Academic literature on the topic 'Networked teaching and learning'
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Journal articles on the topic "Networked teaching and learning"
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Joksimovic, Srecko, Dragan Gasevic, and Marek Hatala. "Learning Analytics for Networked Learning Models." Journal of Learning Analytics 1, no. 3 (December 24, 2014): 191–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.18608/jla.2014.13.20.
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Teaching and learning in networked setting has attained a significant amount of attention recently. The central topic of networked learning research is human-human and human-information interactions that occur within a networked learning environment. The nature of these interactions is highly complex and usually requires a multi-dimensional approach in analyzing their effects. Therefore, the main goal of this research is the development of a theoretical model that allows for a comprehensive and scalable analysis of how and why learners engage into collaboration in networked communities. The proposed research method, anticipated research outcomes and contributions to the learning analytics field are discussed.
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Bohne, Christoph, Friedhelm Eicker, and Gesine Haseloff. "Competence-based vocational education and training (VET)." European Journal of Training and Development 41, no. 1 (January 3, 2017): 28–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ejtd-07-2016-0052.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to develop a vocational scientific constructivist concept meant for shaping competence-based and networked teaching and learning in vocational education and training (VET). Design/methodology/approach VET must enable learners to shape work within the context of conceptions based on the development of society. Refresher trainings cannot realise this. Concepts need a shaping competence-based and networked approach. Teaching and learning networks, learning projects and digital media are the keys to this approach. Findings The focus of the planned concept lies on shaping competence-based teaching and learning. This can be realised with innovative teaching and learning networks. Digital media can support this. The planned concept will be justified. The systematic planning of an exemplary learning project will be discussed. Practical implications This paper lays the ground to evaluate the relevance and range of shaping competence-based and networked teaching and learning. Originality/value The concept was (co-)developed by the University of Rostock. It was tested in first learning projects. These experiences are taken into account. The aim is to emphasise that the intended approach is a justified educational strategy in colleges, companies and other places of learning dealing with VET.
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Xu, Ling, and Wei He. "Networked Learning Community Construction Based on Instant Messaging Software." Advanced Materials Research 971-973 (June 2014): 1663–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.971-973.1663.
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The development of network technology is changing our teaching. Specially, the network has become an important tool of resource sharing, which greatly improved the efficiency of information retrieval. But, the interactive function of network has not obtained the very good play in teaching. With the collaboration of learning features and instant messaging software, analyzes the teaching function of instant messaging software, puts forward the scheme of network learning community construction through instant messaging software, construct learning-centered teaching.
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Xalima, Ahmedova. "TEACHING COMPETENCIES IN TEACHING FOREIGN LANGUAGES IN HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEM." European International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Management Studies 02, no. 11 (November 1, 2022): 49–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.55640/eijmrms-02-11-14.
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The rise of the borderless world and networked organizations, as well as, the almost irreversible phenomenon of increased movement of workers, students, visitors and retirees to overseas destinations, has made inter-cultural competence a compelling proposition. This article clarifies the definition of cross-cultural competence in the context of adult learning and discusses the essential elements of cultural competence. The paper also outlines the reason that requires teachers in adult education to be culturally competent themselves.
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Mantai, Lilia, and Elaine Huber. "Networked Teaching: Overcoming the Barriers to Teaching Experiential Learning in Large Classes." Journal of Management Education 45, no. 5 (February 13, 2021): 715–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1052562920984506.
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As student enrolments grow and student diversity increases in many areas of higher education, faculty face challenges to support and ensure individual student learning and development. At the same time, active and experiential approaches to learning are recognized for their potential to develop autonomy and critical thinking, among other valuable skills. However, such approaches are challenging to implement at scale and alter the educator’s role from a directive one to a more facilitating role. This article reports on a questionnaire with 66 business academics at a large Australian metropolitan university that examined teaching experiences at scale and identified perceived barriers and enablers of experiential learning in large classes. Academics reported their lived experiences of teaching at scale and revealed the need to recognize teaching practice as a highly networked and distributed activity. In experiential learning, and particularly in large classes, the locus of control for learning shifts to the student, leading to feelings of disorientation and disempowerment. We make several recommendations for teaching development, faculty, and future research.
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Wang, Yujia. "Exploration on the Operation Status and Optimization Strategy of Networked Teaching of Physical Education Curriculum Based on AI Algorithm." International Journal of Information Technologies and Systems Approach 16, no. 3 (January 27, 2023): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijitsa.316892.
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Artificial Intelligence (AI) and networked teaching have made great progress in recent years, especially the application of AI algorithms in teaching, which has been relatively mature. The online teaching of physical education (PE) courses is an important practice of networked teaching, but many colleges and universities ignore the importance of AI when carrying out such teaching work. Many colleges and universities have not played a good role in AI in teaching, which leads to inefficient PE teaching and low learning enthusiasm of students.
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Kontopoulos, Ourania, Vivian Ford, and Stacy Roth. "Collaborative Teaching and Learning in a Networked Course Setting." Community & Junior College Libraries 14, no. 1 (January 2007): 63–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j107v14n01_07.
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Cheng, Tung Lai. "Applying networked learning to improve learner interactions: A new paradigm of teaching and learning in ODL." Asian Association of Open Universities Journal 8, no. 2 (September 1, 2013): 67–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/aaouj-08-02-2013-b006.
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Historically, much of online distance education has been plagued by issues such as a lack of participant interaction from learner-to-learner or learner-to-instructor. With the development of Web 2.0 and the recent emergence of social media sites, there are new opportunities for distance learners to practise 21st-century skills in collaboration, knowledge sharing and developing critical thinking. General interest regarding networked learning pedagogies has shifted to the use of social media tools as a replacement tool to enhance student learning in the Web 2.0 environment. The integration and use of social networking technology as a distance learning platform seems to hold promise for the distance learning mode. Many distance education institutions have traditionally employed a learning management platform (LMS), which in a broad sense does promote a certain exchange of information between learners. However, these platforms suffer from not performing in "real time" and are very much lesson-focused. In contrast, networked learning, which relies heavily on social networking media, can offer a better learning environment to students. The important feature is that it focuses on people (the learners) rather than simply the content, which, in turn, helps build a "learning community". This paper explores the pedagogical linkages between the networked learning approach and social networking media. A comprehensive technical literature review of the history of social media networking in the ODL environment and the primary role and impact on ODL are discussed and analysed. This exploratory paper provides some insight into the strategies ODL institutions could adopt to better understand the new paradigm of teaching and learning in a networked world.
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Jauregi, Kristi, Rick De Graaff, and Huub van den Bergh. "Learning by doing: Promoting language teacher competencies for networked teaching and learning." Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 34 (2012): 116–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.02.024.
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Boyd, William, and Diane Newton. "Times of Change, Times of Turbulence." International Journal of Cyber Ethics in Education 1, no. 3 (July 2011): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijcee.2011070101.
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Rapid changes in academic work environments raise ethical dilemmas in supporting students, implementing policies, and developing professional practice. New teaching technologies require academics to consider community aspects of learning and teaching and impacts on student learning in networked environments. This paper critically reflects on recent experience at a small Australian regional university adapting teaching- notably through on-line environments- to respond to student learning need diversity. Applying Shapiro’s use of the ethics of care, critique, justice and the profession to examine ethical dilemmas associated with increasingly networked and on-line learning, the authors propose that an ethics of community will assist finding practical solutions to ethical dilemmas in curriculum development and delivery. This approach shifts from the individual as moral agent to ethical practice as communal processes. Considering community practices and processes can frame and critique learning and teaching approaches, policies and administration to assist students and staff develop ethical scholarship and professionalism.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Networked teaching and learning"
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Yang, Dai Fei. "Improving Networked Learning in Higher Education: Language Functions and Design Patterns." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/2465.
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The thesis of this study is that two seemingly disparate research disciplines can be coalesced to develop an effective pedagogical framework for educational design in the context of networked learning. That contention is grounded in, and inspired by, the rapid developments in educational technologies which have greatly changed the landscape in teaching and learning in higher education over the last decade. The study attempts to add to the corpus of contemporary learning theory which sees students not merely as passive recipients of knowledge, but as active participants in the learning process, having much greater control over their selection of technological learning tools, learning resources and learning methodologies. This is very much in line with the shift from the traditional focus on content design and knowledge transmission towards a more student-centred design for knowledge co-construction, a development which demands the type of new thinking about the design of learning tasks and learning resources contained in this study. Also set out are new lines of action for the fashioning of a collaborative learning environment, for community interaction and the sharing of knowledge, and for promoting good teaching and learning practice. The central argument of the study is that such pedagogical goals may be attained by juxtaposing the theories of Systemic Functional Linguistics (hereafter SFL) and pattern languages. These have not, thus far, been used in combination. SFL is a well established theory in the study of language, and is used in this thesis to help analyse and classify discourses produced and shared by teachers and students in networked learning. Pattern languages have their origin in architecture. Design patterns can be used as a means of representing and sharing important and specific empirical research results and design experiences. This new knowledge can be used to support and improve the quality of educational design. The study has two central components. The first uses the SFL theoretical framework to demonstrate how text is used as a key medium in networked learning. In other words, it is argued in this section that the quality of texts has a direct impact on the quality of learning and learning outcomes. The quality of text is assessed by means of a detailed discourse analysis of selected texts. This process involves deconstructing, identifying and capturing the linguistic resources and language strategies used in the texts. The detailed discourse analysis also illustrates and reveals how language is used in the construction of knowledge and the promotion of collaboration in teaching and learning. The second component centres on the argument that SFL provides valuable language knowledge which can be represented by using Alexander’s design patterns. New knowledge encoded in these design patterns can be used by teachers and designers as reusable and shared resources to help them improve their design work. The empirical research was carried out in three phases. The first involved a) the identification of text patterns of discourses used in networked learning based on detailed discourse analysis; b) Interviewing experienced academic staff to identify their perspectives on good online teaching practices and success factors. The second phase involved using the data which emerged from these interviews and discourse analysis to model illustrative patterns. (Here, illustrative means that due to the scope of the study, it is only possible to develop a limited number of patterns to illustrate the methods used for pattern development. It is not the intention to develop a full repository of design patterns in this study). In the third (validation) phase the patterns were reviewed by two groups of academic staff, with the aim of improving these patterns. Improved patterns were then tested on a group of educational design students for their usefulness and application. It is concluded from this research that it is possible to develop design patterns which ensure the best use of linguistic resources in both the teaching and learning process. Finally, it is argued that the combination of SFL and pattern languages provides a promising theoretical framework for the complex and demanding task of educational design. Future research could make use of such a framework to explore a fuller application of the pattern- based approach for the representation of new knowledge for educational design. Suggested additional research directions include finding new ways of capturing a new pedagogical approach to mobile learning and blended learning. Also, a promising direction could be the use of SFL Appraisal theory (Martin, 2000) for the investigation on how students construct interpersonal relationships (appraise peer work) in online joint projects. In the conclusion, it is contended that through its exploration of new ground in the use of SFL and pattern language theory in the construction of education design patterns, the study makes a significant contribution to knowledge in the field of networked learning.
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Yang, Dai Fei. "Improving Networked Learning in Higher Education: Language Functions and Design Patterns." University of Sydney, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/2465.
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Doctor of PhilosophyThe thesis of this study is that two seemingly disparate research disciplines can be coalesced to develop an effective pedagogical framework for educational design in the context of networked learning. That contention is grounded in, and inspired by, the rapid developments in educational technologies which have greatly changed the landscape in teaching and learning in higher education over the last decade. The study attempts to add to the corpus of contemporary learning theory which sees students not merely as passive recipients of knowledge, but as active participants in the learning process, having much greater control over their selection of technological learning tools, learning resources and learning methodologies. This is very much in line with the shift from the traditional focus on content design and knowledge transmission towards a more student-centred design for knowledge co-construction, a development which demands the type of new thinking about the design of learning tasks and learning resources contained in this study. Also set out are new lines of action for the fashioning of a collaborative learning environment, for community interaction and the sharing of knowledge, and for promoting good teaching and learning practice. The central argument of the study is that such pedagogical goals may be attained by juxtaposing the theories of Systemic Functional Linguistics (hereafter SFL) and pattern languages. These have not, thus far, been used in combination. SFL is a well established theory in the study of language, and is used in this thesis to help analyse and classify discourses produced and shared by teachers and students in networked learning. Pattern languages have their origin in architecture. Design patterns can be used as a means of representing and sharing important and specific empirical research results and design experiences. This new knowledge can be used to support and improve the quality of educational design. The study has two central components. The first uses the SFL theoretical framework to demonstrate how text is used as a key medium in networked learning. In other words, it is argued in this section that the quality of texts has a direct impact on the quality of learning and learning outcomes. The quality of text is assessed by means of a detailed discourse analysis of selected texts. This process involves deconstructing, identifying and capturing the linguistic resources and language strategies used in the texts. The detailed discourse analysis also illustrates and reveals how language is used in the construction of knowledge and the promotion of collaboration in teaching and learning. The second component centres on the argument that SFL provides valuable language knowledge which can be represented by using Alexander’s design patterns. New knowledge encoded in these design patterns can be used by teachers and designers as reusable and shared resources to help them improve their design work. The empirical research was carried out in three phases. The first involved a) the identification of text patterns of discourses used in networked learning based on detailed discourse analysis; b) Interviewing experienced academic staff to identify their perspectives on good online teaching practices and success factors. The second phase involved using the data which emerged from these interviews and discourse analysis to model illustrative patterns. (Here, illustrative means that due to the scope of the study, it is only possible to develop a limited number of patterns to illustrate the methods used for pattern development. It is not the intention to develop a full repository of design patterns in this study). In the third (validation) phase the patterns were reviewed by two groups of academic staff, with the aim of improving these patterns. Improved patterns were then tested on a group of educational design students for their usefulness and application. It is concluded from this research that it is possible to develop design patterns which ensure the best use of linguistic resources in both the teaching and learning process. Finally, it is argued that the combination of SFL and pattern languages provides a promising theoretical framework for the complex and demanding task of educational design. Future research could make use of such a framework to explore a fuller application of the pattern- based approach for the representation of new knowledge for educational design. Suggested additional research directions include finding new ways of capturing a new pedagogical approach to mobile learning and blended learning. Also, a promising direction could be the use of SFL Appraisal theory (Martin, 2000) for the investigation on how students construct interpersonal relationships (appraise peer work) in online joint projects. In the conclusion, it is contended that through its exploration of new ground in the use of SFL and pattern language theory in the construction of education design patterns, the study makes a significant contribution to knowledge in the field of networked learning.
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Howard, Lyz. "An exploration of the potential for analytic autonetnography as an emerging eResearch methodology, to examine my networked learning teaching praxis." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2018. http://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/124498/.
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Presented using performative writing in the form of an autonetnographic monograph, this research explores how analytic autonetnography (aANG), as an emerging eResearch methodology, might contribute to the field of networked learning (NL). As an experienced face-to-face teacher, yet neophyte online teacher, an examination of the literature to determine the key roles, attributes and characteristics of the online teacher highlighted a developmental chasm between doing online teaching and being an online teacher. With the intention to shift spaces from the classroom to online teaching, geographic and professional isolation from others’ teaching in the field of NL, and a desire to extend from practice towards praxis caused me to examine my own networked learning teaching praxis (NLTP). Despite evidence reporting the potential for autonetnography as an eResearch methodology, there is a dearth of literature that goes beyond introducing the theoretical application of autonetnography to any digitally-mediated field. A theoretical model for aANG, is conceptualised by undertaking a meta-synthesis of autoethnographic methodologies and research papers alluding to the concept of autonetnography. The aANG theoretical model is employed to situate my NLTP, consider the impact my online interactions had on student interaction and group cohesion, and inform my professional development as an online teacher. A mixed methods case-study examines my own practice in teaching online for five weeks. Data sources included reflective blogs, reflexive interviews, situational analysis, social network analysis, timeline, culturegram, group cohesion and directed content analysis. Three themes became apparent: fragile self-belief, promoting learner autonomy, and (re)positioning my NLTP. To ensure my aANG findings were credible and trustworthy, theoretical analysis of my findings were compared with peer-reviewed literature. Whilst the aANG theoretical model was developed specifically to meet my own needs, reflection on its use unearthed similarities between what I experienced and the transformative dimensions of adult learning. I recognised that it was feasible to adapt my aANG model for application to any digitally-mediated field where an examination of one’s own practice is chosen. To afford a more generic approach, an as yet untested autonetnography (ANG) model is proposed, that incorporates the transformational aspects of professional development. This thesis contributes to the body of knowledge through (1) adding to the literature/knowledge with a case study of my own NLTP, which may be of value to other online practitioners, (2) adding to the literature and understanding of aANG as a new methodology, and (3) developing the ANG methodology as a contribution to practice, which online practitioners might use, amend, revise or apply to other digital fields.
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Wu, Hao, and 吴颢. "SNS use in teaching and learning in China." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/198865.
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Social Network Sites (SNSs) are increasingly influencing the academic and industry researchers intrigued by their affordances and settings. Although SNS has been claimed that it occupied too much of peoples’ daily lives by many researchers and scientists, the fact also demonstrates the growing use of SNS in education area, which proved that SNS has its unique pedagogical significance and potential to foster students’ learning experience. Used and promoted in many countries around the world, SNS is now not only serving as a social network environment (SNE) for people to communicate, but also a platform for academic information exchange and sharing in various contexts. This study aimed at exploring the differences between western and Chinese localised SNS, evaluating the practicability of SNS use in China’s education, and identifying certain problems in the implementation. Referenced by the literature on SNS experiment in teaching, cultural influence and pedagogy value, Chinese SNS would be analysed from comprehensive perspectives.
This study combined two parts, one was the comparison study for four selected SNSs from China and foreign countries, the other was the research experiment conducted with a class of 17 students enrolling in an English educational institution in Chinese mainland, where the students took a spoken English course which lasted for one and a half month. The selected SNSs used in the experiment were implemented to facilitate the teaching and support designed learning process that requires students to explore the use of SNS and motivate them to interact more with peers and teacher off-class while completing the course objectives.
Date collection and analysis conducted mixed methods in this research, the data of this research were collected by different levels of participants’ interviews, observations, recordings and questionnaires that covers the perceptions for research topic, everyday use of SNSs, taken-forgranted interactions and communication among teacher and students in the learning and teaching process.
This research not only justify the practicability of SNS use in China’s education, it also revealed various functions that SNSs could provide in China’s education. In terms of functionality, it could serves as a platform for (a) facilitating presentation and demonstration, (b) developing personal learning record and portfolios, (c) distributing and sharing resources, (d) promoting student-teacher offline interaction, (e) enabling free comment and feedbacks.
Theoretical research would be conducted and practical implementation would also be introduced. Through the experiment, the research would make the best of SNSs in education, which further discuss the special characteristics of Chinese localised SNSs and broaden the understanding of using SNS in education. Pedagogical principles are also discussed.published_or_final_version
Education
Master
Master of Education
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Wakefield, Kelly. "Transnational Higher Education Networks for Learning and Teaching (TNLTs) in Geography." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2013. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/11849.
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Transnational Higher Education Networks for Learning and Teaching (TNLTs) in Geography are networks of academic geographers that facilitate a common interest in exchanging knowledge about higher education learning and teaching. Participation within these learning and teaching networks arguably provides benefits of information sharing but is often compromised by barriers such as finance and time. The aim of this study is to contribute to geographies of higher education by exploring academic networking practices for learning and teaching through geographers motivations, experiences and outcomes of participation alongside the role that technology plays in facilitating these. The subject of learning and teaching is an increasingly important area of study. The complex relationship between the practices of learning and teaching alongside research and administration duties within higher education has been previously explored yet little discussion is offered on academics who focus on learning and teaching practice. However, within the context of human geography research TNLTs as defined within this thesis have only received cursory treatment. This study situates TNLTs under the umbrella of geographies of higher education that are increasingly being studied with focuses on transnational academic mobility, international student mobility and international collaborations in higher education. This study sketches a conceptual framework for engaging in academic networking by bringing research together on TNLTs, Continuing Professional Development (CPD), higher education on a global scale, Communities of Practice (CoP) and the technology driven-network society that comprise five bodies of literature that have not been considered collectively before. Due to a lack of literature and previous work on TNLTs, this thesis applies grounded theorising that generated findings out of the data rather than testing a hypothesis. Such inductive methodology develops and constructs theory and is a useful approach to researching TNLTs because it also allows for a combination of different research methods. In this thesis, various ways to access TNLTs are blended to effectively study them, including both face-to-face and online surveys and interviews.
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Corser, Kristy L. "Teaching and learning with cloud platforms in the primary school classroom." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2019. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/157473/1/Kristy_Corser_Thesis.pdf.
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This research investigated teaching and learning with Chromebook computers and Google's G Suite for Education in a Queensland year 5 primary school classroom. The research used Actor Network Theory and Communities of Practice theory to explore the material aspects of using technologies in the classroom, and how cloud-based technologies promote collaborative learning. Analysis of classroom practice revealed the potential advantages of using cloud platforms in education, while analysis of technology policies from the Federal government level to the classroom revealed misalignments in expectation for students' learning. The findings inform recommendations for technology policy development, curriculum planning and teachers' pedagogical practices.
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LeNoue, Marvin Dale. "Educational Social Software: The Use of Social Network Sites for Teaching and Learning." Diss., North Dakota State University, 2012. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/26833.
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Although social network sites (SNS) are in use by millions worldwide, the deployment of such sites as tools for teaching and learning is new. Topics related to the ways, means, and outcomes of SNS use in education and training contexts constitute a fresh research area within the field of educational technology. This mixed-methods research project gathered information regarding the use of SNS in education and training settings. Respondents to an Internet survey showed familiarity with a range of social media software, and several had used social network sites including Facebook, Ning, and MySpace in their professional practices. Respondents identified these sites as offering support for communication and community building, and rated this affordance as the most useful aspect of SNS for use in educational settings. Privacy control settings were the individual SNS feature identified as most important in the educational use of SNS. Personal publishing, content creation, and multimedia display functions were also rated as important. Respondents supported the utility of social network sites for use in the delivery of education. Themes expressed in the data regarding participant views of the use and importance of various features of educational social software indicated apparent acceptance of SNS-type tools as potential agents of paradigmatic change (as per Kuhn, 1996) in educational domains. Respondents made substantial commitments to working toward support of a new paradigm shaped by the use of SNS and social media tools.
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Leong, Jacina T. "'When you can't envision, you can't give permission': learning and teaching through a STEAM network." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2017. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/103761/1/Jacina_Leong_Thesis.pdf.
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This thesis proposes a framework for learning and teaching through an interdisciplinary STEAM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts, Mathematics) network. The framework was developed from teaching experience, interviews with STEAM institutions and practitioners, and practice-led research in the field. The thesis recommends adopting practices seen in STEAM initiatives in North America to rapidly developing Australian experiences, approaches, attitudes and motivations for STEAM education, and advocates the implementation of open studio art educational models to help shape new pedagogical experiences in the STEAM field.
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Fraser, Katie C. "Homework through a network : designing technologies to support learning activities within the home and between home and school." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2009. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/10658/.
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Government policy and academic research both talk about transforming learning through networked technologies – sharing newly available information about the learning context with new partners to support lifelong learning activities, and giving learners increased power and autonomy. This thesis examines how such learning opportunities might be supported. In order to ground these learning opportunities in current educational activity it studies homework, which is an example of a learning activity that spans multiple contexts and the current roll-out point of networked technologies in UK schools. This thesis uses an ecological approach to studying homework practices and activities, and the views, needs and roles of stakeholders, working with ICT coordinators, children, and families. Its core findings are twofold, and centre on the opening up and closing down of homework to involvement within the homework community. The first core finding is that children benefit from actively structuring their homework activities to involve or exclude other family members, and that the networked technologies which teachers plan to use in homework fail to mediate these processes successfully, unlike traditional homework technologies. The second core finding is that details of homework activities transmitted across a network can include too much information about a child or a family’s wider activities, violating privacy and leading families to reject technologies. This thesis identifies design tactics which can help children and their families negotiate how and when information is shared, and provides evidence that these design solutions can be implemented successfully within homework, if designed to fit within the ecology of the home. It discusses the circumstances in which these tactics could be useful in supporting lifelong learning, and establishes the importance of considering how families will integrate any educational activity or technology within their everyday activities.
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Voss, Gleizer Bierhalz. "TCN5 - TEACHING COMPUTER NETWORKS IN A FREE IMMERSIVE VIRTUAL ENVIRONMENT." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2014. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/5425.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível SuperiorTeaching technical themes in the area of Computer Networks involves difficult concepts to be understood in the traditional educational way, i.e. statically. At the same time, technological advances have created many opportunities in education, requiring the development of new pedagogical practices that contribute to the process of teaching and learning. The creation of immersive virtual environments and the addressing of issues related to context-aware computing can support this process. For that, in this dissertation it was developed an immersive virtual environment for teaching Computer Networks that uses learner context information -e.g. technology, cognitive style, and quality of context-, while providing a significant learning from the integration and interaction between users and technology. To achieve the objectives of this study, an exploratory research with a case study was performed in order to verify whether the use of an immersive virtual environment can facilitate and/or improve the process of learning the discipline of Computer Networks. The construction of this environment, named TCN5, has as basis four main elements, these being,WampServer, OpenSimulator, Sloodle and UVLEQoC Moodle, which adds features from modules like U-SEA 2.0 and SEDECA 2.0, in addition to Bootstrap theme, applying QoC parameters and metrics about the information collected in the environment, aiming to ensure the suitability of the connection for the preferences and needs of the students. In order to verify the practical feasibility of the work and the usage of the environment through mobile devices, a case study was conducted, which showed that despite mobile technologies allow the realization of most of the proposed activities, there are still some technological limitations that make difficult the usage of such devices in the educational context. At the same time, a comparative analysis between different viewers for virtual worlds was performed, pointing out advantages and disadvantages by considering aspects of available resources for processing and supported file types. Finally, a non-experimental study was conducted, using a Pedagogical Architecture, which served as the basis for the use and evaluation of the environment by a group of 25 students from the Computer Networks discipline of Computer Science program at the Federal University of Santa Maria. The results obtained during the evaluation with students accomplished the desired expectations, achieving a rating of "Excellent" on the scale of the SUS usability test and a considerable increase in the average obtained in the elaboration of the conceptual maps after using TCN5, an indication that the environment helped, at least in part, to the construction of knowledge of this group, despite the limitations and difficulties encountered during its development.
O ensino de temas técnicos na área de Redes de Computadores envolve conceitos difíceis de serem entendidos na forma pedagógica tradicional, ou seja, de forma estática. Ao mesmo tempo, os avanços tecnológicos criaram diversas possibilidades na educação, exigindo o desenvolvimento de novas práticas pedagógicas que contribuam para o processo de ensino e aprendizagem. A criação de ambientes virtuais imersivos e o tratamento de questões relacionadas com a computação sensível ao contexto podem auxiliar nesse processo. Para isso, foi desenvolvido nesta dissertação um ambiente virtual imersivo para o ensino de Redes de Computadores que trata informações de contexto do aluno (e.g., tecnologia, estilo cognitivo e qualidade do contexto), proporcionando ao mesmo uma aprendizagem significativa, a partir da integração e interação entre usuários e tecnologia. Para atingir os objetivos deste trabalho foi realizada uma pesquisa exploratória com estudo de caso, a fim de verificar se a utilização de um ambiente virtual imersivo pode facilitar e/ou melhorar o processo de aprendizagem da disciplina de Redes de Computadores. A construção desse ambiente, denominado TCN5, teve como base quatro elementos principais, sendo esses, o WampServer, o OpenSimulator, o Sloodle e o Moodle UVLEQoC, que agrega as características tanto dos módulos U-SEA 2.0 e SEDECA 2.0 como do Tema Bootstrap, aplicando parâmetros e métricas de QoC sobre as informações coletadas no ambiente, com o objetivo de garantir que o contexto formulado esteja adequado às preferências e necessidades dos alunos. Para verificar a viabilidade prática do trabalho quanto à utilização do ambiente por meio do uso de dispositivos móveis foi realizado um estudo de caso, que demonstrou que apesar das tecnologias móveis permitirem a realização da maioria das atividades propostas, existem ainda algumas limitações tecnológicas que dificultam a utilização desses dispositivos no contexto educacional. Ao mesmo tempo, foi realizada uma análise comparativa entre os diversos visualizadores de mundos virtuais disponíveis, apontando vantagens e desvantagens, considerando aspectos de processamento, recursos disponibilizados e tipos de arquivos suportados. Por fim, foi realizado um estudo Não-Experimental utilizando uma Arquitetura Pedagógica, que serviu como base para a utilização e avaliação do ambiente por uma turma de 25 alunos da disciplina de Redes de Computadores do Curso de Ciência da Computação da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria. Os resultados obtidos durante a avaliação com os alunos atenderam as expectativas, alcançando uma classificação Excelente na escala do teste de usabilidade SUS, bem como um aumento considerável na média obtida na elaboração dos mapas conceituais após a utilização do TCN5, um indício de que o ambiente auxiliou, pelo menos em parte, na construção do conhecimento dessa turma, apesar das limitações e dificuldades encontradas durante o seu desenvolvimento.
Books on the topic "Networked teaching and learning"
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Conole, Gráinne, Tomaž Klobučar, Christoph Rensing, Johannes Konert, and Elise Lavoué, eds. Design for Teaching and Learning in a Networked World. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24258-3.
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author, Duncanson-Hales Christopher, and Lester, G. Brooke, 1966- author, eds. Effective social learning: A collaborative, globally-networked pedagogy. Minneapolis MN: Fortress Press, 2014.
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Teaching & learning materials & the Internet. 3rd ed. London: Kogan Page, 2001.
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Lever-Duffy, Judy. Teaching and learning with technology. 4th ed. Boston: Pearson/Allyn and Bacon, 2011.
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Lever-Duffy, Judy. Teaching and learning with technology. 4th ed. Boston: Pearson/Allyn and Bacon, 2011.
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B, Thurber Bonnie, ed. Literacy learning in networked classrooms: Using the internet with middle-level students. Newark, DE: International Reading Association, 2006.
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Lever-Duffy, Judy. Teaching and learning with technology. Boston: Allyn and Bacon, 2003.
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Lever-Duffy, Judy. Teaching and learning with technology. Boston: Allyn and Bacon, 2003.
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Lever-Duffy, Judy. Teaching and learning with technology. 3rd ed. Boston: Pearson/Allyn and Bacon, 2008.
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Teaching and learning materials and the Internet. 2nd ed. London: Kogan Page, 1998.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Networked teaching and learning"
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Salmon, Gilly. "Approaches to Researching Teaching and Learning Online." In Networked Learning: Perspectives and Issues, 195–212. London: Springer London, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-0181-9_11.
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Luo, Qiongjie, and Haiping Du. "Networked Teleoperation Applied in Mobile Teaching: Study." In Handbook of Mobile Teaching and Learning, 487–97. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-54146-9_56.
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Hammond, Nick, Annie Trapp, and Catherine Bennett. "Small Group Teaching across the Disciplines: Setting the Context for Networked Learning." In Networked Learning: Perspectives and Issues, 243–52. London: Springer London, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-0181-9_14.
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Strobl, Josef. "UNIGIS - Networked Learning over a Distance." In Teaching Geographic Information Science and Technology in Higher Education, 383–94. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119950592.ch24.
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Luo, Qiongjie, and Haiping Du. "Study on Networked Teleoperation Applied in Mobile Teaching." In Handbook of Mobile Teaching and Learning, 1–9. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-41981-2_56-1.
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Luo, Qiongjie, Haiping Du, and Jun Hu. "Study on Networked Teleoperation Applied in Mobile Teaching." In Handbook of Mobile Teaching and Learning, 1–12. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-41981-2_56-2.
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Luo, Qiongjie, Haiping Du, and Jun Hu. "Study on Networked Teleoperation Applied in Mobile Teaching." In Handbook of Mobile Teaching and Learning, 359–70. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-2766-7_56.
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Jovanović, Ana S., and Greta Goetz. "Teleological Fictions: Making Up the Ends of a Networked Course." In Teaching and Learning to Co-create, 121–34. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-72718-5_10.
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Petrushyna, Zinayida, Ralf Klamma, and Milos Kravcik. "On Modeling Learning Communities." In Design for Teaching and Learning in a Networked World, 254–67. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24258-3_19.
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Menchaca, Iratxe, Mariluz Guenaga, and Josu Solabarrieta. "Project-Based Learning: Methodology and Assessment Learning Technologies and Assessment Criteria." In Design for Teaching and Learning in a Networked World, 601–4. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24258-3_68.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Networked teaching and learning"
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Cutajar, Maria, and Matthew Montebello. "Impacting Networked Technologies on Teaching Practices." In Fourth International Conference on Higher Education Advances. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/head18.2018.8066.
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Networked technologies are found permeating all work and life activities even in the education realm. Today’s networked technologies are changing the way we interact within the online environment and amongst themselves. Networked technologies have unleashed a plethora of possibilities for educators to take advantage of by employing them as part of their teaching practices. In this paper are presented findings related to how academics are experiencing networked technologies for teaching and their relation to learning. A phenomenographic approach and subsequently a quantitative stance was employed to shed light on the nature and the current dynamic of such practices. This paper recounts the phenomenographic outcome, but it particularly attends to subsequent quantitative findings obtained from consideration of learning experiences against the phenomenographic map of variation in teaching experiences whereby an unexpected clustering trend was exposed. The outcomes of this exploratory research provide crucial and essential insights for higher education administrators and policy makers on how to regulate themselves with regards to the adoption of networked technologies within their institution.
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Carlsson, Rolf, Göran Karlsson, and Bengt Olsen. "Networked PBL teaching the teacher on flexible learning (poster)." In The supplemental proceedings of the conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/266057.266183.
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Sanchez-Lozano, Carlos. "Networked Learning Dynamics in Online Instruction: An Action Research Study." In 3rd International Conference on Advanced Research in Education, Teaching and Learning. Acavent, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33422/3rd.aretl.2020.12.119.
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Yu, Ke, Xiaoping Zhu, and Yihua Du. "Integrated Mode Design and Analysis of Networked Learning and PBL Teaching." In 2015 International Conference on Economy, Management and Education Technology. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icemet-15.2015.76.
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Woodward, Clare. "Internet not Available! Using Offline Networked Learning to Enhance Teachers’ School-Based Continuing Professional Development in Zambia." In Tenth Pan-Commonwealth Forum on Open Learning. Commonwealth of Learning, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56059/pcf10.6083.
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Access to effective Continuing Professional Development can be difficult for teachers in sub-Saharan Africa, impacting their capacity to learn from best practice and improve their teaching approaches. Internet and cellphone services are seen as potential solutions, offering digital resources and online training. However, these are hindered by limited or expensive network coverage, leaving poorer-resourced and more remote schools behind. // Zambian Education School-based Training (ZEST) has trialled an innovative approach for teachers: an offline networked learning approach. Deploying low-cost, battery-powered small computers as networked hubs has enabled collaborative, digitally enhanced professional development training where internet access is too expensive or unreliable. Central to ZEST is the idea of teachers learning together in Teacher Group Meetings. Raspberry Pi computers, accessed via teachers’ own smartphones, have allowed educators to work together in proximity, sharing open digital resources. // Through interviews and observations and drawing from Blumenfeld et al.’s diagnostic framework (2000), we report on teachers’ and school leaders’ impressions of the benefits and challenges of this novel approach. We reflect on its adoption, appropriation, enactment, and maintenance by school systems. We offer findings that may be more broadly applied to support school-based professional development in similarly restricted environments.
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Nhu, Pham Thi Huynh. "A Survey on Student’s Application for Using Smartphones in Learning at HCM City University of Food Industry." In 4th Conference on Language Teaching and Learning. AIJR Publisher, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21467/proceedings.132.29.
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Nowadays, smartphone use is popular among universities both inside and outside of teaching institutions. The purpose of this research project is to investigate students' applications for using smartphones in learning. This will help students have more support in their learning. It has many positive sides. For example, most students can use many useful applications to serve their learning; it will be more effective. The percentage of students who use their phones to study is quite high, and it is also used to go on social networks, text or call in their spare time. In addition, there are also negative sides due to weak phone networks, disclosure of security information, virus intrusion systems, etc. However, it is necessary to use modern applications on the phone to support it for more learning.
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Cutajar, Maria. "EXPLORING OPEN AND NETWORKED LEARNING AND TEACHING IN HIGHER EDUCATION: AN UNFOLDING ENTERPRISE." In 16th International Technology, Education and Development Conference. IATED, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21125/inted.2022.0993.
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Mehnen, Lars, Birgit Pohn, Matthias Blaickner, Thomas Mandl, and Isabel Dregely. "Teaching & Learning Analytics for Data-Based Optimization of Teaching and Learning Processes in Courses with Blended Learning." In 2022 International Conference on Software, Telecommunications and Computer Networks (SoftCOM). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/softcom55329.2022.9911349.
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Okuhara, Shun, Takanobu Otsuka, Takuya Yoshimura, Raiye Hailu, and Takayuki Ito. "Teaching Method Based on Learning Networks." In 2012 IEEE 14th International Conference on Commerce and Enterprise Computing (CEC). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cec.2012.31.
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Wang Kechao, Tiantian Wang, Zong Mingkui, and Wang Zhifei. "An ecological network teaching-learning environment." In 2011 International Conference on Computer Science and Network Technology (ICCSNT). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccsnt.2011.6181981.
Full textReports on the topic "Networked teaching and learning"
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Pinchuk, Olga P., Oleksandra M. Sokolyuk, Oleksandr Yu Burov, and Mariya P. Shyshkina. Digital transformation of learning environment: aspect of cognitive activity of students. [б. в.], September 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/3243.
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Peculiar features of digital environment include: integration of ICTs; use of local and global networks and resources; support and development of qualitatively new technologies of information processing; active use of modern means, methods and forms of teaching in the educational process. The organization of activities in terms of digital learning environment provides appropriate changes in the interaction between subjects of the educational process. Today, means and technologies of the information and communication networks (ICNs), in particular the Internet, which custom and operational-procedural properties were changed at the initial stage from closed local to open ones at present, become widespread. The development of ICNs (from closed local to open ones) changes the typology of learning environments. The following models of learning environments, which widely use ICT and ICN tools (with basic features that characterize them) are distinguished: using the local communication network for presentation of educational information; using the local communication network and open network resources; using open network resources; for independent use of open network resources directly in the classroom by a student; for use of open network resources by a student in the process of independent learning activity; for use by a student educational resources, specially created by a teacher, as well as resources of an open networks in his independent learning activity.
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Balyk, Nadiia, Yaroslav Vasylenko, Vasyl Oleksiuk, and Galina Shmyger. Designing of Virtual Cloud Labs for the Learning Cisco CyberSecurity Operations Course. [б. в.], June 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/3177.
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The article is devoted to the study of the problem of the cybersecurity basics teaching. The training of the ICT-specialties students using the course “CCNA Cyber Operations” of the network academy Cisco is considered. At present, many universities have similar academies, while others can open them. On the basis of free software platforms Apache CloudStack and EVE-NG Community authors designed and implemented a virtual cloud laboratory. It operates according to the “IaaS” model. Thanks to the technology of embedded virtualization, the work of many virtual machines, storing of their status, traffic analysis and visualization of network topologies are maintained. The article describes the experience of teaching students of the specialty “Pedagogical education. ICT” in the course “CCNA Cyber Operations” with the use of virtual cloud laboratories. The authors have been conducted a survey of students who studied at the course. Its purpose was to determine how much they satisfied were with the course. Statistical processing of the results was performed on the basis of the Rasch model using the software MiniSteps.
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Goncharenko, Tatiana, Nataliia Yermakova-Cherchenko, and Yelyzaveta Anedchenko. Experience in the Use of Mobile Technologies as a Physics Learning Method. [б. в.], November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/4468.
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Swift changes in society, related to sciences technicians’ development, technologies, by the increase of general volume of information, pull out new requirements for maintenance, structure, and quality of education. It requires teachers to diversify a tool in the direction of the increase in possibilities of the use of mobile technologies and computer systems. Lately in the world, more attention spared to the use of mobile learning, which in obedience to «Recommendations of UNESCO on the questions of a policy in the area of mobile learning» foresees the use of mobile technology, both separate and together with other by informational computer technologies. [1]. Mobile learning allows using the open informational systems, global educational networks, unique digital resources which belong to different educational establishments and co-operate with each other. The use of existent educational resources and creation of own, based on the academic resources from informative space, allows to promote the interest of students to the study of physics, to take into account the individual features, and also features of region and framework of society of the country. During the last years in Ukraine competency-based approach to the organization of studies certainly one of basic. The new Education Act addresses the key competencies that every modern person needs for a successful life, including mathematical competence; competence in natural sciences, engineering, and technology; innovation; information and communication competence [2]. This further emphasizes the importance of providing students with quality physical education and the problems associated with it. Using mobile technology in professional teaching work, the teacher has the opportunity to implement the basic principles of the competence approach in teaching physics. An analysis of the data provided in the official reports of the Ukrainian Center for Educational Quality Assessment showed that the number of students making an external independent assessment in physics and choosing a future profession related to physics has decreased significantly. This is due to the loss of students' interest in physics and the complexity of the content of the subject, as well as the increase in the amount of information that students need to absorb. In this article, we explore the possibilities of mobile technology as a means of teaching physics students and give our own experience of using mobile technology in the process of teaching physics (for example, the optics section in primary school).
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Barjum, Daniel. PDIA for Systems Change: Tackling the Learning Crisis in Indonesia. Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-rise-ri_2022/046.
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Indonesia is facing a learning crisis. While schooling has increased dramatically in the last 30 years, the quality of education has remained mediocre (Rosser et al., 2022). Teacher capability is an often cited weakness of the system, along with policies and system governance. Approaches focused primarily on adding resources to education have not yielded expected outcomes of increased quality. “It is a tragedy that in the second decade of the twenty-first century, some children in Indonesia are not completing primary school and are turned out into the workforce as functional illiterates.” (Suryadarma and Jones, 2013; Nihayah et al., 2020). In the early 2000s, Indonesia began a process of decentralising service delivery, including education, to the district level. Many responsibilities were transferred from the central government to districts, but some key authorities, such as hiring of civil service teachers, remained with the central government. The Indonesian system is complex and challenging to manage, with more than 300 ethnic groups and networks of authority spread over more than 500 administrative districts (Suryadarma and Jones, 2013). Niken Rarasati and Daniel Suryadarma researchers at SMERU, an Indonesian think tank and NGO, understood this context well. Their prior experience working in the education sector had shown them that improving the quality of education within the classroom required addressing issues at the systems level (Kleden, 2020). Rarasati noted the difference in knowledge between in-classroom teaching and the systems of education: “There are known-technologies, pedagogical theories, practices, etc. for teaching in the classroom. The context [for systems of education] is different for teacher development, recruitment, and student enrollment. Here, there is less known in the public and education sector.” Looking for ways to bring changes to policy implementation and develop capabilities at the district level, SMERU researchers began to apply a new approach they had learned in a free online course offered by the Building State Capability programme at the Center for International Development at Harvard University titled, “The Practice of PDIA: Building Capability by Delivering Results”. The course offered insights on how to implement public policy in complex settings, focused on using Problem Driven Iterative Adaptation (PDIA). The researchers were interested in putting PDIA into practice and seeing if it could be an effective approach for their colleagues in government. This case study reviews Rarasati and Suryadarma’s journey and showcases how they used PDIA to foster relationships between local government and stakeholders, and bring positive changes to the education sector.
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Sanz, E., M. Lascurain, A. Serrano, B. Haidar, P. Alonso, and J. García-Espinosa. Needs and requirements analysis. Scipedia, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23967/prodphd.2021.9.001.
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The prodPhD project aims to address the challenging problem of introducing entrepreneurship training in PhD programmes regardless of discipline. The prodPhD project will create the necessary teaching methodologies and the platform for applying them. The project consists of a consortium of four organizations from across Europe. The main objective of the prodPhD project is to implement innovative social network-based methodologies for teaching and learning entrepreneurship in PhD programmes. The multidisciplinary teaching and learning methodologies will enable entrepreneurship education to be introduced into any PhD programme, providing students with the knowledge, skills, and motivation to engage in entrepreneurial activities. The methodology will be conceived to develop experiential knowledge, involving academics, entrepreneurship experts, and mentors in its development and implementation. Besides, the exchange of experience, competences, and approaches facilitated by social networking will pave the way to crowdsourcing new ideas, improving training methodologies, and stimulating academics’ entrepreneurial skills.
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Pererva, Victoria V., Olena O. Lavrentieva, Olena I. Lakomova, Olena S. Zavalniuk, and Stanislav T. Tolmachev. The technique of the use of Virtual Learning Environment in the process of organizing the future teachers' terminological work by specialty. [б. в.], July 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/3868.
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This paper studies the concept related to E-learning and the Virtual Learning Environment (VLE) and their role in organizing future teachers’ terminological work by specialty. It is shown the creation and use of the VLE is a promising approach in qualitative restructuring of future specialists’ vocation training, a suitable complement rather than a complete replacement of traditional learning. The concept of VLE has been disclosed; its structure has been presented as a set of components, such as: the Data-based component, the Communication-based, the Management-and-Guiding ones, and the virtual environments. Some VLE’s potential contributions to the organization of terminological work of future biology teachers’ throughout a traditional classroom teaching, an independent work, and during the field practices has been considered. The content of professionally oriented e-courses “Botany with Basis of Geobotany” and “Latin. Botany Terminology” has been revealed; the ways of working with online definer (guide), with UkrBIN National Biodiversity Information Network, with mobile apps for determining the plant species, with digital virtual herbarium, with free software have been shown. The content of students’ activity in virtual biological laboratories and during virtual tours into natural environment has been demonstrated. The explanations about the potential of biological societies in social networks in view of students’ terminology work have been given. According to the results of empirical research, the expediency of using VLEs in the study of professional terminology by future biology teachers has been confirmed.
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Bano, Masooda, and Zeena Oberoi. Embedding Innovation in State Systems: Lessons from Pratham in India. Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-rise-wp_2020/058.
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The learning crisis in many developing countries has led to searches for innovative teaching models. Adoption of innovation, however, disrupts routine and breaks institutional inertia, requiring government employees to change their way of working. Introducing and embedding innovative methods for improving learning outcomes within state institutions is thus a major challenge. For NGO-led innovation to have largescale impact, we need to understand: (1) what factors facilitate its adoption by senior bureaucracy and political elites; and (2) how to incentivise district-level field staff and school principals and teachers, who have to change their ways of working, to implement the innovation? This paper presents an ethnographic study of Pratham, one of the most influential NGOs in the domain of education in India today, which has attracted growing attention for introducing an innovative teaching methodology— Teaching at the Right Level (TaRL) – with evidence of improved learning outcomes among primary-school students and adoption by a number of states in India. The case study suggests that while a combination of factors, including evidence of success, ease of method, the presence of a committed bureaucrat, and political opportunity are key to state adoption of an innovation, exposure to ground realities, hand holding and confidence building, informal interactions, provision of new teaching resources, and using existing lines of communication are core to ensuring the co-operation of those responsible for actual implementation. The Pratham case, however, also confirms existing concerns that even when NGO-led innovations are successfully implemented at a large scale, their replication across the state and their sustainability remain a challenge. Embedding good practice takes time; the political commitment leading to adoption of an innovation is often, however, tied to an immediate political opportunity being exploited by the political elites. Thus, when political opportunity rather than a genuine political will creates space for adoption of an innovation, state support for that innovation fades away before the new ways of working can replace the old habits. In contexts where states lack political will to improve learning outcomes, NGOs can only hope to make systematic change in state systems if, as in the case of Pratham, they operate as semi-social movements with large cadres of volunteers. The network of volunteers enables them to slow down and pick up again in response to changing political contexts, instead of quitting when state actors withdraw. Involving the community itself does not automatically lead to greater political accountability. Time-bound donor-funded NGO projects aiming to introduce innovation, however large in scale, simply cannot succeed in bringing about systematic change, because embedding change in state institutions lacking political will requires years of sustained engagement.
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Laptinova, Yuliia. Unplugging in Language Learning and Teaching. Intellectual Archive, February 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.32370/iaj.2280.
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Woolf, Beverly, Elliot Soloway, William Clancey, Kurt VanLehn, and Dan Suthers. Knowledge-Based Environments for Teaching and Learning. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada225619.
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Pierpoint, Peter. Using Problem Based Learning in Teaching Economics. Bristol, UK: The Economics Network, February 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.53593/n614a.
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