Academic literature on the topic 'Nepalese families'
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Journal articles on the topic "Nepalese families"
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Singh, Mehta Kalu. "Dealing with Cultural Identities: A Study of Nepalese Families in Tokyo." Contemporary Research: An Interdisciplinary Academic Journal 5, no. 1 (October 25, 2021): 51–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/craiaj.v5i1.40482.
Full textAbstract:
In recent years, the Nepalese migrant population in Japan has increased exponentially. The number reached 88,951 in 2018, becoming the largest south Asian population in Japan. This number includes people in various visa categories: skilled labor, engineer, business, dependent, student and so on. The number of school children lies somewhere around 10,000. A child born and raised in a culture different to their parents’ culture goes through a complex cultural identity formation process. In this context, this paper explores children’s cultural identity development and promotion by migrant Nepalese families in Tokyo. In particular, it examines which cultural identities they are prioritizing and how they are developing host cultural identities while maintaining their native culture. The experiences of these migrant Nepalese parents were collected through in-depth interviews with 45 parents. The responses suggest that these parents are prioritizing the promotion of a Nepalese cultural identity for their child(ren). Parents focus on promoting and participating in Nepalese festivals, cooking Nepalese food at home, and meeting other Nepalese families in Japan. However, almost every parent expressed their desire for the development of a multicultural sense in their child(ren).
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Donahue, Mark. "A typological investigation of Nepalese languages." Gipan 4 (December 31, 2019): 30–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/gipan.v4i0.35454.
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The languages of Nepal are established as belonging to four families, with the recent addition of Austroasiatic speakers in the east. This paper moves away from language classification into genealogical families, and examines the classification of the languages of Nepal by examining their morphosyntactic features and applying computational methods.
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Mahat, Pashupati, Kevan Thorley, Karuna Kunwar, and Smriti Ghimire. "Mental Health Problems in Nepalese Migrant Workers and their Families." Journal of BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences 4, no. 1 (June 30, 2021): 64–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jbpkihs.v4i1.36081.
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In this cross-sectional study, we aimed to describe the mental health problems of Nepalese migrant workers and their family members at home in Nepal. Families of migrant workers left behind in Nepal from nine project districts were interviewed to assess the psychosocial problems and offered appropriate psychosocial counselling. We assessed 747 individual members. Ninety-five returned migrant workers received psychosocial counselling, 67% of whom were male. The majority (56%) of the returnees suffered from anxiety, 23% had depression and 11% had serious mental illness. The left-behind family members amounted to 653, 93% of whom were female. The majority (56%) had anxiety, 26% had depression, 7% expressed suicidal ideation or had attempted suicide, 2% had severe mental illness. We concluded that majority of returning workers and left behind family members suffered from anxiety and depression.
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VALENZUELA-SILVA, PILAR, and MONIT CHEUNG. "NEPALESE LIVING IN HONG KONG: SOCIAL EXCLUSION AND HIGHER EDUCATION ENHANCEMENT." Hong Kong Journal of Social Work 50, no. 01n02 (January 2016): 47–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021924621600005x.
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With a focus on research conducted after Hong Kong reunited with China in 1997, this paper documents how the Nepalese immigrants living in Hong Kong processed their decision to either stay in Hong Kong or return to their home country. A review of 40 studies targeting Nepalese immigrants who chose to stay in Hong Kong found that these families were primarily influenced by: 1) their immigration history, including their roles as Gurkhas in the Hong Kong military and their contributions to the local labor force, and 2) their quality of living in Hong Kong versus Nepal. Among these 40 studies, only seven offered statistics with direct input from Nepalese research participants. Their responses show that the three different generations of Nepalese living in Hong Kong, while contributing to the cultural richness in Hong Kong, have experienced profound social exclusion. This article seeks to compile research findings to define issues facing Nepalese in Hong Kong and offers suggested solutions to the question: How can social workers help Nepalese in Hong Kong obtain economic and educational opportunities to enhance their quality of life? Implications for further research and social service interventions are explored with attention to social inclusion and promoting higher education opportunities.
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Hailu, Meseret F. "Postsecondary schooling ideologies of Nepalese American families in the United States." New Directions for Higher Education 2020, no. 191 (September 2020): 21–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/he.20379.
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Vaidya, Buddha Laxmi, and Laxmi Manandhar. "Chromosome Numbers of some Nepalese Flora." Journal of Natural History Museum 28 (December 19, 2015): 18–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnhm.v28i0.14164.
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Previous and present chromosome counts of 10 Nepalese taxa within 7 families viz. Amaryllidaceae, Asteraceae, Caricaceae, Leguminosae, Nyctaginaceae, Passifl oraceae and Scrophulariaceae are reported here. Diploid or haploid chromosome numbers of the taxa collected from the local gardens of Kathmandu are n=15 in Agapanthus africanus (L.) Hoffmanns (Amaryllidaceae); 2n=48+3B in Allium tuberosum Rottler ex Spreng. (Amaryllidaceae); 2n=18 in Artemisia indica Willd. (Asteraceae); 2n=27 in Carica papaya L. (Caricaceae); 2n=16 in Cicer arietinum L., 2n=14, 21 in Pisum sativum L., 2n=12 in Vicia faba L. (Leguminosae); 2n=28 in Bougainvillea glabra Choisy (Nyctaginaceae); 2n=18 in Passiflora edulis Sims. (Passifloraceae) and 2n= 34 in Bacopa monnieri (L.) Pennel (Scrophulariaceae) in the present research. Of these, the chromosome count of Bougainvillea glabra in this research is perhaps the new report. The reports of chromosome number in Artemisia indica, Carica papaya and Bacopa monnieri in the present investigation are confirmed to be different from the previously reported numbers for these taxa. The chromosome number of Agapanthus africanus, Allium tuberosum, Cicer arietinum, Passiflora edulis, Pisum sativum, Vicia faba in the present research tally with the previous reports. The present counts in Bacopa monnieri, Carica papaya and Passiflora edulis are new records for Nepal.J. Nat. Hist. Mus. Vol. 28, 2014: 18-33
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Chan, Steve Kwok-Leung. "Enclave Tenement Trap." Environment and Urbanization ASIA 9, no. 2 (August 22, 2018): 198–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0975425318783589.
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This article investigates the housing process of ethnic minorities in Hong Kong. The study is an attempt to explain how these minority ethnic groups are filtered and trapped in the private rented housing sector in inner city enclaves. Focus group and in-depth interviews are used to study the low-income Pakistani and Nepalese migrants in two districts in Hong Kong. Affordability, discrimination and locational consideration draw the Pakistani and Nepalese families towards the private rented sector in tenement slums. A model of enclave tenement trap is built based on empirical research conducted in Hong Kong. The model and findings provide directions for civil society institutions and housing policy.
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Kumar, Prakash, Shishir Kumar Barma, and Bharat Raj Subba. "A checklist of fishes of eastern Terai of Nepal." Nepalese Journal of Biosciences 1 (January 24, 2013): 63–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njbs.v1i0.7473.
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An attempt has been made to survey the existing fish species of the eastern Terai of Nepal. In three months duration, fifty three fish species belonging to twenty families were recorded. The anthropogenic activities were mostly found responsible for decline of fish species in this region. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njbs.v1i0.7473 Nepalese Journal of Biosciences 1: 63-65 (2011)
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Amgain, Ganesh. "Cool Parent Syndrome; Redefining Cool." Europasian Journal of Medical Sciences 1, no. 1 (December 11, 2019): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.46405/ejms.v1i1.12.
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Parenting style also called parental behaviour is the way parents generally relate to their children.1 It is the overall emotional climate in which parents raise their children. It has been divided into four different categories; Authoritative, Authoritarian, Permissive and Uninvolved. Experts recommend parents to follow authoritative parenting styles to the most effective one. But in Nepalese context, authoritarian parenting style runs among the families. Researches have shown that Nepalese parenting style could not be incorporated into a single parenting style as suggested by Baumrind.2 Present day’s parents in Nepalese context, with all the education and modernization, not setting clear rules for the children, and provision of more than enough freedom is found to be cool. Most of the parenting studies only find the correlation between parenting styles and outcomes rather than cause and effect. That’s why, rather than sticking to the specific type of parenting style or be cool with them, it’s crucial to take time and be able to connect to them and address the needs of the children. Keywords: Parenting styles, Cool Parents, Cool Parent Syndrome
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Ellis, Harold. "Ruth Watson FRCS: Surgeon in Nepal." Journal of Perioperative Practice 19, no. 5 (May 2009): 153. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/175045890901900506.
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In 1971, I was sent by the British Council to Nepal to teach and to operate. There, in the little town of Pokhra, I met the most extraordinary woman surgeon that I have ever encountered before or since. Her name was Ruth Watson. She was a slimly built, smiling young woman, dressed in a Nepalese sari and speaking to her staff in fluent Nepalese. She had arrived in Pokhra 20 years before, at the age of 25, and established a hospital there. Initially it was constructed out of matting, but this was soon replaced with corrugated iron Nissen huts. Because the metal walls shone in the blazing Nepalese sunshine the hospital came to be called the ‘Shining Hospital’ by the patients, and the name stuck. It served an enormous population from the far flung villages -mostly poor peasant farmers and their families. By the time of my visit, there were about 50 beds, a small operating theatre and a single-bedded labour ward. Ruth told me that she had once delivered two sets of twins synchronously on that one bed!
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Nepalese families"
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Dhungel, Basundhara. "A Study of Nepalese Families' Paid and Unpaid Work after Migration to Australia." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/375.
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The patterns of paid and unpaid work adopted by migrants families with dependent children are more or less similar to that of prevailing working pattern of men and women of Australian born couples. A case study with 28 couple families, 14 husbands and 14 wives who migrated from Nepal under "skill" or "professional" category and the literature review on paid and unpaid work of couple families with dependent children show that in both families the trend of change of working pattern in paid and unpaid work is similar. With the increased participation of married women in the paid labour force, men increased participation in household work. There is increased household work for both husbands and wives, but women tend to do more household "inside" and childcare work than men. In the mean time, men tend to do more work in the "masculine" sphere of "outside" work in house maintenance, repair and car care. The only factor that differentiates working pattern of migrant families with Australian born families is the experience of migration and the category that they migrated. The change of working practice of paid and unpaid work of migrant families are affected by the change of family type from extended family to two generational family and their education and previous work experience that they brought along with them. Professional migrants who migrated family as a "unit" migrated spouse and dependent children together and they made their own decision to migrate, unlike other categories of migrants who migrated from political or economic pressure. One of the important experiences of migrant families is that there are new opportunity, new lifestyle, new intimacy and companionship and new sharing of work between husbands and wives after migration. At the same time, there are losses of extended family relatives, close friends and cultural event which affects their day to day lives. There are Australian based friends who provided support in the initial period of migration but these families do not provide regular assistance or support which family relatives provided in Nepal.
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Dhungel, Basundhara. "A Study of Nepalese Families' Paid and Unpaid Work after Migration to Australia." University of Sydney. Social Work Social Policy and Sociology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/375.
Full textAbstract:
The patterns of paid and unpaid work adopted by migrants families with dependent children are more or less similar to that of prevailing working pattern of men and women of Australian born couples. A case study with 28 couple families, 14 husbands and 14 wives who migrated from Nepal under "skill" or "professional" category and the literature review on paid and unpaid work of couple families with dependent children show that in both families the trend of change of working pattern in paid and unpaid work is similar. With the increased participation of married women in the paid labour force, men increased participation in household work. There is increased household work for both husbands and wives, but women tend to do more household "inside" and childcare work than men. In the mean time, men tend to do more work in the "masculine" sphere of "outside" work in house maintenance, repair and car care. The only factor that differentiates working pattern of migrant families with Australian born families is the experience of migration and the category that they migrated. The change of working practice of paid and unpaid work of migrant families are affected by the change of family type from extended family to two generational family and their education and previous work experience that they brought along with them. Professional migrants who migrated family as a "unit" migrated spouse and dependent children together and they made their own decision to migrate, unlike other categories of migrants who migrated from political or economic pressure. One of the important experiences of migrant families is that there are new opportunity, new lifestyle, new intimacy and companionship and new sharing of work between husbands and wives after migration. At the same time, there are losses of extended family relatives, close friends and cultural event which affects their day to day lives. There are Australian based friends who provided support in the initial period of migration but these families do not provide regular assistance or support which family relatives provided in Nepal.
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Boivin, Nettie. "Language, literacy and identity practices influencing acculturation in immigrant/migrant Nepalese families : an ethnographic study." Thesis, University of York, 2013. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/4593/.
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This thesis is an ethnographic study which investigates the practices of language maintenance and ethnic identity affiliation for immigrant/migrant Nepalese families with primary to middle school children in the United Kingdom. The thesis investigates the connection between two larger fields of research; language maintenance and ethnic identity affiliation. Previously, research investigated one area or the other. After initial interviews with the family members it was determined from investigation into past exposure and present participation in the various practices of both ethnic identity and language maintenance that deeper investigation needed to occur. Finally, it was determined that in the prior research none had examined differences between family members and reasons for these variations. The thesis presents an ethnographic comparative case study analysis of three Nepalese families using a three-tiered macro, micro, and internal theoretical framework in conjunction with a newly redefined acculturation continuum. Observation, which was participatory, occurred in various contexts during a nine month period. In conjunction with these observation sessions, semi-structured interviews regarding present participation in language maintenance and ethnic identity practices, and historical narrative interviews investigating prior exposure to home country, ethnic, cultural, and social literacy practices occurred. In addition, data analysis from the observations used a language maintenance practice checklist based on three types of practices (social language, social literacy, and peripheral ritualised practices) thus discovering whether shifts or loss occurred in families. This analysis revealed a newly termed practice of peripheral ritualised practices. Furthermore, observations discovered that it was not only exposure to home country experience and ethnic customs which play a significant role in shaping social and ethnic identity construction but more informatively the age of exposure. Consequently, the researcher was able to examine not only shifts from children via pre-adolescences to teens, but to assess differences between siblings, an area that had previously not been researched. Finally, the study noted that for children, pre-adolescence and adolescences there is a balance between globalised practices and ethnic practices which need further future investigation.
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Dangol, Abhas. "Parenting among Nepalese families in Lisbon and its effect on child integration." Master's thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/10316.
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The purpose of this study was to understand which parenting style presented by Baumrind (1967) of authoritative, authoritarian or permissive the Nepalese immigrants in Portugal are associated with, what values they transmit to their children and how does it affect child integration in schools. The aim was to know if migrating to a country with difference in culture and values brings changes in the way parenting is provided for Nepalese parents and the affect it has on children. This was a qualitative study among 10 participants with 5 mothers and 5 fathers who brought their children to Portugal. The parent's perception of the way they provide parenting, the transmission of values and their children's response to these provided the primary data for this study. The data was collected through in-depth individual interviews which were conducted in Nepali language with the support of semi structured questionnaires. The research found that the Nepalese parenting style could not be incorporated into a single parenting style as suggested by Baumrind as it has components of both the authoritative and authoritarian parenting styles. I also found that parenting for Nepalese immigrants in Portugal was affected by native culture, children's reactions, Portuguese laws and norms and support systems. The mothers and fathers performed different parenting roles as mothers were mostly associated with care, support and comfort whereas fathers were mostly associated with monitoring and implementation of rules.
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Chapagain, Binod Kumar. "Men's overseas migration and women's mobility and decision-making in rural Nepalese families." Phd thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/14935.
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This research investigates the ability of women,after the temporary overseas migration of their husbands,to define their priorities and act upon them within household and community spaces in the multi-cultural environment of two distinct geographical locations of Nepal - in the hills and the plains. Based on surveys and in-depth interviews with the women, semi-structured discussions with their neighbours, and a series of observations, this study examines the convertibility of men's migration into the agency of women, in response to the research question - what are the changes in women's abilities to set priorities and act upon them when their husbands migrate and leave them behind? Specifically: a) How do women negotiate decision-making with their husbands when they are working abroad?; b) How do women manage their mobility and community participation in a society where they are constrained by stringent social norms and practices?; and c) How
do women's social position and identity change over the period of the men's absence?
This research argues that the migration of husbands has not made women dependent, but instead has created the scope to access decision-making processes, financial and non-financial resources, social networks, and information about services, which have collectively enriched women's ability, identity, and agency, despite having to perform some roles which contradict the prevailing social values and practices. The women have increasingly managed their resources and negotiated at different levels according to the length of their husband's migration. Therefore, the temporary separation of husbands and wives in the patriarchal Nepalese villages has been beneficial to the women, enhancing their negotiation and bargaining power, and their ability to challenge the patriarchal institutions as capable agents.
In addition, this research argues that the women increased their voice in decision-making when they gained access to information through networking and exposure. The linking capital of women connected them to political decision-making and financial resources, and enhanced their capacity to leverage resources, and information from formal institutions. These social networks are the symbolic power which has offered women a legitimate base for their social position. Thus, while agency has built social capital, social capital has become the means to enhancing the agency of individuals, resulting in a virtuous cycle of change. Therefore, this research establishes exposure and information as two of the major elements in increasing the bargaining power of Nepalese women in trans-national families. However, these women perform their roles despite several restrictions and challenges.
With these factors taken into consideration, this research recommends a number of areas that require further understanding. The question of women's agency and decision-making scope after men return from their migration in patriarchal societies is one. Similarly, the experiences that migrant women bring to the community, and the pressures they face in a patriarchal society, help to understand the experiences of the returned migrant women. Finally, an analysis of the differences between women, their capacities and social networking, despite having similar external environments, would help to identify the stimuli for individual behaviours.
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Pant, Ritu. "Transnational parenting from the views of fathers: a study on Nepalese immigrants living in Portugal." Master's thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/23983.
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This study discusses the experiences and perceptions of Nepali transnational fathers who are practicing or have practiced parenting from distance in Lisbon, Portugal. It explores their migration trajectories, transnational parenting experiences before reunification (if already united with children) and their family reunification plans (of those who are yet to be united with their children). Symbolic interaction theory provides basis of analysis, which is supported by theoretical concepts on transnational parenting. The eight participants of this qualitative study were selected by non-probability sampling using snowballing technique. Most in-depth interviews were taken online due to the Covid-19 pandemic situation. Thematic analysis was employed to categorize the findings into themes and sub-themes. According to the study’s findings, Nepalese travel to Portugal with aim of bringing their families to settle in Europe.
Despite many family reunification requirements set out by the Portuguese immigration policies, Nepalese migrants perceive Portugal as flexible gateway to enter Europe and invite their families. Furthermore, available social networks allowed the migrants to sustain their lives and get jobs after moving to Portugal, which encouraged them to plan family reunification. In terms of transnational parenting practices, regular communication and sending of remittances helped Nepali fathers to maintain transnational ties with their families at home. Significantly, social interaction with different relations influenced their perception on fathering and parenting practices.Este estudo discute experiências e percepções de pais transnacionais nepaleses que praticam ou praticaram a parentalidade à distância em Lisboa, Portugal. Explorei trajetórias de migração, experiências parentais transnacionais quando já vivem com os filhos em Portugal ou planos de reunificação familiar quando ainda não se uniram aos filhos. A base de análise é a teoria da interação simbólica, apoiada por conceitos sobre parentalidade transnacional. Os oito participantes deste estudo qualitativo foram selecionados por amostragem não probabilística através da técnica de bola de neve. A maioria das entrevistas foi realizada online devido à pandemia Covid-19. A análise temática permitiu categorizar os resultados em temas e subtemas, observando-se que os nepaleses migram para Portugal com o objetivo de trazer as suas famílias para se estabelecerem na Europa. Apesar dos muitos requisitos de reunificação familiar definidos pelas políticas de imigração portuguesas, os participantes consideram Portugal como uma porta de entrada flexível para entrar na Europa e trazer as suas famílias. As redes sociais disponíveis permitiram ainda encontrar recursos de sustento e arranjar emprego em Portugal, incentivando-os a planear o reagrupamento familiar. Nas práticas parentais transnacionais, a comunicação regular e o envio de remessas ajudaram os pais nepaleses a manter laços transnacionais com suas famílias no Nepal. Destaca-se que a interação social em diferentes relações influenciou percepção sobre a paternidade e práticas parentais.
Books on the topic "Nepalese families"
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Seasonal income and expenditure pattern of Nepalese farm families. Kathmandu: Agricultural Development Bank, Planning, Research & Project Division, 1987.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Nepalese families"
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Haselberger, Martina. "The Bigger Picture of Recovery: Conservation Challenges related to Living Heritage and Value and Belief Systems in the Preservation and Reconstruction of Cultural Heritage at Patan Durbar Square." In Heritage Reconstruction and People: Integrated Recovery After Trauma, 275–92. Arab Regional Centre for World Heritage, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56500/c-r2035.
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"The monuments at Patan Durbar Square in Nepal have been conserved, recovered, and reconstructed with enormous effort, following the damage and devastation caused by a series of earthquakes in 2015. Collaborative work by the Kathmandu Valley Preservation Trust, the Nepalese Department of Archaeology, the Institute of Conservation at the University of Applied Arts in Vienna, and local craftsmen, working with the local community, has made a significant contribution in this respect. Several factors are decisive for the recovery of cultural heritage after a natural disaster: the availability of craftsmen familiar with traditional construction techniques and of heritage preservation professionals, comprehensive surveys and assessments, building materials, pre-disaster documentation, and the long-term commitment of financial support. How have these factors influenced efforts and progress in the case of Patan Durbar Square? What were the challenges and how were they solved? In Patan, tangible and intangible cultural heritage are closely linked and related to each other. The living culture is an essential characteristic of Patan and of Nepal more generally and so also a major criterion in the site’s inscription on the UNESCO World Heritage list. Safeguarding intangible cultural heritage is just as important as the preservation of tangible artworks and sites. This article examines to what degree craftsmanship, religious practices, and festivities and traditions (cyclical renewal) have represented an advantage or an obstacle for conservation and reconstruction efforts in Patan. The analysis is illustrated with selected case studies, while field-tested solutions for reconciling the preservation of both tangible and intangible heritage are pointed out."
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Valentin, Karen. "Transnational political engagements and diasporic connections in Nepali education-related migration to Denmark." In Universities as Transformative Social Spaces, 289–314. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192865571.003.0011.
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The Nepali diaspora in Denmark dates back to the early 2000s and has emerged in response to the expanding commercialized international education market and a demand for qualified labour. For this reason, the Nepalis in Denmark generally immigrated at relatively young ages as students, highly skilled professionals and accompanying spouses. However, they initially went to school and college in Nepal in the 1990s, a period of prolonged political upheaval due to civil war. Some grew up in families engaged in politics, others tried to keep formal politics at a distance, but all were in some way or another affected by the social and political tensions played out in the realm of higher education and the wider society. Now, years later, many are to varying degrees engaged in different types of diasporic political and civic activities, including projects of ‘social entrepreneurship’. Drawing on ethnographic data on education-related migration from Nepal to Denmark, this chapter focuses on higher education as a transnational socio-political field and thereby sheds light on the porous boundaries of educational institutions. The chapter analyses how previous experiences from growing up in a highly politicized education system and a general condition of political instability in Nepal factor into later transnational political engagements among Nepali migrants. It thereby feeds into the larger literature on mobility and transnationalism as well as debates on political action in South Asia, where institutions of higher education have historically been central in the political shaping of the youth.
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Colopy, Cheryl. "Melting Ice Rivers." In Dirty, Sacred Rivers. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199845019.003.0011.
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From a remote outpost of global warming, a summons crackles over a two-way radio several times a week: . . . Kathmandu, Tsho Rolpa! Babar Mahal, Tsho Rolpa! Kathmandu, Tsho Rolpa! Babar Mahal, Tsho Rolpa! . . . In a little brick building on the lip of a frigid gray lake fifteen thousand feet above sea level, Ram Bahadur Khadka tries to rouse someone at Nepal’s Department of Hydrology and Meteorology in the Babar Mahal district of Kathmandu far below. When he finally succeeds and a voice crackles back to him, he reads off a series of measurements: lake levels, amounts of precipitation. A father and a farmer, Ram Bahadur is up here at this frigid outpost because the world is getting warmer. He and two colleagues rotate duty; usually two of them live here at any given time, in unkempt bachelor quarters near the roof of the world. Mount Everest is three valleys to the east, only about twenty miles as the crow flies. The Tibetan plateau is just over the mountains to the north. The men stay for four months at a stretch before walking down several days to reach a road and board a bus to go home and visit their families. For the past six years each has received five thousand rupees per month from the government—about $70—for his labors. The cold, murky lake some fifty yards away from the post used to be solid ice. Called Tsho Rolpa, it’s at the bottom of the Trakarding Glacier on the border between Tibet and Nepal. The Trakarding has been receding since at least 1960, leaving the lake at its foot. It’s retreating about 200 feet each year. Tsho Rolpa was once just a pond atop the glacier. Now it’s half a kilometer wide and three and a half kilometers long; upward of a hundred million cubic meters of icy water are trapped behind a heap of rock the glacier deposited as it flowed down and then retreated. The Netherlands helped Nepal carve out a trench through that heap of rock to allow some of the lake’s water to drain into the Rolwaling River.