Journal articles on the topic 'Nepalese Industries'
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Devkota, Niranjan, Sharad Rajbhandari, Udaya Raj Poudel, and Seeprata Parajuli. "Obstacles of Implementing Industry 4.0 in Nepalese Industries and Way-Forward." International Journal of Finance Research 2, no. 4 (February 16, 2022): 286–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.47747/ijfr.v2i4.488.
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Industry 4.0 is buzzword in recent years and has become a topic of growing importance. It is a new technical framework that has been widely debated and studied and is likely to eventually constitute a fourth industrial revolution because it provides significant progress relevant to intelligent and potential industries in the market. As Nepal has introduced open policies for improving trade conditions in the mid-1980s, industries have to be competitive and capable enough to sustain themselves in such open policies. Such, dependencies can be minimize, and could only be possible, through the increasing the competitiveness of Nepalese industries with the help of use of new technologies. In such context, Nepalese industrial readiness for industry 4.0 is important topic to discuss. This study aims to identify the obstacles of implementing industry 4.0 in Nepalese Industries lies within 3 industrial estates of Kathmandu Valley i.e. Balaju, Patan and Bhaktapur industrial estates. Data has collected data from all 287 running industry from all three industrial estates with the help of questionnaire through respondent interview using KoBo Collect Toolbox. Our study finds that half of the industries (49%) face hurdles while adopting new technologies. Among them, the major hurdles are lack of infrastructure, lack of skilled manpower, lack of capital, poor implementation of policies. Among two third of the respondents think obstacles in implementing industry 4.0 is manageable. Political support, improvement in implementation mechanism and long term strategy are key factors that support industries to invest in new innovative technologies.
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Adhikari, Naba Raj, and Dhan Raj Chalise. "Performance Measurement Practices in Nepalese Telecommunication Industries." Management Dynamics 24, no. 1 (July 4, 2021): 107–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/md.v24i1.47549.
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The main aim of this study was to examine the existing performance measurement (PM) practices in the Nepalese telecommunication industries. Nepal Telecom and Ncell have been selected as a sample of the study. Primary data have been collected through structured questionnaires and telephonic interviews using a five-point Likert scale. The study revealed that Nepalese telecommunication industries had used financial and non-financial measures for performance measurement. The financial measure has got significant use and importance than the non-financial measures. Performance measures have been considered a key managerial tool for evaluating performance. The study revealed that performance measures in Nepalese telecommunication industries had been modified when there were changes in the organization's strategies.
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Ojha, Sateesh Kumar. "Operational Excellence for Sustainability of Nepalese Industries." Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 189 (May 2015): 458–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.03.196.
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Gautam, Meera. "Role of Manufacturing Industries in Nepalese Economy." Management Dynamics 21, no. 1 (February 28, 2018): 34–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/md.v21i1.27002.
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Nepal is an agriculture country major labor force is employed, and contributes nearly thirty percent of GDP. Countries have adopted the policy of industrialization and create jobs for the economic active population. This paper discusses and tries to identify the role played by the manufacturing enterprises. Basically share in GDP, employment, value addition and gender participation. A simple average, straight line growth trend and percentiles are used for the role measurement. The source of data is mainly censuses on manufacturing enterprises conducted in Nepal since first one from1991 to last one in 2012 and Economic Survey. Analysis of the data indicates that the total number of operating establishments is declining, in the same way the total number of employees is also declining. The highest percentages of female workers are engaged as operative workers in all the CMEs. It is realized that whatever the status measured may help to the policy makers or researchers to correlate and analyze further. It is recommended the need of further information is needed on market opportunities and challenges in the past and present, investment and export potential and bottlenecks. This would be useful to entrepreneurs and policy makers alike.
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Kharel, Khom Raj, and Yadav Mani Upadhyaya. "Contribution of Cottage and Small Scale Industries for Boosting Nepalese Economy." Tribhuvan University Journal 36, no. 01 (December 31, 2021): 45–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/tuj.v36i01.43515.
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This study aims to examine how the cottage and small scale industries (CSIs)boosting the national economy of Nepal. As per various studies, CSIs play a great role for empowering Nepalese economy in terms of employment generation, resources mobilization, capital mobilization as well as import substitution of Nepalese foreign trade. The study has explored the contribution of these industries in the diversified areas. Development and promotion of cottage and small industries enhance significant impact on national economy having drastic effects on job creation and resources utilization in Nepal. Descriptive and analytical research design has been applied to analyse the data by using simple statistical tools. The results show that there have been positive influences on employment generation and capital mobilization in Nepalese economy. The study demands that there should be paid more attention toward the development of CSIs for increasing contribution of these industries boosting national economy.
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Shrestha, Prakash. "Employee Perspectives on Decent Work and Job Burnout: Evidence from Nepalese Manufacturing Industries." International Research Journal of Management Science 7, no. 1 (December 31, 2022): 74–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/irjms.v7i1.50629.
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Purpose: This study aims to explore the relationship between decent work and job burnout. Design/methodology/approach: The study employs a structured questionnaire for the survey. It takes into account three factors of job burnout and seven dimensions of decent work to determine whether there is any association between them. The sample includes 600 people from four industrial estates (including 40 manufacturing industries and 15 employees in each) in Nepal. Findings: The findings supported the idea that there is a strong negative link between decent work and job burnout. Adequate working time and workload, meaningful remuneration, and fundamental principles and values at work are the components of decent work that predict a negative association with job burnout best. It seems that employees are more prone to experience burnout when these characteristics, which can be inserted in the many parameters of decent work, are lacking. Employees can combine work and personal duties and progress professionally with decent work and its dimensions. Research limitations/implications: Only a few manufacturing industries among Nepal's four industrial estates are the focus of this research. The findings of this study hence might not apply to all business groups. Practical implications: Decent work dimensions assist in lowering workplace stress among employees. Reduced job burnout improves both work and quality of work life. Originality/value: This research establishes the relationship between decent work and job burnout, to the author's knowledge the first of its kind in the context of Nepalese manufacturing industries.
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Shrestha, Prakash. "Use of Technology and Its Management Issues in Nepalese Industries and Businesses." Nepalese Journal of Management Research 1 (January 31, 2021): 9–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njmgtres.v1i0.37315.
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This paper presents some of the facts regarding the use of technology in Nepalese industries and businesses. This is a research of paper. It uses a set of questionnaires to collect the responses regarding technology management issues. It also reviews and describes scholarly papers, professional research works, and research reports of different national and international organizations to answer the research questions and draw results. Results show that Nepal is rich in many types of traditional technologies. Most of rural businesses are dependent on traditional technology for their activities. The contribution of traditional technology is still important in Nepal’s social-economic sphere and it cannot altogether be neglected. The results also show that the uses of modern technologies are also increasing in Nepal. Regarding modern technologies, information technology (IT), sophisticated technology, biotechnology and tissue culture technology, solar power, computer technology, automation, e-banking, mobile banking, locker facilities, telephone and television, and e-business become popular in Nepalese industries and businesses. The results reveal that lack of political commitment, lack of interactions, the gap between policies and practices, lack of coordination, lack of need assessment, low quality of practical education, low investment in research & development (R&D), inadequate maintenance facilities, the rapid pace of technological change, and non-involvement in decision-making are the key issues related to the management of technology in our context. The focus on R&D is essential for the development of new technologies in Nepal.
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Badal, BP, and Suman Kharel. "Opportunities and Challenges of Tourism Industry in the Context of Visit Nepal 2020." Tribhuvan University Journal 33, no. 1 (June 30, 2019): 67–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/tuj.v33i1.28683.
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Welcoming two million tourists in 2020, is itself a challenge and the challenge from another side is a great opportunity for Nepalese tourism development. Only tourism can transform the nation because other sector of economy requires extensive capital and skillful human resource. Nepal cannot compete with India in Agricultural Production and with China in other industrial productions. Nation’s investment in Agriculture and Industries are in high risks. At this crucial juncture of time Nepal government has announced visit Nepal 2020, which could be a milestone of Nepalese Economic Development. To analyze the challenges and opportunities to welcome 2 million tourists in 2020 the study has been designed. Tourism is a social phenomenon that promotes the movement of visitors to a region or destination in the world with certain natural or artificial features aimed to leisure and rest. Methodologically, it is a qualitative descriptive analysis of available secondary information on Nepalese tourism industry and academia. The method analyzes entire facts qualitatively and interprets the meaning of tourism information.
The tourism industry’s viability is based on its natural and cultural environment. The environment encompasses air, land, water, art, history, architect, festivals, and hospitability of people. The foreign tourists and excursionists’ primary interest in Nepal is to study its culture and nature not dust, dirt, and mismanagement of roads etc. Mayors of local governments must be aware on these issues. Nepal’s unique form of musical expression and cultural vibes are becoming lost resulting in cultural dilution. Accessibilities and identification of tourist circuit along with standard food and well accommodation facilities are prior for tourism development for visit Nepal 2020.
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Karki, Govinda Bahadur. "A Brief Environmental Analysis of Tourism and Hotel Industries and their Impact on Nepalese Base Structure." KMC Research Journal 2, no. 2 (December 31, 2018): 59–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/kmcrj.v2i2.29950.
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This brief academic research paper deals with the evolution and present status of tourism and hotel industry in Nepal. It also incorporates the description about tourism business enterprises, about hotel industries, legal and regulatory framework, and contribution of tourism and hotel industries in country's Gross Domestic Product and the impact of tourism and hotel industries on socio-cultural, economic, political and cultural sectors. The basic thrust of this research paper to analyze environmental/ opportunities analysis of tourism and hotel industries as per the rules, policies and market structures. Domestic and global tourism is now generally considered as one of the largest industries in the world and one of the most significant sources of employment and GDP.
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Sharma, Kishor, Edward Oczkowski, and Sisira Jayasuriya. "Liberalization, export incentives, and trade intensity: new evidence from Nepalese manufacturing industries." Journal of Asian Economics 12, no. 1 (2001): 123–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1049-0078(01)00076-8.
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Khatri, Mukti Bahadur. "Industrial Development in Nepal: Problems and Prospects." Economic Journal of Nepal 41, no. 3-4 (December 31, 2018): 25–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ejon.v41i3-4.35928.
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Industry has historically played an important role in contributing to economic growth and employment of many countries around the world. It is imperative to give high priority to Nepalese labor, skill and raw material based domestic investments to promote national level industries for achieving high employment and economic growth. So, this study examines analytically the industrial development of Nepal for the period 1960 to 2018 based on secondary data. As an outcome of this sector is found to be a more potential sector and contributing a significant role in sustain and wide economic growth in Nepal even in reality it has less contribution as its potential capacity in the past.
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Sharma, Om, and Rajendra Bhand. "Foreign Trade and Its Effects on Nepalese Economic Development." Journal of Nepalese Business Studies 2, no. 1 (September 13, 2006): 13–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnbs.v2i1.51.
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Having with the objectives of understanding the effects of foreign trade on the economic development process of Nepal, this paper attempts to deal the role and the impact of export and import along with many other pertinent factors. The determining factors that have been considered along with export are capital stock, labor force, average propensity to save (APS), relative price index (RPI), ratio of government development expenditure to GDP. Moreover, GDP, PCI, and growth rate of GDP are the assumed development indices. These macro variables are introduced through the application of various econometric models. The empirical results have been estimated by applying annual data for the period of 1974/'75 to 2002/'03. The different models in linear and log-linear forms have justified that exports growth leads to economic growth. Therefore, the policy of adequate investment in export-oriented industries that embody a 'proper mix' of export promotion and import substitutions is suggested.
Journal of Nepalese Business Studies Vol.2(1) 2005 pp.13-32
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Bhandari, Shankar Prasad. "Status of Activity Based Costing System in Selected Dairy Industries of Nepal." Tribhuvan University Journal 28, no. 1-2 (December 2, 2013): 291–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/tuj.v28i1-2.26258.
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Profits and productivity both accelerate by reducing costs through better use of resources. In the current context of globalization, Nepalese Dairies should find out the ways to improve the quality of products along with the strategies of reducing existing costs. This study reveals that Dairy plants are using traditional costing system to recover their overhead cost. However, 37 percent were in favor of ABC in their future plan, 63 percent were satisfied with their existing system of cost accounting. They did not support implementation of ABC in future. Thus the existing system of costing in Dairy industry of Nepal is not effective neither to raise higher rate of profit nor productivity.
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Shrestha, Prakash. "Outsourcing Practices: Benefits and Pitfalls as Perceived by Professionals and Managers." Pravaha 26, no. 1 (June 1, 2020): 135–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/pravaha.v26i1.41868.
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This study aims to examine the promising benefits and pitfalls of outsourcing practices in the Nepalese industries. This paper follows a descriptive research design. By using a selective sampling technique, a total of 555 questionnaires were distributed to the professionals and managers of 37 companies listed in the Nepal Stock Exchange (NEPSE) in different types of industries of Nepal. Based on the empirical results it is found that concentration on core activities and competencies, improve responsiveness to customers, increased flexibility, quality improvements, cost-saving, and accountability are the top-ranked benefits of outsourcing practices in Nepalese industries. Change problems, contract costs, maintaining the relationship, lost opportunity, and loss of distinctive competencies are some of the notified pitfalls of outsourcing practices. Also, the companies may suffer from the lost opportunity because selling a strategic resource may end up costing them in the long-run. Due to outsourcing practices, the companies may suffer from losing public image, quality of service, outsourcer profit, loss of flexibility, and losing control as well. Therefore, the companies should be serious regarding outsourcing decision-making. To get more benefits from these practices companies need to maintain a smooth relationship with suppliers and vendors. They need to select the partners who match to expertise and business scale. They also need to consider the costs and risks associated with such practices. They need to focus on effective communications in terms of cost, time differences, and cultural difficulties and protect intellectual property as well. At the top of all the companies also need to consider customers' attitudes, expectations, and needs.
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Bhattarai, Dhundi Raj. "Generic Strategy and Bankruptcy Risk of Nepalese Enterprises." International Research Journal of Management Science 3 (December 1, 2018): 25–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/irjms.v3i0.28034.
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The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between firm strategy and bankruptcy risk. The research design consists of descriptive and causal-comparative research designs in order to deal with the various issues raised in this study. In addition, this paper uses the Altman-Z score which combines several measures of performance and risk to come up with a score that denotes the bankruptcy risk inherent in a firm. Secondary data has been used collected from annual audit report of concerned organization of manufacturing and hotel industries from fiscal year 2000/01 to 2014/15. Factor analysis, descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and regression analysis are different statistical tools that have been used for this study. Further, cost leadership and differentiation strategies has been constructed from selling, general, and administrative expenses scaled by net sales; net sales scaled by cost of goods sold; net sales scaled by net book value of plant and equipment; and net sales scaled by net book value of plant and equipment variables through factor analysis. By regressing Altman-Z score against relevant control variables and proxies for differentiation and cost leadership strategies, this study has evaluated the relationship between bankruptcy risk and firm strategy. The analysis shows that the enterprises adopting higher selling, general and administrative expenses in association with higher gross profit margin have been pursuing differentiation strategy whereas higher investment on property, plant and equipment along with their existing value indicates that they have been following cost leadership strategy. Value of Nepalese enterprises pursuing cost leadership strategy has a positive effect on reducing bankruptcy risk while pursuing differentiation strategy has a negative effect on reducing bankruptcy risk.
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Khatri, Mukti Bahadur. "Small and Medium Scale Enterprises and their Role in Employment Generation in Nepal." Tribhuvan University Journal 33, no. 1 (May 1, 2020): 129–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/tuj.v33i1.28688.
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SMEs have historically played an important role in contributing to employment generation of many countries around the world. Naturally all businesses start as small businesses or even start out of small businesses initiated by individuals. It is imperative to give high priority to Nepalese labor, skill and raw material based domestic investments to promote national level industries for achieving employment. This study has used regression analysis to investigate relative changes in the position of the Nepalese small and medium scale enterprises (SME's) to the employment between the time period 2046 and 2073 based on secondary data. It has examine the dynamic relationship among the SMEs and employment in Nepal and found to be significant and positive relationship in between SMEs and employment of Nepal. It implies that number of employment was seemed to be mostly influenced by number of SMEs. However it was and still is contributing significant role in employment generation in Nepal.
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Rajbhandari, Sharad, Ghanashyam Khanal, Seeprata Parajuli, and Dipendra Karki. "A Review on Potentiality of Industry 4.0 in Nepal: Does the Pandemic Play Catalyst Role?" Quest Journal of Management and Social Sciences 2, no. 2 (December 15, 2020): 366–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/qjmss.v2i2.33307.
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Background: Industry 4.0 is the revolution of industrial process along with the adaptation of technological changes and advancement. With the passage of time industry 4.0 has been catching the attention of industries all over the world. Various studies and literatures seem to be emerging regarding industry 4.0 around the globe. However, in Nepalese context no study has been conducted on the particular field.
Objective:This study aims to study the current status of industries in Kathmandu valley and analyzes the factors affecting industrial readiness for industry 4.0 amidst the effects of the pandemic. It tries to review the industrial readiness for industry 4.0 in Nepal.
Methods: Systematic literature review was conducted to analyze various literatures around the world along with 20 empirical reviews to make this study more efficient. Also, conceptual framework was developed to draw roadmap of the study.
Results: We found that Nepal has got many problems in adoption of the concept of Industry 4.0. Our study noticed that along with the involvement of much unskilled labor force in industries, lack of infrastructural development and innovation, and ineffective government policy are the vital ones.
Conclusion and implication: This study concludes that Nepal has huge unskilled workers relatively to skilled workers that are means for adaptation of new technologies, replacing manual work and the government from policy level needs to focus on this. This study will be beneficiary for Ministry of Information and technology, Ministry of industry, Ministry of Education, Health and science, Policy makers, Foreign as well as domestic investors, and for authors and graduating students in understanding industries readiness for 4.0 in Nepal.
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Bastola, Dipak. "Measures of Post Covid-19 Pandemics in Hospitality and Tourism Industries." Research Nepal Journal of Development Studies 3, no. 1 (June 25, 2020): 56–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/rnjds.v3i1.29651.
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The study entitled, Measures of post Corona virus pandemics in hospitality and tourism industries, aims to find the impact of the occurrence of corona virus on the tourism industry in Nepal and its preventive measures. The objective of the study is to collect the programmatic ideas to reduce the negative impacts of COVID-19 in Nepalese Tourism and Hospitality Industries. The secondary research methodology- predominantly secondary data has been used- has been implemented for the research. Several pieces of literature, journal articles, research or thesis paper, government documents, etc., are considered to collect the necessary information for the study. For data collection, the secondary data has been collected through extensive literature reviews. In conclusion the need of the hours is to function all stakeholders of this sector in collaborative and coordinated manner not only to mitigate the repercussions of this volatile pandemic but also to formulate short-term, mid-term and long term plans to ease the recovery.
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Jaishi, Bhupal, and Resam Lal Poudel. "Capital Structure and Firm Efficiency of Non Financial Institutions in Nepal." Journal of Nepalese Business Studies 12, no. 1 (December 31, 2019): 19–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnbs.v12i1.28180.
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Capital structure and firm’s efficiency of non-financial companies of Nepal is a less explored research in the Nepalese context. The paper examines the relationship between leverage and efficiency of non-financial firms in Nepal. This paper employs descriptive as well as casual research design to examine the general structure of leverage and efficiency and their relationship too. Secondary data were employed for the study which was extracted from the annual report of respective companies with 60 observations ranging from two to 14 years. The non-financial institution listed in Nepal Stock Exchange is the population of the study. Fifteen companies representing one from trading, three from the hotel sector, five from manufacturing, six from hydro were selected as the sample for the study employing stratified cum purposive sampling method. The variables namely size, tangibility, growth, profitability, leverage and efficiency were analyzed. Descriptive as well as regression analysis was used to assess the relationship among the variables. Different models were used to test the hypothesis. Most of the Nepalese non-financial institution employs both debt and equity in their capital formation. The firms having high leverage are less efficient and more efficient firms’ use low leverage. Nepalese non-financial institutions increase in size, investment intangible assets and profitability does not necessarily increase the efficiency of the firms. The positive relationship between efficiency and tangibility justify that more investment in tangible assets increases the firm’s efficiency. An increase in sales increases the growth rate of nonfinancial firms as suggested by the positive relationship between size and growth. There is no consistency on the impact of size, tangibility, profitability, and growth on leverage among four industries within nonfinancial firms. The major conclusion of this study is that size, tangibility, profitability, and growth are the significant factors in determining the efficiency and leverage of Nepalese non-financial firms. The firms having high leverage are less efficient and more efficient firms use low leverage.
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Khatri, Deepa, and Sumit Bahadur Baruwal Chhetri. "Reducing Sugar, Total Phenolic Content, and Antioxidant Potential of Nepalese Plants." BioMed Research International 2020 (November 15, 2020): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/7296859.
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The aim of the present study was to investigate the reducing sugar, total phenolic content, and in vitro antioxidant activity of 70% ( v / v ) ethanolic extract of seven medicinal plants grown in Nepal. The reducing sugar content and total phenolic content were determined by 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid (DNSA) and the Folin–Ciocalteu method, respectively. The in vitro antioxidant activity was evaluated using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. The reducing sugar content of the studied plant samples ranged from 6.89 ± 2.44 to 674.13 ± 2.43 mg GE/g dry extract weight and the total phenolic content ranged from 14.87 ± 0.41 to 281.71 ± 1.47 mg GAE/g dry extract weight. The reducing sugar and total phenolic content were found highest in Ficus glaberrima. Antioxidant activity was found highest in Melastoma malabathricum (IC50 value = 6.27 μg/mL), followed by F. glaberrima (IC50 value = 11.7 μg/mL). A positive and significant correlation was found between (i) total phenolic content and reducing sugar content and (ii) total phenolic content and antioxidant activity. The present study is the first study for the analysis of reducing sugar content of selected plants and for the scientific exploration of F. glaberrima. The present result suggests that the various parts of these studied plants could be assumed as a rich source of biologically active compounds and considered beneficial for the food and pharmaceutical industries.
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Koirala, Ravi, Sailesh Chitrakar, Amod Panthee, Hari Prasad Neopane, and Bhola Thapa. "Implementation of Computer Aided Engineering for Francis Turbine Development in Nepal." International Journal of Manufacturing Engineering 2015 (August 13, 2015): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/509808.
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The expansion of the existing industries involved in the production of components of hydropower to the Francis turbine manufacturer up to 5 MW unit size has been recognized as one of the most promising business models in Nepal. Given the current fact that the development of Francis turbines with the manufacturers of Nepal has not been done yet, due to lack of designing expertise and limitations in the available technology, this paper presents the use of different available manufacturing technologies, which is suitable in the Nepalese hydropower market. This is an experience based paper, in which the advanced manufacturing process implementing Computer Aided Simulation (CAS), Computer Aided Design (CAD), and Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM) is introduced for turbine manufacturing. Moreover, CAD from Solidworks, 3D printing from Rapid Prototyping Machine (RPM), and manufacturing of three designs by three different methods, dye casting, lost wax casting, and forging in a local workshop, have been described. The outcome of this work is the identification of suitable Francis turbine development methodologies in context of Nepal, incorporating industrial revolution through research based products.
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Shrestha, Rabindra Bahadur. "Nepal’s Water Resources: Blessing or Curse ?" Hydro Nepal: Journal of Water, Energy and Environment 19 (July 26, 2016): 11–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hn.v19i0.15342.
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For half a century, Nepal has been chanting the ‘Mantra’ of 83,000 MW hydropower potential. When Nepal was in its childhood as a young democratic nation in the 1950s, India, with its vast ‘experience’ under the British colonial rule (colonial mindset), extracted lop-sided agreements on the Koshi, Gandaki and Mahakali rivers.Whereas India irrigates 12,200,000 acres of land, flood mitigates flood hazards and benefits from other intangible benefits. Nepal gets a meager 160,000 acres irrigation facility (1.3 percent of total irrigation benefits) from these unequivocal biased agreements. The adverse social and ecological impacts in Nepal are unaccounted for.Such water resource agreements have resulted in the sad present-day plight of Nepal: social life and industries are in total disarray with dismally low economic growth rates (GDP) forcing millions of Nepalese to seek employment abroad.Before it gets out of hand, India’s direct/indirect domination over Nepal’s water resources and politics should end, so that Nepal can develop its economy and hydropower in peace.Nepal should first develop run-of-river projects as per the modality of 456 MW Upper Tamakoshi Hydroelectric Project (cost 1000 US$/kWh) and medium size storage hydropower projects (140 MW Tanahu). Muddling with large storage projects like 1200 MW Budhi Gandaki HEP will only further delay the execution of RoR projects. NEA’s technical capability should be improved to build and oversee hydropower projects and INPS.HYDRO Nepal JournalJournal of Water, Energy and EnvironmentIssue: 19Page: 11- 15
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Acharya, S. "Impact of raising tax rates in GDP growth: The case of Nepal." Review of Business and Economics Studies 9, no. 2 (November 19, 2021): 6–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.26794/2308-944x-2021-9-2-6-15.
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This study is an effort to examine whether there is a potential of variations in tax efforts of different types in making a positive impact on economic growth in a typical developing economy. We take the case of Nepal and analyse 44 years (1975–2018) of time series data of growth and fiscal variables. We conclude that Nepal has already reached its optimal tax GDP ratio. Additional efforts to collect more tax revenue are counter-productive; rather, it should take some other structural measures for higher GDP growth. Implementation of several scenarios of revenue replacement does not have a significant positive impact on GDP; however, minimising the contribution by excise duties but replacing its contribution by income tax has minimal positive impact on GDP. It refers to the need to protect Nepalese infant industries at this juncture of the fiscal-growth discourse of this small developing economy.
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Kafle, Abishek, Pratisthit Lal Shrestha, Raman Silwal, Bhola Thapa, Amul Ghimire, and Sailesh Chitrakar. "Use of 3D Printing technology for developing novel procedure to manufacture runner of Francis Turbine." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1037, no. 1 (June 1, 2022): 012012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1037/1/012012.
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Abstract Turbine having complex profiles has always been a challenge to the manufacturers. With possible errors while manufacturing and surface finishing, it is nearly impossible attaining the same profile of blades or buckets as suggested by the hydraulic design. Specifically in the case of Nepal the manufacturing of Francis turbine runners has been a challenge due to its complex profile and lack of state-of-the-art manufacturing facilities in the Nepalese metal manufacturing industries. Many attempts have been made in the past to manufacture these runners with the available resources. However, the developed turbines have been of smaller size and dimensions and the process used for fabrication have been limited to these small runners. So, for fabrication of the Francis turbine runners a new process has been developed. The process makes use of a rapid prototyping technique called additive manufacturing. The developed method has made the manufacturers easier to manufacture the runners of complex profiles and larger size. The steps from modifications of the cad model to 3D printing and workshop fabrication has been discussed in this paper.
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Chapagain, Arjun. "Swertia chirayita in Nepal Himalayas: Cultivation and Cross Border Trade to China." HIMALAYA 40, no. 2 (November 15, 2021): 134–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2218/himalaya.2021.6583.
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For ethnic inhabitants in the rural areas, medicinal plants are not only the cultural, sacred medicinal ingredients of traditional medicine, part of traditional belief and biodiversity but also an important cash crop to support their livelihood. With the commercialization of traditional medicine and medicinal plant-based industries worldwide, Nepalese medicinal plants are in high demand. This photo essay presents the various steps from the cultivation to the cross-border trade of Swertia chirayita (Roxb.) H. Karst., a traditional valuable medicinal plant, and a beautiful landscape of Nepal-China border. The essay contains fourteen photographs each described with captions in detail with the information collected during field work. The ethnographic study on cross border trade of medicinal plants was conducted in 2020 at Bhotkhola routes in the northeastern Nepal. Bhotkhola-Tibet border control in 2008 has politically ruptured the original link of traditional exchange among people, goods, and ideas by displacing the community from its everyday borderlands. However, the cross border trade is performed by traditional networks of Bhotiya communities such as rural ethnic inhabitants, farmers, small budget dealers, and traditional practitioners through formal and informal supply chains. The government authorities from both the countries are responsible for regulating, monitoring, and permitting medicinal plants supply from harvesters to cross-border traders.
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Kumari Sah, Gunja, and Shiva Prasad Pokharel. "A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF TELECOMMUNICATION SERVICE QUALITY AND CUSTOMER SATISFACTION BETWEEN NTC AND NCELL IN NEPAL." International Journal of Advanced Research 9, no. 06 (June 30, 2021): 34–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/12985.
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Nepal Telecommunication (NTC) and Ncell are the two main telecom players in Nepal at the moment. Ncell has been primarily focused on offering Global System for Mobile (GSM) mobile lines, while NTC offers all types of phone services. Although NTC remains the countrys leading provider of total subscribers, Ncell recently overtook NTC as the countrys leading provider of GSM mobile lines. This study aims to assess customer satisfaction in two highly competitive Nepalese telecom industries and make a comparison based on service quality. Descriptive and inferential tools are used to draw the comparative analysis. The research identifies the security service quality dimension as the major dimension of both telecommunication networks. It also locates reliability service quality of the NTC network is highly correlated with customer satisfaction whereas the security of the Ncell network is highly correlated with customer satisfaction. Tangibles are a high effect on customer satisfaction of NTC whereas security highly affects customer satisfaction of Ncell network. This study will aid the telecommunications industry in general, as well as the service quality, in better understanding their main areas of strength and, as a result, better framing their decision-making strategies to increase customer satisfaction and gain a competitive advantage.
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Pandey, Hemprabha, and Pradyumna Raj Pandey. "Socio-Economic Development Through Agro- Tourism: A Case Study Of Bhaktapur, Nepal." Journal of Agriculture and Environment 12 (February 5, 2013): 59–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/aej.v12i0.7564.
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Socio-economic development of Nepal relies on harnessing the potentials of tourism, handicrafts, non-timber forests, and high-value low-volume agricultural products, and human resources. Tourism and agriculture in Nepal are major elements in this development, acting as revenue generating industries with multiplier effects on the economy and significant employment capacity, which significantly contributes to GDP and rural income generation. Among the mid hill districts of Nepal, Bhaktapur maintains a high potential to benefit from the synergism between tourism, agro-farming, and handicrafts, giving it the internal elements necessary for socio-cultural development. As Bhaktapur has already been included in the list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites, protection and renovation of ancient artistic monuments is essential. For the sustainable development of tourism and agro-eco tourism in Bhaktapur, as well as an umbrella policy of guidelines accompanied by national laws are to be formulated and implemented through communitybased management. In this way Bhaktapur can contribute to the long standing Nepalese desire for a nation building process by utilizing the competitive and comparative advantages of tourism and agriculture opportunities available in the district. The Journal of Agriculture and Environment Vol:12, Jun.2011, Page 59-66 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/aej.v12i0.7564
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Bhatta, Kumar, Prakash Gautam, and Toshinori Tanaka. "Travel Motivation during COVID-19: A Case from Nepal." Sustainability 14, no. 12 (June 10, 2022): 7165. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14127165.
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The tourism industry is one of the most affected industries by the COVID-19 pandemic. Understanding travel motivation is necessary for the tourism movement, even in the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, this quantitative study aimed to explore travel motivation and its determinants. We collected 181 samples through a web-based questionnaire survey of the Nepali people in January and February 2021. The data were analyzed using a probit regression model through two different travel companion perspectives, i.e., traveling with friends and traveling with family members. We found that travel motivation, attributes, travel purpose, and transport mode preferences differed in companion groups. Specifically, those who want to travel with friends are government employees, 20–29 years of age, set health and wellness purposes, choose the bike for transportation, are less willing to visit homestay and agritourism, and want to travel for around one week. Those who plan to travel with family members use the coach to travel, choose rural destinations, including villages, and spend around two weeks. Based on these findings, we suggest that the Nepalese tourism destination and public transport companies make tourism packages targeting the groups. Since both groups showed interest in visiting rural destinations, we can say that tourism in rural destinations may revive earlier than urban tourism after the pandemic. However, a low-risk travel environment should be ensured for traveling to attract more tourists during and the post-disaster.
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Gyawali, Pramod. "Production Trend, Constraints, and Strategies for Millet Cultivation in Nepal: A Study from Review Perspective." International Journal of Agricultural and Applied Sciences 2, no. 1 (June 30, 2021): 30–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.52804/ijaas2021.213.
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Millet cultivation is making a quick comeback in the Nepalese agrarian landscape after years of institutional neglect. Agricultural agencies and farmers ignored these cereals while giving precedence over rice, wheat, and other crops such as oilseeds and pulses. Millets can foster well in poor soil conditions with less water, fertilizer, and pesticides. The main objectives of the study were to assess prospects and potentiality of millet, constraints during farming, and the possible strategies to overcome problems by analyzing the data and secondary literature. Districts in the eastern part of Nepal show dominance in millet production. Millet contains a comparative advantage over other cereals in terms of soil climatic adaptability, drought resistance, insect pest tolerance, and management factors. Further, the health-promoting factors play an important role in tackling food security and malnutrition problems, particularly in mid and high hills. The preference of tourists towards "dhido" has further increased its demand at present. However, lack of domain-specific high-yielding varieties, high preference towards major cereals, and poor marketing infrastructure particularly in marginal areas are the constraints mainly considered for unexpected production of millet. Millet features a high possibility of improving the production which can be supported with subsidy, improving tourism, promoting the millet products with agro-based industries, and motivating the growing farmers. Proper local and national strategies to cope with the limitation will help to uplift millet farming from minor cereals to exportable standards.
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PhD, Dr Uttam Khanal,. "Industrialization of Socialist-Oriented Economy Development in Nepal: Contribution, Possibility and Challenges of Private Sectors." Advances in Politics and Economics 5, no. 4 (November 17, 2022): p50. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/ape.v5n4p50.
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The state produces goods and services to distribute to its citizens and its process is somehow related to social welfare. The government that has created an industry-friendly environment for the establishment of industries to provide goods at a price that people can afford. Investors are invested in the industry by making full use of resources and available materials to provide employment opportunities for industrialization in Nepalese economic development. Investors are not allowed to produce and distribute voluntary goods. The role of facilitator in production and distribution by fulfilling of basic criteria is prescribed by the socialist state. Socialism is believed in the advancement of the human race, the pursuit of equality among all human beings, the end of the system of exploitation of one human being by another, and the establishment of universal love between human beings. Although the government was instructed by the constitution to develop a socialist-oriented economy, the government could not achieve complete success. The policy of the state has to encourage private sector investment, due to inability that makes programs. Nepal has not able to move towards industrialization. If immediate steps could be taken to create an investment friendly environment in the industry to minimize the challenges of problems in the private sector, ample employment opportunities would be created. The government of Nepal has given priority to Indian imports and the policy of imposing higher customs duty on imports of raw materials than manufactured.
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Upadhyay-Dhungel, Kshitiz, and Amar Dhungel. "Corporate Social Responsibility Reporting Practices in the Banking Sector of Nepal." Banking Journal 3, no. 1 (January 27, 2013): 61–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/bj.v3i1.7511.
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Financial institutions not only influence the profit/loss of its shareholders but also drive the economy of the whole nation. So it should be concerned about its social obligation and responsibilities. Social responsibility refers to the obligation of a firm, beyond the required by law of economics, to pursue long-term goals that are good for society. The idea that firms, corporations, and other organizations have social responsibilities leads to the development of the concept labelled as “Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)” and has evoked widespread interests and concerns both in business and among academicians. Banking sector is under massive pressure from its shareholders, investors, media, as well as its customers to carry out business in a socially responsible and ethical manner. This descriptive study attempts to analyse CSR reporting practices in banking sector of Nepal. For the purpose, ten commercial banks and 4 development banks were selected randomly and their website was scanned to collect data developing a Report Sheet. The total CSR reports were outlined and categorized into different groups. Later on quantitative analysis was also performed and presented using suitable statistical techniques. This study found that CSR is not mandatory in Nepal and all the banks that have made the disclosure of social responsibility have done it in voluntary basis. Among the disclosed information education, training and welfare of underprivileged; arts/heritage and culture protection; contribution to associations, clubs and other organizations; contributions to healthcare and environment; etc were the most commonly reported CSR activities. Child and women developments, religious activity, games and sports activities, blood donations were also among the thrust area for CSR reporting. The disclosures were mostly qualitative with exception of donation and sponsorship amounts. The analysis also shows that most of the Nepalese banks, especially public sector banks, do not mentyion CSR explicitly on their websites. This study strongly recommends the development of uniform standards and framework for reporting of CSR activities, which could be applied to compare it at national levels with other banks and/or industries as well as for the international comparisons. Bank can play a leading role to establish the CSR concepts in Nepalese business and corporations. It is expected that this paper will stimulate more studies in this direction. More such studies should be conducted, especially on developing countries like Nepal, where CSR is at an infant stage of development. In addition to tracing the trend of social disclosure, impacts of social and economic developments on CSR practices, there is also a need to develop a framework for CSR reporting. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/bj.v3i1.7511 Banking Journal Vol.3(2) 2013 pp.61-78
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Shrestha, Pradip Kumar. "Trade Liberalization Process and Its Impact on Agriculture Sector in Nepal." EFFORTS, Journal of Education and Research 4, no. 1 (March 30, 2022): 52–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ejer.v4i1.44172.
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This study examines the process of Nepal's trade liberalization and its impact on Nepalese agriculture sector. It explains and analyzes the various economic policy reforms undertaken in Nepal including trade, fiscal, industrial, and financial reforms; and explains how these reforms supplemented one another to promote trade liberalization. It is descriptive and analytical study. Simple descriptive statistical tools were used to analyze the impact of trade liberalization on agriculture sector in Nepal. The study finds that trade liberalization has not caused any significant changes in the position of Nepalese agriculture sector. It means a condition of Nepalese agriculture has not been improved and it is being deteriorated. Similarly, export/import ratio has been further decreased continuously after trade liberalization implying that power of export of agro product to purchase import of agro product is continuously diminishing. Similarly, there is continuous trade deficit in food item and live animal after trade liberalization. Role of agriculture in the economy has been decreased. It has increased the dependency on foreign agricultural products.
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Sharma, Kishor. "Impact of Liberalisation on Industrial Structure: The Nepalese Experience." Economic Analysis and Policy 30, no. 2 (September 2000): 189–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0313-5926(00)50020-4.
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Ghimire, Shree Ram. "Environmental Concern in Nepalese Agriculture." Journal of Agriculture and Environment 9 (August 2, 2009): 41–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/aej.v9i0.2115.
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Semi traditional to early commercial agriculture system of Nepal has now its economic move in transition from agricultural to early industrial track of economic development. An attempt has been made to assess the relationship between the emerging modern agriculture practices and environmental depletion. Some of the developmental challenges of Nepal like small land holdings, weather dependent farming systems, low per capita income, underdeveloped physical infrastructures and inefficient bureaucratic procedures are associated with comparatively higher cost of agricultural production. Natural disasters and human induced environmental degradation are closely associated with improved farming systems. Nepal has preferential ways of producing niche agricultural products by exploiting its inherent diversified climate to cope with the global open market challenges. Competitive agribusinesses along with the adoption of environmental protection measures keeping the strategy of import substitution and export promotion are the ways for sustainable agriculture development in the country. Key Words: Competitive agri-business, development infrastructures, environmental depletion, open-global market, sustainable developmentThe Journal of Agriculture and Environment Vol:.9, Jun.2008 Page: 41-45
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Bahadur K.C, Fatta, and Indra Kumar Kattel. "Comparative Analysis on the Sources of Credit Risk in Nepalese Commercial Banks." Asian Finance & Banking Review 1, no. 1 (September 29, 2017): 17–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.46281/asfbr.v1i1.2.
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The study was conducted to find out the significant differences between state-owned bank and private sector bank in the practice of measuring the sources of credit risk. This paper attempts to ascertain the perceptions of Nepalese bankers about the importance of identification practice of credit risk sources within the specific borrowers. The result of the study indicates that the collaterals, characters, capacity, capital, condition, legality of the business, economy of the country, business environment and industrial relation were consider as a sources of credit risk in Nepalese banking sector. The result shows that level of the credit risk sources were disparity the Nepalese commercial banks. In addition, Collaterals provided as a security by the borrower, characters of the borrower, capacity, legality of the business, economy of the country and industrial relation were found significant predictor for the sources of credit risk. Moreover, there was a positive relationship between identification practice and sources of credit risk.
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Tulachan, Bojindra Prasad. "Why is the Nepalese labor force so strong in a global context of decline? Shedding light on the unexplored characteristics of Nepalese labor relations." Employee Relations: The International Journal 43, no. 1 (September 3, 2020): 15–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/er-02-2020-0068.
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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to shed light on the unexplored characteristics of labor relations in Nepal against the backdrop of social exchange theory as it relates to labor relations.Design/methodology/approachThe paper considers the psychological contract of promises and expectations from the social exchange theory on the ground in Nepal. To do so, the paper adopts an inductive method of investigation and reviews dispersed and unstructured archival data.FindingsIn terms of the psychological contract of promises and expectations, Nepalese workers and trade unions appear to have constituted a pressure group since they aligned themselves with Nepal's political parties. Consequently, the legal labor framework and behaviors of trade unions have produced highly politicized labor relations; very high and dense union memberships; vocal unions; a labor-supportive legal framework; union-influenced government and union-driven enterprise-level collective bargaining and collective dispute settlement.Originality/valueThe paper claims that although the system framework has flimsy prospects elsewhere in the world, it is strong in Nepal as a result of the recent Labor Act of 2017. For this very reason, the paper argues that Nepal's trade unions are in their sturdiest position ever and, therefore, that the country has evaded the crisis experienced in advanced and emerging economies in other parts of world. In theoretical terms, the article contributes from the social exchange theoretical perspective to the literature on the psychological contract of promises and expectations. It also has a bearing on emerging discourses and debates about the revitalization or reshaping of traditional industrial relations.
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Acharya, Khubi Ram. "Nepalese Foreign Trade: Growth, Composition, and Direction." NCC Journal 4, no. 1 (July 5, 2019): 91–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/nccj.v4i1.24741.
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The objective of this article is to study and analyze the growth, composition, and direction of the Nepalese foreign trade. This is descriptive a study that uses secondary sources of information. The analysis is based on simple statistical tools like ratio and percent. This study finds the very low export performance of Nepal. This is creating the problem of rapidly increasing trade deficit. Nepal is also unable to diversify its trade in terms of countries and commodities. The major causes of increasing trade deficit are low export, and high import, low-quality products, improper trade policy, higher cost of production, lack of publicity and advertisement, low production, slow industrial development, lack of trade diversification, etc. Nepal can reduce its trade deficit by diversification of its trade in terms of commodities and countries.
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Sharma, Sumit, Peter D. Fowler, Dhan Kumar Pant, Subir Singh, and Melinda J. Wilkins. "Prevalence of non-typhoidal Salmonella and risk factors on poultry farms in Chitwan, Nepal." Veterinary World 14, no. 2 (February 20, 2021): 426–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2021.426-436.
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Background and Aim: Poultry is becoming an increasingly important source of protein in the Nepalese diet. The Chitwan region of Nepal is the hub of the emerging poultry industry. Little is known about the prevalence of non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS) on poultry farms or the role of farm management practices that may contribute to the presence of NTS on farms. The role of poultry in the transmission of Salmonella enterica to humans is also poorly defined. This descriptive study seeks establish baseline data through estimation of the prevalence of NTS on broiler and layer operations in various farms of the Chitwan district of Nepal. Materials and Methods: Based on district documents on poultry production and meat marketing, a purposive sampling of 18 commercial poultry farms comprising ten broilers farms and eight layers farms was conducted. Environmental samples including water, litter, feces, feed, farm, and eggshell swabs were randomly collected from each farm. Samples were cultured and tested for the presence of NTS; positives were serotyped, and antimicrobial susceptibility determined. A comprehensive farm and practice questionnaire was administered to each farm manager. Results: The farm level point prevalence rate was 55% (10 of 18 farms) for S. enterica. Of the total 288 farm environmental samples collected, 26 samples (9%) were positive. The rate of isolation varied according to the origin of samples: Water (27.5%), feces (10.6%), litter (8.6%), farm swabs (5%), feed (1.8%), and eggshells (0%). Farm management variables/risk factors are summarized and categorized as non-modifiable and modifiable for analysis. Broiler operations were more likely to be positive than layer operations as were poultry houses with two or less open sides. All-in/all-out management style was found to be protective. Due to the small sample size (18 farms), no associations reached statistical significance. Conclusion: Based on environmental sampling results, NTS is highly prevalent on the poultry farms in the Chitwan district of Nepal. Certain risk factors are associated with finding NTS on farms. Our findings are generally in agreement with other studies in similar countries with rapidly emerging poultry industries. The identification of risk factors provides owners, technicians, and veterinarians with some guidance to help reduce the prevalence of NTS on farms. This baseline data are critical to understanding the epidemiology of zoonotic strain of NTS in the region and are necessary for the design of future studies and mitigation plans and underlines the need for a one-health approach to protect public health-related to Salmonella spp. from poultry farms.
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Kondos, Alex, Vivienne Kondos, and Indra Ban. "Nepal's industrial capitalist class; ‘origin’ and ‘behaviour’." South Asia: Journal of South Asian Studies 15, no. 1 (June 1992): 81–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00856409208723161.
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Kharel, Khom Raj, and Dhan Raj Chalise. "A comparative study of contribution of fdi and domestic industrial investment in nepalese economy." TRANS Asian Journal of Marketing & Management Research (TAJMMR) 10, no. 1 (2021): 4–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2279-0667.2021.00001.8.
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Kayastha, Bhuwan, Shahjan Raj Giri, Bibek Gurung, and Om Biju Panta. "Ultrasound fetal biometry in third trimester in urban Nepalese population." Nepal Mediciti Medical Journal 2, no. 2 (December 8, 2021): 50–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/nmmj.v2i2.41274.
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INTRODUCTION: Fetal biometry is an important component of fetal growth surveillance and can detect small for gestation age fetuses. However, we use growth curves from studies done in other high-income countries and do not have a standard of our own. This study aims to study the deviation of biometry and expected fetal weight from these curves in pregnancy with normal birth weight term deliveries.
METHODS: The study was a retrospective hospital record-based study including term delivery from 2018 May to 2020 January. All lowrisk patients visiting ultrasound OPD in our hospital in 3rd trimester were retrieved and included in the study. Patient with low AFI, major fetal anomaly, abnormal fetal heart rate, preterm delivery, birth weight less than 2500 gm (low birth weight), intrauterine fetal demise, preeclampsia or other complications were excluded from the study. Fetal biometry and expected fetal weight were evaluated. Data was entered in predesigned performa and analysis was performed with IBM SPSS 20.0.
RESULTS: A total of 590 ultrasound examinations done in 372 patients were included in the study. Mean age of the patients was 30.78+/-3.98 years, median age was 30 years (IQ range-5). Approximately 316(53.6%) patients were under 30 years of age, 198(33.6%) patients were between 30-35 and 76(12.9%) patients were above 35 years. Median gestational age at birth was 39 weeks and median birth weight was 3120 grams. Median and percentile for various biometry was calculated. EFW was below 50th percentile in 424(71.9%) according to WHO chart. The median percentile for EFW was 30.6 (IQ-33.6).
CONCLUSION: Expected fetal weight in Nepalese population is smaller than that predicted by WHO chart. Development of country specific fetal growth curve is recommended for accurate fetal growth surveillance.
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Khanal, Nirdosh. "Impact of Corona Virus pandemic on Different sectors of Nepalese Economy." Management Dynamics 23, no. 2 (December 31, 2020): 243–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/md.v23i2.35825.
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Novel coronavirus (COVID-19) causing persistent drumbeat of positive tests and reported deaths across the globe, has created widespread crisis in Nepal as well. The crisis has already led into an economic and labour market shock, impacting both on demand and supply chain. Due to the outbreak of this deadly coronavirus, Nepal has started to suffer the most abrupt and widespread cessation of economic activity. The goal of this paper is to study the emerging and rapidly growing literature on the impact of COVID-19 on various economic and social sectors and to synthetize the insights emerging from a very large number of studies. This study summarizes the literature on the socio-economic consequences of corona virus and consequent lockdown imposed by government on Nepal. This study revealed that COVID-19 has negatively impacted macro economy of country lowering national GDP, decreasing revenue collection, slowing economic growth rate, decreasing wage rate, price inflation and causing loss of employment opportunities. The study showed that almost every sector of socio-economics has been slowed down that adversely effect on country’s economy. The effect are identified on Remittance, Labour and Employment, Tourism, Education and Agriculture (Dairy, vegetables and Poultry) .The uncertain impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Nepal’s social economy will magnify depending on how events unfold on three fronts; i) its dependence on tourism, trade, and foreign employment and the consequences that will propagate through the services and industrial landscape; ii) if or when the spread of the pandemic overwhelms a grossly inadequate health infrastructure and antivirals or vaccine become available and iii) Nepal’s heavy geo-economic reliance on India and China, and the nature of contagion in those countries.
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Subedi, Salik Ram. "Contributions of Guthi System for the Protection of Heritage." Journal of Advanced College of Engineering and Management 7, no. 01 (August 25, 2022): 133–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jacem.v7i01.47771.
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The main objective of this article is to illustrate the roles of the Guthi system in Nepalese society. The paper discusses the contribution of Guthi system for the protection of heritage in the Kathmandu Valley. Effects of technological advancement on the ability of the Guthi system to preserve and maintain tangible and intangible cultural heritages of Nepal are yet inalienable aspects of the research. The Guthi system seems to have been focusing on the preservation of the religious, cultural, and social services along with organizing and performing rituals, Jatra, festival, chariot, worshiping deities, promotion, and protection of temples and monasteries. The establishment of the Guthi system was based on the social and cooperative promotion of such cultural and religious aspects. This system has endured a number of centuries the backbone of Nepalese culture and community. Guthi endowments were/are given to religious and charitable institutions. Lands are granted in order to maintain temples, hold religious ceremonies, support the population, and so on.
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Lamichhane, Shobha Kanta. "Public Communication on Science and Technology." Himalayan Physics 5 (June 29, 2015): 12–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hj.v5i0.12816.
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'Comfort living' is the indicator of the development of a nation. Comfortable and prosperous living cannot be imagined without proper use of science and technology (S&T). And, technology cannot survive without a strong foundation of development in science. S&T research in nanotechnology promises breakthrough in medicine and healthcare, energy and environment, nanoelectronics and national security etc. It is widely felt that nanotechnology will be the next industrial revolution. We Nepalese people are unfortunate since we don't have proper national planning in S&T and let it be keep into least priority. The Himalayan Physics Year 5, Vol. 5, Kartik 2071 (Nov 2014)Page: 12-16
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Bhuju, D. R., R. B. Thapa-Parajuli, P. Sharma, and P. Aryal. "Nepal's green economy initiative and framework proposed." Nepal Journal of Environmental Science 2 (December 8, 2014): 15–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njes.v2i0.22737.
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Some initiatives on green economy have taken place in Nepal, albeit mainly in the forms of dialogues and seminars on the subject. The National Planning Commission, with support of the Poverty Environment Initiative Programme, has organized a few discussion programmes on the subject in recent years. Different non-governmental organizations and the private sector have also organized dialogues on the subject. Among others, these dialogues and seminars have helped spur the debate on what a green economy means for Nepal, which are the sectors that could potentially contribute to a green economy and hence need to be promoted, and what roles different stakeholders should play in Nepal’s pursuit of a green economy. Majority of the people living in Nepal are dependent on agriculture and forestry for their livelihoods. These sectors have not contributed much to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The state of industrial development in the country has not been to the desired extent, and therefore, GHG emissions thereof are very minimal. That is not to say, however, that Nepal is free of environment-related problems. Environmental degradation has been ever increasing; urban population is constantly on the rise and environmental problems are rising commensurately; modern agriculture and unsustainable forestry management practices in many cases are adding to environmental woes; among others. Given that the world is increasingly resorting to a green economy path, Nepal needs to adopt green economy policies to be competitive in the world market. Hence, there is a need to have organized structures to steer the debate on green economy approaches that are applicable in the Nepalese context. Many sectors in Nepal, such as agriculture and forestry, are already green. Moreover, Nepal is yet to enter into the industrialization phase. Therefore, it is relatively easier for the country to take a greener approach to industrialization and development than for many other countries that need to revisit their traditional approach. Nepal can take the initiative of going green by focusing first on three major sectors: agriculture and forestry; infrastructure and energy; and tourism.
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Adhikari, Naba Raj. "Accounting Practices of Small and Medium Sized Manufacturing Enterprises (SMEs) in Nepalgunj Industrial District." PYC Nepal Journal of Management 13, no. 1 (September 25, 2020): 33–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/pycnjm.v13i1.31494.
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The study aims to examine current status of accounting practices in Nepalese small and medium sized manufacturing firms, basing the study on the primary data followed by survey research method. The study concentrated on 18 firms out of 30 manufacturing SMEs as the study area, located in Nepalgunj industrial district. Through self-designed questionnaire comprised into five point Linkert scale, data was collected from managers, owners, and accounting officers of SMEs. The findings revealed that majority of SMEs have been following manual accounting system, and also have been internally preparing their financial accounting statements from accounting experts. In terms of maintaining accounting information, the study reached a conclusion that tax assessment and business performance are key motivational factors. Traditional accounting indicators have got the highest usage, and also viewed as the most usefulness for performance measurement. This study provides more understanding on the accounting practices of manufacturing SMEs that can be used for further research regarding accounting practices in cross industrial district as well as cross country comparisons to provide rich information.
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Kharel, Khom Raj, Yadav Mani Upadhyay, and Dipak Bahadur Adhikari. "Trade Liberalization in Nepal: Analysis of Its Impact." Butwal Campus Journal 4, no. 1-2 (December 31, 2021): 25–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/bcj.v4i1-2.44983.
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The objective of this study is to examine the impact of trade liberalization on Nepalese economy over the period 1990-2018. As per studies, trade liberalization increases the areas and size of foreign trade. Nepal has introduced the economic and trade liberalization policy in mid-1980s and started to liberalize its trade and investment after 1990s. After the adoption of economic liberalization, the flow of foreign trade, economic growth of Nepal has been significantly increasing. The impact of trade liberalization on economy is measured in terms of economic growth, trade tax, industrial GDP and ratio of trade tax to total size of trade of Nepal by applying simple and multiple regression models. In Simple regression model, four equations show a positive correlation between INGDP and import, export, total trade, EOI inflation rate.
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Dahal, Arjun Kumar, and Bijayahari Khatiwada. "Industrial Sector output and Its Relationship with Government Expenditure, Credit, and Foreign Aid in Nepal." International Journal of Business, Management and Economics 2, no. 2 (August 22, 2021): 134–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.47747/ijbme.v2i2.306.
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The study's goal is to look into the state, long-run relationship, and casual link of government spending, commercial bank lending, and foreign aid to Nepal's industrial sector output. The research design for this study is descriptive and analytical. The secondary data are processed using Excel and EViews10 software from 1989/90 to 2018/19. The Johnsen Co-integration test and Granger Causality test describe and analyze the relation and causal impact of variables. The credit of commercial banks highly influences industrial output. The industrial sector output, government expenditure, loans, and foreign aid were Co-integrated or had long-run association ship. This paper contributes to the policy debate on whether government expenditure and foreign support to the industrial sector are justified or not. The author is unaware of another study, finding, and location related to industrial output and its affecting factors like government expenditure, loans, and foreign aid.
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Shrestha, Roman Man, and Ajay Khadka. "Examining the Efficiency and Effectiveness of Alternative Material for the Interlocking Prefabricated Sandwich Panel." SCITECH Nepal 15, no. 1 (December 28, 2020): 27–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/scitech.v15i1.49100.
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The paper shows the effective utilization of non-degradable waste material like the hair of humans, Expanded Polystyrene Spheres (EPS), and rice husk fly ash to a final product Fiber-reinforced concrete panel. Concrete fracture, catastrophic failure, spalling of concrete and non-quake resistance, with the application of a load are major problems of the current scenario in the concrete world (Mindess, 2009). This paper tries to solve this type of problem by using the natural fibers and some additives which are under patient right. The researcher of this paper has developed a prefab panel which may be the substitute product of brick, ACC block, interlocking block, EPS panel, and local prefab panel. The utilization of industrial waste to usable products for construction is a major challenge that the researcher has taken. The paper shows that product can be made economical and able to reduce environmental challenges. Ingredients like human hair, EPS, chemical agent, cement, fly ash, water, and fiberboard are utilized in a certain time and fixed condition to complete the formation of the Fiber-reinforced concrete panel. The panel was found to have multi-function like a light in weight, fireproof, and flexibility which was its main USP (Unique Selling Point). The researcher thinks this product might change the perception of Nepalese customer, who thinks prefab as a costly and less strength product. Nepal political instability and dependent culture on foreign country shows an impossible possibility to use an artificial fiber and imported fly ash (ITC, 2017). This paper also presents the Nepalese market perception through the business model canvas, a business strategy that can be taken, hindrance, and the possibility to use human hair fiber, fly ash and recycled EPS to complete finished goods.
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Aryal, Pabitra. "From Green to REDD-Ready to Trade: Discussion On REDD In Nepal's Community Forestry." International Journal of Environment 4, no. 1 (February 22, 2015): 101–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ije.v4i1.12181.
Full textAbstract:
Carbon emission increases at an early stage of industrial expansion as a transition from overdependence on agriculture. Such industrial transformation is heavily dependent on energy-intensive technologies. Moreover, the degree of environmental awareness is very low in developing countries. According to the Environmental Performance Index 2012, Nepal is among the strongest performer. A new international carbon trade mechanism, called ‘Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Degradation’ (REDD), has been proposed to curb global Greenhouse Gases (GHGs) emissions. Carbon trade entails the idea that industrialized countries pay developing countries to reduce deforestation and forest degradation. Nepal’s community forestry can reap benefits by participating in REDD, but it requires addressing a range of issues and challenges to mitigate underlying causes of deforestation and forest degradation. Ultimately this type of program would encourage local people for conservation and sustainable use of forest resources.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ije.v4i1.12181International Journal of Environment Volume-4, Issue-1, Dec-Feb 2014/15, page: 101-111