Relevant bibliographies by topics / Necessary Means/Measures

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Necessary Means/Measures'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 14 September 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Necessary Means/Measures"

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Colmar, Susan, Amanda Maxwell, and Leanne Miller. "Assessing Intellectual Disability in Children: Are IQ Measures Sufficient, or Even Necessary?" Australian Journal of Guidance and Counselling 16, no. 2 (2006): 177–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1375/ajgc.16.2.177.

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AbstractA number of critical issues concerning the assessment of children with intellectual disabilities, including definitional problems, psychometric factors, and practical difficulties, are raised in this article. It is suggested that school counsellors and psychologists should consider these issues when assessing children with probable or known intellectual disabilities, particularly when using IQ tests. The use of adaptive scales as an additional means of defining and measuring intellectual disability is also examined. Although no ideal means of formally assessing children with intellectu
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Kruglova, Yulia B., and Oksana V. Misyakova. "Migration Security and Its Assurance by Administrative Coercion Means." Migration law 1 (February 22, 2024): 19–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.18572/2071-1182-2024-1-19-21.

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The article studies effectiveness of the use of administrative coercion measures as a measure aimed at ensuring and maintaining the migration security of Russia at the present time. The measures implemented by the state to ensure migration security in the form of administrative responsibility no longer correspond to the goals set for them. Authors come to the conclusions: in order to ensure the migration security of Russia, it is necessary to tighten the measures of administrative responsibility for violation of migration rules (increasing the statute of limitations for bringing to administrat
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Paida, Yuriy, and Denys Savchuk. "Procedure for the use of physical force, special means and firearms." Naukovyy Visnyk Dnipropetrovs'kogo Derzhavnogo Universytetu Vnutrishnikh Sprav 1, no. 1 (2021): 13–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.31733/2078-3566-2021-1-13-22.

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The article addresses the issue of guarantees the individual rights and in the scope of coercion. These guarantees should be a reliable protection against possible unlawful actions by officials in the course of coercion and operate in order not create unnecessary obstacles to repid response. As a rule, the guarantee of individual rights take effect either upon application or after its application to the individual. Therefore, it is emphasized that legal means of preventive action play a special role in ensuring the rights of citizens in the process of applying administrative and coercive measu
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HARMATA, Władysław, Zbigniew SZCZEŚNIAK, Marian SOBIECH, and Adam BARYŁKA. "Collective protection measures - methods to ensure clean air." Inżynieria Bezpieczeństwa Obiektów Antropogenicznych, no. 3 (September 5, 2023): 53–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.37105/iboa.183.

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The review article deals with the current issue of collective protection, including collective protection against contamination. The division of collective protection means by purpose and basic equipment for use under conditions of contamination is presented. Based on NATO documents, functional and operational recommendations were formulated. Methods of protecting facilities from the penetration of contaminated air by sealing, dilution in vestibules and the creation of positive pressure support were characterized. Methods of ventilating facilities with respect to changing the composition and p
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Kubrak, R. M., and V. M. Seheda. "ENFORCEMENT MEASURES APPLICATION BY PERSONNEL OF PENAL INSTITUTIONS: A NECESSARY COMPONENT OF PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITY OR AN OBSOLETE RUDEMENT." Scientific journal Criminal and Executive System: Yesterday. Today. Tomorrow 2022, no. 1 (2022): 66–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.32755/sjcriminal.2022.01.066.

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The analysis of problematic issues concerning application of firearms, special means, measures of physical influence and service dogs by the personnel of penal institutions is carried out. It is determined that handcuffs and physical force were among the coercive measures most often used by the personnel against convicts. Most of these measures were used in cases of cessation of physical resistance of the personnel of such institutions and obstruction of procedural security measures implementation, as well as attempts to convicts’ self-harm. Most judgments of the European Court of Human Rights
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Alexandrova, L. I. "Counterfeit as a criminal phenomenon: means of counteraction." Juridical Journal of Samara University 7, no. 3 (2022): 59–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.18287/2542-047x-2021-7-3-59-65.

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The market of counterfeit goods by its content is a component of the criminal market, as a complex socio- economic phenomenon. The problem of counterfeit goods is very acute, since it affects not only the interests of copyright holders, but also negatively affects consumers in any sector of the economy. The article analyzes the legislation on counterfeiting, analyzes the reasons for the turnover of counterfeit products, shows the dynamics of detection of counterfeit products by customs authorities from 2015 to 2020, considers the measures taken and necessary in the fight against counterfeiting
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Idiatullov, T. T., and E. B. Chabanenko. "Small innovative enterprises as a means of commercializing of achievements of the Russian science." Izvestiya MGTU MAMI 7, no. 1-6 (2013): 173–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/2074-0530-67887.

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The article considers the problems of commercialization of university research, and establishment and operation of small innovative enterprises at universities and research organizations. The authors conducted a statistical analysis of existing businesses and made ​​assumptions about the necessary measures to develop the areas of non-budget funding research in higher education.
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Podmarеv, Alexander A. "Proportionality as a constitutional principle of limiting human and civil rights and freedoms in the Russian Federation." Izvestiya of Saratov University. New Series. Series Economics. Management. Law 21, no. 1 (2021): 83–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.18500/1994-2540-2021-21-1-83-91.

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Introduction. The 1993 Constitution of the Russian Federation allows for the possibility of restricting rights and freedoms of individuals and establishes imperative conditions (principles) for the introduction and operation of these restrictions. One of these constitutional principles is the principle of proportionality: the rights and freedoms of a person and a citizen can be limited only to the extent necessary to achieve the goals specified in part 3 of Article 55. Theoretical analysis. The principle of proportionality of restrictions to certain goals is currently declared by the constitut
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Gabov, Аndrey V., and Оleg А. Yastrebov. "LOCAL ACTS OF UNIVERSITIES AS A MEANS OF COMBATING CORRUPTION." RUDN Journal of Law 24, no. 2 (2020): 252–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-2337-2020-24-2-252-273.

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The purpose of the article is to analyze such a relatively new legal means of combating corruption as codes of ethics. The authors note the harm caused by corruption in higher education; they point out that such harm is cumulative. It is noted that currently the legislation is not limited to combating corruption in public authorities. The anti-corruption law since 2012 defines the obligation of each organization to take measures to combat corruption and take the necessary measures to do so. The authors conclude that more and more attention is being paid to the proper performance of this duty b
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Li, Jun. "On Null-Continuity of Monotone Measures." Mathematics 8, no. 2 (2020): 205. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math8020205.

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The null-continuity of monotone measures is a weaker condition than continuity from below and possesses many special properties. This paper further studies this structure characteristic of monotone measures. Some basic properties of null-continuity are shown and the characteristic of null-continuity is described by using convergence of sequence of measurable functions. It is shown that the null-continuity is a necessary condition that the classical Riesz’s theorem remains valid for monotone measures. When considered measurable space ( X , A ) is S-compact, the null-continuity condition is also
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Necessary Means/Measures"

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Murawska, Agnieszka Aleksandra. "Administrative anti-fraud measures within the European Union necessity and means." Baden-Baden Nomos, 2007. http://d-nb.info/986532606/04.

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Kalidou, Ndaw Cheikh. "L'expression 'tous les moyens nécessaires' dans les résolutions du Conseil de sécurité autorisant le recours à la force." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UPASH007.

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L'expression « tous les moyens nécessaires » est la « formule magique » privilégiée par le Conseil de sécurité de l'ONU pour autoriser des États membres à recourir à la force armée. Elle constitue la clé de voûte de la pratique subséquente qui, bien qu'elle soit en phase avec l'esprit de la Charte des Nations Unies, n'en est pas moins une déformation de sa lettre. À ce titre, elle soulève bien des interrogations qui justifient qu'une étude approfondie lui soit consacrée.S'il est établi que le Conseil de sécurité, agissant dans le cadre du Chapitre VII de la Charte de l'ONU, dispose d'un pouvoi
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Books on the topic "Necessary Means/Measures"

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Murawska, Agnieszka Aleksandra. Administrative anti-fraud measures within the European Union: Necessity and means. Nomos, 2008.

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Man, Independent. Occasional Letters upon Taxation [microform]: Upon the Means of Raising the Supplies Within the Year, to Answer the Expences of a Necessary War, and upon Such Measures As Would Probably Tend to Secure Great Britain and Its Natural Dependencies The... Creative Media Partners, LLC, 2021.

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Alexander, Peter D. G., and Malachy O. Columb. Presentation and handling of data, descriptive and inferential statistics. Edited by Jonathan G. Hardman. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199642045.003.0028.

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The need for any doctor to comprehend, assimilate, analyse, and form an opinion on data cannot be overestimated. This chapter examines the presentation and handling of such data and its subsequent statistical analysis. It covers the organization and description of data, measures of central tendency such as mean, median, and mode, measures of dispersion (standard deviation), and the problems of missing data. Theoretical distributions, such as the Gaussian distribution, are examined and the possibility of data transformation discussed. Inferential statistics are used as a means of comparing grou
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Lyalyuk, Vitaliy, Kateryna Shmeltser, and Daria Kassim. Improving the technology production of coke for blast furnace smelting. OKTAN PRINT s.r.o., 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46489/ittpoc-229.

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The most important means of improving blast-furnace performance is to supply high-quality batch – in particular, high-quality coke. Under the conditions of the formed multi-basin raw material base of coking, which predetermines the differences in the technological properties and material composition of imported and domestic coal concentrates, it is necessary to clarify and improve the basic technological methods of preparation for their use in coal mixtures. Achieving optimal characteristics of coke for blast furnace smelting conditions is possible with a comprehensive, scientifically based ap
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Girvin, Stephen, and Vibe Ulfbeck, eds. Carbon-Free Shipping and Shipping Carbon. Hart Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781509972661.

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This book explores the private law implementation of the new international and EU regulatory framework targeting decarbonisation in the shipping industry. Compared with other sectors, the shipping industry has traditionally been labelled a ‘slow mover’ concerning the sustainability agenda. However, new regulatory measures on carbon reduction both internationally and in the EU require fundamentally new developments in the industry. This book focuses on the goal of carbon reduction from a private law perspective and considers how the new regulatory framework can be implemented in the shipping in
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White, Jonathan. Politics of Last Resort. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198791720.001.0001.

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Prominent in the EU’s recent transformations has been the tendency to advance extraordinary measures in the name of crisis response. From emergency lending to macro-economics, border management to Brexit, policies are pursued unconventionally and as measures of last resort. This book investigates the nature, rise, and implications of this politics of emergency as it appears in the transnational setting. As the author argues, recourse to this method of rule is an expression of the deeper weakness of executive power in today’s Europe. It is how policy-makers contend with rising socio-economic po
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Concha Cantú, Hugo A., Miguel Ángel Lara Otaola, and Jesús Orozco Henríquez. Towards a Global Index of Electoral Justice: International IDEA Discussion Paper 2/2020. International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance, and Tribunal Electoral del Poder Judicial de la Federación, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31752/idea.2021.29.

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Globally, a wide variety of indices and indicators evaluate and provide information on different aspects of democracy and electoral procedures. On the one hand, there are indices that measure the quality of democracy and its resilience over time, focusing on building blocks such as the existence of representative governments, civil and political rights and necessary power limits. Other indices evaluate the quality of elections and specific aspects, such as voter registration, campaign financing and the performance of electoral authorities. Finally, others evaluate rule of law and access to jus
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Newell, James L. Corruption in contemporary politics. Manchester University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.7228/manchester/9780719088919.001.0001.

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This book provides an accessible account of current thinking about political corruption, recognising that the phenomenon is a serious problem: since it infringes rules defining legitimate and illegitimate means of the acquisition of wealth and the exercise of power, corruption damages the interests of the advantaged and disadvantaged alike. The advantaged find that wealth cannot be pursued and maintained safely, the disadvantaged that development is thwarted and resources redistributed from the poor to the rich. Against this background, the book takes the reader on a journey – a journey that b
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Barrett, Christopher B., and Erin C. Lentz. Food Insecurity. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190846626.013.438.

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Food plays an essential role in performance and well-being. Apart from its physiological necessity, food is also a source of pleasure. Since both biological needs for food and psychic satisfaction from food vary considerably among and within populations, coming up with precise, operationalizable measures of food security have proved problematic. Furthermore, the concept of food security encompasses not only current nutritional status but also vulnerability to future disruptions in one’s access to adequate and appropriate food. The complexity of the concept of food security has given rise to sc
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Schneider, Margarethe. Exploring farmers´ motivation for collective action : A Q study on collaboration in Dutch agri-environment schemes. Technische Universität Dresden, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.25368/2022.410.

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Within the European Union’s Common Agricultural Policy, agri-environment schemes (AES) have been designed to address the degradation of the natural environment caused by agriculture. To improve the schemes’ ecological effectiveness, a collective approach focusing on a landscape instead of a single farm level is recommended. This approach is rarely applied across Europe except for the Netherlands, where all AES have to be realised collectively since 2016. As participation in the schemes is voluntary, understanding farmers’ motivation to join is crucial since the uptake and implementation of mea
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Book chapters on the topic "Necessary Means/Measures"

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Hetemäki, Lauri, and Jyrki Kangas. "Forest Bioeconomy, Climate Change and Managing the Change." In Forest Bioeconomy and Climate Change. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-99206-4_1.

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AbstractIn order to realise Agenda 2030, or the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals, and the Paris Climate Agreement, the business-as-usual model––the policies, production and consumption habits we have been following thus far––will not work. Instead, it is necessary to change the existing economic model and how we advance societal well-being. Here, we argue that a forest-based bioeconomy will be a necessary, albeit insufficient, part of this transformation. The European forest-based sector has significant potential to help in mitigating climate change. However, there is no single way to do this. The means to accomplish this are diverse, and these measures also need to be tailored to regional settings. Moreover, the climate mitigation measures should be advanced in synergy with the other societal goals, such as economic and social sustainability. Climate mitigation in the forest- based sector requires a holistic perspective.
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Zhang, Chenyang. "Settlement and Mediation." In Win in Chinese Courts. Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-3342-6_11.

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AbstractChinese courts, influenced by the concept “Harmony is the Top Priority” in Chinese culture, have always been encouraging the parties to resolve disputes by means of settlement and/or court-connected mediation. In order to prevent the other party from reneging after signing a settlement or mediation agreement, the parties need to obtain effective legal documents from the court so that they can apply with the court for enforcement where necessary. In the process of settlement and mediation, the concessions made by the parties that are unfavorable to themselves cannot be deemed as a self-admission of the parties. However, it is necessary for the parties to take certain measures to prove that these concessions are indeed made in the process of settlement and mediation. Generally, the information involved in settlement and mediation is confidential.
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Lucertini, Giulia, and Francesco Musco. "Circular City: Urban and Territorial Perspectives." In Regenerative Territories. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-78536-9_7.

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AbstractThe United Nation’s 17 Sustainable development Goals (SDG) can be considered as the lighthouse of the great challenges which humanity will be confronted with. Many of these goals are related to our behaviors and our “take, make, and dispose,” namely, the linear dominant economic model that, in the last centuries, is leading to an ongoing increase of resource consumption and, consequently, a huge generation of waste. In fact, the rate of both natural resource consumption and waste generation are urgent issues, especially in the urban and peri-urban areas that will require proper solutions. The city is and will be even more in the future the most affected and the major drivers of resource consumption since it is expected that by 2050 more than 70% of the population will live in urbanized areas, and cities will grow in number and size. It means that land, water, food, energy, and other natural resource are increasingly necessary, but because resources are limited, it is required to change the linear consumption model in a new circular model of use and consumption where waste is avoided. In the last few years, emerged that waste management practices are improving according to the European Waste Hierarchy guidance, but there is still a wide possibility of improvement. This chapter explores, on one hand, what means the circular city, and on the other hand how to build it suggesting some policy recommendations. Considering urban and peri-urban areas as the space of material and people flows, thus optimizing the space used by flows and improving their interactions, it will be possible to construct another step toward circularity. In that view, the circular city acquires an urban and territorial perspective that can be managed with the urban and territorial tools, measures, policies, and plans, able to link also issues like climate adaptation, resilience, and sustainability. Finally, we argue that important work must be done in the immediate future in order to re-think and re-design urban spaces, urban practices, and infrastructures, thus shift from linear to circular city.
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Zhang, Chenyang. "Service of Court Documents." In Win in Chinese Courts. Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-3342-6_4.

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AbstractThe court documents will be served after the determination of adjudicatory personnel. In China, the service of court documents is effected by the court, with necessary assistance from the party if needed. Chinese courts may serve court documents by personal service, service by mail and the like. In practice, service by mail is the preferred method of service among most Chinese courts. However, to improve the efficiency of service, Chinese courts are now actively trying electronic service. If court documents cannot be served by the foregoing means, the court may also resort to service by publication. Due to fast and widespread population migration and intentional evasion of the service of court documents, Chinese courts are facing “difficulty in effecting service of court documents” to a certain extent, which in turn upsets the litigation efficiency. To solve this problem, Chinese courts have taken various measures, which significantly improve the efficiency of service. If the defendant is a foreign party without domicile in China, the Chinese court may serve court documents on its designated personnel or organization in China. In the absence of such personnel or organization, Chinese courts usually serve court documents in accordance with international treaties such as the Convention on the Service Abroad of Judicial and Extrajudicial Documents in Civil or Commercial Matters (hereinafter referred to as the “Hague Service Convention”). To the extent permitted by the internal law of the state of the person to be served, Chinese courts may also serve court documents by mail and electronic means. Anyway, service by publication still remains the last resort for service of court documents of Chinese courts. As a contracting state to the Hague Service Convention, China is obligated to assist foreign courts in service of court documents in accordance therewith. For this purpose, Chinese courts have also stipulated a clear process for assisting foreign courts in service of court documents. If there are bilateral treaties between China and other contracting states to the Hague Service Convention, there will be some flexibilities in the application of either the Hague Service Convention or bilateral treaties.
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Samans, Richard. "Introductory Overview: Institutionalizing Inclusion, Sustainability and Resilience in Market Economies." In Human-Centred Economics. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-37435-7_1.

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AbstractThis chapter argues that the root of the increasingly serious crisis facing capitalism and liberalism more generally can be located in a fundamental distortion in the way its canon of economic principles and tools have evolved since the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, and especially in the way they have been applied over the past several decades. In effect, generations of economists and policymakers have been trained to behave as if Adam Smith's “invisible hand” of market-based resource allocation can be relied upon to optimize not only the wealth of nations (its core function as stated by Smith) but also the well-being of their populations at large. A rising tide of GDP, as it were, ultimately lifts all boats. But Smith and other important pioneers of the field assumed no such thing. They believed that market-oriented measures to increase the production and wealth of nations were a necessary but by no means sufficient condition for raising the broad standard of living of their people. A range of institutions—legal and other norms, policy incentives and administrative capacities mainly but not only in the public sector—were required to ensure appropriate levels of social inclusion, environmental sustainability and human and systemic resilience. Modern economics’ policy immobility and political tin ear in the face of these challenges is rooted in a certain indoctrinated incomprehension. Its implicit assumption that GDP growth eventually diffuses or “trickles down” into broad socioeconomic progress and security has never been properly recognized and interrogated. The essential principle the book posits is that the broad living standards of nations—the main facets of the median household’s material well-being—deserve as much direct policy attention and institutional cultivation by economists and policymakers as the wealth of nations, that is to say, national income or GDP.
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Niggli, Urs, Martijn Sonnevelt, and Susanne Kummer. "Pathways to Advance Agroecology for a Successful Transformation to Sustainable Food Systems." In Science and Innovations for Food Systems Transformation. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-15703-5_18.

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AbstractAgroecology is a powerful strategy that reduces the trade-offs between productivity and sustainability. It promotes the diversity of crops and livestock, fields, farms and landscapes, which together are key to improving the sustainability of food and farming systems in terms of long-term productivity, food actors’ empowerment and inclusion and environmental health. Agroecology is a bundle of measures taken by farmers that, individually or combined, mobilize biodiversity and ecosystem services for productivity. Ideally, it leads to economically and ecologically resilient production systems that are high-yielding. It does not necessarily mean a predefined farming system, and the shift from simplified by industrial standards to agroecological farms is gradual. The transformation and upscaling of agroecological practices requires changes that affect not only the management of farms, or production and consumption patterns at the food system level, but also the institutional framework conditions and the way in which we measure the performance of agricultural and food systems. In our chapter, we describe four domains of transformation – knowledge systems, markets, collaborations and policy coherence – each with enabling and constraining factors.
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Gentilcore, David, and Egidio Priani. "The Aetiological Turn (The Nineteenth Century)." In Mental Health in Historical Perspective. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-22496-6_3.

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AbstractBeginning in the 1830s, medical investigators began to think of organic disorders as having single causes that were both universal and necessary. For this to be possible required a radical shift in the way doctors defined diseases: from symptoms to causes. The so-called aetiological approach to disease meant that every case of the disease had the same cause. This, in turn, meant that any prophylactic or therapeutic measures directed at that cause, which were effective in one case, would be effective in every case. The crux of the matter now shifted to identifying a disease’s causation, beyond dispute. And when it came to pellagra, this was precisely the problem. By the middle of the nineteenth century, all the medical actors involved agreed on the close link between pellagra and maize consumption. What they disagreed on was the exact causal nature of that link, propounding two divergent, indeed mutually exclusive, explanatory models. How the cultural dominance of one explanatory model, at the expense of another, came about; what it tells us about the nature of Italian medical science in the second half of the nineteenth century; and what its dominance meant for sufferers, is the subject of this chapter.
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Zaefferer, Martin, Olaf Mersmann, and Thomas Bartz-Beielstein. "Global Study: Influence of Tuning." In Hyperparameter Tuning for Machine and Deep Learning with R. Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-5170-1_12.

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AbstractExpanding the more focused analyses from previous chapters, this chapter takes a broader view at the tuning process. That means, rather than tuning an individual model, this investigation considers the tuning of multiple models, with different tuners, and varying data sets. The core aim is to see how characteristics of the data and the model choice may impact the tuning procedure. We investigate five hypotheses, concerning the necessity of tuning, the impact of data characteristics, the impact of the target variable type, the impact of model choice, and benchmarking. Not only does this entail an in-depth tuning study, but we also tie our results to a measure of problem difficulty and use consensus ranking to aggregate the diverse experimental results.
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Mendes, Emilia. "How Accurate is an Effort Model?" In Cost Estimation Techniques for Web Projects. IGI Global, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59904-135-3.ch003.

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Building effort models or using techniques to obtain a measure of estimated effort does not mean that the effort estimates obtained will be accurate. As such, it is also important and necessary to assess the estimation accuracy of the effort models or techniques under scrutiny. For this, we need to employ a process called cross-validation. Cross-validation means that part of the original data set is used to build an effort model, or is used by an effort estimation technique, leaving the remainder of the data set (data not used in the model-building process) to be used to validate the model or technique. In addition, in parallel with conducting cross-validation, prediction accuracy measures are also obtained. Examples of de facto accuracy measures are the mean magnitude of relative error (MMRE), the median magnitude of relative error (MdMRE), and prediction at 25% (Pred[25]).
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Ruiz, Gerardo Reyes. "QR Multilevel Codes to Reduce Cybersecurity Risks in the Logistics of Freight Transport in Ports." In Cybersecurity Measures for Logistics Industry Framework. IGI Global, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-7625-3.ch011.

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A country's national security depends on many combined and constantly changing factors. However, one of the most preponderant aspects is the access control of goods and people entering and leaving the country through its customs, as a result of mobility and international trade currently taking place. Throughout the territory of a country, the entry and exit of both merchandise and people of different natures or nationalities, respectively, are carried out by different means of transport. Therefore, it is necessary to establish more efficient control points that manage, supervise, and, where appropriate, tax this activity, because otherwise products, materials, or people that pose a risk to human health may enter the country. In this context, this chapter shows a practical tool, based on multilevel QR codes, to improve the identification and supervision of goods entering a country through its port customs to show a technology that reduces cybersecurity risks in freight transport logistics.
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Conference papers on the topic "Necessary Means/Measures"

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Poretti, Paula, and Vedrana Švedl Blažeka. "REMOTE JUSTICE IN CORONAVIRUS CRISIS – DO THE MEANS JUSTIFY THE ENDS, OR DO THE ENDS JUSTIFY THE MEANS?" In The recovery of the EU and strengthening the ability to respond to new challenges – legal and economic aspects. Faculty of Law, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.25234/eclic/22410.

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The coronavirus related crisis affected severely all aspects of life and judiciary is no exception. The world has been confronted with new challenges. New circumstances have created significant impact on the functioning of access to justice. New ways of administrating the legal system were introduced in the last decade, allowing for the use of the means of electronic communication, reducing certain stages of court procedures, opting for solutions for peaceful dispute settlement and promoting out-of-court dispute resolution. However, the coronavirus caused, beyond any doubt, severe delays in co
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Constantin, Mihai. "Management of the "Syrian Refugee Crisis" - Repercussions on European Security. Impact/Measures Analysis." In International Conference Innovative Business Management & Global Entrepreneurship. LUMEN Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18662/lumproc/ibmage2020/17.

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The Syrian crisis is the most complex crisis (political, social, humanitarian, security) in the world, since World War II. In regards to the 1951 „Geneva Convention on the Status of Refugees”, states have an obligation to provide refugees with a form of primary protection, which is not intended to replace asylum, but rather to provide an intermediate and immediate protection measure. At European level, for asylum seekers and refugees, there are several programs (developed by international institutions such as "UN for refugees" and "UNHCR") for integration into the host country during the tempo
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Fazil Saad Albatat, Muntazar, and Faiza Hassan Masjt Aljashie. ""Changes in exchange rates and their effects on the economic reality In Iraq for the period 2003-2021 "." In 11th International Conference of Economic and Administrative Reform: Necessities and Challenges. University of Human Development, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21928/uhdicearnc/5.

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The aim of the research is to explain the most impact of changes in the exchange rate on the Iraqi economy through its impact on many macroeconomic variables, as well as to clarify the most important reasons that led the Iraqi government to resort to devaluing the Iraqi dinar and the most important economic effects that resulted from this reduction. The research concluded that the devaluation of the currency has resulted in many negative effects on the economy, as it has greatly affected the living standards of individuals, and the research recommended that the Central Bank should take all nec
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Fazil Saad Albatat, Muntazar, and Faiza Hassan Masjt Aljashie. ""Changes in exchange rates and their effects on the economic reality In Iraq for the period 2003-2021 "." In 11th International Conference of Economic and Administrative Reform: Necessities and Challenges. University of Human Development, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21928/icearnc/5.

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The aim of the research is to explain the most impact of changes in the exchange rate on the Iraqi economy through its impact on many macroeconomic variables, as well as to clarify the most important reasons that led the Iraqi government to resort to devaluing the Iraqi dinar and the most important economic effects that resulted from this reduction. The research concluded that the devaluation of the currency has resulted in many negative effects on the economy, as it has greatly affected the living standards of individuals, and the research recommended that the Central Bank should take all nec
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Liu, Xiang, M. Rapik Saat, and Christopher P. L. Barkan. "Safety Effectiveness of Integrated Accident Prevention Strategies." In 2013 Joint Rail Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2013-2472.

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There are potential interactions among approaches to reduce or prevent certain accident causes. Given the overlapped safety benefits of various measures for accident prevention, it is necessary to identify their interactions and quantify the safety effectiveness of combined accident prevention strategies. This study focuses on strategies to prevent broken rails and broken wheels, respectively. Improved wheel condition reduces the impact load on the rail, thereby may reduce broken-rail-caused derailments. In this paper, we propose a quantitative framework to assess the safety effectiveness of c
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Evcenko, Dimitri, Holger Kett, and Jürgen Falkner. "Equipment-as-a-Service – necessary changes for service-based business models." In 5th International Conference on Human Systems Engineering and Design: Future Trends and Applications (IHSED 2023). AHFE International, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1004162.

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Everything-as-a-Service (XaaS) describes a paradigm in which all resources of an ecosystem are offered as services. If this approach is applied in the manufacturing industry with physical goods such as machines or equipment, we talk about Equipment-as-a-Service (EaaS). Depending on the value proposition of the EaaS, a distinction can be made between availability, utility, result, and success centric EaaS business models. For example, in availability centric EaaS business models, the value proposition consists of the availability of a service with agreed performance standards, with the billing
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F. Catapan, Márcio, Maria Lucia Okimoto, Mateus Villas Boas, and Roberto Waldhauer. "Statistical Analysis of the Height of Human Head in the Use of Ballistic Helmets." In Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics Conference. AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1001309.

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The adequacy and improvements of the artifacts have been the concern of ergonomics, where the focus is the preservation of the physical, mental and social human being. This is the view of the anthropometry which is the measurement science and art of human knowledge of geometry, so it can be defined as the part of anthropology that studies the proportions and measurements of the human body. To defining a new measure anthropometric a statistical study is required with the correct number of samples for the experiment, definitions of the standard deviation and its variance, identification and comp
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Saito, Akira. "A Study of Detecting for Dragging Anchor." In ASME 2020 39th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2020-18399.

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Abstract Frequent attack of typhoon leads to crucial accidents caused by anchor dragging. In 2018, 21st typhoon hit west of Japan and the vessel, which was fallen into anchor dragging, collided with the bridge connecting Kansai International Airport and opposite shore. This accident had serious damage to the transportation of people and logistics. Moreover, when 15th typhoon in 2019, which gave crucial damages such as house damages and suspension of the electric power and the water supply, hit Chiba prefecture located in east of Japan, 107 vessels which were equivalent to one third of all vess
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Kawaguchi, Satoshi, Satoshi Mizuno, and Yoshihiro Oyama. "Long-Term Cooling Strategy for the Primary Containment Vessel of the Kashiwazaki-Kariwa Nuclear Power Station in a Severe Accident." In 2017 25th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone25-67317.

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This paper explains the strategy of our company (Tokyo Electric Power, TEPCO) regarding means of long-term heat removal from the primary containment vessel (PCV) of Units 6 and 7 (ABWR) of the Kashiwazaki-Kariwa Nuclear Power Station in a severe accident. If the PCV continues in a high-temperature state for a long time, the strength of the PCV concrete will decline, and the risk of being affected by an earthquake will increase. Therefore, it is crucial for safety to cool the PCV and reduce its temperature to the maximum working temperature or lower. TEPCO provides a means of cooling the reacto
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Nass, Susanne, Andre Sprenger, and Reiner Anderl. "Methodology for Estimation of Life Cycle Orientated Optimizatation Measures of Investment Goods." In ASME 2010 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2010-39693.

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A manufacturer of any kind of product has to be in contrast to competitive to survive on market. A major point to win a customer over is the arrangements of costs. In investment goods industry asset cost are just the tip of the iceberg. Most of their costs accrue by use. Because of that it is important to overview the whole costs of the product life cycle. Product life cycle costs describe the cost of a product over its whole life. This includes all expenses from development, production and use to recycling and refers to manufacturer and customer equally. The majority of costs are determined i
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Reports on the topic "Necessary Means/Measures"

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Samochowiec, Jakub, Johannes C. Bauer, and Kathrin Neumüller. Strategies for Dealing With the Labour Shortage – An Overview. Gdi-verlag, GDI Gottlieb Duttweiler Institute, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.59986/hcmm6371.

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The Swiss labour market will shrink without immigration. But even with high immigrationnfigures, it will not be possible to maintain the previous growth of the labour market. Employers need to adapt to this situation. This study compiles and arranges different measures for dealing with the labour shortage, with the aim of showing different approaches to deal with the situation. The measures are arranged following the formula: Number of person-hours x efficiency = output The increase in the number of person-hours includes, on the one hand, measures to make employers more attractive. These are r
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Lewis, Dustin. Three Pathways to Secure Greater Respect for International Law concerning War Algorithms. Harvard Law School Program on International Law and Armed Conflict, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.54813/wwxn5790.

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Existing and emerging applications of artificial intelligence in armed conflicts and other systems reliant upon war algorithms and data span diverse areas. Natural persons may increasingly depend upon these technologies in decisions and activities related to killing combatants, destroying enemy installations, detaining adversaries, protecting civilians, undertaking missions at sea, conferring legal advice, and configuring logistics. In intergovernmental debates on autonomous weapons, a normative impasse appears to have emerged. Some countries assert that existing law suffices, while several ot
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Garciga, Christian L., Randal J. Verbrugge, and Saeed Zaman. The Effect of Component Disaggregation on Measures of the Median and Trimmed-Mean CPI. Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.26509/frbc-wp-202402.

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For decades, the Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland (FRBC) has produced median and trimmed-mean consumer price index (CPI) measures. These have proven useful in various contexts, such as forecasting and understanding post-COVID inflation dynamics. Revisions to the FRBC methodology have historically involved increasing the level of disaggregation in the CPI components, which has improved accuracy. Thus, it may seem logical that further disaggregation would continue to enhance its accuracy. However, we theoretically demonstrate that this may not necessarily be the case. We then explore the empiri
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Walz, Yvonne, Florence Nick, Oscar Higuera Roa, Udo Nehren, and Zita Sebesvari. Coherence and Alignment among Sustainable Land Management, Ecosystem-based Adaptation, Ecosystem-based Disaster Risk Reduction and Nature-based Solutions. United Nations University - Institute for Environment and Human Security, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.53324/mwgp9896.

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Approaches integrating environmental management practices have been gaining importance in recent years. Sustainable Land Management (SLM), Ecosystem-based Adaptation (EbA), Ecosystem-based disaster Risk Reduction (Eco-DRR) and Nature-based Solutions (NbS) are widely applied approaches that tackle certain drivers of challenges such as food insecurity, water scarcity, decline in biodiversity and threats to livelihoods, while also considering both human well-being and ecosystem functions and services. Better understanding the similarities, differences and relationships between these approaches he
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Mayfield, Colin. Higher Education in the Water Sector: A Global Overview. United Nations University Institute for Water, Environment and Health, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.53328/guxy9244.

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Higher education related to water is a critical component of capacity development necessary to support countries’ progress towards Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) overall, and towards the SDG6 water and sanitation goal in particular. Although the precise number is unknown, there are at least 28,000 higher education institutions in the world. The actual number is likely higher and constantly changing. Water education programmes are very diverse and complex and can include components of engineering, biology, chemistry, physics, hydrology, hydrogeology, ecology, geography, earth sciences, pu
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Ultrasound Measurement of Shear Wave Speed for Estimation Liver Fibrosis, Clinically Feasible Profile. Chair David Fetzer, Stephen McAleavey, and Stephen Rosenzweig. Radiological Society of North America (RSNA) / Quantitative Imaging Biomarkers Alliance (QIBA), 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1148/qiba/20240115.

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The goal of a QIBA Profile is to help achieve a useful level of performance for a given biomarker. Profile development is an evolutionary, phased process; this Profile is in the “Clinically Feasible” (formerly “Technically Confirmed") stage. The performance claims represent expert consensus and will be empirically demonstrated at a subsequent stage. Several sites have performed the profile, found it to be practical, and expect it to achieve the claimed performance. Users of this Profile are encouraged to refer to the following site to understand the document’s context: http://qibawiki.rsna.org
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Schmid, Juan Pedro. How Much Anti-Money Laundering Effort is Enough? The Jamaican Experience. Inter-American Development Bank, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0008454.

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The worldwide fight against money laundering (AML) is escalating. Individuals and businesses that conduct and depend on legitimate international financial transactions are feeling the impact of measures meant to counter illegitimate ones. Countries flagged as having weak AML regulations encounter substantial challenges maintaining correspondent banking relations. However, recent experiences have shown that fulfilling the AML standards, albeit necessary, is not sufficient to persuade financial institutions to keep international financial relations. This is particularly the case with internation
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Pritchett, Lant, Kirsty Newman, and Jason Silberstein. Focus to Flourish: Five Actions to Accelerate Progress in Learning. Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-rise-misc_2022/07.

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There is a severe global learning crisis. While nearly all children start school, far too many do not learn even the most foundational skills of reading, writing, and basic mathematics during the years they spend there. The urgent need to address this crisis requires no elaborate reasoning. If one starts with love for a child, a human universal, it is easy to see that in the modern world a child’s dignity, self-worth, and freedom to define their own destiny require an adequate education. An adequate education is what will then enable that child to lead a full adult life as a parent, community
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Snyder, Victor A., Dani Or, Amos Hadas, and S. Assouline. Characterization of Post-Tillage Soil Fragmentation and Rejoining Affecting Soil Pore Space Evolution and Transport Properties. United States Department of Agriculture, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2002.7580670.bard.

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Tillage modifies soil structure, altering conditions for plant growth and transport processes through the soil. However, the resulting loose structure is unstable and susceptible to collapse due to aggregate fragmentation during wetting and drying cycles, and coalescense of moist aggregates by internal capillary forces and external compactive stresses. Presently, limited understanding of these complex processes often leads to consideration of the soil plow layer as a static porous medium. With the purpose of filling some of this knowledge gap, the objectives of this Project were to: 1) Identif
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Gow, Kirsten, Margaret Currie, Paula Duffy, Ruth Wilson, and Lorna J. Philip. Gow’s Typology of Scotland’s Islands: Technical notes. University of Aberdeen, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.57064/2164/22333.

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While classifications of Scotland’s islands already exist, these are often based on geographical location or local authority boundaries, which fails to acknowledge key differences between islands in close geographical proximity and overlooks commonalities between geographically dispersed islands. Measures of population size and travel time to larger population centres are routinely used in domestic and international examples of such classifications. However, these do not capture island-specific factors affecting those who live and work in islands, which are key considerations for research and
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