivocal evidence for a causal link between a fluctuating measure of neural activity and fluctuating perceptual states during rivalry, will it generalize to other stimulus conditions and perceptual phenomena and (iv) does such evidence necessarily indicate that this neural activity constitutes a neural correlate of consciousness? While arriving at sceptical answers to these four questions, the essay nonetheless offers some ideas about how a more nuanced utilization of binocular rivalry may still provide fundamental insights about neural dynamics, and glimpses of at least some of the ingredients comprising neural correlates of consciousness, including those involved in perceptual decision-making.

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Nieder, Andreas, Lysann Wagener, and Paul Rinnert. "A neural correlate of sensory consciousness in a corvid bird." Science 369, no. 6511 (September 24, 2020): 1626–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.abb1447.

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Subjective experiences that can be consciously accessed and reported are associated with the cerebral cortex. Whether sensory consciousness can also arise from differently organized brains that lack a layered cerebral cortex, such as the bird brain, remains unknown. We show that single-neuron responses in the pallial endbrain of crows performing a visual detection task correlate with the birds’ perception about stimulus presence or absence and argue that this is an empirical marker of avian consciousness. Neuronal activity follows a temporal two-stage process in which the first activity component mainly reflects physical stimulus intensity, whereas the later component predicts the crows’ perceptual reports. These results suggest that the neural foundations that allow sensory consciousness arose either before the emergence of mammals or independently in at least the avian lineage and do not necessarily require a cerebral cortex.

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Dowiasch, Stefan, Gunnar Blohm, and Frank Bremmer. "Neural correlate of spatial (mis‐)localization during smooth eye movements." European Journal of Neuroscience 44, no. 2 (June 12, 2016): 1846–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ejn.13276.

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Lauwereyns, Johan, Katsumi Watanabe, Brian Coe, and Okihide Hikosaka. "A neural correlate of response bias in monkey caudate nucleus." Nature 418, no. 6896 (July 2002): 413–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature00892.

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Zhu, Z., and F. Fang. "The neural correlate of the polarity advantage effect in crowding." Journal of Vision 14, no. 10 (August 22, 2014): 775. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/14.10.775.

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Webber, S. "Who Am I? Locating the neural correlate of the self." Bioscience Horizons 4, no. 2 (May 4, 2011): 165–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/biohorizons/hzr018.

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Amano, K., D. Arnold, A. Johnston, and T. Takeda. "Watching the brain oscillating : A neural correlate of illusory jitter." Journal of Vision 6, no. 6 (March 24, 2010): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/6.6.69.

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Lu, Xiaofeng, Masako Matsuzawa, and Okihide Hikosaka. "A Neural Correlate of Oculomotor Sequences in Supplementary Eye Field." Neuron 34, no. 2 (April 2002): 317–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0896-6273(02)00657-8.

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Brancucci, Alfredo, Victor Lugli, Mauro Gianni Perrucci, Cosimo Del Gratta, and Luca Tommasi. "A frontal but not parietal neural correlate of auditory consciousness." Brain Structure and Function 221, no. 1 (October 25, 2014): 463–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00429-014-0918-2.

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Bekrater-Bodmann, Robin. "S110 Phantom limb pain – A correlate of maladaptive neural plasticity." Clinical Neurophysiology 128, no. 9 (September 2017): e214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clinph.2017.07.121.

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Zhong, Xiyun, Ruojun Wang, Shiyun Huang, Jingwei Chen, Hongmin Chen, and Chen Qu. "The neural correlate of mid-value offers in ultimatum game." PLOS ONE 14, no. 8 (August 20, 2019): e0220622. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0220622.

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Leube, D. "The Neural Basis of Disorganized Symptoms in Schizophrenia." European Psychiatry 24, S1 (January 2009): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(09)70374-8.

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Structural brain changes in schizophrenia patients have been reported in many studies. It is still unclear how these changes relate to psychopathological symptom clusters. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether scores of the subscales from a five factorial model of the PANSS correlate with changes of brain morphology.High-resolution magnetic resonance imaging scans from 54 patients with schizophrenia were analyzed with voxel based morphometry, a voxel-wise whole brain morphometric technique. We correlated grey matter density with the subscales of a five factor component analysis of the PANSS score. Additionally we performed a two group comparison with 101 healthy control subjects.Significant negative correlations of the disorganization score with grey matter density were found for clusters of voxels in the right inferior frontal, right insular cortex, left temporal pole and left superior temporal gyrus, as well as cingulate cortex and cerebellum. No morphological correlate was found for the other four subscales. P atients showed significant less grey matter density than control subjects in the left and right insula lobe and superior temporal gyrus, left inferior frontal gyrus, right middle frontal gyrus and left anterior cingulate cortex.The disorganisation syndrome in schizophrenia is linked to particular morphological grey matter reductions in key areas of the disorder. The data support the hypothesis that different symptom clusters in schizophrenia might have different neural substrates.

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Nelken, Israel, and Nachum Ulanovsky. "Mismatch Negativity and Stimulus-Specific Adaptation in Animal Models." Journal of Psychophysiology 21, no. 3-4 (January 2007): 214–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/0269-8803.21.34.214.

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Animal models of MMN may serve both to further our understanding of neural processing beyond pure sensory coding and for unraveling the neural and pharmacological processes involved in the generation of MMN. We start this review by discussing the methodological issues that are especially important when pursuing a single-neuron correlate of MMN. Correlates of MMN have been studied in mice, rats, cats, and primates. Whereas essentially all of these studies demonstrated the presence of stimulus-specific adaptation, in the sense that responses to deviant tones are larger than the responses to standard tones, the presence of real MMN has been established only in a few. We argue for the use of more and better controls in order to clarify the situation. Finally, we discuss in detail the relationships between stimulus-specific adaptation of single-neuron responses, as established in the cat auditory cortex, and MMN. We argue that this is currently the only fully established correlate of true change detection, and hypothesize that it precedes and probably induces the neural activity that is eventually measured as MMN.

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Maccotta, Luigi, and Randy L. Buckner. "Evidence for Neural Effects of Repetition that Directly Correlate with Behavioral Priming." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 16, no. 9 (November 2004): 1625–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/0898929042568451.

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Stimulus repetition associates with neural activity reductions during tasks that elicit behavioral priming. Here we present direct evidence for a quantitative relation between neural activity reductions and behavioral priming. Fifty-four subjects performed a word classification task while being scanned with functional MRI. Activity reductions were found in multiple high-level cortical regions including those within the prefrontal cortex. Importantly, activity within several of these regions, including the prefrontal cortex, correlated with behavior such that greater activity reductions associated with faster performance. Whole-brain correlational analyses confirmed the observation of anatomic overlap between regions showing activity reductions and those showing direct brain–behavioral correlations. The finding of a quantitative relation between neural and behavioral effects in frontal regions suggests that repetition reduces frontally mediated processing in a manner that ultimately facilitates behavior.

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Wang, Tracy H., Marianne de Chastelaine, Brian Minton, and Michael D. Rugg. "Effects of Age on the Neural Correlates of Familiarity as Indexed by ERPs." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 24, no. 5 (May 2012): 1055–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_00129.

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ERPs were recorded from samples of young (18–29 years) and older (63–77 years) participants while they performed a modified “remember–know” recognition memory test. ERP correlates of familiarity-driven recognition were obtained by contrasting the waveforms elicited by unrecollected test items accorded “confident old” and “confident new” judgments. Correlates of recollection were identified by contrasting the ERPs elicited by items accorded “remember” and confident old judgments. Behavioral analyses revealed lower estimates of both recollection and familiarity in older participants than in young participants. The putative ERP correlate of recollection—the “left parietal old–new effect”—was evident in both age groups, although it was slightly but significantly smaller in the older sample. By contrast, the putative ERP correlate of familiarity—the “midfrontal old–new effect”—could be identified in young participants only. This age-related difference in the sensitivity of ERPs to familiarity was also evident in subgroups of young and older participants, in whom familiarity-based recognition performance was equivalent. Thus, the inability to detect a reliable midfrontal old–new effect in older participants was not a consequence of an age-related decline in the strength of familiarity. These findings raise the possibility that familiarity-based recognition memory depends upon qualitatively different memory signals in older and young adults.

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Lai, Carlo, Giada Lucarelli, Gaia Romana Pellicano, Giuseppe Massaro, Daniela Altavilla, and Paola Aceto. "Neural correlate of the impact of dream recall on emotional processing." Dreaming 29, no. 1 (March 2019): 40–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/drm0000096.

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Sheth, Kevin N., B. Michael Walker, Edward J. Modestino, Atsushi Miki, Kyla P. Terhune, Ellie L. Francis, John C. Haselgrove, and Grant T. Liu. "Neural Correlate of Vernier Acuity Tasks Assessed by Functional MRI (fMRI)." Current Eye Research 32, no. 7-8 (January 2007): 717–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02713680701477815.

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Goodson, James L., Andrew K. Evans, and Kiran K. Soma. "Neural responses to aggressive challenge correlate with behavior in nonbreeding sparrows." NeuroReport 16, no. 15 (October 2005): 1719–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.wnr.0000183898.47160.15.

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Vinogradov, S., T. L. Luks, B. J. Schulman, and G. V. Simpson. "Deficit in a Neural Correlate of Reality Monitoring in Schizophrenia Patients." Cerebral Cortex 18, no. 11 (March 4, 2008): 2532–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhn028.

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Kayser, Andrew S., Zdeňa Op de Macks, Ronald E. Dahl, and Michael J. Frank. "A Neural Correlate of Strategic Exploration at the Onset of Adolescence." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 28, no. 2 (February 2016): 199–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_00896.

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The onset of adolescence is associated with an increase in the behavioral tendency to explore and seek novel experiences. However, this exploration has rarely been quantified, and its neural correlates during this period remain unclear. Previously, activity within specific regions of the rostrolateral PFC (rlPFC) in adults has been shown to correlate with the tendency for exploration. Here we investigate a recently developed task to assess individual differences in strategic exploration, defined as the degree to which the relative uncertainty of rewards directs responding toward less well-evaluated choices, in 62 girls aged 11–13 years from whom resting state fMRI data were obtained in a separate session. Behaviorally, this task divided our participants into groups of explorers (n = 41) and nonexplorers (n = 21). When seed ROIs within the rlPFC were used to interrogate resting state fMRI data, we identified a lateralized connection between the rlPFC and posterior putamen/insula whose strength differentiated explorers from nonexplorers. On the basis of Granger causality analyses, the preponderant direction of influence may proceed from posterior to anterior. Together, these data provide initial evidence concerning the neural basis of exploratory tendencies at the onset of adolescence.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Neural correlate'

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