Journal articles: 'Network Design Setting'

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Memoli, Silvio, Giulio E. Cantarella, Stefano de Luca, and Roberta Di Pace. "Network signal setting design with stage sequence optimisation." Transportation Research Part B: Methodological 100 (June 2017): 20–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trb.2017.01.013.

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Cantarella, Giulio E., Stefano de Luca, Roberta Di Pace, and Silvio Memoli. "Network Signal Setting Design: Meta-heuristic optimisation methods." Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies 55 (June 2015): 24–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trc.2015.03.032.

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Olenev, V. L., I. Ya Lavrovskaya, L. I. Kurbanov, I. L. Korobkov, and Yu E. Sheynin. "COMPUTER AIDED DESIGN SYSTEM FOR SPACECRAFT ONBOARD NETWORKS." Issues of radio electronics, no. 8 (August 20, 2018): 145–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.21778/2218-5453-2018-8-145-153.

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Modern spacecraft onboard networks consist of a large number of nodes which interact with each other via a communication network. SpaceWire is a new generation technology which is being integrated into new spacecraft systems. In order to check network operation on the early stages of network design it is reasonable to perform its software simulation. The paper provides an analysis of existing simulation tools for the on-board and local area networks. We overview the main abilities of the existing software and then propose the computer-aided design (CAD) system for SpaceWire onboard networks design and simulation - SANDS. This software will solve important tasks, which spacecraft developers face with during implementation of satellites and other space vehicles. SANDS system will support the full on-board network design and simulation flow, which begins from the network topology automated generation and finishes with getting the network structure, configuration and parameters setting, simulation results and statistics.

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Liu, Haoxiang, David Z. W. Wang, and Hao Yue. "Global Optimization for Transport Network Expansion and Signal Setting." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2015 (2015): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/385713.

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This paper proposes a model to address an urban transport planning problem involving combined network design and signal setting in a saturated network. Conventional transport planning models usually deal with the network design problem and signal setting problem separately. However, the fact that network capacity design and capacity allocation determined by network signal setting combine to govern the transport network performance requires the optimal transport planning to consider the two problems simultaneously. In this study, a combined network capacity expansion and signal setting model with consideration of vehicle queuing on approaching legs of intersection is developed to consider their mutual interactions so that best transport network performance can be guaranteed. We formulate the model as a bilevel program and design an approximated global optimization solution method based on mixed-integer linearization approach to solve the problem, which is inherently nnonlinear and nonconvex. Numerical experiments are conducted to demonstrate the model application and the efficiency of solution algorithm.

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Nikolić, Miloš, and Dušan Teodorović. "A simultaneous transit network design and frequency setting: Computing with bees." Expert Systems with Applications 41, no. 16 (November 2014): 7200–7209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2014.05.034.

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Zhao, Ning, Xue Li, Mei Yang, and Xin Ting Huang. "Vehicular Ad-Hoc Network and Routing Design." Applied Mechanics and Materials 641-642 (September 2014): 829–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.641-642.829.

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To analyze vehicular Ad-Hoc network routing performance, the GPSR routing performance is studied using network simulation software NS2 compared with traffic simulation software VanetMobiSim. 100 nodes communicated with each other was stimulated by adding routing protocol into NS2, building the environment of simulation, setting simulation parameters and writing TCL script. The data packet delivery path was examined by trace files and GPSR routing performance was concluded through Gawk. The average end-to-end transmission delay trends to increase and the average delivery rate trends to drop when the average speed of vehicle nodes increase.

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Zhang, Jian Qi, Fu Min Bao, and Hong Tao Dang. "ControlNet Control System Network Design and Optimization." Advanced Materials Research 586 (November 2012): 399–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.586.399.

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By analyzing the communication principles of ControlNet and combining with the specific production process flow, the ControlNet control system has been designed. Meanwhile, the ControlNet network optimization scheme is proposed and has been applied in the actual production according to the existing ControlNet design problems. The application result shows that the network division and network key parameters setting are very effective optimization methods, which successfully solved the emerging ControlNet fault in the production process and met the control requirements. At the same time, they are worth to be consulted for ControlNet design and optimization.

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Chai, Shushan, and Qinghuai Liang. "An Improved NSGA-II Algorithm for Transit Network Design and Frequency Setting Problem." Journal of Advanced Transportation 2020 (January 16, 2020): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/2895320.

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The transit network design and frequency setting problem is related to the generation of transit routes with corresponding frequency schedule. Considering not only the influence of transfers but also the delay caused by congestion on passengers’ travel time, a multi-objective transit network design model is developed. The model aims to minimize the travel time of passengers and minimize the number of vehicles used in the network. To solve the model belongs to a NP-Hard problem and is intractable due to the high complexity and strict constraints. In order to obtain the better network schemes, a multi-population genetic algorithm is proposed based on NSGA-II framework. With the algorithm, network generation, mode choice, demand assignment, and frequency setting are all integrated to be solved. The effectiveness of the algorithm which includes the high global convergence and the applicability for the problem is verified by comparison with previous works and calculation of a real-size case. The model and algorithm can be used to provide candidates for the sustainable policy formulation of urban transit network scheme.

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Konstantinidou, Maria A., Konstantinos L. Kepaptsoglou, and Antony Stathopoulos. "A Multi-objective Network Design Model for Post-disaster Transportation Network Management." PROMET - Traffic&Transportation 31, no. 1 (February 21, 2019): 11–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.7307/ptt.v31i1.2743.

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Despite their inherent vulnerability to structural and functional degradation, transportation networks play a vital role in the aftermath of disasters by ensuring physical access to the affected communities and providing services according to the generated needs. In this setting of operational conditions and service needs which deviate from normal, a restructuring of network functions is deemed to be beneficial for overall network serviceability. In such context, this paper explores the planning of post-disaster operations on a network following a hazardous event on one of the network’s nodes. Lane reversal, demand regulation and path activation are applied to provide an optimally reconfigured network with reallocated demand, so that the network performance is maximized. The problem is formulated as a bi-level optimization model; the upper level determines the optimal network management strategy implementation scheme while the lower level assigns traffic on the network. Three performance indices are used for that purpose: the total network travel time (TNTT), the total network flow (TNF) and the special origin-destination pair (OD pair) accessibility. A genetic algorithm coupled with a traffic assignment process is used as a solution methodology. Application of the model on a real urban network proves the computational efficiency of the algorithm; the model systematically produces robust results of enhanced network performance, indicating its value as an operation planning tool.

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Buba, Ahmed Tarajo, and Lai Soon Lee. "A differential evolution for simultaneous transit network design and frequency setting problem." Expert Systems with Applications 106 (September 2018): 277–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2018.04.011.

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Kheshti, Mostafa, and Xiaoning Kang. "Optimal overcurrent relay coordination in distribution network based on Lightning Flash Algorithm." Engineering Computations 35, no. 3 (May 8, 2018): 1140–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ec-01-2017-0003.

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Purpose Distribution network protection is a complicated problem and mal-operation of the protective relays due to false settings make the operation of the network unreliable. Besides, obtaining proper settings could be very complicated. This paper aims to discuss an innovative evolutionary Lightning Flash Algorithm (LFA) which is developed for solving the relay coordination problems in distribution networks. The proposed method is inspired from the movements of cloud to ground lightning strikes in a thunderstorm phenomenon. LFA is applied on three case study systems including ring, interconnected and radial distribution networks. The power flow analysis is performed in Digsilent Power Factory software; then the collected data are sent to MATLAB software for optimization process. The proposed algorithm provides optimum time multiplier setting and plug setting of all digital overcurrent relays in each system. The results are compared with other methods such as particle swarm optimization and genetic algorithm. The result comparisons demonstrate that the proposed LFA can successfully obtain proper relay settings in distribution networks with faster speed of convergence and lower total operation time of relays. Also, it shows the superiority and effectiveness of this method against other algorithms. Design/methodology/approach A novel LFA is designed based on the movements of cloud to ground lightning strikes in a thunderstorm. This method is used to optimally adjust the time multiplier setting and plug setting of the relays in distribution system to provide a proper coordination scheme. Findings The proposed algorithm was tested on three case study systems, and the results were compared with other methods. The results confirmed that the proposed method could optimally adjust the relay settings in the electric distribution system to provide a proper protection scheme. Practical implications The practical implications can be conducted on distribution networks. The studies provided in this paper approve the practical application of the proposed method in providing proper relay protection in real power system. Originality/value This paper proposes a new evolutionary method derived from the movements of cloud to ground lightning strikes in thunderstorm. The proposed method can be used as an optimization toolbox to solve complex optimization problems in practical engineering systems.

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Vlachopanagiotis, Theocharis, Konstandinos Grizos, Georgios Georgiadis, and Ioannis Politis. "Public Transportation Network Design and Frequency Setting: Pareto Optimality through Alternating-Objective Genetic Algorithms." Future Transportation 1, no. 2 (August 2, 2021): 248–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/futuretransp1020015.

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The transportation network design and frequency setting problem concerns the optimization of transportation systems comprising fleets of vehicles serving a set amount of passengers on a predetermined network (e.g., public transport systems). It has been a persistent focus of the transportation planning community while, its NP-hard nature continues to present obstacles in designing efficient, all-encompassing solutions. In this paper, we present a new approach based on an alternating-objective genetic algorithm that aims to find Pareto optimality between user and operator costs. Extensive computational experiments are performed on Mandl’s benchmark test and prove that the results generated by our algorithm are 5–6% improved in comparison to previously published results for Pareto optimality objectives both in regard to user and operator costs. At the same time, the methods presented are computationally inexpensive and easily run on office equipment, thus minimizing the need for expensive server infrastructure and costs. Additionally, we identify a wide variance in the way that similar computational results are reported and, propose a novel way of reporting benchmark results that facilitates comparisons between methods and enables a taxonomy of heuristic approaches to be created. Thus, this paper aims to provide an efficient, easily applicable method for finding Pareto optimality in transportation networks while highlighting specific limitations of existing research both in regards to the methods used and the way they are communicated.

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Baek, Jinsuk, Munene W. Kanampiu, and Cheonshik Kim. "A Secure Internet of Things Smart Home Network: Design and Configuration." Applied Sciences 11, no. 14 (July 7, 2021): 6280. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11146280.

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Many home IoT devices are joining IoT networks by gaining access to some home gateway that configures smart, multimedia, and home networks. To enable secure IoT-based home networking services, (1) an IoT network should be effectively designed and configured with a IoT server, (2) a messaging protocol is required to exchange information between the IoT server and IoT devices, and (3) the home gateway should monitor all safety aspects in both inbound and outbound traffic of the home network. However, not all home network users put in consideration the need for an adequate security posture. Instead, many users still rely on the minimum home network security by setting an easiest-to-guess password to restrict unauthorized access to their home gateway. In this paper, we propose a network design and configuration that enables secure IoT services with MQTT messaging protocol for home networks. With the proposed network design, a home network is interconnected to external networks through a home gateway. To separate the IoT-subnet from other parts of home network, the home gateway subdivides a home network into an inside-subnet and an IoT-subnet with a private IP address using subnet masking. The IoT server, located in the IoT-subnet can be implemented with either a general HTTP server or a security server that acts as an MQTT broker. The secure communications among network entities are governed by a home gateway operating a well-configured extended access control. The effectiveness of the proposed design and configuration is verified through a simulation by showing that it does not impose any significant performance degradation for reinforced security. We expect the proposed configuration to help facilitate interconnection among heterogeneous network entities.

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Gupta, Shashank, and Piyush Gupta. "Setting-up material handling network in manufacturing systems using graph theory." Journal of Advances in Management Research 15, no. 1 (February 5, 2018): 58–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jamr-08-2017-0084.

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Purpose Material handling (MH) is an important facility in any manufacturing system. It facilitates the transport of in-process material from one workstation (WS) to another. MH devices do imply incurring capital costs and, therefore, minimizing their deployment without compromising on smooth material flow will ensure savings in addition to the optimal use of productive shop floor space and, avoid space cluttering. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the minimal network that connects all the WSs, therefore ensuring economic and safe manufacturing operations. Design/methodology/approach Graph theoretical approach and Prim’s algorithm for minimal spanning tree is used to evaluate the minimal span of the MH devices. The algorithm is initialized by translating the graph of WSs into a distance matrix to evaluate the minimal MH network. Findings The minimal length of the MH devices is evaluated for a typical case study. Research limitations/implications The step-by step methodology explained in the manuscript acts as a good guide for practicing operational managers. The shortcoming of the methodology is that, it presumes the use of modular MH devices that will need to be reconfigured based on dynamic changes to the manufacturing system. Practical implications The methodology is explained in detail to enable the practicing managers to use it for designing their MH networks in any manufacturing system. Originality/value There is no evidence to indicate the use of minimal spanning tree algorithm for design of MH networks in a manufacturing system. This paper attempts to fill this gap.

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Yu, Zheqi, Adnan Zahid, Shuja Ansari, Hasan Abbas, Amir M. Abdulghani, Hadi Heidari, Muhammad A. Imran, and Qammer H. Abbasi. "Hardware-Based Hopfield Neuromorphic Computing for Fall Detection." Sensors 20, no. 24 (December 17, 2020): 7226. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20247226.

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With the popularity of smart wearable systems, sensor signal processing poses more challenges to machine learning in embedded scenarios. For example, traditional machine-learning methods for data classification, especially in real time, are computationally intensive. The deployment of Artificial Intelligence algorithms on embedded hardware for fast data classification and accurate fall detection poses a huge challenge in achieving power-efficient embedded systems. Therefore, by exploiting the associative memory feature of Hopfield Neural Network, a hardware module has been designed to simulate the Neural Network algorithm which uses sensor data integration and data classification for recognizing the fall. By adopting the Hebbian learning method for training neural networks, weights of human activity features are obtained and implemented/embedded into the hardware design. Here, the neural network weight of fall activity is achieved through data preprocessing, and then the weight is mapped to the amplification factor setting in the hardware. The designs are checked with validation scenarios, and the experiment is completed with a Hopfield neural network in the analog module. Through simulations, the classification accuracy of the fall data reached 88.9% which compares well with some other results achieved by the software-based machine-learning algorithms, which verify the feasibility of our hardware design. The designed system performs the complex signal calculations of the hardware’s feedback signal, replacing the software-based method. A straightforward circuit design is used to meet the weight setting from the Hopfield neural network, which is maximizing the reusability and flexibility of the circuit design.

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Hafiz Muhammad Usman Gull, Hafiz Muhammad Usman Gull. "Enterprise Security of Wi-Fi Networks using Simulation." International Journal for Electronic Crime Investigation 2, no. 2 (June 7, 2018): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.54692/ijeci.2018.020214.

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Wireless network setting is developing into the market, and it is the major way of accessing the internet. Design and security of these networks for an organization need to be considered to ensure mobility and access to each individual is accomplished. In this study, simulation effects of 802.1X with flexible authentication via secure tunneling are performed. Opportunistic key caching which is preferred by many vendors was used to transit the session information from the posterior access point to the prior access point to minimize the hand-off latency to allow continuous connectivity to avoid poor network performance. The simulation process was applied throughout the write up of this article without setting up the pricy real lab-test. After the successful modelling of the network, the outcome will be transferred to the real-life environment. The network simulator software was used to illustrate roaming while Cisco Packet Tracer was engaged in the layout design of the wireless nodes. This research applies to network administrators and engineers across the globe to save time and the cost for the network appliances.

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Sadabadi, Kaveh F., Hedayat Zokaei-Aashtiani, and Ali Haghani. "Lower-Bound Solution Algorithm for Equilibrium Signal-Setting Problem." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2085, no. 1 (January 2008): 104–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2085-12.

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The equilibrium signal-setting problem is stated and subsequently formulated as a continuous equilibrium network design problem. The bilevel formulation is nonconvex and therefore cannot be solved for global optima by using descent solution algorithms. Therefore, a lower bound using a system optimal flow pattern is proposed that will be quite tight in both uncongested and highly congested network traffic situations. A solution algorithm based on the standard steepest-descent method is proposed for the lower-bound problem. Performance of the solution algorithm on a network problem is reported.

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Lee, Heeseok, Yong Shi, and Justin Stolen. "Allocating data files over a wide area network: Goal setting and compromise design." Information & Management 26, no. 2 (February 1994): 85–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-7206(94)90056-6.

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Wang, Ruliang, and Benbo Zha. "A Research on the Optimal Design of BP Neural Network Based on Improved GEP." International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence 33, no. 03 (February 19, 2019): 1959007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218001419590079.

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Due to the functionality of dynamic mapping for nonlinear complex data, BP neural network (BP-NN) as a typical neural network has increasingly been applied to a variety of applications. Although it has been successfully applied, its prominent shortcoming, such as the local optimum problem and the setting problem for the initial parameter of neural network, have not been completely eliminated. In this paper, an optimization algorithm for the architecture, weights and thresholds of neural networks using an improved gene expression programming (IGEP) was presented. The algorithm effectively combines the global search ability of GEP and the local search ability of BP-NN. To obtain a better efficiency, the basic GEP was improved by the dynamic adjustment of the fitness function, genetic operators and the number of evolutionary generations. The experimental results show that the IGEP-BP algorithm is an effective method for evolving neural network.

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Ferreira, Graciela, Sergio Nesmachnow, and Franco Robledo. "A formulation for a hop constrained survivable network design problem." Yugoslav Journal of Operations Research 27, no. 4 (2017): 427–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/yjor160512004f.

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This article presents an integer linear model for the hop constrained node survivable network design problem. The formulation is focused on networks represented by undirected graphs with not rooted demands, considering costs in arcs and in optional (Steiner) nodes, too. The proposed model allows setting different values of parameters for constraints between each pair of terminal nodes, including hop length and number of node disjoint paths constraints. This work includes calculating lower and upper bounds to the optimal solution. Since this kind of problems are NPhard, it is useful to combine the presented formulation with heuristic methods in order to solve effectively large problem instances. The model was tested over the graphs with up to 85 nodes and 148 arcs, in order to validate it in cases with known solution.

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Meacham, James E., and Stuart Allan. "State Atlas Design." Cartographic Perspectives, no. 44 (March 1, 2003): 42–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.14714/cp44.514.

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This paper covers principles that were useful, and many times essential, in the design and production of the Atlas of Oregon, Second Edition (Loy et al., 2001). Design principles and experience guided the creative process from drafting the table of contents to building the final layouts. Key points covered in this paper include: the development of a table of contents; setting up a network of topic experts; data source/compilation and organizational issues; page layout issues; book design issues; choosing type; data classing and quantitative mapping methods; color schemes; prepress issues; and public reaction.

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Tyokighir, Silas Soo, Joseph M. Mom, Kingsley Eghonghon Ukhurebor, and Gabriel A. Igwue. "Design and planning of a 5G fixed wireless network." Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics 12, no. 3 (June 1, 2023): 1523–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/eei.v12i3.4901.

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This research explains how to design and plan fixed wireless access connections in an urban setting using 5th generation (5G) technology in a multi-user urban scenario. Although the antennas used had a high gain, the 28 GHz carrier frequency proved incompatible with the connections due to path loss. The additional loss due to foliage led to a drop in the receiver sensitivity to -84 dBm. The loss due to weather conditions resulted in lower received signal strength. The lower frequency of 3.5 GHz performed better and is recommended to establish successful communication over multi-kilometer distances. As a result, this study demonstrates how vulnerable high 5G carrier frequencies are to typical path loss impairments.

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Wang, Shu Qian, Wei Zhang, Zhang Wei Zhu, Cheng Quan Hu, and Li Li He. "Design of Application Platform for Wireless Sensor Networks." Advanced Engineering Forum 6-7 (September 2012): 859–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/aef.6-7.859.

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One of the bottlenecks that slow down the development the wireless sensor networks application is that people have to design different programs according to the different applications. A wireless sensor network application platform is presented which can be used to rapidly deploy an application by setting simple configuration parameters. The platform consists of two modules: Base station Module and Server Module. Base Station Module receives data from the coordinator by RS232 port，and sends them to the server through socket protocol. It also receives commands and parameters from server and delivers them to the coordinator. The platform also provides human-computer interactive function for users in the Browser/Server structure.

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Zhou, Yin. "Virtual machine optimization setting of ship public computer platform." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2352, no. 1 (October 1, 2022): 012003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2352/1/012003.

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Ship public computer platform is a shared platform built for ship users by using public hardware resources and equipment. Users of public computer platform can directly call the hardware resources of public computer platform through network, virtual machine and other media to create their own virtual computing environment. With the development of computer technology and virtualization technology, ship public computing platform technology has also received extensive attention in the industry. Firstly, this paper introduces the key points of cloud computing technology. Based on cloud platform computing, this paper introduces the virtual machine design, database redundancy design, CPU and network optimization setting of ship public computer platform in detail. Finally, the virtual machine construction of ship public computer platform is realized based on VMware software platform, which has very important application significance.

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Shih, Mao-Chang, Hani S. Mahmassani, and M. Hadi Baaj. "Planning and Design Model for Transit Route Networks with Coordinated Operations." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1623, no. 1 (January 1998): 16–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1623-03.

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A heuristic model is presented for the design of bus transit networks with coordinated operations. Different from past solution methodologies focusing on conventional uncoordinated transit systems, this model addresses the design of transit networks with coordinated operations, using a transit center concept and incorporating a trip assignment model explicitly developed for coordinated (timed-transfer) systems. In addition, this model determines the appropriate vehicle size for each bus route and incorporates demand-responsive capabilities to meet demand that cannot be served effectely by fixed-route, fixed-schedule services. This model is composed of four major procedures: ( a) a route generation procedure (RGP), which constructs the transit network around the transit center concept; ( b) a network analysis procedure, which incorporates a trip assignment model (for both coordinated and uncoordinated operations) and a frequency-setting and vehicle-sizing procedure; ( c) a transit center selection procedure, which identifies the suitable transit centers for route coordination; and ( d) a network improvement procedure, which improves on the set of routes generated by the RGP. The model is demonstrated via a case-study application to data generated from the existing transit system in Austin, Texas.

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Xiaoliang, Zhang, and Jia Limin. "Discussion on Optimization of Public Transportation Network Setting considering Three-State Reliability." Journal of Advanced Transportation 2021 (July 24, 2021): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6940263.

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In order to be environment-friendly, relieve traffic congestion, reduce pollution, and be green and sustainable, the optimization and development of public transportation, as the subject of people's long-term research, has always been shining. With the emergence of shared transportation, public transportation systems face more challenges. In order to better connect with bike-sharing, car-sharing, and other modes of transportation, public transportation will carry out important reforms, among which the optimization of line network is one of the most important tasks. The traditional bus route design is mainly based on the “four-stage” method model, which is mainly based on the investigation and analysis of the existing traffic system and land use. Through the work flow of “evaluation, calibration, and verification,” the network balance optimization model is used to get the bus travel allocation prediction model. In this paper, the optimization problem of public transit network is studied from the point of view of the reliability of public transit network. It is proposed that public transit network can be abstracted into series-parallel system and parallel-series system model from the three states of normal, short-circuit failure, and open-circuit failure and is analyzed and discussed through the hypothesis experiment. The research of this paper will provide a new perspective for the optimization of public transit network, complement the traditional methods, and support the optimization and reliability improvement of urban public transit network. More reliable bus networks and other modes of transportation, such as walking, bike-sharing, and rail, will become more suitable for people to get around.

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Madineni, Mukesh Chowdary, Mario Vega, and Xiaokun Yang. "Parameterizable Design on Convolutional Neural Networks Using Chisel Hardware Construction Language." Micromachines 14, no. 3 (February 24, 2023): 531. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi14030531.

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This paper presents a parameterizable design generator on convolutional neural networks (CNNs) using the Chisel hardware construction language (HCL). By parameterizing structural designs such as the streaming width, pooling layer type, and floating point precision, multiple register–transfer level (RTL) implementations can be created to meet various accuracy and hardware cost requirements. The evaluation is based on generated RTL designs including 16-bit, 32-bit, 64-bit, and 128-bit implementations on field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs). The experimental results show that the 32-bit design achieves optimal hardware performance when setting the same weights for estimating the quality of the results, FPGA slice count, and power dissipation. Although the focus is on CNNs, the approach can be extended to other neural network models for efficient RTL design.

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Boros, Smaranda, and Lore Van Gorp. "Networks in professional groups: a matter of connection or self-exile?" Team Performance Management: An International Journal 23, no. 7/8 (October 10, 2017): 318–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/tpm-10-2016-0044.

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Purpose Integrating predictions of social exchange theory and implicit social cognition, this paper aims to investigate mechanisms of co-evolution between professional and personal support networks in a professional, non-hierarchical setting. Design/methodology/approach The study covers simultaneously people’s behaviours and their subjective interpretations of them in a cross-lagged network design in a group of 65 MBA students. Findings Results show that people build on their professional support network to develop personal support relations. People who have a high status in the professional support network appear to be afraid to lose them by asking too many others for personal support and people with a low status in the professional support network seem also be reluctant to ask many others for personal support. Practical implications Although personal support is a key social mechanism facilitating individual well-being and organizational success, support in the workplace often remains limited to professional topics. This research shows why people hesitate to expand their networks in professional settings and to what extent their fears have a basis in reality. Originality/value It goes beyond predictions of social exchange theory which inform most network evolution studies and tap into implicit social cognition predictions to expand the explanatory power of the hypotheses. The study’s network analysis takes into account both behaviours and social perceptions. The sample is a non-hierarchical professional group which allows a more ecological observation of how hierarchies are born in social groups.

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Khalifeh, Ala’, Khalid A. Darabkh, Ahmad M. Khasawneh, Issa Alqaisieh, Mohammad Salameh, Ahmed AlAbdala, Shams Alrubaye, et al. "Wireless Sensor Networks for Smart Cities: Network Design, Implementation and Performance Evaluation." Electronics 10, no. 2 (January 19, 2021): 218. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10020218.

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The advent of various wireless technologies has paved the way for the realization of new infrastructures and applications for smart cities. Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are one of the most important among these technologies. WSNs are widely used in various applications in our daily lives. Due to their cost effectiveness and rapid deployment, WSNs can be used for securing smart cities by providing remote monitoring and sensing for many critical scenarios including hostile environments, battlefields, or areas subject to natural disasters such as earthquakes, volcano eruptions, and floods or to large-scale accidents such as nuclear plants explosions or chemical plumes. The purpose of this paper is to propose a new framework where WSNs are adopted for remote sensing and monitoring in smart city applications. We propose using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles to act as a data mule to offload the sensor nodes and transfer the monitoring data securely to the remote control center for further analysis and decision making. Furthermore, the paper provides insight about implementation challenges in the realization of the proposed framework. In addition, the paper provides an experimental evaluation of the proposed design in outdoor environments, in the presence of different types of obstacles, common to typical outdoor fields. The experimental evaluation revealed several inconsistencies between the performance metrics advertised in the hardware-specific data-sheets. In particular, we found mismatches between the advertised coverage distance and signal strength with our experimental measurements. Therefore, it is crucial that network designers and developers conduct field tests and device performance assessment before designing and implementing the WSN for application in a real field setting.

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Wang, Xiao, Ru Jian Ma, and En Ping Zhang. "Design and Tests of Wireless Network for Heat Metering System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 182-183 (June 2012): 614–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.182-183.614.

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A wireless self-organizing network for heat metering system is designed based on ZigBee in this paper. XBee-Pro module is used for terminal nodes. Such nodes set up wireless mesh network, collecting heating meter data on one hand and realizing remote transmission of data though setting up mesh network with Router and Coordinator. The test is showing that wireless network system based on XBee-Pro module is convenient to use, reliable to transmit data and applies to collect spot discrete data and wireless transmission and meet requirement of heating meter remote transmission, realizing informatization and automation of controlling and monitoring of heating meter system.

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Dybskaya, V. V., and P. A. Sverchkov. "Designing a Rational Distribution Network for Trading Companies." Transport and Telecommunication Journal 18, no. 3 (September 26, 2017): 181–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ttj-2017-0016.

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Abstract This article considers the modern methods and approaches to design the company’s distribution network. The authors point out the relevance of this problem for the modern trading and manufacturing companies, give examples of the strategic goal setting of the company in the logistics network reorganization, and the benchmarks of possible economic effects of its conduction. The work reviews the scientific articles of contemporary American, European and Russian authors devoted to the approaches, concerning the implementation of projects for designing a distribution network, methods and models for its optimization. The article concludes that there is no single “language” and an approach to design the logistics networks, with a proper level of detail that takes into account the strategic features and industry specificity of the certain company. The authors propose an algorithm for designing a rational distribution network.

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Kim, Myeonghyeon, Seung-Young Kho, and Dong-Kyu Kim. "A Transit Route Network Design Problem Considering Equity." Sustainability 11, no. 13 (June 27, 2019): 3527. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11133527.

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As concerns about environmental quality, social equity, and economic efficiency are increasing, efforts on improving the sustainability of public transportation are being made all over the world. This study aims to propose a transit route network design problem that considers modal and spatial equities. The equities are accommodated by using two indexes that can simultaneously reflect mobility and accessibility. A decision-making process for designing a transit route network consists of the selection of the target line, selection of the target node, the determination of an alternative line, and the implementation of a procedure for setting frequency. The model is configured through bi-level modeling based on an iterative process to calculate the modal split and the traffic and transit assignments with changes in the transit route network. While the frequency of each line is determined by a genetic algorithm in the upper model, the modal split and traffic and transit assignments are implemented in the lower model. This transit route network design model and the associated algorithms are applied to a sample network. As a result, an improved solution with equity and the lower total cost is identified based on a comparison with the existing transit route network.

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Dai, Jian Mei, Hua Fang Geng, Yi Jun Sheng, and Zhi Guang Dai. "The Design of PMP-AODV Routing Protocol in Wireless Mesh Network." Applied Mechanics and Materials 519-520 (February 2014): 177–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.519-520.177.

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PMP-AODV routing protocol which introduces priority setting, multi-point relay and path stability is proposed. The algorithm message format is discussed, the MPR selection algorithm is elaborated, the measurement of stability of path is designed, and the working flow of PMP-AODV is analyzed. The simulation result shows that the PMP-AODV protocol is less packet loss rate and lower end-to-end delay than original AODV protocol under the large wireless Mesh network.

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López-Ramos, Francisco, Esteve Codina, Ángel Marín, and Armando Guarnaschelli. "Integrated approach to network design and frequency setting problem in railway rapid transit systems." Computers & Operations Research 80 (April 2017): 128–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cor.2016.12.006.

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Liu, Zheng Gang, Hong Wei Ding, Jia Guo, Xiao Hui Ma, and Jia Long Xiong. "FPGA-Based Dual-Polling Control System Design in WSN." Applied Mechanics and Materials 665 (October 2014): 733–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.665.733.

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With the rapid development of WSN and the increasing of data speed, optimize of access technology becomes more and more realistic. This paper based on dual-polling protocol solves the QoS in WSN. On the basis of "Priority-based Polling Scheme for Traffic Differentiation", this paper conducted a dual-polling system based on FPGA design. By using the different network transmission priority setting, complete the optimization of network scheduling strategy. The control system has the advantages of high reliability, low delay, strong scalability, and high transmission efficiency.

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Kwon, Joonyub, and Sunhee Kim. "Design of a Low-area Digit Recognition Accelerator Using MNIST Database." JOIV : International Journal on Informatics Visualization 6, no. 1 (March 26, 2022): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.30630/joiv.6.1.855.

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Deep neural networks, which is a field of artificial intelligence, have been used in various fields. Deep learning is processed on high-performance GPUs or TPUs. It requires high cost as much as its good performance. Recently, as the demand for edge computing increases, many studies have been conducted to perform complex deep learning operations in a low-computing processor. Among them, a typical study is to lighten the deep learning network. In this paper, we propose a handwritten digit recognition hardware accelerator suitable for edge computing using MNIST database. After setting the correction rate for MNIST to 94% and performing network lighting processes, a hardware structure that can reduce the area of hardware and minimize memory access is proposed. Basically, the network is set as a two-layer fully connected network. The network is modeled with Python and lighten while checking the performance. Network parameters, weighs and biases, are quantized. The pixel number and bit number of MNIST input data are also reduced. The number of MAC units and the processing order of the hardware accelerator are determined so that there is no not used MACs while performing the MAC operations in parallel. It is designed with Verilog HDL and its functions are checked in Modelsim. And then it is implemented in Xilinx Zynq ZC-702 to verify the operations. The designed number recognition accelerator is expected to be widely used in edge devices by reducing the area and memory access.

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Li, Y., R. L. Mahajan, and N. Nikmanesh. "Fine Pitch Stencil Printing Process Modeling and Optimization." Journal of Electronic Packaging 118, no. 1 (March 1, 1996): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2792121.

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In this paper, we present a statistical-neural network modeling approach to process optimization of fine pitch stencil printing for solder paste deposition on pads of printed circuit boards (PCB). The overall objective was to determine the optimum settings of the design parameters that would result in minimum solder paste height variation for the new board designs with 20-mil, 25-mil, and 50-mil pitch pad patterns. As a first step, a Taguchi orthogonal array, L27, was designed to capture the main effects of the six important printing machinery parameters and the PCBs pad conditions. Some of their interactions were also included. Fifty-four experimental runs (two per setting) were conducted. These data were then used to construct neural network models relating the desired quality characteristics to the input design parameters. Our modular approach was used to select the appropriate architecture for these models. These models in conjunction with the gradient descent algorithm enabled us to determine the optimum settings for minimum solder paste height variation. Confirming experiments on the production line validated the optimum settings predicted by the model. In addition to the combination of all the three pad patterns, i.e., 20, 25, and 50 mil pitch pads, we also built neural network models for individual and dual combinations of the three pad patterns. The simulations indicate different optimum settings for different pad pattern combinations.

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Ma, Ziyi, and Joseph Y. J. Chow. "Transit Network Frequency Setting With Multi-Agent Simulation to Capture Activity-Based Mode Substitution." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2676, no. 4 (November 17, 2021): 41–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/03611981211056909.

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We propose a bilevel transit network frequency setting problem in which the upper level consists of analytical route cost functions and the lower level is an activity-based market equilibrium derived using MATSim-NYC. The use of MATSim in the lower-level problem incorporates sensitivity of the design process to competition from other modes, including ride-hail, and can support large-scale optimization. The proposed method is applied to the existing Brooklyn bus network, which includes 78 bus routes, 650,000 passengers per day, 550 route-km, and 4,696 bus stops. MATSim-NYC modeling of the existing bus network has a ridership-weighted average error per route of 21%. The proposed algorithm is applied to a benchmark network and confirms their predicted 20% growth in ridership using their benchmark design. Applying our proposed algorithm to their network with 78 routes and 24 periods, we have a problem with 3,744 decision variables. The algorithm converged within 10 iterations to a delta of 0.064%. Compared with the existing scenario, we increased ridership by 20% and reduced operating cost by 25%. We improved the farebox recovery ratio from the existing 0.22 to 0.35, 0.06 more than the benchmark design. Analysis of mode substitution effects suggest that 2.5% of trips would be drawn from ride-hail while 74% would come from driving.

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Guo, Zhiqiang, Xiaodong Dong, Sheng Chen, Xiaobo Zhou, and Keqiu Li. "EasyLB: Adaptive Load Balancing Based on Flowlet Switching for Wireless Sensor Networks." Sensors 18, no. 9 (September 12, 2018): 3060. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s18093060.

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Load balancing is effective in reducing network congestion and improving network throughput in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Due to the fluctuation of wireless channels, traditional schemes achieving load balancing in WSNs need to maintain global or local congestion information, which turn out to be complicated to implement. In this paper, we design a flowlet switching based load balancing scheme, called EasyLB, by extending OpenFlow protocol. Flowlet switching is efficient to achieve adaptive load balancing in WSNs. Nevertheless, one tricky problem lies in determining the flowlet timeout value, δ . Setting it too small would risk reordering issue, while setting it too large would reduce flowlet opportunities. By formulating the timeout setting problem with a stationary distribution of Markov chain, we give a theoretical reference for setting an appropriate timeout value in flowlet switching based load balancing scheme. Moreover, non-equal probability path selection and multiple parallel load balancing paths are considered in timeout setting problem. Experimental results show that, by setting timeout value following the preceding theoretical reference, EasyLB is adaptive to wireless channel condition change and achieves fast convergence of load balancing after link failures.

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Zhao, Zhuomao, Yujie Yang, Xue Long, and Hongwei Cui. "Design of transceiver based on functional programming." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2093, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012036. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2093/1/012036.

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Abstract This paper discusses the setting of transceiver based on functional programming, and decouples the differences between communication protocol and network transmission protocol from the specific business implementation. In the actual application, the service implementation is set up. When the communication protocol changes, the function can be realized only by modifying the communication protocol, which improves the readability of the program and reduces its maintenance overhead

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Fehrer, Julia A., Herbert Woratschek, Claas Christian Germelmann, and Roderick J. Brodie. "Dynamics and drivers of customer engagement: within the dyad and beyond." Journal of Service Management 29, no. 3 (May 4, 2018): 443–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/josm-08-2016-0236.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to extend existing engagement research in two directions: first, it operationalizes the dynamic nature of the engagement process within a customer-brand dyad and, second, it tests the interrelationships with other network actors in a triadic network setting. Design/methodology/approach A 2×2 experimental design models the iterative nature of the engagement process based on repeated measures at three points in time, considering the contextual effects of connections with other customers and crowding-in effects based on monetary incentives. Findings This research demonstrates that in a utilitarian service setting, customer engagement does not emerge per se in the dyadic interaction between the customer and the brand. For high levels of engagement behavior to occur, incentives and ties to other network actors are essential. Further, the findings suggest a non-linear relationship between engagement behavior and its antecedents and consequences: engagement behavior must overcome a certain intensity threshold to unfold its effect. Research limitations/implications Further research is needed to explore the dynamic nature of the engagement process in experiential and interactive service settings, and more complex network settings that may involve more actors and more complex relationships. Practical implications By facilitating connections between customers and compensating for low intrinsic interest, managers can facilitate actual engagement behavior even in utilitarian service contexts. Once engagement behavior has been triggered, an increased engagement disposition, higher satisfaction, higher involvement and higher loyalty follow. Originality/value This study empirically tests the dynamic nature of the engagement process within and beyond the dyad, and has revealed a non-linear pattern of customer engagement behavior within its nomological network.

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Gudzuk, V. L., S. V. Kosyakov, and V. V. Sennikov. "Method of clarification of consumer loads in district heating pipe network using data monitoring of heat energy consumption." Vestnik IGEU, no. 6 (December 28, 2022): 69–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.17588/2072-2672.2022.6.069-076.

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Currently, to set up heating networks, the programs to calculate the operating modes of networks are widely used. It requires a large number of characteristics of network objects and consumer loads, in particular. At the same time, in the real world, since it is difficult to determine design loads, they are often considered with large errors, and models are unsuitable for setting operating modes. Thus, an urgent task is to clarify the loads of consumers based on an audit of the existing network operation mode. The paper uses methods to calculate the load characteristics of buildings, methods to collect and monitor data of heat energy supply metering units and data to monitor the operating modes of the heat supply system of IGEU boiler house. A method to audit and clarify loads according to monitoring data of the heating system operation modes is proposed, which allows to improve the quality of network configuration. The obtained results have confirmed the possibility to clarify the loads of consumers under the conditions of an unregulated network based on the analysis of the readings of metering devices installed at consumers. The developed method can be used to solve the problems of setting up heating networks of district boiler houses.

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Jia, Guohui, and Jie Zhou. "Effectiveness Evaluation Method of Application of Mobile Communication System Based on Factor Analysis." Sensors 21, no. 16 (August 10, 2021): 5414. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21165414.

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The application mode of army mobile communication networks is closely related to combat mission and application environment. Different combat missions and application environments result in different network structures and different service priorities, which requires a semi-automatic system to support the network scheme design. Therefore, evaluating the efficiency of network schemes generated by automatic planning is a problem that needs to be urgently addressed. In the past, researchers have proposed a variety of methods to evaluate the effectiveness of mobile communication systems, most of which are based on simulation methods and ignore the historical data of network usage. This paper studies an effectiveness evaluation method of mobile communication network design schemes and proposes a design scheme for the evaluation and optimization of network plans. Furthermore, the improved method of effectiveness evaluation based on factor analysis is discussed in detail. The method not only effectively uses historical data but also reduces the amount of data collection and calculation. In order to adapt to the preference requirements of different task scenarios, a decision preference setting method based on cluster analysis is proposed, which can render the output optimization result more reasonable and feasible.

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Hou, Xin, Yu Jing Kong, and Er Tian Hua. "The Design of Transmission Line Monitoring System Based on Wireless Sensor Network." Advanced Materials Research 490-495 (March 2012): 1465–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.490-495.1465.

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With the rapid development of the power system, the real-time monitoring of the transmission line state becomes more and more important. Due to the feature of wireless sensor network, a new scheme of monitoring system for transmission line state is proposed. The modular design method is used to choose appropriate modules for setting up the monitoring system, which realizes the real-time temperature, humidity, light, atmospheric pressure on the transmission line. The reliability and practicability is proved by the experiments.

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Majeed, Ishrat, and Er Jasdeep Singh. "Design and Performance Analysis of Underwater Acoustic Sensor Networks." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 3 (March 31, 2022): 294–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.40599.

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Abstract: The underwater acoustic sensor network (UASN) is essential for exploration missions and observation in demanding environments. The UASN'S connection route is acoustic waves, which limits its usefulness in comparison to ground sensor networks. This is the case because to its limited capacity, latency, and significant route loss. This article provides comprehensive research of the characteristics of UASN. We explore the functionality of underwater acoustic ad-hoc networks in the presence of disruptions. RF signals are used as a communication mechanism in wireless sensor networks, both terrestrial and aerial. However, in a sub-sea setting, such as deep-sea research, detecting and transmitting data needs a completely different method to underwater communication. The fact that the seas cover 70% of the earth's surface and contain massive amounts of unexplored riches cannot be ignored. The aquatic environment has largely escaped the effects of recent breakthroughs in wireless sensor networks (WSNS) and their broad application in latest studies and economic progress. Research on underwater acoustic sensor networks (UASNS) is developing at a snail's pace due to the difficulties in transferring most of the state-of-the-art of land and air based WSNS to its aquatic equivalent. The bulk of underwater activities rely on acoustic communication and specialized sensors that can endure the harsh environment of the oceans. The purpose of this study is to investigate how UASN works in different situations. End-to-end latency and energy consumption are examined in response to a variety of factors. We also investigate how well underwater acoustic ad-hoc networks perform when nodes are dispersed, and the network is large. Keywords: Under water Acoustics, Sensor, Wireless Sensor Networks, Energy Consumptions.

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Ding, Fang, and Dong Jian Huang. "The ACA-BP Algorithm Based Controller of PID Neural Network and its Simulation." Applied Mechanics and Materials 239-240 (December 2012): 1377–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.239-240.1377.

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Aiming at the shortages of traditional PID controller, and problems of hardly setting the controller parameters, and the setting time is long, this paragraph gives a design of ACA-BP arithmetic based controller of PID Neural Network. First, uses the Ant Colony algorithm to thickly select the PID neuron network weight parameter. Then adjust parameters online by PID Neural Network and BP algorithm. Finally, we can obtain optimal parameters. The simulation result shows, compared with traditional PID controller, this controller has greatly improved its control performances. This would have some theoretical and practical significance.

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Arbex, Renato Oliveira, and Claudio Barbieri da Cunha. "Efficient transit network design and frequencies setting multi-objective optimization by alternating objective genetic algorithm." Transportation Research Part B: Methodological 81 (November 2015): 355–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trb.2015.06.014.

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Duran-Micco, Javier, Evert Vermeir, and Pieter Vansteenwegen. "Considering emissions in the transit network design and frequency setting problem with a heterogeneous fleet." European Journal of Operational Research 282, no. 2 (April 2020): 580–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor.2019.09.050.

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Capali, Buket, and Halim Ceylan. "A multi-objective meta-heuristic approach for the transit network design and frequency setting problem." Transportation Planning and Technology 43, no. 8 (October 14, 2020): 851–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03081060.2020.1829093.

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Li, Tongfei, Yaning Cao, Min Xu, and Huijun Sun. "Optimal intersection design and signal setting in a transportation network with mixed HVs and CAVs." Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review 175 (July 2023): 103173. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tre.2023.103173.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Network Design Setting'

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