Relevant bibliographies by topics / Neisseri meningitidis serogroup B

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Academic literature on the topic 'Neisseri meningitidis serogroup B'

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Published: 14 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Neisseri meningitidis serogroup B"

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Kepenekli Kadayifci, Eda, Deniz Güneşer Merdan, Ahmet Soysal, Ayşe Karaaslan, Serkan Atıcı, Rıza Durmaz, Perran Boran, İhsan Turan, Güner Söyletir, and Mustafa Bakır. "Prevalence of Neisseria meningitidis carriage: a small-scale survey in Istanbul, Turkey." Journal of Infection in Developing Countries 10, no. 04 (April 28, 2016): 413–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3855/jidc.7483.

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Introduction: The human nasopharynx is the main reservoir of Neisseria meningitidis, and asymptomatic carriage is common. N. meningitidis one of the common causes of bacterial meningitis in Turkey, especially after the implementation of the national immunization program that includes conjugated pneumococcal and Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccines. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of meningococcal carriage and determine the leading serogroup, which may help authorities to adapt appropriate meningococal vaccine into the national immunization programme. Methodology: The prevalence of oropharyngeal carriage of N. meningitidis in 1,000 healthy subjects, 0–79 years of age, was investigated. Oropharyngeal swabs were collected during an 18-month period. Samples obtained were inoculated onto Thayer-Martin agar. The API-NH test and VITEK-MS system were used for identification of colonies. Multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction assay was used to determine serogroups with serogroup-specific genes. Results: N. meningitidis was isolated from 6 of 1,000 subjects (0.6%). Meningoccocal carriers were between 21 and 40 years of age. All isolates were serogrouped as B, except one that did not survive on subculture. N. lactamica was isolated from 13 of 1,000 subjects (1.3%). Conclusions: Carriage rate of meningococci in our study was relatively low. However, we detected that serogroup B was the leading strain in meningococcal carriage in Istanbul; choosing an appropriate meningococcal vaccine containing serogroup B should therefore be considered. High absolute humidity throughout the year in Istanbul may explain the low prevalence of carriage in our study. This should be verified with a multicenter national survey.
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HILSE, R., J. STOEVESANDT, D. A. CAUGANT, H. CLAUS, M. FROSCH, and U. VOGEL. "Distribution of the meningococcal insertion sequence IS1301 in clonal lineages of Neisseria meningitidis." Epidemiology and Infection 124, no. 2 (April 2000): 337–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268899003647.

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The distribution of the meningococcal insertion sequence IS1301 was analysed in 496 strains of different serogroups and clonal lineages of Neisseria meningitidis, and in 64 neisserial strains other than N. meningitidis. IS1301 was found in meningococci, but not in apathogenic Neisseria sp. and Neisseria gonorrhoeae. The copy numbers of IS1301 varied between 2 and 17 per genome. IS1301 positive strains were mostly found among the serogroups 29E, W135, X, and Y. Clonal lineages of serogroup A, B, and C meningococci associated with epidemic meningococcal disease were rarely positive for IS1301.
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Kourna Hama, Mamadou, Dam Khan, Boubou Laouali, Catherine Okoi, Abdoulaye Yam, Moussa Haladou, Archibald Worwui, et al. "Pediatric Bacterial Meningitis Surveillance in Niger: Increased Importance of Neisseria meningitidis Serogroup C, and a Decrease in Streptococcus pneumoniae Following 13-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Introduction." Clinical Infectious Diseases 69, Supplement_2 (September 5, 2019): S133—S139. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciz598.

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Abstract Background Meningitis is endemic in Niger. Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) vaccine and the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) were introduced in 2008 and 2014, respectively. Vaccination campaign against Neisseria meningitidis serogroup A was carried out in 2010–2011. We evaluated changes in pathogen distribution using data from hospital-based surveillance in Niger from 2010 through 2016. Methods Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) specimens from children <5 years old with suspected meningitis were tested to detect vaccine-preventable bacterial pathogens. Confirmatory identification and serotyping/grouping of Streptococcus pneumoniae, N. meningitidis, and H. influenzae were done. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing and whole genome sequencing were performed on S. pneumoniae isolates. Results The surveillance included 2580 patients with suspected meningitis, of whom 80.8% (2085/2580) had CSF collected. Bacterial meningitis was confirmed in 273 patients: 48% (131/273) was N. meningitidis, 45% (123/273) S. pneumoniae, and 7% (19/273) H. influenzae. Streptococcus pneumoniae meningitis decreased from 34 in 2014, to 16 in 2016. PCV13 serotypes made up 88% (7/8) of S. pneumoniae meningitis prevaccination and 20% (5/20) postvaccination. Neisseria meningitidis serogroup C (NmC) was responsible for 59% (10/17) of serogrouped N. meningitidis meningitis. Hib caused 67% (2/3) of the H. influenzae meningitis isolates serotyped. Penicillin resistance was found in 16% (4/25) of S. pneumoniae isolates. Sequence type 217 was the most common lineage among S. pneumoniae isolates. Conclusions Neisseria meningitidis and S. pneumoniae remain important causes of meningitis in children in Niger. The decline in the numbers of S. pneumoniae meningitis post-PCV13 is encouraging and should continue to be monitored. NmC is the predominant serogroup causing N. meningitidis meningitis.
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Wang, Quan, Zhujun Shao, Xiaoting Wang, Yuan Gao, Machao Li, Li Xu, Jianguo Xu, and Lei Wang. "Genetic Study of Capsular Switching between Neisseria meningitidis Sequence Type 7 Serogroup A and C Strains." Infection and Immunity 78, no. 9 (July 12, 2010): 3883–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.00363-10.

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ABSTRACT Neisseria meningitidis is a leading cause of septicemia and meningitis worldwide. N. meningitidis capsular polysaccharides have been classified into 13 distinct serogroups which are defined by antibody reactivity and structural analysis, and the capsule plays an important role in virulence. Serogroups A, B, C, W135, and Y have been reported to be clinically important. Several newly identified serogroup C isolates belonging to the unique sequence type 7 (ST-7) were identified in China. Since most ST-7 isolates from China belonged to serogroup A, the newly identified ST-7 serogroup C strains were proposed to have arisen from those belonging to ST-7 serogroup A. In this study, six ST-7 serogroup C and three ST-7 serogroup A isolates were analyzed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis to confirm their sequence type. In order to clarify the genetic basis of capsular switching between ST-7 serogroup A and C strains, the whole capsular gene clusters and surrounding genes of the two representative ST-7 strains belonging to serogroups A and C, respectively, were sequenced and compared. Potential recombination sites were analyzed using the RDP3 beta software, and recombination-related regions in two other ST-7 serogroup A and five ST-7 serogroup C strains were also sequenced and compared to the representative ST-7 serogroup A and C strain sequences.
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Abady, N. R., C. J. D. Guglielmino, R. M. Graham, J. Adelskov, H. V. Smith, B. K. C. Patel, and A. V. Jennison. "Genetic characterization of a Neisseria meningitidis cluster in Queensland, Australia." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 63, no. 7 (July 2017): 644–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjm-2017-0017.

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Neisseria meningitidis serogroups B and C have been responsible for the majority of invasive meningococcal disease in Australia, with serogroup B strains causing an increasing proportion of cases in recent years. Serogroup Y has typically caused sporadic disease in Australia. In 2002, a cluster of 4 cases was reported from a rural region in Queensland. Three of these cases were serogroup C, with 1 case diagnosed by molecular detection only, and the fourth case was identified as a serogroup Y infection. Genomic analysis, including antigen finetyping, multilocus sequence typing (MLST), and core genome MLST, demonstrated that the serogroup Y case, though spatially and temporally linked to a serogroup C disease cluster, was not the product of a capsule switch and that one of the serogroup C isolates had a deletion of the entire porA sequence.
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Li, Yanwen, Yao-hui Sun, Cathy Ison, Myron M. Levine, and Christoph M. Tang. "Vaccination with Attenuated Neisseria meningitidis Strains Protects against Challenge with Live Meningococci." Infection and Immunity 72, no. 1 (January 2004): 345–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.72.1.345-351.2004.

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ABSTRACT Meningococcal disease is a life-threatening infection caused by Neisseria meningitidis. Currently, there are no vaccines to prevent infection with serogroup B N. meningitidis strains, the leading cause of meningococcal meningitis in Europe and North America. Here we describe the construction and characterization of two attenuated serogroup B N. meningitidis strains, YH102 (MC58Δsia ΔrfaF) and YH103 (MC58Δsia ΔmetH). Both strains are markedly attenuated in their capacity to cause bacteremia in rodent models and have a reduced ability to survive in a human whole-blood assay. Immunization of adult mice with these strains leads to the development of bactericidal antibodies and confers sterilizing protection against challenge with homologous live bacteria. Furthermore, we show that the strains confer protection against infection by other serogroups. Use of the attenuated strains in animals with gene knockouts or after depletion of immunological effectors could be used to define the basis of protection, and human volunteer studies could be undertaken to examine the immune response following exposure to this important human pathogen.
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Stabler, Richard A., Gemma L. Marsden, Adam A. Witney, Yanwen Li, Stephen D. Bentley, Christoph M. Tang, and Jason Hinds. "Identification of pathogen-specific genes through microarray analysis of pathogenic and commensal Neisseria species." Microbiology 151, no. 9 (September 1, 2005): 2907–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.28099-0.

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The release of the complete genome sequences of Neisseria meningitidis MC58 and Z2491 along with access to the sequences of N. meningitidis FAM18 and Neisseria gonorrhoeae FA1090 allowed the construction of a pan-Neisseria microarray, with every gene in all four genomes represented. The microarray was used to analyse a selection of strains including all N. meningitidis serogroups and commensal Neisseria species. For each strain, genes were defined as present, divergent or absent using gack analysis software. Comparison of the strains identified genes that were conserved within N. meningitidis serogroup B strains but absent from all commensal strains tested, consisting of mainly virulence-associated genes and transmissible elements. The microarray was able to distinguish between pilin genes, pilC orthologues and serogroup-specific capsule biosynthetic genes, and to identify dam and drg genotypes. Previously described N. meningitidis genes involved in iron response, adherence to epithelial cells, and pathogenicity were compared to the microarray analysis. The microarray data correlated with other genetic typing methods and were able to predict genotypes for uncharacterized strains and thus offer the potential for a rapid typing method. The subset of pathogen-specific genes identified represents potential drug or vaccine targets that would not eliminate commensal neisseriae and the associated naturally acquired immunity.
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Portilho, Amanda Izeli, Gabriela Trzewikoswki de Lima, and Elizabeth De Gaspari. "Neisseria meningitidis: analysis of pili and LPS in emerging Brazilian strains." Therapeutic Advances in Vaccines and Immunotherapy 8 (January 2020): 251513552091919. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2515135520919195.

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Background: Neisseria meningitidis is the main cause of bacterial meningitis in Brazil, where the main serogroups isolated are B and C; however, the serogroup W has recently emerged. LPS and type IV pili are important virulence factors that increase meningococci pathogenicity. Methods: The characterization of Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and type IV pili in 19 meningococci strains of serogroup B, 21 of serogroup C, 45 of serogroup W and 28 of serogroup Y, isolated in Brazil between 2011 and 2017, was conducted using the Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (Dot- ELISA) technique and monoclonal antibodies. Results: We would like to emphasize the importance of characterizing relevant antigens, such as pili and LPS, the use of monoclonal antibodies to support it, and how such studies improve vaccine development and monitoring. Most of the strains studied presented L3,7,9 LPS and type IV pili; both antigens are associated with the capacity to cause invasive disease. Conclusion: Due to the impact of meningococcal disease, it is important to maintain and improve vaccine studies. Epitopes characterization provides data about the virulence of circulating strains. The use of monoclonal antibodies and serological techniques are relevant and support vaccine development.
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Ceyhan, Mehmet, Yasemin Ozsurekci, Cihangül Bayhan, Nezahat Gurler, Enes Sali, Melike Keser Emiroglu, Fatma Nur Öz, et al. "682. The Changing Epidemiology of Bacterial Meningitis During 2015–2017 in Turkey: A Hospital-Based Prospective Surveillance Study." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 5, suppl_1 (November 2018): S246. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofy210.689.

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Abstract Background The etiology of bacterial meningitis in Turkey has been changed after the implementation of conjugated vaccines against Streptococcus pneumonia and Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) in Turkish national immunization schedule. Methods. This prospective study was conducted in 25 hospitals located seven regions of Turkey (representing 30% of Turkey population) and children aged between 1 month and 18 years with suspected meningitis and hospitalized were included. Cerebrospinal fluid samples were collected and bacterial identification was made according to the multiplex PCR assay results. Results. During the study period, 927 children were hospitalized for suspected meningitis and Hib (n:1), S. pneumonia (n:17) and Neisseria meningitidis (n:59) were detected in 77 samples (Figure 1, Table 1). During 2015–2016, N. meningitidis serogroup W, B, A, Y, X frequencies were as 5 (13.9%), 16 (44.4%), 1 (2.8%), 1 (2.8%), 1 (2.8%), respectively. There were 12 nongroupable N. meningitidis samples and serogroup C was not detected. In 2017, of meningococcal meningitis serogroup B, W, A, Y and X were identified in two (8.7%), 15 (65.2%), two (8.7%), 1 (4.3%) and 1 (4.3%) cases, respectively (Figure 2). There were four deaths in this study period, all of them were caused by N. meningitidis serogroup B and three of them were under 1 year old. Conclusion. The epidemiology of meningococcal diseases has been varied in time with or without any apparent reasons. Hajj is a well-known cause for serogroup W epidemics and serogorup W was the most common cause of meningitis in Turkey during 2009–2014 as in other Middle East countries. After the impact of serogroup W epidemics related to Hajj seen in 2010’s was diminished, serogroup B has been leading cause of childhood meningitis since 2015. In countries affected from Hajj like Turkey, vaccination of children with serogroup B meningococcal vaccine as well as quadrivalentconjugated vaccine seems to be very important. It should be kept in mind that meningococcal epidemiology is dynamic and needed to be closely monitored to detect changes in years Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.
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Caesar, Nicole M., Kenneth A. Myers, and Xin Fan. "Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B vaccine development." Microbial Pathogenesis 57 (April 2013): 33–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.micpath.2013.02.003.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Neisseri meningitidis serogroup B"

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Horton, Rachel. "The mucosal immune response to Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.424640.

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Lucidarme, Jay. "Potential coverage of an investigational, multi-component, meningococcal vaccine with a focus on the ST-269 clonal complex." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2012. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/potential-coverage-of-an-investigational-multicomponent-meningococcal-vaccine-with-a-focus-on-the-st269-clonal-complex(a686ee75-58c8-4e86-9f23-1342ca750696).html.

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Development of a broadly cross-protective capsular group B meningococcal (MenB) vaccine has been hampered by poor capsular immunogenicity and often diverse and poorly cross-protective subcapsular antigens. The MenB MC58 strain genome has facilitated the discovery of novel, relatively conserved vaccine candidates. The four-component MenB (4CMenB) investigational vaccine contains factor H-binding protein (fHbp; variant 1), neisserial heparin-binding antigen (NHBA), Neisserial adhesin A (NadA) and PorA P1.4-containing outer membrane vesicles. The latter are known to elicit protection against homologous strains. Clinical trials have demonstrated protective responses in infants and adults against isolates expressing homologous PorA or fHbp (subvariant 1.P1), or heterologous NadA (variant 2). Cross-protective responses have also been demonstrated in adults and, to a lesser extent, infants, against isolates expressing heterologous fHbp variant 1 subvariants. The contribution of NHBA is still poorly understood. MenB currently accounts for 87% of invasive meningococcal disease in England and Wales. The proportion of disease due to the ST-269 clonal complex (cc269) peaked at 45.6% in 2006 and is currently approximately 24.2%. The aims of this study were (i) to genotypically assess potential 4CMenB coverage against recent English and Welsh invasive disease isolates and, specifically, cc269 isolates from England and Wales and other countries, (ii) to compare phenotypic expression levels of the 4CMenB antigens (excluding PorA) among typical cc269 isolates, and (iii) to assess 4CMenB responses against typical cc269 isolates among healthy adults administered 4CMenB.Full length alleles for fHbp variant 1, NHBA and NadA variants 1, 2 and 3 were present in 64.6%, >99% and 7.1%, respectively, of English and Welsh invasive disease isolates from 2007/8. Between 67.5% and >99% (adults) or 25.7% and 43.5% (infants) of the isolates were predicted to be covered by 4CMenB. cc269 comprised two antigenically distinct lineages (clusters) centred around ST-269 and ST-275, respectively. These accounted for 57% and 40% of cc269 in 2007/8. Both clusters effectively lacked nadA and PorA P1.4. The predominant fHbp;NHBA profiles represented by the respective clusters were 1.P15;P0021 and (1.P13 or 2.P19);P0017. Between 77.4% and 100% (adults) or 2.2% and 27.1% (infants) of cc269 isolates from 2007/8 were predicted to be covered by 4CMenB. Estimates for infants were conservative due to e.g. the exclusion of NHBA. Serum bactericidal antibody (SBA) analyses targeting typical fHbp variant 1-expressing cc269 strains, indicated high levels of coverage among adults administered 4CMenB. Notable differences among genotypically matched isolates e.g. in terms of SBA geometric mean titres, were not reflected in the relative fHbp and NHBA expression levels. Such differences may lead to conflicting estimates of coverage in infant populations. Whilst these are investigated further it seems prudent to use typical isolates giving mid-range responses when assessing SBA, and therefore protection, among infants. Potential 4CMenB coverage of cc269 and the broader meningococcal population in England and Wales was high among adults and encouraging among infants when compared to that of existing MenB vaccines.
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Dutta, Ray Tathagat. "Novel Complement Blocking Antibodies Against Serogroup B N. meningitidis: A Dissertation." eScholarship@UMMS, 2010. https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsbs_diss/495.

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N. meningitidis is a common commensal of the human upper respiratory tract and a leading cause of bacterial meningitis and septicemia worldwide. The classical pathway of complement (C) is essential for both naturally acquired and vaccine induced immunity against N. meningitidis. Qualitative and/or quantitative differences in anti-meningococcal antibodies (Abs) in serum is one reason for variations in C-dependent bactericidal Ab activity among individuals. I showed that IgG isolated from select individuals could block killing of group B meningococci by Abs that were otherwise bactericidal. Ligand overlay immunoblots revealed that these blocking IgG Abs were directed against a meningococcal antigen called H.8, Killing of meningococci in reactions containing bactericidal mAbs and human blocking Abs was restored when blocking Ab binding to meningococci was inhibited (or competed for) using either synthetic peptides corresponding to H.8 or a non-blocking mAb against H.8. Further, genetic deletion of H.8 from target organisms abrogated blocking. The Fc region of the blocking IgG was required for blocking because F(ab)2 fragments alone generated by pepsin treatment were ineffective. Blocking required IgG glycosylation; deglycosylation of blocking IgG with peptide:N-glycanase (PNGase) eliminated blocking. C4 deposition mediated by a bactericidal mAb directed against a meningococcal vaccine candidate, called factor H-binding protein (fHbp), was reduced by blocking Ab. Anti-fHbp-mediated C4 deposition was unaffected, however, by deglycosylated blocking IgG. Although preliminary, our data suggests blocking of serum bactericidal activity by human anti-H.8 blocking antibody may require mannan-binding lectin (MBL), which itself is a complement activator. Also, whether MBL recruits a complement inhibitor(s) that facilitates blocking remains to be determined. In conclusion, we have identified H.8 as a meningococcal target for novel blocking antibodies that are commonly found in human serum. Blocking Ab may reduce the efficacy of meningococcal vaccines. We propose that outer membrane vesicle-containing meningococcal vaccines may be more efficacious if purged of subversive immunogens such as H.8.
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Lövkvist, Lena. "Receptor interactions between pathogenic bacteria and host cells /." Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Uppsala universitetsbibliotek [distributör], 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-7782.

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Sadarangani, Manish. "Evaluation of a potential vaccine against hyperinvasive serogroup B Neisseria meningitidis by assessment of the effects of surface-expressed Opacity-associated proteins on the immune system." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:1c137f32-a37d-4cd4-bac0-4c0a927564bd.

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Neisseria meningitidis causes 500,000 cases of meningitis and septicaemia annually worldwide, with a mortality rate of approximately 10%. Most disease in developed countries is caused by serogroup B infection, against which there is no universal vaccine. Opa proteins are major meningococcal outer membrane proteins, and a limited number of Opa variants have been associated with hyperinvasive serogroup B meningococci, suggesting their use as a potential novel vaccine. Immunisation of mice with recombinant Opa elicited high levels of meningococcal-specific serum bactericidal antibody (SBA), demonstrating proof in principle of this approach. Opa proteins mediate bacterial adherence to host cells and modulate human cellular immunity, and there are conflicting data regarding their effects on CD4⁺ T cells. opa genes from N. meningitidis strain H44/76 were cloned into the plasmid vector pBluescript, disrupted using antibiotic resistance cassettes and transformed into H44/76 to sequentially disrupt the four opa genes. This produced a unique panel of 15 isogenic Opa-deficient strains, including an Opa-negative strain, which enabled investigation of the immunomodulatory role of surface-expressed Opa proteins. There was no consistent effect of Opa expressed on the surface of OMVs and inactivated bacteria on CD4⁺ T cells, with significant heterogeneity of responses between individuals. The rate of Opa phase variation was between 10-3 and 10-4, and increased 180-fold following transformation of bacteria with unrelated DNA. These data support further investigation of Opa as a potential meningococcal vaccine component, and highlight the importance of host and bacterial factors in the development of OMV vaccines.
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TERRANOVA, LEONARDO. "NEISSERIA MENINGITIDIS SEROGROUP B CARRIAGE BY ADOLESCENTS AND YOUNG ADULTS LIVING IN MILAN, ITALY: GENETIC CHARACTERISTICS AND POTENTIAL CORRELATION WITH PRESENTLY AVAILABLE MENB VACCINE." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/612011.

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Recently, two vaccines against meningococcal serogroup B have been developed. They are prepared according to the reverse vaccinology approach and contain four and two cross-reactive surface proteins. These vaccines, manufactured by GSK and Pfizer, are Bexsero (4CMenB) and Trumenba (MenB-fHbp) respectively. In Italy Bexsero vaccine has been included in the official vaccination schedule and is recommended for infants, adolescents and adults, whereas Trumenba is recommended for adolescents. In order to collect information about the present carriage of Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B in Italian adolescents and to evaluate the potential protection offered by the presently available MenB vaccines, 2,560 otherwise healthy, high school students aged 14-21 years (907 males, 35.4%, median age 16.2 years) were enrolled in Milan, Italy. A swab to collect posterior pharynx secretions was collected from each subject and meningococcal identification, serogrouping, multilocus sequence typing analysis, sequence alignments and phylogenetic analysis were performed. A total of 135 (5.3%) adolescents were meningococcal carriers. Strains belonging to serogroup B were the most common (n = 58; 43%), followed by MenY (n = 32; 23.7%), MenC (n = 7; 5.2%), MenW135 (n = 6; 4.4%) and MenX (n = 5; 3.7%). The remaining bacteria were not capsulated. The identified MenB strains belonged to eleven clonal complexes (CCs): ST-162 CC (n = 12; 20.7%), ST-865 CC (n = 12; 20.7%), ST-41/44/Lin.3 CC (n = 11; 19.0%), ST-35 CC (n = 6; 10.3%), ST-32/ET-5 CC (n = 4; 6.9%), ST-269 CC (n = 3; 5.2%), ST-213 CC (n = 2; 3.4%), ST-198 CC (n = 1; 1.7%), ST-461 CC (n = 1; 1.7%), ST-549 CC (n = 1; 1.7%), and ST-750 CC (n = 1; 1.7%). The analysis of proteins included in two vaccines show that, regarding fHbp gene, all strains except 3 harbored fHbp alleles represented by a total of 31 sub-variants: 18 in variant 1 (v.1 n=25; 45.4%), 8 in variant 2 (v.2 n=25; 45.4%) and 5 in variant 3 (v.3, n=5; 9.1%). The data concerning the percentage of amino acid identity shows that for the detected fHbp sub-variants 1 the identity towards Bexsero varies from 90.9% to 99.2% (median: 96.1%) instead against Trumenba varies from 87.7% to 93.1% (median: 89.2%). The identity regarding detected sub-variant 3 towards the MenB fHbp varies from 93.7% to 100% (median 97.6%). The gene for NHBA protein was found in all strains except for 6 (10.3%) and 21 sub-variants were identified. The sub-variants had an amino acid identity towards the protein included in the Bexsero varying from 71.3% to 99.8% (median: 76%). PorA gene were identified in 53 out of the 58 (91.4%) studied MenB strains and 22 porA sub-types were identified. The amino acid identity between the studied porA proteins and those were included in the Bexsero vaccine was not less than 88.1% (median: 91.8%). The gene for NadA proteins was not detected in any of the 58 studied strains, as expected in carried strains. In conclusion, in adolescent living in Milan, Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B was the most commonly carried followed by serogroup Y. The MenB vaccines presently licensed induce the production of antibodies effective against the greatest part of the identified MenB strains. Monitoring carriage remains essential to evaluate MenB circulation and long-term studies will be useful to evaluate the effects on the carriage and the final efficacy of both new MenB vaccines.
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NDONI, ENEA. "Characterization of the immune response and cross protection activity elicited by the Neisserial Heparin Binding Antigen (NHBA), a component of the 4CMenB vaccine." Doctoral thesis, Università di Siena, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11365/1011542.

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Invasive disease caused by capsular group B Neisseria meningitidis (MenB) is life threating disease causing hundred thousands of deaths every year, still remaining an unmet medical need in many countries. Although disease can be observed at all age groups, infants and adolescents are the most at risk populations showing the highest incidence in case numbers. Since the MenB capsule was not-immunogenic the development of a MenB vaccine which makes the use of other antigens becomes necessary. 4CMenB is a multicomponent vaccine against serogroup B N. meningitidis composed by three major protein antigens, factor H-binding protein (fHbp), Neisserial Heparin-Binding Antigen (NHBA) and Neisserial adhesin A (NadA), combined with outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) from the New-Zealand epidemic strain (NZ98/254). Neisserial Heparin Binding Antigen (NHBA) is a surface-exposed lipoprotein expressed by all N. meningitidis strains analyzed so far and is composed of two major domains, a highly variable amino-terminal (N-term) domain which anchors the protein on the bacterial outer membrane through the lipobox motif, and a highly conserved carboxyl-terminal (C-term) domain. These domains are separated by a short and quite conserved Arginine-rich (Arg-rich) motif which has been reported to be involved in different mechanisms that mediate meningococci adhesion, infection and survival within the host’s blood stream. NHBA is susceptible to cleavage by NalP, a bacterial protease which has its cleavage site upstream of the arginine region. Moreover human proteases such as human lactoferrin (hLf) and kallikrein are able to process NHBA downstream the the Arg-rich region. Both bacterial and human proteases-mediated cleavage releases the C-term of NHBA in the supernatant, while the N-term of the protein remains anchored on the bacterial surface. NalP cleavage did not impact SBA titers elicited by anti-NHBA antibodies but little is known about the impact that host’s proteases have on bactericidal titers. Based on sequence analysis it has been reported that NHBA has two major alleles, the so called “short” and “long” variants, which differentiate by the presence or absence of a 190 bp long fragment. Despite its sequence variability, NHBA is able to induce a robust and broad immune response against meningococcal strains expressing vaccine homologous and heterologous variants. Although anti-NHBA antibodies are able to induce bacterial killing when tested in serum bactericidal activity assay (SBA), the regions involved in eliciting cross protective immune response remain still unknown. Aims of this study were to use monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) raised against the NHBA vaccine variant peptide 2 (NHBAp2) to (i) map the NHBA regions involved in eliciting the functional response, (ii) test their ability to induce cross protection against strains expressing epidemiologically relevant homologous and heterologous NHBA variants, and (iii) investigate the molecular mechanism of NHBA-mediated bactericidal activity. To this end we used a panel of anti-NHBA mAbs selected to recognize different regions of the protein. Our results showed that only anti-N-term mAbs were able to induce killing of bacterial strains expressing the homologous NHBAp2 and closely related heterologous NHBA variants. Synergy between monoclonal antibodies targeting the N-term and the C-term of NHBA resulted in a significant increase of bactericidal titers but cross protection remained restricted to closely phylogenetic NHBA variants. Anti C-term mAbs were not able to induce SBA activity when tested individually, but surprisingly they became bactericidal when tested in combination. Moreover they were able to induce full cross protection against a panel of strains expressing phylogenetically distant heterologous NHBA variants. Our results suggest that the partial release of the NHBA C-terminal portion upon NalP and serum proteases could explain why anti-C-term mAbs are not able to induce complement mediated bactericidal killing when tested individually. However, the simultaneous binding of C-term mapping mAbs on the same NHBA molecule can induce the formation of a very stable ternary complex that probably allows a more efficient C1q engagement and C3 deposition, thus leading to the observed co-operative bactericidal activity. These results suggest that synergy between anti-NHBA antibodies is at the basis of the mechanism of NHBA-induced bactericidal activity, which could explain the robust and cross-protective immune response elicited by anti-NHBA polyclonal antibodies following immunization. Collectively, the body of experimental data suggests that both domains of NHBA are required to elicit complement mediated bactericidal activity against strains expressing the vaccine homologous and heterologous NHBA variants.
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Moodley, Chivonne. "Molecular characterisation of Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B isolates in South Africa, 2002- 2006." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/10562.

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MSc (Med), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 2011
Despite being a fulminant pathogen, Neisseria meningitidis (meningococcus) is part of the commensal flora of the human nasopharynx. Globally, five meningococcal serogroups (A, B, C, Y and W135) cause the majority of invasive disease. Most serogroup B cases occur sporadically but may be endemic or epidemic within a geographic region. In South Africa, there are limited data on invasive serogroup B clones and the antigenic diversity of certain meningococcal outer membrane proteins. This study examined the molecular epidemiology of serogroup B meningococci in South Africa from 2002 through 2006. Invasive meningococcal isolates were submitted to a national laboratory-based surveillance system. For this study, serogroup B isolates were characterised by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), PorA, FetA and multilocus sequence (MLST) typing. PorA, FetA and multilocus sequence (MLST) typing were performed on all 2005 isolates (n=58) and randomly selected isolates from other years (n=25). A total of 2144 invasive cases were reported over the study period. Of these, 76% (1627/2144) had viable isolates available for serogrouping and 307 (19%) were serogroup B. Serogroup B cases were reported from across the country however the majority were from the Western Cape province. The highest incidence of serogroup B was in children less than 5 years of age. Isolates displayed a high level of diversity by PFGE. Despite this diversity the majority of serogroup B meningococci collected over the 5-year period could be grouped into several clonal clusters representative of global invasive MLST clonal complexes. Overall, the most predominant MLST clones in South Africa were ST-32/ET-5 and ST-41/44/lineage 3. In addition, at least 19 PorA types and 16 FetA types were determined among selected isolates. Globally invasive serogroup B disease is caused by heterogeneous strains however, prolonged outbreaks in several countries have been due to strains of the ST-32/ET-5 and ST-41/44/lineage 3 clonal complexes. At present, serogroup B disease in South Africa is not dominated by an epidemic clone, however, global clonal complexes ST-32/ET-5 and ST-41/44/lineage 3 are circulating in Western Cape and Gauteng, respectively.
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Hsu, Chi-An, and 許至安. "Preparation and characterization of monoclonal antibody to serogroup B Neisseria meningitides." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/45700099563466034329.

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碩士
國立中興大學
分子生物學研究所
91
Abstract Neisseria meningitidis is a Gram-negative, encapsulated bacterium that has been classified into five major pathogenic serogroups (A, B, C, Y,and W-135) on the basis of the chemical composition of distinctive capsular polysaccharides. N. Meningitidis is a major cause of sepsis and meningitis. At present, polysaccharide vaccines are available for prevention of disease caused by serogroup A, C, Y,and W-135 strains. There is no promising vaccine to prevent N. meningitidis serogroup B (GBM). Because the capsular polysaccharide of serogroup B is composed of a homolinear polymer α（2-8）N-acetyl（N-Ac）3 neuraminic acid (polysialic acid),which is similar to NCAM of human neural cell, using serogroup B polysaccharide as vaccine will possibly result in autoimmunity. In this study, I prepared monoclonal antibodies to be used for identifying vaccine candidates from mice immunized with heat-killed GBM. To identify mAbs against GBM which do not cross-react to human cells, the binding of mAbs to GBM and to the human neuroblastoma cell IMR-32 was determined by ELISA. The bactericidal activity of the mAbs was then examined by complement-mediated bacteriolysis assay. Currently, I have obtained two mAbs 4-7-3 and 4-13-227 with the desired properties. To gain some information about the antigens of these two mAbs, Western blot analysis was carried out. While no immunoreactive band was observed in the blot probed with 4-13-227, a band at position 10~15 kDa was detected by mAb 4-7-3. These results indicated that mAb 4-13-227 may recognize a non-protein antigen, while the Ag for 4-7-3 is a protein. Since it is difficult to study a non-protein antigen, this study is focused on the characterization of mAb 4-7-3. By performing affinity selection of phage display random peptide libraries against mAb 4-7-3 followed by immunoscreening, seven phage clones were identified. Sequence analysis of these seven clones revealed three different peptides. The binding of these peptides displayed on phage particle was confirmed by inhibition ELISA. To determine the identity of the Ag for 4-7-3, total protein of GBM was separated by 2D-electrophoresis, identified by probing with mAb 4-7-3 and subjected to MULDI-TOF analysis. The result indicated that the antigen for 4-7-3 is NMB1468 which was annotated as a hypothetic protein for the genome sequence of the N. meningitidis MC58. The data that mAbs 4-7-3 can mediate complement bacteriolysis indicated that this protein is a surface antigen. The possibility of using NMB1468 protein as a vaccine for N. meningitidis is under investigation.
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Books on the topic "Neisseri meningitidis serogroup B"

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Nadel, Simon, and Johnny Canlas. Management of meningitis and encephalitis in the critically ill. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0241.

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Management of CNS infections requires specific antimicrobial agents, as well as specific supportive treatment targeted at reducing raised intracranial pressure and other life-threatening complications. It is important that the need for management in an intensive care setting is considered early in the illness. Antibiotic resistance amongst the most common organisms causing bacterial meningitis is becoming more common and antibiotic therapy should be adjusted accordingly. Anti-inflammatory treatment such as steroids should be started as soon as possible in patients with proven acute bacterial meningitis. Optimally, this should be before or with the first dose of antibiotics. Vaccine research is progressing so that effective vaccines should be available in the future against all the common causes of bacterial meningitis and encephalitis, including Neisseria meningitidis serogroup b.
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Book chapters on the topic "Neisseri meningitidis serogroup B"

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Caugant, D. A., L. O. Frøholm, C. T. Sacchi, and R. K. Selander. "Genetic structure and epidemiology of serogroup B Neisseria meningitidis." In Neisseriae 1990, edited by Mark Achtman, Peter Kohl, Christian Marchal, Giovanna Morelli, Andrea Seiler, and Burghard Thiesen, 37–42. Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110867787-008.

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V. G., Sierra G., Campa H. C., Garcia I. L., Sotolongo P. F., Izquierdo P. L., Valcarel N. M., Casanueva G. V., et al. "Efficacy evaluation of the Cuban vaccine VA-MENGOC-BC® against disease caused by serogroup B Neisseria meningitidis." In Neisseriae 1990, edited by Mark Achtman, Peter Kohl, Christian Marchal, Giovanna Morelli, Andrea Seiler, and Burghard Thiesen, 129–34. Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110867787-025.

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Green, Luke R., Joseph Eiden, Li Hao, Tom Jones, John Perez, Lisa K. McNeil, Kathrin U. Jansen, and Annaliesa S. Anderson. "Approach to the Discovery, Development, and Evaluation of a Novel Neisseria meningitidis Serogroup B Vaccine." In Vaccine Design, 445–69. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-3387-7_25.

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Griffiss, J. McLeod, and Janice J. Kim. "Antigenic specificity of natural bactericidal activity for serogroup B and C strains of Neisseria meningitidis in human sera." In Gonococci and Meningococci, 523–27. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1383-7_82.

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Delvig, A. A., L. I. Krasnoproshina, V. I. Kuvakina, and B. A. Dmitriev. "Protective activity of detoxified lipooligosaccharides of Neisseria meningitidis serogroups A and B in mice." In Neisseriae 1990, edited by Mark Achtman, Peter Kohl, Christian Marchal, Giovanna Morelli, Andrea Seiler, and Burghard Thiesen, 331–36. Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110867787-060.

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"The Postlicensure Impact of Haemophilus Influenzae Type b and Serogroup C Neisseria Meningitidis Conjugate Vaccines." In New Generation Vaccines, 864–95. CRC Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781439834404-43.

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Miller, Elizabeth, Helen Campbell, and Mary Ramsay. "Post-Licensure Impact of Haemophilus influenzae Type b and Serogroup C Neisseria meningitidis Conjugate Vaccines in Industrialized Countries." In New Generation Vaccines, Fourth Edition, 452–63. CRC Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/9781420060744-44.

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Brandtzaeg, Petter. "Meningococcal infections." In Oxford Textbook of Medicine, 709–22. Oxford University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199204854.003.070605_update_004.

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Neisseria meningitidis is an obligate human Gram-negative diplococcus. It is carried in the nasopharynx by about 10% of people, with most strains being harmless and inducing immunity. Pathogenic strains usually belong to specific clones that are encapsulated, express pili and the major porin, PorA. Serogroups A, B, and C usually account for more than 90% of all invasive isolates....
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Brandtzaeg, Petter. "Meningococcal infections." In Oxford Textbook of Medicine, edited by Christopher P. Conlon, 1010–25. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198746690.003.0109.

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Neisseria meningitidis is an obligate human Gram-negative diplococcus. It is carried in the nasopharynx by about 3–10% of people, with most strains being harmless and inducing immunity. Pathogenic strains usually belong to specific clones that are encapsulated, express pili, and the major porin, PorA. Serogroups A, B, and C usually account for more than 90% of all invasive isolates. Meningitis is the commonest presentation; preceded by low-grade meningococcaemia. After transition to the subarachnoid space the meningococci proliferate to high levels in the cerebrospinal fluid. Clinically the patients develop fever, subsequently a petechial rash and increasing symptoms of meningitis. If adequately treated with antibiotics, case fatality is less than 1–2% in industrialized countries, but higher in developing countries. Brain oedema leading to herniation of the cerebellum is the main cause of death. Neurosensory hearing loss is the major complication.
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Conference papers on the topic "Neisseri meningitidis serogroup B"

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Corrêa, Marilza, Maria Leal, Elza Scott, Adenilza Bello, Eduardo Duarte, and Ellen Jessouroun. "Characterization of oligosaccharide of Neisseria meningitidis Serogroup B." In III Seminário Anual Científico e Tecnológico de Bio-Manguinhos. Instituto de Tecnologia em Imunobiológicos, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.35259/isi.sact.2015_28536.

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Corrêa, Marilza, Maria Leal, Elza Scott, Adenilza Bello, Eduardo Duarte, and Ellen Jessouroun. "Characterization of native and deacylated Lipid A from lipooligosaccharide of Neisseria meningitidis Serogroup B." In III Seminário Anual Científico e Tecnológico de Bio-Manguinhos. Instituto de Tecnologia em Imunobiológicos, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.35259/isi.sact.2015_28598.

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Silva, Taís Lorrane Mendes, Júlia Maria Orsini Zava, Bruna Chociai dos Santos, and Helenton Cristhian Barrena. "Hospitalizations for meningococcal infection in the southern region of Brazil: epidemiologic characterizations and prevalent serotypes." In XIII Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.361.

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Introduction: Meningococcal disease occurs due to infection by the bacterium Neisseria meningitidis, which is classified according to serogroups. Objective: To survey the profile of hospitalizations and prevalent serogroups of meningococcal infection in the southern region of Brazil. Design and Setting: Is an observational, cross-sectional study using public use data. Methods: The data were taken from the DATASUS, in the year 2020, in states of Paraná (PR), Santa Catarina (SC), and Rio Grande do Sul (RS). Results: In 2020 there were 139 hospitalizations, 76 in RS, 38 in PR and 25 in SC. In RS the most affected age group was 70- 79 years, in PR 60-69 and in SC 30-39. In all states, the male sex had the highest number of hospitalizations. The prevalence of serogroups in RS were B and Y, in PR B and C 1 and in SC, B. The category of ‘’Ignored/Blank’’ stands out in all regions. Conclusion: The highest number of hospitalizations was in RS and in male patients over 30 years old. The large number of serotypes filled in as ignored/blank denotes inadequate data updating, reinforcing the need for regular training for health professionals, so that the filled out data will allow a better configuration of the disease and implementation of public health measures.
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