Academic literature on the topic 'Near well region'
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Journal articles on the topic "Near well region":
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Durlofsky, L. J., W. J. Milliken, and A. Bernath. "Scaleup in the Near-Well Region." SPE Journal 5, no. 01 (March 1, 2000): 110–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/61855-pa.
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Rotár-Szalkai, Á., I. Eper-Pápai, and Gy Mentes. "Well level data analysis in Hungary near a fault region." Journal of Geodynamics 41, no. 1-3 (January 2006): 183–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jog.2005.08.002.
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Stamatakis, E., A. Stubos, T. Bjørnstad, and J. Muller. "Calcite scale prediction at the near-well region: A radiotracer approach." EPJ Web of Conferences 50 (2013): 03004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/20135003004.
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Dotlic, Milan, Boris Pokorni, Milenko Pusic, and Milan Dimkic. "Non-linear multi-point flux approximation in the near-well region." Filomat 32, no. 20 (2018): 6857–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/fil1820857d.
Abstract:
We consider non-linear multi-point flux approximations (MPFA) scheme for flow simulations in a model of anisotropic porous medium that includes wells. The hydraulic head varies logarithmically and its gradient changes rapidly in the well vicinity. Due to this strong non-linearity of the near-well flow, use of the MPFA scheme in the near well region results in a completely wrong total well flux and an inaccurate hydraulic head distribution. In this article we propose correction of the MPFA scheme. The outcome is a scheme that is second-order accurate even in the well vicinity for anisotropic medium. Solution obtained with this scheme respects minimum and maximum principle, and also, it is non-oscillating.
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Johansen, Thormod E., and Vitaly Khoriakov. "Iterative techniques in modeling of multi-phase flow in advanced wells and the near well region." Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering 58, no. 1-2 (August 2007): 49–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.petrol.2006.11.013.
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Hwang, M. K. "Modeling Nonlinear Interactions Among Near-Well Flow Restrictions in Well-Deliverability Prediction and Simulation." SPE Reservoir Evaluation & Engineering 3, no. 04 (August 1, 2000): 360–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/65407-pa.
Abstract:
Summary This work describes simulation of well productivity reduction due to near-well flow restrictions. The flow restrictions considered include: mechanical skin, partial completion, altered formation due to residual completion fluid or liquid dropout, and non-Darcy flow effects. It addresses two specific issues. The first is how to predict changes in well performance induced by changes in near-well parameters, as needed in history matching and well test analysis. A subset of this issue is how to estimate the impact of using well parameters to simplify simulation models such as partial completion skin and non-Darcy flow skin, instead of using more layers and solving the non-Darcy flow equation. The second issue is how to accurately preserve well productivity in a large grid block, as in the case of well productivity reduced by liquid dropout in a gas condensate reservoir model. To resolve these issues, this work uses direct simulation and heuristic total skin equations developed for one-dimensional and two-dimensional multilayered cases with crossflow. The equation correctly represents the effects of nonlinear interactions among near-well flow restrictions on well productivity, resulting in an effective total skin that is much larger than the conventional linear sum of individual skin components. Numerical examples show the total skin equation can be used to predict well performance and to accurately preserve well productivity in a field-scale gas condensate reservoir model. The latter use of the equation shows a feedback mechanism, wherein the total skin is used to adjust the coarse-grid well productivity. Introduction Accurate well representation is a most challenging task in reservoir simulation. It affects reservoir characterization, history matching, and in turn, the quality of well and reservoir performance simulation. Therefore, well modeling has been intensely researched. However, the task still depends very much on a simulation engineer's subjective judgment. This has several reasons. First, we often do not fully understand complex physical phenomena around a wellbore. Second, we cannot properly keep track of flow paths in the near-well region controlled by wellbore geometry, completion and stimulation practices, and well operations. Third, we do not have an accurate description on formation properties around a wellbore. Fourth, our reservoir simulators and engineering tools used have limitations. Therefore, a simulation engineer goes through a series of trade-off analyses before selecting proper well representation. The simplest way to calculate well deliverability is to use the well performance equation. We consider the pseudo-steady-state (PSS) gas flow. Then, the well deliverability and productivity index (J) can be represented by Eqs. 1 and 2 with pseudo-gas-potential m(p):1 q g = J [ m ( P ￣ R ) − m ( p w f ) ] , ( 1 ) where J = q g { m ( P ￣ R ) − m ( p w f ) } = C k g h { l n ( r e r w ) − 0.75 + S T } , ( 2 ) where h is total formation thickness, kg gas permeability, qg gas flow rate, P￣R average reservoir pressure, pwf flowing bottomhole pressure, rw wellbore radius, re reservoir radius, and C a conversion constant. For oil or water flow, pressure replaces the pseudopotential with proper changes in conversion constant and fluid properties. Eq. 2 relates J to flow potential difference, formation flow capacity (kgh) and near-well flow restrictions represented as the total skin (ST) Eq. 1 is the simplest reservoir simulator. Alternatively, a regular reservoir simulator can be used for well deliverability calculation, solving mass and momentum conservation equations. In this case, the deliverability calculation can be divided into two parts: from deep in reservoir to the near-well region, and from the near-well region into a wellbore. The well representation is more concerned with the second part. The corresponding flow equation is called the well equation. A typical well equation for a vertical well is given as2 q g = I W ( k r g ρ g / μ g ) [ m ( p r e f ) − m ( p w f ) ] , ( 3 ) I w = k Δ z / [ l n ( r r e f / r w ) + S ] , ( 4 ) where Iw is the well index, and rref the radial distance to the center of the first grid in a radial grid (or Peaceman's radius in a rectangular grid) where rref is defined. The well performance equation, Eq. 1, deals with the whole reservoir. Its parameters capture the effect of all well and reservoir properties distributed over the reservoir. Meanwhile, the well equation, Eq. 3, deals only with the fluid flow around a wellbore. Its parameters reflect the corresponding local properties. Thus, it is difficult to directly relate Eq. 3 to the well deliverability of Eq. 1. A good example is skin, the dimensionless pressure drop at the well-reservoir interface (sandface). The total skin in Eq. 2 represents the total pressure drop due to all flow restrictions in the near-well region, while the skin in Eq. 3 deals only with the pressure drop at the sandface caused by wellbore damage (mechanical skin). However, Eq. 1 and the reservoir simulator using Eq. 3 should give the same deliverability for the same reservoir. Near-Well Flow Restrictions. The near-well flow restrictions control well deliverability. The accuracy of the computed well deliverability depends on how the flow restrictions are represented. Those near-well flow restrictions are often called skin effects. There are several kinds of skin effects, and they are fluid-dynamically interacting with each other.
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Mott, R. E., A. S. Cable, and M. C. Spearing. "Measurements of Relative Permeabilities for Calculating Gas-Condensate Well Deliverability." SPE Reservoir Evaluation & Engineering 3, no. 06 (December 1, 2000): 473–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/68050-pa.
Abstract:
Summary Well deliverability in many gas-condensate reservoirs is reduced by condensate banking when the bottomhole pressure falls below the dewpoint, although the impact of condensate banking may be reduced due to improved mobility at high capillary number in the near-well region. This paper presents the results of relative permeability measurements on a sandstone core from a North Sea gas-condensate reservoir, at velocities that are typical of the near-well region. The results show a clear increase in mobility with capillary number, and the paper describes how the data can be modeled with empirical correlations which can be used in reservoir simulators. Introduction Well deliverability is an important issue in the development of many gas-condensate reservoirs, especially where permeability is low. When the well bottomhole flowing pressure falls below the dewpoint, condensate liquid may build up around the wellbore, causing a reduction in gas permeability and well productivity. In extreme cases the liquid saturation may reach values as high as 50 or 60% and the well deliverability may be reduced by up to an order of magnitude. The loss in productivity due to this "condensate banking" effect may be significant, even in very lean gas-condensate reservoirs. For example, in the Arun reservoir,1 the productivity reduced by a factor of about 2 as the pressure fell below the dewpoint, even though the reservoir fluid was very lean with a maximum liquid drop out of only 1% away from the well. Most of the pressure drop from condensate blockage occurs within a few feet of the wellbore, where velocities are very high. There is a growing body of evidence from laboratory coreflood experiments to suggest that gas-condensate relative permeabilities increase at high velocities, and that these changes can be correlated against the capillary number.2–8 The capillary number is a dimensionless number that measures the relative strength of viscous and capillary forces. There are several gas-condensate fields where simulation with conventional relative permeability models has been found to underestimate well productivity.1,9,10 To obtain a good match between simulation results and well-test data, it was necessary to increase the mobility in the near-well region, either empirically or through a model of the increase in relative permeability at high velocity. This effect can increase well productivity significantly, and in some cases may eliminate most of the effect of condensate blockage. Experimental Data Requirements Fevang and Whitson11 have shown that the key parameter in determining well deliverability is the relationship between krg and the ratio krg/ kro. When high-velocity effects are significant, the most important information is the variation of krg with krg/k ro and the capillary number Nc. The relevant values of krg/kro are determined by the pressure/volume/temperature (PVT) properties of the reservoir fluids, but typical values might be 10 to 100 for lean condensates, 1 to 10 for rich condensates, and 0.1 to 10 for near-critical fluids. There are various ways of defining the capillary number, but in this paper we use the definition (1)Nc=vgμgσ, so that the capillary number is proportional to the gas velocity and inversely proportional to interfacial tension (IFT). The capillary numbers that are relevant for well deliverability depend on the flow rate, fluid type, and well bottomhole pressure, but as a general rule, values between 10?6 and 10?3 are most important. Experimental Methods In a gas-condensate reservoir, there are important differences between the flow regimes in the regions close to and far from the well. These different flow regimes are reflected in the requirements for relative permeability data for the deep reservoir and near-well regions. Far from the well, velocities are low, and liquid mobility is usually less important, except in reservoirs containing very rich fluids. In the near-well region, both liquid and gas phases are mobile, velocities are high, and the liquid mobility is important because of its effect on the relationship between krg and krg/kro. Depletion Method. Relative permeabilities for the deep reservoir region are often measured in a coreflood experiment, where the fluids in the core are obtained by a constant volume depletion (CVD) on a reservoir fluid sample. Relative permeabilities are measured at decreasing pressures from the fluid dewpoint, and increasing liquid saturation. In this type of experiment, the liquid saturation cannot exceed the critical condensate saturation or the maximum value in a CVD experiment, so that it is not possible to acquire data at the high liquid saturations that occur in the reservoir near to the well. The "depletion" experiment provides relative permeability data that are relevant to the deep reservoir, but there can be problems in interpreting the results due to the effects of IFT. Changes in liquid saturation are achieved by reducing pressure, which results in a change of IFT. The increase in IFT as pressure falls may cause a large reduction in mobility, and Chen et al.12 describe an example where the condensate liquid relative permeability decreases with increasing liquid saturation. Steady-State Method. The steady-state technique can be used to measure relative permeabilities at the higher liquid saturations that occur in the near-well region. Liquid and gas can be injected into the core from separate vessels, allowing relative permeabilities to be measured for a wide range of saturations. Results of gas-condensate relative permeabilities measured by this technique have been reported by Henderson et al.2,6 and Chen et al.12 .
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Stamatakis, Emmanuel, Are Haugan, C. Chatzichristos, Athanassios K. Stubos, Jiri Muller, Oyvind Dugstad, and Ioannis Palyvos. "Study of Calcium Carbonate Precipitation in the Near-Well Region Using 47Ca as Tracer." SPE Production & Operations 21, no. 01 (February 1, 2006): 33–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/87436-pa.
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Zhang, Ji, and Huilin Xing. "Numerical modeling of non-Darcy flow in near-well region of a geothermal reservoir." Geothermics 42 (April 2012): 78–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2011.11.002.
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Abobaker, Ekhwaiter E. R., Abadelhalim Elsanoose, Faisal Khan, Mohammad Azizur Rahman, Amer Aborig, Khalid Noah, and Stephen Butt. "A new assessment of perforation skin factor for vertical perforated wells in near-wellbore region." Journal of Petroleum Exploration and Production Technology 12, no. 1 (October 25, 2021): 117–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13202-021-01326-8.
Abstract:
AbstractThe perforating technique is one of the well completion methods and a final stage that helps connect reservoir formation to wellbore during hydrocarbon production. The present work aimed to determine the effect of the perforated casing completion on the pressure gradient and perforation skin factor in the vertical near-wellbore region. This work presented a novel experimental approach for studying the effect of perforation parameters on hydrocarbon production by creating a prototype representing the near-wellbore region. The study conducted extensive laboratory testing to create two prototype artificial samples for a cylindrical near-wellbore region, open hole, and perforated casing sample. An experimental test was carried out using a geotechnical radial flow setup to measure the differential pressure in the two samples; the single-phase (water) was radially injected into the core sample within the same flow boundary conditions. Numerical simulation and statistical analysis were used to expand the investigation of the effect of the dimensions and distribution of perforations on the perforation skin factor and the pressure gradient in the cylindrical near-wellbore region. The results showed a clear view of the effect of the perforations’ parameters on the pressure gradient in the vertical near-wellbore region. In addition, two novel correlations were produced from statistical analysis that simplified the estimation of the perforation skin factor in the perforated casing completion. This study will help to clarify and understand the effect of perforation parameters on well productivity.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Near well region":
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Morales, Stephanie Ruíz, and Stephanie Ruíz Morales. "Support Group at the Border: A Pilot Social Support Program for the Well-Being of Mexican Immigrant Women Residing Near the Southern U.S.-Mexico Border Region." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/624100.
Abstract:
Mexican immigrant women are a vulnerable population group in the U.S., and face challenges as a result of the nation’s anti-immigrant landscape. To help Mexican immigrant women cope with these realities, scholars have proposed the implementation of social support interventions. Yet only two studies have executed social support interventions for immigrant women. Those tailored specifically for Mexican immigrant women are nonexistent. To address this gap, this Master's thesis piloted the first social support intervention for Mexican immigrant women in the U.S. The purpose was to assess the impact of a social support intervention on the perceived social support for Mexican immigrant women. The study (1) surveyed Mexican immigrant women's current perceived social support, (2) investigated whether engaging in a social support intervention could improve Mexican immigrant women's perceived social support, and (3) explored (through the use of a foto novela) the elements (e.g., persons, places) Mexican immigrant women consider to be most important sources of social support in their lives. Surveys were administered pre- and post-intervention assessing perceived social support using three Likert-type scales. At pre-intervention, perceived social support was moderately high. A difference in perceived social support at post-intervention was observed, but without significance. This work adds to the small body of literature on social support interventions for Mexican immigrant women, and has important implications for future interventions and research. This work also documents the use of foto novelas – an innovative tool to engage with (and give a voice to) Mexican immigrant women. Future work should consider the use of foto novelas, as these amplify new understandings of social support, and capture (through the use of photographs) Mexican immigrant women’s own interpretation of social support.
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Buset, Jonathan. "Near infrared optical manipulation of a GaAs/AlGaAs quantum well in the quantum hall regime." Thesis, McGill University, 2008. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=21957.
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Using electronic spin rather than charge to replace existing microelectronic systems has been a well studied area of research in the last ten years. More recently, research has focused on using the nuclear spin of GaAs rather than the electron spin. This work has demonstrated that GaAs nuclear spins have many desirable properties and show great potential as quantum information carriers. The challenge in the implementation of nuclear spins lies in the ability to control and retrieve the information that they carry. One proposed method is to dynamically polarize the GaAs nuclear spins using circularly polarized photoexcitation. If successful, this could open new horizons in the field of quantum information processing. This thesis details an investigation into the use of polarized light to manipulate the properties of a GaAs/AlGaAs quantum well sample. The three main topics explored in this thesis are: 1) the design and operation of a polarization controller that is able to shine well-defined and tunable polarized light on to a sample contained in a cryogenic environment at T = 0.27K; 2) the manipulation of the nuclear polarization in GaAs using low power laser light with tunable polarization; and 3) a preliminary investigation into illuminating a quantum Hall sample with unfocused, low power laser light and the transport properties modifications that occur in the quantum Hall regime.L'utilisation du spin electronique plutot que la charge electronique pour remplacer les systemes microelectroniques a ete un domaine bien etudie de la recherche au cours des dix dernieres annees. Plus recemment, la recherche a porte sur l'utilisation du spin nucleaire du GaAs plutot que le spin electronique. Ce travail a demontre que les spins nucleaires du GaAs ont de nombreuses proprietes desirables et montrent un grand potentiel en tant que transporteurs de l'information quantique. Le defi dans la mise en oeuvre des spins nucleaires reside dans la capacite de controler et de recuperer les informations qu'elles transportent. Une methode proposee consiste a polariser dynamiquement les spins nucleaires du GaAs en utilisant la photoexcitation polarisee circulairement. Ceci pourrait ouvrir de nouveaux horizons dans le domaine du traitement de l'information quantique. Cette these expose en details une enquete sur l'utilisation de la lumiere polarisee pour manipuler les proprietes d'un echantillon puit quantique de GaAs/AlGaAs. Les trois principaux sujets abordes dans cette these sont les suivants: 1) la conception et le fonctionnement d'un controleur de polarisation qui est capable d'emettre une lumiere polarisee bien definie et ajustable sur un echantillon dans un environnement cryogenique a T = 0.27K, 2) la manipulation de la polarisation nucleaire dans le GaAs en utilisant un laser a faible puissance avec une polarisation ajustable, et 3) une enquete preliminaire sur l'illumination d'un echantillon de Hall quantique avec un laser non-focalise a faible puissance et les modifications des proprietes de transport qui se produisent dans le regime de Hall quantique.
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Randi, Aurélien. "Modélisation expérimentale de l’injection de solutions enrichies en CO₂ dans un doublet géothermique. Étude des impacts géochimiques en proche puits." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021LORR0087.
Abstract:
Les travaux réalisés s’inscrivent dans le cadre de l’étude de faisabilité d’un concept hybride couplant l’exploitation d’énergie géothermique et le stockage géologique de CO2 sous forme dissoute. Ils visent à i) quantifier et simuler l’impact hydrodynamique et géochimique de l’injection dans une roche carbonatée de la solution enrichie en CO2 et ii) déterminer le comportement des matériaux constituant le puits d’injection (ciment, casing acier) afin de s’assurer de la sécurisation de l’injection. Le développement d’un dispositif expérimental innovant appelé MIRAGES-2 a permis de reproduire à l’échelle du laboratoire l’injection "radiale" d’une solution saturée en CO2 dans un puits miniature scellé dans un échantillon de roche dans les conditions de pression et de température attendues dans le réservoir géothermique. Ce banc est composé d’un dispositif amont de solubilisation du CO2 dans l’eau de formation et d’un dispositif aval simulant l’injection dans le modèle réduit de puits. En plus des contrôles éprouvés de la pression et de la température, des outils originaux (sonde Raman HP/HT, sonde pH HP/HT, débitmètre) permettant l'acquisition in situ de données physico-chimiques au cours des expériences (concentrations des différentes espèces en solution, pH, débit) ont été intégrés et validés. Enfin, une méthode de traitement d’images acquises sur les échantillons post-expérimentaux par la technique de micro-tomographie aux rayons X a permis une reconstruction 3D de l’architecture du réseau poreux mésoscopiques. Ce protocole expérimental a alors permis le suivi de l’évolution physico-chimique : des différentes interfaces ciment/acier, ciment/réservoir ; de la région proche-puits du réservoir ; du fluide injecté. Une série de 7 expériences a été réalisée afin d’étudier les effets des durées d’injection (12h, 24h, 2.5j, 10j, 21j), de la salinité de la solution injectée et de l’orientation du puits d’injection par rapport à la stratification de la roche. Les expériences ont permis de montrer le développement et la propagation, à partir du point d’injection, d’une dissolution non-uniforme de la roche carbonatée sous forme de chemins préférentiels appelés « wormholes » et dont la densité tend à décroître globalement après le perçage de la carotte. Malgré la prédominance de ce phénomène localisé, une évolution des caractéristiques pétrophysiques de la roche dans des régions éloignées des wormholes a été observée. Suite au renouvèlement continu de la solution acidifiée, une dissolution uniforme en partie haute de puits a été mise en évidence. L’analyse de la rugosité de surface des wormholes couplée à des observations microscopiques a montré la présence de précipitations de calcite qui conduisent à la fermeture de wormholes secondaires. L’étude du vieillissement du ciment au contact de la solution réactive montre qu’il est à l’origine de déséquilibres chimiques localisés. Les valeurs de concentration en magnésium, inhibiteur de la précipitation de la calcite et principalement liées à l’altération du ciment gouvernent les états locaux de saturation de la solution interstitielle vis-à-vis de la calcite. Elles seraient donc à l’origine des précipitations observées dans un milieu pourtant principalement sous-saturé vis-à-vis de la calcite. Les expériences ont également démontré le rôle important de la salinité de la solution injectée qui permet de dissoudre jusqu’à cinq fois plus la roche encaissante qu’une solution d’eau douce. Enfin, une étude structurale multi-échelle a été menée et a établi la relation étroite entre la distribution des défauts structuraux générés par la tectonique régionale et l’orientation des réseaux de dissolution observés dans nos expériences. Ces résultats affinent l’analyse et l’évaluation des impacts et des risques environnementaux dans le contexte du projet étudié. Ils permettent de définir le rôle des discontinuités présentes dans la roche et leur contrôle sur les chemins de dissolution à l’échelle [...]This work was conducted in the framework of the technical assessment of a novel Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) concept integrating aqueous dissolution of CO2 and injection via a geothermal doublet. This study focuses on i) the quantification and modelling of the hydrodynamic and geochemical impact induced by the injection of a CO2-laden solution in a reservoir rock and ii) the evaluation of long term integrity of the well materials (cement, steel casing) in order to ensure a safe injection protocol. A dedicated experimental device named MIRAGES.2 was developed to mimic, at the lab scale, the continuous radial injection of a CO2-enriched solution under realistic conditions of a geological reservoir. The miniature well consists in a steel tube that is cemented to the core plug with a class G Portland cement. The test bench is divided in two parts: the first one is devoted to the CO2-solution mixing process, and the second one enables to perform the injection of the solution in the core-plug. In addition, the implementation of original in situ measurement techniques (in-situ HP/HT Raman and pH probes, flowmeter) was carried out in order to ensure optimal acquisition of physical and chemical data (pressure, temperature, pH, concentrations of different species in solution...) during the experiments. A method of image processing acquired on post-experimental samples by X-ray micro-tomography has been developed. This technique revealed the 3D architecture of the mesoscopic porous network. This experimental protocol revealed the physicochemical evolution of: the different interfaces between cement and steel, and between cement and reservoir ; the near-well region of the reservoir ; The injected fluid. A set of 7 experiments was performed. The injection duration (12 h, 24 h, 2.5 d, 10 d and 21 d), the fluid salinity and the core drilling inclination with respect to the bedding were investigated. The experiments demonstrate the non-uniform propagation of the acidic solution from the injection point in the form of preferential pathways called « wormholes ». Once a single wormhole breaks through the core-plug, all the other competing wormholes stop growing and their density tend to decrease as the solution is injected. Despite a predominant localized phenomenon, changes in petrophysical properties of the rock in regions far from the wormholes was observed. Following the continuous renewal of the acidic solution, a uniform dissolution in the upper part of the injection well was also highlighted. Roughness surface measurements coupled with microscopic observations have revealed the presence of calcite precipitation which induces the clogging of secondary wormholes. Cement ageing in contact with the reactive solution induces localized chemical imbalances. Changes in magnesium concentration, inhibitor of calcite precipitation, released during cement alteration, govern the local calcite saturation states of the interstitial solution. These phenomena could explain the observed precipitation in a medium mainly undersaturated with respect to the calcite. The experiments also demonstrated the important role of the salinity of the injected solution, which dissolves up to five times more host rock than a freshwater solution. Finally, a multi-scale structural study was carried out and established the close relationship between the distribution of structural defects generated by regional tectonics and the orientation of the dissolution networks observed in our experiments. These results refine the analysis and assessment of environmental impacts and risks in the context of the CO2 injection in a geothermal doublet. They demonstrate the discontinuities present in the rock control the dissolution paths at the reservoir scale
Books on the topic "Near well region":
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Traviglia, Arianna, Lucio Milano, Cristina Tonghini, and Riccardo Giovanelli. Stolen Heritage Multidisciplinary Perspectives on Illicit Trafficking of Cultural Heritage in the EU and the MENA Region. Venice: Fondazione Università Ca’ Foscari, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30687/978-88-6969-517-9.
Abstract:
It is a well-known fact that organized crime has developed into an international network that, spanning from the simple ‘grave diggers’ up to powerful and wealthy white-collar professionals, makes use of money laundering, fraud and forgery. This criminal chain, ultimately, damages and dissipates our cultural identity and, in some cases, even fosters terrorism or civil unrest through the illicit trafficking of cultural property.The forms of ‘possession’ of Cultural Heritage are often blurred; depending on the national legislation of reference, the ownership and trade of historical and artistic assets of value may be legitimate or not. Criminals have always exploited these ambiguities and managed to place on the Art and Antiquities market items resulting from destruction or looting of museums, monuments and archaeological areas. Thus, over the years, even the most renowned museum institutions have - more or less consciously - hosted in their showcases cultural objects of illicit origin. Looting, thefts, illicit trade, and clandestine exports are phenomena that affect especially those countries rich in historical and artistic assets. That includes Italy, which has seen its cultural heritage plundered over the centuries ending up in public and private collections worldwide.This edited volume features ten papers authored by international experts and professionals actively involved in Cultural Heritage protection. Drawing from the experience of the Conference Stolen Heritage (Venice, December 2019), held in the framework of the NETCHER project, the book focuses on illicit trafficking in Cultural Property under a multidisciplinary perspective.The articles look at this serious issue and at connected crimes delving into a variety of fields. The essays especially expand on European legislation regulating import, export, trade and restitution of cultural objects; conflict antiquities and cultural heritage at risk in the Near and Middle East; looting activities and illicit excavations in Italy; the use of technologies to counter looting practices.The volume closes with two papers specifically dedicated to the thorny ethical issues arising from the publication of unprovenanced archaeological objects, and the relevance of accurate communication and openness about such topics.
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McCrie, Niven, and Richard Noske. Birds of the Darwin Region. CSIRO Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9781486300358.
Abstract:
Birds of the Darwin Region is the first comprehensive treatment of the avifauna of Darwin, a city located in Australia's monsoon tropics, where seasons are defined by rainfall rather than by temperature. With its mangrove-lined bays and creeks, tidal mudflats, monsoon rainforests, savanna woodlands and freshwater lagoons, Darwin has retained all of its original habitats in near-pristine condition, and is home or host to 323 bird species. Unlike other Australian cities, it has no established exotic bird species.
Following an introduction to the history of ornithology in the region and a detailed appraisal of its avifauna, species accounts describe the habitats, relative abundance, behaviour, ecology and breeding season of 258 regularly occurring species, based on over 500 fully referenced sources, and original observations by the authors. Distribution maps and charts of the seasonality of each species are presented, based on a dataset comprising almost 120,000 records, one-third of which were contributed by the authors. Stunning colour photographs adorn the accounts of most species, including some of the 65 species considered as vagrants to the region.
This book is a must-read for professional ornithologists and amateur birders, and an indispensable reference for local biologists, teachers and students, and government and non-government environmental agencies, as well as other people who just like to watch birds.
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Ehrlich, Michael. The Islamization of the Holy Land, 634–1800. Bloomsbury Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781641899673.
Abstract:
From the seventh century onwards the population of the Near East gradually became Muslim. Nevertheless, other religious communities continued to exist, maintaining an enduring presence in the region, despite being surrounded by Muslims and by people becoming Muslims. This book argues that the causes that led to the conversion of most of the Holy Land’s population, as well as the survival of some religious communities, are essentially social and geographic in nature, rather than theological, and that two parallel processes were the main catalysts of Islamization: de-urbanization and urbanization.
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Cordesman, Anthony H., Center for Strategic, and International Studies. Saudi Arabia. ABC-CLIO, LLC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798216010944.
Abstract:
A thorough examination of the nation of Saudi Arabia, focusing on the current state of affairs and potential future challenges. Saudi Arabia: National Security in a Troubled Region provides a comprehensive, up-to-date analysis of Saudi Arabia's strategic security efforts, both within the country and as a stabilizing regional presence. In this meticulously researched book, acclaimed geopolitical scholar Anthony Cordesman, well-known for his role as ABC News's national security analyst, takes readers inside the Saudi security structure for an unprecedented look at its internal and external forces, policymaking, and careful balancing of regional and East/West relationships. In Saudi Arabia, Anthony Cordesman shows how the Kingdom is responding to an unstable Iraq, a potentially nuclear Iran, the needs of its fellow Southern Gulf states, and the ongoing threat of terrorism inside its borders. Cordesman also considers a number of socioeconomic and demographic factors that could bring dramatic changes within the Kingdom in the near future. Nonpartisan, unbiased, and based on the author's unparalleled access to high profile Saudi officials, the book offers a level of expertise and insight no other consideration of the subject can match.
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Overhaus, Marco. The United States and Regional Security Orders in the Middle East, East Asia, and Europe. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198828945.003.0012.
Abstract:
The USA is still the only power with the capability to have a major impact—for better or for worse—on the security orders in all major geographical regions of the world, most notably the Near/Middle East, East Asia, and Europe. A review of the major dynamics in regional orders shows that seven decades of American hegemony have always been short of the liberal ideal-type expectations—well before Donald Trump entered the scene. However, the Trump administration sees the international and regional security orders primarily as arenas for power competition in which economic and military might are the most relevant currencies. While the erosion of regional security orders is not primarily the result of the deeds and omissions in Washington, the missing liberal hegemon will make it much harder to reverse the trend and to rebuild these orders from within and from the outside.
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Vigne, Jean-Denis. Archaeozoological techniques and protocols for elaborating scenarios of early colonization and Neolithization of Cyprus. Edited by Umberto Albarella, Mauro Rizzetto, Hannah Russ, Kim Vickers, and Sarah Viner-Daniels. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199686476.013.4.
Abstract:
This paper summarizes some of the main results that have been obtained through the archaeozoological study of the large Cypriot Pre-Pottery Neolithic site of Shillourokambos, dated between 8300 and 7000 cal bc. It shows how the presence of the archaeozoologists in the field, as well as an original faunal-based critical approach of the relative chronology of the different phases of occupation of this site, can improve the quality of the archaeozoological contribution to the cultural history of the region. Special attention is also paid to the osteometric study of sexually dimorphic ungulates. The results concern the evolution of the system of exploitation of the animal resources during this important phase of the Near Eastern Neolithic transition. They also evidence the long-distance exchanges between early Neolithic villages and they indirectly document the early history of navigation in the eastern Mediterranean.
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Rajeev, S. G. Boundary Layers. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198805021.003.0007.
Abstract:
It is found experimentally that all the components of fluid velocity (not just thenormal component) vanish at a wall. No matter how small the viscosity, the large velocity gradients near a wall invalidate Euler’s equations. Prandtl proposed that viscosity has negligible effect except near a thin region near a wall. Prandtl’s equations simplify the Navier-Stokes equation in this boundary layer, by ignoring one dimension. They have an unusual scale invariance in which the distances along the boundary and perpendicular to it have different dimensions. Using this symmetry, Blasius reduced Prandtl’s equations to one dimension. They can then be solved numerically. A convergent analytic approximation was also found by H. Weyl. The drag on a flat plate can now be derived, resolving d’Alembert’s paradox. When the boundary is too long, Prandtl’s theory breaks down: the boundary layer becomes turbulent or separates from the wall.
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Zinsstag, J., E. Schelling, J. Solera, J. M. Blasco, and I. Moriyón. Brucellosis. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198570028.003.0007.
Abstract:
Brucellosis has been successfully controlled and eliminated in a number of countries by effective, well managed vaccination and test-slaughter strategies. Their cost was essentially borne by national governments including the cost of acceptable compensation for culled animals. Brucellosis is, however, endemically persisting in livestock and causing human disease in the Mediterranean region, Africa, the Near East and Central America and is re-emerging as a major preventable disease in countries of the former Soviet Union and Mongolia. There has been significant progress in knowledge of the molecular biology of Brucellosis and with new antibiotics for the treatment of human cases. Significantly more efficacious and safe animal vaccines in terms of reduction of transmission are still lacking. Control strategies that have been successful in Western countries are not directly applicable to low income and transition countries because their national governments do not have the finance to compensate farmers and lack the technical capacity for effective control campaigns. However, new staged control approaches in developing economies are proving effective.
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Marciniak, Arkadiusz, ed. Concluding the Neolithic. Lockwood Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5913/2019833.
Abstract:
The second half of the seventh millennium BC saw the demise of the previously affluent and dynamic Neolithic way of life. The period is marked by significant social and economic transformations of local communities, as manifested in a new spatial organization, patterns of architecture, burial practices, and in chipped stone and pottery manufacture. This volume has three foci. The first concerns the character of these changes in different parts of the Near East with a view to placing them in a broader comparative perspective. The second concerns the social and ideological changes that took place at the end of Neolithic and the beginning of the Chalcolithic that help to explain the disintegration of constitutive principles binding the large centers, the emergence of a new social system, as well as the consequences of this process for the development of full-fledged farming communities in the region and beyond. The third concerns changes in lifeways: subsistence strategies, exploitation of the environment, and, in particular, modes of procurement, consumption, and distribution of different resources.
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Schwartz, Ellen C., ed. The Oxford Handbook of Byzantine Art and Architecture. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190277352.001.0001.
Abstract:
The Oxford Handbook of Byzantine Art and Architecture offers a wide-ranging introduction to the richness and diversity of the arts in the Byzantine world. It includes thirty-eight essays by an international roster of authors, from prominent researchers to emerging scholars, on various issues and media. Discussions consider art created for religious purposes, to enhance and beautify the Orthodox liturgy and worship space, as well as art made to serve in royal and domestic contexts. While the Byzantine period is defined as the years 330–1453 ce, some chapters treat the aftermath and influence of Byzantine art on later periods. Arts covered include buildings and objects from the Eastern Mediterranean region, including Italy, the Balkans, Russia, and the Near East. The volume brings together object-based considerations of themes and monuments that form the backbone of art history, with considerations drawing on many different methodologies—sociology, semiotics, anthropology, archaeology, reception theory, deconstruction theory, among others—all in an up-to-date synthesis of scholarship on Byzantine art and architecture. The handbook is a comprehensive overview of a rich field of study, offering a window into the world of this distinct and fascinating period of art.
Book chapters on the topic "Near well region":
1
Nagl, Nathalie, Philipp Steinleitner, Maciej Kowalczyk, Jinwei Zhang, Vladimir Pervak, Christina Hofer, Aleksander Głuszek, et al. "Single-Cycle Infrared Waveform Generation and Control." In Springer Proceedings in Physics, 3–12. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-47938-0_1.
Abstract:
AbstractTailoring the electric-field waveform of few-cycle light pulses lays the foundation for controlling nonlinear optical phenomena on their genuine, attosecond time scale. So far, waveform control has been demonstrated mostly in the visible-to-near-infrared spectral region. Extending it to the mid-infrared range will open up new prospects in ultrafast optoelectronics as well as broadband field-resolved spectroscopy. We present a novel approach for shaping few-cycle waveforms, and thereby achieved the first multi-octave synthesis of single-cycle transients in the mid-infrared spectral range, with a continuously adjustable and highly-reproducible electric-field evolution. The concept is generalizable towards the synthesis of a broader variety of infrared waveforms, with a diversity of applications in ultrafast opto-electronics, attosecond metrology and field-resolved mid-infrared sensing.
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Kilichova, Nargiza. "Development Aid in Central Asia: A “Chessboard” for Great Powers?" In Securitization and Democracy in Eurasia, 77–94. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-16659-4_5.
Abstract:
AbstractCentral Asia, once part of the Soviet Union's southern belt, quickly became a focal point for competing interests and donor influence after gaining independence in the early 1990s. Players in this arena include the so-called Western actors such as the European Union (EU) and the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE), as well as major regional powers such as Russia and China. The main objective of the chapter is to examine how and in what ways the domestic rule of law institutions and the contexts of donor and organization development policies differ from each other, and how this gap is translated into rule of law promotion approaches abroad. This question is examined within the realm of externally assisted rule of law reform using the Central Asian region as a case study. To answer this question, this chapter compares rule of law promotion strategies of the EU, the OSCE, Russia, and China by breaking down development policies according to contextual understanding, goals, organization, promotion approaches, and objectives. Based on these comparative analyses, the chapter examines how the EU and the OSCE position themselves in the midst of a fierce struggle between the major regional powers in the still near and yet so distant Central Asia.
3
Braun, Y. A. "Seeing through water: gender, anxiety and livelihoods in large-scale infrastructural development in the era of climate change." In Gender, climate change and livelihoods: vulnerabilities and adaptations, 69–81. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789247053.0006.
Abstract:
Abstract A narrative approach is taken in this chapter to document and analyze the gendered social and socio-environmental consequences of globalized river basin development using water as the lens to understand the depth and breadth of these changes in people's lives. The chapter is based on primary multi-site ethnographic field research conducted in all three active dam areas of Lesotho in 1997 and 2000-2002, as well as ongoing documentary research. Water remains central within Lesotho's national development plans and to the stability of the region even amid changing climate conditions. More locally, as water becomes more precarious within the lives of highlands residents living near the Lesotho Highlands Water Project (LHWP), this chapter reveals the multi-layered, complex, embodied experiences of infrastructure policy and its consequences, for the everyday lives and livelihoods of people directly affected by these projects.
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Kramarenko, Vasiliy, Kirill Nikitin, and Yuri Vassilevski. "A Nonlinear Correction FV Scheme for Near-Well Regions." In Springer Proceedings in Mathematics & Statistics, 507–16. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57394-6_53.
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Paparella, Francesco, and John A. Burt. "Climate of the United Arab Emirates: Present, Past and Impacts on Life." In A Natural History of the Emirates, 65–94. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-37397-8_3.
Abstract:
AbstractThe United Arab Emirates (UAE) straddles 22–26 °N, positioning it in a latitudinal band well known across the globe for its desert biomes. The UAE is characterized by arid to hyper-arid conditions, but with marked variation in precipitation seasonally (highest in winter/spring) and across locations (highest near the Hajar mountains), representing a dramatic shift from the more humid conditions that characterized this region just six millennia ago. The low cloud cover, limited vegetation and poorly developed soil also result in extreme and highly variable temperatures across the year, particularly in areas distant from the coasts. Winds are typically dominated by daily land/sea breezes, but occasional brief ‘shamal’ wind events (particularly in late winter) or cyclones (in early summer) can have important implications for temperature, rainfall and biotic responses. Average temperatures have increased by 1 °C between the 1980s and the 2010s, and rainfall has declined by more than half; in addition, wet bulb temperatures associated with human health are increasing, and may exceed life-threatening levels by the end of the century. Today’s climate represents extremely marginal conditions for life, and the current trends suggest that the already vulnerable ecosystems and organisms of the UAE are coming under increasing climate-related pressure.
6
Toal, Gerard. "Why Does Russia Invade Its Neighbors?" In Near Abroad. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190253301.003.0007.
Abstract:
It was supposed to be China’s coming-out party, a moment in the global spotlight affirming its arrival as an economic superpower. But hours before the opening ceremonies of the 2008 Beijing Olympics, news of a war in the Caucasus flashed across the world’s TV screens. On the southern slopes of the Caucasus Mountains, the state of Georgia launched a military offensive against South Ossetia, a small breakaway territory beyond its control since the Soviet collapse. Georgia’s offensive quickly brought Russia to the defense of its local Ossetian allies. As Soviet-era tanks rolled through the Roki tunnel, the only land connection between South Ossetia and Russia, Russian aircraft bombed Georgian targets in the region and beyond. For the first time since the Cold War ended, Russia was invading a neighboring state. Instead of glowing stories about China, speculation about a new Cold War filled the front pages of the Western press. Yet within a week the war was over and a ceasefire agreed. Thereafter a rapidly moving global financial crisis displaced what seemed a harbinger of geopolitical rupture to an afterthought. As quickly as it had flared, the Russo-Georgian war disappeared, and with it talk of a return to geopolitics past. Six years later Russia was in the global spotlight as host of the XXII Olympic Winter Games in Sochi, located on the shores of the Black Sea at the western end of the Caucasus Mountains. Despite well-grounded fears of terrorism, the Olympics were a triumph for Russia and its leadership. Yet a few days later, the world recoiled in shock as Russia once again invaded a neighboring state. Responding to a perceived “fascist coup” in Kyiv, unmarked Russian military personnel seized control of the Ukrainian province of Crimea, once part of Soviet Russia and home to Russia’s Black Sea Fleet. A hastily organized referendum followed, creating the appearance of legitimacy for Russia to formally annex the province, and the city of Sevastopol, in late March 2014.
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Hallote, Rachel. "The Southern Levant and the Ancient Near Eastern Canon." In Testing the Canon of Ancient Near Eastern Art and Archaeology, 45–65. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190673161.003.0002.
Abstract:
When the artistic canon of the Southern Levant coalesced in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, scholars thought of the region, then Ottoman Palestine, as the locus of the Bible. The small-scale nature of the archaeological finds as well as their relative dearth reinforced a reliance on biblical narratives as a framework for understanding the culture of the region. Moreover, early scholarship did not recognize the complex regionalism of the Southern Levant or the diversity of its populations. Consequently, the artistic canon that developed did not represent the historical and archaeological realities of the region. This chapter examines the history of how the artistic canon of the Southern Levant formed over the past century of scholarship, why various scholars of the early and middle twentieth century included particular items in the canon, and why these now entrenched representations may or may not be helpful to the discipline’s future.
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Mankoff, Jeffrey. "Russia’s Near Abroad and the Geopolitics of Empire." In Empires of Eurasia, 60–80. Yale University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.12987/yale/9780300248258.003.0004.
Abstract:
The South Caucasus and Central Asia remained on the periphery of both the Russian Empire and the Soviet Union. The Soviet collapse left a vacuum in the South Caucasus and Central Asia that other powers sought to fill. Today, Moscow seeks to maintain the South Caucasus and Central Asia as a buffer zone against what it views as threats to its own security, ranging from drug trafficking to radical Islamists to NATO. Putin’s Russia uses a range of tools to project influence in the region, including manipulation of conflicts on its neighbors’ territory, control of infrastructure and media outlets, as well as, occasionally, military force. It also promotes schemes for regional integration like the Eurasian Economic Union to limit or slow the South Caucasus and Central Asian states’ drift out of Russia’s sphere of influence.
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Tolstoy, Leo. "34." In War and Peace. Oxford University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/owc/9780199232765.003.0233.
Abstract:
Napoleon’s generals—Davout, Ney, and Murat, who were near the region of fire and sometimes even entered it—repeatedly led into it huge masses of well-ordered troops. But contrary to what had always happened in their former battles, instead of the news they expected of the...
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Arthur, John W. "The Near East and East Asia." In Beer, 49–78. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197579800.003.0003.
Abstract:
Chapter 3 begins an in-depth geographical journey exploring the relationship between people and beer in Southwest Asia, currently considered the region where the world’s first brewing took place. Southwest Asia beer documents for the first time new types of technologies that may have been associated with distinct rituals well before the advent of grain domestication. Ancient beer research has now changed our perceptions of when, why, how, and where beer was first brewed. This chapter highlights the earliest beer discovered from Raqefet Cave, Israel, followed with later Southwest Asian sites containing the earliest monumental architecture associated with rituals and decorative stone bowls possibly used for beer production. The chapter discusses the site of Jiahu, where beer first appeared in China and was associated with a rich symbolic context. It next outlines the archaeological evidence as to whether beer may have been invented before bread and how beer led to the development of the Mesopotamian state society. The chapter concludes with the ritual use of beer among the contemporary Ainu of Japan.
Conference papers on the topic "Near well region":
1
Durlofsky, L. J., W. J. Milliken, and A. Bernath. "Scale Up in the Near-Well Region." In SPE Reservoir Simulation Symposium. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/51940-ms.
2
Egberts, P. J. P., R. Nair, and A. Twerda. "Salt Precipitation in the Near Well Bore Region of Gas Wells." In SPE International Conference and Exhibition on Formation Damage Control. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/189541-ms.
3
Lu, J., A. Filippov, and V. Khoriakov. "Thermal Near-well Region Reservoir Simulation Solution for Wellbore Simulations." In ECMOR XV - 15th European Conference on the Mathematics of Oil Recovery. Netherlands: EAGE Publications BV, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201601862.
4
Ding, Y. "Permeability Upscaling on Corner-Point Geometry in the Near-Well Region." In Middle East Oil Show. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/81431-ms.
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Livescu, Silviu, and Birol Dindoruk. "Coupled Well-Reservoir Heat Modelling for Closed-Loop Geothermal Wells - A Feasibility Study." In SPE Improved Oil Recovery Conference. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/209437-ms.
Abstract:
Abstract Naturally occurring hydrocarbon resources have been powering the world since the second half of the nineteenth century with increasing proportionality in terms of the energy mix, allowing tremendous economic growth globally. However, another subsurface resource is estimated to hold several orders of magnitude more energy than all hydrocarbon resources. Geothermal energy is renewable, abundant, and has a small carbon footprint, but its current use is geographically sparse and represents only 1% of the global energy production. To scale it up economically to other regions and applications, several critical problems need to be solved. In a recent paper, the effects of several well parameters were studied on the thermal output, assuming steady-state temperature (or successions of steady-state temperature for a given period) in the near-well region. In this paper, the effects of the transient near-well temperature and heat inflow from the formation are studied. The hydrocarbon industry is evaluating the opportunity of producing geothermal energy from existing oil and gas wells, as electricity and/or low-temperature waste heat. This can potentially yield significant advantages over traditional geothermal wells, especially in terms of reduced capital expenditure. For instance, the performance of geothermal wells, both injectors and producers, is limited by formation damage issues, such as drilling fluid invasion, fines migration, plugging, and mineral scaling. The scale composition is dependent on the formation mineralogy, for producing wells, and on the injected water quality, for injecting wells. Addressing these issues over the entire well life may be expensive and difficult to predict. Depending on the assumed boundary conditions and other simplifying assumptions, numerical simulations of coupled well and reservoir heat and mass transport may help predict more accurately the thermal output and longer-term economics. In a previous study, a mathematical model was proposed for closed-loop wells (i.e., U-shaped wells, single pipes in wells, and concentric pipes in wells) to study the effect of several well parameters on the thermal output. The focus on that study was on repurposing existing hydrocarbon wells to geothermal wells. The time- and space-dependent temperature solutions for all well configurations were obtained for time- and space-dependent fluid and flow properties. The near-well temperature was considered as steady-state, at least for a given time frame. A sensitivity study was also performed, showing the effects of several well parameters on the temperature of the fluid flowing to surface. Sensitivity results were included for such parameters as fluid flow rate, well length, inner tubing and annulus diameters, geothermal temperature, and overall heat transfer coefficients. The learnings and outcome from that study can also be incorporated in terms of adding wellbore lift models in various reservoir models. In this study, the effect of the transient temperature in the near-well region is considered and a sensitivity study is performed. Coupled well and reservoir heat and flow modelling for geothermal systems is important for accurately evaluating their thermal output and economics. A previously developed thermal well model assuming steady-state temperature in the near-well region is extended to account for transient drawdown. Based on the recent interest in the scientific literature in this topic, this study evaluates the effects of the heat conduction in the near-well region and the heat transfer from the near-well region to the well for different well configurations and geometries.
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Heritage, J. P., A. Von Lehmen, J. E. Zucker, and D. S. Chemla. "Nonlinear optics near the band edge in multiple-quantum-well structures." In OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1987.mr2.
Abstract:
We have investigated the optical properties of GaAs quantum wells in the spectral region below the band edge using a two-wavelength picosecond optical pulse technique. Optical pumping in the transparent region produces modulation of the excitonic absorption which is probed with an optical pulse tuned to the excitonic absorption. We identify two distinct physical mechanisms that lead to the absorption modulation. First, a real population of carriers is produced by phonon-assisted absorption. These carriers bleach the excitonic transition by the action of the exclusion principle. The second mechanism involves virtual populations induced by the off-resonant optical excitation.
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Stamatakis, E., A. Haugan, C. Chatzichristos, A. Stubos, J. Muller, and Ø. Dugstad. "Study of Calcium Carbonate Precipitation in the Near-Well Region Using 47Ca2+ as Tracer." In SPE International Symposium on Oilfield Scale. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/87436-ms.
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Zeidani, K., M. Polikar, H. Huang, and J. Boyd. "Heavy Oil-in-Water Emulsion as a Novel Sealant in the Near Well Bore Region." In Canadian International Petroleum Conference. Petroleum Society of Canada, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/2007-183.
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Ignatenko, Yaroslav, Andrey Gavrilov, and Oleg Bocharov. "Helical Flow of Drilling Mud With Cuttings in a Vertical Well." In ASME 2021 40th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2021-62699.
Abstract:
Abstract The paper presents the results of an investigation into drilling mud flow with cuttings in a vertical well. The drilling mud rheology was described with the Herschel-Bulkley model. The axial Reynolds number was around 1000, the flow regime changing together with drill pipe RPM. The investigation covered the flow’s structures, integral parameters and cuttings transport in relation to drill pipe RPM and rate of penetration (ROP). In the laminar flow, most of the particles were localized in the quasi-solid region to move together with the last; the integral parameters had little dependence on drill pipe RPM increase. Increasing drill pipe RPM resulted in formation of the Görtler vortices near the channel’s external and internal walls, whose interaction led to the formation of smaller eddies converting the flow into a turbulent one. Due to the turbulence dispersion, the region taken by the particles widened. Particles suppress the vortex intensity near the channel’s external wall. Under the conditions described, increasing drill pipe RPM and ROP resulted in higher pressure drops and lower transport efficiency.
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Li, Danyu, Timothy B. Morgan, Luke D. Pulfer, and Theodore J. Heindel. "Visualizing Near-Field Spray Characteristics With Broadband X-Rays." In ASME 2017 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2017-69088.
Abstract:
Liquid sprays play a key role in many engineering processes (e.g., food processing, coating and painting, 3D printing, fire suppression, agricultural production, combustion systems, etc.). Spray characteristics can easily be assessed in the mid- and far-field regions, well after liquid sheet breakup and droplet formation, using various optical/laser diagnostic techniques. The conditions in the near-field region, near the spray nozzle exit, can influence mid- and far-field characteristics; however, near-field measurements are extremely challenging because the spray in this region is typically optically dense and optical/laser diagnostics are ineffective in this region. This study presents the advantages and challenges of using broadband X-rays to characterize the near-field region of a spray. A generic spiral jet hollow cone spray nozzle is used to demonstrate near-field spray imaging for three different flow conditions. Radiographic movies of the spray show a very dynamic near-field region. X-ray computed tomography (CT) reconstructions of the spray display a 3D map of the time-average spray distribution. The two X-ray imaging modes provide qualitative information of the near-field spray region. A discussion of the quantitative measures that can be acquired from X-ray radiographs and CT images is provided.
Reports on the topic "Near well region":
1
Dafoe, L. T., K. J. DesRoches, and G. L. Williams. A structural and stratigraphic framework for the western Davis Strait region. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/321831.
Abstract:
Western Davis Strait lies within the Labrador-Baffin Seaway rift system, which began forming in the Early Cretaceous as Greenland separated from North America. At chron C27n (Danian), regional seafloor spreading began, as well as significant magmatism. The opening direction changed from southeast-northwest to more north-south in the Thanetian-Ypresian between chrons C25n and C24n, resulting in significant strike-slip motion through the Davis Strait region until seafloor spreading ended at chron C13, near the Eocene-Oligocene boundary. This tectonism has influenced the stratigraphy preserved in basins within western Davis Strait, including confirmed Cretaceous successions in the Lady Franklin Basin and Cumberland Sound; however, regional overprinting of Paleocene-Eocene volcanic rocks obscures pre-rift basement and possible older strata over much of the region. Three industry wells and several seabed samples of bedrock help constrain the stratigraphic distribution of Cretaceous and Cenozoic strata based on the lithostratigraphy of the well sampled Labrador margin.
2
Lamontagne, M. Macroseismic information for the 1935 moment magnitude 6.1 earthquake, near Témiscamingue, Quebec. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/329136.
Abstract:
The November 1st, 1935, Témiscaming earthquake occurred within 20 km of the town of Témiscaming, Quebec. This earthquake was felt west to Fort William (now part of Thunder Bay), Ontario, east to Saint John, New Brunswick, and south to Kentucky and Virginia. Damaged chimneys were reported in Témiscaming, Quebec, and North Bay and Mattawa, Ontario. In the epicentral region, rockfalls were observed as well as cracks in gravel and sand along the shores of islands and lakes. Some 350 km away from the epicentre, near Parent, Quebec, earthquake vibrations triggered a 30 metre slide of railroad embankment. Numerous aftershocks were felt in Témiscaming and Kipawa during the following months, the largest rated as magnitude ML 5.4 (or mN 4.9). For the main shock and its largest aftershock, this Open File Report provides the available macroseismic information interpreted on the Modified Mercalli Intensity Scale using newspaper accounts as the main source of information for Canada. Macroseismic information from total of 126 localities in Canada and nearly 900 communities in the US (from the NOAA database of intensities) are tabulated in a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet. When available, newspaper clippings are included, together with some original damage accounts, photographs and scientific reports. The Open File also includes a Google Earth kmz file that allows the felt information reports to be viewed in a spatial tool.
3
Paterson, Andrew H., Yehoshua Saranga, and Dan Yakir. Improving Productivity of Cotton (Gossypsum spp.) in Arid Region Agriculture: An Integrated Physiological/Genetic Approach. United States Department of Agriculture, December 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1999.7573066.bard.
Abstract:
Objectives: We seek to establish the basis for improving cotton productivity under arid conditions, by studying the water use efficiency - evaporative cooling interrelationship. Specifically, we will test the hypothesis that cotton productivity under arid conditions can be improved by combining high seasonal WUE with efficient evaporative cooling, evaluate whether high WUE and/or evaporative cooling are based on specific physiological factors such as diurnal flexibility in stomatal conductance, stomatal density, photosynthetic capacity, chlorophyll fluorescence, and plant water status. Genes influencing both WUE and evaporative cooling, as well as other parameters such as economic products (lint yield, quality, harvest index) of cotton will also be mapped, in order to evaluate influences of water relations on these parameters. Approach: Carbon isotope ratio will be used to evaluate WUE, accompanied by additional parameters to elucidate the relationship between WUE, evaporative cooling, and cotton productivity. A detailed RFLP map will be used to determine the number, location, and phenotypic effects of genes underlying genetic variation in WUE between cultivated cottons, as well as test associations of these genes with traits of economic importance such as harvest index, lint yield, and lint quality. Major Conclusions: Productivity and quality of cotton grown under well-watered versus water-limited conditions was shown to be partly accounted for by different quantitative trait loci (QTLs). Among a suite of physiological traits often found to differ between genotypes adapted to arid versus well-watered conditions, genetic mapping implicated only reduced plant osmotic potential in improved cotton productivity under arid conditions. Our findings clearly implicate OP as a major component of cotton adaptation to arid conditions. However, testing of further physiological hypotheses is clearly needed to account for additional QTL alleles conferring higher seed-cotton yield under arid conditions, such as three of the five we found. Near-isogenic lines being made for QTLs discovered herein will offer a powerful new tool useful toward identification of the underlying gene(s) by using fine-scale mapping approaches (Paterson et al 1990). Implications: Adaptation to both arid and favorable conditions can be combined into the same genotype. We have identified diagnostic DNA markers that are being applied to creation of such desirable genotypes. Simultaneous improvement of productivity (and/or quality) for both arid and irrigated conditions will require more extensive field testing and the manipulation of larger numbers of genes, reducing the expected rate of genetic gain These difficulties may be at least partly ameliorated by efficiencies gained through identification and use of diagnostic DNA markers. Genomic tools and approaches may expedite adaptation of crops to arid cultivation, help to test roles of additional physiological factors, and guide the isolation of the underlying genes that protect crop performance under arid conditions.
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Keen, C. E., K. Dickie, L. T. Dafoe, T. Funck, J. K. Welford, S A Dehler, U. Gregersen, and K J DesRoches. Rifting and evolution of the Labrador-Baffin Seaway. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/321854.
Abstract:
The evolution of the 2000 km long Mesozoic rift system underlying the Labrador-Baffin Seaway is described, with emphasis on results from geophysical data sets, which provide the timing, sediment thickness, and crustal structure of the system. The data sets include seismic reflection and refraction, gravity, and magnetic data, with additional constraints provided by near-surface geology and well data. Many features that characterize rift systems globally are displayed, including: wide and narrow rift zones; magma-rich and magma-poor margin segments; exhumation of continental mantle in distal, magma-poor zones; and occurrences of thick basalts, associated with the development of seaward-dipping reflectors, and magmatic underplating. The magma-rich regions were affected by Paleogene volcanism, perhaps associated with a hotspot or plume. Plate reconstructions help elucidate the plate tectonic history and modes of rifting in the region; however, many questions remain unanswered with respect to this rift system.
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Harangozó, Dániel. Serbia and the Russia–Ukraine War: Implications and Challenges II. Külügyi és Külgazdasági Intézet, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.47683/kkielemzesek.ke-2022.65.
Abstract:
The outbreak of the Russia-Ukraine war in February 2022 has had a marked effect on the Western Balkan region. Among the countries of this region, Serbia is in a unique situation due to its military neutrality, and the fact that it follows a balancing foreign policy between the Western powers on the one hand, and Russia, Turkey, and China on the other hand, also maintaining close political, economic, and security ties with the latter two powers. The second part of the paper continues to review the consequences and challenges of the war on Serbia by examining the energy domain. Russian exposure in Serbia’s energy sector, apart from the near-total reliance on Moscow for gas imports, is compounded by the fact that the most important oil company of the country, Naftna Industrija Srbije (NIS) is majority-owned by Gazprom Group. As with other countries in the Central and Eastern European region as well as wider Europe, the diversification of sources and decreasing the reliance on Russian energy will take considerable time for Serbia. Cooperation both with Serbia’s neighbours and the countries of the region (e.g. Bulgaria and Greece) will play a significant role in the diversification of both sources and supply routes.
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Lamontagne, M. Développement d'un système d'alerte précoce pour les tremblements de terre du Québec. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/328951.
Abstract:
Several regions of the world already have or are in the process of developing an early warning system (EWS) for earthquakes. As is well known, earthquakes cannot be predicted in the short term. However, an EWS is based on the principle that when a strong earthquake occurs, the initial seismic waves detected by seismographs near the epicentre can be quickly analysed. Once analyzed automatically, an alarm signal can be sent to more distant areas before damaging seismic waves arrive. This alert can then be used to take action before the seismic waves arrive (such as stopping industrial activities for example). In Canada, these technologies are being developed for the Pacific region and Eastern Canada. Quebec is particularly interesting because earthquakes of magnitude 5 are felt at great distances, which increases the warning time when an earthquake occurs. Natural Resources Canada (NRCan) will lead this initiative, in partnership with provincial collaborators. The private sector will also be involved through the development of software and applications. NRCan is therefore reaching out to potential partners in such an earthquake warning system.
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Fallas, K. M., and R. B. MacNaughton. Bedrock mapping and stratigraphic studies in the Mackenzie Mountains, Franklin Mountains, Colville Hills, and adjacent areas of the Northwest Territories, Geo-mapping for Energy and Minerals program 2009-2019. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/326093.
Abstract:
The Geo-mapping for Energy and Minerals (GEM) program provided an opportunity to update bedrock geological maps for nearly 92 000 km2 of the northwestern portion of the mainland area of the Northwest Territories. Twenty-four new maps (at the scale of 1:100 000 or 1:250 000) cover a region from the Colville Hills southwestward into the Mackenzie Mountains, including areas of significant mineral and energy resource potential. New mapping was informed by archived Geological Survey of Canada data, notably from Operation Norman (1968-1970), as well as by public-domain industry data. Maps incorporate numerous stratigraphic revisions that postdate Operation Norman, including GEM program innovations affecting Neoproterozoic (specifically Tonian and Ediacaran), Cambrian, and Ordovician units. In this paper, the mapping effort and stratigraphic revisions are documented, a preliminary treatment of structural geology is provided, and related subsurface studies are summarized. Following GEM, GIS-enabled bedrock maps will be available for a swath of territory stretching from the edge of the Selwyn Basin, near the Yukon border, to the Brock Inlier in the northeastern portion of the mainland area of the Northwest Territories.
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Plueddemann, Albert, Benjamin Pietro, and Emerson Hasbrouck. The Northwest Tropical Atlantic Station (NTAS): NTAS-19 Mooring Turnaround Cruise Report Cruise On Board RV Ronald H. Brown October 14 - November 1, 2020. Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1575/1912/27012.
Abstract:
The Northwest Tropical Atlantic Station (NTAS) was established to address the need for accurate air-sea flux estimates and upper ocean measurements in a region with strong sea surface temperature anomalies and the likelihood of significant local air–sea interaction on interannual to decadal timescales. The approach is to maintain a surface mooring outfitted for meteorological and oceanographic measurements at a site near 15°N, 51°W by successive mooring turnarounds. These observations will be used to investigate air–sea interaction processes related to climate variability. This report documents recovery of the NTAS-18 mooring and deployment of the NTAS-19 mooring at the same site. Both moorings used Surlyn foam buoys as the surface element. These buoys were outfitted with two Air–Sea Interaction Meteorology (ASIMET) systems. Each system measures, records, and transmits via Argos satellite the surface meteorological variables necessary to compute air–sea fluxes of heat, moisture and momentum. The upper 160 m of the mooring line were outfitted with oceanographic sensors for the measurement of temperature, salinity and velocity. Deep ocean temperature and salinity are measured at approximately 38 m above the bottom. The mooring turnaround was done on the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Ship Ronald H. Brown, Cruise RB-20-06, by the Upper Ocean Processes Group of the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. The cruise took place between 14 October and 1 November 2020. The NTAS-19 mooring was deployed on 22 October, with an anchor position of about 14° 49.48° N, 51° 00.96° W in 4985 m of water. A 31-hour intercomparison period followed, during which satellite telemetry data from the NTAS-19 buoy and the ship’s meteorological sensors were monitored. The NTAS-18 buoy, which had gone adrift on 28 April 2020, was recovered on 20 October near 13° 41.96° N, 58° 38.67° W. This report describes these operations, as well as other work done on the cruise and some of the pre-cruise buoy preparations.
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Ray, Laura, Madeleine Jordan, Steven Arcone, Lynn Kaluzienski, Benjamin Walker, Peter Ortquist Koons, James Lever, and Gordon Hamilton. Velocity field in the McMurdo shear zone from annual ground penetrating radar imaging and crevasse matching. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/42623.
Abstract:
The McMurdo shear zone (MSZ) is strip of heavily crevassed ice oriented in the south-north direction and moving northward. Previous airborne surveys revealed a chaotic crevasse structure superimposed on a set of expected crevasse orientations at 45 degrees to the south-north flow (due to shear stress mechanisms). The dynamics that produced this chaotic structure are poorly understood. Our purpose is to present our field methodology and provide field data that will enable validation of models of the MSZ evolution, and here, we present a method for deriving a local velocity field from ground penetrating radar (GPR) data towards that end. Maps of near-surface crevasses were derived from two annual GPR surveys of a 28 km² region of the MSZ using Eulerian sampling. Our robot-towed and GPS navigated GPR enabled a dense survey grid, with transects of the shear zone at 50 m spacing. Each survey comprised multiple crossings of long (> 1 km) crevasses that appear in echelon on the western and eastern boundaries of the shear zone, as well as two or more crossings of shorter crevasses in the more chaotic zone between the western and eastern boundaries. From these maps, we derived a local velocity field based on the year-to-year movement of the same crevasses. Our velocity field varies significantly from fields previously established using remote sensing and provides more detail than one concurrently derived from a 29-station GPS network. Rather than a simple velocity gradient expected for crevasses oriented approximately 45 degrees to flow direction, we find constant velocity contours oriented diagonally across the shear zone with a wavy fine structure. Although our survey is based on near-surface crevasses, similar crevassing found in marine ice at 160 m depth leads us to conclude that this surface velocity field may hold through the body of meteoric and marine ice. Our success with robot-towed GPR with GPS navigation suggests we may greatly increase our survey areas.
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Abbott, Albert G., Doron Holland, Douglas Bielenberg, and Gregory Reighard. Structural and Functional Genomic Approaches for Marking and Identifying Genes that Control Chilling Requirement in Apricot and Peach Trees. United States Department of Agriculture, September 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2009.7591742.bard.
Abstract:
Structural and functional genomic approaches for marking and identifying genes that control chilling requirement in apricot and peach trees. Specific aims: 1) Identify and characterize the genetic nature of chilling requirement for flowering and dormancy break of vegetative shoots in Prunusgermplasm through the utilization of existing apricot (NeweYa'ar Research Center, ARO) and peach (Clemson University) genetic mapping populations; 2) Use molecular genetic mapping techniques to identify markers flanking genomic regions controlling chilling; 3) Comparatively map the regions controlling chilling requirement in apricot and peach and locate important genomic regions influencing chilling requirement on the Prunus functional genomic database as an initial step for identification of candidate genes; 4) Develop from the functional genomics database a set of markers facilitating the development of cultivars with optimized chilling requirements for improved and sustained fruit production in warm-winter environments. Dormant apricot (prunus armeniaca L.) and peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] trees require sustained exposure to low, near freezing, temperatures before vigorous floral and vegetative bud break is possible after the resumption of warm temperatures in the spring. The duration of chilling required (the chilling requirement, CR) is determined by the climatic adaptation of the particular cultivar, thus limiting its geographic distribution. This limitation is particularly evident when attempting to introduce superior cultivars to regions with very warm winter temperatures, such as Israel and the coastal southern United States. The physiological mechanism of CR is not understood and although breeding programs deliberately manipulate CR in apricot and peach crosses, robust closely associated markers to the trait are currently not available. We used segregating populations of apricot (100 Fl individuals, NeweYa'ar Research Center, ARO) and peach (378 F2 individuals, Clemson University) to discover several discreet genomic loci that regulate CR and blooming date. We used the extensive genomic/genetic resources available for Prunus to successfully combine our apricot and peach genetic data and identify five QTL with strong effects that are conserved between species as well as several QTL that are unique to each species. We have identified markers in the key major QTL regions for testing in breeding programs which we are carrying out currently; we have identified an initial set of candidate genes using the peach physical/transcriptome map and whole peach genome sequences and we are testing these currently to identify key target genes for manipulation in breeding programs. Our collaborative work to date has demonstrated the following: 1) CR in peach and apricot is predominantly controlled by a limited number ofQTL loci, seven detected in a peach F2 derived map comprising 65% of the character and 12 in an apricot Fl map comprising 71.6% and 55.6% of the trait in the Perfection and A. 1740 parental maps, respectively and that peach and apricot appear in our initial maps to share five genomic intervals containing potentially common QTL. 2) Application of common anchor markers of the Prunus/peach, physical/genetic map resources has allowed us not only to identify the shared intervals but also to have immediately available some putative candidate gene information from these intervals, the EVG region on LG1 in peach the TALY 1 region in apricot on LG2 in peach; and several others involved in vernalization pathways (LGI and LG7). 3) Mapped BACcontigs are easily defined from the complete physical map resources in peach through the common SSR markers that anchor our CR maps in the two species, 4) Sequences of BACs in these regions can be easily mined for additional polymorphic markers to use in MAS applications.