Journal articles: 'Neighborhood planning – Ontario – Toronto'

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Ta, Martha, and Ketan Shankardass. "Piloting the Use of Concept Mapping to Engage Geographic Communities for Stress and Resilience Planning in Toronto, Ontario, Canada." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 20 (October 19, 2021): 10977. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182010977.

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The physical and social characteristics of urban neighborhoods engender unique stressors and assets, contributing to community-level variation in health over the lifecourse. Actors such as city planners and community organizations can help strengthen resilience in places where chronic stress is endemic, by learning about perceived stressors and assets from neighborhood users themselves (residents, workers, business owners). This study piloted a methodology to identify Toronto neighborhoods experiencing chronic stress and to engage them to identify neighborhood stressors, assets, and solutions. Crescent Town was identified as one neighborhood of interest based on relatively high levels of emotional stress in Twitter Tweets produced over two one-year periods (2013–2014 and 2017–2018) and triangulation using other neighborhood-level data. Using concept mapping, community members (n = 23) created a ten-cluster concept map describing neighborhood stressors and assets, and identified two potential strategies, a Crescent Town Residents’ Association and a community fair to promote neighborhood resources and build social networks. We discuss how this knowledge has circulated through the City of Toronto and community-level organizations to date, and lessons for improving this methodology.

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Shaker, Richard, Joseph Aversa, Victoria Papp, Bryant Serre, and Brian Mackay. "Showcasing Relationships between Neighborhood Design and Wellbeing Toronto Indicators." Sustainability 12, no. 3 (January 30, 2020): 997. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12030997.

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Cities are the keystone landscape features for achieving sustainability locally, regionally, and globally. With the increasing impacts of urban expansion eminent, policymakers have encouraged researchers to advance or invent methods for managing coupled human–environmental systems associated with local and regional sustainable development planning. Although progress has been made, there remains no universal instrument for attaining sustainability on neither regional nor local planning scales. Previous sustainable urbanization studies have revealed that landscape configuration metrics can supplement other measures of urban well-being, yet few have been included in public data dashboards or contrasted against local well-being indicators. To advance this sector of sustainable development planning, this study had three main intentions: (1) to produce a foundational suite of landscape ecology metrics from the 2007 land cover dataset for the City of Toronto; (2) to visualize and interpret spatial patterns of neighborhood streetscape patch cohesion index (COHESION), Shannon’s diversity index (SHDI), and four Wellbeing Toronto indicators across the 140 Toronto neighborhoods; (3) to quantitatively assess the global collinearity and local explanatory power of the well-being and landscape measures showcased in this study. One-hundred-and-thirty landscape ecology metrics were computed: 18 class configuration metrics across seven land cover categories and four landscape diversity metrics. Anselin Moran’s I-test was used to illustrate significant spatial patterns of well-being and landscape indicators; Pearson’s correlation and conditional autoregressive (CAR) statistics were used to evaluate relationships between them. Spatial “hot-spots” and/or “cold-spots” were found in all streetscape variables. Among other interesting results, Walk Score® was negatively related to both tree canopy and grass/shrub connectedness, signifying its lack of consideration for the quality of ecosystem services and environmental public health—and subsequently happiness—during its proximity assessment of socioeconomic amenities. In sum, landscape ecology metrics can provide cost-effective ecological integrity addendum to existing and future urban resilience, sustainable development, and well-being monitoring programs.

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MacDonald, Susan K., J. Edna Beange, and Peter C. H. Blackford. "Planning for Strategic Change? A Participative Planning Approach for Community Hospitals." Healthcare Management Forum 5, no. 3 (October 1992): 31–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0840-4704(10)61213-6.

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Strategic planning is becoming to hospitals what business case analysis is to private corporations. In fact, this type of planning is becoming essential for the professional management of Ontario hospitals. The participative strategic planning process at Toronto East General Hospital (TEGH) is an example of how a professionally structured and implemented strategic planning process can be successfully developed and implemented in a community hospital. In this article, the environmental factors driving planning are reviewed and the critical success factors for the development and implementation of a strategic plan are examined in the context of TEGH's experience.

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Barrett, Suzanne. "Lake Ontario's Waterfront: Realizing a decade of regeneration." Ekistics and The New Habitat 71, no. 424-426 (June 1, 2004): 123–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.53910/26531313-e200471424-426237.

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The author was the principal author of A Decade of Regeneration: Realizing a Vision for Lake Ontario's Waterfront, in collaboration with editor Ron Reid of Bobolink. She was Director of the Lake Ontario Program Waterfront Regeneration Trust from 1992-2002, leading its work on the Waterfront Trail, Greenway Strategy and Toronto and Region Remedial Action Plan. She is currently a freelance consultant specializing in environmental planning, waterfront revitalization and public engagement. The text that follows was originally published in the Ontario Planning Journal, March/April 2002.

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Maclellan, Duncan. "Planning Politics in Toronto: The Ontario Municipal Board and Urban Development Aaron A. Moore Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2013. pp. 254." Canadian Journal of Political Science 48, no. 2 (June 2015): 488–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008423915000347.

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Simons, Elinor, Sharon D. Dell, Rahim Moineddin, and Teresa To. "Neighborhood Material Deprivation Is Associated with Childhood Asthma Development: Analysis of Prospective Administrative Data." Canadian Respiratory Journal 2019 (May 19, 2019): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/6808206.

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Rationale. Material deprivation has been proposed as a more comprehensive measure of socioeconomic status than parental income. Stronger associations between childhood emergency department visits for asthma and air pollution have been demonstrated among children living in neighborhoods with high levels of deprivation, but the associations with asthma development and ongoing asthma are not known. Objectives. We determined the associations between neighborhood material deprivation and the development of new and ongoing childhood asthma. Methods. Prospectively collected administrative data housed at the Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences were examined for Toronto children born from 1997 to 2003. Neighborhood material deprivation, comprising no high school graduation, lone parent families, government transfers, unemployment, low income, and homes needing major repairs, was reported in the Ontario Marginalization Index. Incident asthma was defined by the time of entry into the Ontario Asthma Surveillance Information System (OASIS) database. We measured the risk of incident asthma using Cox proportional hazards models and the associations between ongoing asthma visits and deprivation by year of life with generalized linear mixed models. Results. OASIS asthma criteria were met for 21% of the 326,383 children. After adjustment for characteristics strongly associated with asthma, including male sex, prematurity, obesity, and atopic conditions other than asthma, children with high birth neighborhood deprivation were at increased risk of incident asthma (HR 1.11; 95% CI, 1.09–1.13). High deprivation in a given year of life was associated with increased odds of ongoing asthma during that year of life (OR 1.03; 95% CI, 1.02–1.05). Conclusions. Children living in high-deprivation neighborhoods are at increased risk of incident and ongoing asthma. This study suggests that neighborhood material deprivation may represent a helpful tool for evaluating the effects of disparities in health and social advantages on the likelihood of developing and continuing to need healthcare visits for ongoing childhood asthma.

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Li, Siyuan, Matthew Muresan, and Liping Fu. "Cycling in Toronto, Ontario, Canada: Route Choice Behavior and Implications for Infrastructure Planning." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2662, no. 1 (January 2017): 41–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2662-05.

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This research investigated the route choice behavior of cyclists in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, with data collected from a smartphone application deployed to many cyclists in the city. For the study, 4,556 cyclists registered and logged more than 30,000 commuting trips over 9 months. In addition to the time-stamped, second-by-second GPS readings on each trip, information on age, gender, and rider history was collected on a voluntary basis. Multinomial logit route choice models were estimated for the commuting cycling trips. The results revealed the critical importance of cycling facilities (e.g., bike lanes, cycling paths and trails) on cyclists’ route choice decisions, and provided valuable information for use in Toronto’s ongoing bicycle network planning.

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Okamoto, Karen. "Tower Neighborhood Revitalization in Toronto and Canadian Environmental Justice Politics." Environmental Justice 6, no. 2 (April 2013): 41–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/env.2012.0041.

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Vaz, Eric, Michael D. Cusimano, Fernando Bação, Bruno Damásio, and Elissa Penfound. "Open data and injuries in urban areas—A spatial analytical framework of Toronto using machine learning and spatial regressions." PLOS ONE 16, no. 3 (March 11, 2021): e0248285. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0248285.

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Injuries have become devastating and often under-recognized public health concerns. In Canada, injuries are the leading cause of potential years of life lost before the age of 65. The geographical patterns of injury, however, are evident both over space and time, suggesting the possibility of spatial optimization of policies at the neighborhood scale to mitigate injury risk, foster prevention, and control within metropolitan regions. In this paper, Canada’s National Ambulatory Care Reporting System is used to assess unintentional and intentional injuries for Toronto between 2004 and 2010, exploring the spatial relations of injury throughout the city, together with Wellbeing Toronto data. Corroborating with these findings, spatial autocorrelations at global and local levels are performed for the reported over 1.7 million injuries. The sub-categorization for Toronto’s neighborhood further distills the most vulnerable communities throughout the city, registering a robust spatial profile throughout. Individual neighborhoods pave the need for distinct policy profiles for injury prevention. This brings one of the main novelties of this contribution. A comparison of the three regression models is carried out. The findings suggest that the performance of spatial regression models is significantly stronger, showing evidence that spatial regressions should be used for injury research. Wellbeing Toronto data performs reasonably well in assessing unintentional injuries, morbidity, and falls. Less so to understand the dynamics of intentional injuries. The results enable a framework to allow tailor-made injury prevention initiatives at the neighborhood level as a vital source for planning and participatory decision making in the medical field in developed cities such as Toronto.

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Sándor, George Kb, Howard M. Clarke, Hugh G. Thomson, and Ronald M. Zuker. "Pediatric Burns: A Decade Later." Canadian Journal of Plastic Surgery 5, no. 4 (December 1997): 210–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/229255039700500404.

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The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario serves as a regional pediatric burn centre for metropolitan Toronto and the province of Ontario. The demographics and outcomes of the admissions of burn patients are reviewed periodically to help in future planning of resources and preventive strategies. This study was designed to review recent admissions and detect trends of the past decade by comparing admission and outcome data from two cohorts: one from 1986 to 1988 and one from 1977 to 1979. The number of admissions increased during the past decade. There was a lower proportion of patients with flame burns and a higher proportion with scald burns. This may be due to a combination of preventive measures and changing demographics. The overall mortality rate decreased from 2.2% in the previous decade to 0.78% in the past decade.

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Vaz, Eric. "COVID-19 in Toronto: A Spatial Exploratory Analysis." Sustainability 13, no. 2 (January 7, 2021): 498. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13020498.

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COVID-19 has had a significant impact on a global scale. Evident signs of spatial-explicit characteristics have been noted. Nevertheless, publicly available data are scarce, impeding a complete picture of the locational impacts of COVID-19. This paper aimed to assess, confirm, and validate several geographical attributes of the geography of the pandemic. A spatial modeling framework defined whether there was a clear spatial profile to COVID-19 and the key socio-economic characteristics of the distribution in Toronto. A stepwise backward regression model was generated within a geographical information systems framework to establish the key variables influencing the spread of COVID-19 in Toronto. Further to this analysis, spatial autocorrelation was performed at the global and local levels, followed by an error and lag spatial regression to understand which explanatory framework best explained disease spread. The findings support that COVID-19 is strongly spatially explicit and that geography matters in preventing spread. Social injustice, infrastructure, and neighborhood cohesion are evident characteristics of the increasing spread and incidence of COVID-19. Mitigation of incidents can be carried out by intertwining local policies with spatial monitoring strategies at the neighborhood level throughout large cities, ensuring open data and adequacy of information management within the knowledge chain.

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Brafman, Ronen, Hector Geffner, Joerg Hofman, and Henry Kautz. "Preface." Proceedings of the International Conference on Automated Planning and Scheduling 20 (May 25, 2021): xiii—xiv. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/icaps.v20i1.13398.

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This volume contains the papers accepted for presentation at ICAPS 2010, the Twentieth International Conference on Automated Planning and Scheduling, held in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, May 12–16, 2010. The annual ICAPS conference series was established in 2003 through the merger of two pre-existing biennial conferences, the International Conference on Artificial Intelligence Planning and Scheduling (AIPS) and the European Conference on Planning (ECP). ICAPS continues the traditional high standards of AIPS and ECP as an archival forum for new research in the field of automated planning and scheduling.

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Williams, Allison, Peter Kitchen, Lily DeMiglio, John Eyles, Bruce Newbold, and David Streiner. "Sense of Place in Hamilton, Ontario: Empirical Results of a Neighborhood-Based Survey." Urban Geography 31, no. 7 (October 2010): 905–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2747/0272-3638.31.7.905.

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Buzzelli, Michael D., and Derek J. Allison. "Proposed Strategic Mandates for Ontario Universities: An Organizational Theory Perspective." Articles 47, no. 3 (December 20, 2017): 170–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1043244ar.

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This paper presents an empirical analysis of the Ontario-led strategic mandate agreement (SMA) planning exercise. Focusing on the self-generated strategic mandates of five universities (McMaster, Ottawa, Queen’s, Toronto, and Western), we asked how universities responded to this exercise of strategic visioning? The answer to this question is important because the SMA process is unique in Ontario, and universities’ responses revealed aspects of their self-understanding. We adopted an organizational theory approach to understand the structure and nature of universities as organizations and explored how they might confront pressures for change. Analysis of the universities’ own proposed strategic mandates found elements of both conformity and striking differentiation, even within this sample of five research-intensive university SMAs. Directions for further work on this planning exercise and on higher education reform more generally are discussed.

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De Sousa, Christopher. "Trying to Smart-In-Up and Cleanup Our Act by Linking Regional Growth Planning, Brownfields Remediation, and Urban Infill in Southern Ontario Cities." Urban Planning 2, no. 3 (August 24, 2017): 5–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/up.v2i3.1026.

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The reuse of brownfields as locations for urban intensification has become a core strategy in government sustainability efforts aimed at remediating pollution, curbing sprawl and prioritizing renewal, regeneration, and retrofitting. In Ontario, Canada’s most populous, industrialized, and brownfield-laden province, a suite of progressive policies and programs have been introduced to not only facilitate the assessment and remediation of the brownfields supply, but to also steer development demand away from peripheral greenfields and towards urban brownfields in a manner that considers a wider regional perspective. This article examines the character and extent of brownfields infill development that has taken place in three Ontario cities (Toronto, Waterloo, and Kingston) since the provincial policy shift in the early 2000s. Using property assessment data and cleanup records, the research finds that redevelopment activity has been extensive in both scale and character, particularly in Toronto where the real estate market has been strong. While the results are promising in terms of government efforts to promote smarter growth that builds “in and up” instead of out, they also reveal that government could be doing more to facilitate redevelopment and influence its sustainability character, particularly in weaker markets.

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Buzzelli, Michael D., and Derek J. Allison. "Proposed Strategic Mandates for Ontario Universities: An Organizational Theory Perspective." Canadian Journal of Higher Education 47, no. 3 (December 20, 2017): 170–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.47678/cjhe.v47i3.187944.

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This paper presents an empirical analysis of the Ontario-led strategic mandate agreement (SMA) planning exercise. Focusing on the self-generated strategic mandates of five universities (McMaster, Ottawa, Queen’s, Toronto, and Western), we asked how universities responded to this exercise of strategic visioning? The answer to this question is important because the SMA process is unique in Ontario, and universities’ responses revealed aspects of their self-understanding. We adopted an organizational theory approach to understand the structure and nature of universities as organizations and explored how they might confront pressures for change. Analysis of the universities’ own proposed strategic mandates found elements of both conformity and striking differentiation, even within this sample of five research-intensive university SMAs. Directions for further work on this planning exercise and on higher education reform more generally are discussed.

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Helferty, Natalie. ""Localization": A means to reduce negative transportation impacts in the "natural city"." Ekistics and The New Habitat 71, no. 427-429 (December 1, 2004): 233–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.53910/26531313-e200471427-429193.

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The author runs "Natural Heritage Consulting" in Richmond Hill, Ontario, Canada. She is a former Adjunct Professor at Ryerson University having taught Applied Ecology as a joint program between the School of Occupational and Public Health and the School of Urban and Regional Planning. She has provided environmental policy input on government initiatives such as the formation of the Greenbelt around the City of Toronto in her capacity as a member of the Province of Ontario's Greenbelt Task Force. The text that follows is a revised and edited version of a paper presented by the author at the Natural City conference - "Success Stories" - organized by the Centre for Environment, University of Toronto from 31 May to 2 June, 2006.

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Zhu, Jinxin, and Gordon Huang. "Contract-out planning of solid waste management system under uncertainty: Case study on Toronto, Ontario, Canada." Journal of Cleaner Production 168 (December 2017): 1370–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.09.084.

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Malczewski, Jacek, and Anneliese Poetz. "Residential Burglaries and Neighborhood Socioeconomic Context in London, Ontario: Global and Local Regression Analysis*." Professional Geographer 57, no. 4 (November 2005): 516–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9272.2005.00496.x.

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Barton, Kristen I., Xiya Ma, Mustafa Ege Babadagli, Ellen Zhou, Nicholas Tonial, Christopher Newell, Abdullah Ishaque, et al. "Scientific overview on CSCI-CITAC Annual General Meeting and 2017 Young Investigators’ Forum." Clinical and Investigative Medicine 41, no. 3 (October 5, 2018): E156—E164. http://dx.doi.org/10.25011/cim.v41i3.31020.

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The 2017 Annual General Meeting of the Canadian Society of Clinician Investigators (CSCI) and Clinician Investigator Trainee Association of Canada/Association des Cliniciens-Chercheurs en Formation du Canada (CITAC/ACCFC) was a national Annual General Meeting (AGM) held in Toronto, Ontario November 20–22, 2017, in conjunction with the University of Toronto Clinician Investigator Program Research Day. The theme for this year’s meeting was “Roll up your sleeves—How to manage your physician scientist career”, emphasizing lectures and workshops that were designed to provide tools for being proactive and successful in career planning. The keynote speakers were Dr. Rod McInnes (McGill University and Canadian Institutes of Health Research Acting President), who was the Distinguished Scientist Award recipient, Dr. David Goltzman (McGill University), who was the 2017 Henry Friesen Award recipient, Dr. Gillian Hawker (University of Toronto), Dr. Mike Sapieha (Université de Montréal), who was the 2017 Joe Doupe Award recipient, and Dr. Alex MacKenzie (Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, University of Ottawa). The workshops, focusing on career development for clinician scientists, were hosted by Dr. Lisa Robinson, Dr. Nicola Jones, Kevin Vuong, Fran Brunelle, Dr. Jason Berman and Dr. Alan Underhill. Further to this, the Young Investigators’ Forum encompasses presentations from scientist-clinician trainees from across the country. All scientific abstracts are summarized in this review. There were over 100 abstracts showcased at this year’s meeting during the highlighted poster sessions, with six outstanding abstracts selected for oral presentations during the President’s Forum.

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Linovski, Orly. "Shifting Agendas: Private Consultants and Public Planning Policy." Urban Affairs Review 55, no. 6 (February 6, 2018): 1666–701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1078087417752475.

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Despite concerns about the privatization of urban planning practices, there is little known about the professional actors involved in this restructuring. Private-sector consultants, though beholden to the same professional standards as public-sector employees, face competing pressures of an entrepreneurial fee-for-service business model. This article examines the role of planning consultants in shaping public policy agendas, by analyzing the redevelopment of Downsview Park in Toronto, Ontario. Drawing from interview and archival data, I find that private-sector planning consultants had influence in prioritizing policy agendas by propagating the need for sped-up processes and allowing landowners to “pay for priority.” The fluidity of professionals between firms, sectors, and projects reinforced the perceived value and neutrality of consultant expertise. These strategies worked to erode the differences between public- and private-sector planning processes, resulting in a high degree of influence for development interests.

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Axler, Helena, Gail J. Donner, Ene Underwood, and Laura Van de Bogart. "Planning for Complex Change: Insights from the Metro Toronto District Health Council Hospital Restructuring Project." Healthcare Management Forum 10, no. 2 (July 1997): 33–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0840-4704(10)60877-0.

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Restructuring and large-scale organizational change have become facts of life in Ontario's health care sector in recent years. Nearly every jurisdiction in Ontario has undergone systemwide hospital restructuring studies, and individual hospitals have increasingly turned to large scale re-engineering processes to improve efficiency and effectiveness. One example of planning for significant change was a hospital restructuring study undertaken by the Metropolitan Toronto District Health Council between 1993 and 1995. This article provides an overview of key insights gleaned from the project, including an analysis of the effectiveness and utility of some of the major planning strategies and tactics employed to realize project objectives. Given the organizational, process and communications issues faced by the study, many of the insights provided will be relevant to other groups engaged in planning for large-scale change processes, who face tough decision making in similarly complex environments.

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Splettstoesser, John, and Beezie Drake Splettstoesser. "The first transit of the Northwest Passage by Russian icebreaker." Polar Record 29, no. 169 (April 1993): 148. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0032247400023615.

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In a voyage beginning 24 July in Ulsan, South Korea, and ending i n St Petersburg, Russia, on 21 September 1992, the icebreaker Kapitan Khlebnikov successfully completed an unassisted transit of the Northwest Passage, from Bering Strait to the North Atlantic Ocean. The ship was chartered jointly by Polar Schiffahrts-Consulting, Hamburg, Germany; Blyth and Company Travel, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and D.G. Wells Marine Ltd, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. It was marketed for tourists, some of whom traveled the entire distance of 14,120 nautical miles [26,150 km]. Khlebnikov was the fifty-third vessel to complete the Northwest Passage since Roald Amundsen first accomplished it in 1906 (Pullen and Swithinbank 1991, and confirmed by the office of Coast Guard Northern, Ottawa, Canada).

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Galanakis, Michail. "Public Spaces for Youth? The Case of the Jane-Finch Neighborhood in Toronto." Space and Culture 19, no. 3 (September 10, 2015): 208–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1206331215595731.

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Pampalon, R., D. Hamel, P. Gamache, and G. Raymond. "A deprivation index for health planning in Canada." Chronic Diseases in Canada 29, no. 4 (October 2009): 178–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.24095/hpcdp.29.4.05.

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Administrative databases in the Canadian health sector do not contain socio-economic information. To facilitate the monitoring of social inequalities for health planning, this study proposes a material and social deprivation index for Canada. After explaining the concept of deprivation, we describe the methodological aspects of the index and apply it to the example of premature mortality (i.e. death before the age of 75). We illustrate variations in deprivation and the links between deprivation and mortality nationwide and in different geographic areas including the census metropolitan areas (CMAs) of Toronto, Montréal and Vancouver; other CMAs; average-size cities, referred to as census agglomerations (CAs); small towns and rural communities; and five regions of Canada, namely Atlantic, Quebec, Ontario, the Prairies and British Columbia. Material and social deprivation and their links to mortality vary considerably by geographic area. We comment on the results as well as the limitations of the index and its advantages for health planning.

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Dear, Michael, and Glenda Laws. "Anatomy of a Decision: Recent Land Use Zoning Appeals and their Effect on Group Home Locations in Ontario." Canadian Journal of Community Mental Health 5, no. 1 (April 1, 1986): 5–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.7870/cjcmh-1986-0001.

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In this paper we consider the role of land use planning in the location of group homes. Exclusionary zoning policies have been used to restrict the entry of group homes into certain residential neighbourhoods. This has resulted in an unequal distribution of these facilities throughout the community. We concentrate on events in Metropolitan Toronto where it has recently been announced that group homes are to be regarded as a permissible land use in all residential neighbourhoods.

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Palmer, R. M., C. Jones, and M. Walters. "Environmental monitoring initiatives to sustain growth in Ontario, Canada." Water Science and Technology 38, no. 11 (December 1, 1998): 113–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1998.0449.

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Sustainability, which attempts to balance environmental preservation and economic growth, includes puzzling problems such as better managing the world's water resources and enhancing the quality of life. Municipalities within the Nottawasaga Valley and Lake Simcoe Watersheds, north of Toronto, are now considered to have a high potential for significant growth. Both watersheds form part of the Georgian Bay ecosystem, within the Great Lakes Basin. Integrated watershed management planning by the Nottawasaga Valley and Lake Simcoe Region Conservation Authorities is protecting water resources and ensuring the availability of water servicing for controlled development. This includes the maintenance of streamflows for the assimilation of treated sewage effluent from headwater basins and protection of unimpaired aquatic habitat at the same time. Monitoring the performance and success of the watershed plans is a vital component to sustain a healthy ecosystem pulse while accommodating growth. The comprehensive GIS based, multi-partnered monitoring program being used is unique. This low-cost, transferable approach for watershed monitoring includes a biological method known as BioMAP. The monitoring program has a proven track record for pre-design and post-construction stages of new development. Various case studies are presented.

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Ashrafi, Zahra, Hamed Shahrokhi Shahraki, Chris Bachmann, Kevin Gingerich, and Hanna Maoh. "Quantifying the Criticality of Highway Infrastructure for Freight Transportation." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2610, no. 1 (January 2017): 10–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2610-02.

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Events that disable parts of the highway transportation network, ranging from weather conditions to construction closures, may affect freight travel times and ultimately degrade economic productivity. Although previous studies of criticality typically focused on the impacts of natural disasters or terrorist attacks on systemwide travel times, these studies did not quantify the costs associated with disruptions to the economy because of disruptions to the freight transportation system. This paper quantifies the economic criticality of the highway infrastructure in Ontario, Canada, with the use of a new measure of criticality that determines the cost of highway closures (in dollars) on the basis of the value of goods, the time delayed, and the associated value of time. When criticality is measured in this way, it has some correlation with truck volumes, but the correlation differs when the values of shipments and the physical redundancy in the network are considered, and results in new insights into critical freight infrastructure. For example, the highway network within the greater Toronto, Ontario, Canada, area has a high degree of redundancy, but highways farther away from this metropolitan area have less redundancy and are thus more critical. Moreover, sections of Highway 401 located west of the greater Toronto area were found to be more critical—even though it carries lower truck volumes—than those located east of the greater Toronto area because of the lower redundancy in the western portion of the network. This measure has many potential applications in freight transportation planning, operations, and maintenance. Finally, with the cost of these disruptions quantified in dollars, one can then calculate the monetary benefits of potential transportation improvements for comparison (i.e., perform a cost–benefit analysis).

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Abrahams, C., S. Verma, R. Glazier, L. Jaakkimainen, and S. Shultz. "16. Postgraduate training and its effect on practice location, career choice and practice profile: Tracking 10 years of output from the University of Toronto." Clinical & Investigative Medicine 30, no. 4 (August 1, 2007): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.25011/cim.v30i4.2776.

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The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between location and specialty of training and practice characteristics such as type of practice (i.e. community versus academic), socio-demographic profile of patients and their complexity, hospital/health facility affiliations and workload/productivity. The analysis required an extraction of registrant data from the University of Toronto Postgraduate Web Evaluation and Registration (POWER) system for a cohort of exiting residents and fellows from 1993 to 2003. The data extract was linked to several administrative databases held by ICES, including physician practice and billing information from the Ontario Health Insurance Plan (OHIP) and anonymized patient demographic data from the Registered Persons Database (RPDB). Results of this study will inform workforce policy issues such as the overall contribution made by Toronto graduates to Ontario, other Canadian provinces and international practice pool of physicians, trends regarding medical career choice, similarities and differences between career choices of International Medical Graduates versus Canadian Medical Graduates, impact of location/program of training, impact of length of training and profile/geography of patients served by graduates of Toronto. The study will aim to create a methodology/template for analysis that can be applied to other medical schools and catchment areas in human health resource planning. Chan B, Willett J. Factors Influencing Participation in Obstetrics by Obstetrician-Gynecologists. 2004; 103(3):493-498. Noble J, Baerlocher MO. Future Practice Profiles of Canadian Medical Trainees. Clinical and Investigative Medicine 2006; 29(4):288-289. Watson DE, Katz A, Reid RJ, Bogdanovic B, Roos N. Family Physician Workloads and Access to Care in Winnipeg: 1991 to 2001. Canadian Family Physician 2004; 171(4):339-342.

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Gingerich, Kevin, and Hanna Maoh. "The role of airport proximity on warehouse location and associated truck trips: Evidence from Toronto, Ontario." Journal of Transport Geography 74 (January 2019): 97–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2018.11.010.

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Li, J. Y., and D. Banting. "A storm water retrofit plan for the mimico creek watershed." Water Science and Technology 39, no. 12 (June 1, 1999): 133–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1999.0539.

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Storm water quality management in urbanized areas remains a challenge to Canadian municipalities as the funding and planning mechanisms are not well defined. In order to provide assistance to urbanized municipalities in the Great Lakes areas, the Great Lakes 2000 Cleanup Fund and the Ontario Ministry of the Environment commissioned the authors to develop a Geographic Information System planning tool for storm water quality management in urbanized areas. The planning tool comprises five steps: (1) definition of storm water retrofit goals and objectives; (2) identification of appropriate retrofit storm water management practices; (3) formulation of storm water retrofit strategies; (4) evaluation of strategies with respect to retrofit goals and objectives; and (5) selection of storm water retrofit strategies. A case study of the fully urbanized Mimico Creek wateshed in the City of Toronto is used to demonstrate the application of the planning tool.

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Samokhvalov, Andriy V., Peter Selby, Susan J. Bondy, Michael Chaiton, Anca Ialomiteanu, Robert Mann, and Jürgen Rehm. "Smokers who seek help in specialized cessation clinics: How special are they compared to smokers in general population?" Journal of Smoking Cessation 9, no. 2 (August 22, 2013): 76–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jsc.2013.23.

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Introduction: Patients of specialized nicotine dependence clinics are hypothesized to form a distinct subpopulation of smokers due to the features associated with treatment seeking. The aim of the study was to describe this subpopulation of smokers and compare it to smokers in general population.Material and methods: A chart review of 796 outpatients attending a specialized nicotine dependence clinic, located in Toronto, Ontario, Canada was performed. Client smoking patterns and sociodemographic characteristics were compared to smokers in the general population using two Ontario surveys – the Ontario Tobacco Survey (n = 898) and the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health Monitor (n = 457).Results: Smokers who seek treatment tend to smoke more and be more heavily addicted. They were older, had longer history of smoking and greater number of unsuccessful quit attempts, both assisted and unassisted. They reported lower education and income, had less social support and were likely to live with other smokers.Conclusions: Smokers who seek treatment in specialized centers differ from the smokers in general population on several important characteristics. These same characteristics are associated with lower chances for successful smoking cessation and sustained abstinence and should be taken into consideration during clinical assessment and treatment planning.

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Boswell, Michael R. "Reviews : The Drama of Democracy: Contention and Dispute in Community Planning Jill Grant University of Toronto Press, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, 1994. 252 pages. $40.00 (HB), $18.95 (PB." Journal of Planning Education and Research 15, no. 3 (April 1996): 247–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0739456x9601500312.

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Mansell, Robin. "Telecommunications in Canada: Technology, Industry and Governmentby Robert E. Babe(University of Toronto Press, Toronto, Ontario, 1990), pp. xv + 363, $CAN24.95, ISBN 0-8020-6738-7 (Pbk)." Prometheus 9, no. 2 (December 1991): 391–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08109029108631959.

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Henley, Kevin. "DRUMMOND, Ian M. Progress Without Planning: The Economic History of Ontario From Confederation to the Second World War. Toronto, University of Toronto Press, 1987. 509 p. 19,95 $." Revue d'histoire de l'Amérique française 42, no. 1 (1988): 96. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/304657ar.

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Ferdous, Tonima, and Mark Gorgolewski. "DETERMINING THE EFFECT OF BUILDING GEOMETRY ON ENERGY USE PATTERNS OF OFFICE BUILDINGS IN TORONTO." Journal of Green Building 9, no. 2 (July 2014): 124–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3992/1943-4618-9.2.124.

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The project investigated the potential of building geometry to minimize energy consumption in office buildings. Five distinct geometries were modeled as mid-size office occupancies in the context of Toronto, Ontario, and examined with varied design parameters: window to wall ratio (WWR) and external static shading devices. IES VE software was used to predict the annual energy consumption of the five archetypes for 40 permutations. The outcome of this research showed that the variation of the total energy use from one shape to another was relatively small. WWR appeared to have a stronger impact on the energy pattern of a building than its shape. Overall, the energy performance of the archetypes were observed to conform to their individual building aspect ratios. The findings are thus expected to provide useful guidelines for architects on utilizing building geometry as an energy saving measure in the design of office buildings.

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Auer, Martin, Cory McDonald, Anika Kuczynski, Chenfu Huang, and Pengfei Xue. "Management of the Phosphorus–Cladophora Dynamic at a Site on Lake Ontario Using a Multi-Module Bioavailable P Model." Water 13, no. 3 (January 31, 2021): 375. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13030375.

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The filamentous green alga Cladophora grows to nuisance proportions in Lake Ontario. Stimulated by high phosphorus concentrations, nuisance growth results in the degradation of beaches and clogging of industrial water intakes with attendant loss of beneficial uses. We develop a multi-module bioavailable phosphorus model to examine the efficacy of phosphorus management strategies in mitigating nuisance algal growth. The model platform includes modules simulating hydrodynamics (FVCOM), phosphorus-phytoplankton dynamics (GEM) and Cladophora growth (GLCMv3). The model is applied along a 25 km stretch of the Lake Ontario nearshore, extending east from Toronto, ON and receiving effluent from three wastewater treatment plants. Simulation results identify the Duffin Creek wastewater treatment plant effluent as a driving force for nuisance conditions of Cladophora growth, as reflected in effluent bioavailable phosphorus concentrations and the dimensions of the plant’s phosphorus footprint. Simulation results demonstrate that phosphorus removal by chemically enhanced secondary treatment is insufficient to provide relief from nuisance conditions. Tertiary treatment (chemically enhanced secondary treatment with ballasted flocculation) is shown to eliminate phosphorus-saturated conditions associated with the Duffin Creek wastewater treatment plant effluent, providing local relief from nuisance conditions. Management guidance presented here has wider application at sites along the highly urbanized Canadian nearshore of Lake Ontario.

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Zeuli, Kimberly, Austin Nijhuis, Ronald Macfarlane, and Taryn Ridsdale. "The Impact of Climate Change on the Food System in Toronto." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 15, no. 11 (October 24, 2018): 2344. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15112344.

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As part of its Climate Change and Health Strategy, in 2017, Toronto Public Health engaged stakeholders from across the food system to complete a high-level vulnerability assessment of the impact of climate change on the food system in Toronto. Using the Ontario Climate Change and Health Vulnerability and Adaptation Assessment Guidelines, the City of Toronto’s High-Level Risk Assessment Tool, and a strategic framework developed by the Initiative for a Competitive Inner City, Toronto Public Health identified the most significant extreme weather event risks to food processing, distribution and access in Toronto. Risks associated with three extreme weather events that are the most likely to occur in Toronto due to climate change were analyzed: significant rain and flooding, an extended heat wave, and a major winter ice storm. The analysis finds that while extreme weather events could potentially disrupt Toronto’s food supply, the current risk of an extended, widespread food supply disruption is relatively low. However, the findings highlight that a concerted effort across the food system, including electrical and fuel providers, is needed to address other key vulnerabilities that could impact food access, especially for vulnerable populations. Interruptions to electricity will have food access and food safety impacts, while interruptions to the transportation network and fuel will have food distribution and access impacts. Actions to mitigate these risks could include addressing food access vulnerabilities through ongoing city-wide strategies and integrating food access into the City’s emergency response planning. The next steps will include engaging with multiple partners across the city to understand and strengthen the “last mile” of food distribution and develop community food resilience action plans for vulnerable neighbourhoods.

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Webber, Steven, and Tony Hernandez. "Big box battles: the Ontario Municipal Board and large-format retail land-use planning conflicts in the Greater Toronto Area." International Planning Studies 21, no. 2 (December 10, 2015): 117–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13563475.2015.1114451.

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GRAVEL, Nathalie, and Adama KONÉ. "The Guelph Water connection: The contribution of Actor-Network Theory (ANT) to the study of water management in Guelph, Ontario." Cahiers de géographie du Québec 61, no. 174 (November 8, 2018): 489–512. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1053663ar.

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The application of Actor-Network Theory (ANT) to the case of water management in the municipality of Guelph, Ontario, located at the periphery of Toronto, highlights the interactions between the multiple water actors in Canada who, while organised as an informal network, build knowledge together on “blue” and resilient cities. It provides a cross-cutting look at water resource co-management and the process of multiscalar public policy development by considering exchanges and negotiations between administrative bodies, the pan-Canadian water network and the organized local civil society. The water soft path approach has federated the actors of the network who share/build ideas together about sustainable municipal water management. The study of the water nexus in Guelph, of its territoriality and its history, allows for a better understanding of how and why a conservationist culture embracing the principles of “green living” has developed in Guelph and why it has become a centre for water innovation in Canada.

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Fang, Cuilian, Cheol H. Jeong, and Greg J. Evans. "Urban Air Quality: Assessing Traffiffic and Building Architecture Impacts using Portable Measuring Devices in Toronto, Ontario." STEM Fellowship Journal 5, no. 1 (December 1, 2019): 5–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.17975/sfj-2019-004.

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Vehicle emissions are one of the largest local contributors to poor urban air quality. High emissions are often associated with traffic congestion, and pollution may also become trapped between tall buildings creating a street canyon effect. The spatial variability of traffic-related air pollutants in microenvironments should be considered in evaluating changes in urban planning. This study focuses on assessing the air quality and commuter exposure in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, specifically focusing on the effect of the King Street Pilot Project on local urban air quality by reducing traffic. Increased vehicular density is expected to contribute to higher urban pollution levels and tall buildings may trap these contaminants. Field measurements were made within the King Street Pilot area during weekday rush hours to capture the best representation of peak activity and pollutant levels when there were similar average wind speeds and directions for the sampling dates. A suite of portable devices was carried along predesigned and timed routes through traffic dense areas to measure vehicle-related air pollutants including black carbon (BC), ultrafine particles (UFP, particles smaller than 0.1 μm), and particulate matter (PM2.5, particles smaller than 2.5 μm). Data was normalized, corrected and analyzed using centralized pollutant while considering meteorological site measurements located about 1.5 km away from the study area. Results indicated higher BC and UFP levels during peak commuting times between 8 am to 10 am and relatively increased pollution levels within the area of tall buildings versus the area with shorter buildings. Strong spatial variations of BC and UFP were found, while PM2.5 levels remained relatively constant in the downtown area. Elevated levels of BC and UFP were observed around nearby construction sites. This study contributes to establishing a baseline to evaluate the King Street Pilot Project’s air quality impact as well as proposing potential methods of detailed data collection within microenvironments to observe the air quality of urban centres.

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Ge, Haoxuan, and Jue Wang. "Spatial Non-Stationarity Effects of Unhealthy Food Environments and Green Spaces for Type-2 Diabetes in Toronto." Sustainability 15, no. 3 (January 17, 2023): 1762. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15031762.

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Environmental factors may operate differently when relations are measured across different geographical locations, a phenomenon known as spatial non-stationarity. This study investigates the spatial non-stationarity effect of unhealthy food environments and green spaces on the T2DM prevalence rate at the neighborhood level in Toronto. This study also compares how the results vary between age groups, classified as all adults (20 and above), young adults (from 20 to 44), middle adulthood (from 45 to 64), and seniors (65 and above). The geographically weighted regression model is utilized to explore the impacts of spatial non-stationarity effects on the research results, which may lead to biased conclusions, which have often been ignored in past studies. The results from this study reveal that environmental variables dissimilarly affect T2DM prevalence rates among different age groups and neighborhoods in Toronto after controlling for socioeconomic factors. For example, the green space density yields positive associations with diabetes prevalence rates for elder generations but negative relationships for younger age groups in twenty-two and four neighborhoods, respectively, around Toronto East. The observed associations will provide beneficial suggestions to support government and public health authorities in designing education, prevention, and intervention programs targeting different neighborhoods to control the burden of diabetes.

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Gharabaghi, B., A. Fata, T. Van Seters, R. P. Rudra, G. MacMillan, D. Smith, J. Y. Li, A. Bradford, and G. Tesa. "Evaluation of sediment control pond performance at construction sites in the Greater Toronto Area." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 33, no. 11 (November 1, 2006): 1335–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l06-074.

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Receiving water quality concerns associated with increased construction activities in recent years in the Greater Toronto Area has prompted the Toronto and Region Conservation Authority (TRCA) to evaluate design criteria for sediment control ponds employed during the construction period. Stormwater management ponds located in the towns of Richmond Hill and Markham were monitored to obtain stormwater runoff quantity and influent-effluent quality data during site development. The ponds were designed and constructed in accordance with the Ontario Ministry of the Environment Stormwater management planning and design manual 2003 for an enhanced level of protection (i.e., 80% total suspended solids removal). A hydrodynamic and sediment-transport model was used to examine the effect of pond geometry on sediment removal efficiency under varying storm events. The monitoring data and the modelling results clearly demonstrate the importance of proper pond size and geometry design. This paper focuses on the effect of the ratio of pond length to pond width in minimizing the short-circuiting effect and improvement of the sediment removal efficiency of stormwater management ponds. The results of this study will be useful in updating the design criteria for stormwater management ponds.Key words: stormwater, management, pond, design, sediment.

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Herath, Jayantha C. "Firsthand Experience in Graduating Three Cohorts of Forensic Pathologists Trained With Competency by Design (CBD) Curriculum." Academic Forensic Pathology 11, no. 4 (November 30, 2021): 196–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/19253621211063104.

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Introduction: The University of Toronto experienced graduating three cohorts of forensic pathologists trained with Competency by Design (CBD) curriculum. We achieved this as a result of multiyear development of Entrustable Professional Activities (EPAs), Required Training Experience (RTEs), and Specialty Competency Requirements (SCRs) by the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada’s Forensic Pathology Speciality Committee, the Ontario Forensic Pathology Service, and the University of Toronto. Method: Our academic year is comprised of 13 blocks. We divided the 13-block period into 4 stages to map all the EPAs and RTEs. The first stage, Transition to Discipline, is 1 block, the second stage, Foundation of Discipline, consists of 3 blocks; the third stage, Core of Discipline, consists of 6 blocks, and the final fourth stage, Transition to Practice, consists of 3 blocks. Board-certified faculty members in Forensic Pathology with more than five years of experience supervised the trainees. We graduated 5 Canadian and 4 international trainees at the end of the third cycle of CBD-based training program. Conclusion: Using the Royal College Speciality Committee blueprint, the University of Toronto started in 2016 planning the CBD curriculum in the forensic pathology training program. By the end of June 2021, we graduated nine trainees from our CBD-based Forensic Pathology training program. We are training the fourth cohort, and they will be graduating at the end of June 2022. This article aims to share our firsthand experiencing in CBD training in forensic pathology.

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Hadayeghi, Alireza, Amer S. Shalaby, and Bhagwant Persaud. "Macrolevel Accident Prediction Models for Evaluating Safety of Urban Transportation Systems." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1840, no. 1 (January 2003): 87–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1840-10.

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A series of macrolevel prediction models that would estimate the number of accidents in planning zones in the city of Toronto, Ontario, Canada, as a function of zonal characteristics were developed. A generalized linear modeling approach was used in which negative binomial regression models were developed separately for total accidents and for severe (fatal and nonfatal injury) accidents as a function of socio-economic and demographic, traffic demand, and network data variables. The variables that had significant effects on accident occurrence were the number of households, the number of major road kilometers, the number of vehicle kilometers traveled, intersection density, posted speed, and volume-capacity ratio. The geographic weighted regression approach was used to test spatial variations in the estimated parameters from zone to zone. Mixed results were obtained from that analysis.

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Campbell, Scott M. "Backwater calculations for the St. Lawrence Seaway with the first computer in Canada." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 36, no. 7 (July 2009): 1164–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l09-060.

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As the oldest branch of engineering, it is fitting that civil engineering was the first in Canada to make use of modern computing techniques. In the early 1950s, serious planning was underway regarding the St. Lawrence Seaway and Power Project, but before construction could begin, a lengthy series of backwater calculations was required to predict upriver changes to the water profile. It was estimated that these calculations would have taken 20 person-years to complete by hand, but in 1952 and 1953 Ontario Hydro was able to make use of the first electronic computer in Canada – the Ferut at the University of Toronto – to complete in about eight months. These were the first major calculations carried out on any electronic computer in Canada, and helped prove that an all-Canadian navigation route was possible.

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Lougheed, M. Diane, Janice Minard, Shari Dworkin, Mary-Ann Juurlink, Walley J. Temple, Teresa To, Marc Koehn, Anne Van Dam, and Louis-Philippe Boulet. "Pan-Canadian Respiratory Standards Initiative for Electronic Health Records (PRESTINE): 2011 National Forum Proceedings." Canadian Respiratory Journal 19, no. 2 (2012): 117–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/870357.

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In a novel knowledge translation initiative, the Government of Ontario’s Asthma Plan of Action funded the development of an Asthma Care Map to enable adherence with the Canadian Asthma Consensus Guidelines developed under the auspices of the Canadian Thoracic Society (CTS). Following its successful evaluation within the Primary Care Asthma Pilot Project, respiratory clinicians from the Asthma Research Unit, Queen’s University (Kingston, Ontario) are leading an initiative to incorporate standardized Asthma Care Map data elements into electronic health records in primary care in Ontario. Acknowledging that the issue of data standards affects all respiratory conditions, and all provinces and territories, the Government of Ontario approached the CTS Respiratory Guidelines Committee. At its meeting in September 2010, the CTS Respiratory Guidelines Committee agreed that developing and standardizing respiratory data elements for electronic health records are strategically important. In follow-up to that commitment, representatives from the CTS, the Lung Association, the Government of Ontario, the National Lung Health Framework and Canada Health Infoway came together to form a planning committee. The planning committee proposed a phased approach to inform stakeholders about the issue, and engage them in the development, implementation and evaluation of a standardized dataset. An environmental scan was completed in July 2011, which identified data definitions and standards currently available for clinical variables that are likely to be included in electronic medical records in primary care for diagnosis, management and patient education related to asthma and COPD. The scan, sponsored by the Government of Ontario, includes compliance with clinical nomenclatures such as SNOMED-CT®and LOINC®. To help launch and create momentum for this initiative, a national forum was convened on October 2 and 3, 2011, in Toronto, Ontario. The forum was designed to bring together key stakeholders across the spectrum of respiratory care, including clinicians, researchers, health informaticists and administrators to explore and recommend a potential scope, approach and governance structure for this important project. The Pan-Canadian REspiratory STandards INitiative for Electronic Health Records (PRESTINE) goal is to recommend respiratory data elements and standards for use in electronic medical records across Canada that meet the needs of providers, administrators, researchers and policy makers to facilitate evidence-based clinical care, monitoring, surveillance, benchmarking and policy development. The focus initially is expected to include asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and pulmonary function standards elements that are applicable to many respiratory conditions. The present article summarizes the process and findings of the forum deliberations.

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Bakker, Karen, and David Cameron. "Governance, business models and restructuring water supply utilities: recent developments in Ontario, Canada." Water Policy 7, no. 5 (October 1, 2005): 485–508. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2005.0029.

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Many municipal governments are currently confronted with the need to restructure water supply systems. This paper examines how municipalities are restructuring water supply utility management in the province of Ontario (Canada), which has recently experienced significant and rapid legislative and regulatory reform in the water sector. The paper analyses restructuring in six different municipalities (Hamilton, Kingston, Peel, Peterborough, Toronto and York). It identifies six distinct business models adopted as an outcome of the restructuring process (delegated management to a private operator, corporatization of services provision, delegated management to a public operator, a municipal commission, a municipal ‘business unit’ and a municipal department) and examines the different approaches to governance adopted during the restructuring process. The case study is conceptualized through a discussion of the governance and restructuring challenges faced by municipalities. As municipalities are often confronted with a bewildering array of business models, governance frameworks and contract types when engaging in a review of restructuring options, the paper situates the analysis of the Ontario case within a general survey of business models for networked water supply. The paper concludes with a discussion of “lessons learnt” relevant to municipalities and higher orders of government when engaging in restructuring of networked water supply provision.

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CARMICHAEL, BARBARA A. "Global competitiveness and special events in cultural tourism: the example of the Barnes Exhibit at the Art Gallery of Ontario, Toronto." Canadian Geographer/Le Géographe canadien 46, no. 4 (December 2002): 310–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1541-0064.2002.tb00753.x.

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Sorensen, André, and Anna-Katharina Brenner. "Cities, Urban Property Systems, and Sustainability Transitions: Contested Processes of Institutional Change and the Regulation of Urban Property Development." Sustainability 13, no. 15 (July 28, 2021): 8429. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13158429.

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Sustainability transitions research has emerged as one of the most influential approaches to conceptualizing the potential and practice of transformative system change to avoid climate catastrophe. Evolving from work on socio-technical systems via Geels’ multi-level perspective (MLP), this conceptual framework has contributed to understanding how complex systems in the contemporary world can be transformed. This paper contributes to the sustainability transitions literature in three main ways. First, the paper develops a conceptual framework focused on the urban property systems which regulate and support urban property, infrastructure and governance that are historically produced, are densely institutionalized, and through which public norms of property and governance are deeply embedded in and continually inscribed in urban space. Second, the paper suggests that urban property systems are continually and vigorously contested and demonstrate different modes of institutional change than those recognized by the existing sustainability transitions literature. Third, the paper illustrates the approach with a case study of the contested governance of property development in Toronto, Ontario, long one of the fastest growing cities in North America. The Toronto case suggests that institutions embedded in urban property systems are consequential and deserve more attention by those concerned with low-carbon transitions.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Neighborhood planning – Ontario – Toronto'

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