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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Netherlands – Foreign economic relations – Europe'

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Published: 10 March 2023

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1

Tian, Han Bo. "The conflict between bilateralism and multilateralism in complicated EU-China relations." Thesis, University of Macau, 2010. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b2555573.

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2

Di, Mauro Francesca A. "Essays on foreign direct investment and economic integration: a gravity approach." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211356.

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3

Al-Imam, Jamal D. "U.S. Foreign Policy and the Soviet Gas Pipeline to Western Europe." Thesis, North Texas State University, 1985. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc663015/.

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This paper surveys U.S. foreign policy in the late 1970s and early 1980s as the American administration reacted to the Soviet Union's interventions in Afghanistan and Poland and to its planned gas pipeline to Western Europe. Chapter I outlines the origins of the pipeline project; Chapters II and III describe U.S. foreign policy toward the Soviets during the Carter and Reagan administrations. Chapter IV focuses on the economic sanctions imposed against the Soviet Union by the United States and their failure to block or delay the pipeline, and Chapter V stresses the inability of economic sanctions-- in this and other instances--to achieve political ends.
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4

Rasmussen, Ashley Marie. "In or Out: Interpretation of European Union Membership Criteria and its Effect on the EU Accession Process for Candidate and Potential Member States of Southeastern Europe." PDXScholar, 2011. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/127.

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Since 1973, the European Union has been expanding its borders from its six founding members - West Germany, France, Italy, the Netherlands, Luxembourg, and Belgium, to include all of Western Europe and parts of Scandinavia by 1995. However, with the fall of the Soviet Union in 1990, the EU made a difficult but beneficial choice of paving the road for the Eastern and Central European (ECE) to become EU members. However, there was a need for the EU to determine the goals and guidelines that would format the transition of these former communist states into productive members of the EU. This paper will analyze the evolution of these guidelines - formally outlined by the Copenhagen Criteria - that set the precedent for these states to become members. The main issue of this paper will take these criteria a few steps forward, comparing states that were given membership based on the criteria and those who have been established by the EU as at least "potential EU members" but have not been deemed as satisfying these criteria enough to become candidates or full members. Both qualitatively and quantitatively, the comparisions of the 2004 and 2007 new EU members and other states of the Western Balkans and Turkey will be conducted to determine if the political and economic guidelines established by Copenhagen are the only guidelines being met, or if areas such as cultural values and "Europeanness" are also contributing to membership levels.
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Wang, Jia. "Research on EU regional policy : its selective mechanisms, effects and role for EU integration, with reflections on its possible meaning for China." Thesis, University of Macau, 2011. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b2555597.

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6

Tong, Wei. "Poland's influence in the European Union, a perspective of the Eastern partnership." Thesis, University of Macau, 2011. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b2555598.

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7

Horovitz, Dan D. "Regulation of competition under the rules of the free trade area agreements concluded by the European Economic Community." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/213301.

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Trejbal, Václav. "Vztahy Ruska se zeměmi V4: Komparativní studie." Doctoral thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-264274.

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The aim of the dissertation thesis is to compare the political relations of the Russian Federation and four Visegrad countries and to identify various aspects which contribute most to the differences in the form, content and closeness of the relations. The core of the thesis is a comparative case study focused on the comparison of context of individual bilateral relations. These will be viewed as a clash of two foreign policies. Neoclassical realism will serve as the theoretical background for the analysis of Russian and Visegrad countries´ foreign policies. The methodological apparatus of international political economy will be used as well.
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9

Tan, Bo. "Impact of EU enlargement on EU-China trade." Thesis, University of Macau, 2012. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b2554733.

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10

de, Somer Gregory John Humanities &amp Social Sciences Australian Defence Force Academy UNSW. "The Redefinition of Asia : Australian Foreign Policy and Contemporary Asian Regionalism." Awarded by:University of New South Wales - Australian Defence Force Academy. School of Humanities and Social Sciences, 2003. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/38666.

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This thesis set out to ascertain the position of recent Australian Governments on the latest instalments of Asian regionalism in the context of an assessment of whether there has been a redefinition of Asia and thus a redefinition of Australia???s engagement with Asia. It will concentrate on the broad themes of politico-strategic and economic engagement. Whilst there has been extensive research and documentation on the Asian economic crisis there has been less work on the issue of a new Asian regionalism and the implications for Australia???s complex and variable engagement with the region. This is the basis for the claim to originality of this thesis, a claim supported by its focus on the practical and policy implications of Australia???s engagement, or lack of it, with regional institutions. The process of regional integration has been extremely slow, thus supporting the conclusion that there is no evidence of a major redefinition of Asia. Efforts at Asian regionalism are meeting obstacles that pose immense challenges. Asian regionalism remains nascent and poorly defined. This reflects the diversity and enormous disparities in cultures, political systems and the levels of economic development and differences over economic philosophies within East Asia. What is discernible is that the regionalism is proceeding more rapidly on financial issues than on trade, and in the security area it is conspicuously absent. This research highlights the fact that the question of Asian engagement remains a sensitive issue in Australia and continues to grow more complex. Australia???s engagement with Asia since 1996 has been variable because of the Howard Government???s broader balance of priorities between global and regional issues, and because of the changing nature of the Asian region. The perception gleaned from sources is that, for the Australian Government, regionalism initiatives are characterised by much discussion but lack substance. Consequently, this appears to have led the Government to the position that exclusion from some manifestations of regionalism is not so important. Australia is excluded from some of the regional architectures being constructed. In its efforts to seek inclusion in ASEAN + 3 and ASEM, Australia is facing the same barriers that have stood in the way of an AFTA-CER agreement. Exclusion would be important if the performance of regional groupings was not so indifferent. Exclusion from ASEAN + 3 and ASEM, however, does not equate to Australia???s exclusion from the region.
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11

Nichter, Luke A. "Richard Nixon and Europe confrontation and cooperation, 1969-1974 /." Bowling Green, Ohio : Bowling Green State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=bgsu1213987283.

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12

Tollardo, Elisabetta. "Italy and the League of Nations : nationalism and internationalism, 1922-1935." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:1be4159c-7a45-4e8a-ae05-3d6b296f3429.

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This thesis investigates the relationship between Fascist Italy and the League of Nations (LoN) during the interwar period, with a particular focus on the years from 1922 to 1935. This relationship was contradictory, shifting from moments of active collaboration to moments of open disagreement. The existing historiography on the Italian membership of the League has not reflected this oscillation in policy, focusing disproportionally on the crises Italy caused at the League. However, Fascist Italy remained in the League for more than 15 years, ranking as the third-largest power, and was fully engaged in the institution's work. This dissertation investigates the dynamics that developed between Fascist Italy and the LoN through a systematic study of the Italians involved. In so doing, it contributes to the historiography of the LoN and of the Italian foreign policy in the interwar period. The thesis argues that there was more to the Italian membership of the LoN than the Ethiopian crisis. It reveals the extent of the Italian presence and activity in the institution from the beginning, and demonstrates that the organization was more important to the Italian government than previously recognized. Membership of the League was essential to guarantee Italy international legitimation and recognition. Through an active appropriation of internationalism, the Italian government hoped to obtain practical benefits in the colonial sphere. The thesis uncovers the depth and variety of interactions between nationalism and internationalism in the case of Italy and the League, establishing that they did not oppose each other but rather interacted. This dissertation illustrates the complexity of being an Italian working in the League, as well as the grey areas between nationalism and internationalism evident within individual experiences. Finally, it shows the continuity of actors and expertise in Italy's international cooperation between the interwar and the post-1945 period.
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Smrčinová, Tereza. "Tradice a současnost česko-nizozemských vztahů." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-113564.

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The master thesis analyzes a development of Czech-Dutch relations from the first contacts in the Middle Ages till the present. The thesis is divided into chapters chronologically but the emphasis is placed on the 20th century also because of the number of sources. Bilateral relations of these two actors of the international relations are examined on the political, economic and cultural level. The master thesis is based first of all on the archival sources of the Ministry of Foreign Affaires of the Czech Republic and it is the first overview which is given on the mutual Czech-Dutch relations according to the three above mentioned levels.
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14

Malek, Mansour Jeoffrey H. G. "Three essays in international economics." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210878.

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This thesis consists in a collection of research works dealing with various aspects of International Economics. More precisely, we focus on three main themes: (i) the existence of a world business cycle and the implications thereof, (ii) the likelihood of asymmetric shocks in the Euro Zone resulting from fluctuations in the euro exchange rate because of differences in sector specialization patterns and some consequences of such shocks, and (iii) the relationship between trade openness and growth influence of the sector specialization structure on that relationship.

Regarding the approach pursued to tackle these problems, we have chosen to strictly remain within the boundaries of empirical (macro)economics - that is, applied econometrics. Though we systematically provide theoretical models to back up our empirical approach, our only real concern is to look at the stories the data can (or cannot) tell us. As to the econometric methodology, we will restrict ourselves to the use of panel data analysis. The large spectrum of techniques available within the panel framework allows us to utilize, for each of the problems at hand, the most suitable approach (or what we think it is).
Doctorat en sciences économiques, Orientation économie
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

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15

HARRYVAN, Anjo G. "In Pursuit of Influence : aspects of the Netherlands' European policy during the formative years of the European Economic Community, 1952-1973." Doctoral thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/7002.

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Defence date: 2 April 2007
Examining Board: Prof. P. Winand (EUI) ; Prof. B. Stråth (EUI) ; Prof. A. Kersten (University of Leyden) ; Prof. W. Loth (University of Essen)
First made available online 2 August 2018
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16

VAN, DER HARST Jan. "European union and Atlantic partnership : political, military and economic aspects of Dutch defence, 1948-1954, and the impact of the European Defence Community." Doctoral thesis, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/5831.

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Defence date: 1 February 1988
Examining Board: Prof. A. S. Milward (supervisor), London School of Economics and Political Science ; Prof. R.T. Griffiths, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam ; Prof. Prof. A. Kersten, Rijksuniversiteit te Leiden ; Prof. Dr. W. Loth, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Münster ; Prof. R. Poidevin, Université de Strasbourg III
First made available online 21 March 2019
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17

Lloyd, Rachel. "Japanese foreign direct investment in Europe in a comparative perspective." Master's thesis, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/129397.

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Japanese foreign direct investment (FDI) in Europe has undergone significant change in the last decade. Between 1985 and 1990, the stock of Japanese FDI directed to Europe increased more than five times, and the annual flow of new investment grew from about $2 billion to over $14 billion. Europe's share of Japan's total FDI also increased substantially. However, with the end of the 'bubble economy', new investment in Europe fell sharply. The purpose of this thesis is to analyse the trends in Japanese FDI in Europe in the context of Japanese FDI worldwide. The thesis will analyse the reasons for and implications of these trends. In addition, attention will be given to the attitudes towards this investment and the resulting conflicts, and prospects for the future.
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18

"Gedrag van die handelsbetrekkinge tussen Suid-Afrika en die Europese Gemeenskap gedurende die tydperk van sanksieverligting, 1988 - hede." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/9587.

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M.Comm. (Economics)
The objective of this dissertation was to examine the effects of the European Union on the external trade relations of South Africa during the period of the lifting of sanctions, 1988 current. The rules for trade with third countries like South Africa, are formulated by the Council of Ministers. The Commission of the European Communities is primarily responsible for implementing the rules and regulations approved by the Council. Recent developments in the Union, such as the completion of the single market programme, had a profound effect on the Union's trade with third countries. South Africa is no longer in a position to negotiate with the individual member states of the Union, but must deal with the institutions of the European Union like the Commission, the Council and the European Court. In 1994 the member states of the European Union and the five member states of the European Free Trade Area formed the European Economic Area with a population of more than 385 million. The European Union has several preferential trade arrangements with developed and developing countries. It provides different degrees of preferences to various groups of developing countries. The depth and breadth of these preferences are not necessarily related to the level of development of the recipient country. A hierarchy of preferences can be distinguished, the so-called pyramid of preferences. The most important of these arrangements, and at the top of the hierarchy, is the agreement with the 70 African, Caribbean and Pacific countries (ACP countries), the Lome Convention. The Union abides by the most favoured nation rule of the newly formed World Trade Organisation. Its preferential trade arrangements are within the rules of the World Trade Organisation. South Africa's future arrangements with the Union will have to be formulated within the rules and regulations of the World Trade Organisation. South Africa, as a developed country, was included in the Union's generalised system of preferences (GSP) since September 1994. There are several possibilities for South Africa to negotiate a preferential trade agreement with the Union. It is possible for South Africa to obtain qualified membership of the Lome Convention. The ACP countries have agreed to South Africa's qualified membership of the Convention at the Joint Assembly between the ACP countries and the Union in Gabon in 1994. At this stage it is not clear what South Africa's qualified membership of the Convention will entail. It is expected that South Africa will be excluded from the trade preferences under the Lome Convention. If this is the case, South Africa can negotiate a bilateral agreement to include those aspects that are excluded from its qualified membership of Lome. Almost 77 per cent of South Africa's exports in 1992 entered the Union duty free. In 1993 nearly 80 per cent of South Africa's imports came from the northern member states of the Union, Germany, the United Kingdom, Belgium, Denmark, the Netherlands, Ireland and Luxembourg, while only 20 ver cent came from the southern member states, France, Italy, Spain, Portugal and Greece.
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GUIRAO, Fernando. "Spain and European economic cooperation,1945-1955 : a case study in Spanish foreign economic policy." Doctoral thesis, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/5825.

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Defence date: 15 March 1993
Examining board: Prof. Richard T. Griffiths (supervisor, European University Institute) ; Prof. Albert Carreras (European University Institute) ; Prof. Juan Pablo Fusi (Universidad Complutense, Madrid) ; Prof. Pierre Gerbet (Insitut d'Etudes Politiques, Paris) ; Alan S. Milward (London School of Economics)
First made available online: 7 June 2016
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STRAHILOV, Kiril. "Three essays in the economics of transition." Doctoral thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/5075.

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Examining board: Alessandro Missale (Supervisor) ; Prof. Michael Artis ; Helmut Luetkepohl ; Carlo Favero
Defence date: 10 April 2006
PDF of thesis uploaded from the Library digitised archive of EUI PhD theses completed between 2013 and 2017
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BOURKE, Thomas. "EC-Japan relations, 1985-93 : the impact of foreign direct investment on regional political integration." Doctoral thesis, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/5177.

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Defence date: 11 September 1995
Examining board: Prof. Susan Strange (LSE, Warwick and EUI, supervisor) ; Prof. Roger Morgan (European University Institute, co-supervisor) ; Ms. Noriko Hama (Chief Economist, Mitsubishi Research Institute Inc., London) ; Prof. Jonathan Story (INSEAD, Fontainebleau) ; Prof. Stephen Wilks (University of Exeter)
First made available online: 1 December 2015
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DÜR, Andreas. "Protecting Exporters: discrimination and liberalization in transatlantic trade relations, 1932-2003." Doctoral thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/5258.

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Defence date: 7 July 2004
Examining board: Prof. Walter Mattli (St. John's College, Oxford) ; Prof. Gerard Schneider (University Konstanz) ; Prof. Daniel Verdier (Ohio State University, supervisor) ; Prof. Colin Crouch (EUI)
PDF of thesis uploaded from the Library digitised archive of EUI PhD theses completed between 2013 and 2017
The liberalization of transatlantic trade relations since the Great Depression is one of the key developments in the global political economy of the last hundred years. This period has seen the negotiated reduction of both tariffs and nontariff barriers among developed countries, which allowed for the rapid expansion of trade flows, a driving force of economic globalization. In Protection for Exporters, Andreas Dür provides a novel explanation for this phenomenon that stresses the role of societal interests in shaping trade politics. He argues that exporters lobby more in reaction to losses of foreign market access than in pursuit of opportunities, thus providing a rationale for periods of acceleration and slowdown in the pace of liberalization. Dür also presents hypotheses about the form in which protection for exporters is provided (preferential or nonpreferential) and the balance of concessions that is exchanged in trade negotiations. Protection for Exporters includes case studies of major developments in international trade relations, such as the passage of the Reciprocal Trade Agreements Act in the 1930s, the creation of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade in the 1940s, the Kennedy Round in the 1960s, the debate over Fortress Europe in the 1980s, and U.S.-European competition over access to emerging markets in the early 2000s. Dür's rigorous argument and systematic empirical analyses not only explain transatlantic trade relations but also allow for a better understanding of the dynamics of international economic relations.
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23

van, Rooyen Carina. "Post-Lome handelsverhoudinge tussen Suider-Afrika en Europa." Thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/587.

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As dit die doel van handel tussen die EU en Suider-Afrika is om ontwikkeling teweeg te bring, is dit eerstens nodig om te verstaan wat bedoel word met die konsep ontwikkeling en hoe dit beskryf word deur verskillende teorieë. Die aandag in hierdie studie sal slegs val op makroteorieë tot ontwikkeling, vanweë die belang daarvan vir die rol van handel in ontwikkeling. Die verskillende teorieë oor die verband tussen handel en ontwikkeling moet ook ondersoek word. Wat duidelik sal blyk, is dat handel wel ‘n rol het om te vervul in ontwikkeling, en veral armoede-uitwissing en ongelykhede bekamp, maar dat die tipe handelsverhouding bepalend is. Daar is in hoofsaak twee standpunte oor die rol van handel: dié wat vrye handel sien as ‘n bron vir ontwikkeling, en dié wat handel beskou as moontlike ‘n bron vir ontwikkeling, maar nie binne die huidige ekonomiese en politieke wêreldstruktuur nie. Die standpunte verskil dus oor die rol van vrye handel in ontwikkeling. Hierdie studie steun laasgenoemde standpunt; hierdie standpunt sal deurlopend in hierdie hoofstuk en ook breedweg in die verhandeling gemotiveer word (sien ook 2.4 hieronder). Die verskillende handelstrategieë wat gevolg kan word om ontwikkeling te bereik, sal ook bespreek word met oog op die relevansie daarvan vir die tipe handelsverhouding met die EU wat ontwikkeling in Suider-Afrika kan aanhelp.
Prof. C.J. Maritz
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24

OBADIĆ, Ivan. "In pursuit of stability : Yugoslavia and Western European economic integration, 1948–1970." Doctoral thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/47304.

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Defence date: 14 July 2017
Examining Board: Prof Federico Romero, European University Institute (Supervisor); Prof Pavel Kolář, European University Institute; Prof Josip Glaurdić, University of Luxembourg; Prof Tvrtko Jakovina, University of Zagreb
This thesis examines the origins and evolution of Yugoslav policy towards Western European integration from the early 1950s until the signing of the first Yugoslav–EEC Trade Agreement in 1970. It examines the emerging role of Western Europe in the Yugoslav foreign and internal politics within the larger context of the Cold War and development of European integration. Increased trade relations with the EEC and the domestic introduction of the 1965 Economic Reform proved vital in persuading Belgrade to become the first socialist country to establish diplomatic and trade relations with the Community in 1968. The thesis argues that these relations became of increasing relevance to the economic and, ultimately, political stability of Yugoslavia. Besides the basic foreign (trade) policy concepts towards the EEC, this study focuses on the perceptions of the Western European integration process among the political elite by addressing the following research questions: How did Yugoslav policymakers react to the Western European integration process? What impact did the success of the EEC have on Yugoslav foreign policy and internal differences among the political elite? In what way did the League of Communists of Yugoslavia rationalize their cooperation with the EEC? What did it mean for the internal coherence of the LCY and for Yugoslavia’s pronounced cooperation with the developing countries? The overarching question is how and why already in the 1960s the EEC became such an important external factor, crucial for the economic development and stability of Yugoslavia. By analysing the complex interaction between the external factors and internal dynamics of Yugoslavia and their impact on Belgrade´s policy towards the EEC, this study provides an explanation of the underlying long-term structural problems of the economy that determined the Yugoslav diplomatic and economic responses to the creation and evolution of the EEC until the breakup of the country.
Chapter ‘Conclusion' of the PhD thesis draws upon an earlier version published as an article 'A troubled relationship : Yugoslavia and the European economic community in détente' (2014) in the journal ‘European review of history’
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DARBY, James. "The political economy of Japanese manufacturing investment in France and the United Kingdom (1970-86)." Doctoral thesis, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/5162.

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Defence date: 8 October 1987
Examining board: Prof. Vincent Wright, Nuffield College ; Prof. Yves Morvan, University of Rennes ; Prof. Julien Savary, University of Toulouse ; Prof. Stephen Young, Strathclyde University
PDF of thesis uploaded from the Library digitised archive of EUI PhD theses completed between 2013 and 2017
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GEARY, Michael J. "Enlargement and the European Commission : an assessment of the British and Irish applications for membership of the European Economic Community, 1958-73." Doctoral thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/12001.

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Defence date: 20 February 2009
Examining Board: Prof. Pascaline Winand (EUI/Monash University, Supervisor); Prof. N. Piers Ludlow (London School of Economics, Co-supervisor); Prof. Kiran Klaus Patel (EUI); Prof. Jan van der Harst (University of Groningen)
PDF of thesis uploaded from the Library digital archive of EUI PhD theses
The thesis examines how the European Commission responded to the challenges posed by Britain’s and Ireland’s attempts to join the European Economic Community (EEC) between 1958 and 1972.1 The part played by the Commission in the enlargement process of the 1960s is one that has received little critical attention by scholars dealing with the history of European integration. Each chapter examines the enlargement question largely from the Commission’s perspective intertwined with British and Irish views. It therefore moves beyond the more traditional focus of scholarly research that has to date been almost exclusively based around national accounts of how the Community went from six to nine members in January 1973. This dissertation aims, in part, to fill this void in the history of the early years of the EEC.
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SHEEHY, Orla. "The Constituent and Instrumental Role of Human Rights in Development Policy: A case study of European Union (EU) relations with the group of African, Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) states." Doctoral thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/6906.

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Defence date: 16 January 2007
Supervisor: Prof. Bruno De Witte
This thesis explores the impact of international human rights law on the changing trends in international development policy and practice. The subject matter is analysed through a case study of European Union development cooperation policy and its relations with the group of African, Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) states.1 Whilst there is a burgeoning literature on this subject, known as the nexus between human rights and development?,2 the discovery of the convergence or union between human rights and development may have come of some surprise to non-jurists and to those within in the field of development. According to professionals engaged in this domain, development is usually defined and identified with economic growth, trade, capital flows and the transfer of technology.3 As Johan Galtung argues, both concepts (human rights? and development?) have evolved in distinct historical contexts, therefore, any connection or compatibility has more to do with Western history and culture than anything else.4 Furthermore, as Sano states, whilst both human rights and development were institutionalised in the global system in the post-World War II climate, both have different roots and have emerged in different contexts.5 In light of these claims, an obvious point of departure should consider what is meant by the terms development? and human rights? and briefly describe the interlinkages between these previously distinct domains. To this end, the idea of a gradual convergence of human rights and development will be introduced6 and this will be followed by a discussion of where EU development cooperation policy fits into this debate. In the remaining sections of the introductory chapter, the aims of this thesis and research questions will be outlined. A description of the methodology used, literature review and an overview of the chapters will also be presented.
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Chira-Pascanut, Constantin. "The Schuman plan: vision, power and persuasion." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/4314.

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The origins of European integration and the factors that made it possible in the post-1945 era have been examined from different perspectives and interpreted in various ways. While federalists argue that the concept of European unity had been developed over centuries by different intellectual movements, the realist approaches of Milward and Dinan stress the importance of economic, political and security motives. Referring to the factors that contributed to the implementation of the Schuman Plan, both the federalist and realist approaches highlight the chief importance of states and their representatives. Yet, the ideas that inspired Jean Monnet, who designed the Schuman Plan, have received little attention. While the state is seen in the literature as the main actor that made the outcome possible, the role of Monnet and that of some of his close associates are almost ignored. By investigating Monnet's thought, this study shows that the source of his inspiration was not the countless plans for European unity put forward by European federalist movements or the random concepts that he came across, such as the New Deal. Rather, it is argued here that he was in fact constantly exposed to a coherent and well-structured philosophy. This thinking reached him through his direct contacts and frequent encounters with Felix Frankfurter and his associates, who formed an epistemic community, as defined by Peter M. Haas. The core concepts of this thinking inherited from Louis Brandeis and developed by Frankfurter – restoring and overseeing free competition – can be identified in Monnet's 1950 plan. The evidence shows that it became a shared philosophy of Monnet's group of friends. This is a fundamental aspect since, once the Schuman Plan was made public, Monnet's friends rallied around his project and contributed not only to overcoming stalemate at critical moments of the negotiations on the future treaty, but also to convincing statesmen of the value of the project.
Graduate
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