Relevant bibliographies by topics / Network Equilibrium Modeling

Academic literature on the topic 'Network Equilibrium Modeling'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Network Equilibrium Modeling"

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Zhang, Peng, Hao Yue, Xu Zhang, Chunfu Shao, and Wencan Gao. "Modeling the Equilibrium Road Network Capacity." IEEE Access 7 (2019): 168029–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2946977.

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Ignatenko, O. P. "Game theoretic modeling of AIMD network equilibrium." PROBLEMS IN PROGRAMMING, no. 1 (January 2016): 116–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/pp2016.01.116.

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This paper deals with modeling of network’s dynamic using game theory approach. The process of interaction among players (network users), trying to maximize their payoffs (e.g. throughput) could be analyzed using game-based concepts (Nash equilibrium, Pareto efficiency, evolution stability etc.). In this work we presented the model of TCP network’s dynamic and proved existence and uniqueness of solution, formulated payoff matrix for a network game and found conditions of equilibrium existence depending of loss sensitivity parameter. We consider influence if denial of service attacks on the equilibrium characteristics and illustrate results by simulations.
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Chayjan, R. A., and M. Esna-Ashari. "Modeling of heat and entropy sorption of maize (cv. Sc704): neural network method." Research in Agricultural Engineering 56, No. 2 (June 7, 2010): 69–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/37/2009-rae.

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Equilibrium moisture content of maize affects its values of dehydration heat and entropy. Precise prediction of heat and entropy with regard to its equilibrium moisture content is a simple and fast method for proper estimation of energy required for dehydration of maize and simulation of dried maize storage. Artificial neural network and thermodynamic equations for computation of maize heat and entropy of sorption were used, as a new method. The artificial neural network method for prediction of the equilibrium moisture content of maize was utilized. The heat of sorption of maize is predicted by a power model. After well training of equilibrium moisture content data sets using the artificial neural network models, predictive power of the model was found to be high (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.99). A power regression model was also developed for entropy of sorption. At moisture content above 11% (d.b.) the heat and entropy of sorption of maize decreased smoothly and they were highest at moisture content about 8% (d.b.).
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Hasan, M. K., and K. Nabil A. Safwat. "Comparison of Two Transportation Network Equilibrium Modeling Approaches." Journal of Transportation Engineering 126, no. 1 (January 2000): 35–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-947x(2000)126:1(35).

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Jiang, Weijin, Sijian Lv, Yirong Jiang, Jiahui Chen, Fang Ye, and Xiaoliang Liu. "Evolutionary dynamics modeling of symbolic social network structure equilibrium." China Communications 17, no. 10 (October 2020): 229–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/jcc.2020.10.017.

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Klimenko, Stanislav, Igor Nikitin, Lialia Nikitina, Kira Konich, and Kevin Reinartz. "Numerical modeling of relativistic networks." International Journal of Modern Physics C 28, no. 03 (March 2017): 1750035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129183117500358.

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In this paper, we consider a model of relativistic networks, a topological extension of the model of relativistic particles. Numerical experiments are performed to study thermodynamical properties of the model and their relationship with explicit symmetry of solutions under time reversal. An efficient algorithm is constructed, allowing to generate numerical solutions of high complexity in the given model. The algorithm includes a generator of random topology, an optimal choice of stiffness coefficients for the network and a solver for constrained optimization problem, describing an equilibrium of the network. A system, studied in the given paper, contains about 100 thousands of equations and inequalities. Possible extensions of the algorithm are discussed, necessary for processing of relativistic networks of higher complexity, containing millions of equations.
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Ni, Linglin, Chuqiao Chen, Xiaokun (Cara) Wang, and Xiqun (Michael) Chen. "Modeling network equilibrium of competitive ride-sourcing market with heterogeneous transportation network companies." Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies 130 (September 2021): 103277. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trc.2021.103277.

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Zhao, Ying, Luis R. De Jesus, Peter Stein, Gregory A. Horrocks, Sarbajit Banerjee, and Bai-Xiang Xu. "Modeling of phase separation across interconnected electrode particles in lithium-ion batteries." RSC Advances 7, no. 65 (2017): 41254–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ra07352f.

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Zhang, Shujuan, Zhen Jin, and Juan Zhang. "The Dynamical Modeling Analysis of the Spreading of Passive Worms in P2P Networks." Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society 2018 (September 20, 2018): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/1656907.

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Passive worms are prone to spreading through Peer-to-Peer networks, and they pose a great threat to the security of the network. In this paper, considering network heterogeneity and the number of hops a search can reach, we propose a novel mathematical model to study the dynamics of the propagation of passive worms. For the proposed model, the basic reproduction number R0 is derived by employing the existence of the positive equilibrium. And the stabilities of the worm-free equilibrium and positive equilibrium are analyzed. Moreover, we verify the rationality of the model established by comparing the stochastic simulation with the numerical simulation. Finally, we examine the effect of the number of hops on the spread of passive worms and discuss the various immunization strategies. We find that if R0>1, the propagation speed of passive worms is accelerated with the increase of hop count d; if R0<1, the number of infected peers decreases rapidly with the increase of the value of d and drops to zero eventually. Results show that the network topology and the number of hops can affect the spread of passive worms.
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Feng, Liping, Lipeng Song, Qingshan Zhao, and Hongbin Wang. "Modeling and Stability Analysis of Worm Propagation in Wireless Sensor Network." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2015 (2015): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/129598.

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An improved SIRS model considering communication radius and distributed density of nodes is proposed. The proposed model captures both the spatial and temporal dynamics of worms spread process. Using differential dynamical theories, we investigate dynamics of worm propagation to time in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Reproductive number which determines global dynamics of worm propagation in WSNs is obtained. Equilibriums and their stabilities are also found. If reproductive number is less than one, the infected fraction of the sensor nodes disappears and if the reproduction number is greater than one, the infected fraction asymptotically stabilizes at the endemic equilibrium. Based on the reproduction number, we discuss the threshold of worm propagation about communication radius and distributed density of nodes in WSNs. Finally, numerical simulations verify the correctness of theoretical analysis.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Network Equilibrium Modeling"

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黃家耀 and Ka-io Wong. "A network equilibrium approach for modeling urban taxi services." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31243769.

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Wong, Ka-io. "A network equilibrium approach for modeling urban taxi services /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2002. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25205560.

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Fabregas, Aldo D. "Location and Capacity Modeling of Network Interchanges." Scholar Commons, 2013. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4318.

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Network design decisions, especially those pertaining to urban infrastructure, are made by a central authority or network leader, and taking into consideration the network users or followers. These network decision problems are formulated as non-linear bi-level programming problems. In this work, a continuous network design problem (CNDP) and discrete network design problem (DNDP) bi-level optimization programs are proposed and solved in the context of transportation planning. The solution strategy involved reformulation and linearization as a single-level program by introducing the optimality conditions of the lower level problem into the upper level problem. For the CNDP, an alternative linearization algorithm (modified least squares partitioning, MLSPA) is proposed. MLSPA takes into consideration the current arc capacity and potential expansion to find a reduced set of planes to generalize the flow-capacity surface behavior. The concepts of flow capacity surface was introduced as a way to model of congested network and capture the effect of capacity on travel time/cost. It was found that the quality of the linear approximation depends on the goodness of fit the bottleneck arcs. The proposed approach was tested with well-known benchmark problems in transportation which yielded promising results in terms of efficiency, without sacrificing solution quality.
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Rodrigues, Rodolfo. "Modelagem cinética e de equilíbrio combinadas para simulação de processos de gaseificação." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/140478.

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A gaseificação é um processo de conversão termoquímica que compreende a oxidação parcial de um combustível para convertê-lo em uma mistura gasosa (“syngas”). Geralmente a modelagem desses processos utiliza uma descrição cinética detalhada ou os aproximam ao equilíbrio químico. Ambas as abordagens têm vantagens e desvantagens, bem como limitações. O objetivo deste trabalho foi o desenvolvimento de uma nova modelagem fenomenológica de processos de gaseificação através de um modelo “híbrido” aqui chamado de modelo híbrido adaptativo por zonas (HAZ). Este modelo assumiu que o gaseificador é representado por zonas de dois tipos: uma dominada pela cinética química, representada por um modelo cinético, e outra onde a cinética química é rápida e as espécies químicas estão em equilíbrio químico, representada por um modelo de equilíbrio. Um critério de transição entre as zonas foi proposto através de um número de Damköhler (Da) que relaciona tempos de residência e de reação química. Desta forma, o modelo adapta-se conforme os processos dominantes em cada zona. Em um primeiro momento, um modelo de equilíbrio multifásico (EM) foi desenvolvido e aplicado para um estudo da cogaseificação de carvão mineral e biomassas disponíveis no Brasil. A seguir, o modelo HAZ foi construído através da técnica de rede equivalente de reatores químicos (ERN) a partir do modelo EM e de um modelo cinético, também desenvolvido neste trabalho. Uma metodologia de aplicação do modelo HAZ foi proposta, aplicada e validada para duas configurações de gaseificadores: dois casos de gaseificadores de biomassa em leito fluidizado borbulhante e um caso de gaseificador de carvão mineral em leito de arraste. Para os dois primeiros casos foi estimada que a transição ocorra para Da ≥ 10+5 e para o último caso; chegou-se a Da ≥ 10+3. A aplicação do modelo HAZ se mostrou satisfatória sendo que foi possível a redução do tempo computacional em pelo menos 40% com relação a uma abordagem puramente cinética. Cabe ressaltar ainda que o modelo HAZ possibilitou um maior entendimento físico e químico ao identificar os processos dominantes locais.
Gasification is a thermochemical conversion process consisting of partial oxidation of a fuel to convert it to a gas mixture (“syngas”). Generally, the gasification process modeling uses a kinetic detailed description, or approach it to a chemical equilibrium state. Both approaches have advantages and disadvantages, as well as limitations. The objective of this work was to develop a new phenomenological modeling of gasification processes through a “hybrid” model here called hybrid adaptive zone model (HAZ). This proposed modeling assumed the gasifier is represented by two types of zones: one dominated by chemical kinetics, represented by a kinetic model, and another where chemical kinetics is fast so chemical species are assumed in chemical equilibrium states, represented by an equilibrium model. A transition criterion between zones was defined by a Damköhler number (Da) which relates residence time and chemical reaction time. Therefore, the HAZ model can adapted according to the dominant processes in each zone. Firstly, a multi-phase equilibrium model (ME) was developed and applied to study the coal-biomass co-gasification of Brazilian sources. Hereafter, the HAZ model was built using the technique of equivalent reactor network (ERN) with the ME model and a kinetic model developed in this work. A methodology of use of the HAZ model was proposed, applied and validated for two configurations of gasifiers: two cases of biomass bubbling fluidized-bed gasifiers and one case of coal entrained-flow gasifier. In the first two cases the transition was estimated to occur on Da ≥ 10+5 and in the last case; we estimated on Da ≥ 10+3. The application of the HAZ model proved to be satisfactory since it could reduce the computation time by at least 40% compared to a pure kinetic approach. It should already be emphasized that the HAZ model allowed a better physical and chemical understanding of gasification by identifying the dominant local processes.
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Ekström, Joakim. "Designing Urban Road Congestion Charging Systems : Models and Heuristic Solution Approaches." Licentiate thesis, Linköping University, Department of Science and Technology, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-15747.

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The question of how to design a congestion pricing scheme is difficult to answer and involves a number of complex decisions. This thesis is devoted to the quantitative parts of designing a congestion pricing scheme with link tolls in an urban car traffic network. The problem involves finding the number of tolled links, the link toll locations and their corresponding toll level. The road users are modeled in a static framework, with elastic travel demand.

Assuming the toll locations to be fixed, we recognize a level setting problem as to find toll levels which maximize the social surplus. A heuristic procedure based on sensitivity analysis is developed to solve this optimization problem. In the numerical examples the heuristic is shown to converge towards the optimum for cases when all links are tollable, and when only some links are tollable.

We formulate a combined toll location and level setting problem as to find both toll locations and toll levels which maximize the net social surplus, which is the social surplus minus the cost of collecting the tolls. The collection cost is assumed to be given for each possible toll location, and to be independent of toll level and traffic flow. We develop a new heuristic method which is based on repeated solutions of an approximation to the combined toll location and level setting problem. Also, a known heuristic method for locating a fixed number of toll facilities is extended, to find the optimal number of facilities to locate. Both heuristics are evaluated on two small networks, where our approximation procedure shows the best results.

Our approximation procedure is also employed on the Sioux Falls network. The result is compared with different judgmental closed cordon structures, and the solution suggested by our method clearly improves the net social surplus more than any of the judgmental cordons.

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Vythoulkas, Petros C. "Modelling dynamic stochastic user equilibrium for urban road networks." Thesis, Cranfield University, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1826/3937.

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In this study a dynamic assignment model is developed which estimates travellers' route and departure time choices and the resulting time varying traffic patterns during the morning peak. The distinctive feature of the model is that it does not restrict the geometry of the network to specific forms. The proposed framework of analysis consists of a travel time model, a demand model and a demand adjustment mechanism. Two travel time models are proposed. The first is based on elementary relationships from traffic flow theory and provides the framework for a macroscopic simulation model which calculates the time varying flow patterns and link travel times given the time dependent departure rate distributions; the second is based on queueing theory and models roads as bottlenecks through which traffic flow is either uncongested or fixed at a capacity independent of traffic density. The demand model is based on the utility maximisation decision rule and defines the time dependent departure rates associated with each reasonable route connecting, the O-D pairs of the network, given the total utility associated with each combination of departure time and route. Travellers' choices are assumed to result from the trade-off between travel time and schedule delay and each individual is assumed to first choose a departure time t, and then select a reasonable route, conditional on the choice of t. The demand model has therefore the form of a nested logit. The demand adjustment mechanism is derived from a Markovian model, and describes the day-to-day evolution of the departure rate distributions. Travellers are assumed to modify their trip choice decisions based on the information they acquire from recent trips. The demand adjustment mechanism is used in order to find the equilibrium state of the system, defined as the state at which travellers believe that they cannot increase their utility of travel by unilaterally changing route or departure time. The model outputs exhibit the characteristics of real world traffic patterns observed during the peak, i. e., time varying flow patterns and travel times which result from time varying departure rates from the origins. It is shown that increasing the work start time flexibility results in a spread of the departure rate distributions over a longer period and therefore reduces the level of congestion in the network. Furthermore, it was shown that increasing the total demand using the road network results in higher levels of congestion and that travellers tend to depart earlier in an attempt to compensate for the increase in travel times. Moreover, experiments using the queueing theory based travel time model have shown that increasing the capacity of a bottleneck may cause congestion to develop downstream, which in turn may result in an increase of the average travel time for certain O-D pairs. The dynamic assignment model is also applied to estimate the effects that different road pricing policies may have on trip choices and the level of congestion; the model is used to demonstrate the development of the shifting peak phenomenon. Furthermore, the effect of information availability on the traffic patterns is investigated through a number of experiments using the developed dynamic assignment model and assuming that guided drivers form a class of users characterised by lower variability of preferences with respect to route choice.
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Sanchis, Cano Ángel. "Economic analysis of wireless sensor-based services in the framework of the Internet of Things. A game-theoretical approach." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/102642.

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El mundo de las telecomunicaciones está cambiando de un escenario donde únicamente las personas estaban conectadas a un modelo donde prácticamente todos los dispositivos y sensores se encuentran conectados, también conocido como Internet de las cosas (IoT), donde miles de millones de dispositivos se conectarán a Internet a través de conexiones móviles y redes fijas. En este contexto, hay muchos retos que superar, desde el desarrollo de nuevos estándares de comunicación al estudio de la viabilidad económica de los posibles escenarios futuros. En esta tesis nos hemos centrado en el estudio de la viabilidad económica de diferentes escenarios mediante el uso de conceptos de microeconomía, teoría de juegos, optimización no lineal, economía de redes y redes inalámbricas. La tesis analiza la transición desde redes centradas en el servicio de tráfico HTC a redes centradas en tráfico MTC desde un punto de vista económico. El primer escenario ha sido diseñado para centrarse en las primeras etapas de la transición, en la que ambos tipos de tráfico son servidos bajo la misma infraestructura de red. En el segundo escenario analizamos la siguiente etapa, en la que el servicio a los usuarios MTC se realiza mediante una infraestructura dedicada. Finalmente, el tercer escenario analiza la provisión de servicios basados en MTC a usuarios finales, mediante la infraestructura analizada en el escenario anterior. Gracias al análisis de todos los escenarios, hemos observado que la transición de redes centradas en usuarios HTC a redes MTC es posible y que la provisión de servicios en tales escenarios es viable. Además, hemos observado que el comportamiento de los usuarios es esencial para determinar la viabilidad de los diferentes modelos de negocio, y por tanto, es necesario estudiar el comportamiento y las preferencias de los usuarios en profundidad en estudios futuros. Específicamente, los factores más relevantes son la sensibilidad de los usuarios al retardo en los datos recopilados por los sensores y la cantidad de los mismos. También hemos observado que la diferenciación del tráfico en categorías mejora el uso de las redes y permite crear nuevos servicios empleando datos que, de otro modo, no se aprovecharían, lo cual nos permite mejorar la monetización de la infraestructura. También hemos demostrado que la provisión de capacidad es un mecanismo válido, alternativo a la fijación de precios, para la optimización de los beneficios de los proveedores de servicio. Finalmente, se ha demostrado que es posible crear roles específicos para ofrecer servicios IoT en el mercado de las telecomunicaciones, específicamente, los IoT-SPs, que proporcionan servicios basados en sensores inalámbricos utilizando infraestructuras de acceso de terceros y sus propias redes de sensores. En resumen, en esta tesis hemos intentado demostrar la viabilidad económica de modelos de negocio basados en redes futuras IoT, así como la aparición de nuevas oportunidades y roles de negocio, lo cual nos permite justificar económicamente el desarrollo y la implementación de las tecnologías necesarias para ofrecer servicios de acceso inalámbrico masivo a dispositivos MTC.
The communications world is moving from a standalone devices scenario to a all-connected scenario known as Internet of Things (IoT), where billions of devices will be connected to the Internet through mobile and fixed networks. In this context, there are several challenges to face, from the development of new standards to the study of the economical viability of the different future scenarios. In this dissertation we have focused on the study of the economic viability of different scenarios using concepts of microeconomics, game theory, non-linear optimization, network economics and wireless networks. The dissertation analyzes the transition from a Human Type Communications (HTC) to a Machine Type Communications (MTC) centered network from an economic point of view. The first scenario is designed to focus on the first stages of the transition, where HTC and MTC traffic are served on a common network infrastructure. The second scenario analyzes the provision of connectivity service to MTC users using a dedicated network infrastructure, while the third stage is centered in the analysis of the provision of services based on the MTC data over the infrastructure studied in the previous scenario. Thanks to the analysis of all the scenarios we have observed that the transition from HTC users-centered networks to MTC networks is possible and that the provision of services in such scenarios is viable. In addition, we have observed that the behavior of the users is essential in order to determine the viability of a business model, and therefore, it is needed to study their behavior and preferences in depth in future studios. Specifically, the most relevant factors are the sensitivity of the users to the delay and to the amount of data gathered by the sensors. We also have observed that the differentiation of the traffic in categories improves the usage of the networks and allows to create new services thanks to the data that otherwise would not be used, improving the monetization of the infrastructure and the data. In addition, we have shown that the capacity provision is a valid mechanism for providers' profit optimization, as an alternative to the pricing mechanisms. Finally, it has been demonstrated that it is possible to create dedicated roles to offer IoT services in the telecommunications market, specifically, the IoT-SPs, which provide wireless-sensor-based services to the final users using a third party infrastructure. Summarizing, this dissertation tries to demonstrate the economic viability of the future IoT networks business models as well as the emergence of new business opportunities and roles in order to justify economically the development and implementation of the new technologies required to offer massive wireless access to machine devices.
El món de les telecomunicacions està canviant d'un escenari on únicament les persones estaven connectades a un model on pràcticament tots els dispositius i sensors es troben connectats, també conegut com a Internet de les Coses (IoT) , on milers de milions de dispositius es connectaran a Internet a través de connexions mòbils i xarxes fixes. En aquest context, hi ha molts reptes que superar, des del desenrotllament de nous estàndards de comunicació a l'estudi de la viabilitat econòmica dels possibles escenaris futurs. En aquesta tesi ens hem centrat en l'estudi de la viabilitat econòmica de diferents escenaris per mitjà de l'ús de conceptes de microeconomia, teoria de jocs, optimització no lineal, economia de xarxes i xarxes inalàmbriques. La tesi analitza la transició des de xarxes centrades en el servici de tràfic HTC a xarxes centrades en tràfic MTC des d'un punt de vista econòmic. El primer escenari ha sigut dissenyat per a centrar-se en les primeres etapes de la transició, en la que ambdós tipus de tràfic són servits davall la mateixa infraestructura de xarxa. En el segon escenari analitzem la següent etapa, en la que el servici als usuaris MTC es realitza per mitjà d'una infraestructura dedicada. Finalment, el tercer escenari analitza la provisió de servicis basats en MTC a usuaris finals, per mitjà de la infraestructura analitzada en l'escenari anterior. Als paràgrafs següents es descriu amb més detall cada escenari. Gràcies a l'anàlisi de tots els escenaris, hem observat que la transició de xarxes centrades en usuaris HTC a xarxes MTC és possible i que la provisió de servicis en tals escenaris és viable. A més a més, hem observat que el comportament dels usuaris és essencial per a determinar la viabilitat dels diferents models de negoci, i per tant, és necessari estudiar el comportament i les preferències dels usuaris en profunditat en estudis futurs. Específicament, els factors més rellevants són la sensibilitat dels usuaris al retard en les dades recopilats pels sensors i la quantitat dels mateixos. També hem observat que la diferenciació del tràfic en categories millora l'ús de les xarxes i permet crear nous servicis emprant dades que, d'una altra manera, no s'aprofitarien, la qual cosa ens permet millorar la monetització de la infraestructura. També hem demostrat que la provisió de capacitat és un mecanisme vàlid, alternatiu a la fixació de preus, per a l'optimització dels beneficis dels proveïdors de servici. Finalment, s'ha demostrat que és possible crear rols específics per a oferir servicis IoT en el mercat de les telecomunicacions, específicament, els IoT-SPs, que proporcionen servicis basats en sensors inalàmbrics utilitzant infraestructures d'accés de tercers i les seues pròpies xarxes de sensors. En resum, en aquesta tesi hem intentat demostrar la viabilitat econòmica de models de negoci basats en xarxes futures IoT, així com l'aparició de noves oportunitats i rols de negoci, la qual cosa ens permet justificar econòmicament el desenrotllament i la implementació de les tecnologies necessàries per a oferir servicis d'accés inalàmbric massiu a dispositius MTC.
Sanchis Cano, Á. (2018). Economic analysis of wireless sensor-based services in the framework of the Internet of Things. A game-theoretical approach [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/102642
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Wagner, Nicolas. "Dynamic equilibrium on a transportation network : mathematical porperties and economic application." Thesis, Paris Est, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PEST1050.

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Cette thèse porte sur les modèles d'équilibre dynamique sur un réseau de transport et de leurs applications à l'affectation de trafic. Elle vise à proposer une formulation à la fois générale, mathématiquement rigoureuse et microéconomiquement cohérente de l'équilibre dynamique. Une attention toute particulière est accordée à la représentation de la demande de transport et plus spécifiquement à la modélisation des hétérogénéités dans les préférences des usagers du réseau, ainsi que de leurs stratégies de choix d'horaires dans leurs déplacements. Tout d'abord nous exprimons l'équilibre dynamique comme un jeu de Nash avec un continuum de joueurs. Cette formulation nous permet d'obtenir un résultat d'existence. Celui-ci s'applique notamment au plus simple des modèles d'équilibre dynamique, où les usagers sont identiques et ne choisissent pas leurs horaires de départ. Ensuite, nous présentons deux modèles d'équilibre pour lesquels une solution analytique peut être établie. Le premier est une généralisation du modèle de goulot de Vickrey. Alors que Vickrey considère une distribution des horaires préférés d'arrivée en forme de S, nous traitons de distributions quelconques. Le deuxième modèle proposé est un réseau à péage avec deux routes et des usagers dont la valeur du temps est distribuée. Ce modèle nous permet d'investiguer les efficacités relatives de différentes stratégies de tarification et de voir comment celles-ci sont affectés par le niveau d'hétérogénéité dans la valeur du temps. Pour finir, un modèle calculable est présenté et des méthodes de résolution sont proposées. Le modèle est testé sur le réseau routier national. Par ailleurs, il est exploité pour tester une tarification modulée en fonction du temps dont l'objectif est d'atténuer la congestion lors des grands départs de vacances
This thesis is focused on dynamic user equilibrium (DUE) models and theirapplications to traffic assignment. It aims at providing a mathematically rigorous and general formulation for the DUE. Particular attention is paid to the representation of transport demand and more specifically to trip scheduling and users with heterogeneous preferences.The DUE is first expressed as a Nash game with a continuum of players. It strongly relies on up-to-date results from mathematical economics. This formulation allows to prove an existence result for DUE. This results notably applies to one of the simplest dynamic user equilibrium model, where users are homogeneous and departure time choice is not allowed.Then, two simple DUE models for which the solutions can be derived analytically are presented. The first one is a generalization of the Vickrey's bottleneck model. Whereas Vickrey assumed that the distribution of preferred arrival time is S-shaped, we consider more general distributions. In the second model, we have a two-route tolled network where users are continuously heterogeneous with respect to their value of time. This allows us to conduct a study on the relative efficiencies of various pricing strategy and how it is affected by the level of heterogeneity in users' value of time.Finally, a computable model is designed and corresponding solution methods are proposed. A test on the french national road network is conducted. The model is used to assess an hypothetical time-varying pricing scheme intended to ease summer traffic congestion
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Daya, Bassam. "Résolution numérique des équations du champ neural : étude de la coordination du mouvement par des modèles mathématiques du cervelet." Angers, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ANGE0013.

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Nous abordons le problème de la coordination du mouvement par les deux approches continues et discrètes, afin de les comparer en vue du neurocontrôle en robotique. Dans le premier chapitre, le formalisme des champs et les équations du champ pour un tissu nerveux ont été rappelés. Ces équations incluent les mécanismes physiologiques du système nerveux pour mieux tenir compte de la réalité. Les hypothèses permettant de retrouver les modèles classiques ont été déterminées, prouvant ainsi la généralité de la théorie du champ envisagée. Dans le deuxième chapitre, la résolution numérique des équations du champ est réalisée au moyen de la technique des éléments finis et des différences finies. Il est supposé que l'équation au niveau neuronal est bidimensionnelle, alors que celle du niveau synaptique est à une dimension. A la fin de ce chapitre, nous proposons des simulations pour les réseaux multicouches classiques illustrant la propagation de l'activation. Dans le troisième chapitre, nous présentons les premiers résultats de l'application du formalisme des champs au cervelet. En particulier, les propriétés concernant l'effet de la localisation géométrique des neurones et l'effet de la hiérarchie sont déduites. Dans le quatrième chapitre, nous commençons par l'étude du modèle du cervelet en boucle fermée en analysant le rôle de la fibre grimpante dont on sait qu'elle véhicule le signal d'erreur. La méthode analytique utilisée, est fondée sur une technique classique d'optimisation. Nous généralisons ensuite notre méthode. Enfin nous abordons dans une dernière section un aspect de la robotique mobile. Nous avons considéré l'exemple simplifie d'un bipède dont il faut contrôler l'équilibre dynamique par l'accélération articulaire du tronc. On montre que notre modèle permet d'apprendre à contrôler l'équilibre dynamique du système pour les trajectoires apprises et d'anticiper celles qui sont non apprises.
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Chatzopoulos, Athanasios. "Modelling of turbulent combustion using the Rate-Controlled Constrained Equilibrium (RCCE)-Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) approach." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/30782.

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The objective of this work is the formulation, development and implementation of Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) to turbulent combustion problems, for the representation of reduced chemical kinetics. Although ANNs are general and robust tools for simulating dynamical systems within reasonable computational times, their employment in combustion has been limited. In previous studies, ANNs were trained with data collected from either the test case of interest or from a similar problem. To overcome this training drawback, in this work, ANNs are trained with samples generated from an abstract problem; the laminar flamelet equation, allowing the simulation of a wide range of problems. To achieve this, the first step is to reduce a detailed chemical mechanism to a manageable number of variables. This task is performed by the Rate-Controlled Constrained Equilibrium (RCCE) reduction method. The training data sets consist of the composition of points with random mixture fraction, recorded from flamelets with random strain rates. The training, testing and simulation of the ANNs is carried out via the Self-Organising Map - Multilayer Perceptrons (SOM-MLPs) approach. The SOM-MLPs combination takes advantage of a reference map and splits the chemical space into domains of chemical similarity, allowing the employment of a separate MLP for each sub-domain. The RCCE-ANNs tabulation is used to replace conventional chemistry integration methods in RANS computations and LES of real turbulent flames. In the context of RANS the interaction of turbulence and combustion is described by using a PDF method utilising stochastic Lagrangian particles. In LES the sub-grid PDF is represented by an ensemble of Eulerian stochastic fields. Test cases include non-premixed and partially premixed turbulent flames in both non-piloted and piloted burner configurations. The comparison between RCCE-ANNs, real-time RCCE and experimental measurements shows good overall agreement in reproducing the overall flame structure and a significant speed-up of CPU time by the RCCE-ANN method.
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Book chapters on the topic "Network Equilibrium Modeling"

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Swamy, Rahul, Timothy Murray, and Jugal Garg. "Network Cost-Sharing Games: Equilibrium Computation and Applications to Election Modeling." In Combinatorial Optimization and Applications, 722–38. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-04651-4_49.

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Treur, Jan. "Where is This Leading Me: Stationary Point and Equilibrium Analysis for Self-Modeling Network Models." In Studies in Systems, Decision and Control, 491–535. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-85821-6_18.

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Nagurney, Anna, and Ding Zhang. "Network Equilibria and Disequilibria." In Equilibrium and Advanced Transportation Modelling, 201–43. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5757-9_10.

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Cantarella, Giulio Erberto, and Ennio Cascetta. "Stochastic Assignment to Transportation Networks: Models and Algorithms." In Equilibrium and Advanced Transportation Modelling, 87–107. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5757-9_5.

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Bouzaïene-Ayari, Belgacem, Michel Gendreau, and Sang Nguyen. "Passenger Assignment in Congested Transit Networks: A Historical Perspective." In Equilibrium and Advanced Transportation Modelling, 47–71. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5757-9_3.

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Berechman, Joseph, and Oz Shy. "The Structure of Airline Equilibrium Networks." In Recent Advances in Spatial Equilibrium Modelling, 138–55. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-80080-1_7.

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Czegledy, T., R. V. Fedorenko, and N. A. Zaichikova. "Modelling of Software Producer and Customer Interaction: Nash Equilibrium." In Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, 298–307. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-27015-5_36.

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Rouskas, Evangelos. "On Multiplicity of Equilibria in Search Markets with Social Networks." In Business Intelligence and Modelling, 85–91. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-57065-1_7.

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Tarantino, Riccardo, Greta Panunzi, and Valentino Romano. "Modeling of Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium Using Dynamic Random Networks in an ABM Framework." In Complex Networks and Their Applications XI, 241–50. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-21127-0_20.

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Barr, J., and F. Saraceno. "Modeling the Firm as an Artificial Neural Network." In Handbook of Research on Nature-Inspired Computing for Economics and Management, 263–80. IGI Global, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59140-984-7.ch019.

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The purpose of this chapter is to make the case that first a standard artificial neural network can be used as a general model of the information processing activities of the firm; second, to present a synthesis of Barr and Saraceno (2002, 2004, 2005), who offer various models of the firm as an artificial neural network. An important motivation of this work is the desire to bridge the gap between economists, who are mainly interested in market outcomes, and management scholars, who focus on firm organization. The first model has the firm in a price-taking situation. We show that increasing environmental complexity is associated with larger firm size and lower profits. In the second and third models, neural networks compete in a Cournot game. We demonstrate that they can learn to converge to the Cournot-Nash equilibrium and that optimal network sizes increase with complexity. In addition, we investigate the conditions that are necessary for two networks to learn to collude over time.
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Conference papers on the topic "Network Equilibrium Modeling"

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Tian, Lijun, Haijun Huang, and Xin Wang. "Network Equilibrium Modeling Considering the Travelers' Risk Perception on Arrival Time." In The Twelfth COTA International Conference of Transportation Professionals. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784412442.048.

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Zhang, Zhuoye, Fangni Zhang, and Wei Liu. "Modeling the Joint Network Equilibrium with Private and Shared Autonomous Vehicles." In 22nd COTA International Conference of Transportation Professionals. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784484265.252.

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Ghosh, Arnob, Laura Cottatellucci, and Eitan Altman. "Normalized nash equilibrium for power allocation in femto base stations in heterogeneous network." In 2015 13th International Symposium on Modeling and Optimization in Mobile, Ad Hoc, and Wireless Networks (WiOpt). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/wiopt.2015.7151100.

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Chen, Xinyuan, Zhiyuan Liu, Inhi Kim, and Qian Cheng. "Modeling Asymmetric and Non-Additive P&R Schemes in Multimodal Network Equilibrium Problem." In 17th COTA International Conference of Transportation Professionals. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784480915.289.

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Xie, T., S. M. Ghiaasiaan, S. Karrila, and T. McDonough. "Hybrid Neural Network-First Principles Modeling of Critical Heat Flux in a Thin Annular Channel." In ASME 2002 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2002-39067.

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The hybrid artificial neural network-first principle modeling (ANN-FPM) is a powerful and flexible methodology that can be particularly useful for complex multi-phase flow processes. In this method the flow state variables are obtained from the solution of conservative equations using first principle-based closure relations whenever possible, and using trained artificial neural networks for poorly-understood rate processes. The ANN-FPM methodology is applied to a set of experimental data representing critical heat flux in a uniformly heated horizontal annular test section cooled with water. The first principle method is based on numerical solution of one-dimensional two-phase equilibrium conservation equations with velocity slip represented by an algebraic slip ratio correlation. The critical heat flux is predicted using trained neural networks that use local hydrodynamic parameters estimated by the first principle method. It is shown that the methodology works well for the studied data.
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Ozcan, Neyir. "New results for global stability of neutral-type delayed neural networks." In The 11th International Conference on Integrated Modeling and Analysis in Applied Control and Automation. CAL-TEK srl, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.46354/i3m.2018.imaaca.004.

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"This paper deals with the stability analysis of the class of neutral-type neural networks with constant time delay. By using a suitable Lyapunov functional, some delay independent sufficient conditions are derived, which ensure the global asymptotic stability of the equilibrium point for this this class of neutral-type neural networks with time delays with respect to the Lipschitz activation functions. The presented stability results rely on checking some certain properties of matrices. Therefore, it is easy to verify the validation of the constraint conditions on the network parameters of neural system by simply using some basic information of the matrix theory."
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Hu, Jianqiang, Haiying Li, Lingyun Meng, and Xinyue Xu. "Modeling Capacity of Urban Rail Transit Network Based on Bi-Level Programming." In 2013 Joint Rail Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2013-2429.

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Capacity index of Urban Rail Transit (URT) Network plays an improtant role in rational utilization of system capacity and operation management. A definition and calculating method of the capacity of URT Network was first proposed according to the features of URT network and route choice behavior of rail passengers in this paper. Several aspects of influencing factors of URT capacity were analyzed. A bi-level programming model was presented to optimize the URT capacity besides the system utility. Upper level of the model aims at maximizing the total OD flow through the URT network, and the lower level model is one kind of Fisk Equilibrium model. A new kind of impendence function relevant to the lower level model was put forward in consideration of practical traveler behavior. Genetic algorithm technique was applied to solve the bi-level programming model on the premise that the bi-level programming problem be converted into a single-level programming which was achieved by reformulating the lower-level problem model to its equivalent Karush-Kuhn-Tucker conditions. Effective crossover and mutation operators were proposed to enhance the convergence of the Genetic algorithm. A simplified network of Beijing URT was designed and numerical examples were conducted to prove that the proposed model and algorithm are feasible and valid in calculating the capacity of such network.
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Makhoul-Mansour, Michelle, Elio J. Challita, and Eric C. Freeman. "Chain Failure Events in Microfluidic Membrane Networks." In ASME 2016 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2016-9143.

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Multiple lipid encased water droplets may be linked together in oil to form large networks of droplet interface bilayers thus creating a new class of stimuli-responsive materials for applications in sensing, actuation, drug delivery, and tissue engineering. While single droplet interface bilayers have been extensively studied, comparatively little is known about their interaction in large networks. One particular problem of interest is understanding the impact of the coalescence of two neighboring droplets on the overall structural integrity of the network. Here, we propose a computational modeling scheme that predicts and characterizes the mechanical properties of the multiple lipid bilayer interfaces within the droplet network upon intentional coalescence of adjacent droplets. Droplet networks with tailored architectures are synthesized with the aid of magnetic motor droplets containing a biocompatible ferrofluid. The equilibrium configuration of the droplet networks is compared to computational prediction which defines the overall stability by summing the interfacial energies. Once the networks are completed, failure in selected membranes is induced. As the targeted droplets coalesce together, the equilibrium structure of the network is altered and the remaining droplets may shift to new configurations dictated by their minimized mechanical energies.
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Meidani, Hossein, Michel Rappaz, and Alain Jacot. "Multiphase-Field Modeling of Micropore Formation in Metallic Alloys." In ASME 2013 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2013-66827.

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A multiphase-field model has been developed in order to study the evolution of micropores constrained to grow in a solid network, with a so-called pinching effect. The model accounts for the pressure difference due to capillarity between liquid and gas, the equilibrium condition at triple (solid-liquid-pore) lines, the partitioning and diffusion of dissolved gases such as hydrogen in aluminum alloys. The model is used to study the growth of a pore in a solid network, reconstructed from X-ray tomography observations. It was observed that such calculations can help to better understand the experimental observations, which have a limited temporal and spatial resolution. The predicted morphology is also compared with the experimental observation.
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Erol, Anil, Saad Ahmed, Paris von Lockette, and Zoubeida Ounaies. "Analysis of Microstructure-Based Network Models for the Nonlinear Electrostriction Modeling of Electro-Active Polymers." In ASME 2017 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2017-3979.

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Relaxor ferroelectric polymers are a unique branch of electro-active polymers (EAPs) that generate high electromechanical strain with relatively low hysteresis and high nonlinearity. Polyvinylidene fluoride-based EAPs possess these qualities due to the semicrystalline nature of their microstructure. The interactions of electric dipoles within the microstructure of the material generate large strains under an external electric field, and the reduced crystalline domain sizes yield a relaxor effect by exhibiting low hysteresis and hyperelastic properties. This phenomenon has been partially modeled by previous works, but micro-electro-mechanisms for electrostriction in the microstructure have been largely ignored. This study focuses on the effects of various microstructural frameworks on the nonlinear dielectric behavior of dipole-based, semicrystalline EAPs. The Helmholtz free energy function of a microscopic representative volume element (RVE) is composed of an electrostatic energy and an elastic energy. The dipole-dipole interaction energy is prescribed for the electrostatic forces observed among the crystalline regions, and the elastic component attributed to the relaxation of the amorphous phase is modeled by the hyperelastic eight-chain model, which is microstructure-based. The RVE of the system is modeled by a central dipole surrounded by dipoles whose relative spatial locations are determined by a probability distribution function (PDF). The hyperelastic amorphous phase constitutes the volume separating the central and surrounding dipoles. The free energy of the RVE is implemented into a continuum description of the equilibrium of the system to obtain electromechanical relations. Additionally, this electromechanical response data is applied to a 1D structural mechanics model for simulating the large deformation of a multi-layered beam. The effects of microstructure on electrostrictive coupling are explored by varying the centers and deviations of dipole locations within the PDF. Discrete microstructural arrangements representing 3-chain network averaging schemes may be studied alongside more continuous ellipsoidal or random models of dipole spatial arrangements. The simulation results of the PDF-based networks are in good agreement with experimental data. The results indicate that the electrostrictive behavior of EAPs is strongly dependent on (1) the relative dipole spatial locations and (2) the extent of the regions containing dipoles, which represent crystalline domains. The model finds that adding extra crystalline domains in the network averaging schemes generates a better characteristic behavior due to a broader averaging of spatial orientations. These results offer a gateway to predicting microstructurally-dependent dipole-based behavior that can lead to the predictive theoretical tailoring of microstructures for desired electromechanical properties.
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