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Author: Grafiati

Published: 6 September 2023

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1

Köroğlu, Mehmet Emin, and Mustafa Sarı. "Skew Constacyclic Codes over a Non-Chain Ring." Entropy 25, no. 3 (March 17, 2023): 525. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e25030525.

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In this paper, we investigate the algebraic structure of the non-local ring Rq=Fq[v]/⟨v2+1⟩ and identify the automorphisms of this ring to study the algebraic structure of the skew constacyclic codes and their duals over this ring. Furthermore, we give a necessary and sufficient condition for the skew constacyclic codes over Rq to be linear complementary dual (LCD). We present some examples of Euclidean LCD codes over Rq and tabulate the parameters of Euclidean LCD codes over finite fields as the Φ-images of these codes over Rq, which are almost maximum distance separable (MDS) and near MDS. Eventually, by making use of Hermitian linear complementary duals of skew constacyclic codes over Rq and the map Φ, we give a class of entanglement-assisted quantum error correcting codes (EAQECCs) with maximal entanglement and tabulate parameters of some EAQECCs with maximal entanglement over finite fields.

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2

Zoennchen, J. H., U. Nass, and H. J. Fahr. "Terrestrial exospheric hydrogen density distributions under solar minimum and solar maximum conditions observed by the TWINS stereo mission." Annales Geophysicae 33, no. 3 (March 27, 2015): 413–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-33-413-2015.

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Abstract. Circumterrestrial Lyman-α column brightness observations above 3 Earth radii (Re) have been used to derive separate 3-D neutral hydrogen density models of the Earth's exosphere for solar minimum (2008, 2010) and near-solar-maximum (2012) conditions. The data used were measured by Lyman-α detectors (LAD1/2) onboard each of the TWINS satellites from very different orbital positions with respect to the exosphere. Exospheric H atoms resonantly scatter the near-line-center solar Lyman-α flux at 121.6 nm. Assuming optically thin conditions above 3Re along a line of sight (LOS), the scattered LOS-column intensity is proportional to the LOS H-column density. We found significant differences in the density distribution of the terrestrial exosphere under different solar conditions. Under solar maximum conditions we found higher H densities and a larger spatial extension compared to solar minimum. After a continuous, 2-month decrease in (27 day averaged) solar activity, significantly lower densities were found. Differences in shape and orientation of the exosphere under different solar conditions exist. Above 3 Re, independent of solar activity, increased H densities appear on the Earth's nightside shifted towards dawn. With increasing distance (as measured at 8Re) this feature is shifted westward/duskward by between −4 and −5° with respect to midnight. Thus, at larger geocentric distance the exosphere seems to be aligned with the aberrated Earth–solar-wind line, defined by the solar wind velocity and the orbital velocity of the Earth. The results presented in this paper are valid for geocentric distances between 3 and 8Re.

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3

Pereira, Francisco Revson F., and Stefano Mancini. "Entanglement-Assisted Quantum Codes from Cyclic Codes." Entropy 25, no. 1 (December 24, 2022): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e25010037.

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Entanglement-assisted quantum-error-correcting (EAQEC) codes are quantum codes which use entanglement as a resource. These codes can provide better error correction than the (entanglement unassisted) codes derived from the traditional stabilizer formalism. In this paper, we provide a general method to construct EAQEC codes from cyclic codes. Afterwards, the method is applied to Reed–Solomon codes, BCH codes, and general cyclic codes. We use the Euclidean and Hermitian construction of EAQEC codes. Three families have been created: two families of EAQEC codes are maximal distance separable (MDS), and one is almost MDS or almost near MDS. The comparison of the codes in this paper is mostly based on the quantum Singleton bound.

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4

MELTERAS, MARIE-VIANNEY, VINCENT LEBOT, COLIN J. ASHER, and JANE N. O'SULLIVAN. "CROP DEVELOPMENT AND ROOT DISTRIBUTION IN LESSER YAM (DIOSCOREA ESCULENTA): IMPLICATIONS FOR FERTILIZATION." Experimental Agriculture 44, no. 2 (April 2008): 209–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0014479708006339.

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SUMMARYA growth analysis study involving monthly excavation of Dioscorea esculenta plants revealed that the root system developed fully in the period before tuber initiation, and extended radially for a distance between 2.3 and 4.3 m. Primary roots initially remained in the top 10 cm of the soil profile, but descended to approximately 30 cm near their full extension. Tuber number increased from initiation around 21 weeks after planting (WAP) until maximum vine growth was reached around 33 WAP, but tuber dry weight continued to increase throughout the senescence period of the vine, to 45 WAP. Tubers lost dry matter but not fresh weight during dormancy in the soil, to 55 WAP. The results indicate that a distance of at least 4.5 m is required to separate experimental fertilizer treatments, and that post-establishment burial of fertilizers around the mound or ridge risks damage to roots near their base, while inter-row application is accessible to roots and may be preferable.

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5

Gittenberger, Adriaan, and Bert W. Hoeksema. "Phenotypic plasticity revealed by molecular studies on reef corals of Fungia (Cycloseris) spp. (Scleractinia: Fungiidae) near river outlets." Contributions to Zoology 75, no. 03-04 (2006): 195–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18759866-0750304008.

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On a patch reef off Makassar, Sulawesi, Indonesia, corals identified as Fungia (Cycloseris) costulata, Fungia (Cycloseris) tenuis and Fungia (Cycloseris) cf costulata were collected down to a maximum depth of 10 m. The corals lived sympatrically. Mushroom coral clones resulting from fragmentation can be recognized by their equal coloration and close proximity. Therefore, to ensure that no clones were collected, corals of dissimilar colors were selected at a mutual distance of 5 m. The corals were kept alive in two 30 liter sea-water aquariums with an air-pump. They were photographed in detail. Using allozyme electrophoresis in a laboratory close to the field area, it was tested whether the separate coral morphs should be considered three species. Eventually it was concluded that there are only two species, i.e. F. (C.) costulata and F. (C.) tenuis, of which F. (C.) costulata has two distinct morphs, one of which may be an eco-phenotype occurring on reefs off river outlets or inside estuaries.

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6

Yakovliev, Ruslan, Yurii Shmelov, Maryna Petchenko, Serhii Honchar, and Vasyl Kovalskyi. "Research of the synthesis of radiant intensity indicatrix of multicomponent beam diode module." E3S Web of Conferences 280 (2021): 05010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202128005010.

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Widespread use of semiconductor radiation sources in optoelectronic devices for various purposes requires further study of the mechanisms of formation of photometric characteristics of the integrated device in the near illumination zone, where the law of inverted squares is violated. A mathematical model of the multicomponent beam-diode module is proposed. On its basis the analysis of influence of the parameters of separate beam sources on the deformation of the indicatrix of radiant intensity at transition from the far zone to the near one is carried out. It is shown that the determining parameter of the indicatrix change in longitude and polar distance is the distribution in the plane of the modulus of the product of the radiant intensity of a single diode on its polar radius vector. The displacement of the polar angle of the maximum of the vector of the diode radiant intensity is more significant for wide radiation patterns than for concentrated ones. For specific parameters of diodes and geometry of their location the suitability of the proposed model for a priori modeling of beam-diode modules is illustrated.

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7

Krishna, A., and D. V. Sarwate. "Pseudocyclic maximum-distance-separable codes." IEEE Transactions on Information Theory 36, no. 4 (July 1990): 880–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/18.53751.

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8

Hyun, Jong Yoon, and Hyun Kwang Kim. "Maximum distance separable poset codes." Designs, Codes and Cryptography 48, no. 3 (April 12, 2008): 247–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10623-008-9204-8.

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9

Feyling, C. "Punctured maximum distance separable codes." Electronics Letters 29, no. 5 (1993): 470. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:19930314.

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10

Rosenthal, Joachim, and Roxana Smarandache. "Maximum Distance Separable Convolutional Codes." Applicable Algebra in Engineering, Communication and Computing 10, no. 1 (August 1, 1999): 15–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002000050120.

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11

Climent, Joan-Josep, Diego Napp, Carmen Perea, and Raquel Pinto. "Maximum Distance Separable 2D Convolutional Codes." IEEE Transactions on Information Theory 62, no. 2 (February 2016): 669–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tit.2015.2509075.

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12

Wirbeleit, Frank. "Non-Gaussian Diffusion of Phosphorus and Arsenic in Silicon with Local Density Diffusivity Model." Defect and Diffusion Forum 303-304 (July 2010): 21–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.303-304.21.

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In the light of published phosphorus and arsenic diffusion profiles [1,2] a non-Gaussian mathematical diffusion model is developed in this work based on separate forward and reflected impurity diffusion flows and called local density diffusion (LDD) model. The LDD model includes the rational function diffusion (RFD) model published in [3] and represents an improvement for near surface and tail concentration profile slope approximation by introducing just one single empirical fit parameter “r”. This single fit parameter is related to the given combination of impurity species (phosphorus: r=0.18; arsenic: r=0.43) in the applied host lattice system (silicon), but does not vary while approximating different experiments with different impurity surface concentrations and penetration depths [1,2]. Based on the LDD approximation in this work a surface enhanced diffusivity for phosphorus and a tail decelerated diffusion for arsenic is suggested in comparison to RFD model approximation only. The local density diffusivity is found to be non-linear along the penetration path and reaches its maximum at a distance LLDD from the surface.

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13

Matuz, Balazs, Gianluigi Liva, and Enrico Paolini. "Short Nonbinary Maximum Distance Separable Cycle Codes." IEEE Communications Letters 22, no. 3 (March 2018): 454–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2017.2787051.

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14

Samei, Karim, and Sadegh Sadeghi. "Maximum distance separable codes over ℤ2 × ℤ2s." Journal of Algebra and Its Applications 17, no. 07 (June 13, 2018): 1850136. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219498818501360.

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Bilal et al. (Maximum distance separable codes over [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] Des. Codes Cryptogr. 61 (2011) 31–40) obtained two upper bounds on minimum distance of codes over rings to the case of [Formula: see text]-additive codes and through these bounds, they introduced two kinds of maximum distance separable codes ([Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]), the minimum distance of which meets any of those bounds. Also, they completely determined these two types of codes. In this paper, we generalize these facts on [Formula: see text]-additive codes and determine all possible parameters of the [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] codes over [Formula: see text].

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15

SALGUEIRO-SEPÚLVEDA, F. JAVIER, and FERNANDO ÁLVAREZ-PADILLA. "New species of the orb-weaving spider genus Chrysometa (Araneae, Tetragnathidae) from oak forests near of the Pico de Orizaba National Park (Veracruz, Mexico)." Zootaxa 4450, no. 3 (July 25, 2018): 301. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4450.3.1.

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Seven new species of the genus Chrysometa Simon are described: C. citlaltepetl n. sp., C. triangulosa n. sp., C. rosarium n. sp., C. atotonilco n. sp., C. xamaticpac n. sp. C. puya n. sp. and C. sagicuta n. sp. Species identities were evaluated and sexes for each species matched with a fragment of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I. These data were analyzed with maximum likelihood and the resulting cladograms separated all species with high support values (95–100) and an average distance of 0.093 %. The genetic signal also agreed with the diagnostic morphological features used to separate these taxa. The sex matching results discovered that the female of C. chipinque Levi actually belongs to C. puya n. sp.; the correct female of C. chipinque is here described for the first time. A redescription of the male of C. chipinque and the female of C. puya is also provided. All species were collected as part of a faunistic inventory from two oak forests near Pico de Orizaba Volcano National Park. A total of 399 adult specimens, 209 females and 195 males, were sorted and identified. Most individuals were collected from medium height vegetation by beating trays and from high vegetation by direct collecting at night. High resolution images for all species are available at www.unamfcaracnolab.com. Finally, the functional anatomy of the epigynum for the species described here is discussed.

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16

Delshad, Samaneh, Michael John Collins, Scott Andrew Read, and Stephen James Vincent. "The human axial length and choroidal thickness responses to continuous and alternating episodes of myopic and hyperopic blur." PLOS ONE 15, no. 12 (December 2, 2020): e0243076. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0243076.

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Purpose To investigate the change in axial length (AxL) and choroidal thickness (ChT) in response to continuous and alternating episodes of monocular myopic and hyperopic defocus. Methods The right eye of sixteen young adults was exposed to 60 minute episodes of either continuous or alternating myopic and hyperopic defocus (+3 DS & -3 DS) over six separate days, with the left eye optimally corrected for distance. During alternating defocus conditions, the eye was exposed to either 30 or 15 minute cycles of myopic and hyperopic defocus, with the order of defocus reversed in separate sessions. The AxL and ChT of the right eye were measured before, during and after each defocus condition. Results Significant changes in AxL were observed over time, dependent upon the defocus condition (p < 0.0001). In general, AxL exhibited a greater magnitude of change during continuous than alternating defocus conditions. The maximum AxL elongation was +7 ± 7 μm (p = 0.010) in response to continuous hyperopic defocus and the maximum AxL reduction was -8 ± 10 μm of (p = 0.046) in response to continuous myopic defocus. During both 30 and 15 minute cycles of alternating myopic and hyperopic defocus of equal duration, the effect of opposing blur sessions cancelled each other and the AxL was near baseline levels following the final defocus session (mean change from baseline across all alternating defocus conditions was +2 ± 10 μm, p > 0.05). Similar, but smaller magnitude, changes were observed for ChT. Conclusions The human eye appears capable of temporal averaging of visual cues from alternating myopic and hyperopic defocus. In the short term, this integration appears to be a cancellation of the effects of the preceding defocus condition of opposite sign.

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17

Sharma, Prof P. L., Mr Arun Kumar, and Mrs Shalini Gupta. "Maximum Distance Separable Hankel Rhotrices over Finite Fields." JOURNAL OF COMBINATORICS, INFORMATION & SYSTEM SCIENCES 43, no. 1-4 (December 28, 2018): 13–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.32381/jciss.2018.43.1-4.2.

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18

Zhang, Yuejia, Shiqiu Liu, and Li Chen. "Maximum Distance Separable Array Codes Allowing Partial Collaboration." IEEE Communications Letters 24, no. 8 (August 2020): 1612–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2020.2992550.

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19

EZERMAN, MARTIANUS FREDERIC, SOMPHONG JITMAN, HAN MAO KIAH, and SAN LING. "PURE ASYMMETRIC QUANTUM MDS CODES FROM CSS CONSTRUCTION: A COMPLETE CHARACTERIZATION." International Journal of Quantum Information 11, no. 03 (April 2013): 1350027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219749913500275.

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Using the Calderbank–Shor–Steane (CSS) construction, pure q-ary asymmetric quantum error-correcting codes attaining the quantum Singleton bound are constructed. Such codes are called pure CSS asymmetric quantum maximum distance separable (AQMDS) codes. Assuming the validity of the classical maximum distance separable (MDS) Conjecture, pure CSS AQMDS codes of all possible parameters are accounted for.

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20

Bulatov, K. V., V. P. Zhukov, E. V. Bratygin, N. A. Tomilov, and V. A. Menshikov. "Investigation of Pobeda furnace bubbling zone physics using cold modeling method. Message 1. Investigation of fluid and gas dynamics of bubbling using a side-blowing gas-protected lance." Izvestiya Vuzov. Tsvetnaya Metallurgiya (Universities' Proceedings Non-Ferrous Metallurgy), no. 3 (June 13, 2021): 15–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/0021-3438-2021-3-15-23.

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Pobeda furnace operation was studied in the Archimedes criteria range from 5 to 60 using the cold modeling method to determine fluid and gas dynamics of bubbling using a side-blowing gas-protected lance. A transparent reactor of the laboratory setup was made on a scale of 1 : 10. Cylindrical lance nozzle diameter was 5 mm, annular space was 1 mm and angle to the horizontal in the reactor working position was 12°. It is shown that air interaction with water at its excessive pressure of 105 N/m2 occurs in the form of a pulsating stream in a cyclical pattern with the different maximum torch size amplitude and the time required to achieve it. Dynamic borders of the primary near-nozzle zone were determined depending on the Archimedes criterion value for separate and cooperative gas flow through the lance shell and central channel in the stream straight-line development area (lmin ≤ I ≥ lmax). Dynamic head of torch pulsation at extremum points varies in the range of 6,00 • 10-5÷8,26 • 10-4 Pa. Empirical equations for stream length in straight-line and full stream development areas and liquid release height were obtained depending on the Archimedes criterion value. An intermediate layer of ejected liquid was found between circular and cylindrical submerged streams. Cooperative axial gas flow is maintained at identical Archimedes criteria of air supply to the shell and central channel for the values Arsh = Arc = 25 at a distance of 0.0094—0.0116 m from the nozzle edge. As a result of research conducted it should be assumed that there is no interaction of blast oxygen from the central channel of the double -flow lance with surrounding melt at a distance of 9—11 cm from the Pobeda furnace lining.

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21

Chee, Yeow Meng, Lijun Ji, Han Mao Kiah, Chengmin Wang, and Jianxing Yin. "Maximum Distance Separable Codes for Symbol-Pair Read Channels." IEEE Transactions on Information Theory 59, no. 11 (November 2013): 7259–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tit.2013.2276615.

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22

Ding, Baokun, Tao Zhang, and Gennian Ge. "Maximum distance separable codes for b -symbol read channels." Finite Fields and Their Applications 49 (January 2018): 180–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ffa.2017.10.002.

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23

Alderson, T. L., A. A. Bruen, and R. Silverman. "Maximum distance separable codes and arcs in projective spaces." Journal of Combinatorial Theory, Series A 114, no. 6 (August 2007): 1101–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcta.2006.11.005.

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24

Young, N. W., M. De Angelis, and D. Davies. "Evidence Of Environmental Change Since The Last Glacial Maximum Inferred From Chemical Analysis Of An Ice Core From Law Dome, Antarctica." Annals of Glaciology 14 (1990): 365. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/s0260305500009459.

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An ice core, drilled near the margin of the Law Dome ice cap at Cape Folger, has been analysed for trace chemical content. The concentration of the major anions and cations has been measured on samples selected from the ice core to give information on the major environmental changes which have occurred in the period 6–26 ka B.P. The chemical species can be divided into two fractions representing the two major sources of trace chemicals; marine and continental sources. Four species are chosen to illustrate the main features in the record; aluminium as an indicator of the continental fraction, sodium and magnesium as indicators of the marine fraction and methane sulphonic acid (MSA). Sodium and magnesium concentrations in the Law Dome core are predominantly derived from marine sources, although they usually include also small contributions from the continental sources. MSA has a marine biogenic source and exhibits a pattern which is generally unrelated to the variations in the two main fractions. Measured oxygen isotope ratios provide an additional data source. Concentrations of the same species in the Dome C core (De Angelis and others, 1982; Saigne and Legrand, 1987) are used as indicators of the global background atmospheric chemical content, and by inter-comparison of the records from the two cores are used to derive a proxy chronology for the Law Dome core.The interval in each core corresponding to the final stages of the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) can be identified from the oxygen isotope records (Budd and Morgan, 1977; Lorius and others, 1984). Both cores have high aluminium concentrations in this interval reducing to very low concentrations towards the end of the transition to the Holocene. A similar sharp change from high to very low concentration is also observed for MSA. Very low concentrations of other species are also observed in this interval in the transition period. By assuming that these changes in the two cores are contemporaneous, the age scale from the Dome C core (Lorius and others, 1984) can be applied to the Law Dome core. An age of 13 ka B.p. is assigned to the very clean interval near the end of the transition. Other, less obvious, events in the chemical and isotope records distinguish intervals corresponding to ages of approximately 7.5, 15.5, and 26 ka B.P. Ages for intermediate intervals are derived by interpolation and reference to a modelled age-depth relation.The records from each of the cores for MSA and the continental fraction, represented by aluminium, show similar features at the Law Dome site as at Dome C. But the records for the marine fraction show distinct differences. On Law Dome there is a clear trend of decreasing concentration with depth, consistent with the ice at greater depth having an origin at higher elevation further inland on the ice cap. Very low concentrations occur in the lower part of the core, which includes the interval corresponding to the LGM. By way of contrast, at Dome C the concentration of sodium in the interval corresponding to the Holocene is low, but relatively higher in the LGM interval. The concentrations during the LGM, of both the marine and continental fractions, are lower in Law Dome by a factor generally between 1 and 2 than those at Dome C as a result of dilution caused by the higher precipitation and snow accumulation rates near the coast.For interpretation of the records, the concentrations in the Dome C core are assumed to indicate changes in the global background atmospheric loading and atmospheric circulation. On Law Dome, the general trend of decreasing concentra- tion with depth for the marine fraction is modulated by variations in the background atmospheric loading, and the effect of variations in past ice sheet and sea ice extent and thus distance to the source. At about 11 ka B.P., sodium and magnesium concentrations increase sharply to about three times the background level, and are maintained till about 9.5 ka B.P. This event is not apparent in the Dome C record. During the period 6–8 ka B P., sodium and magnesium concentrations are higher by a factor between 1.5 and 2 in conjunction with colder (more negative) values of the oxygen isotope ratio. There is some evidence of similar variations in the Dome C record.This suggests two separate scenarios. For the period 9.5–11 ka B P., one or more of the following events probably occurred: a change in the seasonal pattern of variation in sea ice extent and distribution; lesser sea ice extent; more open water closer to the coast; increased storminess in the coastal region, each of which could lead to an increased supply of material with marine source (sodium and magnesium) by either more vigorous atmospheric circulation or less distance to the source. Coincidentally, increased storminess is consistent with an increased fraction of open water in the sea ice zone. But there is apparently no change in the concnetration of MSA above background levels during this period. This could provide a constraint on the possible mechanisms causing the observed event. For the more recent period, 6–8 ka B.P., the changes found in both cores probably reflect climatic variation on a broader hemispheric or global scale, involving lower temperatures in at least the high latitudes, probably increased zonal atmospheric circulation, and perhaps changes in the seasonal sea ice distribution and total extent.

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25

Young, N. W., M. De Angelis, and D. Davies. "Evidence Of Environmental Change Since The Last Glacial Maximum Inferred From Chemical Analysis Of An Ice Core From Law Dome, Antarctica." Annals of Glaciology 14 (1990): 365. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0260305500009459.

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An ice core, drilled near the margin of the Law Dome ice cap at Cape Folger, has been analysed for trace chemical content. The concentration of the major anions and cations has been measured on samples selected from the ice core to give information on the major environmental changes which have occurred in the period 6–26 ka B.P. The chemical species can be divided into two fractions representing the two major sources of trace chemicals; marine and continental sources. Four species are chosen to illustrate the main features in the record; aluminium as an indicator of the continental fraction, sodium and magnesium as indicators of the marine fraction and methane sulphonic acid (MSA). Sodium and magnesium concentrations in the Law Dome core are predominantly derived from marine sources, although they usually include also small contributions from the continental sources. MSA has a marine biogenic source and exhibits a pattern which is generally unrelated to the variations in the two main fractions. Measured oxygen isotope ratios provide an additional data source. Concentrations of the same species in the Dome C core (De Angelis and others, 1982; Saigne and Legrand, 1987) are used as indicators of the global background atmospheric chemical content, and by inter-comparison of the records from the two cores are used to derive a proxy chronology for the Law Dome core. The interval in each core corresponding to the final stages of the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) can be identified from the oxygen isotope records (Budd and Morgan, 1977; Lorius and others, 1984). Both cores have high aluminium concentrations in this interval reducing to very low concentrations towards the end of the transition to the Holocene. A similar sharp change from high to very low concentration is also observed for MSA. Very low concentrations of other species are also observed in this interval in the transition period. By assuming that these changes in the two cores are contemporaneous, the age scale from the Dome C core (Lorius and others, 1984) can be applied to the Law Dome core. An age of 13 ka B.p. is assigned to the very clean interval near the end of the transition. Other, less obvious, events in the chemical and isotope records distinguish intervals corresponding to ages of approximately 7.5, 15.5, and 26 ka B.P. Ages for intermediate intervals are derived by interpolation and reference to a modelled age-depth relation. The records from each of the cores for MSA and the continental fraction, represented by aluminium, show similar features at the Law Dome site as at Dome C. But the records for the marine fraction show distinct differences. On Law Dome there is a clear trend of decreasing concentration with depth, consistent with the ice at greater depth having an origin at higher elevation further inland on the ice cap. Very low concentrations occur in the lower part of the core, which includes the interval corresponding to the LGM. By way of contrast, at Dome C the concentration of sodium in the interval corresponding to the Holocene is low, but relatively higher in the LGM interval. The concentrations during the LGM, of both the marine and continental fractions, are lower in Law Dome by a factor generally between 1 and 2 than those at Dome C as a result of dilution caused by the higher precipitation and snow accumulation rates near the coast. For interpretation of the records, the concentrations in the Dome C core are assumed to indicate changes in the global background atmospheric loading and atmospheric circulation. On Law Dome, the general trend of decreasing concentra- tion with depth for the marine fraction is modulated by variations in the background atmospheric loading, and the effect of variations in past ice sheet and sea ice extent and thus distance to the source. At about 11 ka B.P., sodium and magnesium concentrations increase sharply to about three times the background level, and are maintained till about 9.5 ka B.P. This event is not apparent in the Dome C record. During the period 6–8 ka B P., sodium and magnesium concentrations are higher by a factor between 1.5 and 2 in conjunction with colder (more negative) values of the oxygen isotope ratio. There is some evidence of similar variations in the Dome C record. This suggests two separate scenarios. For the period 9.5–11 ka B P., one or more of the following events probably occurred: a change in the seasonal pattern of variation in sea ice extent and distribution; lesser sea ice extent; more open water closer to the coast; increased storminess in the coastal region, each of which could lead to an increased supply of material with marine source (sodium and magnesium) by either more vigorous atmospheric circulation or less distance to the source. Coincidentally, increased storminess is consistent with an increased fraction of open water in the sea ice zone. But there is apparently no change in the concnetration of MSA above background levels during this period. This could provide a constraint on the possible mechanisms causing the observed event. For the more recent period, 6–8 ka B.P., the changes found in both cores probably reflect climatic variation on a broader hemispheric or global scale, involving lower temperatures in at least the high latitudes, probably increased zonal atmospheric circulation, and perhaps changes in the seasonal sea ice distribution and total extent.

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26

Silk, Janet R. D., Sally E. Thorpe, Sophie Fielding, Eugene J. Murphy, Philip N. Trathan, Jonathan L. Watkins, and Simeon L. Hill. "Environmental correlates of Antarctic krill distribution in the Scotia Sea and southern Drake Passage." ICES Journal of Marine Science 73, no. 9 (June 19, 2016): 2288–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsw097.

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Abstract Antarctic krill is a key prey species for many vertebrate and invertebrate predators in the Southern Ocean; it is also an abundant fishery resource in the Scotia Sea and southern Drake Passage. Here, we identify environmental correlates of krill distribution utilizing acoustic data collected during an extensive international survey in January 2000. Separate models (at scales of 10–80 nautical miles) were derived for the full study area and for each of four subregions: northern and southern shelf waters, the seasonally ice-covered open ocean, and the generally ice-free open ocean. Krill distribution was strongly correlated with bathymetry; densities were higher over island shelves and shelf breaks and decreased with increasing distance offshore. Low krill densities occurred in areas of low chlorophyll concentration and high geostrophic velocity. Krill distribution was also related to sea level anomaly but relationships were not consistent between subregions. The models explained a maximum of 44% of the observed deviance in krill density, but did not reliably identify areas of high krill density in the open ocean, and explained a small proportion of the deviance (16%) in offshore areas covered seasonally by sea ice, probably because of the strong, residual influence of retreated ice. The commercial krill fishery is currently concentrated in shelf areas, where high densities of krill are most predictable. As krill are not predictable in the open ocean, the fishery is likely to remain principally a near-shore operation, and should be managed accordingly.

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Hamada, M. "The burst weight distributions of maximum-Hamming-distance-separable codes." IEEE Transactions on Information Theory 47, no. 1 (2001): 404–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/18.904546.

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García, Ismael Gutiérrez, Daladier Jabba Molinares, and Ivan Molina Naizir. "A novel maximum distance separable code to generate universal identifiers." Cryptography and Communications 11, no. 5 (December 20, 2018): 1021–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12095-018-0346-x.

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Gharibian, S. "Strong NP-hardness of the quantum separability problem." Quantum Information and Computation 10, no. 3&4 (March 2010): 343–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.26421/qic10.3-4-11.

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Given the density matrix $\rho$ of a bipartite quantum state, the quantum separability problem asks whether $\rho$ is entangled or separable. In 2003, Gurvits showed that this problem is NP-hard if $\rho$ is located within an inverse exponential (with respect to dimension) distance from the border of the set of separable quantum states. In this paper, we extend this NP-hardness to an inverse polynomial distance from the separable set. The result follows from a simple combination of works by Gurvits, Ioannou, and Liu. We apply our result to show (1) an immediate lower bound on the maximum distance between a bound entangled state and the separable set (assuming $\rm{P}\neq\rm{ NP}$), and (2) NP-hardness for the problem of determining whether a completely positive trace-preserving linear map is entanglement-breaking.

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30

Ridha, M., and K. A. Sugeng. "The Existence of 1-Error-Correcting Pair for Maximum Distance Separable (MDS) Non-Generalized Reed Solomon (GRS) code and Almost Maximum Distance Separable (AMDS) code." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1108 (November 2018): 012055. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1108/1/012055.

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Barbero, Angela, and Oyvind Ytrehus. "Rate $(n-1)/n$ Systematic Memory Maximum Distance Separable Convolutional Codes." IEEE Transactions on Information Theory 64, no. 4 (April 2018): 3018–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tit.2018.2802540.

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Kumar, Siddhartha, Hsuan-Yin Lin, Eirik Rosnes, and Alexandre Graell i Amat. "Achieving Maximum Distance Separable Private Information Retrieval Capacity With Linear Codes." IEEE Transactions on Information Theory 65, no. 7 (July 2019): 4243–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tit.2019.2900313.

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33

Berrett, Bryce E., Cory A. Vernon, Haley Beckstrand, Madi Pollei, Kaleb Markert, Kevin W. Franke, and John D. Hedengren. "Large-Scale Reality Modeling of a University Campus Using Combined UAV and Terrestrial Photogrammetry for Historical Preservation and Practical Use." Drones 5, no. 4 (November 17, 2021): 136. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/drones5040136.

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Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) enable detailed historical preservation of large-scale infrastructure and contribute to cultural heritage preservation, improved maintenance, public relations, and development planning. Aerial and terrestrial photo data coupled with high accuracy GPS create hyper-realistic mesh and texture models, high resolution point clouds, orthophotos, and digital elevation models (DEMs) that preserve a snapshot of history. A case study is presented of the development of a hyper-realistic 3D model that spans the complex 1.7 km2 area of the Brigham Young University campus in Provo, Utah, USA and includes over 75 significant structures. The model leverages photos obtained during the historic COVID-19 pandemic during a mandatory and rare campus closure and details a large scale modeling workflow and best practice data acquisition and processing techniques. The model utilizes 80,384 images and high accuracy GPS surveying points to create a 1.65 trillion-pixel textured structure-from-motion (SfM) model with an average ground sampling distance (GSD) near structures of 0.5 cm and maximum of 4 cm. Separate model segments (31) taken from data gathered between April and August 2020 are combined into one cohesive final model with an average absolute error of 3.3 cm and a full model absolute error of <1 cm (relative accuracies from 0.25 cm to 1.03 cm). Optimized and automated UAV techniques complement the data acquisition of the large-scale model, and opportunities are explored to archive as-is building and campus information to enable historical building preservation, facility maintenance, campus planning, public outreach, 3D-printed miniatures, and the possibility of education through virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) tours.

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L., P., Shalini Gupta, and Neetu Dhiman. "Construction of Maximum Distance Separable Rhotrices using Cauchy Rhotrices over Finite Fields." International Journal of Computer Applications 168, no. 9 (June 15, 2017): 8–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5120/ijca2017914489.

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35

Nitalessy, Septa Windy, Mans Lumiu Mananohas, Rinancy Tumilaar, Angelina Patricia Amanda, and Tesalonika Angela Tumey. "Maximum Distance Separable (MDS) Matrix of size m x m over Zq." Jurnal MIPA 11, no. 2 (July 4, 2022): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.35799/jm.v11i2.41387.

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The Maximum Distance Separable (MDS) code is one of the codes that known as error-correcting code where the generator matrix [I|A] is arranged by the identity matrix and the MDS matrix. In coding, MDS matrix can detect and correct errors optimally. A matrix over the Zq is called an MDS matrix if and only if all the determinants of its square submatrix are non-zero. A matrix over the Zq is called an MDS matrix if and only if all the determinants of its square submatrix are non-zero. In m x m matrix over Zq, the analyzed of possible entries and determinants of submatrix can be declare the existence of an MDS matrix of size m x m over Zq. The result is there will be no MDS matrix of size m x m where m greater than or equal to [(q-1)^2 + 1] - [q-2] for Zq with any of q. For Zq with q prime, there will be no MDS matrix of size m x m where m greater than or equal to [(q-1)^2 + 1] - [q-2] - [1/2 x (q-1)].

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36

Salcakibara, Katsumi, and Masao Kasahara. "Throughput evaluation of multicast error control schemes with maximum distance separable codes." Electronics and Communications in Japan (Part I: Communications) 78, no. 8 (August 1995): 46–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ecja.4410780805.

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37

Papagiannopoulos, Nikolaos, Lucia Mona, Aldo Amodeo, Giuseppe D'Amico, Pilar Gumà Claramunt, Gelsomina Pappalardo, Lucas Alados-Arboledas, et al. "An automatic observation-based aerosol typing method for EARLINET." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 18, no. 21 (November 6, 2018): 15879–901. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-15879-2018.

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Abstract. We present an automatic aerosol classification method based solely on the European Aerosol Research Lidar Network (EARLINET) intensive optical parameters with the aim of building a network-wide classification tool that could provide near-real-time aerosol typing information. The presented method depends on a supervised learning technique and makes use of the Mahalanobis distance function that relates each unclassified measurement to a predefined aerosol type. As a first step (training phase), a reference dataset is set up consisting of already classified EARLINET data. Using this dataset, we defined 8 aerosol classes: clean continental, polluted continental, dust, mixed dust, polluted dust, mixed marine, smoke, and volcanic ash. The effect of the number of aerosol classes has been explored, as well as the optimal set of intensive parameters to separate different aerosol types. Furthermore, the algorithm is trained with literature particle linear depolarization ratio values. As a second step (testing phase), we apply the method to an already classified EARLINET dataset and analyze the results of the comparison to this classified dataset. The predictive accuracy of the automatic classification varies between 59 % (minimum) and 90 % (maximum) from 8 to 4 aerosol classes, respectively, when evaluated against pre-classified EARLINET lidar. This indicates the potential use of the automatic classification to all network lidar data. Furthermore, the training of the algorithm with particle linear depolarization values found in the literature further improves the accuracy with values for all the aerosol classes around 80 %. Additionally, the algorithm has proven to be highly versatile as it adapts to changes in the size of the training dataset and the number of aerosol classes and classifying parameters. Finally, the low computational time and demand for resources make the algorithm extremely suitable for the implementation within the single calculus chain (SCC), the EARLINET centralized processing suite.

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38

Pongrácz, András. "Binary Linear Codes with Near-Extremal Maximum Distance." SIAM Journal on Discrete Mathematics 34, no. 4 (January 2020): 2300–2317. http://dx.doi.org/10.1137/19m1288498.

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39

Taneja, Divya, Manish Gupta, Rajesh Narula, and Jaskaran Bhullar. "Construction of new quantum MDS codes derived from constacyclic codes." International Journal of Quantum Information 15, no. 01 (February 2017): 1750008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219749917500083.

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Obtaining quantum maximum distance separable (MDS) codes from dual containing classical constacyclic codes using Hermitian construction have paved a path to undertake the challenges related to such constructions. Using the same technique, some new parameters of quantum MDS codes have been constructed here. One set of parameters obtained in this paper has achieved much larger distance than work done earlier. The remaining constructed parameters of quantum MDS codes have large minimum distance and were not explored yet.

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Zhang, Aixian, and Zhe Ji. "New Construction of Maximum Distance Separable (MDS) Self-Dual Codes over Finite Fields." Entropy 21, no. 2 (January 22, 2019): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e21020101.

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Maximum distance separable (MDS) self-dual codes have useful properties due to their optimality with respect to the Singleton bound and its self-duality. MDS self-dual codes are completely determined by the length n , so the problem of constructing q-ary MDS self-dual codes with various lengths is a very interesting topic. Recently X. Fang et al. using a method given in previous research, where several classes of new MDS self-dual codes were constructed through (extended) generalized Reed-Solomon codes, in this paper, based on the method given in we achieve several classes of MDS self-dual codes.

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Li, Shuxing, and Gennian Ge. "Constructions of maximum distance separable symbol-pair codes using cyclic and constacyclic codes." Designs, Codes and Cryptography 84, no. 3 (August 19, 2016): 359–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10623-016-0271-y.

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42

Blasco, Francisco Lazaro, Giuliano Garrammone, and Gianluigi Liva. "Parallel Concatenation of Non-Binary Linear Random Fountain Codes with Maximum Distance Separable Codes." IEEE Transactions on Communications 61, no. 10 (October 2013): 4067–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2013.090513.120834.

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43

Liu, Xiusheng, Long Yu, and Hualu Liu. "New quantum codes from Hermitian dual-containing codes." International Journal of Quantum Information 17, no. 01 (February 2019): 1950006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219749919500060.

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Hermitian dual-containing codes play an important role in the constructing quantum codes. In this paper, we present a new criterion of Hermitian dual-containing code based on the rank of generator matrix for a linear code. Then, using the criterion, we construct a class of new quantum maximum-distance-separable (MDS) codes and some new quantum codes.

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Xue, Lin, and Hong Cun Zhai. "Fast Maximum Likelihood Localization of Near-Field Sources." Advanced Materials Research 816-817 (September 2013): 493–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.816-817.493.

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Conventional methods for locating near-field sources generally suffer performance degradation when the assumption of uniform spatial Gaussian noise does not hold. In this paper study the scenario of non-uniform spatial Gaussian noise. First we construct the near-field signal model based on planar sensor array and derive the maximum likelihood method for obtaining the azimuth and distance of sound sources, then we proposed two fast algorithms-stepwise-concentrated maximum likelihood method(SML) and approximate maximum likelihood method(AML) to reduce the high computational complexity of maximum likelihood localization method. Simulation results show that the two proposed methods outperform conventional maximum likelihood method, with lower computational complexity and less mean squared error of both azimuth estimation and distance estimation.

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45

Jain, Sapna. "Singleton's Bound in Euclidean Codes." Algebra Colloquium 17, spec01 (December 2010): 741–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1005386710000714.

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There are three standard weight functions on a linear code viz. the Hamming weight, Lee weight and Euclidean weight. The Euclidean weight function is useful in connection with the lattice constructions, where the minimum norm of vectors in the lattice is related to the minimum Euclidean weight of the code. In this paper, we obtain Singleton's bound for Euclidean codes and introduce maximum Euclidean square distance separable (MESDS) codes.

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46

Shi, Xueying, Qin Yue, and Shudi Yang. "New LCD MDS codes constructed from generalized Reed–Solomon codes." Journal of Algebra and Its Applications 18, no. 08 (July 5, 2019): 1950150. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219498819501500.

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Maximum distance separable codes with complementary duals (LCD MDS codes) are very important in coding theory and practice, and have attracted a lot of attention. In this paper, we focus on LCD MDS codes constructed from generalized Reed–Solomon (GRS) codes over a finite field with odd characteristic. We detail two constructions of new LCD MDS codes, using invertible matrices and the roots of three classes of polynomials, respectively.

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47

Jo, Min Soo, and Soo Chul Park. "Outcomes of Bilateral Lateral Rectus Tucking in Patients with Divergence Insufficiency." Journal of the Korean Ophthalmological Society 64, no. 3 (March 15, 2023): 245–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3341/jkos.2023.64.3.245.

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Purpose: Divergence insufficiency is characterized by esotropia at far distance with symptomatic diplopia, minimal or no deviation at near distance, and full ocular duction and version. We analyzed the results of bilateral lateral rectus (BLR) tucking in patients with divergence insufficiency.Methods: Surgery was performed on patients with persistent distance diplopia with esotropia for at least 6 months after diplopia onset. The surgical results were evaluated after BLR tucking based on the maximum angle of deviation at distance among all the angles of deviation measured repeatedly, including the results of the prism adaptation test (PAT).Results: 24 patients were included. The average follow-up period was 14 months (1-48 months). The maximum deviations measured by alternate prism and cover test before surgery were 24.79 ± 8.15 prism diopter (PD) at far distance and 15.45 ± 9.30 PD at near distance. The PAT revealed that, the far distance deviation increased to 28.50 ± 7.77 PD and that at near distance to 25.88 ± 8.07 PD, but the difference between the two values fell to less than 3 PD on average. In 14 patients (58%), followed-up for up to 1 year, we noted no recurrence of diplopia or esotropia, or near distance overcorrection, with the exception of one patient who developed diplopia recurrence at far distance.Conclusions: BLR tucking guided by the maximum distance deviation of the 1 hour PAT affords stable results in patients with divergence insufficiency without overcorrection at near distance or undercorrection at far distance.

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GRASSL, MARKUS, THOMAS BETH, and MARTIN RÖTTELER. "ON OPTIMAL QUANTUM CODES." International Journal of Quantum Information 02, no. 01 (March 2004): 55–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219749904000079.

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We present families of quantum error-correcting codes which are optimal in the sense that the minimum distance is maximal. These maximum distance separable (MDS) codes are defined over q-dimensional quantum systems, where q is an arbitrary prime power. It is shown that codes with parameters 〚n, n - 2d + 2, d〛q exist for all 3≤n≤q and 1≤d≤n/2+1. We also present quantum MDS codes with parameters 〚q2, q2-2d+2, d〛q for 1≤d≤q which additionally give rise to shortened codes 〚q2-s, q2-2d+2-s, d〛q for some s.

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49

Dinh, Hai Q., Sampurna Satpati, Abhay Kumar Singh, and Woraphon Yamaka. "Symbol-triple distance of repeated-root constacyclic codes of prime power lengths." Journal of Algebra and Its Applications 19, no. 11 (November 11, 2019): 2050209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219498820502096.

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Let [Formula: see text] be an odd prime, [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] be positive integers and [Formula: see text] be a nonzero element of [Formula: see text]. The [Formula: see text]-constacyclic codes of length [Formula: see text] over [Formula: see text] are linearly ordered under set theoretic inclusion as ideals of the chain ring [Formula: see text]. Using this structure, the symbol-triple distances of all such [Formula: see text]-constacyclic codes are established in this paper. All maximum distance separable symbol-triple constacyclic codes of length [Formula: see text] are also determined as an application.

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50

Huang, Yin-Nan, Andrew S. Whittaker, and Nicolas Luco. "Maximum Spectral Demands in the Near-Fault Region." Earthquake Spectra 24, no. 1 (February 2008): 319–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/1.2830435.

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The Next Generation Attenuation (NGA) relationships for shallow crustal earthquakes in the western United States predict a rotated geometric mean of horizontal spectral demand, termed GMRotI50, and not maximum spectral demand. Differences between strike-normal, strike-parallel, geometric-mean, and maximum spectral demands in the near-fault region are investigated using 147 pairs of records selected from the NGA strong motion database. The selected records are for earthquakes with moment magnitude greater than 6.5 and for closest site-to-fault distance less than 15 km. Ratios of maximum spectral demand to NGA-predicted GMRotI50 for each pair of ground motions are presented. The ratio shows a clear dependence on period and the Somerville directivity parameters. Maximum demands can substantially exceed NGA-predicted GMRotI50 demands in the near-fault region, which has significant implications for seismic design, seismic performance assessment, and the next-generation seismic design maps. Strike-normal spectral demands are a significantly unconservative surrogate for maximum spectral demands for closest distance greater than 3 to 5 km. Scale factors that transform NGA-predicted GMRotI50 to a maximum spectral demand in the near-fault region are proposed.

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