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Academic literature on the topic 'Neglected Infectious disease'

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Published: 6 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Neglected Infectious disease"

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Burki, Talha. "Neglected people and a neglected disease." Lancet Infectious Diseases 9, no. 5 (May 2009): 280. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1473-3099(09)70125-2.

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Machado, Fabiana S., Herbert B. Tanowitz, and Mauro M. Teixeira. "New drugs for neglected infectious diseases: Chagas' disease." British Journal of Pharmacology 160, no. 2 (April 26, 2010): 258–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1476-5381.2010.00662.x.

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Al Yamani, Abrar Abdulfattah, Yahya Mohammad Falqi, Yussif Mohammed Alnawar, Lama Mohammed Almahrous, Haitham Ahmed Alwael, Ali Ibrahim Al Muhaif, Hebah Adel Mansour, et al. "Neglected infectious diseases in the geriatrics." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 9, no. 1 (December 27, 2021): 353. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20214862.

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Infectious diseases in the elderly population pose a significant threat to their lives. Neglected tropical diseases significantly impact the health of the affected patients and populations at risk. Reports show that many of these disorders are among the highest ten most typical causes of disability-adjusted life years. In the present literature review, we have discussed the most common neglected tropical infections in geriatrics based on data from the current studies in the literature. Different infections can affect the geriatric population. However, evidence shows that this population is susceptible to developing severe disease-related conditions. This has been reported with dengue infection, onchocerciasis, and cholera. It has been demonstrated that ocular lesions and other clinical manifestations are highest among the elderly population with onchocerciasis. Severe dengue and dengue hemorrhagic fever are also reported at a high rate in this age group. Concurrent infections and disorders were documented with many of these infections, probably due to reduced immunity. Socioeconomic factors, co-morbidities, access to healthcare settings, environmental factors, sanitation, clustering, and overcrowding contribute to the frequency of neglected tropical diseases in the elderly. Further studies are still needed because the current report is scarce, which might underestimate the current evidence.
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Quan, Song Ji, Malumani Malan, and Chiyenu O. R. Kaseya. "Hansen's Disease: A Neglected Tropical Infectious Condition." Medical Journal of Zambia 46, no. 3 (December 31, 2019): 243–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.55320/mjz.46.3.564.

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This case of Hansen's disease reminds clinicians of all ages and era that leprosy is not a disease of the past as such a systematized multidisplinary approach and timely referral to specialists should be followed when evaluating any patient with chronic dermatoses of unknown cause.Early diagnosis of leprosy coupled with prompt treatment with Multi Drug Therapy (MDT) are the most important steps in preventing permanent debilitating deformity and disability.
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Nii-Trebi, Nicholas Israel. "Emerging and Neglected Infectious Diseases: Insights, Advances, and Challenges." BioMed Research International 2017 (2017): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/5245021.

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Infectious diseases are a significant burden on public health and economic stability of societies all over the world. They have for centuries been among the leading causes of death and disability and presented growing challenges to health security and human progress. The threat posed by infectious diseases is further deepened by the continued emergence of new, unrecognized, and old infectious disease epidemics of global impact. Over the past three and half decades at least 30 new infectious agents affecting humans have emerged, most of which are zoonotic and their origins have been shown to correlate significantly with socioeconomic, environmental, and ecological factors. As these factors continue to increase, putting people in increased contact with the disease causing pathogens, there is concern that infectious diseases may continue to present a formidable challenge. Constant awareness and pursuance of effective strategies for controlling infectious diseases and disease emergence thus remain crucial. This review presents current updates on emerging and neglected infectious diseases and highlights the scope, dynamics, and advances in infectious disease management with particular focus on WHO top priority emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) and neglected tropical infectious diseases.
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Olesen, Ole F., and Marit Ackermann. "Increasing European Support for Neglected Infectious Disease Research." Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal 15 (2017): 180–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.csbj.2017.01.007.

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Elsner, P., and T. Agner. "Hand eczema: a ‘neglected’ disease." Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology 34, S1 (December 20, 2019): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jdv.16081.

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Zijlstra, Eduard E., Wendy W. J. van de Sande, Oliverio Welsh, El Sheikh Mahgoub, Michael Goodfellow, and Ahmed H. Fahal. "Mycetoma: a unique neglected tropical disease." Lancet Infectious Diseases 16, no. 1 (January 2016): 100–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1473-3099(15)00359-x.

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Srour, M. Leila, and Denise Baratti-Mayer. "Why is noma a neglected-neglected tropical disease?" PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 14, no. 8 (August 20, 2020): e0008435. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008435.

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Marsh, K. "Malaria-a neglected disease?" Parasitology 104, S1 (June 1992): S53—S69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182000075247.

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SUMMARYIn situations where malaria eradication is not an option in the foreseeable future the emphasis must be on the control of morbidity and mortality due to malaria. Under such circumstances drawing a distinction between malarial parasitization and malarial disease may be important for workers in both field and laboratory. This concept is explored from the points of view of the epidemiological picture of malaria in endemic populations, the factors which may influence progression to disease and the processes which mediate disease.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Neglected Infectious disease"

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Garchitorena, Garcia Andrés. "Maladies infectieuses, écosystèmes et pauvreté : le cas de l'ulcère de Buruli au Cameroun." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014MON20187.

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Comprendre les rétroactions entre les maladies infectieuses, la structure des écosystèmes et le développement économique est nécessaire pour alléger le fardeau des maladies tropicales négligées. Ce groupe d'infections parasitaires, virales, et bactériennes est étroitement associé à des conditions géographiques, environnementales, sanitaires et économiques particulières aux régions tropicales. A travers l'étude de l'ulcère de Buruli, une maladie émergente et négligée associé à une morbidité et handicap très importants dans des régions tropicales, ce travail de thèse s'intéresse aux interactions complexes entre ces différents composants des systèmes épidémiologiques. Combinant un travail de terrain important pour la collecte des données environnementales avec une approche de recherche multidisciplinaire, cette thèse vise à améliorer notre compréhension des différents aspects de l'écologie et de l'épidémiologie de cette maladie infectieuse. Notamment, la dynamique de son agent pathogène, M. ulcerans, est caractérisée pour un large éventail d'écosystèmes et communautés aquatiques au Cameroun, permettant d'identifier les facteurs environnementaux permettant sa propagation. En outre, nous évaluons la transmission de l'agent pathogène de l'environnement à l'homme et l'impact de la maladie sur le développement économique des populations endémiques. Ainsi, ce travail montre comment les dynamiques écologiques, épidémiologiques, environnementales et économiques interagissent de concert, mettant en évidence de façon criante le besoin d'une telle approche interdisciplinaire dans l'étude des maladies tropicales négligées
Understanding the feedbacks between infectious diseases, ecosystem structure and economic development is necessary to alleviate the burden of Neglected Tropical Diseases. This group of parasitic, viral, and bacterial infections is closely associated with particular geographical and environmental conditions mainly present in the tropics, thriving under conditions of poverty, inefficient sanitation and malnutrition. This PhD thesis works through the case study of Buruli ulcer, an emerging and neglected infectious disease associated with a great morbidity and disability burden in tropical regions. Relying on an extensive environmental field survey and a multidisciplinary research approach, this PhD attempts to gain a better understanding of different aspects of the ecology and epidemiology of Buruli ulcer. Notably, the dynamics of its pathogen, M. ulcerans are characterized for a wide range of freshwater ecosystems and aquatic communities in Cameroon, and the environmental drivers of M. ulcerans presence are investigated. Furthermore, we assess the transmission of the pathogen from the environment to humans and the impact of the disease on the economic development of endemic populations. Thus, this work shows how the interplay between ecological, epidemiological and economic dynamics interact together and calls for an urgent need to apply such inter-disciplinary approach to decrease the burden of neglected tropical diseases
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Lourenço, José. "Unifying the epidemiological, ecological and evolutionary dynamics of Dengue." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:cb4db8dd-5467-4c6e-8d3e-3e0fe738bc0a.

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In under 6 decades dengue has emerged from South East Asia to become the most widespread arbovirus affecting human populations. Recent dramatic increases in epidemic dengue fever have mainly been attributed to factors such as vector expansion and ongoing ecological, climate and socio-demographic changes. The failure to control the virus in endemic regions and prevent global spread of its mosquito vectors and genetic variants, underlines the urgency to reassess previous research methods, hypotheses and empirical observations. This thesis comprises a set of studies that integrate currently neglected and emerging epidemiological, ecological and evolutionary factors into unified mathematical frameworks, in order to better understand the contemporary population biology of the dengue virus. The observed epidemiological dynamics of dengue are believed to be driven by selective forces emerging from within-host cross-immune reactions during sequential, heterologous infections. However, this hypothesis is mainly supported by modelling approaches that presume all hosts to contribute equally and significantly to the selective effects of cross-immunity both in time and space. In the research presented in this thesis it is shown that the previously proposed effects of cross-immunological reactions are weakened in agent-based modelling approaches, which relax the common deterministic and homogeneous mixing assumptions in host-host and host-pathogen interactions. Crucially, it is shown that within these more detailed models, previously reported universal signatures of dengue's epidemiology and population genetics can be reproduced by demographic and natural stochastic processes alone. While this contrasts with the proposed role of cross-immunity, it presents demographic stochasticity as a parsimonious mechanism that integrates, for the first time, multi-scale features of dengue's population biology. The implications of this research are applicable to many other pathogens, involving challenging new ways of determining the underlying causes of the complex phylodynamics of antigenically diverse pathogens.
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Tang, Shenglan, John Ehiri, and Qian Long. "China's biggest, most neglected health challenge: non-communicable diseases." BioMed Central, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/610162.

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BACKGROUND:Over the past two decades, international health policies focusing on the fight against the human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS), tuberculosis (TB), malaria, and those diseases that address maternal and child health problems, among others, have skewed disease control priorities in China and other Asian countries. Although these are important health problems, an epidemic of chronic, non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in China has accounted for a much greater burden of disease due to the ongoing rapid socioeconomic and demographic transition.DISCUSSION:Although NCDs currently account for more than 80% of the overall disease burden in China, they remain very low on the nation's disease control priorities, attracting marginal investment from central and local governments. This leaves the majority of patients with chronic conditions without effective treatment. International organizations and national governments have recognized the devastating social and economic consequences caused by NCDs in low- and middle-income countries, including China. Yet, few donor-funded projects that address NCDs have been implemented in these countries over the past decade. Due to a lack of strong support from international organizations and national governments for fighting against NCDs, affected persons in China, especially the poor and those who live in rural and less developed regions, continue to have limited access to the needed care. Costs associated with frequent health facility visits and regular treatment have become a major factor in medical impoverishment in China. This article argues that although China's ongoing health system reform would provide a unique opportunity to tackle current public health problems, it may not be sufficient to address the emerging threat of NCDs unless targeted steps are taken to assure that adequate financial and human resources are mapped for effective control and management of NCDs in the country.SUMMARY:The Chinese government needs to develop a domestically-driven and evidence-based disease control policy and funding priorities that respond appropriately to the country's current epidemiological transition, and rapid sociodemographic and lifestyle changes.
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Tricou, Vianney M. "Dengue diagnostics and therapeutic interventions in Viet Nam." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:46dfff8c-f7d2-4c43-b053-a5438531290a.

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Dengue is a major public health problem that affects tens of millions of people annually in tropical and sub-tropical countries. This acute viral infection happens to be severe and even life threatening but there is still no available drug or vaccine. Previous studies have noted early higher viral burden in patients who develop more severe symptoms suggesting that administration of a potent and safe antiviral may prevent progression to severe dengue. To verify this hypothesis, we have conducted the first RCT directed towards reducing the viral burden in vivo by administrating chloroquine (CQ), a cheap and well-tolerated drug that inhibits DENV in vitro with concentrations achievable in vivo, to 307 Vietnamese adults with suspected dengue (257 of them were laboratory-confirmed cases). Unfortunately, we did not see an effect of CQ on the duration of infection. However in patients treated with CQ, we observed a trend towards a lower incidence of severe forms. We did not find any differences in the immune response that can explain this trend. We also found more adverse events, primarily vomiting, with CQ. In addition, we have explored the relationships between clinical features, antibody responses and virological markers in these patients. We found that the early magnitude of viremia is positively associated with disease severity and there are serotype dependent differences in infection kinetics. We found as well that DENV was cleared faster and earlier in patients with secondary infections. To complete this study, we have also evaluated 2 rapid lateral flow tests for the diagnosis of dengue in a panel of plasma samples from 245 RT-PCR confirmed dengue patients and 47 with other febrile illnesses. Our data suggest that the NS1 test component of these tests are highly specific and have similar levels of sensitivity (~60%). Both NS1 assays were significantly more sensitive for primary than secondary dengue. The IgM parameter in the SD Duo test improved overall test sensitivity without compromising specificity. All these findings are of major importance for further anti-viral drug testing.
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Phelan, Sophie. "The epidemiology of sexually transmitted infections and neglected tropical diseases in Oceania." Master's thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/156431.

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From February 2017-February 2019 I undertook a field placement at the Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales (UNSW), as part of my Master of Philosophy in Applied Epidemiology (MAE). An MAE graduate is required to be competent in four skills that are essential for an applied epidemiologist. These competencies are demonstrated through four chapters within this MAE: 1) Design and conduct an epidemiological study, 2) Analyse a public health dataset, 3) Investigate an acute public health problem, and 4) Conduct a surveillance evaluation. An additional chapter detailing teaching experience follows the main competency chapters. To meet the epidemiological study component, I conducted the first prevalence study of scabies and impetigo in a primary school in Gizo, the main town on a small island in The Solomon Islands. The prevalence of scabies and impetigo were found to be 56.7% and 43.9% respectively - a significant burden. I also set up two other international epidemiological studies in Fiji and the Solomon Islands, however the implementation of these studies proved to be beyond the timeframe of the 2-year MAE program. For the data analysis component, I investigated the association between the prevalence of clean faces and the prevalence of trachoma in Australian communities endemic for trachoma between 2007-2017 using a binomial logistic regression model. A significant association was found, however a number of caveats need to be considered in the interpretation of this association. My investigation of the increase in gonorrhea notifications in New South Wales (NSW) women in 2018 demonstrated the third competency: investigation of an acute public health problem. Through a case series study, I found that the outbreak appeared to be related to local, heterosexual, condomless sex. As this study was of a sensitive nature, careful methodologies were required. Their success meant that these study methods can serve as a template for future sexually transmitted disease outbreak investigations in Australian women. For the evaluation of a surveillance system competency, I conducted a systematic review of the access and utility of testing (or denominator) data for chlamydia and influenza in Australia. This study found that the most common source of denominator data for these diseases was sentinel surveillance data; and the most common uses were to describe testing practices (chlamydia) and to estimate disease burden (influenza). The final chapter in my bound volume demonstrates my completion of the teaching requirements for the MAE: a Lesson from the Field (LFF) and a group teaching session with MAE peers. My LFF summarized key issues I encountered when setting up the Fiji epidemiology project, and was titled "Ethical, Cultural and Practical Study Design Challenges in the Pacific". My group teaching session was titled "Communicating as a Field Epidemiologist during Public Health Emergencies" and flagged a number of considerations for communicating in the field for first year MAEs. The projects within this bound volume reflect the Kirby Institute's area of work within marginalized and at-risk populations, and demonstrate my completion of the MAE competencies. The diseases in focus include the sexually transmitted infections (STIs): chlamydia and gonorrhea; and the neglected tropical diseases (NTDs): scabies and trachoma. The research I completed was based in three countries: Australia, Fiji and the Solomon Islands; all within Oceania region. Findings from these projects will contribute to the ever-growing body of public health knowledge on sexually transmitted infections and neglected tropical diseases in Oceania, and thus provide important information to guide public health policy and stimulate future research, both within and beyond the region.
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van, Eckert Viviane Roxann. "Prevalence of Strongyloides stercoralis infection in adult HIV–positive patients and comparison of specificity and sensitivity of five different methods to detect a current infection in Mwanza Province /Northern Tanzania." Doctoral thesis, 2020. https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-205306.

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S. stercoralis is a helminthic parasite which is common in tropical and subtropical regions. It causes a persistent but often inapparent infection in humans. In the state of a protracted immunosuppression this parasite can cause a life-threatening hyperinfection syndrome. Most often the hyperinfection syndrome was found after prolonged high dose corticosteroid treatment. In HIV-infected individuals high dose corticosteroids are used for the treatment of the immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) or as adjunct treatment in the treatment of meningeal or pericardial tuberculosis. Case reports from Tanzania demonstrate that Strongyloidiasis is prevalent not only in coastal regions but also in the Lake province of Tanzania. However, data on the local prevalence of S. stercoralis infection based on sensitive techniques are scanty, especially in HIV-infected individuals. The main objective of this study is to provide data on the prevalence of S. stercoralis infections in the adult HIV-infected population attending the Bugando Medical Centre for medical care. Specific objectives of the study are the comparison of the sensitivities and specificities of five different methods in detecting S. stercoralis. Four methods to detect S. stercoralis larvae used stool samples; one method to detect S. stercoralis antibodies required blood samples. The study used the Agar-plate-culture-technique and a modified Harada-Mori-culture-technique for the direct detection of helminthic larvae in the collected faecal samples. In addition, a recently described PCR-assay from faecal specimens and an ELISA for S. stercoralis antibodies have been applied. The Faecal Parasite Concentrator (FPC) stool concentration technique was used for the differential diagnosis of other intestinal helminthic parasites. The results of the study may influence the current treatment guidelines for HIV-infected patients in case that a relevant prevalence of S. stercoralis infection is found. Then, prior to a prolonged iatrogenic immunosuppression -like the high dose corticosteroid treatment for IRIS- a prophylactic anthelminthic treatment capable to eradicate a S. stercoralis infection could be recommendable. The prevalence of a current S. stercoralis infection using the PCR as a gold standard was 5.4%. The Agar plate method showed positive results in 19 out of 278 cases (6.1%), the modified Harada Mori technique in 13 of 278 (4.7%) cases. With PCR as gold standard the sensitivity of the agar plate method was 60%, the positive predictive value 47.4%, the specificity 96.2% and the negative predictive value 97.7 %. The sensitivity of the Harada Mori technique was 36.4%, the positive predictive value 30.7% with a specificity of 96.4% and negative predictive value 97.1%. The modified Harada Mori technique allowed in principal the morphological identification of nematode larvae. Microscopic analysis showed a specificity of 100% and a sensitivity of 46.7%. Antibodies were detected in 45 of 278 cases 16.2% by ELISA, with a sensitivity of 92.9% and a specificity of 87.8%. The findings of this study show that none of the diagnostic tests can be implemented as a routine diagnostic procedure to diagnose a current infection. This leads to the conclusion that it is high time to consider the provision of a prophylactic treatment within patients who are either HIV positive patients who could develop an IRIS after receiving ART, patients with a HTLV-1 infection and the growing number of patients under iatrogenic immunosuppression for various reasons
S. stercoralis ist ein helmintischer Parasit der Endemisch in den Tropen und Subtropen, vor allem im warmen und feuchtem Milieu vorkommt. Eine Infektion mit S. stercoralis verläuft häufig asymptomatisch, kann aber über Jahre im menschlichen Körper persistieren. Bei immungeschwächten Patienten kann es zu einen Hyperinfektionssyndrom mit hoher Mortalität kommen Häufig kommt es zu einen Hyperinfektionssyndrom nach Einnahme von hoch Dosis Kortikosteroiden. Ca 20% der HIV positiven Patienten, die eine antiretrovirale Therapie beginnen entwickeln ein Immunrekonstitutionssyndrom. Die Therapie der Wahl ist dann u.a. hoch Dosis Kortikosteroide. Laut WHO sind 30-100 Millionen Menschen mit S. stercoralis infiziert. Diese Ungenauigkeit wiederspiegelt den erschwerten Nachweis einer Infektion. Bisher gibt es eine geringe Kenntnis über die Prävalenz von. S. stercoralis Infektionen in Tansania und kaum Daten vom bevölkerungsreichen Westen Tansanias. Die Region Mwanza am Lake Victoria zeigt sich als ein perfektes Milieu für das Vorkommen von S. stercoralis. Bisherige Ergebnisse der durchgeführten diagnostischen Tests weisen nur fragliche Sensitivitäten auf und es existieren keine Daten zur Prävalenz unter HIV positiven Patienten. Zudem wurden noch keine diagnostischen Methoden zur Prävalenzermittlung bei HIV positiven Patienten erprobt. Ziel der Studie ist die Verbesserung der Kenntnisse über Prävalenz von S.stercoralis Infektionen im bevölkerungsreichen Westen Tansanias. Die Analyse von Faktoren die Prävalenz von S. stercoralis beeinflussen, sowie Analyse der Prävalenz unter HIV Patienten mit fünf diagnostischen Testverfahren und Empfehlungen für den Umgang mit HIV Patienten in tropischen Milieu mit S. stercoralis Infektionswahrscheinlichkeit. Mit 278 Serum und Stuhlproben von HIV positiven Patienten wurden folgende Verfahren angewandt. Mit den Stuhlproben, die Modifizierte Harada Mori Methode und Agar Platten Methode am Bugando Medical Center, ein Realtime PCR und die FPC Methode und Mikroskopieren im Missionsärztlichen Institut, Würzburg. Mit den Serumproben erfolgte ein In House ELISA am Bernhard Nocht Institut, Hamburg. Die Prävalenz einer S.stercoralis Infektion in der PCR Methode war 5.4%. Die Agar Platten Methode zeigte positive Ergebnisse in 19 von 278 Fällen (6.1%). Die modifizierte Harada Mori Methode in 13 von 278 Fällen (4.7%). Unter der Annahme der PCR Methode als Goldstandard wies die Agar Platten Methode eine Sensitivität von 60% und Spezifität von 96.2% auf. Die Sensitivität der Harada Mori Methode war 36.4% und Spezifität von 96.4.%.Die FPC Methode zeigte eine Spezifität von 100%, jedoch nur Sensitivität von 46.7%.Das in House ELISA zeigte positive Ergebnisse bei 45 von 278 Patienten (16.2%) mit einer Sensitivität von 92.9%, jedoch nur Spezifität von 87.8%.Diese ungenauen Ergebnisse wiederspiegeln die Schwierigkeit eine S.stercoralis Infektion zu diagnostizieren. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass kein Verfahren als Standardverfahren, um eine Infektion zu diagnostizieren, in Nordtansania, implementiert werden kann. Somit kann man zusammenfassend sagen, dass alle Patienten die eine ART beginnen prophylaktisch gegen S. stercoralis behandelt werden sollten. Zumindest die, die eine TBC Koinfektion haben und auf die das Risikoprofil zutrifft
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Books on the topic "Neglected Infectious disease"

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Neglected Infections of Impoverished Americans Act of 2011: Report (to accompany H.R. 528) (including cost estimate of the Congressional Budget Office). Washington, D.C: U.S. G.P.O., 2011.

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United, States Congress House Committee on Foreign Affairs Subcommittee on Africa Global Health Global Human Rights and International Organizations. Addressing the neglected diseases treatment gap: Hearing before the Subcommittee on Africa, Global Health, Global Human Rights, and International Organizations of the Committee on Foreign Affairs, House of Representatives, One Hundred Thirteenth Congress, first session, June 27, 2013. Washington, D.C: U.S. Government Printing Office, 2013.

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Chronic Care for Neglected Infectious Diseases: Leprosy/Hansen's Disease, Lymphatic Filariasis, Trachoma, and Chagas Disease. Pan American Health Organization, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37774/9789275122501.

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In 2016, PAHO's Directing Council, through Resolution CD55.R9, approved the “Plan of Action for Elimination of Neglected Infectious Diseases (NID) and Post-Elimination Actions, 2016-2022.” This Resolution urges Member States to implement a set of interventions to reduce the burden of disease by NID in the Americas by 2022, including “…support promotion of treatment, rehabilitation, and related support services through an approach focused on integrated morbidity management and disability prevention for individuals and families afflicted by those neglected infectious diseases that cause disability and generate stigma.” NIDs can have devastating chronic sequelae for patients, such as disability, visible change or loss in body structure, loss of tissue, and impairment of proper tissue and organ function, among others. All of these can in turn lead to unjustified discrimination, stigmatization, mental health problems, and partial or total incapacity to work, perpetuating the vicious cycle of neglected diseases as both a consequence and a cause of poverty. Patients with chronic conditions caused by NIDs require proper health care in order to prevent further damage and improve their living and social conditions. This should be provided at the primary health care level, as patients suffering from NIDs are often unable to travel to or afford to pay for specialized care services. Care for patients suffering from chronic morbidity caused by NID should be integrated into care for other chronic conditions caused by non-communicable diseases. This manual provides a framework for morbidity management and disability prevention of patients affected by NIDs and gives specific guidance for the proper care of patients suffering from chronic conditions caused by lymphatic filariasis, leprosy, trachoma, and Chagas disease. It is intended to be used mainly by health care workers at the primary health care level, but health workers at more complex and specialized levels may also find it useful.
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Pan American Pan American Health Organization. Chronic Care for Neglected Infectious Diseases: Leprosy/Hansen's Disease, Lymphatic Filariasis, Trachoma, and Chagas Disease. Pan American Health Organization (PAHO), 2021.

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Secretariat National Academy of Medicine and Commission on a Global Health Risk Framework for the Future. Neglected Dimension of Global Security: A Framework to Counter Infectious Disease Crises. National Academies Press, 2016.

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Secretariat National Academy of Medicine and Commission on a Global Health Risk Framework for the Future. Neglected Dimension of Global Security: A Framework to Counter Infectious Disease Crises. National Academies Press, 2016.

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Secretariat National Academy of Medicine and Commission on a Global Health Risk Framework for the Future. Neglected Dimension of Global Security: A Framework to Counter Infectious Disease Crises. National Academies Press, 2016.

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Neglected Dimension of Global Security: A Framework to Counter Infectious Disease Crises. National Academies Press, 2016.

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Toolkit for Integrated Serosurveillance of Communicable Diseases in the Americas. Pan American Health Organization, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37774/9789275125656.

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Serosurveillance is a tool that complements traditional public health methods for surveillance of communicable diseases and provides valuable information on disease transmission in populations; for example, to identify gaps in immunity against vaccine-preventable diseases. This information is useful for monitoring population exposure to diseases such as malaria, neglected infectious diseases, foodborne diseases, waterborne diseases, vector-borne diseases, and emerging infectious diseases. As many infectious diseases are or have been present in populations that live in environments where various risk factors overlap, consequently, integrated serosurveillance facilitates synergies and optimizes the utilization of public health resources. This toolkit was developed to facilitate the design, implementation, analysis, interpretation, and use of results of integrated serosurveys to reinforce countries’ capacities toward the elimination of communicable diseases. The first part describes the basic concepts of serosurveys and serosurveillance, its uses, benefits and challenges, ways to improve its efficiency, and its potential to contribute to decision-making in public health. Subsequently, this toolkit presents a stepwise process for the implementation of survey-based integrated serological surveillance. It includes recommendations on how to identify the need for and purpose of gathering serological information; the survey design and methodology; laboratory methods; practical considerations for survey implementation; data analysis and interpretation; and the use of findings to support decision-making. It is primarily aimed to support program managers and teams involved in the control and elimination of communicable diseases. The target audience includes, but it is not restricted to, coordinators of communicable diseases, neglected infectious diseases, and immunization programs; epidemiological surveillance managers; public health laboratory staff; and other staffers of cabinet-level and subnational health departments or authorities who may be interested in incorporating integrated serosurveillance into the tools of their surveillance systems, as a means of gaining additional insight into population transmission of infectious diseases.
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Neglected Tropical Diseases and other Infectious Diseases affecting the Heart. Elsevier, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/c2020-0-03608-x.

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Book chapters on the topic "Neglected Infectious disease"

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Read, Amber, Ivy Hurwitz, and Ravi Durvasula. "Leishmaniasis: An Update on a Neglected Tropical Disease." In Dynamic Models of Infectious Diseases, 95–138. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-3961-5_4.

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Eric Benbow, M., Rachel Simmonds, Richard W. Merritt, and Heather R. Jordan. "Buruli Ulcer: Case Study of a Neglected Tropical Disease." In Modeling the Transmission and Prevention of Infectious Disease, 105–49. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-60616-3_5.

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Borah Slater, Khushboo. "A Current Perspective on Leprosy (Hansen’s Disease)." In Vaccines for Neglected Pathogens: Strategies, Achievements and Challenges, 29–46. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-24355-4_3.

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AbstractLeprosy, also known as Hansen’s disease, is an ancient chronic infectious disease that remains a major problem in the world today, infecting over 200,000 people each year, particularly affecting resource-limited and the most disadvantaged sections of society in under-developed countries of the world. Mycobacterium leprae, a slow-growing mycobacterium, causes leprosy in humans. Leprosy causes nerve damage and permanent disabilities including blindness and paralysis. People affected by leprosy face stigma and discrimination in society. Although multidrug therapy is available, millions of people are still affected by leprosy, so new vaccine, drug and disease management approaches are urgently needed for control, prevention and treatment of this disease. This chapter is a general review of leprosy, the current treatment and prevention measures and challenges that need to be addressed for complete eradication of this disease.
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Galeas-Pena, Michelle, and Lisa A. Morici. "Vaccine Development Against Melioidosis." In Vaccines for Neglected Pathogens: Strategies, Achievements and Challenges, 329–44. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-24355-4_15.

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AbstractMelioidosis in an infectious disease of humans and animals caused by the bacterium Burkholderia pseudomallei. Melioidosis is often considered a disease of the tropics, but recent data suggests that B. pseudomallei is distributed worldwide and the disease is likely largely underestimated. B. pseudomallei is inherently resistant to many antibiotics, which complicates treatment, particularly in low-resource countries. There is currently no licensed vaccine to prevent melioidosis. Fortunately, there has been significant progress over the last decade in our understanding of B. pseudomallei pathogenesis and host immunity. This has been paralleled by the discovery and testing of promising vaccine candidates against melioidosis. Collectively, these scientific advances spark optimism that licensure of a safe and effective vaccine is achievable.
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Vanjani, Rahul, Peter Hotez, and David J. Diemert. "“Emerging” Neglected Tropical Diseases." In Emerging Infections 9, 273–85. Washington, DC, USA: ASM Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/9781555816803.ch14.

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Bradbury, Richard, and Rebecca J. Traub. "Hookworm Infection in Oceania." In Neglected Tropical Diseases, 33–68. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-43148-2_2.

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Mendoza, Ana Patricia, Siena Mitman, and Marieke Hilarides Rosenbaum. "Mycobacterial Infections in Monkeys." In Neglected Diseases in Monkeys, 41–94. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-52283-4_4.

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Mazzacuva, Francesca, and Agostino Cilibrizzi. "Curcumin and Neglected Infectious Diseases." In Medicinal Chemistry of Neglected and Tropical Diseases, 310–36. Boca Raton, FL : CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group, [2018]: CRC Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781351011655-14.

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Velikkakam, Teresiama, Jacqueline Araujo Fiuza, and Soraya Torres Gaze. "Overview of Hookworm Infection in Humans." In Neglected Tropical Diseases, 121–35. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-68493-2_4.

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Hallmaier–Wacker, Luisa K., and Sascha Knauf. "Chlamydia Infections in Nonhuman Primates." In Neglected Diseases in Monkeys, 121–40. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-52283-4_6.

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Conference papers on the topic "Neglected Infectious disease"

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Goulart, Isabela Maria Bernardes, Agnes Laura Silva, Beatriz Elisa Santos Pennisi, Gabriela Louise Constantino Silva, Iago Resende Carvalho, Laura de Lourdes Cardoso e. Silva, and Diogo Fernandes dos Santos. "Leprosy neuritis due to COVID-19: a case report." In XIV Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.141s1.776.

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Introduction: Leprosy is one of the oldest diseases of humanity and still one of the most neglected. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused several entities to be concerned about the impact of the disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (Sars-CoV-2) in patients previously affected by other comorbidities.We report a case of leprosy neuritis due to COVID-19. Case: A 39-year-old male patient was diagnosed with borderline-lepromatous leprosy in 2015. On physical examination, he presented nerve thickening and an asymmetric multiple mononeuropathy on electroneuromyography (ENMG). He was treated with Rifampicin-Ofloxacin-Minocycline regimen for two years, with no sequelae. In 2021, he started with pain and paresthesia in the plantar and dorsal regions of the feet. He evolved with difficulty in walking and physical examination showed diffuse paresthesia and evident allodynia on the soles and dorsum of the feet, bilaterally. The patient did not present proximal muscle weakness, nor impairment of deep osteotendinous reflexes. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis was normal. About fifteen days prior to this, he was detected with COVID-19, manifested in a mild way, requiring only symptomatic medications. The ENMG showed signs of an asymmetric multiple mononeuropathy, predominantly axonal and sensorial, of severe intensity, with multiple associated focal myelin impairments, such as temporal dispersion. There were a severe impairment of the left ulnar, left fibular and tibial nerves. He was then diagnosed with type 1 leprosy reaction and underwent monthly pulse therapy with methylprednisolone, with an important clinical response. Discussion: Since the beginning of COVID-19, the possibility of an interaction between SARS-CoV-2 and Mycobacterium leprae has been raised, especially due to the immunological component of both diseases. Some authors have warned of the possibility of the influence of COVID-19, especially during its inflammatory phase, in triggering leprosy reactions, since infections are risk factors for their occurrence. Post-infectious reactional episodes always represent a challenge in clinical practice, as they are the main cause of disability and maintenance of leprosy-related stigma. Conclusion: The case reports a significant neurological impairment in a patient previously diagnosed with leprosy after SARS-CoV-2 infection. The importance of verifying possible post-pandemic impacts on historically neglected pathologies is highlighted.
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Santana, Gibson Barros de Almeida, Thiago Cavalcanti Leal, Leonardo Feitosa da Silva, Lucas Gomes Santos, Anderson da Costa Armstrong, Rodrigo Feliciano do Carmo, João Paulo Silva de Paiva, et al. "Factors associated with activity limitation in new leprosy cases in a hyperendemic municipality in the Northeast, Brazil: a cross-sectional study." In XIII Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.292.

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Background: Leprosy is a neglected, chronic and infectious tropical disease, caused by Mycobacterium leprae. It presents with skin and peripheral nerves alterations, responsible for irreversible physical disabilities. Brazil is one of the main countries endemic for the disease, persisting as a public health problem; its position is the first in the world in terms of prevalence coefficient. Objectives: To analyze the magnitude and factors associated with activity limitation in new leprosy cases diagnosed in the reference center in northeastern Brazil. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study, carried out in a reference center located in the municipality of Juazeiro - Bahia, between January and June 2018, involving 50 people diagnosed with leprosy. Clinical and sociodemographic variables were collected in addition to the application of the SALSA scale (Screening of Activity Limitation and Safety Awareness) for the analysis of functional limitation. The data were structured using Microsoft Excel software and, for analysis, IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows was used. Logistic regression was used with the calculation of the Odds Ratio to identify the factors associated with functional limitation. A 95% confidence interval and a 5% significance level were adopted. Results: The presence of functional limitations was registered in 32% (n = 16) of the cases analyzed, especially female (56.3%), elderly (37.5%), low education (87.6%), dimorphic form (62.5%), multibacillary classification (75.0%) and degree 2 of physical disability (50.0%). Functional limitation was associated with: age group ≥ 45 years (OR 3.80; p = 0.047), multibacillary age (OR 4.28; p = 0.021) and OMP score ≥ 6 (OR 4.69; p = 0.041). 75% of individuals with limitations were aged ≥ 45 years and were multibacillary. Conclusions: The factors associated with functional limitation were age equal to or greater than 45 years, multibacillary classification and OMP score greater than or equal to six. Early diagnosis and timely treatment in the routine of health services can contribute to the prevention of physical disability and functional limitations.
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"Targeting peroxisomal transport in trypanosoma." In 4th International Conference on Biological & Health Sciences (CIC-BIOHS’2022). Cihan University, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.24086/biohs2022/paper.566.

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Human infection with Trypanosoma parasites (Chagas disease and Human African Trypanosomiasis) affects around 10 million people worldwide resulting in life-threatening disease. Treatment options are limited to historic drugs characterized by significant side effects and decreasing efficacy while new drug development efforts are largely neglected. Here, we review drug discovery effort in human trypanosomiasis undertaken in academia. Peroxisomal (Pex) transport system was validated as a target in Chagas disease and a number of compounds were delivered which have shown promising results in animal experiments. Future perspectives of exploring the Pex system in anti-trypanosoma drug development are discussed.
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Torrecilla, José S., John C. Cancilla, Sandra Pradana López, Ana M. Pérez Calabuig, Manuel Izquierdo, Yolanda García Rodríguez, Edgar Antonio Reyes Ramirez, and Kelvin De Jesus Beleño Saez. "Service-learning - Diagnostic technologies presented by Ph.D. students to help socially neglected people during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic." In Seventh International Conference on Higher Education Advances. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica de València, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/head21.2021.13056.

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Innovation is becoming a fundamental part of many sectors and environments, including universities, not only regarding their research but also how education is approached. In this line, one of the ways to achieve these objectives is based on a collaboration between society, which presents a need to be solved, and the University. This society-university integration is achievable via the Service-Learning methodology (SLM), which has always been based on establishing strong links between the educational world and society. This paper presents a SLM-based project linked to technological development for the health sector during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Specifically, undergraduate chemistry students, and Ph.D. students led by professors have presented part of their technological developments to people in society who are at risk of exclusion to help them understand aspects of infection as well as diagnosis of diseases. In short, the objective is to transfer in an enjoyable fashion, a set of technological developments and knowledge that can help society understand aspects related to the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Ulfah, Siti, Cicilya Candi, and Ede Surya Darmawan. "Risk Factors of Covid-19 Transmission between Hospital Employees." In The 7th International Conference on Public Health 2020. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.01.23.

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ABSTRACT Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) in healthcare workers at hospital has caused concern because of the higher rates of infection from patients. The aimed of the study was to investigate the risk factors of covid-19 transmission between hospital employees. Subject and Method: This was a qualitative study conducted from August to September 2020. A total of 19 confirmed Covid-19 cases were selected for this study. The data were collected by in-depth interview analyzed descriptively. Results: From 19 confirmed Covid-19 cases, 15 of it were medical staff (78.95%) and the rest were non-medical staff (21.05%). The risk factors of transmission were direct contact with confirmed Covid-19 patient and neglected health protocol. Conclusion: The risk of Covid-19 transmission among hospital employees increases with a direct contact with patients and the neglection of health protocol. Keywords: Covid-19 transmission, hospital employees Correspondence: Siti Ulfah. Masters Program in Hospital Administration, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Indonesia. Email: sitiulfah111@gmail.com. Mobile: (021) 7864975. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.01.23
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