Journal articles on the topic 'Net sellers'
To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Net sellers.
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Net sellers.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Deaton, B. J., J. P. Hoehn, and P. E. Norris. "Net Buyers, Net Sellers, and Agricultural Landowner Support for Agricultural Zoning." Land Economics 83, no. 2 (May 1, 2007): 153–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3368/le.83.2.153.
Full text
2
Alojairi, Akhtar, Ali, and Basiouni. "Assessing Canadian Business IT Capabilities for Online Selling Adoption: A Net-Enabled Business Innovation Cycle (NEBIC) Perspective." Sustainability 11, no. 13 (July 3, 2019): 3662. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11133662.
Full textAbstract:
After the authors of this study encounter a series of peculiar examples of products and services that are not normally sold online in Canada, the authors assess the psychometric properties of net-enablement capability, as an internal rather than external factor, regarding the decision to implement online selling tools as technology innovation to achieve growth. According to the literature, other authors rarely consider internal factors when they assess the relationship between technology adoption and business model innovation. The study contributes to the continuous dialogue involving the Net-Enabled Business Innovation Cycle (NEBIC) model by analyzing online sellers and offline sellers in Canadian sectors with below-average rates of online selling adoption. The findings indicate that net-enablement capability is a significant internal factor that positively affects innovation in business models for Canadian online sellers across different sectors regardless of the level of online selling adoption rate.
3
Yang, Shenbo, Zhongfu Tan, Liwei Ju, Hongyu Lin, Gejirifu De, Qingkun Tan, and Feng’ao Zhou. "An Income Distributing Optimization Model for Cooperative Operation among Different Types of Power Sellers Considering Different Scenarios." Energies 11, no. 11 (October 24, 2018): 2895. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11112895.
Full textAbstract:
To alleviate the shortcomings of large-scale grid connections for clean energy, which require stable thermoelectric units to provide backup services, a stable cooperative alliance among different energy types of power sellers must be established. Consequently, a reasonable method to distribute income is required, due to different contributions of each entity in the alliance. Therefore, this paper constructs a comprehensive correction algorithm for income distribution using an improved Shapely value method. We analyze the operating mode of the power seller, and establish the net income calculation model under both independent and alliance operations. We then establish an alliance operation optimization model that considers the constraints of unit output, as well as the balance between supply and demand, with the goal of maximizing income. Finally, an industrial park in a province of northern China is taken as an example to verify the model’s practicability and effectiveness. The results show that the power sales alliance can effectively promote clean energy consumption. The maximum reduction in thermal power generation and CO2 is 8510 MW and 684.515 tons, respectively. We apply the algorithm to income distribution and find that the thermal power seller’s income increased by ¥1,463,870, which enhances the stability of the alliance. Therefore, our income distributing optimization model guarantees the interests of each participant to the greatest extent, and serves as an important reference for income distribution.
4
Zhang, Honglei, Jinhe Zhang, Yang Yang, and Qiang Zhou. "Bargaining Power in Tourist Shopping." Journal of Travel Research 57, no. 7 (August 20, 2017): 947–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0047287517724917.
Full textAbstract:
Bargaining behavior is popular when tourists shop, with bargaining power representing the surplus sellers or buyers obtain after price negotiations. This article applies a two-tier stochastic frontier analysis to estimate sellers’ and buyers’ (i.e., tourists’) surplus terms as a measure of their respective bargaining power. Using large-scale data on shopping behavior obtained from a domestic tourist survey conducted in Nanjing, China, between 2005 and 2010, our empirical results indicate that in general, tourists exhibit stronger bargaining power than sellers. Additionally, tourists’ net surplus, as a measure of relative bargaining power, is heavily informed by their tripographic and sociodemographic characteristics, with the former being more influential. In particular, tourists traveling with companions and obtaining travel information from friends and mass media tend to have stronger-than-average bargaining power.
5
Adebowale, T. K., O. O. Oduntan, A. E. Adegbenjo, and A. S. Akinbode. "Economic Contribution of Wildlife to Bushmeat Market in Ikire, Osun State, Nigeria." Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management 25, no. 4 (October 8, 2021): 579–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jasem.v25i4.14.
Full textAbstract:
This paper assessed the economic contribution of wildlife to bushmeat market in Ikire, Osun State, Nigeria. Primary data were collected using semi-structured questionnaire and in-depth interview of targeted respondents. Bush meat sellers in Irewole local government area, Ikire were sampled. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, budgetary analysis and likert scale analysis. The result showed that majority of the bushmeat sellers were females (55.9%) with a mean age of 41 years. Most of the bushmeat sellers strongly agreed (4.91±0.09) that they generate more income from bushmeat trade, 4.71±0.17 equally noted that customers prefer to purchase bushmeat than convectional meat type while 1.56±0.19 disagreed that seasonal change affects customer’s preferences for bushmeat in the markets. Also, 5.00±0.0, 4.82±0.13, 4.74±0.17 respectively believes that bushmeat are more delicious, better source of protein, more of medicinal value when compared with conventional meat type. Furthermore, an average of 3.70±0.2 had cultural sentiments for the consumption of bush meat. An average net profit per respondent yielded ₦3,565.53, while BCR and profitability index are 1.95 and 0.95 respectively. Conclusively, bushmeat trading is a profitable and very lucrative enterprise.
6
Aksoy, M. Ataman, and Aylin Isik-Dikmelik. "Are low food prices pro-poor? Net food buyers and sellers in low-income countries." Journal of Rural Mental Health 32, no. 2 (2008): 46–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/h0095951.
Full text
7
Harmayani, Ria, Ni Made Andry Kartika, and M. Nur Aditya. "DAMPAK COVID-19 TERHADAP PENDAPATAN PENJUAL DAGING AYAM BROILER DI PASAR SILA KABUPATEN BIMA." JAS (Jurnal Agri Sains) 5, no. 2 (December 30, 2021): 124. http://dx.doi.org/10.36355/jas.v5i2.666.
Full textAbstract:
Penelitian survey bertujuan untuk mengetahui pendapatan penjual daging ayam broiler di Pasar Sila Kabupaten Bima, dilaksanakan selama dua bulan dari bulan Agustus sampai September 2020. Responden sebanyak 10 orang penjual atau semua pedagang daging ayam broiler di Pasar Sila. Analisa data dalam penelitian ini yaitu semua data hasil penelitian dianalisa deskriptif. Variabel yang diamati meliputi variabel independen yaitu biaya tetap, biaya tidak tetap, penjualan, pendapatan dan Break Even Point/BEP dan variabel dependen yaitu usia, pendidikan, tanggungan keluarga, dan pengalaman berdagang. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pendapatan penjual daging ayam broiler sesudah pandemi di Pasar Sila Kabupaten Bima masih dalam kondisi baik, sehingga dapat dikatakan bahwa usaha penjual daging ayam broiler berada pada posisi yang menguntungkan dan tidak memberikan dampak signifikan. Pendapatan bersih daging ayam broiler sebelum pandemi yaitu sebanyak Rp.7.300.000/bulan dan pendapatan bersih usaha daging ayam broiler sesudah pandemi yaitu sebanyak Rp. 8.915.000/bulan.BEP harga daging ayam broiler sebelum pandemi yaitu sebanyak Rp. 1.076.510/hari, sedangkan BEP harga daging ayam broiler sesudah pandemi yaitu sebanyak Rp. 1.387.793/hari. Diharapkan kepada pemerintah dan dinas terkait dapat melakukan sosialisasi dan pembaharuan informasi secara rutin yang berkaitan dengan penjualan ayam broiler pada saat pandemi Covid-19 serta diharapkan kepada penjual maupun pembeli di Pasar Sila untuk selalu mematuhi penerapan prokes dalam usaha meminimalisir penularan dan terbentuknya kluster baru Covid-19.ABSTRACTThe survey research aims to determine the income of broiler chicken sellers at Sila Market, Bima Regency, carried out for two months from August to September 2020. The respondents were 10 sellers or all broiler meat traders in Sila Market. Analysis of the data in this study, namely all research data were analyzed descriptively. The observed variables include independent variables, namely fixed costs, variable costs, sales, income and Break Even Poin/BEP and the dependent variables are age, education, family dependents, and trading experience. The results showed that the income of broiler meat sellers after the pandemic at Sila Market, Bima Regency was still in good condition, so it can be said that the broiler meat seller's business was in a profitable position and did not have a significant impact. The net income of broiler chicken before the pandemic was Rp. 7,300,000/month and the net income of broiler meat business after the pandemic is Rp. 8,915,000/month. BEP the price of broiler chicken before the pandemic was Rp. 1,076,510/day, while the BEP price of broiler chicken after the pandemic is Rp. 1,387,793/day. It is hoped that the government and related agencie
8
Ma, Jishan, and Yuanbiao Zhang. "Commodity Future Money Flows Trading Strategies Based on HMM." International Journal of Statistics and Probability 5, no. 4 (June 7, 2017): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijsp.v6n4p16.
Full textAbstract:
This paper aims to establish a quantitative trading strategy of commodity futures based on market money flows. Firstly, we use Accumulation/Distribution index to respectively construct the CMF index which represents the ratio of total capital flows to total volume, and the CHO index which represents the exponential moving average of the cumulative capital flows. In view of the different flows of money between buyers and sellers, the establishment of the transaction net volume index VTL is used to describe respectively the flow of money between buyers and sellers. On this basis, the HMM model is introduced, and the above three kinds of indexes are combined to choose the time, at which we execute the stop-loss operation and risk control. Finally, all performance index values of the strategy are as follows: the rate of initial capital return is 193.77%, the annual rate of return is 99.86%, the maximum retracement rate is 15.73%, the Sharpe rate is 2.05 and the price earnings ratio is 4.01.
9
ODUNTAN, O. O., J. A. SOAGA, A. L. A. SHOTUYO, O. A. AKINTUNDE, and T. O. OLAREWAJU. "ECONOMIC CONTRIBUTION OF WILDLIFE TO BUSHMEAT MARKETS IN IBADAN, OYO STATE." Journal of Agricultural Science and Environment 16, no. 1 (November 22, 2017): 116–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.51406/jagse.v16i1.1696.
Full textAbstract:
This paper examined the economic contribution of wild animals to bushmeat trade in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. Five prominent bush meat markets in Ibadan and its suburb were used for the study. The selection was based on the high intensity of bush meat marketing operations identified with the markets. All sellers in each market visited were interviewed which sum up to forty four respondents. Data were collected using structured questionnaire. Budgetary analysis was done to calculate costs and return of the bushmeat sellers. Income on mammals had the highest (₦5,755,600) per annum followed by the income on birds (₦858,000) per annum and reptiles (₦182,000). In the same pattern, percentage contribution indicates that mammals contributed 84% of the total income, while wild birds contributed 12% of the total income and reptile 3%. The net profit realized from the sales of mammals was ₦4,979,000 and ₦180,900 for wild birds. Cost and return analysis showed that sale of bushmeat is a profitable venture. In addition, mammals contributed more to the economy of the market than other two classes of animal found in the bushmeat market.
10
Macakoğlu, Şevval Seray, Burcu Alakuş Çınar, and Serhat Peker. "Kiyaslio: a gamified mobile crowdsourcing application for tracking price dispersion in the grocery retail market." International Journal of Web Information Systems 18, no. 1 (January 24, 2022): 55–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijwis-09-2021-0089.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose In the recent years, the rapid growth of the grocery retailing industry has created a great heterogeneity in prices across sellers in the market. Online price comparison agents which are key mechanisms to solve this problem by providing prices from different sellers. However, there are many sellers in the grocery industry do not offer online service, and so it is impossible to automatically retrieve price information from such grocery stores. In this manner, crowdsourcing can become an essential source of information by collecting current price data from shoppers. Therefore, this paper aims to propose Kiyaslio, a gamified mobile crowdsourcing application that provides price information of products from different grocery markets. Design/methodology/approach Kiyaslio has been developed through leveraging the power of crowdsourcing technology. Game elements have also been used to increase the willingness of users to contribute on price data entries. The proposed application is implemented using design science methodology, and it has been evaluated through usability testing by two well-known techniques which are the system usability scale and the net promoter score. Findings The results of the usability tests indicate that participants find Kiyaslio as functional, useful and easy to use. These findings prove its applicability and user acceptability. Practical implications The proposed platform supports crowd sourced data collection and could be effectively used as a tool to support shoppers to easily access current market product prices. Originality/value This paper presents a mobile application platform for tracking current prices in the grocery retail market whose strength is based on the crowdsourcing concept and incorporation of game elements.
11
Hendrik, H., R. Hendri, and C. Yolandika. "Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic on Activities Socio-Economic Floating Net Cages (FNC) Business in the Koto Panjang Hydropower Reservoir, Riau Province." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 934, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012037. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/934/1/012037.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract The purpose of the study was to analyse the impact of social activities related to cultivation and outside the cultivation business as well as economic activities before and after covid-19. The method used in this research is a survey method. Data collection was carried out on 20 farmers, three fish seller, and two fish feed sellers. Data analysis was carried out quantitatively and qualitatively. The results showed that before the pandemic, 80% of FNC cultivators’ social activities were done face-to-face and after the pandemic, only 40% were face-to-face and the rest were through mobile phones. Social activities outside the FNC such as worship, marriage and other attendance frequency is reduced by 5% - 25% after the pandemic. The economic activity of aquaculture has decreased after the Covid-19 outbreak by 50% in 2020 and 37.5% in 2021. In 2021 cultivators have made a profit but it is lower than the profit before the covid-19 pandemic. The economic activity of aquaculture has decreased after the Covid-19 outbreak by 50% in 2020 and 37.5% in 2021. In 2021 cultivators have made a profit but it is lower than the profit before the covid-19 pandemic. The economic activity of aquaculture has decreased after the Covid-19 outbreak by 50% in 2020 and 37.5% in 2021. In 2021 cultivators have made a profit but it is lower than the profit before the covid-19 pandemic.
12
Akerele, Dare, and Adebayo Musediku Shittu. "Can food production diversity influence farm households’ dietary diversity? An appraisal from two-dimensional food diversity measures." International Journal of Social Economics 44, no. 12 (December 4, 2017): 1597–608. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijse-03-2016-0080.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose Emphasis on the potential roles diverse farm production systems could play in enhancing food consumption variety and nutritional well-being in rural developing countries has increased in recent times. However, there are paucities of empirical works connecting diversity in agricultural production and dietary diversity in Africa, and Nigeria in particular. The purpose of this paper is to, therefore, examine, among others, the causal link between farm production diversity and consumption of varied diets among farm households in Nigeria using a nationally representative panel data. Design/methodology/approach Unlike the simple food count measure, the authors adopt two-dimensional indices to assess food diversity, and estimated both fixed and random effects versions of panel data econometrics models with the two-dimensional indices as regressands. Findings Results show that food production system is less diverse with an average farm household consuming fairly varied foods across seasons. All the econometrics models estimated consistently established positive and statistically significant influence of farm production diversity on household dietary diversity. Higher food prices, especially rice and roots and tubers could substantially reduce dietary diversity with the negative effects likely to be more devastating for low-income farm households. The specificity of household being a net food seller had positive, although weak influence on dietary diversity. Originality/value The findings accentuate, among others, the need for strategies to promote farm production diversity, transform farm households to net-sellers of foods and enable them take advantage of food price signals to boost farm incomes as important pathway for diet quality improvement and reduction of food insecurity, malnutrition and related diseases in rural Nigeria
13
Chile, Love M., and Dayal Talukder. "The Paradox of Agricultural Trade Liberalization in Bangladesh and Tanzania." American Journal of Trade and Policy 1, no. 1 (April 30, 2014): 23–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.18034/ajtp.v1i1.358.
Full textAbstract:
This paper examines some of the contradictions and theoretical ambiguities of agricultural trade liberalizationon the welfare of smallholder farmers. Using production, consumption and price data for pre-and post-liberalization periods for two main agricultural crops from Bangladesh (rice) and Tanzania (maize) we critically analyse the correlation between domestic and international prices of rice in Bangladesh and maize in Tanzania to estimate impact of agricultural trade liberalization on price stability/volatility and food security to measure economic benefits of trade liberalization on smallholder farmers. Using coefficient of variation of the level of prices (CV) and corrected coefficient of variation (CCV) as measured by Huchet-Bourdon (2011) we found that the values of both CV and CCV for consumer price in the post-liberalisation were quite large suggesting greater volatility of consumer price of rice in Bangladesh and maize in Tanzania in the post-liberalization period. We conclude that price volatility diminishes the potential benefits of agricultural trade liberalization forsmallholder farmers who are net-deficit producers, net-deficit sellers and recommend supplementary policy interventions to achieve enhanced welfare from trade liberalization.
14
Badertscher, Brad A., S. Paul Hribar, and Nicole Thorne Jenkins. "Informed Trading and the Market Reaction to Accounting Restatements." Accounting Review 86, no. 5 (May 1, 2011): 1519–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/accr-10093.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACT We examine how informed trading activities affect the market reaction to accounting restatements. We find significantly less negative reactions to accounting restatements when managers are net purchasers of stock before the restatement, and significantly more negative market reactions when managers are net sellers. Similar patterns characterize corporate trading, where prior stock repurchases dampen negative reactions and prior equity issuances increase negative reactions to the restatement. We address the possibility of reverse causality in which informed trades are undertaken because of the expected market reaction by examining the difference between disclosed and non-disclosed trades, finding that the market reaction is concentrated in the disclosed trades. Our results are incremental to general return patterns associated with insider trading and corporate equity transactions, and hold after controlling for other determinants of the market reaction to restatements. Taken together, these findings suggest that investors use informed trading activities to help interpret and price accounting restatements. JEL Classifications: M41, M42. Data Availability: Data are publicly available from the sources identified in the study.
15
DUBEY, SHANTANU KUMAR, RESHMA GILLS, U. S. GAUTAM, ATAR SINGH, R. R. BURMAN, and RAJEEV SINGH. "Value chain mapping: A novel approach for market dynamics analysis in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum)." Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 90, no. 5 (September 4, 2020): 924–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v90i5.104362.
Full textAbstract:
The present investigation is an attempt to map the tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) value chains existing in the Champawat district of the Uttarakhand (during 2016–17) to know the market dynamics in it. Estimation of production dynamics showed an average cost of production of tomato as ₹ 80077/ha with an average net return of ₹ 158123/ ha. Data collected from the study area revealed the existence of two marketing channels with different players and interconnection (C1: Producer- Retailers-Consumer and C2: Producer -Whole sellers – Retailers-Consumers) on which tomato farmers were dependent to reach the final consumers. Value chain mapping revealed that producers share in consumers’ price in net benefit terms for C1 was 52.06% and for C2 was 27.06% though the value added for tomato till reaching the final consumers in both channels were apparently same. This showed the necessity of tactical policy integration in value chain procedural development in tomato. Reforms are also needed in the existing marketing mechanism to make a change in it, in an ‘actor-activity-client oriented beneficial and profitable’ direction.
16
Liang, Xi Kun, and Li Min Tao. "Fuzzy Reasoning Model and Calculating Method for the Sellers' Credit of C2C Based on the Evaluating Indexes of Taobao Net." Applied Mechanics and Materials 411-414 (September 2013): 2265–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.411-414.2265.
Full textAbstract:
Aiming at the limitation to the credit evaluating system of C2C, a multi-variables fuzzy reasoning model is constructed and the calculating scheme is designed to evaluate the sellers credit of C2C referring to the evaluating indexes of Taobao net. The score of credit indexes is defined by the form of continuous interval in the model based on the interdependent relationship between the global assessment and the secondary evaluation indexes. Since the effect of the subjective factors on credit rating is efficiently eliminating in the algorithm and the credit description is more close to the transaction fact, the rating results of credit got by fuzzy calculation is more reliable than the ones obtained by traditional evaluation method. To verify the effectiveness of the fuzzy method, an applied example is given under the background of Taobao transaction.
17
Boels, Dominique. "It's better than stealing: informal street selling in Brussels." International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy 34, no. 9/10 (September 2, 2014): 670–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijssp-04-2013-0049.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to gain insight into the organisation of informal street selling in the capital of Belgium, its association with formal and illegal selling and the perceptions, choices and decisions of the sellers. Design/methodology/approach – A qualitative approach (case study) was employed, including interviews, observations and document analyses. Findings – The results point to different types of informal street selling, which are mainly executed by (illegal) migrants as a survival strategy. The case illustrates the different interrelations between the formal, informal and criminal economy. Notwithstanding the precarious situation of many informal sellers (informal), street selling is preserved by the government as a social safety net. Moreover, informal selling is neutralised by the suggestion that it is a better alternative than stealing or committing crimes which inflict physical harm and feelings of insecurity. Research limitations/implications – The results have limited generalisability, but are theoretically and methodologically important. Practical implications – Implications for migration policy (e.g. more preventative actions in countries of origin, shorter procedures, development of migration regulations accounting for other policy domains, e.g. employment market). Originality/value – The study fills a gap in the literature as there is limited empirical research on informal economy and Belgian informal street selling. Results are discussed in relation to international literature, thus overcoming a purely national perspective.
18
Чхутиашвили, Лела Васильевна, and Нана Васильевна Чхутиашвили. "ANTICOMPETITIVE AGREEMENTS: FOREIGN EXPERIENCE." Вестник Тверского государственного университета. Серия: Экономика и управление, no. 1(57) (April 6, 2022): 200–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.26456/2219-1453/2022.1.200-206.
Full textAbstract:
Целью статьи является анализ нормативных правовых актов и методов выявления антиконкурентных соглашений в зарубежных странах как угроз экономической безопасности государств. Научная новизна статьи заключается в обобщении используемых в мировой практике методик выявления картельных и иных антиконкурентных соглашений. Картели снижают эффективность использования ресурсов, ограничивая конкуренцию, сдерживая инновации, нанося вред потребителям в результате повышения цен и сокращения объемов сделок. Проведенный анализ зарубежного опыта позволил определить наиболее распространенные методы выявления картельных и иных антиконкурентных соглашений. Перед современными антимонопольными регуляторами сегодня стоит довольно сложная задача по сдерживанию доминирующей силы технологических гигантов без ущерба инновационному развитию с применением взвешенного подхода в своей практике. Currently, the negative consequences of cartels, harming the efficiency of resources, as well as consumers, are expressed in a decrease in the volume of transactions in kind, net losses of buyers (sellers), inhibition of innovations and improvement of useful properties of goods, higher prices and higher profits of sellers. In world practice, special attention is paid to the identification of cartel and other anti-competitive agreements in view of threats to the economic security of states. An analysis of regulatory legal acts and methods for detecting anticompetitive agreements in foreign countries allows us to conclude that there is a wide pool of methods for detecting cartels and other anticompetitive agreements. Modern antimonopoly regulators today face a rather difficult task - to restrain the dominant power of technological titans without compromising innovative development, thereby applying a balanced approach in their practice.
19
Fjell, Olav. "Corporate Citizenship: Statoil." NEW SOLUTIONS: A Journal of Environmental and Occupational Health Policy 13, no. 1 (May 2003): 43–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/86qb-kky1-f27l-3khk.
Full textAbstract:
Open markets alone do not guarantee equitable and sustainable development. Income disparities are growing both within and between countries to the extent that the marginalization of the poor has become a key challenge of globalization. To meet this challenge, the global community must address the governance gap between global finance/economics and local or national politics in world affairs. This article discusses how globalization is shaping Statoil's approach to corporate citizenship. The Norwegian firm, with 17,000 workers in some 25 countries, is one of the major net sellers of crude oil and supplies Europe with natural gas. Statoil maintains that corporations can contribute to global governance by conducting business in a manner that is ethical, economically viable, environmentally sound, and socially responsible. This contribution can be achieved through development partnerships with national governments, multilateral institutions, and nongovernmental organizations.
20
Tudor, Cristiana. "Investors’ Trading Activity and Information Asymmetry: Evidence from the Romanian Stock Market." Risks 9, no. 8 (August 19, 2021): 149. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/risks9080149.
Full textAbstract:
This paper examines the problem of information asymmetry between foreign, local, institutional and individual investors on the Bucharest Stock Exchange (BVB) for the period 2004–2011. Using monthly returns for individual companies listed on BVB, stock market indices during the seven years period, as well as aggregate data on foreign and domestic investors (both institutional and individual) sales and purchases on the Romanian stock market, this research intends to provide an answer to the following question: Are foreign investors better informed than the domestic ones and continually achieve higher rates of return on the Romanian stock market? We compare the information advantage of the different investors’ categories by separating the stock in our data sample into two categories, namely blue-chips stocks (mostly stocks that are part of the BET index, and also containing one international stock, Erste Bank), and “regular” stocks. Subsequently, we study the explanatory power for stock returns of potential impact factors, which reflect the monthly net position of four groups of investors on the Romanian Stock market (Purchases-Sales) by employing multivariate regression models and a five variable VAR system. Ultimately, we are interested in whether investors in one particular category are consistently net buyers just before stock returns increase and are net sellers before stock returns decrease, thus suggesting they have an information advantage as compared to the domestic ones. Our aim is to provide robust empirical evidence on the nature of investors’ information asymmetry by utilising a unique data set and directly assessing relevant inter-relationships.
21
Koplin, Julian J. "Consequences and Kidneys." International Journal of Applied Philosophy 31, no. 2 (2017): 137–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/ijap201822789.
Full textAbstract:
Kidney for Sale by Owner discusses a range of different arguments that can be offered in defence of live donor kidney markets. Although Cherry’s case for establishing such markets does not rest on consequentialist considerations, Cherry nonetheless suggests that allowing the sale of organs would have net positive consequences. He argues that both renal failure patients and people living in poverty could benefit from participating in the market, and further claims that a legal trade in organs would not shape society in harmful ways. This paper argues that the likely consequences of establishing an open market in kidneys are less benign than Cherry suggests. Specifically, I argue that a live donor kidney market could plausibly harm sellers, give rise to harmful pressures to participate in the market, and reinforce unjust political and social structures. I conclude by considering the implications of these arguments for the organ market debate.
22
Eyssell, Thomas H., and Donald R. Kummer. "Signalling, Insider Trading, And Post-Offering Performance: The Case Of Initial Public Offerings." Journal of Applied Business Research (JABR) 9, no. 3 (September 29, 2011): 80. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/jabr.v9i3.6040.
Full textAbstract:
Previous IPO studies have concluded that, on average, (1) the shares of firms going public are underpriced at the time of the offering, (2) prices adjust rapidly in the aftermarket, and (3) IPOs are generally poor performers over the longer-term. This study reevaluates the IPO pricing phenomenon utilizing more recent data and empirically tests the signaling models of Leland and Pyle (1977) and Gale and Stiglitz (1989), which imply that both first-day and aftermarket returns may be related to insiders transactions. Our results suggest that initial returns are inversely related to the proportion of the offering representing insiders share and that corporate insiders are, on average, net sellers in the year subsequent to the initial public offering. We also find that the greatest volume of post-offering insider sales occurs in those firms in which insiders are sold shares at the offering.
23
Roychowdhury, Sugata, and Ewa Sletten. "Voluntary Disclosure Incentives and Earnings Informativeness." Accounting Review 87, no. 5 (April 1, 2012): 1679–708. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/accr-50189.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACT We propose that the value of the earnings reporting process as an information source lies in limiting delays in the release of bad news, either by inducing managers to disclose it voluntarily or by directly releasing the negative news that managers have incentives to withhold. We compare earnings informativeness in bad-news and good-news quarters. Using returns to measure news, we find, consistent with our prediction, that earnings informativeness relative to other sources is higher in bad-news quarters than in good-news quarters. Further, cross-sectional tests indicate that earnings differential informativeness in bad-news quarters is more pronounced when managers do not voluntarily disclose the news, information asymmetry is stronger, and managers are net sellers of stock. JEL Classifications: G3; M4; M40; M41; M48. Data Availability: Data are available from Compustat, CRSP, First Call, I/B/E/S, ISSM, TAQ, and Thompson Financial.
24
Attari, Adel, Madison Liistro, Barbara Van Hare, Jennifer Chan, Emma Coleman, Tim Heffernan, Bianca Amador, et al. "Abstract 197: A systemic model derivation platform for generating 3D neuroendocrine tumor cell spheroids to accelerate cancer research." Cancer Research 82, no. 12_Supplement (June 15, 2022): 197. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-197.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract The Broad Cancer Cell Line Factory (CCLF) aims to increase the number and representation of in vitro/ex vivo cell models for common and rare cancer types. Neuroendocrine tumor (NET) cell model derivation is one of the CCLFs focus because it lacks well-characterized, publicly available models.Two major barriers existed in deriving NET cell models, including how to collect sufficient patient tumor tissue samples for the model derivation pilot and how to systematically iterate model derivation strategies since there is no prior knowledge for NET cell model generation success. Thus, we partnered with the MD Anderson Cancer Center, the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, and the Rare Cancer Research Foundation to collect patient tissue samples. All patient’s NET tissues were sequenced with a targeted Pan-Cancer panel to ensure high tumor content. To reduce fibroblast outgrowth, we combined an empirical rich media matrix (HYBRID technology) with a 3D spheroid culture system to initiate one sample in 16-64 conditions. The growing cultures at passage 3-5 were genomically credentialed to ensure the driver events matched with the original patient tissue. So far, we have received more than 70 NET samples. While several derived models are still under culture, we successfully generated 5 genomically verified NET tumor models, including small intestinal, pancreas, and liver subtypes. To phenotypically characterize these NET models, neuroendocrine biomarkers such as chromogranin A, synaptophysin, SSTR2, and VMAT 1/2 were also evaluated using qRT-PCR and ELISA. We observed that these NET spheroid models display long doubling times (2-4 weeks) at later passages which limits their utility for large scale perturbation experiments and model sharing capability with the research community. While we are currently working on several strategies to improve the propagation ability in these models, 1 (out of 5) model has reached passage 15 with a 3 day doubling time. Genomic studies, such as RNAseq, will be performed to address the model transcriptome changes after overcoming growth plateaus. Here we showed that it is feasible to derive NET models from patient biospecimens using our HYBRID strategy. As we expand our NET cohort, we will further refine disease-specific model generation protocols for different NET types. Our goal is to share our model generation experience and make these tumor cell models publicly available to the research community in order to accelerate cancer research. Citation Format: Adel Attari, Madison Liistro, Barbara Van Hare, Jennifer Chan, Emma Coleman, Tim Heffernan, Bianca Amador, Matthew Meyerson, Jesse Boehm, William Sellers, Yuen-Yi (Moony) Tseng. A systemic model derivation platform for generating 3D neuroendocrine tumor cell spheroids to accelerate cancer research [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 197.
25
Khan, Abrar Ahmad. "Reformed GST: Challenges and Opportunities (PANEL DISCUSSION-II)." Pakistan Development Review 49, no. 4II (December 1, 2010): 759. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v49i4iipp.759-759.
Full textAbstract:
Reformed GST as you know is a law which we have introduced in National Assembly. Its main features are that we are proposing minimum exemptions because our present law gives lot of exemptions. The second basic thing is about zero rating. Presently we have zero rated even domestic supplies for five exports sectors and even others sectors also. We are restricting zero rating for exports only and for domestic supplies it will be taxable. The third major thing is that we are increasing registration threshold from Rs 5 million to Rs 7.5 million. This proposal will spare smaller tax payers from incurring the compliance cost related to keeping of records and filing of returns. Then the fourth major change in the new law is that buyers have to give their CNIC or NTN to the sellers. This provision will help in keeping smaller taxpayer outside tax net and bringing bigger ones in tax net. Then there are lot of distortions in the existing law in the form of special schemes and fixed tax schemes. These schemes will not be part of the new law. The new law has been discussed in Senate’s Finance Committee where there have been objections about certain provisions which have been considered as very harsh and government has promised to consider softening them.
26
Ayundah, Shofi, Mustika Indah Puspa Diana, and Ahmad Afan Zaini. "Analisis Perkembangan Usaha Kecil Menengah (UKM) Setelah Mendapatkan Pembiayaan Gardhul Hasan dari BMT Mandiri Sejahtera Karangcangkring Jawa Timur Cabang Campurejo." Al-Muzdahir : Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah 1, no. 2 (July 30, 2019): 87–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.55352/ekis.v1i2.430.
Full textAbstract:
Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Campurejo in buying and selling activities are still difficult to sell various types of fish, vegetables and also fruits in large quantities. On average, each fish seller can only sell 2 or 3 types of fish, as well as vegetable and fruit sellers. Seeing the problems of the development of SMEs that still lack further attention, this development research was carried out. This research is a development research, which aims to develop the development of SMEs after obtaining Qordhul Hasan financing, especially fish, vegetable and fruit traders. The formulation of this research consists of: 1) How is the Management Model of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in the Campurejo village market. 2) How is the development of small and medium enterprises after getting Qordhul Hasan financing from BMT Mandiri Sejahtera Campurejo. This study uses a qualitative research type using a descriptive approach. The results of this study are to determine: 1. Small and Medium Enterprises (UKM) Management Model in the Campurejo village market, which include: a) To trade fish in the small traders market does not require a lot of capital, because most small fish traders only requires market land rent of Rp. 150,000, - per month, and every day there is still another withdrawal of Rp. 2,000, - / day. And money to buy merchandise in the form of the fish. b) To buy vegetables every day it is only around Rp. 90,000, - to Rp. 120,000, -. Meanwhile, to buy fruit, they spend around IDR 1,000,000/purchase.2. The development of small and medium enterprises after obtaining financing from Qordhul Hasan from BMT Mandiri Sejahtera Campurejo, which include: a) Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs), selling fish business. This business can continue to run smoothly in trading and buying and selling fish in the market. Before applying for financing, Qordhul Hasan earned a net profit of Rp. 50,000 after doing the financing to Rp. 80,000. b) Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs), businesses selling vegetables. These businesses can continue to run smoothly in trading and buying and selling vegetables in the market. Before applying for financing, Qordhul Hasan earned a net profit of Rp. 100,000 after doing the financing to Rp. 150,000.
27
Formica, Piero, and Jay Mitra. "Approaches to Clustering and Market Creation in the Dot-Com Economy." Industry and Higher Education 14, no. 6 (December 2000): 413–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.5367/000000000101295345.
Full textAbstract:
Clustering is high on the agenda of policy makers these days. Much of the attention has stemmed from the apparent success of firms linked together in a Porterian mould in specific regions. Hence the range of examples from the traditional industrial districts in Italy, the innovative milieux in France and Switzerland, and Silicon valley in the USA. The clusters agenda has moved on from consideration of spatial agglomeration issues to discussions on the convergence of technologies, skills, and resources, learning and knowledge, and interconnectedness between disparate industries resulting from convergence and learning opportunities. In the complex web of dynamic socialization and technological sophistication that characterizes clusters, a relatively new player, the Internet, has started to redefine cluster-based interconnectedness. Paradoxically, the Internet both challenges the role of space and geography in clusters and reinforces the value of human interaction between customers and suppliers, buyers and producers, and between consumers and sellers in defined spaces. The ‘net’ effect is often the creation of a new space of virtual interconnectedness for both physical buying and selling and intangible value generation in a ‘new economy’.
28
Mikhail, Michael B., Beverly R. Walther, and Richard H. Willis. "When Security Analysts Talk, Who Listens?" Accounting Review 82, no. 5 (October 1, 2007): 1227–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/accr.2007.82.5.1227.
Full textAbstract:
Regulators' interest in analyst reports stems from the belief that small investors are unaware of the conflicts sell-side analysts face and may, as a consequence, be misled into making suboptimal investment decisions. We examine who trades on security analyst stock recommendations by extending prior research to focus on investor-specific responses to revisions. We find that both large and small traders react to analyst reports; however, large investors appear to trade more than small traders in response to the information conveyed by the analyst's recommendation and earnings forecast revision (proxied by the magnitudes of the recommendation change and the earnings forecast revision, respectively). We also find that small investors do not fully account for the effects of analysts' incentives on the credibility of analyst reports, as captured by the type of recommendation (i.e., upgrade versus downgrade or buy versus sell). In particular, small investors not only trade more than large investors following upgrade and buy recommendations, but also trade more following upgrade and buy recommendations than they do following downgrade and hold/sell recommendations. Furthermore, we observe that, on average, small traders are net purchasers following recommendation revisions regardless of the type of the recommendation; large traders tend to be net sellers following downgrades and sells. Consequently, large traders generate statistically positive returns from their trading, while small traders generate statistically negative returns from their trading. These findings are consistent with large investors being more sophisticated processors of information, and provide some support for regulators' concerns that analysts may more easily mislead small investors.
29
Bhalla, Devender, Laurent Cleenewerck, Stephen Okorafor Kalu, and Kabiru Abubakar Gulma. "Malaria Prevention Measures among Pregnant Women: A Population-Based Survey in Nnewi, Nigeria." Scientific World Journal 2019 (November 13, 2019): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/6402947.
Full textAbstract:
We examined factors related to the uptake of two malaria prevention measures, insecticide-treated bed-nets and prophylactic sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP), among pregnant women in Nnewi, Nigeria. The survey had a quantitative and qualitative part. For each part, the subjects meeting our inclusion criteria were systematically identified in a population-based manner. For the qualitative part, focused group discussions, in-depth interviews with a wide variety of stakeholders (e.g., health workers, males whose wives are pregnant, and drug and net sellers), and key informants including doctors and nurses were held. All data covered various aspects related to the topics. A total of 384 subjects participated. The mean age was 28.9 years (95% CI 23.4–34.5). The primigravidae (odds 1.8–2.3) and illiterates (odds 4.1–13.5) were less likely to sleep under the net. Primigravidae were 2.0x less likely to uptake adequate SP. The uptake was also associated with having adequate knowledge on SP (2.4x), completing usual (≥4 visits) antenatal visits (3.9x), and being in the best (≥9 visits) antenatal visit scenario (10.5x). Other barriers identified were thermal discomfort, lack of availability, cost, and unsupervised uptake of SP. Based on a representative sample, systematic procedures, and within current evaluation limits, we conclude that primigravidae and those with no formal education and inadequate antenatal visits should be the foremost group for encouraging uptake of malaria prevention measures. The policymakers should resolve issues of thermal discomfort, availability, cost, unsupervised uptake, and inadequate awareness and confidence on SP prophylaxis. The solutions are available and should be actively sought.
30
Kalu, Stephen, Laurent Cleenewerck, Kabiru AbuBakar Gulma, and Devender Bhalla. "Prevention of Malaria in Pregnancy: What Do the Pregnant Women of Nigeria Know and Do about It?" Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology 2022 (November 18, 2022): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/7061548.
Full textAbstract:
Objective. We assessed knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding two malaria prevention measures (long-lasting impregnated mosquito nets, LLINs, and intermittent preventative therapy with sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (IPTp-SP)) among pregnant women in Nigeria. Methods. Pregnant women selected from among the four communities of Nnewi were interviewed by using a semistructured, interviewer-administered questionnaire on the respondents’ demography, knowledge of the cause, consequences, and malaria prevention methods. Also, a total of 48 focused group discussions, 24 key informant interviews, and 24 in-depth interviews were held among women leaders, village heads, pregnant women, community health workers, husbands of pregnant wives, and drug and insecticide-treated net sellers. Results. A total of 384 women (88.0% third trimester, 90.0% literate, and 41.1% primigravidae) participated. About 80.0% suffered from malaria during their current pregnancy. The majority was aware of the cause of malaria, local name of malaria, mode of transmission, risk of malaria among pregnant women, etc. However, their knowledge and attitude were inadequate regarding the symptomatology and complications of malaria in pregnancy, benefits of sleeping under the net or taking chemoprophylactic doses, or the concurrent use of both. About 80.0% had LLINs, yet only 41.5% slept under it the previous night. Only 31.0% had IPTp-SP doses under direct observation. Only 35.9% had a good understanding of IPTp-SP during pregnancy. Conclusion. Our work presents important practice gaps associated with the prevention of malaria during pregnancy. The pregnant women seemed to be aware of the basic concepts related to malaria but that does not translate into adequate attitude and practice necessary for malaria reduction.
31
Elfani, Dinda Syabila, Endang Chumaidiyah, and Sinta Aryani. "Design Business Offline and Online Based on Website of Pikyeum SME in Bandung." International Journal of Innovation in Enterprise System 6, no. 01 (January 31, 2022): 11–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.25124/ijies.v6i01.155.
Full textAbstract:
Pikyeum SME created a new business idea to connect sellers and consumers, introduce products, and place online purchases. By creating a website, Pikyeum SME makes it easy for consumers throughout Indonesia to find Peuyeum chips. This case study was conducted in Pikyeum SME, located in Lot Leuwidulang No. C 02, Sub-district Pameungpeuk, Bandung, Indonesia. Data collection and analysis were conducted qualitatively and quantitatively. The purpose of this research is to measure the demand, design technical and operational aspects, design a website-based application, measure the product's financial feasibility, and measure the sensitivity level of Pikyeum food products offline and online sales. Survey data were analyzed using corrected item-total correlation as a validity testing technique and Cronbach's Alpha as a reliability testing technique with the aid of the SPSS program. Based on this research, Net Present Value (NPV) is IDR 167.006.461, Interest Rate of Return (IRR) at 36,70%, and Payback Period at 3,4 years. It can be concluded that Pikyeum SME is feasible to run because NPV > 0, payback period < asset economic life, and IRR > MARR. The increase of raw materials and packaging costs shouldn’t be more than 36,76%. Meanwhile, the increase of labor cost shouldn’t be more than 23,51%. The demand decreases shouldn’t be more than 15,63% and selling prices shouldn’t exceed 11,34%.
32
Indra P, I. Made, Fanny Novika, Antonius Anton Lie, and Insri Nuryati. "GAMBARAN PENGGUNAAN FINANCIAL TECHNOLOGY (FINTECH) DALAM BENTUK PINJAMAN ONLINE (PINJOL) PADA UMKM DI INDONESIA." National Conference on Applied Business, Education, & Technology (NCABET) 1, no. 1 (October 1, 2021): 15–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.46306/ncabet.v1i1.2.
Full textAbstract:
The use of technological advances in the financial sector is growing rapidly. Technological innovations present a more practical financial transaction process, one of which is applied to online loans. Online lending business practices connect lenders with online lenders. The disbursement of 22 trillion loans from 99 online loan companies registered with the OJK has made 9 million transactions to more than 3 million Indonesians. For this reason, it is necessary to analyze the factors that influence interest in using financial technology in the form of online loans. As one of Indonesia's financial drivers, Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) play a role in transactions using online loan platforms. This study uses a quantitative approach by conducting an online survey of MSMEs to obtain primary data. The survey results show that 44.41% of SMEs use registered online loans, 18.75% use unregistered loans and 36.84% do not. The majority of businesses are SMEs in the culinary field with 58.88% of the main occupations, 50.99% having high school education and 66.78% living in rural areas. From a psychological point of view, most MSME actors make online loans from self-indulgence and have sufficient perceptions, lack of knowledge and sufficient attitudes. From social factors, most of them are motivated by colleagues who use online loans. Most of the MSME sellers are aged 36-45 years with a monthly net income of less than 5 million.
33
Rotomskis, Irmantas, and Darius Štitilis. "Elektroninės komercijos apmokestinimas pridėtinės vertės mokesčiu." Informacijos mokslai 42, no. 43 (January 1, 2008): 84–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/im.2008.0.3438.
Full textAbstract:
Straipsnyje nagrinėjama elektroninės komercijos ir pridėtinės vertės mokesčio suderinamumo dilema. Daugiausia dėmesio skiriama naujai sukurtai ir nuo 2004 m. gegužės 1 d. Lietuvoje įsigaliojusiai apmokestinimo schemai, kuri taikoma specialiai elektroniniu būdu teikiamoms paslaugoms. Pardavėjams, užsiimantiems elektronine komercija, keliami dideli reikalavimai, todėl pabrėžiama, kad pareigos, kurias įtvirtina teisės normos, neatitinka galimybių, kurias suteikia informacinės technologijos. Net ir nauji pridėtinės vertės mokesčio pokyčiai ne iki galo suderino mokesčių institucijų ir elektronine komercija užsiimančių pardavėjų tarpusavio santykius. Naujoji schema – tai tik pirmas, tačiau reikšmingas žingsnis siekiant tradicinį pridėtinės vertės mokestį efektyviai pritaikyti naujai komercijos formai.Value added tax in electronic commerceIrmantas Rotomskis, Darius Štitilis SummaryElectronic space is steadily gaining popularity as an attractive environment for business organisation. Electronic dispatch of goods in a digital form allowing to avoid traditional checking procedure, increased level of anonymity of operations carried out within internet, introduction of electronic currency, and considerable mobility of electronic commerce account for the governmental institutions’ concern about effective application of tax rates that have existed up until now. Special attention is given to the value added tax (VAT) as its regulation by current legislation has become largely ineffective in terms of newly-introduced business models.Criticism of VAT for its poor effectivity in the area of electronic commerce was based, to a degree, on the circumstance that identification of the second party of a deed, that is the buyer, was impossible. Most authors argue that information technologies allow to identify only the IP of a computer system, not a subject who used it. The main objective of this article is to analyse the dilemma of e-commerce and value added tax (VAT) compatibility. A search for effective ways of imposing a VAT tax on electronic commerce lasted in the European Union up till 2000. In 2002, the adoption of the Sixth Directive “On Value Added Tax” consolidated a new pattern applied to the taxation of services rendered exclusively in an electronic way. Requirements of this Directive are in force also in the Republic of Lithuania since 1 May 2004.High demands are raised to the e-commerce sellers, therefore the focus is set on inadequateness between obligations which are definite in legal norms and opportunities which e-commerce provides. Even the new changes applying VAT does not wholly balance the relationship between tax institutions and e-commerce sellers. The new scheme is a first step to the efficient application of traditional VAT to the new form of commerce.
34
Corburn, Jason. "Emissions trading and environmental justice: distributive fairness and the USA's Acid Rain Programme." Environmental Conservation 28, no. 4 (December 2001): 323–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892901000352.
Full textAbstract:
As emissions trading regimes become increasingly popular mechanisms for environmental pollution control around the world, environmentalists are asking whether market-based programmes meet their promise of both efficient and equitable pollution reductions. The emissions trading regime of the USA's Acid Rain Programme (ARP) is investigated in order to determine whether the programme has concentrated sulphur dioxide (SO2) pollution disproportionately for the poor and people of colour. While the USA emissions trading regime has been hailed as a success for cost-efficiently reducing pollution in the aggregate, critics contend that the programme is insufficiently attentive to the localized concentrations of harmful SO2 that trading can create. Further, advocates of environmental justice question whether emissions trading might exacerbate the disproportionate pollution burdens already facing the poor and people of colour. Stack emissions and pollution allowance holdings for all 110 power plants participating in Phase I of the trading programme are correlated with income and racial demographic characteristics of the people living around each plant to determine whether the ARP might raise distributive environmental justice concerns. Using USA Census data at the tract level, income and racial demographics around plants that increased and decreased their emissions as well as plants that were net purchasers and sellers of pollution allowances over the first three years of the programme are compared. For the first few years of the ARP, the emissions trading regime does not appear to have been concentrating SO2 pollution disproportionately for the poor and racial minority populations.
35
Mohamed, Norshidah, Ramlah Hussein, Nurul Hidayah Ahmad Zamzuri, and Hanif Haghshenas. "Insights into individual's online shopping continuance intention." Industrial Management & Data Systems 114, no. 9 (October 7, 2014): 1453–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/imds-07-2014-0201.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide insights into individual's online shopping continuance intention. The research uses the Expectation Confirmation Theory and Technology Acceptance Model as theoretical foundations to develop a model to achieve this aim. Design/methodology/approach – The research uses a cross-sectional survey research design approach. An online marketplace web site that connects buyers and sellers in Malaysia serves as the research context. Data were collected using convenience approach. Findings – Results suggest satisfaction contributes to individual online shopping continuance intention. Consistent with extant research, perceived usefulness of web site links to online shopping continuance intention. Contrary to past findings, perceived ease of web site use does not directly contribute to online shopping continuance intention. Individual's price-oriented lifestyle, perceived ease of web site use and usefulness contributed to individual's satisfaction with online shopping experience. People with time-oriented, net-oriented and price-oriented lifestyles and preference for a web site contribute to perceived ease of web site use. Extraverts have online shopping intention while emotional stability moderates the relationship between perceived usefulness of web site and satisfaction in online shopping. Originality/value – Findings aid web service provider and internet retailers when explaining individual continuance intention of online shopping. This research advances understanding of the role of satisfaction, perceived ease of web site use and perceived web site usefulness regarding online shopping continuance intention. The research also sheds light on individual attributes as contributors to online shopping experience, continuance and perceptions of web site.
36
Yang, Fan, Kirsten Urban, Martina Brockmeier, Eddy Bekkers, and Joseph Francois. "Impact of increasing agricultural domestic support on China’s food prices considering incomplete international agricultural price transmission." China Agricultural Economic Review 9, no. 4 (November 6, 2017): 535–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/caer-01-2016-0001.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to develop a modelling approach that enables the analysis of long-term food security policies. Specifically, the authors explore the effect of China’s agricultural domestic support on its agricultural and food market by also considering the impact of incomplete price transmission. Design/methodology/approach The authors extend the standard Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP) modelling framework. First, the authors incorporate incomplete price transmission into the GTAP model by generating tariff-equivalent price transmission elasticities. Second, the authors improve the current representation of China’s agricultural domestic support in the GTAP model and the underlying database by considering the production requirements and the trade-distorting effect of different policy instruments. Running a set of simulations, the authors examine first how the incorporation of incomplete price transmission affects the model’s results and second how increased agricultural domestic support affects China’s agricultural and food market accounting for incomplete price transmission. Findings Considering incomplete price transmission mitigates the domestic price increases as responses to high international agricultural prices, which also lead to an increase in China’s trade deficit and prohibits net food sellers from receiving high prices. In the long term, an increase in China’s agricultural domestic support to its World Trade Organisation de minimis commitment level would increase domestic agricultural production and reduce its demand pressure on the international market. Originality/value This paper contributes to the literature by examining the impact of increased agricultural domestic support on the domestic market while innovatively accounting for incomplete food price transmission. The authors combine econometric estimated price transmission elasticities and an extended GTAP framework to underscore the importance of enhancing the model’s ability in accounting for incomplete price transmission when analysing the impact of agricultural policies.
37
Soundarapandian, Dr M. "Problems and Prospects of Commerce on Digitalization - A Study in Dindigul District." Journal of Development Economics and Management Research Studies 09, no. 14 (2022): 32–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.53422/jdms.2022.91404.
Full textAbstract:
The Government of India has encouraged the shift to a less-cash society with its push for digital payments. With the launch of Digital India Programme, the government is taking a big step forward to transfer the country into a digitally empower knowledge economy. E-Commerce is buying and selling goods and services over the Internet. It is part of e-business structure that includes not only those transactions that centre on buying and selling goods and services to generate revenue, but also those transactions that support revenue generation. These activities include generating demand for goods and services offering sales support and customer service, or facilitating communications between business partners. Airline and travel tickets, banking services, books, clothing, computer hardware, software, and other electronics, flowers and gifts are some popular products and services that can be purchased online. An attempt has been made to analyze the problems and prospects of commerce on digitalisation in Dindigul district of Tamil Nādu. Primary data are collected randomly from 100 respondents of various commerce cashless transactions used by buyers and sellers in Dindigul district. The sample respondents opined that it is very easy to carry cards instead of carrying money and 66 percent of the peoples agreed it. The study found that majority of the respondents revealed that there are problems on no knowledge of using NET banking and on no knowledge of using POS in the study area. From this, it is clear that people are not having the knowledge about the cashless transactions. This is the ultimate goal of cashless society paradigm. Important issues which have been, or will be encountered in cashless society brought on in part by electronic cash. The government move aimed at curtailing the menace of black or counterfeit money which is largely used to fund criminals and terrorists as part of a parallel economy. Today, there is a sea change in the mindset of people with regard to be digital means of monetary dealings which are safe,
38
Bexultan, Yelaman. "PREDICTION OF STOCKS USING MACHINE LEARNING METHODS." Herald of Kazakh-British technical university 18, no. 3 (September 1, 2021): 28–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.55452/1998-6688-2021-18-3-28-35.
Full textAbstract:
Retail trade or retail is a sale of certain goods to the end consumer or intermediary for further sale, which is implemented through trade in specially equipped premises, through personal sales, etc. Also, retail trade is a commodity exchange process aimed at meeting the demand of customers. In addition, the retail sector currently occupies a leading position in terms of the intensity of development of the CIS countries economy. Excellent indicators have been achieved and many companies have reached a new level of trading. By about 2005, more than a dozen major retail chains had passed the billion-dollar milestone in terms of annual net revenue, and this is in dollars. The turnover of individual stores and retail facilities competed with some industrial enterprises with solid turnover and production bases. Thus, we can claim that the sphere of trade affects the growth and development of related industries. The product promotion chain involves the participation of customers and their demand, as well as other participants in the process. Moreover, the development of trade requires sellers to pay more and more attention to working with the product range and inventory balances. Working with inventory and product balances is a main issue for many retailers. And the many companies needed to make sure that there is a sufficient quantity of goods in the warehouse. Another point is that, exclude overstocking, because this is also one of the problems of retailers with a high degree of accuracy is required to make decisions. To sum up, making decisions in inventory management directly affects sales volumes, logistics costs, revenue, profit, and profitability. Inventory prediction is a necessary task to maintain an optimal level of inventory. I would like to note that the goal of the project / dissertation is to solve this problem using modern prediction methods based on machine learning technologies. The result is that in this way it is quite possible to analyze the dynamics of sales(consumer demand) thousands or even more products.
39
Lisi, Gaetano. "The search and matching process in the housing market." Journal of European Real Estate Research 12, no. 3 (November 4, 2019): 380–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jerer-02-2019-0003.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose This paper aims to study the phenomenon known as “house price dispersion”, one of the most important distinctive features of housing markets. House price dispersion refers to the phenomenon of selling two houses with very similar attributes and in near locations at the same time but at very different prices. Design/methodology/approach This theoretical paper makes use of a search and matching model of the housing market. The search and matching models are the benchmark models of the “matching” markets, such as the labour market and the housing market, where trade is a decentralised, uncoordinated and time-consuming economic activity. Findings Unlike the previous related literature that attributes to the heterogeneity of buyers and sellers a significant part of the price volatility, in this paper, the house price dispersion depends on the housing tenure status of home-seekers in the house search process. Indeed, in the presence of different housing tenure status of home-seekers, the house search process leads to different types of matching. In turn, this implies different surpluses (the sum of the net gains of the parties involved in the trade), and eventually, different surpluses produce different prices of equilibrium. Research limitations/implications An interesting research agenda for future works would be an extension of the model to study the effect of “online housing search” on the house search and matching process, and thus, on the house price dispersion. Practical implications The main practical implication of this work is that the house price dispersion is an inherent phenomenon in the house search and matching process. Originality/value None of the existing and related works of research have considered how to take advantage of the search and matching approach to deal with the phenomenon known as “house price dispersion”, without relying on the ex ante heterogeneity of the parties but looking at the “core” of the house search and matching process.
40
Arkham, Muhammad Nur, Luky Adrianto, and Yusli Wardiatno. "STUDI KETERKAITAN EKOSISTEM LAMUN DAN PERIKANAN SKALA KECIL (Studi Kasus: Desa Malang Rapat dan Berakit, Kabupaten Bintan, Kepulauan Riau)." Jurnal Sosial Ekonomi Kelautan dan Perikanan 10, no. 2 (June 20, 2016): 137. http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/jsekp.v10i2.1255.
Full textAbstract:
Ekosistem lamun merupakan salah satu bagian penting sebagai bagian penyusun kesatuan ekosistem pesisir bersama dengan mangrove dan terumbu karang. Secara spesifik, keterkaitan masyarakat sebagai pemanfaat sumberdaya pada ekosistem lamun belum banyak diungkapkan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji keterkaitan sistem sosial-ekologi lamun berdasarkan hasil tangkapan sumberdaya ikan di lokasi penelitian dan mengestimasi besaran manfaat sumberdaya ikan kaitannya dengan jasa ekosistem lamun di lokasi penelitian. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Data yang dibutuhkan adalah data primer dan sekunder. Data primer didapat dari wawancara dengan instrumen kuisioner dan pencatatan hasil tangkapan dan penjualan di pedagang pengepul. Analisis data penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis diskriptif kualitatif dan net fishing revenue (NFR) yang diperoleh nelayan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat keterkaitan sosial-ekologi dengan keberadaan ekosistem lamun yang dijadikan sebagai tempat penangkapan bagi perikanan skala kecil yang bisa berkontribusi dalam ketahanan pangan dan sebagai mata pencaharian nelayan di desa tersebut. Manfaat yang didapat perikanan skala kecil dari keberadaan ekosistem lamun yaitu kemudahan akses bagi nelayan skala kecil dalam mencari ikan karena lokasinya yang dekat dengan pantai. Secara umum besaran manfaat dari fungsi ekosistem lamun sebagai jasa penyedia terlihat dari pendapatan per hari nelayan skala kecil diatas UMK Kabupaten Bintan yaitu Rp. 93,000,00. Dengan adanya keterkaitan sosial-ekologi lamun tersebut dapat dilakukan pertimbangan pengelolaan pesisir terpadu dengan pendekatan sosial-ekologi lamun di lokasi penelitian. (The Study of Seagrass Ecosystem and Small-Scale Fisheries Linkages (Case Studie: Malang Rapat and Berakit village, Bintan Regency,Riau Islands))Seagrass ecosystem is one of an important coastal ecosystem’s component along with mangroves and coral reefs. However, the linkage between fishers and seagrass ecosystem, had not been fully explored. The objectives of this research were analyze seagrass social-ecological system linkages based on fish caught and estimating the fisheries resource benefits regarding its ecosystem services at the study sites. Qualitative and quantitative approach based on primary and secondary data were used in this study. Data were collected by interviewed using questionaire and also production and sales records from sellers. Descriptive-qualitative and net fishing revenue (NFR) were used to analyze in this study. Results showed that there was a social and ecological linkage between seagrass and small scale fishers that could contribute to food security and livelihood at those sites. Accessibility of fishing ground on shores was one of the benefit for small scale fisheries. While ecological benefit of seagrass as a provisioning service was indicated by the daily small scale fishers’ revenue that was higher than The Minimum District Wage of Bintan District value which was IDR 93,000. Based on those social-ecological linkages, it is possible to use integrated coastal management with seagrass social-ecological approach in those sites.
41
Arkham, Muhammad Nur, Luky Adrianto, and Yusli Wardiatno. "STUDI KETERKAITAN EKOSISTEM LAMUN DAN PERIKANAN SKALA KECIL (Studi Kasus: Desa Malang Rapat dan Berakit, Kabupaten Bintan, Kepulauan Riau)." Jurnal Sosial Ekonomi Kelautan dan Perikanan 10, no. 2 (December 1, 2015): 137. http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/jsekp.10.2.2015.137-148.
Full textAbstract:
<p>Ekosistem lamun merupakan salah satu bagian penting sebagai bagian penyusun kesatuan ekosistem pesisir bersama dengan mangrove dan terumbu karang. Secara spesifik, keterkaitan masyarakat sebagai pemanfaat sumberdaya pada ekosistem lamun belum banyak diungkapkan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji keterkaitan sistem sosial-ekologi lamun berdasarkan hasil tangkapan sumberdaya ikan di lokasi penelitian dan mengestimasi besaran manfaat sumberdaya ikan kaitannya dengan jasa ekosistem lamun di lokasi penelitian. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Data yang dibutuhkan adalah data primer dan sekunder. Data primer didapat dari wawancara dengan instrumen kuisioner dan pencatatan hasil tangkapan dan penjualan di pedagang pengepul. Analisis data penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis diskriptif kualitatif dan net fishing revenue (NFR) yang diperoleh nelayan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat keterkaitan sosial-ekologi dengan keberadaan ekosistem lamun yang dijadikan sebagai tempat penangkapan bagi perikanan skala kecil yang bisa berkontribusi dalam ketahanan pangan dan sebagai mata pencaharian nelayan di desa tersebut. Manfaat yang didapat perikanan skala kecil dari keberadaan ekosistem lamun yaitu kemudahan akses bagi nelayan skala kecil dalam mencari ikan karena lokasinya yang dekat dengan pantai. Secara umum besaran manfaat dari fungsi ekosistem lamun sebagai jasa penyedia terlihat dari pendapatan per hari nelayan skala kecil diatas UMK Kabupaten Bintan yaitu Rp. 93,000,00. Dengan adanya keterkaitan sosial-ekologi lamun tersebut dapat dilakukan pertimbangan pengelolaan pesisir terpadu dengan pendekatan sosial-ekologi lamun di lokasi penelitian.</p><p> </p><p><em>(The Study of Seagrass Ecosystem and Small-Scale Fisheries Linkages (Case Studie: Malang Rapat and Berakit village, Bintan Regency,Riau Islands))</em></p><p><em>Seagrass ecosystem is one of an important coastal ecosystem’s component along with mangroves and coral reefs. However, the linkage between fishers and seagrass ecosystem, had not been fully explored. The objectives of this research were analyze seagrass social-ecological system linkages based on fish caught and estimating the fisheries resource benefits regarding its ecosystem services at the study sites. Qualitative and quantitative approach based on primary and secondary data were used in this study. Data were collected by interviewed using questionaire and also production and sales records from sellers. Descriptive-qualitative and net fishing revenue (NFR) were used to analyze in this study. Results showed that there was a social and ecological linkage between seagrass and small scale fishers that could contribute to food security and livelihood at those sites. Accessibility of fishing ground on shores was one of the benefit for small scale fisheries. While ecological benefit of seagrass as a provisioning service was indicated by the daily small scale fishers’ revenue that was higher than The Minimum District Wage of Bintan District value which was IDR 93,000. Based on those social-ecological linkages, it is possible to use integrated coastal management with seagrass social-ecological approach in those sites.</em></p><p><em><br /></em></p>
42
Đuka, Andreja, Mirna Sertić, Tibor Pentek, Ivica Papa, David Janeš, and Tomislav Poršinsky. "Round Wood Waste and Losses." Croatian journal of forest engineering 41, no. 2 (June 10, 2020): 287–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5552/crojfe.2020.770.
Full textAbstract:
The term »loss« should be distinguished from the term »waste« commonly used by forestry practitioners to indicate the difference between gross volume (planned production based on official tariffs) and net volume (produced timber volume) of trees. Volume loss in round wood refers to the difference between the actual volume of round wood and the volume determined based on the prescribed method of measurement and calculation. As a result of prescribed scaling methods and calculations, volume losses appear due to 1) used volume equations, 2) prescribed method of measurement (i.e. measurements of length and mid-length diameter) and 3) deduction of double bark thickness. In Croatia, round wood is cross-cut and transported with bark, while logs are measured and sold without bark. In this way, the bark is an unnecessary ballast in production, but has many possible applications such as energy source, in the production of wooden boards in construction, in nurseries and horticulture, etc. The research was conducted on 225 butt-logs of sessile oak (Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl.) ranging in diameter classes from 27.5 cm to 67.5 cm from even-aged forests in the central part of Croatia. Deduction of double bark thickness caused a higher average loss in the volume when using Huber’s equation at 14% and when using Riecke-Newton’s equation at 13.5%. In both volume estimation methods, the loss due to double bark thickness was slightly reduced exponentially as the diameter of but-logs increased. The determined dependence of the bark thickness on diameter of butt-logs over bark indicates the need for correction of the bark deduction tables that are in operational use in Croatian forestry and are provided by trading practices, and since they are not the result of scientific research, they lead to unfair payment between sellers and buyers of round wood. Comparison analysis of the simulation of butt-logs indicated that the introduction of Riecke-Newton’s equation for estimating the volume of commercially important assortments in Croatian forestry is justified. The use of Riecke-Newton’s equation in these terms leads on average to a 6.6% higher volume of butt-logs than the use of Huber’s equation for estimating the volume of assortments.
43
Thamrin, Nur Husniah, Anna Rulia, and Daffa Sega Maulana. "PERENCANAAN PUSAT UKM DI PASAR SENI MUSEUM MULAWARMAN TENGGARONG PENEKANAN PADA SIRKULASI RUANG DALAM." Jurnal Kreatif : Desain Produk Industri dan Arsitektur 9, no. 2 (July 22, 2021): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.46964/jkdpia.v9i2.163.
Full textAbstract:
Souvenir center is a place that is sought when someone is visiting a city and wants to buy souvenirs typical of the city. With these souvenirs can be a souvenir for relatives and can also be a memento of the city that was visited. The Art Market is a souvenir shopping center typical of the city of Tenggarong, where the city of Tenggarong is very thick in culture and there are various types of handicrafts that can be used as souvenirs. With the Art Market, it can awaken the economy of the surrounding community because of the existence of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) the results of the Tenggarong handicrafts with high selling value. Inadequate facilities and infrastructure, making the Art Market less well organized. There are no buildings available to be occupied by the sellers of souvenirs, so the sellers make small stalls on the edge of the Mulawarman Tenggarong Museum area. With these problems, the authors design a building that can be a container for sellers souvenirs with a neat layout of space, and also an attraction for visitors who come. By using an emphasis on neo vernacular architectural style, this building will look in accordance with the Mulawarman Museum building
44
Susilowati, Etty, and Hernawati Sinaga. "Pengaruh Laba Bersih, Arus Kas Dan Dividen Tunai Terhadap Volume Perdagangan Saham Pada Perusahaan Publik Sektor Barang Dan Konsumsi Di BEI." JMK (Jurnal Manajemen dan Kewirausahaan) 4, no. 1 (January 18, 2019): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.32503/jmk.v4i1.356.
Full textAbstract:
The stock trading volume is the number of shares that are traded on the capital market every trading day with a price level agreed upon by the seller and buyer through an intermediary in the capital market. Stocks will be more liquid with the amount of investment in shares. To assess the volume of stock trading, investors can evaluate net income, cash flow and cash dividends. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of net income, cash flow and cash dividends on the volume of stock trading in 10 public goods and consumption sectors listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) through a purposive sampling technique both simultaneously and partially. The research data were analyzed using multiple linear regression methods. The results of this study indicate that simultaneously net income, cash flow and cash dividends have significant effects on the volume of stock trading of public companies in the goods and consumption sector, while partially, only net income (β = 0.485) and cash flow (β= 1.587) have significant positive effects against the volume of stock trading.
45
Rini, Nova Puspita, Trisnani Dwi Hapsari, and Sardiyatmo Sardiyatmo. "KELAYAKAN FINANSIAL UNIT USAHA PENANGKAPAN MULTIGEAR (JARING RAMPUS DAN JARING UDANG) DI PELABUHAN PERIKANAN PANTAI TAWANG KABUPATEN KENDAL (Financial Analysis of Multigear Fishing Bussiness In Tawang Fishing Port, Kendal Regency)." SAINTEK PERIKANAN : Indonesian Journal of Fisheries Science and Technology 12, no. 2 (July 20, 2017): 124. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ijfst.12.2.124-133.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRAK Peningkatan jumlah alat tangkap multigear (jaring rampus dan jaring udang) berbanding terbalik dengan penurunan jumlah produksi hasil tangkapan utamanya yaitu, ikan Kembung dan Udang Putih sejak tahun 2014 hingga tahun 2015. Sulitnya pembiayaan investasi dan pengembangan usaha penangkapan multigear di Pelabuhan Perikanan Pantai Tawang membuat sebagian besar Nelayan terikat pada sistem ijon (Patron-Klien), sehingga menyebabkan penerimaan Nelayan tidak maksimal karena harga jual yang ditetapkan rendah dari pihak Bakul (Patron) selaku pemberi pinjaman modal. Untuk itu, perlu adanya analisis finansial apabila Nelayan tidak terikat sistem ijon.Berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut, tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah, menganalisis kelayakan finansial untuk mengatahui apakah hingga saat ini usaha penangkapan multigear terikat sistem ijon masih layak untuk dilanjutkan, serta menganalisis bagaimana kelayakan finansial usaha apabila Nelayan tidak terikat sistem ijon.Hasil perhitungan analisis finansial usaha penangkapan multigear terikat sistem ijon discount rate 5% ialah, R/C ratio 1,79, PP 3,112, NPV Rp. 340.654.823,79., Net Net B/C ratio 1,41 dan IRR 13,26%. Sedangkan, hasil analisis finansial usaha penangkapan multigear memanfaatkan lembaga keuangan discount rate 9% ialah, R/C ratio 1,99, PP2,388, , NPVRp. 384.956.100,17., Net Net B/C ratio3,50 dan IRR 50,10% Berdasarkan nilai-nilai tersebut usaha penangkapan multigear terikat sistem ijon masih layak untuk dilanjutkan, namun usaha ini akan lebih layak untuk dijalankan apabila memanfaatkan lembaga keuangan. Kata kunci: Analisis Finansial; Penangkapan Multigear; PPP Tawang ABSTRACT The increasing number of using multi-fishing gear (rampus net and trammel net) was inversely with the amount of decreasing production of each target catch, these were long jowed mackerel (restrelliger sp.) and white shrimp (paneaus sp.), since 2014 till 2015. The difficulty of financial and development business investment arrest multi-fishing gear makes most of the fishermen attached to small seller ( patron-client system). This condition makes fisherman couldn’t get maximum revenue cause of the selling low price from small seller as the Lender of Capital. Based on these problems, the aims of it research are, analysis the feasibility financial to find out weather till today its business still feasible to continue, and how is the analysis business feasibility if the fishermen not bound to ijon system (patron-client).The calculation result of financial analysis multi-fishing gear business bound to ijon system by discount rate 5% are, R/C ratio 1,79, PP 3,112, NPV Rp. 340.654.823,79.,, Net Net B/C ratio 1,41, and IRR 13,26%. Whereas, the result of financial analysis multi-fishing gear business use financial institution discount rate 9% are, R/C ratio 1,99, PP2,388, , NPVRp.384.956.100,17., Net Net B/C ratio3,50 and IRR 50,10%. According to those values multi-fishing gear business that bound to ijon sytem is still feasible to continue, But this business will be recognised to run better when use financial institutions. Keywords: Financial Analysis, Multi-Fishing Gear, PPP Tawang
46
Suwarta, F. X. "Analisis Pemasaran Domba dari Tingkat Peternak Sampai Penjual Sate di Kabupaten Sleman." Sains Peternakan 7, no. 1 (October 27, 2016): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/sainspet.7.1.25-29.
Full textAbstract:
<p><em>This aim of this research was to study marketing chain of sheeps from farmer, trader and satay seller and to study cost of marketing at each of instituted marketing and the revenue of farmer, trader and satay seller in Sleman regency, Yogyakarta. The research was conducted using a survey method. The respondents from sheep farmer, sheep trader and satay seller were 107, 37 and 64, respectively. Data were analyzed descriptively. The cost efficiency of marketing system was analyzed for marketing cost, margin, farmer’s share, market competition and profitability. The result showed that the most efficient of the distribution of the sheep marketing was from sheep, farmer, sheep trader and consumer. Margin analyzed showed that male sheep contributed larger margin than female sheep (19.78: 19.14%). The farmer share for sheep marketing revealed that female sheep contributed 80.85% while male sheep 80.21%. Coefficiency of market competition showed that sheep farmer had higher coefficiency competition than sheep trader both to female and male. Sheep farmer had higher net profit margin (NPM) level but had lower operating ratio level. Satay seller had lower NPM and higher operating ratio level.</em></p><p><em> </em></p><p><em>Key words</em><em> : sheep, marketing, efficiency of marketing</em></p>
47
Suwarta, F. X. "Analisis Pemasaran Domba dari Tingkat Peternak Sampai Penjual Sate di Kabupaten Sleman." Sains Peternakan 7, no. 1 (October 27, 2016): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/sainspet.v7i1.1012.
Full textAbstract:
<p><em>This aim of this research was to study marketing chain of sheeps from farmer, trader and satay seller and to study cost of marketing at each of instituted marketing and the revenue of farmer, trader and satay seller in Sleman regency, Yogyakarta. The research was conducted using a survey method. The respondents from sheep farmer, sheep trader and satay seller were 107, 37 and 64, respectively. Data were analyzed descriptively. The cost efficiency of marketing system was analyzed for marketing cost, margin, farmer’s share, market competition and profitability. The result showed that the most efficient of the distribution of the sheep marketing was from sheep, farmer, sheep trader and consumer. Margin analyzed showed that male sheep contributed larger margin than female sheep (19.78: 19.14%). The farmer share for sheep marketing revealed that female sheep contributed 80.85% while male sheep 80.21%. Coefficiency of market competition showed that sheep farmer had higher coefficiency competition than sheep trader both to female and male. Sheep farmer had higher net profit margin (NPM) level but had lower operating ratio level. Satay seller had lower NPM and higher operating ratio level.</em></p><p><em> </em></p><p><em>Key words</em><em> : sheep, marketing, efficiency of marketing</em></p>
48
Boschee, Pam. "Comments: How Real Are Carbon Offsets?" Journal of Petroleum Technology 73, no. 09 (September 1, 2021): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/0921-0006-jpt.
Full textAbstract:
Purchasing carbon offsets is a widespread means of attempting to meet carbon-reduction and net-zero emissions goals across many industries. Also widespread is the increasing scrutiny of the practice. How “real” are the offsets? How are they quantified and verified, and by whom? Purchasing carbon offsets, or carbon credits, is an option when a company’s efforts to eliminate its carbon emissions through mitigation methods fall short. The offsets are purchased through investments in projects that remove carbon from the atmosphere such as nature-based solutions (e.g., REDD, or reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation), negative-emission technologies (including carbon capture and storage [CCS] and bioenergy with CCS), and renewable energy. Here’s where the criticism arises: How is the amount of carbon captured by these projects measured? For example, how much carbon can a tree or forest handle? Are all trees equal in their carbon intake? The uncertainty and variability in carbon-accumulation rates is acknowledged in research studies that are attempting to provide quantification. A study published in Nature compiled more than 13,000 georeferenced measurements to determine the rates for the first 30 years of natural forest regrowth. A map showed more than 100-fold variation in rates across the globe and indicated that default rates from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change may underestimate the rates by 32% on average and do not capture eightfold variation within ecozones. On the other hand, the study concluded that the maximum mitigation potential from natural forest regrowth is 11% lower than previously reported because of the use of overly high rates for locations of potential new forest. While the study was not intended to provide verification to be used in the carbon-offset market, it points to the difficulty in getting the numbers right. Third-party verifiers are casting light on the validity of offsets. Various organizations such as the Climate Registry and the American Carbon Registry (ACR) aim to set standards and best practices. In both the regulated and voluntary carbon markets, ACR says it “oversees the registration and verification of carbon-offset projects following approved carbon accounting methodologies or protocols and issues offsets on a transparent registry system.” In July, CarbonPlan, a nonprofit that analyzes climate solutions based on the best available science and data, rated BCarbon, a standard created by Rice University’s Baker Institute for Public Policy, as one of the best publicly available protocols for soil carbon offsets in the US. BCarbon, a nature-based mitigation system, aims to remove CO2 from the atmosphere and store it in soil as organic carbon. Based on independent verification and certification requirements, the credits under the system are issued for the removal of CO2 by photosynthesis and storage as carbon in soil. Landowners are eligible for storage payments. The Baker Institute said the approach could unlock the potential for removal, storage, and certification of upwards of 1 billion tons of CO2 and lead to the protection and restoration of hundreds of millions of acres of grassland. Scrutiny of carbon offsets is beneficial in this expanding carbon market. Verification and certification will serve to increase the trust of both buyers and sellers—and the public—in what will likely be a bridge toward longer-term solutions to reduce global carbon emissions. And getting the numbers right is essential.
49
Camuzeaux, Jonathan, Thomas Sterner, and Gernot Wagner. "INDIA IN THE COMING ‘CLIMATE G2’?" National Institute Economic Review 251 (February 2020): R3—R12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/nie.2020.2.
Full textAbstract:
China and the United States are the two largest emitters of greenhouse gases, making them pivotal players in global climate negotiations. Within the coming decade, however, India is set to become the most important counterpart to the United States, as it overtakes China as the country with the most at stake depending on the type of global burden-sharing agreements reached, thus becoming a member of the ‘Climate G2’. We create a hypothetical global carbon market based on modelling emissions reduction commitments across countries and regions relative to their marginal abatement costs. We then analyse net financial flows across a wide range of burden-sharing agreements, from pure ‘grandfathering’ based on current emissions to equal-per-capita allocation. Among the four largest players – the United States, the EU-27, China, and India – it is China that would currently be the largest net seller of emissions allowances in all but the grandfathered scenario. The United States would be the largest net buyer. However, India is poised to take China’s position by around 2030. That leaves the United States and India as the two major countries with most to gain and lose, depending on the type of climate deal reached.
50
BAEK, MINHO, QIMIN CHAI, and SUDUK KIM. "HOW CARBON MARKET COOPERATION CHANGES THE ENERGY SYSTEMS IN NORTHEAST ASIA." Climate Change Economics 11, no. 02 (May 2020): 2050010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010007820500104.
Full textAbstract:
This paper explores the impact of international emissions trading (IET) among Korea, China, and Japan, three countries that would form the largest potential carbon market in the world. The Nationally Determined Contribution for each country forms the basis of scenario analyses using GCAM (Global Change Assessment Model). As expected, China emerges as the sole net seller of emissions permits while Korea and Japan are the net purchasers of emission permits produced by China. All participants enjoy gains from emissions trading. The implementation of IET changes the power systems of Korea and Japan by favoring increased conventional fossil fuel usage over renewable power technologies or attached carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies, while China’s power system moves in the opposite direction, by boosting the deployment of renewables and CCS-attached technologies. Considering the counterproductive incentives for Korea and Japan to consume more carbon-intensive energy sources, each country should consider such issues carefully before officially adopting IET as the pillar of climate policy.