Journal articles: 'NESB'

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Goldsmith, Peggy W. "Second language learners in special education." Volume 3 3 (January 1, 1986): 92–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/aralss.3.06gol.

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During 1984, New South Wales Department of Education conducted a survey of ethnic-specific needs of students of non-English speaking backgrounds (NESB) in schools for specific purposes (SSPs), which are special education schools. This paper indicates the results and outcomes of that survey. The percentage of students of NESBs in responding schools was 15.4%. The distribution of languages other than English spoken in homes of NESB students in SSPs is similar to that of the general population. The issues seen to be of greatest importance for schools with NESB pupils were assistance in communicating with non-English parents, and a knowledge of and contact with ethnic welfare/support agencies. A literature search revealed little in the way of studies on language provision for students of NESB in SSPs in the USA, Canada, Britain or in Australia. Assessment for placement in special education has always posed a difficulty in regard to students whose dominant language is not English. A move towards the use of Adaptive Behaviour Scales is a possible change in assessment procedures. where the level of language development will constitute just one factor among a number of others. The commencement of English as a second language programme and a bilingual programme are seen as innovatory in this field of education.

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Faaliyat, Rosa, Keith Townsend, David Peetz, and Susan Ressia. "Skilled migrant employees' perceptions of support from line managers." Equality, Diversity and Inclusion: An International Journal 39, no. 8 (May 12, 2020): 931–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/edi-09-2019-0246.

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PurposeThis paper explores the experiences of non-English-speaking background (NESB) skilled employees working in Australian workplaces, their perceptions of managers' actions and how a lack of employee involvement and participation (EIP) practices and performance appraisal (PA) is perceived regarding career progression.Design/methodology/approachThis exploratory research project is based on 26 semi-structured interviews with skilled migrant NESB employees based in Australia. Social exchange theory (SET) and labour market segmentation theory (LMST) are applied to help explain macro- and micro-level influences on NESB employees and their relationships with their line managers and the workforce.FindingsParticipants perceived line managers to be highly communicative and approachable; however, they indicated how a lack of EIP in decision-making and in their PA affected career progression opportunities for NESB employees. While they were satisfied overall with their jobs, the research indicated a need for improved practices and support from the broader organisation in these two identified areas.Originality/valueThere is relatively little research on how the challenges of an increasingly diverse workforce are managed, particularly from NESB employees' perspective. Therefore, this research fills a gap concerning NESB employees' experience in Australian organisations.

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Hassett, Anne, Kuruvilla George, and Susan Harrigan. "Admissions of Elderly Patients from English-Speaking and Non-English-Speaking Backgrounds to an Inpatient Psychogeriatric Unit." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 33, no. 4 (August 1999): 576–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/j.1440-1614.1999.00537.x.

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Objective: The aim of this study was to compare differences between elderly patients from non-English-speaking backgrounds (NESB) and English-speaking backgrounds (ESB) admitted to an acute psychogeriatric unit. Method: Sociodemographic and clinical variables were collated from inpatient files for a 12-month period and analysed according to NESB and ESB status. The 1996 Australian Census data were used for comparison of catchment area representation of different ethnic groups. Results: With a few exceptions, admission rates for elderly patients from NESB reflected the representation of that ethnic group in the catchment area population figures. No significant differences were found between the two groups for mean age, length of stay and previous admissions to the unit. Patients from NESB were less likely to be admitted voluntarily and less likely to be diagnosed with affective disorder. These differences were more marked for males, who were more likely to be diagnosed with dementia. Conclusions: These findings suggest that further investigation is required into the accessibility of psychiatric hospitalisation for elderly patients from NESB. Under recognition of disorders such as depression and reluctance to accept necessary inpatient management are two possible factors that should concern mental health service providers for the ethnic elderly. A subsequent analysis will examine if differences also exist between elderly patients from NESB and ESB who receive community-based psychiatric treatment. Implications for mental health service provision for the elderly from NESB are discussed.

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Gill, Robert Joseph. "Improving NESB Students’ Learning in Communication Through Simulating Social Media: An Australian Case Study." International Journal of Learning and Development 2, no. 6 (November 14, 2012): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijld.v2i6.2538.

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Australian universities are mindful of graduating students who are prepared for the workforce. A growing trend in organisational communication is the use of digital/electronic media to communicate with stakeholders, and many universities are now adopting pedagogy that simulates professional use of social media.International students who come from non-English speaking backgrounds (NESB) and are new to Australian university study can often struggle with understanding information that is delivered verbally, particularly when delivered under the traditional lecture/tutorial or didactic approach. The use of online communication in the curriculum can improve employability skills and heighten comprehension for NESB students.This paper examines results by NESB students mainly from Chinese universities studying through a collaborative articulated pathway program who have completed the core communication unit between 2010 and 2012. The majority of these students have come from limited English-speaking environments. The paper analyses their results and uses contemporary literature to form conclusions on cognitive capabilities for the NESB cohort when studying this introductory unit on-campus.The student results and the literature analysed demonstrates that NESB students perform better when comprehending and consolidating knowledge delivered through interactivity involving digital communication, primarily e-text-based content that simulates social media. It concludes that electronic communication based on social media model can heighten NESB student engagement and improve employability.

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Trauer, Tom. "Ethnic Differences in the Utilisation of Public Psychiatric Services in An Area of Suburban Melbourne." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 29, no. 4 (December 1995): 615–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00048679509064976.

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Objective: The main aim of this study was to compare levels of service use by English and non-English speaking background people. Method: A comparison of service use in 1991/1992 between clients of English speaking (ESB) and non English-speaking (NESB) background was undertaken using hospital inpatient statistics, community mental health centre contact data, interpreter usage figures, and the 1991 Australian census. Results: The main findings indicated: (a) longer median lengths of stay of NESB than ESB inpatients; (b) roughly equal involuntary hospitalisation rates between ESB and NESB residents, but significantly lower rates of voluntary hospitalisation for NESB residents; (c) NESB face-to-face clinic contacts significantly shorter (by between five to ten minutes) than ESB; and (d) variable and generally low use of interpreters. No significant associations between ethnicity, legal status and gender were found. There were limitations in the available data and conclusions could be drawn only with caution. Conclusions: Recommendations include better routine collection of ethnically relevant information, and measures designed to improve the acceptability and accessibility of inpatient services.

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Lee, C. K., L. Browne, P. Bastick, and W. Liauw. "Women from non-English speaking backgrounds living in Australia present with later stage breast cancer: A population study." Journal of Clinical Oncology 25, no. 18_suppl (June 20, 2007): 17043. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.17043.

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17043 Background: Ethnicity may influence both the incidence and prognosis of breast cancer. We have conducted an analysis to determine if women from non-English speaking backgrounds (NESB) living in New South Wales (NSW), Australia, present with later stage breast cancer compared to women from English speaking backgrounds (ESB); and to determine whether there is an impact on their survival. Methods: Data from the NSW Cancer Registry (1980 to 2004) was used to identify women with their first presentation of breast cancer. Stage of breast cancer was classified as early (insitu or localized) versus late (regional nodal or distant metastatic spread) according to registry definitions. Country of birth was used as a surrogate for language status. Stage at diagnosis was compared between ESB versus NESB women. Logistic regression was used to determine the odds of late stage disease and Cox regression to determine survival outcomes Results: 60,676 of 75,583 cases were considered suitable for analysis. Of these 16.64% were NESB. Accounting for potential confounding variables, NESB women were more likely to have late stage disease than ESB women (OR= 1.12; 95% CI, 1.07 to 1.17). Analysis by geographical region of birth revealed women born in Middle Eastern region were most likely to have late stage disease at presentation (OR 1.41; 95% CI, 1.25 to 1.60). In multivariable analysis of all-cause mortality NESB women had a superior overall survival (HR 0.90; 95% CI 0.87 to 0.94) compared to ESB women, however, there was no difference in breast cancer specific survival between these groups by univariate analysis (logrank p=0.46). Conclusions: In New South Wales, Australia, NESB women have a delayed presentation with breast cancer as indicted by more advanced stage. However, stage-adjusted, breast cancer specific survival in NESB women is similar to the ESB women. Further studies are required to determine the reasons for delayed detection for NESB women. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

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Renzaho, André. "Ischaemic Heart Disease and Australian Immigrants: The Influence of Birthplace and Language Skills on Treatment and Use of Health Services." Health Information Management Journal 36, no. 2 (July 2007): 26–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/183335830703600206.

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Admission rates for ischaemic heart disease (IHD), and the use of invasive cardiovascular procedures, separation mode and length of stay (LOS) were compared between Australians from non-English speaking background (NESB; n=8627) and English speaking background (ESB; n=13162) aged 20 years and over admitted to Victorian urban public hospitals. The study covered the period from 1993 to 1998. It was found that, compared with their ESB counterparts, the incidence of admission for acute myocardial infarction was significantly higher for NESB men and women before and after controlling for confounding factors. The age-adjusted ratios for NESB women compared with their ESB counterparts ranged from 1.23 to 1.89 for cardiac catheterisation, from 0.23 to 0.27 for percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA), and from 1.04 to 1.80 for coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Procedure rates were comparable in men for cardiac catheterisation and CABG but higher for PTA rates in NESB men (OR: 1.29, 95%CI: 1.11–1.50) than their ESB counterparts. Both NESB men (β=0.04, 95%CI:0.01–0.07) and women (β=0.03, 95%CI: 0.02–0.08) experienced significantly longer hospital stays than their ESB counterparts. These findings indicate there may be systematic differences in patients' treatment and service utilisation in Victorian public hospitals. The extent to which physicians' bias and patients' choice could explain these differences requires further investigation.

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Mohammad, Mohammad, and Yi-Chen Lan. "Overcoming the Barriers to Accessing Government Online Services in Australia." International Journal of E-Services and Mobile Applications 5, no. 3 (July 2013): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jesma.2013070101.

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Australia has an inherent desire to afford migrants with a wide range of opportunities, so it naturally follows that government online services should also be available to migrants with a non-English speaking background (NESB). Despite the admirable efforts of governments and local agencies in Australia to provide such services, the reality is that many NESB migrants are not taking advantage of these available services. This case study investigates possible reasons for this issue, as well as suggestions for improvement. In addition, this study, involving interviews with 30 selected Arab residents, identifies language and low computer skills as among the primary reasons why many NESB migrants are discouraged from using government online services in Australia. The results of this case study, in combination with the extensive literature on the topic, show that Australia should implement ICT-based or e-government policies, programs, and services that more accurately reflect migrant cultures and languages so that migrant integration can be more fully accomplished. Specifically, this article presents a NESB model that adopts the value of user-centricity or a more individual-focused approach to government online services in Australia.

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Riad Shams, S. M. "International education management." Journal for Multicultural Education 11, no. 3 (August 14, 2017): 206–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jme-11-2015-0034.

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Purpose International students, who have a non-English speaking background (NESB), encounter many difficulties, in comparison to their local fellows of an English-speaking country. Literature demonstrates that leveraging various relational perspectives in a multicultural teaching environment has favourable implications to manage the NESB international students’ academic experience. Based on the observation and introspection approaches and a relevant literature review in relationship management, an ethnographic analysis is conducted to realise how such relational perspectives can be nurtured, in a way that the NESB international students expect and accept in a foreign country. Design/methodology/approach A literature review in relationship management and an ethnographic analysis based on observation and introspection methods was conducted. Findings Findings show that universities could assist the NESB international students by designing, delivering and monitoring innovative teaching and learning approaches and taking care of the associated academic and non-academic issues of the students, while leveraging the social, psychological and academic relational perspective(s). Originality/value Leveraging relational perspectives offers global implications. The implications of relational perspectives can be used from any setting. However, the relational appeal should be focused on the presented circumstances of a targeted setting only (e.g. the issues of a particular multicultural classroom).

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Fan, Cynthia, and Anita S. Mak. "MEASURING SOCIAL SELF-EFFICACY IN A CULTURALLY DIVERSE STUDENT POPULATION." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 26, no. 2 (January 1, 1998): 131–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.1998.26.2.131.

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This paper reports the construction and validation of a measure of social self-efficacy in a range of social interaction situations commonly experienced by tertiary students, including situations posing special concern to recent arrivals to the Australian educational setting. Participants in the first study were 228 undergraduate students. Among these, 91 were Australia-born with English-speaking-background parents (Anglo-Australians), 90 were also Australia-born but had parents from a non-English-speaking-background (NESB Australia-born), and 47 were overseas-born with NESB parents (NESB immigrants). Item and factor analyses yielded a 20-item, 4-factors Social Self-Efficacy Scale for Students (SSESS). The four factors were Absence of Social Difficulties, Social Confidence, Sharing Interests, and Friendship Initiatives. Evidence of the scale's satisfactory internal consistency reliability, and its concurrent and construct validity is presented. Indication of satisfactory test-retest reliability was obtained from a second sample of 16 university students. Applications and directions for further research are discussed.

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Stolk, Yvonne, Stephen Ziguras, Trish Saunders, Robyn Garlick, Geoffrey Stuart, and Guy Coffey. "Lowering the Language Barrier in an Acute Psychiatric Setting." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 32, no. 3 (June 1998): 434–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00048679809065538.

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Objectives: The aim of this paper is to investigate the effectiveness of a training and policy strategy to improve communication opportunities in an acute inpatient unit for patients of non-English-speaking background (NESB) with low English proficiency. Method: A pre- and post-intervention design involved: (i) a survey of the multilingual skills of 80 clinical staff: (ii) recording of patients' ethnic background and proficiency; (iii) pre- and post-intervention data collection of the main outcome measure (communications with patients in a language other than English [LOTE]); and (iv) staff training, and active encouragement, in interpreter use. English proficiency was assessed using the population census proficiency question. Results: Of 257 admissions, 33% were of NESB and 19% preferred to speak a LOTE. The staff survey yielded a 49% return rate and showed that, of 11 LOTEs spoken by patients, seven were also spoken by 17 of the staff. Twenty-nine percent of staff were not clinically proficient in these languages. Compared to the NESB population, a higher proportion of NESB patients rated low on proficiency. Following the intervention, interpreter bookings and booking duration increased significantly. Conclusions: A standard training package and a policy promoting interpreter use improved communication opportunities in an acute setting where language needs are typically poorly met. Failure to ensure effective communicate raises risks of mis-diagnosis and inappropriate treatment. By measuring patients' proficiency directly, the present study identified a higher level of need for interpreter services than estimated by past reports.

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Kifle, T., P. Kler, and S. Shankar. "Immigrant job satisfaction: the Australian experience." International Journal of Manpower 37, no. 1 (April 4, 2016): 99–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijm-02-2014-0053.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to study the level of job satisfaction among Australian immigrants relative to the native-born over time as a measure of their labour market assimilation. Design/methodology/approach – Using the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia panel data set, six measures of job satisfaction are tested using the random effects Generalised Least Squares method with a Mundlak correction. Labour market assimilation is defined by “years since arrival” and also via cohort effects. Findings – The authors find statistical evidence of general job dissatisfaction amongst immigrants in Australia relative to the native-born, driven mainly by non-English Speaking Background (NESB) immigrants, though this dissipates for long-term immigrants, irrespective of English Speaking Background (ESB) or NESB status. Econometric results strengthen these results though improvements over time are only strongly evident for NESB immigrants, whilst results for ESB immigrants remain mixed, and is dependent on the definition of “assimilation”. Originality/value – This paper extends the immigrant labour market assimilation literature by introducing job satisfaction as a measure of assimilation.

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Horvath, Barbara M. "Varbrul analysis in applied linguistics." Australian Review of Applied Linguistics 10, no. 2 (January 1, 1987): 59–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/aral.10.2.05hor.

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Abstract VARBRUL analysis is a well known technique used in sociolinguistics for the analysis of variable linguistic phenomena and it is suggested that it would also be useful as a tool in Applied Linguistics. A VARBRUL analysis was undertaken of the placement of students of non-English speaking background (NESB) in high, average and low English and mathematics streams in N.S.W. high schools. The purpose of the study was to determine whether or not NESB students were over-represented in the low stream. The factor groups analyzed were ethnic background, school subject and country of birth.

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Li, Mingsheng. "Developing Skills and Disposition for Lifelong Learning: Acculturative Issues Surrounding Supervising International Doctoral Students in New Zealand Universities." Journal of International Students 6, no. 3 (July 1, 2016): 740–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.32674/jis.v6i3.354.

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This study examines the acculturative challenges facing non-English speaking background (NESB) international doctoral students in the process of discipline enculturation. Twenty NESB doctoral students at three New Zealand universities from eleven countries participated in the semistructured interviews. The study has found that their transformative learning was the result of happiness, joy, success, and transformative disposition for lifelong learning as well as various challenges, plights and hardships. The dynamic interplay of the dichotomy fosters their intercultural competence, critical thinking, research skills, independence, and academic scholarships, and prepares them for new challenges and multiple academic demands. It is argued that developing capacities and disposition for lifelong learning should be facilitated through disciplinary enculturation, skills development, familiarity with academic conventions, and effective mentoring and healthy supervisor-supervisee relationships.

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Colic-Peisker, Val. "Croatians in Western Australia: migration, language and class." Journal of Sociology 38, no. 2 (June 2002): 149–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/144078302128756552.

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This paper explores the migration experience of two cohorts of Croatian migrants in Australia focusing on the fact that they are non-English speaking background (NESB) migrants. Central attention is given to the intersection of class and ‘living in another language’ (being NESB in Australia). The first cohort migrated in the 1960s and is predominantly working class; the second migrated in the late 1980s and is predominantly professional. It is argued that living in an English speaking environment affects Croatian migrants in practical, cultural, identity and status terms. It determines their life chances, employment prospects and the feeling of belonging to the Australian community. However, the two groups of migrants, being from different socioeconomic backgrounds, are affected in different ways.

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Sawrikar, Pooja, and Caroline J. Hunt. "The Relationship Between Mental Health, Cultural Identity and Cultural Values in Non-English Speaking Background (NESB) Australian Adolescents." Behaviour Change 22, no. 2 (July 1, 2005): 97–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1375/bech.2005.22.2.97.

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AbstractIn Australia, acculturating adolescents from a non-English speaking background (NESB) face two important challenges: developing a cultural identity and establishing a set of cultural values. These challenges are achieved by balancing a native and Australian orientation. It was expected that NESB adolescents who did not achieve these tasks would experience poor mental health. This study focused on adolescents because a significant relationship between cultural identity, cultural values and mental health in this group will highlight a need for sensitivity to such cultural and developmental issues. Two hundred and sixty-three NESB adolescents completed questionnaires that assessed cultural identity (Australian and native), cultural values (individualism and collectivism), state mental health (depression, anxiety and stress) and trait mental health (positive affectivity [PA] and negative affectivity [NA]). Results indicated that high Australian pride and high native pride are associated with lower depression, anxiety, stress and NA, and higher PA. Results also indicated that adolescents high on individualism and collectivism reported lower depression and stress, and higher PA. Furthermore, adolescents with a separated cultural identity (high native pride and low Australian pride) reported the highest levels of depression, but adolescents with separated cultural values (high collectivism and low individualism) reported the lowest levels of depression and anxiety. We concluded that cultural identity and cultural values are differentially related to mental health, and such relationships, albeit moderate, emerge during adolescence.

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Iedema, Rick A. M. "Legal English." Australian Review of Applied Linguistics 16, no. 2 (January 1, 1993): 86–122. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/aral.16.2.05ied.

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In this paper student Case Notes are analysed to exemplify the degrees of linguistic intricacy that come into play within the context of legal discourse – the ‘target discourse1-and to demonstrate that apprenticeship into this particular academic discourse community involves more than familiarisation with content specific material on the one hand and the control of common English structural conventions on the other. The discussion sets out to show that the intricate and often ‘hidden’ (as in ‘not made explicit’) linguistic demands academic discourses impose on NESB students need to be brought out into the open to highlight and clarify the association between specific lexicogrammatical realisations and generic meanings in the discourse. The paper concludes by emphasising the need for linguistically informed assistance for NESB learners at the tertiary level.

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A. Morse, Carol, and Voula Messimeri-Kianidis. "Issues of Women Carers in Australian-Greek Families." Australian Journal of Primary Health 4, no. 3 (1998): 203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py98050.

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Several myths prevail regarding family-based caregiving in migrant groups from non-English-speaking backgrounds (NESB): i) a low need for formal services because of extensive family networks (i.e. informal assistance); ii) NESB groups prefer to 'look after their own' to a greater extent than do Anglo-Australian communities; and iii) caregiving is a 'natural' role for women in migrant families. In 1995 a survey was undertaken of 150 care-giving families in the Australian Greek community in Melbourne, identified from the register of the Australian Greek Welfare Society (AGWS), matched by age and gender with 150 Australian Greeks with no caregiving roles. Health status and social experiences were examined of providing family-based caregiving for a co-resident member with developmental delay, physical and/or mental disorder or frail age.

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Blackford, Jeanine, and Annette Street. "Nurses of NESB working in a multicultural community." Contemporary Nurse 9, no. 1 (March 2000): 89–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5172/conu.2000.9.1.89.

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Hawthorne, Lesleyanne. "Reversing past stereotypes: Skilled NESB women in Australia." Journal of Intercultural Studies 17, no. 1-2 (January 1996): 41–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07256868.1996.9963432.

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Floudiotis, Maria, and Anne Giddens. "Review…: Subject and Career Choice of NESB Youth." Australian Journal of Career Development 5, no. 1 (April 1996): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/103841629600500111.

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Kakar, Sheena Rajesh, Karen Biggs, Charles Chung, Shailendra Sawleshwarkar, Adrian Mindel, Katerina Lagios, and Richard J. Hillman. "A retrospective case note review of sex worker attendees at sexual health clinics in the western suburbs of Sydney." Sexual Health 7, no. 1 (2010): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sh09031.

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Background: Sex workers (SWs) are globally recognised to be at high risk for the acquisition and transmission of sexually transmissible infections (STIs). There is a paucity of published data concerning SWs from the western suburbs of Sydney, with the last published study conducted in 1988. Therefore, we conducted a study to determine the demographics, sexual practices and health care needs of SWs attending Sexual Health Clinics (SHCs) in the region. Methods: Self-identified SWs presenting to SHCs in western Sydney between April 2007 and March 2008 were identified using clinic databases. A case note review was then undertaken. Results: One hundred and eighty-five female SWs were included in the analysis. Ninety-eight (54.5%) were born overseas (predominantly China) and 82 (45.6%) were born in Australia. One hundred and seventeen (68%) were English speaking backgrounds (ESB), while 55 (32%) were from non-English speaking backgrounds (NESB). Seventy-two (38.9%) were symptomatic on attendance, with vaginal discharge the most common symptom. Chlamydia was the most commonly reported STI in the previous 12 months with 28 cases (15.1%). SWs from NESB were significantly more likely to be older, symptomatic, have a hepatitis B diagnosis in the previous year and work more shifts per week, compared with SWs from ESB. SWs born overseas were more likely to be symptomatic than Australian born SWs who, in turn, were more likely to have a hepatitis C diagnosis in the previous year. Conclusion: SWs from NESB would potentially benefit from evidenced-based, culturally and linguistically appropriate interventions and targeted health promotion.

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Samarawickrema, Gayani, and Kaye Cleary. "Block Mode Study: Opportunities and Challenges for a New Generation of Learners in an Australian University." Student Success 12, no. 1 (March 15, 2021): 13–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/ssj.1579.

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This article is an update on a university-wide overhaul of its pedagogy, curriculum and delivery to support the expanding non-traditional, new generation learners while enhancing opportunity and success for traditional learners. The Block Model developed by Victoria University (VU), Australia for its undergraduate cohort, was a bold response to support all students including its high proportion of First-in-family (FiF), low socio-economic status (LSES), and non-English-speaking background (NESB) students. In this radical new hybrid Block model, students study one unit/subject at a time over four weeks. The article reports on preliminary results after two years of implementing the VU Block Model. While both traditional and new-generation cohorts significantly improved their performance, there was a higher improvement in the pass rates of LSES, NESB and FiF students, compared to the improvements in the traditional cohorts of students. These initial results confirm the value of the institution-wide strategy to expand opportunity and enhance success for all.

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DeCourcy, Brendan J., and Julien Bonnel. "Evidence of 3D effects for along shelf acoustic propagation during SBCEX21." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 152, no. 4 (October 2022): A43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0015480.

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The 2021 Seabed Characterization Experiment (SBCEX21) was performed on the New England Shelf Break (NESB) in May 2021 with the main objective of characterizing the NESB sediment geoacoustic properties. In this talk, we focus on low-frequency propagation (f<100 Hz) along the 200 m isobath line. Time-frequency dispersion of normal modes is estimated using a SUS charge signal recorded on a distant single hydrophone TOSSIT system. Geoacoustic inversion is performed, but two-dimensional (2D) acoustic propagation models fail to capture the observed behavior of higher order acoustic modes, and predict much shorter travel times than are seen in the data. By introducing a three-dimensional (3D) model environment, both parabolic equation and modal ray calculations confirm that the gradual shelf slope has a nontrivial influence on modal travel times. This comparison between 2D and 3D simulations of SBCEX21 acoustics and experimental data emphasizes the importance of 3D effects from sloped bathymetry on understanding propagation in a shelfbreak environment. These effects will need to be accounted for when doing geoacoustic inversion of SBCEX21 along-shelf low-frequency data.

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Hammond, Jennifer. "The effect of modelling reports and narratives on the writing of year two children from a non-English speaking background." Australian Review of Applied Linguistics 9, no. 2 (January 1, 1986): 75–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/aral.9.2.05ham.

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Abstract This paper presents data gathered from the third year of a project examining the literacy development of NESB children in their first three years at school. It focusses on the effects of modelling narratives and reports for the childrens’ development of these written genres within a process writing classroom. It suggests hat some genres can be successfully modelled.

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Foster, Lois, and Marta Rado. "Literacy needs of NESB women: Implications for education and training." Journal of Intercultural Studies 13, no. 1 (January 1992): 17–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07256868.1992.9963382.

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Mesuraco, Beatriz. "Open Days for NESB Communities: Primary Prevention for Sexual Abuse." Australian and New Zealand Journal of Family Therapy 23, no. 1 (March 2002): 33–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1467-8438.2002.tb00483.x.

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Houston, Claire. "English language development across the curriculum." Australian Review of Applied Linguistics 10, no. 1 (January 1, 1987): 20–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/aral.10.1.02hou.

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Abstract The article provides information about the English Language Development Across the Curriculum (ELDAC) Project. The ELDAC Project was initiated to develop whole-school responsibility for the English language needs of students of non-English speaking background. The aim was to integrate appropriate language support for NESB learners within all subject areas. The project emphasizes the crucial role that language plays in learning; the relationship between meaning and form; and the need to focus on language development as an integral part of all subjects. The approach is based on a view of language which provides the theoretical framework for the analysis of language demands of high school subjects. A basic tenet of the approach is that the identification of language demands associated with teaching and learning objectives is an essential part of lesson and unit planning and should be reflected in the presentation of content, learning activities, preparation for writing tasks and assessment. Work done by teachers as a result of the project has not only provided necessary support for learning for NESB students but has also resulted in a significant enhancement of the language and learning abilities of many native-speaking students.

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Chambers, Sarah. "Standing Together: A Cross-Cultural Approach to Working with Victim/Survivors of Sexual Assault." Australian Journal of Primary Health 4, no. 3 (1998): 192. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py98048.

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The Western Region Centre Against Sexual Assault (WestCASA) is located in a culturally rich and diverse Melbourne community. As a small agency, with limited resources, we wondered how we could respond to the often silent and unmet needs of victim/survivors of sexual assault from non-English speaking backgrounds (NESB) communities. The Cultural Equity Program (CEP), based on principles of respect and empowerment, strongly advocates a collaborative approach and also recognises the importance of identifying structural, organisational and individual barriers preventing NESB victim/survivors from accessing support and/or counselling. Vietnamese and Filipino workers were invited to be cultural consultants to WestCASA and met regularly during 1996/1997. These meetings enabled the exchange of cultural knowledge/expertise and an opportunity to discuss sensitive cultural issues. Together we also developed a culturally and linguistically respectful community education and training strategy. WestCASA also introduced initiatives for developing a more culturally sensitive practice. The paper presents the CEP as a model of best practice. The ideas and concepts are outlined which have guided us in the design of the developmental framework. We also reflect on our learning which has been rich and inspiring, and comment on the implications for Women's Health Policy.

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Mitchell, Penny, Abd Malak, and David Small. "Bilingual Professionals in Community Mental Health Services." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 32, no. 3 (June 1998): 424–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00048679809065537.

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Objective: This paper presents results from research that explored the roles of bilingual professionals in community mental health services in the Sydney metropolitan area of New South Wales. There were two main objectives to the research: (i) to identify and describe the roles of bilingual professionals that are important in improving the quality of community mental health services for clients from non-English-speaking backgrounds (NESB); and (ii) to identify and describe the factors that facilitate and inhibit the conduct of these roles. Method: Data collection involved indepth interviews with bilingual professionals and team leaders in community mental health services and various other community health services; and various staff responsible for policy and service development with regard to cultural diversity. Results: Bilingual mental health workers were found to have at least four critical roles. These were (i) direct clinical service provision to NESB clients; (ii) mental health promotion and community development; (iii) cultural consultancy; and (iv) service development. Respondents reported that the latter three roles were seriously underdeveloped compared to the clinical service provision role. Conclusions: It is critical that service managers implement strategies to make better use of the linguistic and cultural skills of bilingual professionals. In addition to their role in clinical service provision ways must be found to facilitate the community-focused, cultural consultancy and service development roles of bilingual professionals employed in mental health services.

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Runci, Susannah, Colleen Doyle, and Jenny Redman. "An Empirical Test of Language-Relevant Interventions for Dementia." International Psychogeriatrics 11, no. 3 (September 1999): 301–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1041610299005864.

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The focus of this report is the treatment of persons with dementia who are of a non-English-speaking background (NESB). Noisemaking is one behavioral manifestation associated with severe dementia. It can have devastating effects on persons with dementia by limiting their access to activity programs and social interaction, and is also very distressing for professionals and family carers. It can be especially difficult for carers when they do not speak the first (non-English) language of the person with the noisemaking problem, when the person has lost his or her ability to speak English as the dementia progresses. Behavioral interventions have been found to be successful in decreasing the occurrence of noisemaking in some people with severe dementia. This article reports on a study of an elderly Italian woman with dementia. The study used a randomized, alternating-treatments design in order to determine whether an Italian-language intervention would be more effective in reducing her noisemaking than the same intervention given in English. The main result of the study was that the Italian intervention was found to be significantly more effective in reducing noisemaking than the English intervention. Therefore, this exploratory study provides empirical evidence for the increased effectiveness of an intervention program in the patient's original language. The study also demonstrates the need for individualized intervention programs, particularly for NESB patients living in predominantly English-speaking institutions.

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Turnock, Allison, Simon Morgan, Kim Henderson, Amanda Tapley, Mieke van Driel, Chris Oldmeadow, Jean Ball, et al. "Prevalence and associations of general practice nurses’ involvement in consultations of general practitioner registrars: a cross-sectional analysis." Australian Health Review 40, no. 1 (2016): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah15010.

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Objective To establish prevalence and associations of general practice nurses’ (GPNs) involvement in general practitioner (GP) registrars’ consultations. Methods A cross-sectional analysis from an ongoing cohort study of registrars’ clinical consultations in five Australian states. Registrars recorded detailed data from 60 consecutive consultations per 6-month training term. Problems and diagnoses encountered, including chronic disease classification, were coded using the International Classification of Primary Care, second edition duplication system (ICPC-2plus) classification system. The outcome factor in our analysis was GPN involvement in management of individual problems and diagnoses. Independent variables were a range of patient, registrar, practice, consultation and educational factors. Results We analysed 108759 consultations of 856 registrars including 169307 problems or diagnoses. Of the problems/diagnoses, 5.1% (95% confidence interval (CI) 5.0–5.2) involved a GPN. Follow-up with a GPN was organised for 1.5% (95% CI 1.4–1.5) of all problems/diagnoses. Significant associations of GPN involvement included patient age, male sex, Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander status, non-English-speaking background (NESB) and the patient being new to the practice. Larger practice size, the particular training organisation, and the problem/diagnosis being new and not a chronic disease were other associations. Conclusions Associations with Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander status and NESB status suggest GPNs are addressing healthcare needs of these under-serviced groups. But GPNs may be underutilised in chronic disease care. What is known about this topic? GPNs are increasingly involved in team-based care in Australian general practice. The potential positive contribution of GPNs to general practice teams is acknowledged, but the role of the GPN is still being refined. What does this paper add? GPNs contribute to the care of a modest proportion of patients seen by GP registrars. Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander status and NESB of patients are positively associated with being seen by a GPN; chronic disease is negatively associated with being seen by a GPN. There is geographic variability in prevalence of GPN consultations, not explained by other factors. What are the implications for practitioners? Given the match of GPN skills and attributes to the needs of patients with chronic diseases, GPNs currently may be underutilised in chronic disease care in Australian general practice. The marked geographic variation in uptake of GPNs also suggests scope for greater utilisation of GPNs Australia-wide.

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Barrett, Paula M., Robi Sonderegger, and Noleen L. Sonderegger. "Evaluation of an Anxiety-prevention and Positive-coping Program (FRIENDS) for Children and Adolescents of Non-English-speaking Background." Behaviour Change 18, no. 2 (June 1, 2001): 78–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1375/bech.18.2.78.

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AbstractThis study aimed to (a) appraise the efficacy of a well validated Anglo-Australian anxiety-prevention and stress-resiliency program (FRIENDS) for use with culturally diverse migrant groups residing in Australia, (b) examine the social validity of FRIENDS, and (c) obtain information from both participants and facilitators regarding how the program can best be modified for specific use with non-English-speaking background (NESB) clients. To test the efficacy of the intervention, pre- and post-intervention evaluation of internalising symptoms and coping ability were compared with waiting-list control groups (matched according to ethnic group, gender, and school level). One hundred and six primary and ninety-eight high school students differentiated by cultural origin (former-Yugoslavian, Chinese, and mixed-ethnic) and school level (primary and high school), completed standardised measures of internalising symptoms and were allocated to either an intervention (n = 121) or a waiting-list (n = 83) condition. Both groups were readministered the assessment package for comparison following a 10-week treatment or waiting period. Consistent with a recent pilot study, pre/post-assessment indicated that participants in the intervention condition exhibited lower anxiety and a more positive future outlook than waiting-list participants. Participating students reported to be highly satisfied with the intervention. Despite the overall success of FRIENDS, the program may be enhanced by culturally sensitive supplements so that the program is more applicable for use with NESB participants. Suggestions for treatment program modifications of FRIENDS are discussed.

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Mirza, Tanjina, Gabor T. Kovacs, and Peter McDonald. "The Use of Family Planning Services by Non-English Speaking Background (NESB) Women." Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 39, no. 3 (August 1999): 341–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1479-828x.1999.tb03410.x.

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Borland, Helen, and Amanda Pearce. "Identifying key dimensions of language and cultural disadvantage at University." Australian Review of Applied Linguistics 25, no. 2 (January 1, 2002): 101–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/aral.25.2.08bor.

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Abstract One of the challenges for English language medium universities today is their increasingly globalised student population, as students from around the globe join the members of existing resident ethnic and linguistic groups who have been accessing tertiary education in increasing numbers. In this context it is of growing importance for university policy makers and program developers to be able to identify and assist students who may be experiencing educational disadvantage associated with language and/or cultural factors. In identifying such students and reporting on their educational outcomes a range of terms are used. In the Australian context the term NESB (Non English Speaking Background) has had wide currency. In North America and the UK terms such students have been referred to more commonly as ethnic minority or ESL/EFL students. These broad categorisations are characterised by either partial or indirect focus on the underlying factors that affect students’ success. In this paper we will argue that such students’ academic needs and potential difficulties are best understood by focusing on particular parameters of two key dimensions of their life experience: English language acquisition history and cultural experience. Using some contrasting case studies from among the current student population at one university in Australia, we will illustrate how these dimensions enable us to conceptualise the broad range of experiences of university of these NESB students. We will demonstrate that designing support which effectively targets disadvantage of very different kinds entails a more sophisticated analysis of the sources of student difficulty than categorisations based only on years of schooling or length of residence in the country concerned.

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Pauwels, Anne. "Health professionals’ perceptions of communication difficulties in cross-cultural contexts." Cross-Cultural Communication in the Professions in Australia 7 (January 1, 1990): 93–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/aralss.7.05pau.

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This paper is a first report on an interdisciplinary project dealing with cross-cultural communication in health and medicine undertakebn by the Centre for Community Languages in the Professions. In this paper health professionals’ perceptions of communication difficulties are examined, especially their understanding of the role of language in cross-cultural communication. The project revealed that health professionals who had regular contact with people from diverse cultural backgrounds were aware of the influence culture can exert on the attitudes and the behaviour of NESB people in relation to health care. In general they had some difficulty in establishing the role of language in cultural misunderstandings if both parties (interactants) communicated through the same language.

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Lee, Jongchun, Jangho Lee, Jong-Hyouk Park, Eugene Lee, Kyuyoung Shim, and Heeyon Jang. "Applicability test of broad leaf samples stored at the NESB for biomonitoring of airborne pollutants." Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment 25, no. 6 (December 31, 2016): 532–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.14249/eia.2016.25.6.532.

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Jung, Kyungja. "The Politics of ‘Speaking Out’: NESB Women and the Discourse of Sexual Assault in Australia." Asian Journal of Women's Studies 4, no. 3 (January 1998): 109–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/12259276.1998.11665827.

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Hess, M. "Current Inadequacies in Identifying the Linguistic and Cultural Dimension of Need For NESB Frail Aged." Australian Journal on Ageing 13, no. 2 (May 1994): 87–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-6612.1994.tb00648.x.

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Farnill, Douglas, and Susan Hayes. "Do NESB University Students with Poor English Skills Make Rapid Linguistic Gains in Mainstream Studies?" Higher Education Research & Development 15, no. 2 (January 1996): 261–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0729436960150210.

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Ariani, Nova. "CHALLENGES IN PRESENTING ACADEMIC CRITICISM: CASE STUDY OF INDONESIAN STUDENTS." J-ELLiT (Journal of English Language, Literature, and Teaching) 3, no. 2 (December 31, 2019): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.17977/um046v3i2p27-33.

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Presenting academic criticism in academic papers is one of the most challenging study tasks for students from Non-English-Speaking Background (NESB) countries studying in Australia. Most lecturers in Australian university expect students to engage in critical discussion and put their adversarial position in academic writing. This study investigates the challenges experienced by Indonesian students studying in Australia in presenting academic criticism. Data were collected through questionnaires along with two focus group interviews of Indonesian graduate students in Australia. The study has found that cultural values, socio-political situations, and previous educational experience in Indonesia have contributed to participants’ limited writing experience and limited critical literacy practice. All of these have manifested to their struggle of presenting academic criticism and writing according to the expected dominant discourse in Australia.

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Gonzalez, Mirta. "NESB (Non English Speaking Background) Women and the Criminal Justice System: Justice or Just A Token?" Australian Feminist Law Journal 2, no. 1 (January 1994): 165–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13200968.1994.11077131.

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Mutum, Juliana, Melissa A. Parris, and Uma Devi Jogulu. "“I’m Not Sure if That Was a Cultural Thing”: Stories from NESB Skilled Migrant Women in Australia." Academy of Management Proceedings 2016, no. 1 (January 2016): 14808. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2016.14808abstract.

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Bamford, Vicki A. "Estranged but not strangers: Challenging organisational norms of access for people with disability and people from a NESB." Cosmopolitan Civil Societies: An Interdisciplinary Journal 10, no. 2 (July 27, 2018): 13–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/ccs.v10i2.5938.

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This research investigates organisations' ability to be inclusive. It seeks to isolate the conditions necessary for inclusion of the organisation's publics who identify with disability and who come from a non-English speaking background given they can be estranged. This is achieved through a case study of a service organisation that is obliged to engage with its publics and has a strategy to do so. Data were gathered from the organisation's documentation and interviews with instigators of policies and processes. Feedback from the organisation's clients was collected, focusing on their experience of being engaged and included given norms of inclusion may not be shared. A thematic analysis was undertaken of the data to isolate themes on inclusion. Themes revealed: a culture of inclusion; a policy that encouraged an exchange; and processes established by professionals with expertise to design and promote inclusion beyond their usual publics.

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Argyrous, George. "Book Review: Impact of Contracting Out of Female NESB Workers: Case Study of the NSW Government Cleaning Service." Economic and Labour Relations Review 9, no. 1 (June 1998): 149–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/103530469800900107.

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Watts, Noel, and Andrew Trlin. "Access and equity issues in employment and service provision for NESB immigrants in New Zealand public sector organizations." Journal of International Migration and Integration / Revue de l'integration et de la migration internationale 1, no. 3 (September 2000): 331–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12134-000-1017-1.

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Hawthorne, Lesleyanne. "Migrant engineers’ job interview performance." Australian Review of Applied Linguistics 15, no. 2 (January 1, 1992): 90–119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/aral.15.2.06haw.

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Abstract More than 12,000 migrant engineers have migrated to Australia in the past four years – the majority NESB professionals of prime workforce age selected under the skilled immigration program. These engineers are currently experiencing extreme levels of unemployment – in part due to Australia’s recession, but in part due to disproportionate labour market rejection. This paper examines the critical ‘gatekeeping’ role of the employment interview. It explores the cultural attitudes a range of East European engineers bring to Australian engineering job interview questions – in particular ‘process’ questions (requiring detailed description of knowledge of engineering processes), and ‘self-promotion’ questions (inviting positive presentation of demonstrated professional skills). The paper then analyses the videotaped job interview performance of two East European engineers, who answer such questions poorly in interviews conducted by the Institution of Engineers, Australia. The paper suggests that disparities between country of origin interview strategies and those used in Australia might usefully be targeted as areas for further research. Such research could lead to more effective cross-cultural interview training, while lessening the risk of interview failure.

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Hewagodage, Vineetha, and Shirley O’Neill. "A case study of isolated NESB adult migrant women’s experience learning English: A sociocultural approach to decoding household texts." International Journal of Pedagogies and Learning 6, no. 1 (January 2010): 23–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5172/ijpl.6.1.23.

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McKinley, D. "Nursing care for non-English-speaking background (NESB) families who have a child die in the paediatric intensive care unit." Australian Critical Care 11, no. 2 (June 1998): 54–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1036-7314(98)70445-x.

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Green, D., I. Lindemann, K. Marshall, and G. Wilkinson. "Student Perceptions of a Trial of Electronic Text Matching Software: A Preliminary Investigation." Journal of University Teaching and Learning Practice 2, no. 3 (July 1, 2005): 31–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.53761/1.2.3.4.

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It is accepted that using electronic detection methods has benefits within an overall strategy to promote academic integrity in an institution. Little attention has been paid to obtaining student perceptions to evaluate the cost/benefit of using such methods. This study reports on the evaluation of a trial of Turnitin software. 728 students responded to a survey about their thoughts on plagiarism and being involved in the trial. This study found that students were generally unsure about the benefits and whether the university should use the software. In particular, two groups of students showed significant differences to the rest of the students sampled. While Non English Speaking Background (NESB) students reported higher levels of perceived usefulness of the software, they also reported higher levels of anxiety about the impact on them. Law students reported lower levels of perceived usefulness of the software and higher levels of concern and mistrust. The impact of such perceptions on the learning environment needs to be investigated. Special attention may be needed in introducing such software to different groups of students in order to limit possible deleterious effects and enhance potential benefits.

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Journal articles on the topic 'NESB'

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