Dissertations / Theses on the topic '(neo)realism'
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1
Pham, Min Van. "Neo-realism, neo-liberalism and East Asia regionalism : the case of Vietnam /." Connect to title online (Scholars' Bank), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/7782.
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Pham, Min Van 1980. "Neo-realism, Neo-liberalism and East Asia Regionalism: The Case of Vietnam." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/7782.
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vii, 103 p. A print copy of this thesis is available through the UO Libraries. Search the library catalog for the location and call number.East Asia regionalism emerged in the context of the end of the Cold War, the break-up of the Soviet Union and the outgrowth of regionalism in many parts of the world such as the unprecedented expansion of the European Union and the development of the North American Free Trade Agreement. It has been nearly two decades since its inception and almost every aspect of East Asian regionalism has been explored in depth with the exception of the application of theoretical explanations to East Asia regionalism. This paper is an attempt to apply international relations theories of neo-realism and neoliberalism to East Asia regionalism. The paper has found that both neo-realism and neoliberalism have found evidence in East Asia to support their assumptions about regionalism but neither has given fully appropriate explanations to East Asia regionalism. The case study of Vietnam' s regional cooperation is also supportive of that conclusion. In addition, the case of Vietnam indicates that concrete conditions of each country have played an important role in its incentives and participation into regionalism. The paper invites explanations for East Asia regionalism from other theories in international relations.
Advisers: Diane M. Dunlap, Philip D. Young, Kathie Carpenter
3
Inouye, Shaun. "(Neo)Bazinian realism : existential phenomenology and the image-body." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/45699.
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French critic-cum-theorist André Bazin remains a central figure in discourse concerning cinematic realism. A prolific film commentator during the postwar period, Bazin advanced a theory of realism that took resemblance to be the apogee of film aestheticism, a radical departure from the then-dominant views held by Soviet film theorists that cinema's "essence" as an art form hinges on techniques that dissociate it from reality (via montage, for instance). A one-time favoured approach, in the 1960s and 1970s Bazin's theories were lambasted in the wake of an intellectual paradigm shift that came to view cinematic realism as an ideological subterfuge, lulling passive viewers into accepting bourgeois "realities" driven by inequalities and capitalist motivations. More broadly, Bazin's perceived faith in the objectivity of the image was labelled naïve and empirically dogmatic, an antiquated notion founded on Catholic mores that had no place in the modern, secular world. Today, the residual negativity from these criticisms still mar the reception of Bazin's realism, resulting in facile summations that neglect or misrepresent the more sophisticated, nuanced version he presents.
Situated within the larger reappraisal of Bazin's work taking place in film studies – known collectively as "neo-Bazinianism" – this thesis acts as a much-needed corrective to the near-ubiquitous view of Bazinian realism as being ontologically contingent upon the photographic medium, and "indexically" connected to an antecedent reality. I argue that, given his proximity to the leading figures of French existentialist and phenomenological thought – namely, Jean-Paul Sartre and Maurice Merleau-Ponty – Bazin advances a theory of realism based, not on the objectivity of the camera's gaze, but the intersubjectivity of embodied experience, having recognized in the image a perceptual engagement with the world analogous to our own. It is the concept of the "image-body" that is crucial here, a self-coined term that anchors the thesis around the central assumption that, if Bazin's realism offers us recognizable representations of the world onscreen, and it is our perceptual bodies that make manifest this world, then the "realistic" image must in someway share with us an embodied, enworlded state.
4
Kerr, G. "The metaphysics of St. Thomas Aquinas and Neo-Thomistic realism." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.546368.
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Grundig, Frank. "Cooperation as self help? : relative gains and the patterns of interaction in an anarchic world." Thesis, University of Essex, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.274371.
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6
Olsson, Andreas. "Sverige under andra Världskriget : En uppsats om neo-realism och neutralitet." Thesis, Linnaeus University, School of Social Sciences, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-6845.
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Abstract
The actions of Sweden during the second world war has been richly discussed over the years. Sweden declared itself neutral in the war between the great powers but did not manage to maintain its neutrality. The nature of neutrality has often been discussed; whether it is of a idealistic or more pragmatic nature. Realism, a theory of international relations, would argue that it is of a more pragmatic nature, hence these two are in opposition. Realism also takes credit in claiming to explain how and why a state chooses to act in a situation.
The aim of this essay was to, by examining specific decisions made by the swedish government during the Second World War, come to a conclusion whether or not Sweden’s proclaimed neutrality was of idealistic or pragmatic nature, and thereby possibly coming to a conclusion about neutrality in large.
It was also to examine the worth of realism as an explanatory theory by applying it to this specific case; to examine its validity.
The study was conducted using a qualitative method; presenting empiric facts and then by using a decision model interpreting the actions and results from a realist perspective.
The study concludes that realism has explanatory power, although not a complete one. The evidence, concerning the neutrality matter, points to that neutrality should be considered as being of a more pragmatic nature.
Keywords: Second world war, international relations, realism, neutrality
7
COUTINHO, MARCOS VINICIUS FIUZA. "BETWEEN MEMORIES AND WORDS: THE NEO-REALISM OF MANUEL DA FONSECA." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2012. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=30140@1.
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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIROCOORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR
PROGRAMA DE SUPORTE À PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO DE INSTS. DE ENSINO
Dentro do grande espectro de obras e escritores que constituem o Neorealismo português, é de fácil percepção que o movimento, em sua raiz, não se estabeleceu como uma estética uniforme. Apesar de uma linha marxista nortear claramente os caminhos e desígnios dos escritores, diferentes concepções e interpretações do que se deveria construir artisticamente se estabeleceu. Deparamo-nos com escritores muito singulares, que trabalham a temática, o pano de fundo neo-realista, de formas absolutamente distintas. A maneira como cada artista apreende a realidade e a reconsidera em suas obras é extremamente particular, fazendo da pesquisa em torno do que caracterizou o Neo-realismo uma enorme colcha de retalhos, em que, das diferentes e improváveis partes, retiramos um todo complexo e coeso. A forma como cada autor utiliza a palavra é, sem dúvida, o reflexo de como cada um deles interpreta a realidade. Nessa direção, pela maneira como as trabalha, utilizando uma precisão cirúrgica em cada vocábulo e ainda pela forma como introduz e engendra uma força vital a cada fato narrado, vemos destacar-se a figura de Manuel da Fonseca. Assim, este trabalho visa investigar, primordialmente, as estratégias de escrita desse autor, e, através do estudo de sua ficção, demonstrar como, a partir de personagens complexos, Manuel da Fonseca cria uma perspectiva que trabalha o ideal neo-realista de maneira extremamente particular e nos insere em um mundo de descobertas, onde o reconhecimento e o aprendizado são as chaves que possibilitam a abertura de uma zona de transformação eminente.
Within the wide range of works and writers that make up the Portuguese Neo-Realism, is an easy to understand the movement, at its root, it has established itself as an aesthetic standard. Although a Marxist line guide clearly the ways and thoughts of the writers, different conceptions and interpretations of what we should build ourselves artistically. We face very unique writers, who work the theme, the background of neo-realist, absolutely distinct ways. The way each artist captures the reality and reconsiders in his works is very particular, doing research about what characterized the Neo-realism a huge patchwork quilt, in which the different and unlikely parts, removed a complex whole and cohesive. The way each author uses the word is undoubtedly a reflection of how each interprets reality. In this direction, by the way it works, using surgical precision in each word and also introduces the way and engenders a life force every event narrated, we highlight the figure of Manuel da Fonseca. This work aims to investigate primarily the writing strategies of the author, and, through the study of his fiction, showing how, from complex characters, Manuel da Fonseca creates a perspective that works the ideal neo-realist in an extremely and in particular enter into a world of discovery, where the recognition and learning are the keys that enable the opening of an imminent transformation zone.
8
Williams, Christopher James. "Beyond critical realism : a neo-Rortian approach to the science and theology debate." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.250203.
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9
Pickles, Suzanne. "Post-authenticity : literary dialect and realism in Victorian and Neo-Victorian social novels." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2018. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/22690/.
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This thesis considers what a post-authenticity approach to literary dialect studies should be. Once we have departed from the idea of literary dialect studies being engaged in ascertaining whether or not the fictional representation of nonstandard speech varieties can be matched with those same varieties in the external world, how should we study the dialect we find in novels? I argue that literary dialect studies should be placed within critical work on the realist novel, since the representation of speech, like the broader field of realism, aims to reflect an external world, one with which the reader can identify. This, as yet, has not been done. My approach is to place greater emphasis on the role of the reader. I consider the ways in which writers use literary dialect to manage readers' responses to characters, and the nature of those responses. I give a close reading of Victorian and neo-Victorian novels to show that, whilst the subject matter of these works has changed over time to suit a modern readership, the dialect representation - its form and the attitudes to language usage it communicates - is conservative. Referring to recent surveys, and through my own research with real readers, I show that nonstandard speakers are still regarded as less well-educated and of a lower social class than those who speak Standard English. This, I argue, is why writers encode such attitudes into their works and are able to manipulate readers' responses to characters. I argue that it is the interplay of text, reader, and the broader cultural context in which the work is both written and read, that gives meaning to the literary dialect and brings it within the scope of studies of the realist novel.
10
NASCIMENTO, MARIANA CUSTÓDIO DO. "THE WORD-SKIN: ON THE POSSIBILITY OF A SURFACEE ESTHETICS IN PORTUGUESE NEO-REALISM." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2013. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=23500@1.
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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRODiferente do modo como costuma ser reduzida por parte da crítica especializada, o estudo pretende mostrar que a obra de António Alves Redol tem a marca da mudança, da variedade e da diversidade. Observar-se-á que a homogeneidade que se costuma impor nas análises sobre a obra do autor não se justifica nem da perspectiva da profundidade do conteúdo narrativo, nem da perspectiva da superfície das formas de expressão. Em relação a esta última, parece haver um cuidado estético especial no que tange à concisão, à precisão e ao impacto dimensionados na simplicidade narrativa dos documentários humanos explorados por Alves Redol. Nesse sentido, a obra de Redol representa a heterogeneidade de formas, conteúdos, narrativas e conceitos do neo-realismo, simbolizando, no seu microcosmo, a história e os processos de todo o movimento. Ao eleger a palavra-pele para conceituar o modo de escrever de António Alves Redol, mostrando em que medida a sua narrativa incide ao mesmo tempo nas dimensões política e estética, a tese também procura refletir sobre como tal ideia de palavra-ação poderia auxiliar numa melhor compreensão da escrita neo-realista em Portugal.
This study aims to highlight variety, diversity and change as important qualities that can be noticed in the books of the Portuguese writer António Alves Redol. Whereas the critics tend to analyze his work under the characteristic of homogeneity, this thesis discusses the contradictions of this point of view by focusing on the deep of the narrative content and the surface of the narrative form. In what concerns the surface of the narrative, one of the objectives of this research is to analyze the aesthetic specificities of the writing expression of Alves Redol and the impact of his narrative simplicity. Hence, this thesis aims to discuss the concept of the word-skin, which will be used to define his writing. The idea of the word-skin contains the politic and aesthetic aspects of literary narrative as well as it discusses how word can be associated to action. Therefore the work of Alves Redol represents the heterogeneity of the Neorealism, an essential characteristic of this artistic expression in Portugal, and also symbolizes, in its micro cosmos, the entire history of the movement. Finally, this study develops the relations between a different approach to the analysis of the work of Alves Redol and the enlargement in the comprehension of the Portuguese Neorealism.
11
Holmgren, Simon. "Hawks and doves on the Korean peninsula : A content analysis of United States and South Korea policy vis-à-vis North Korea in 2013." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för samhällsvetenskaper, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-27350.
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This study examines the South Korea President Park Geun-hye and United States President Obama respective administration's policy vis-à-vis North Korea. The scope is narrowed down to the year 2013, during which the regime in Pyongyang conducted its third nuclear test. How to perceive and engage the regime in Pyongyang have been debated in the post-cold war era, divided into progressive (doves) and hard liners (hawks). Periods of policy discrepancy have occurred between Washington and Seoul, that have been observed to bear effect on North Korean behavior vis-à-vis South Korea. This study ties on to the contemporary policy debate in Seoul and Washington on North Korean engagement strategies. Moreover, expanding the scope and examines the respective administration's policy through a analytical framework based on a content analysis from a system level perspective. Furthermore, how neo-realism, neo-liberalism and the concept of reciprocity can shed light upon respective policies and give a sense of notion of alignment or discrepancy between Seoul and Washington.
12
Williamson, Hazel R. "The theory and practice of Neo-Realism in the work of Harold Gilman and Charles Ginner." Thesis, University of Leicester, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/32020.
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This thesis explores the development and promotion of the theory and practice of Neo-Realism by Harold Gilman and Charles Ginner. Published during 1914, Neo-Realism presented a reactionary response to recent developments in European art, particularly Cubism which was heavily censured. The Neo-Realists rejected 'Post-Impressionism' as the 'enemy' of progress in contemporary British art, dismissing the theories put forward by Roger Fry and Clive Bell and warning that British artists were in danger of sacrificing national identity in favour of a narrow dependence on European, particularly French, art. During the years immediately following publication of Neo-Realism, the theory underwent a decisive reconstruction, incorporating greater attention to design in terms of colour, form and composition. The Neo-Realists' involvement in the London Group, which brought them into contact with the Vorticists, and the influence of the critical writings of I. E. Hulme, contributed significantly to this development; it was in this sense that Neo-Realism played an important role in the debate been abstraction and realism which characterised this period in British art. During 1917 Ginner published a second article, Modern Painting and Teaching, which called for the creation of a 'great national art' through the combination of a commitment to representation with a greater attention to elements of design which played a significant role in the work of those artists, including Vorticists, who employed abstract or semi-abstract forms. Coinciding with a rejection of abstract art by a number of British artists, this perception of a dialectical approach, encompassing a commitment to representation allied to the strong sense of design which was the legacy of Vorticism, ensured Neo-Realism's significance in vividly encapsulating the spirit and consciousness of a range of artists at a crucial moment in the development of modem British art.
13
Antonelli, Antonella. "Crime Fiction of Crisis: New Neo-Realism in the Age of Berlusconi from 1990 to 2010." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/18727.
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This dissertation focuses on selected crime novels by Grazia Verasani, Elisabetta Bucciarelli, Carlo Lucarelli, Luciano Marrocu, Massimo Carlotto and Giancarlo De Cataldo written between 1990 and 2010, the years known as the era of former Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi, an age that is symbolic, among other things, of disrespect and affront to democracy, of reinforcement of sexism, control of the media, controversial legitimizing views of Fascism, impudent corruption, attempts to change and create laws for personal advantage, and collusion with Mafia.
My work shows that these novels are romanzi sociali that continue the tradition of social commitment of Italian crime fiction began with Augusto De Angelis in the 1930s and then developed by Giorgio Scerbanenco, Loriano Macchiavelli and Leonardo Sciascia.
The novels I analyze are a commentary on the country's current crises, such as the status of women, the objectification of the female body and the increase of violence against women (Verasani and Bucciarelli).
My study also explores how historical crime fiction brings attention to the issue of historical revisionism that characterized the rise to power in 1994 of Berlusconi's Forza Italia and exposes the mythology of the innocent Fascist and the good-hearted Italian regarding the responsibilities of Italian colonialism (Lucarelli and Marrocu).
Finally, in an era characterized by the lack of freedom of the press, some of these novels act as a counter-information tool on hot issues such as the collusion with the institutions and organized crime and the web of powers that shaped postwar Italy, and they demythologize the image of northeastern Italy, described as the engine of Italian economy, by exposing its corruption and illegal business with organized crime (De Cataldo and Carlotto).
Ultimately, this dissertation shows the potential of crime writing as a genre suitable to perform social criticism and to involve a more socially and politically conscious readership.
14
Osburn, Benjamin. "Presidential Ideology and Foreign Policy: President George W. Bush's Ideological Justification of the Decision to go to War against Iraq." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1344974236.
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Deksnys, Domininkas. "The Disguised Variable - The Influence of Russian Elite Clans on Russian Foreign Policy." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-21399.
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This paper analyzes the influence of Russian elite clans on Russian foreign policy-making. The goal of this paper is to discover the missing link that connects the changes in the International System to the formation of Russian foreign policy, more specifically the Russo-Georgian War, the occupation of Crimea, and the intervention in Syria. Therefore, the theory of neo-classical realism is applied to a systematic process analysis in order to trace the chain of causal relations in which the struggle of elite clans influences foreign policy-making. The combination of neo-realism and state capacity analysis complements the approach of neo-classical realism. This paper argues that the beliefs of the elite clans play an important role in shaping Russia’s foreign policy. The elite clans struggle to establish themselves and consolidate their power within the Russian government structures, which affected the shift from pragmatism and a multipolar approach to a transimperialist approach in Russian foreign policy.
16
Roberts, D. E. "Two realistic interpretations of the Second World War : Karl Barth and neo-orthodoxy, H. Richard Niebuhr and Christian Realism." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.661221.
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Karl Barth and H. Richard Niebuhr both attempted to understand the Second World War in theologically realistic fashions. Barth has been termed a critically realistic thinker in recent scholarship, most notably in Bruce McCormack's book: Karl Barth's Critically Realistic Dialectical Theology. Barth uses both realism and idealism to argue against anthropocentric theology, and ethics including traditional just-war theories. He maintains that God must always be primary, the one who determines good and evil; therefore theology and ethics must always to theocentric not anthropocentric. Good is, according to Barth, that which God commands. This leads him to argue for a divine-command ethic in which God speaks to concrete persons in concrete situations. H. Richard Niebuhr, who belonged to the Christian Realists in the United States, argues from a very similar theological basis as Barth, but ends up with an ethics of responsibility rather than a divine-command morality. According to Niebuhr, human beings are responders, who respond in answer to prior action upon them. The primary question for ethics is therefore what is happening, to what must I respond in this situation and how must I respond to it. In attempting to determine the fitting response, one must also attempt to understand what the response to my responding action will be. This model assists in understanding the events that lead up to and occur during war and can help to build a move stable peace. Both Barth and Niebuhr attempted to understand the particular events of the Second World War in a theological and Christian way. Their insights provide assistance in our response to situations that may require the governmental use of force, i.e. military action, peacekeeping missions and humanitarian missions. The world situation, however, has changed since World War II; there are now more and conflicts between non-State groups, such as civil and ethnic wars. Therefore, both Barth and Niebuhr's ethics of the war from that time require some modification to deal with current events. Barth's theological rejection of anthropocentrism remains the framework for any Christian ethic dealing with contemporary uses of military force, but his divine-command morality leaves little room for moral debate and discussion, especially in a multi-cultural setting.
17
Razazifar, Alireza. "The emergence and development of digital film-making in Iran." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/14629.
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Iranian digital film-making, which has emerged and developed since 2000 in the Iranian cinematic context, mainly follows a trend based on the nature of new media. However, this trend is subject to fluctuation because of specific aspects of Iranian cinema. In addition, due to the realistic cinematic culture of Iran and the presence of Iranian neorealism film-makers, we face the emergence of a new kind of film-making which has certain international effects in world cinema. These film-makers have found a new method to approach reality and represent it in their films. On the other hand, this new cinematic reality contains more elements from a representation of reality than the analogue one, due to the power of digital cameras and technology. In this research, firstly I investigate the emergence of digital film-making in Iran, which may be unique to some extent compared to other parts of world cinema, and I show the gradual development of this phenomenon up to 2013. This investigation will reveal which parts of Iranian cinema have undergone the most changes. In the next steps, I focus on Iranian neorealism (Iranian art house cinema) and also on Iranian big-budget films. In the former, I focus on changes in the ‘representation of reality’, which I argue is the main characteristic of this mode, and in the latter I show the newly established relationship between governmental desire and the new digital special effects. Thus, I believe I will cover most of the changes that have been occurring in Iranian cinema due to the digitalisation process.
18
Johansson, Oskar. "Bad or even worse : Exploring the critical decisions of Japan in 1940 and 1941, in the light of contemporary neoclassical realism." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Statsvetenskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-26542.
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Several contemporary theories in the neo-realist corpus, modifies earlier assumptions about unit level behavior. The explanatory value of these theories has to be tested. The aim of this research, was to test the explanatory value of Davide Fiammenghis theory about the security curve, and Nuno P. Monteiros theory about unipolarity. In order to test the theories, a case study was designed where Japans aggression against the USA in 1941, was used as a least-likely case. Inspired by the idea from neo-classical realism, that the perceptions of decisions makers can vary considerably from real conditions, I used primary sources to study the perceptions and calculations inside the Japanese government. Three critical foreign policy decisions, made by the Japanese government in 1940 and 1941 were analyzed. Fimmenghis theory were first rejected, yet when it was modified to fit the condition of asymmetric economic dependence, it fit well the data. The study also indicated, that Monteiros theory can explain state behavior, if a state anticipates that it could end up in unipolar, international system.
19
Apar, Altan. "A Constructivist Criticism Of Neo-realist Conception Of." Master's thesis, METU, 2009. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/12611013/index.pdf.
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The thesis makes a constructivist criticism of neo-realism&rsquos particular conceptualization of state through a comparative analysis of Turkey&rsquo
s five motions (2003-2007) on military involvement in Iraq. Firstly, neo-realism and constructivism with regards to the concept of state are explored. Then, through the lights of the theoretical discussion, Turkey&rsquo
s five military motions are examined. In the case study, parliamentary minutes are used as the primary historical evidences. In the parliamentary discussions, three themes appeared significant-&ldquo
institutional identity&rdquo
, &ldquo
legitimacy&rdquo
and &ldquo
interest&rdquo
- which provided the ground for a constructivist criticism of neo-realist understanding of state. These three themes obtained from the discussions are tapped under four major topics which have been the main issues for the constructivists: &ldquo
agency&rdquo
, &ldquo
norms&rdquo
, &ldquo
identity&rdquo
and &ldquo
interest&rdquo
. Thesis argues that foreign policy behavior is a political product and &ldquo
state&rdquo
is a social actor whose behavior can only be understood from the social, cultural and historical context in which the state-society relations are embedded. Hence, for the purpose of making a structural analysis, separation of the domestic and the international realm of state is a fallacy with which neo-realism is badly plagued. Constructivism, on the other hand, has the potential to bridge this gap and understand the foreign policy behavior of states more accurately since it gives credence to the inner diversity of states through problematizing the ideational elements in foreign policy making and in international politics.
20
Rodrigues, Luís Filipe Carregal. "Profundidade estratégica e realismo: o caso República Turca – Federação Russa." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Ciências Sociais e Políticas, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/17763.
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Dissertação de Mestrado em EstratégiaEm 2018, o passado imperial de Turquia e Rússia é uma memória centenária. Os dois países estão inseridos numa realidade internacional distinta em que a sua cooperação surge mais benéfica que o antagonismo do passado. Sob uma perspectiva turca, iremos analisar fenómenos geopolíticos desde a transição do Império Otomano a República, até à actualidade. O século XXI, com o AKP (Adalet ve Kalkınma Partisi - Partido da Justiça e Desenvolvimento) a dominar a política turca, foi marcado pela doutrina da Profundidade Estratégica, cuja figura central é Ahmet Davutoglu, antigo ministro dos negócios estrangeiros e primeiro-ministro dos sucessivos governos AKP. Como precursores ideológicos desta doutrina , iremos também abordar conceitos como o Neo-Otomanismo e Eurasianismo. Os últimos anos foram moldados por um abandono da Profundidade Estratégica, com a saída de Davutoglu do governo, e um retorno gradual ao realismo dominante na política externa turca. A evolução das relações turcas com a Federação Russa surge então como um dos desenvolvimentos mais intrigantes da política internacional nos últimos anos. Logo, importará sobretudo analisar as relações turco-russas, primeiro numa breve perspectiva histórica, e seguidamente num âmbito multiregional.
In 2018, the Imperial past of Turkey and Russia is a centennial memory, the two countries are inserted in a different international setting, in which their cooperation appears more beneficial than the antagonistic relations of the past. Under a Turkish perspective, we shall analyze Turkish geopolitical issues from the transition to the Ottoman Empire to Republic, to current days. The 21st Century, with the AKP (Adalet ve Kalkınma Partisi- Justice and Development Party) dominating Turkish politics, was shaped by the doctrine of Strategic Depth, whose key figure was Ahmet Davutoglu, former Minsiter of Foreign Affairs and Prime-Minister of the successive AKP governments. As ideological precursors of this doctrine, we will also approach concepts like Neo-Ottomanism and Eurasianism. The recent years have been molded by the gradual abandonment of Strategic Depth doctrine, with Davutoglu’s exit from government and a gradual return to the dominant Realism in Turkish foreign policy. The evolution of the Turkish relation with the Russian Federation has been touted as one of the most intriguing developments of international politics in recent years. Therefore, it is paramount to analyze Turkish-Russian relations, first with a brief historical perspective, and lastly within a multiregional scope.
N/A
21
Silva, Rogério Corrêa da [UNESP]. "Artemídia referente: a influência do Neo-realismo e do Cinema Novo na produção de um realizador contemporâneo." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/146710.
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O presente relatório teve como objetivo fazer uma reflexão sobre o meu trabalho de cineasta, tendo como referência as escolas cinematográficas que me inspiraram: Neo-realismo italiano e Cinema Novo brasileiro. Com uma carreira iniciada aos 15 anos de idade, na bitola Super 8, e desenvolvida profissionalmente a partir do curso de Cinema da Escola de Comunicações e Artes da USP, analisei os processos e procedimentos artísticos de meus filmes, como forma de dar um testemunho sobre quarenta e sete anos de atividade, com a finalidade de oferecer uma pequena contribuição ao estudo da história do cinema brasileiro.
This report aimed to reflect on my filmmaker's work, with reference to the film schools that inspired me: Italian Neo-Realism and Brazilian Cinema Novo. With a career started at the age of 15, the gauge Super 8, and developed professionally from the course Film School of Communications and Arts at USP, I analyzed the processes and artistic procedures of my films, as away to give testimony over forty-seven years of activity, in order to offer a small contribution to the study of the history of Brazilian cinema.
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Ucoluk, Ece. "Simulacrum of Reality: Network Narrative in Babel." Ohio : Ohio University, 2010. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1268671271.
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Pan, Chengxin, and chengxin pan@deakin edu au. "Discourses of 'China' in International Relations: A Study in Western Theory as (IR) Practice." The Australian National University. Faculty of Arts, 2004. http://thesis.anu.edu.au./public/adt-ANU20050528.132232.
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This thesis is concerned with both the dangers and opportunities of Chinas relations with the contemporary world and with the U.S.-led West in particular. It takes an unconventional approach to these issues in critically examining mainstream Western studies of Chinese foreign policy as a particular kind of discourse. The thesis focuses, more specifically, on the two dominant Western perspectives on China, (neo)realism and (neo)-liberalism. In doing so, it engages the questions of how Western discursive practice has come to shape and dominate the ways we think of and deal with China in international relations, and how, as a result, China has often come to formulate its foreign policy in line with the prescribed meaning given to it by Western-based China scholars. In this context, the thesis argues that to deconstruct the processes by which China is given particular meanings by Western discoursesand by which those meanings are transformed into both Western and Chinese foreign policyis the key to a more profound understanding of Sino-Western relations and, perhaps, a first step towards ameliorating its problems and realising its potential for long-term peace and mutual prosperity.
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Filho, Edmundo Juarez. "A questão do narrador realista-naturalista e a alegoria histórica: Adolfo Caminha, Aluisio Azevedo (o coruja) e Graciliano Ramos (Caetés, Angústia e Vidas Secas)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8149/tde-25112011-142732/.
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Esta tese se propõe discutir a questão da alegoria histórica em romances do naturalismo brasileiro (Adolfo Caminha e Aluisio Azevedo) e em três romances (Caetés, Angústia, Vidas secas) de Graciliano Ramos. Partindo do princípio de que a alegoria histórica só pode ser efetuada a partir de um narrador interessado, ou seja, de um narrador que, através de sua narrativa, construa sua história para defender suas posições políticas, tentei comprovar que, na tensão entre o que é dito pelo narrador e as contradições deste discurso interessado postas no romance pelo autor do romance, é possível vislumbrar uma posição autoral, dando ao relato, por esse hibridismo, a função de discussão e tomada de posição dos fatos políticos e processo sócio-histórico. A obra literária aqui teria a função de discutir, no momento exato dos fatos, a situação política, mesmo que outros fatores literários devam ser levados em conta em sua leitura.This work aims to discuss the issue of historical allegory in the novel of Brazilian naturalism (Adolfo Caminha and Aluisio Azevedo) and in three novels (Caetés, Angústia, Vidas secas) of Graciliano Ramos. Assuming that the historical allegory can only be performed from a person narrator, or of a narrator who, through his narrative, build its history to defend their political views, I tried to prove that in the tension between what is said by the narrator and the contradictions of this discourse interested in the novel made by the author of the novel, it is possible to discern an authorial position, giving the report for that hibridismo, the role of discussion and adoption of a position of political events and socio-historical process. The literary work here would have the task of discussing the exact timing of events, the political situation, even if other factors literary should be taken into account in their reading.
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Yoshida, Miguel Makoto Cavalcanti. "De São Bernardo a Casa na Duna: caminhos do (neo)realismo no macrossistema literário de língua portuguesa." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8156/tde-14022014-124524/.
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A presente dissertação tem como objetivo ressaltar os caminhos dos fluxos literários estabelecidos dentro do macrossistema literário de língua portuguesa a partir dos romances São Bernardo, de Graciliano Ramos e Casa na Duna, de Carlos de Oliveira. A análise de ambos os romances é empreendida buscando destacar a codificação artística fruto de um rigoroso trabalho estilístico em correlação com a realidade social de ambos os escritores, evidenciamos assim a concepção (neo) realista da obra de arte como uma unidade sensível de forma e conteúdo que propicia um conhecimento do mundo dos homens sob a sociedade capitalista através dos destinos de Paulo Honório e Mariano Paulo. Buscamos também destacar elementos que evidenciam a apropriação que ambos os autores operam da tradição literária deste macrossistema, constituindo assim uma atualização do realismo como método de composição literária.This paper aims to show the paths of literary flows established within the Portuguese literary macrossystem in the novels São Bernardo, by Graciliano Ramos and Casa na Duna, by Carlos de Oliveira. The analysis of both novels aims to highlight the artistic codification as a result of a close estilistic labor in relation to their social environment, emphasizing the (neo)realistic notion of the work of art as a sensitive unity of form and content which provides (self)consciousness of mens world in capitalism through Paulo Honório and Mariano Paulos destinies. We also try to highlight the aspects that show both writers appropriation of this macrossystem literary tradition, being an update of realism as a way of literary compostion.
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Iličová, Ivana. "A Struggle to Change the World System: a realist and neorealist analysis of the Brazilian, Chinese and Russian strategies." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-204973.
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The system changed after the Cold War and the bipolar structure ended and left the USA as the only superpower. The question of the 21st century what is the current structure and how the emerging powers are becoming more important and how it can change the structure and rise their dominance in the multipolar world. The analyzed actors Brazil, China and Russia through their strategies are offering the possible system changes and configurations for the near future from the realist/neorealist perspective.
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Salimzade, Samir. "Internal and External Factors Shaping Russia’s Foreign Policy towards the Baltic States." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-23120.
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This thesis discusses one of the most serious security challenges faced by the Baltic states since regaining their independence. This security challenge is a product of Russia’s assertive foreign policy towards its western neighbours, which has intensified after the annexation of Crimea in 2014. In order to understand the rationale behind the Kremlin’s policy in the region, the thesis aims to analyse how internal and external factors shape the foreign policy of Russia towards the Baltic states. By taking neo-classical realism as its theoretical framework, the thesis uses mixed research methods for collecting data and applies qualitative content analysis to analyse the three main factors that shape Russia’s Baltic policy. The thesis identifies that NATO’s actions in the anarchic international system raise security threats towards Russia. This shapes Putin’s threat perceptions and compels him to react with counteractions, and since the foreign policy in Russia is concentrated mainly in the hands of the president, his perceptions are decisive. Nevertheless, Putin is dependent on Russians’ support and exploits nationalist feelings of the Russian population to pursue his foreign policy. The thesis concludes that the combination of these three factors makes Russia’s foreign policy towards the Baltic states more aggressive.
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Schrefer, Justin P. "Path Dependencies and Unintended Consequences: A Case Study of Britain's Entry into the European Community." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2006. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0001543.
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Börjesson, Mattias. "Från likvärdighet till marknad : En studie av offentligt och privat inflytande över skolans styrning i svensk utbildningspolitik 1969-1999." Doctoral thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för humaniora, utbildnings- och samhällsvetenskap, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-50648.
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For most of the 20th century the dominant aim of Swedish educational policy was an integrated public school system under national state control. During the post-war era (1945–1989) this policy led to Sweden having one of the most centralized and integrated school systems in the world. In the 1980s and 1990s, however, there was a profound change in Swedish education policy towards decentralization, deregulation and marketization of the school system. The aim of this thesis is to provide a deeper understanding of the nature and causes of this shift in education policy. The thesis draws from a theoretical framework consisting of Critical Realism, curriculum theory and Neo-Marxism. From a Neo- Marxist perspective the configuration of state education policy is understood as a dominant education ideology. The empirical material consists of state policy documents which are understood as an expression of the dominant education ideology in society. The results indicate a shift in the dominant education ideology in Sweden between 1969 and – 1999: from an emphasis on state governance and goals of equivalence, equality and participation in the school system during the 1970s, towards increasing skepticism regarding state regulation and an emphasis on decentralization and aims to increase parental and pupil influence in the school system during the 1980s, to a dominance of private influence via school choice and competition in the school system during the 1990s. From a theoretical perspective consisting of Critical Realism and curriculum theory, this shift in education policy and restructuring of the school system is understood in relation to economic crises, a rightward shift in politics and the dominance of neoliberal ideas in Sweden during the 1980s and 1990s.
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Iyer, Arun. "Regional Integration in South Asia (Based on SAARC)." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-191993.
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The aim of the thesis was to show the weakness of SAARC right from its origins as well as a great flaw in the making of the charter which excluded the notion of security as well as "bilateral" and "contentious" issues to be discussed in the organization. South Asia has for long been an area prone to violence and mistrust and the exclusion of elements of vital importance has further added to the weakness of SAARC. In the following work I will portray the dynamics and working of the region of SAARC as well as individual countries on how it affects the region as a whole and also why SAARC continues to be a toothless organization in-spite knowing the origin of the problem and why nothing is being done. Also, with the case study of India and Pakistan, it shows us that when two nations of totally opposite ideologies and bloody beginnings since independence exist within the region, the idea of integration is a far fetched dream.
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Paraense, Maria Luzia Carvalho de Barros. "O canto do galo, o pouso da mosca: exclusão social em Manuel Lopes e Graciliano Ramos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8156/tde-22032012-183352/.
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Partindo das narrativas de ficção Galo cantou na baía (1936), de Manuel Lopes, e Um ladrão (1939), de Graciliano Ramos, buscamos investigar as estratégias discursivas dos autores de nosso corpus quando da tentativa de se mobilizar em favor das populações que viviam em condições de extrema carência, tendo na literatura um forte meio de promover os debates urgentes daquele momento histórico, caracterizado pela opressão de regimes ditatoriais. Desta maneira, a perspectiva narrativa é um dos pontos centrais do trabalho. Em confluência com a fatia social retratada nos contos, pareceu-nos fundamental o debate sobre a fome e seus efeitos para o organismo humano, que findou por dirigir nosso trabalho. Encontramos na obra de Josué de Castro uma rica pesquisa capaz de conduzir nossas análises, levando-nos da condição de faminto dos personagens a seu desdobramento: a condição de criminoso principiante. Buscamos analisar, também, as construções ideológicas que influenciavam as consciências naquele período da história, encontrando em Louis Althusser os subsídios para tal análise.Based on the narratives of fiction Galo cantou na baía (Rooster crowed at the bay) (1936), of Manuel Lopez, and Um ladrão (A thief) (1939), of Graciliano Ramos, we attempted to investigate the discursive strategies of the authors of our corpus, trying a mobilization in the benefit of the people living in extreme deprivation situation, taking the literature as a strong tool to promote urgent debates on that historical moment, characterized by the oppression of dictatorial regimes. Being so, the narrative perspective is one of the central points of this/our work. In confluence with the social share portrayed in the stories, it seemed crucial the debate on hunger and its effects on the human body, which turned out to direct our work.We find in the work of Josué de Castro a rich research capable of conducting our analysis, leading us from the starving condition of the characters to their deployment: the condition of a debut criminal. We also sought to analyze the ideological patterns which influenced the consciousness of that period of the History, getting from Louis Althusser subsidies for such analysis.
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Santos, Elieser Bernardo dos. "Campaniça e aldeia Nova: um retrato da paisagem alentejana à luz do Neo-Realismo e da geografia cultural." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2008. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=755.
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A presente Dissertação tem por objetivo abordar questões que envolvem tanto a geografia cultural quanto os estudos sobre o Neo-Realismo português. Através da análise de dois contos de Manuel da Fonseca, Campaniça e Aldeia Nova, ambos vinculados à literatura neo-realista, procura-se estabelecer a importância da geografia na análise da constituição dos espaços presentes nos textos aqui abordados. Esta análise permite ratificarmos, no par de contos a que nos referimos, a existência de dois espaços que se configuram de modo distinto: o espaço da opressão, associado à paisagem de Valgato, presente no conto Campaniça e o espaço da liberdade, representado pelo cenário que constitui a Aldeia Nova, no conto homônimoThis thesis aims to address issues involving both the cultural geography as the studies on the Portuguese Neo-Realism. Through the analysis of two stories of Manuel da Fonseca, Campaniça and Aldeia Nova, both linked to the neo-realistic literature, seeks to establish the importance of geography in the analysis of the formation of these spaces in the text addressed here. This analysis allows ratify, in the pair of stories that we talk, the existence of two spaces that are up so distinct: the space of oppression, coupled with the scenery of Valgato, present in the story Campaniça and space of freedom, represented by the scenario hat is the Aldeia Nova, in the homonym tale
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Šabacká, Yvona. "Postavení Libanonu v současných mezinárodních vztazích." Doctoral thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2001. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-77123.
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Lebanese society involves the Western, i.e. liberal and democratic model, and the Islamic model of society as umma. This Lebanese model originated and has been maintained as a compromise between communities of different value paradigms where no significant shift can be expected as Lebanon is situated at the borders of their territorial expansion. According to my analysis on the basis of theoretical concepts of neo-realism and social constructivism the external players prevail over the internal players. External players have essential influence on the development of Lebanese society and state. It is also the regional status quo or regional and international order that influences the development in Lebanon and is responsible for almost every conflict, conflict initiation or struggle in Lebanon. Lebanese multiconfessional society has always made an effort to achieve and has achieved by itself a consensus for its coexistence. That is why the international community and organizations should promote and use their influence more to maintain the peaceful co-existence.
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Xue, Leng. "China-EU trade relations : The period after 1975." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Management and Economics, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-2384.
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The aim of this thesis is to analyze China-EU trade relations with focus on the period after 1975, when the diplomatic relations between China and EU developed. The research questions are (i) what is the driver in the development of China-EU trade relations? This question is subdivided into two questions: how do economic factors impact on China-EU trade relations and how do political factors influence China-EU trade relations? (ii) what are the existing problems in the current China-EU relations? (iii) what are the future prospects?
To carry out the research questions and fulfill the aim of the paper, a qualitative and quantitative method has been chosen in order to interpret and understand China-EU traderelations. The theoretical framework of this study is neo-realism and neo-liberalism with particular attention focusing on political issues and economic issues respectively.
A number of conclusions can be drawn from research. First, China-EU trade has developed very rapidly. Trade relations between the two sides are good. They are the third largest traders with each other. Secondly, the momentum for the development of China-EU trade relations is rooted in their common interests in both the political and economic fields. Thirdly, the prospect of China-EU trade relations is promising. These factors include (i) the establishment of a foundation to promote the healthy development of China-EU trade (for example, a set of legal framework provides both sides with the legal basis for their economic relations); and (ii) the prediction of future political and economic environment as favorable to the development of China-EU trade relations.
All factors show optimistically that China-EU trade will continue to prosper. The China-EU trade relationship is not without friction and the author theorizes that there are some potential danger factors; such as the Taiwan issue and trade disputes that may shadow the future development of China-EU trade relations and cannot be overlooked. At the end the author puts forward four suggestions to promote the further development of China-EU trade relations: (i) maintain the existing high-level of exchanges such as the annual EU-China summit; (ii) set up a warning mechanism to prevent trade disputes escalating; (iii) provide a method for establishing negotiations; (iv) prevent the politicizing of trade relations, for example, do not connect human right issue with trade relations. Unrelated issues should be addressed separately.
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Sutherland, Johanna, and mhsjaireth@netspeed com au. "Power and the Global Governance of Plant Genetic Resources." The Australian National University. Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Department of International Relations, 2000. http://thesis.anu.edu.au./public/adt-ANU20091228.092344.
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This thesis explores the location and nature of the power that is deepening and broadening the revolution in modern biotechnologies, and which is inherent in the global governance of one type of genetic resource plant genetic resources. Plant genetic resources are of increasing importance within the global political economy and ecology because of the power/knowledge networks contributing to, and responding to developments in the biotechnology sector, and concerned with the rampant erosion of biological diversity.
The thesis argues that transnational norms, values and knowledge are important aspects of power. Discursive power, and particularly the power inherent in discourses of sustainable development, security and human rights, are a central focus of the thesis. The thesis challenges realist, neo-realist and other structural analyses of power which focus on relative distributions of power at the level of individual states or at the global level.
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Ozkan, Remzi Oner. "The Soviet Territirial Demands From Turkey: 1939-1946." Master's thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12611617/index.pdf.
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This thesis seeks to explore the Soviet territorial claims on Turkey during the period between 1939-1946. The main argument of this thesis is that the Soviet demands from Turkey during the World War II were expansionist in nature, as opposed to the view that they were defensive. The Soviet leadership formulated these demands before the German invasion of the Soviet territories when the Soviet Union did not have significant security concerns and maintained superiority during the war.
This thesis is composed of six chapters. The first chapter is the introduction and the second chapter looks at the historical context of Turkish-Soviet relations. Chapter Three examines the Soviet demands for military bases and territorial concessions from Turkey immediately after the Second World War. The fourth chapter discusses planning of settling Armenians in Turkish territories. This chapter also examines the initial US response to the Soviet demands. Chapter Five analyzes the United States'adoption of a hard-line attitude towards the Soviet Union with respect to these demands and also how the US reaction led to the Soviet withdrawal of demands. The last chapter is the conclusion.
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Cesar, Maria Cecilia de Salles Freire. "As representações do imaginário popular nos romances de Carlos de Oliveira." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8156/tde-20022008-110807/.
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O objetivo desta tese é investigar o vínculo da prosa ficcional de Carlos de Oliveira com as tradições populares. Para tanto, foram escolhidos os quatro primeiros romances do escritor: Casa na Duna (1943), Alcateia (1944), Pequenos Burgueses (1948) e Uma Abelha na Chuva (1953). Além disso, como subsídio, foi analisada uma coletânea de contos populares que Carlos de Oliveira e José Gomes Ferreira publicaram em 1957, os Contos Tradicionais Portugueses. O conto popular, fonte rica de informação interdisciplinar, anônimo e ubíquo, é um documento vivo dos costumes, idéias e mentalidades de um povo, e suas representações acabaram por impregnar a ficção de Carlos de Oliveira, artista que viveu boa parte de sua vida numa região pobre e rural, a Gândara, que teve intensos reflexos em sua obra. Entre as representações do imaginário popular que foram rastreadas em seus romances, incluem-se entidades, crenças, mitos, provérbios e ditos populares. Como se procurou evidenciar, a tradição, porém, não é simplesmente incorporada a seus romances, mas problematizada e encarada sob o viés da ironia e da crítica. Na sua escrita ficcional, a linearidade fabular, estudada por Propp, Alain Dundes e outros, é rompida e, nesse processo, desvia-se da construção esquemática dos personagens dos contos tradicionais. Conforme neste trabalho se enfatizou, na passagem do tradicional ao literário, dá-se a quebra da exemplaridade, que é importante marca do conto popular. Pela inclusão das análises de capítulos de dois romances (Casa na Duna e Pequenos Burgueses), pretendeu-se pontualmente acrescentar como, reunindo o mítico, o anedótico e o mágico, essas mininarrativas recuperam o caráter oral dos causos famosos. O resgate de contos da tradição popular lhes dá ganho da longevidade nos romances de Carlos de Oliveira, pela competência artística de, transformando-os, atualizandoos, conceder-lhes outro futuro.The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the bond between the fictional prose of Carlos de Oliveira and the popular traditions. In order to do that, the first four novels of the author have been chosen: Casa na Duna (1943), Alcateia (1944), Pequenos Burgueses (1948), and Uma Abelha na Chuva (1953). In addition, as a subsidy, the Contos Tradicionais Portugueses, a collection of popular tales published in 1957 by Carlos de Oliveira and José Gomes Ferreira has been analyzed. The popular tale, a rich source of interdisciplinary information, anonymous and ubiquitous, is a living document of habits, ideas, and mentalities of people. Its representations have impregnated Carlos de Oliveira\'s fiction, an artist who lived in a poor, rural area called the Gândara, which, by its turn, ended up having an intense influence in his work. The representations of the popular imaginary that have been tracked by his novels include entities, beliefs, myths, proverbs, and popular sayings. As this work intended to unveil, tradition is not simply incorporated in his novels, but it\'s an issue and is viewed under the bias of irony and criticism. In his fictional writing, the fable linearity studied by Propp, Alain Dundes, and others is broken and the schemed construction of characters of the traditional tales is deviated in the process. As this work emphasizes, when it goes from the traditional to literary, there is a break of exemplary, which is one of the main characteristics of popular tales. Through the analyses of the chapters from two novels (Casa na Duna and Pequenos Burgueses), which connect the mythic, the anecdotal, and the enchantment, this work presents how these short narratives recover the oral character of the famous causos. The recovery of the tradition popular tales provides a gain of longevity in Carlos de Oliveira\'s novels, as his artistic competence is able to transform and update them, as well as grant them another future.
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Kuhn, Sascha, David Mosler, and Katharina Richter. "Energy Cooperation in the Caucasus: Continuity and Change in Russian-Turkish Relations." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-22947.
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This article explores the links between the remarkable change in Russian-Turkish foreign relations in the early 2000s and the geostrategic importance of the Caucasus for global energy security. For much of the 1990s, domestic instability and power distribution distracted both countries’ focus on regional issues. Mutual suspicion dominated the bilateral relations, when Turkey, a longstanding NATO stronghold with close ties to the United States and Europe, set out to gain ground in Russia’s traditional sphere of influence. The resulting strategic division of the Caucasus marked a period of continuity in Russian-Turkish relations and resembled the bipolar bloc formation of Cold War times. By drawing on the distinct accounts of Neo-Realism and Liberal Intergovernmentalism, this analysis provides an understanding of the determining factors that changed Russian-Turkish relations from standstill to intensified cooperation despite that national interests in the region proved to be largely consistent. Russia seeks to maintain its traditional hegemonic position and Turkey strives to become a ‘soft power’ in the region. However, central to the new phase of Russian-Turkish relations is a mutual interest in the Caucasus as a stable transport corridor for Caspian energy resources to European and global markets, and both Ankara and Moscow stand to benefit greatly from reconciling geopolitical competition and cooperation in the region.
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Pålstam, Alexander. "What are the Difficulties in Settling the South China Sea Dispute : Obstacles to Dispute Settlement Through the Lens of Liberal and Neo-Realist IR Theory." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för statsvetenskap (ST), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-79873.
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Sovereignty over the South China Sea waters and the territorial features therein has been a contentious issue since at least the 1970’s, with conflicting claims going back even further. Key concepts of Liberal and Neo-Realist International Relations Theory are used to assess respective theory’s explanatory capability for why the South China Sea Dispute is difficult to settle. The scope of the study is limited to three pairings of international relations: China-Philippines, China-Vietnam and China-USA. The analysis concerns the development of these sets of international relations from 2016 up until now. The findings point to unilateral action by one claimant in the face of contesting claims by another as being one of the main factors perpetuating the conflict. Treaties and international law are designed with Liberal development of international relations in mind, but in practice Neo-Realist hard power politics interrupts this development. Examples of disruptive action include attempts to unilaterally exploit natural resources in the region, settling features in the sea, doing construction work on features in the sea, as well as regular FONOPS conducted by navy ships in the region. Finally, there are difficulties settling on a mechanism for sovereignty settlement, as China makes its claims based on historic- or historical claims, rather than international law as it is written out in UNCLOS.
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McGowan, Neal L. "Is this Academy a place where teacher agency can flourish?" Thesis, University of Stirling, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/23087.
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This thesis is concerned with teacher agency and how this is achieved within the autonomous schooling model of England’s academies programme. The enquiry draws upon the empirical work conducted in a single case study sponsored academy (‘Bucklands Academy’ ) in 2012. The research was conducted in order to investigate whether the autonomy and freedoms afforded to one such school extended to the teachers working in it and how this affected their professional roles as classroom educators. The thesis begins by sharing my research interest, which relates to whether greater levels of school autonomy enhance the pedagogical approaches taken by teachers. This interest then develops towards the notion of teacher agency and asks the fundamental research question: Is this academy a place where teacher agency can flourish? The study sets out the policy context for academies in England, including an analysis of the historical development of state secondary schooling since 1944. It is shown that the continued ‘need’ to develop a new approach to schooling, eventually in the form of academies, started with claims of unfairness, discrimination and waste of talent brought about by the tripartite system of schooling established by the 1944 Education Act. It then analyses later concerns about the alleged failure of the comprehensive system to achieve its aim of raising standards for all children. The political contexts of state schooling are considered, and particular attention is given to the neo-liberal ideology developed after 1979 of ‘rolling back the state’, introducing choice and competition between schools and increasing the role of the private sector in the delivery of public services. However, the scope of the investigation is not restricted to the national policy context; the research interest lies in establishing what the key reforms have meant for teachers in the classroom and how this has affected the agency they achieve. A number of themes emerged in the review of key literature, including school autonomy, teacher professionalism, the policy to practice paradox and discourses around the academies programme. This thesis sets out a clear theoretical position, which draws upon the critical realist social theory developed by Roy Bhaskar and Margaret Archer. This approach offers a centrist alternative to what Pring (2000b) describes as the false dualism of the two epistemological positions of educational research. Critical realism posits that the world is real and that its structures exist beyond our understanding, but that our knowledge of this stratified world is socially constructed. Within the structure-agency debate, the ecological view of agency developed by Priestley et al. (2015) is adopted, which sees it as being context-dependent and something that individuals achieve in concrete settings. The empirical work within this study consisted of semi-structured interviews, observations and documentary analysis. The main findings from the research are that the case-study school had significant autonomy to develop its own policies and approaches to raising standards. However, this autonomy did not extend to any significant extent below the level of the academy sponsors and the principal. The school had developed a highly performative culture where teachers’ work was centrally directed and through which they were held highly accountable for the attainment of their students. It was found that the way in which autonomy was distributed throughout the school affected the agency of key stakeholders. The sponsors achieved high levels of agency, the principal achieved restricted agency and teachers achieved limited agency. It was found that teachers took one of two approaches to a new curricular reform being introduced by the academy sponsors. They either adopted it or used their limited agency to modify it so that it aligned more closely with their own educational philosophies. There was no indication that any teachers rejected the school’s reform, and it is suggested that this may have been the result of them subordinating this key policy to their ultimate concern of working in a school recognised by school inspectors to be highly effective. This thesis concludes that, contrary to the policy rhetoric, teachers working in one sponsored academy may have had less autonomy than those teaching in local authority maintained schools. This in turn affected the agency they achieved, which appears to undermine the original vision and aims of the academies programme. The thesis concludes by offering possible areas for further research which emerged during this study.
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Österlind, Christian. "There Will Be Blood: Southeast Asia as the Second Front on the War on Terror – A case study." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Institutionen för globala politiska studier (GPS), 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-23804.
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International terrorism is a relevant and acute issue to deal with for most states across the globe. The horrors and fear of the 9/11 terrorist attacks in 2001 in New York and Washington left governments with new priorities and challenges to cooperate and coordinate efforts to combat terrorism. Governments in Southeast Asia have been faced with the threat of terrorism for several decades, although it has increased during the last decade. This case study sets out to trace and analyze terrorism in Southeast Asia from a neo-realist perspective. The first research question deals with the fact that the region is being referred to as the “second front” on the war on terror, or as a “terrorist haven”. Further, by using a neo-realist framework, an analysis of the situation and the actions of governments in the region will be provided. Finally, according to neo-realist theory, regional cooperation is only peripheral to the actual struggles of power and balancing that states are involved in. Yet the Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN) is arguably an actor in combating terrorism in the region. Therefore, one of the objectives is to analyze these initiatives and to provide reflections for further action.
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Chin-Drian, Yannick. "Perception et réalité : aspects métaphysiques, ontologiques et épistémologiques." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LORR0362/document.
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La question centrale de cette étude est celle de savoir si les expériences perceptives peuvent être conçues comme des manières d’être réellement en contact avec le monde et si elles peuvent nous fournir des raisons d’entretenir certaines propositions à propos du monde, voire nous permettre d’acquérir des connaissances à son sujet. Cette compréhension intuitive de la perception est aujourd’hui comme hier largement combattue. Ce rejet passe généralement par l’adoption d’une forme ou d’une autre d’internalisme (de la perception et/ou de la justification et de la connaissance perceptive). Percevoir serait un phénomène purement ou essentiellement interne aux sujets dotés de capacités perceptives dont on pourrait douter qu’il puisse nous permettre de croire de manière justifiée ou de connaître quoi que ce soit. Peut-on éviter cette conclusion ? Peut-on apaiser les angoisses philosophiques qu’elle fait apparaître (sans pourtant affirmer y mettre fin ou encore qu’elles n’ont aucun sens) ? Tel est le but de cette étude. L’enquête philosophique proposée ici prend essentiellement trois formes: métaphysique, ontologique et épistémologique. Une investigation de la nature métaphysique de l’expérience perceptive est ensuite mise en œuvre. L’enjeu est alors de soutenir une forme assez robuste d’externalisme de la perception (Disjonctivisme métaphysique). De la nature de la perception, nous en venons dans une seconde partie à une réflexion ontologique sur la nature des propriétés avec lesquelles l’expérience perceptive nous met semble-t-il en contact. Le réalisme de la couleur est défendu contre diverses attaques antiréalistes. Les couleurs sont des propriétés réelles des choses auxquelles on les attribue correctement. Une ontologie réaliste, non réductive et non relationnelle des propriétés chromatiques est esquissée (Primitivisme de la couleur). Enfin, les enjeux épistémologiques de la perception sont mis en lumière et discutés. Nous défendons l’idée que l’expérience perceptive, en tant qu’elle nous met véritablement en contact avec le monde (objets, propriétés, faits, etc.), est un moyen par lequel certains êtres peuvent entretenir des croyances justifiées quoique cette justification soit non réflexive et prima facie. Différentes réponses aux attaques sceptiques contre la possibilité de connaître perceptivement certaines propositions sont enfin envisagées et rejetées. Une autre stratégie anti-sceptique est proposée (une défense néo-mooréenne de la possibilité de la connaissance perceptive, et une remise en cause du défi sceptique lui-même). Finalement, à la question philosophique classique « L’esprit peut-il réellement être en contact perceptif et cognitif avec le monde ? », rien ne nous force à répondre par la négative, que cette question soit abordée du point de vue de la métaphysique de la perception, d’un point de vue ontologique ou épistémologique. Du moins, c’est ce que notre étude cherche à montrer en soulignant à la fois qu’une réponse positive à cette question est parfaitement viable, voire correcte, et que la réponse négative a, quant à elle, toutes les chances d’être passablement erronéeThe main topic of this study is to discuss the idea according to which perceptual experiences sould be conceive as ways of being in contact with the world and perceptual experiences can give reasons for believing some propositions about the world and can give rise to knowledge. Lots of philosophers countervail this intuitive and naive conception of perception. This rejection is linked to the fact that they adopt an internalist conception of perception and/or justication and/or perceptual knowledge. Perceiving sould be conceive as an purely internal event of subjects which possess perceptual capacities. And so, one may doubt that they can have justifications for their beliefs or that they can know anything. Is it possible to avoid this conclusion ? How to alleviate philosophical fear that this conclusion gives rise ? That is the aim of this study. The proposed philosophical inquiry comes in three forms. In the first place, indirect conception of perception is examined and criticized. Afterwards, an inquiry about the nature of perceptual experience is pursued. The stake for us is to defend a strong form of externalism about perception (metaphysical disjunctivism). Then, in the second part of this work, we get into an ontological reflexion about the nature of properties that perceptual experience seems to acquaintance us with. Color Realism is defended against various antirealist objections. Colors are or can be real properties of things. A realist, non redutive and non relationnal ontology for chromatic properties is sketched (color Primitivism). Lastly, the epistemological stakes of perception are underlined and examined. We defend the idea that perceptual experience is a mean by which certain beings can have justified beliefs although this justification is not reflexive and prima facie. It can be so if it's true that perceptual experience puts us in contact with the world (objects, properties, facts, etc.). We examine and reject different replies to skeptical attacks against the possibility of knowing anything. Then, another strategy is proposed (a morean defense of perceptual knowledge and the questioning of skeptical challenge itself). In fact, from an metaphysical, ontological or epistemological point of view, we don't have to give a negative reponse to the classical and philosophical question "Can mind be really in perceptual and cognitive contact with the world ?" or so we think. Indeed, our study underlines that a positive reply to this question is sustainable, not to say correct, and that the negative reponse is probably wrong
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Aranda, García Jhonatan Andrés. "Libya, Syria and The Responsibilty to Protect: : A Case Study to determine what accounted for the different outcomes." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Sektionen för hälsa och samhälle (HOS), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-22523.
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Abstract: In 2011, the Libyan and Syrian crises caught the attention of the media and international society. Whereas the former reached a positive outcome in compliance with the application of the Responsibility to Protect norm, the latter continues to claim the lives of thousands of people to this day. Despite calls by the international community, China and Russia continue being an impediment for the adoption of measures in Syria in the name of the Responsibility to Protect. Their arguments are in line with the criticized Libyan intervention. Nevertheless, it is possible that the real reasons behind this shift of attitude from one crisis to another, are nothing more than a neo-realistic response to regional politics. Keywords: Libya, Syria, Responsibility to Protect (RtoP), Neo-realism, Social constructivism, China, Russia.
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Mija, Valeriu. "A solution to Moldova's Transdniestrian conflict : regional complex interdependence /." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2003. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion-image/03Jun%5FMija.pdf.
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Thesis (M.A. in International Security and Civil-Military Relations)--Naval Postgraduate School, June 2003.Thesis advisor(s): Jeff Knopf, Mikhail Tsypkin. Includes bibliographical references (p. 77-85). Also available online.
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Svanevie, Kajsa. "Evidensbaserat socialt arbete : Från idé till praktik." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för socialt arbete, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-28646.
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As an innovation Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) is designed as a tool for clinical problem solving. According to its theory of use EBP will bring a difference for policy makers, for professionals, for researchers and for service users. One question to be asked is whether EBP actually leads to the radical social change it is designed to accomplish. The aim of the study is to describe and analyse the outcome of the effort to establish EBP, with a focus on the case of social work in Sweden. The research questions are: What is EBP? Why are efforts made to establish EBP? What is the outcome of the EBP project? How can the outcome of the EBP project be explained? The case study was conducted on a critical realistic meta-theoretical ground with a focus on explanation of social change with an explicit actor-structure perspective. Methodologically, a narrative synthesis of studies was made. As a complement primary data were collected to fill empirical gaps. The state of things was described before and after the EBP-initiatives. Several helping theories – Kuhn’s theory of paradigm, program theory, neo-institutional theory and theory of diffusion – were used to analyse the empirically mapped outcome of the EBP project. The results show that the import of the original model of Evidence-Based Medicine (EBM) to social work is a part of a wider social movement in the helping and educational professions. The new model has influenced social work as a discipline, as a field of practice and as a field of policy. There are examples of full-scale implementations of EBP, although EBP has not reached a general status as daily practice. Some obstacles remain. The gradual adaption of EBP corresponds to criteria hold by Kuhn for a paradigm shift. Acceptance of the model has contributed to change the structure and function of social systems. At an organizational level, this change means on-going institutionalization. The innovation is influencing the way institutional actors conduct their work. Although the structural conditions have been optimal, the EBP-model has been debated with heat. The EBP-debate and policy-driven infrastructural efforts have brought a more in-depth examination of the model. So-called coercive, normative, and regulative isomorphisms were used to change organizations. The degree of institutionalization depended on the individuals and the organizations willingness and preparedness to change, to understand, and to put the model into practice. When actors used a less strict version of the original EBP model, the pace of cultural and institutional change slowed down.
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Jung, Kyung S. "Corporate governance of NOCs : the case of Korean Olympic Committee." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2013. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/13462.
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This study identifies the characteristics of seven key principles of good/corporate governance at three levels: as notions that originated in business; in their applications to sport through systematic review; and in relation to the interpretations given to them in the Olympic Movement. The aims of this study are, thus, to establish and utilise the IOC s definitions/interpretations and operationalisations of corporate and/or good governance developed in a western framework and apply to a non-western NOC, the Korean Olympic Committee (KOC). This study adopts critical realist assumptions which give rise to the hypothesis that both the regularities of the Korean society and its unobservable social structures have an impact on the corporate governance of the KOC. It also uses Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) to examine each interviewee s discourse in order to identify the knowledge embraced by it and to interpret social practice(s) and the exercise of power. CDA is employed in relation to four selected events follows: the KOC/KSC merger, budgetary planning, the recruitment of staff in terms of gender and disability equity and the processes used for selecting the KOC President and the Chef de Mission. The unobservable deep structure is shown to be real domain in Korean society by the social practices exhibited in the four events. The government and, in particular, the State President represent the highest and most influential authority in decision-making on Korean sports policy. That power relationship coupled with the pre-existing structure of the KOC/KSC s financial dependency on the government has resulted in a situation where the government has been able to interfere greatly in the KOC/KSC s overall decision-making on sports policy including the election of the President of the KOC. The KOC/KSC President is the most influential stakeholder in the decision-making within the organisation including the selection of Chef de Mission. As the pre-existing structure of cultural expectations determines that women should usually quit their jobs after marriage and that people with disabilities are incapable of working, the strongly male with abilities-dominated organisational culture has resulted in a social phenomenon whereby few females or people with impairments have succeeded in being promoted to senior positions. From the macro-level perspective, the first KOC/KSC merger accomplished on the orders of the State President shows the dominance of economic power as suggested in Marxist influenced forms of analysis. The incumbent KOC President, who is at the pinnacle of the business elite, contributed to the KOC/KSC merger, which illustrates the aspect of elitism. In connection with the budgetary process, this may be viewed as evidence of the existence of a neo-corporatist structure in which the state plays a central role and acts in a unitary way with the involvement of a limited number of actors. With respect to the meso-level perspective, the aspect of clientelism is exhibited since the government habitually appoints its political aides to be the heads of various sporting organisations. Concerning political governance, it becomes obvious that the government has direct control over KOC/KSC s policy. In terms of systemic governance, the relations among the domestic stakeholders of the KOC are more likely to follow a hierarchical type of governance, as the government has adopted the highest position and the National Federations are under the control of the KOC/KSC. With reference to Lukes (1974) second dimension of power this can be evidenced in the context of the non-decision making roles of women and the disabled. The IOC s interpretations of the key principles of corporate governance in a western framework are applied to the KOC. Accountability, responsibility, transparency and democracy are established but the KOC s governance practices are not equivalent, while effectiveness and efficiency are interpreted as the same ways of the IOC s. In general, power centralisation is apparent throughout the Korean cultural context. The KOC s power structure and organisational culture is likely to be concentrated to the KOC President within the organisation and broadly, the Korean government enjoys its power centralisation decision-making in the Korean context which gives rise to a peculiarly Korean way of interpreting and applying the principles of corporate governance. In such circumstances, nevertheless, where the KOC is making an effort to align its practices with the IOC s recommendations as much as possible, the indication is that the KOC is on course to reflect the IOC s governance practices.
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Carreira, Bruno Miguel Góis. "Da theoria à filosofia da praxis: materialisno histórico (neo)gramsciano e realismo crítico como quadro teórico para a análise do tribunal penal internacional." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Ciências Sociais e Políticas, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/5117.
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Tese de Mestrado em Relações InternacionaisEsta dissertação consiste no exercício teórico de experimentar o materialismo histórico (neo)gramsciano e o realismo crítico como quadro teórico para a análise do Tribunal Penal Internacional. Nesta dissertação inclui-se uma análise do Tribunal Penal Internacional de ‘forma a’ testar aquela articulação teórica. A problemática teórica é enquadrada nos debates da teoria das relações internacionais. As questões da ontologia, da epistemologia, da estrutura e da ação, da teoria do imperialismo, são avaliadas. Avaliados os elementos da realidade do Tribunal Penal Internacional e as referidas problemáticas da filosofia da praxis, é introduzido como complemento necessário esta abordagem científica uma perspetiva de comunitarismo socialista.
This dissertation concerns the problematic of (neo)Gramscian historical materialism and critical realism as a theoretical framework for analyzing the International Criminal Court. This thesis includes an analysis of the International Criminal Court 'in order to' test that theoretical articulation. The theoretical problem is framed in the debates of international relations theory. The questions of ontology, epistemology, structure and action, theory of imperialism, are assessed. Examining the elements of the reality of the ICC and those problems of the philosophy of praxis, this dissertation introduced as a necessary complement to this scientific approach one perspective of socialist communitarianism.
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Santos, Lisiane Pinto dos. "Relações de trabalho em 'Terras do Sem Fim', 'Gaibéus' e 'Terra Morta' : universos que se tocam." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/15350.
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Esta teve tem por objetivo examinar as relações de trabalho em contextos específicos, através de três obras representativas, à luz das questões estético-ideológicas do Romance de 30 brasileiro, do Neo-Realismo português e do Neo-Realismo angolano. Para tanto foram escolhidos os romances Terras do Sem Fim, de Jorge Amado; Gaibéus, de Alves Redol; e Terra Morta, de Castro Soromenho, enfocando a representação do trabalho e do trabalhador. A investigação, essencialmente bibliográfica, foi norteada por uma recuperação do pensamento ideológico que moldou a sociedade até o presente da produção das obras em estudo. Para isso foram recuperados os estudos de Platão, Aristóteles, Augusto Comte, Karl Marx, Georg Lukács e Lucien Goldman. A questão da ideologia direcionou a leitura realizada das obras. A tese foi dividida em duas partes, sendo que a primeira tem dois capítulos e compreende a fundamentação teórica; e a segunda parte possuiu três capítulos, que se referem ao estudo das obras brasileira, portuguesa e angolana, respectivamente. No primeiro capítulo, realizou-se uma recuperação da evolução ideológica da sociedade que se refletiram nas produções literárias. Já o segundo capítulo abordou a questão da ideologia dos períodos literários Romance de 30 brasileiro e o Neo-Realismo português e angolano. O primeiro capítulo da segunda parte apresenta a leitura feita do romance Terras do Sem Fim, no qual Jorge Amado procurou representar a sociedade cacaueira do Sul da Bahia. A leitura da obra portuguesa, Gaibéus, coloca em cena os trabalhadores colhedores de arroz da região do Ribatejo. Finalmente, o terceiro capítulo, examina a obra Terra Morta, na qual Castro Soromenho critica o colonialismo português. Enfim, ratificando a importância da temática estudada, entende-se que a investigação empreendida contribuiu sobremaneira para a comprovocação do objetivo proposto, isto é, a exclusão de classe que vitimiza os trabalhadores numa sociedade capitalista é similar nas três obras em estudo. Palavras-chave: Jorge Amado. Alves Redol. Castro Soromenho. Romance de 30. Neo- Realismo português e angolano. Trabalho.This dissertation aims to investigate the relationship of work in specific contexts, trough three representative books, in light of aesthetic-ideological questions of Brazilian Romance on 30, of the Portuguese Neo-Realism and of the Angolan Neo-Realism. For both were chosen the novels of Lands Without End, by Jorge Amado; Gaibéus, Alves Redol; and Dead Earth, Castro Soromenho, focusing on the representation of workmanship and worker. The investigation, essentially bibliographical, was guided by a recovery of the ideological idea that shaped the society until the present of production of the books in study. For that were recovered the studies of Plato, Aristotle, August Comte, Karl Marx, Gerog Lukács and Lucien Goldman. The ideological question directed the performed reading of the books. The dissertation was divided into two parts, and the first has two chapters and includes the theorical fundamentation; the second part has three chapters, which refer to the study of the Brazilian, Portuguese and Angolan books, respectively. In the first chapter, a recovery of the ideological evolution of the society that were reflected in the literary productions. Once the second chapter approached the ideological questions of the literary periods of Romance of 30 and the Portuguese and Angolan Neo-Realism. The first chapter of the second part shows the reading of the novel Lands Without End, in which Jorge Amado tried to represent the cocoa society from South of Bahia. The reading of the Portuguese book, Gaibéus, puts into play the workers harvesters of rice in the region of Ribatejo. Finally, the third chapter examines the book Dead Earth, in which Castro Soromenho criticizes the Portuguese colonialism. At last, confirming the importance of the studied topic, it is understood that the undertaken investigation contributed considerably to the attestation of the proposed objective, namely the exclusion of class that victimizes workers in a Capitalist society is similar in the three books under study.
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Glomm, Anna Sandaker. "Graphic revolt! : Scandinavian artists' workshops, 1968-1975 : Røde Mor, Folkets Ateljé and GRAS." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/3171.
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This thesis examines the relationship between the three artists' workshops Røde Mor (Red Mother), Folkets Ateljé (The People's Studio) and GRAS, who worked between 1968 and 1975 in Denmark, Sweden and Norway. Røde Mor was from the outset an articulated Communist graphic workshop loosely organised around collective exhibitions. It developed into a highly productive and professionalised group of artists that made posters by commission for political and social movements. Its artists developed a familiar and popular artistic language characterised by imaginative realism and socialist imagery. Folkets Ateljé, which has never been studied before, was a close knit underground group which created quick and immediate responses to concurrent political issues. This group was founded on the example of Atelier Populaire in France and is strongly related to its practices. Within this comparative study it is the group that comes closest to collective practises around 1968 outside Scandinavia, namely the democratic assembly. The silkscreen workshop GRAS stemmed from the idea of economic and artistic freedom, although socially motivated and politically involved, the group never implemented any doctrine for participation. The aim of this transnational study is to reveal common denominators to the three groups' poster art as it was produced in connection with a Scandinavian experience of 1968. By ‘1968' it is meant the period from the late 1960s till the end of the 1970s. It examines the socio-political conditions under which the groups flourished and shows how these groups operated in conjunction with the political environment of 1968. The thesis explores the relationship between political movements and the collective art making process as it appeared in Scandinavia. To present a comprehensible picture of the impact of 1968 on these groups, their artworks, manifestos, and activities outside of the collective space have been discussed. The argument has presented itself that even though these groups had very similar ideological stances, their posters and techniques differ. This has impacted the artists involved to different degrees, yet made it possible to express the same political goals. It is suggested to be linked with the Scandinavian social democracies and common experience of the radicalisation that took place mostly in the aftermath of 1968 proper. By comparing these three groups' it has been uncovered that even with the same socio-political circumstances and ideological stance divergent styles did develop to embrace these issue.
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Cheng, ChihYao, and 鄭之堯. "China's ASEAN Policy: A Neo-realism Perspective." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/15241179881035581995.
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碩士國立臺北大學
公共行政暨政策學系
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The research question of this article is to observe that china has involved in Southeast Asia’s international affairsactively since 2000, and to analyze and discuss "What is China’s policy and purpose in the Southeast Asia?", "How does China’s policy influence to the power structure of East Asia?", "China’s policy as may be subject to what limitations and constraints?"; The research objective is to understand the policies adopted by the Chinese as the possible impact of the power structure of East Asia, to provide Taiwan some inspiration on cross-strait relations in the future, and to clarify the implications of China’s policy as to increase our awareness and understanding of China. The research methods consist of Document analysis and Historical analysis. First, this article collects academic books and literature of particular scholar, to construct the framework of Neo-realism theory. Second, focus on research questions, this article collects specialized books, treaties, Journalist, etc. Third, this article alsogets the data and information from the official website, media website, think tank website, to clarify this article would explore research questions. The research contents are to observe China’s Southeast Asia policy by Neo-realism perspective. The paper discusses the cooperation between China and ASEAN in the field of security as well as economic and trade fields, especially the policies adopted by China in order to promote the ASEAN countries the willingness of cooperation. In addition, we are also concerned about the dispute over sovereignty in the South China Sea as well as the key role played by the United States in East Asia. Mainly because the limiting factor of the structure and of geopolitical interests, will also cause a certain degree of control and influence on China's policy in Southeast Asia. The results of this study show China signed with ASEAN, including "Framework Agreement on Comprehensive Economic Co-operation","Joint Declaration of China and ASEAN on Cooperation in the Field of Non-traditional Security Issues," taking many positive policies to eliminate the concerns of ASEAN, to promote ASEAN's willingness to cooperate especially. The policies adopted by China can regarded as China actively expands its influence in Southeast Asia, reaches the great power status and wants to participate in shaping the international system, rather than respond to the international system. Obviously, China changed the power structure of East Asia, making the United States need to respond to this change after the end of the global war on terror. China policy as subject to the constraints and limitations of the structure as well as the geopolitical level: First, the United States is the most powerful hegemonic actors in East Asia, so the United States’ policy of Return to Asia as may be deemed the United States taking the power rebalancing action in order to sustain the primacy of U.S.; Second, the dispute over sovereignty in the South China Sea may affect not only the ASEAN countries for the assessment of long-term intentions of China, as well as their attitude of the United States involvement in the international affairs of the region. Therefore, the possible constraints of structure and geopolitical will influence China’s purpose of regional great power. China needs to think about the issues carefully, especially making the most conducive to China’s national interest decision when the rise of domestic nationalist sentiment.