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1
Font, Aragonès Xavier. "Visible, near infrared and thermal hand-based image biometric recognition." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/117685.
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Biometric Recognition refers to the automatic identification of a person based on his or her anatomical characteristic or modality (i.e., fingerprint, palmprint, face) or behavioural (i.e., signature) characteristic. It is a fundamental key issue in any process concerned with security, shared resources, network transactions among many others. Arises as a fundamental problem widely known as recognition, and becomes a must step before permission is granted. It is supposed that protects key resources by only allowing those resources to be used by users that have been granted authority to use or to have access to them. Biometric systems can operate in verification mode, where the question to be solved is Am I who I claim I am? or in identification mode where the question is Who am I?
Scientific community has increased its efforts in order to improve performance of biometric systems. Depending on the application many solutions go in the way of working with several modalities or combining different classification methods. Since increasing modalities require some user inconvenience many of these approaches will never reach the market. For example working with iris, face and fingerprints requires some user effort in order to help acquisition.
This thesis addresses hand-based biometric system in a thorough way. The main contributions are in the direction of a new multi-spectral hand-based image database and methods for performance improvement. The main contributions are:
A) The first multi-spectral hand-based image database from both hand faces: palmar and dorsal. Biometric database are a precious commodity for research, mainly when it offers something new like visual (VIS), near infrared (NIR) and thermography (TIR) images at a time. This database with a length of 100 users and 10 samples per user constitute a good starting point to check algorithms and hand suitability for recognition.
B) In order to correctly deal with raw hand data, some image preprocessing steps are necessary. Three different segmentation phases are deployed to deal with VIS, NIR and TIR images specifically. Some of the tough questions to address: overexposed images, ring fingers and the cuffs, cold finger and noise image.
Once image segmented, two different approaches are prepared to deal with the segmented data. These two approaches called: Holistic and Geometric define the main focus to extract the feature vector. These feature vectors can be used alone or can be combined in some way. Many questions can be stated: e.g. which approach is better for recognition?, Can fingers alone obtain better performance than the whole hand? and Is thermography hand information suitable for recognition due to its thermoregulation properties?
A complete set of data ready to analyse, coming from the holistic and geometric approach have been designed and saved to test. Some innovative geometric approach related to curvature will be demonstrated.
C) Finally the Biometric Dispersion Matcher (BDM) is used in order to explore how it works under different fusion schemes, as well as with different classification methods. It is the intention of this research to contrast what happen when using other methods close to BDM like Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA). At this point, some interesting questions will be solved, e.g. by taking advantage of the finger segmentation (as five different modalities) to figure out if they can outperform what the whole hand data can teach us.El Reconeixement Biomètric fa referència a la identi cació automàtica de persones fent us d'alguna característica o modalitat anatòmica (empremta digital) o d'alguna característica de comportament (signatura). És un aspecte fonamental en qualsevol procés relacionat amb la seguretat, la compartició de recursos o les transaccions electròniques entre d'altres. És converteix en un pas imprescindible abans de concedir l'autorització. Aquesta autorització, s'entén que protegeix recursos clau, permeten així, que aquests siguin utilitzats pels usuaris que han estat autoritzats a utilitzar-los o a tenir-hi accés. Els sistemes biomètrics poden funcionar en veri cació, on es resol la pregunta: Soc jo qui dic que soc? O en identi cació on es resol la qüestió: Qui soc jo? La comunitat cientí ca ha incrementat els seus esforços per millorar el rendiment dels sistemes biomètrics. En funció de l'aplicació, diverses solucions s'adrecen a treballar amb múltiples modalitats o combinant diferents mètodes de classi cació. Donat que incrementar el número de modalitats, representa a la vegada problemes pels usuaris, moltes d'aquestes aproximacions no arriben mai al mercat. La tesis contribueix principalment en tres grans àrees, totes elles amb el denominador comú següent: Reconeixement biometric a través de les mans. i) La primera d'elles constitueix la base de qualsevol estudi, les dades. Per poder interpretar, i establir un sistema de reconeixement biomètric prou robust amb un clar enfocament a múltiples fonts d'informació, però amb el mínim esforç per part de l'usuari es construeix aquesta Base de Dades de mans multi espectral. Les bases de dades biomètriques constitueixen un recurs molt preuat per a la recerca; sobretot si ofereixen algun element nou com es el cas. Imatges de mans en diferents espectres electromagnètics: en visible (VIS), en infraroig (NIR) i en tèrmic (TIR). Amb un total de 100 usuaris, i 10 mostres per usuari, constitueix un bon punt de partida per estudiar i posar a prova sistemes multi biomètrics enfocats a les mans. ii) El segon bloc s'adreça a les dues aproximacions existents en la literatura per a tractar les dades en brut. Aquestes dues aproximacions, anomenades Holística (tracta la imatge com un tot) i Geomètrica (utilitza càlculs geomètrics) de neixen el focus alhora d'extreure el vector de característiques. Abans de tractar alguna d'aquestes dues aproximacions, però, és necessària l'aplicació de diferents tècniques de preprocessat digital de la imatge per obtenir les regions d'interès desitjades. Diferents problemes presents a les imatges s'han hagut de solucionar de forma original per a cadascuna de les tipologies de les imatges presents: VIS, NIR i TIR. VIS: imatges sobre exposades, anells, mànigues, braçalets. NIR: Ungles pintades, distorsió en forma de soroll en les imatges TIR: Dits freds La segona àrea presenta aspectes innovadors, ja que a part de segmentar la imatge de la ma, es segmenten tots i cadascun dels dits (feature-based approach). Així aconseguim contrastar la seva capacitat de reconeixement envers la ma de forma completa. Addicionalment es presenta un conjunt de procediments geomètrics amb la idea de comparar-los amb els provinents de l'extracció holística. La tercera i última àrea contrasta el procediment de classi cació anomenat Biometric Dispersion Matcher (BDM) amb diferents situacions. La primera relacionada amb l'efectivitat respecte d'altres mètode de reconeixement, com ara l'Anàlisi Lineal Discriminant (LDA) o bé mètodes com KNN o la regressió logística. Les altres situacions que s'analitzen tenen a veure amb múltiples fonts d'informació, quan s'apliquen tècniques de normalització i/o estratègies de combinació (fusió) per millorar els resultats. Els resultats obtinguts no deixen lloc per a la confusió, i són certament prometedors en el sentit que posen a la llum la importància de combinar informació complementària per obtenir rendiments superiors.
2
Karlsson, Jonas. "FPGA-Accelerated Dehazing by Visible and Near-infrared Image Fusion." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för innovation, design och teknik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-28322.
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Fog and haze can have a dramatic impact on vision systems for land and sea vehicles. The impact of such conditions on infrared images is not as severe as for standard images. By fusing images from two cameras, one ordinary and one near-infrared camera, a complete dehazing system with colour preservation can be achieved. Applying several different algorithms to an image set and evaluating the results, the most suitable image fusion algoritm has been identified. Using an FPGA, a programmable integrated circuit, a crucial part of the algorithm has been implemented. It is capable of producing processed images 30 times faster than a laptop computer. This implementation lays the foundation of a real-time dehazing system and provides a significant part of the full solution. The results show that such a system can be accomplished with an FPGA.
3
Clarke, Fiona Catherine. "Near-infrared microscopy and image analysis for pharmaceutical process control." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.432883.
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Flowerdew, Roland John. "Atmospheric correction for the visible and near-infrared channels of ATSR-2." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.283392.
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Touse, Michael P. "Demonstration of a near and mid-infrared detector using multiple step quantum wells." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2003. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion-image/03sep%5FTouse.pdf.
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Carson, Kathryn Jane. "Contributions towards image reconstruction for functional imaging using time-resolved near-infrared measurements." Thesis, Keele University, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.240034.
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Wong, Gerald. "Snapshot hyperspectral imaging : near-infrared image replicating imaging spectrometer and achromatisation of Wollaston prisms." Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/2615.
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Conventional hyperspectral imaging (HSI) techniques are time-sequential and rely on temporal scanning to capture hyperspectral images. This temporal constraint can limit the application of HSI to static scenes and platforms, where transient and dynamic events are not expected during data capture. The Near-Infrared Image Replicating Imaging Spectrometer (N-IRIS) sensor described in this thesis enables snapshot HSI in the short-wave infrared (SWIR), without the requirement for scanning and operates without rejection in polarised light. It operates in eight wavebands from 1.1μm to 1.7μm with a 2.0° diagonal field-of-view. N-IRIS produces spectral images directly, without the need for prior topographic or image reconstruction. Additional benefits include compactness, robustness, static operation, lower processing overheads, higher signal-to-noise ratio and higher optical throughput with respect to other HSI snapshot sensors generally. This thesis covers the IRIS design process from theoretical concepts to quantitative modelling, culminating in the N-IRIS prototype designed for SWIR imaging. This effort formed the logical step in advancing from peer efforts, which focussed upon the visible wavelengths. After acceptance testing to verify optical parameters, empirical laboratory trials were carried out. This testing focussed on discriminating between common materials within a controlled environment as proof-of-concept. Significance tests were used to provide an initial test of N-IRIS capability in distinguishing materials with respect to using a conventional SWIR broadband sensor. Motivated by the design and assembly of a cost-effective visible IRIS, an innovative solution was developed for the problem of chromatic variation in the splitting angle (CVSA) of Wollaston prisms. CVSA introduces spectral blurring of images. Analytical theory is presented and is illustrated with an example N-IRIS application where a sixfold reduction in dispersion is achieved for wavelengths in the region 400nm to 1.7μm, although the principle is applicable from ultraviolet to thermal-IR wavelengths. Experimental proof of concept is demonstrated and the spectral smearing of an achromatised N-IRIS is shown to be reduced by an order of magnitude. These achromatised prisms can provide benefits to areas beyond hyperspectral imaging, such as microscopy, laser pulse control and spectrometry.
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Teresi, Michael Bryan. "Multispectral Image Labeling for Unmanned Ground Vehicle Environments." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/53998.
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Described is the development of a multispectral image labeling system with emphasis on Unmanned Ground Vehicles(UGVs). UGVs operating in unstructured environments face significant problems detecting viable paths when LIDAR is the sole source for perception. Promising advances in computer vision and machine learning has shown that multispectral imagery can be effective at detecting materials in unstructured environments [1][2][3][4][5][6]. This thesis seeks to extend previous work[6][7] by performing pixel level classification with multispectral features and texture. First the images are spatially registered to create a multispectral image cube. Visual, near infrared, shortwave infrared, and visible/near infrared polarimetric data are considered. The aligned images are then used to extract features which are fed to machine learning algorithms. The class list includes common materials present in rural and urban scenes such as vehicles, standing water, various forms of vegetation, and concrete. Experiments are conducted to explore the data requirement for a desired performance and the selection of a hyper-parameter for the textural features. A complete system is demonstrated, progressing from the data collection and labeling to the analysis of the classifier performance.Master of Science
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Khalaf, Reem. "Image reconstruction for optical tomography using photon density waves." Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.302304.
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Edjlali, Ehsan. "Fluorescence diffuse optical tomographic iterative image reconstruction for small animal molecular imaging with continuous-wave near infrared light." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/10673.
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L’approximation par harmoniques sphériques (SPN) simplifiées de l’équation de transfert
radiatif a été proposée comme un modèle fiable de propagation de la lumière dans les tissus
biologiques. Cependant, peu de solutions analytiques ont été trouvées pour ce modèle. De
telles solutions analytiques sont d’une grande valeur pour valider les solutions numériques
des équations SPN, auxquelles il faut recourir dans le cas de tissus avec des géométries
courbes complexes. Dans la première partie de cette thèse, des solutions analytiques pour
deux géométries courbes sont présentées pour la première fois, à savoir pour la sphère et
pour le cylindre. Pour les deux solutions, les conditions aux frontières générales tenant
compte du saut d’indice de réfraction à l’interface du tissus et de son milieu environnant,
telles qu’applicables à l’optique biomédicale, sont utilisées. Ces solutions sont validées à
l’aide de simulations Monte Carlo basées sur un maillage de discrétisation du milieu. Ainsi,
ces solutions permettent de valider rapidement un code numérique, par exemple utilisant
les différences finies ou les éléments finis, sans nécessiter de longues simulations Monte
Carlo. Dans la deuxième partie de cette thèse, la reconstruction itérative pour l’imagerie
par tomographie optique diffuse par fluorescence est proposée sur la base d’une fonction
objective et de son terme de régularisation de type Lq-Lp. Pour résoudre le problème inverse
d’imagerie, la discrétisation du modèle de propagation de la lumière est effectuée
en utilisant la méthode des différences finies. La reconstruction est effectuée sur un modèle
de souris numérique en utilisant un maillage multi-échelle. Le problème inverse est
résolu itérativement en utilisant une méthode d’optimisation. Pour cela, le gradient de la
fonction de coût par rapport à la carte de concentration de l’agent fluorescent est nécessaire.
Ce gradient est calculé à l’aide d’une méthode adjointe. Des mesures quantitatives
utilisées en l’imagerie médicale sont utilisées pour évaluer la performance de l’approche
de reconstruction dans différentes conditions. L’approche Lq-Lp montre des performances
quantifiées élevées par rapport aux algorithmes traditionnels basés sur des fonction coût
de type somme de carrés de différences.Abstract : The simplified spherical harmonics (SPN) approximation to the radiative transfer equation has been proposed as a reliable model of light propagation in biological tissues. However, few analytical solutions have been found for this model. Such analytical solutions are of great value to validate numerical solutions of the SPN equations, which must be resorted to when dealing with media with complex curved geometries. In the first part of this thesis, analytical solutions for two curved geometries are presented for the first time, namely for the sphere and for the cylinder. For both solutions, the general refractiveindex mismatch boundary conditions, as applicable in biomedical optics, are resorted to. These solutions are validated using mesh-based Monte Carlo simulations. So validated, these solutions allow in turn to rapidly validate numerical code, based for example on finite differences or on finite elements, without requiring lengthy Monte Carlo simulations. provide reliable tool for validating numerical simulations. In the second part, iterative reconstruction for fluorescence diffuse optical tomography imaging is proposed based on an Lq-Lp framework for formulating an objective function and its regularization term. To solve the imaging inverse problem, the discretization of the light propagation model is performed using the finite difference method. The framework is used along with a multigrid mesh on a digital mouse model. The inverse problem is solved iteratively using an optimization method. For this, the gradient of the cost function with respect to the fluorescent agent’s concentration map is necessary. This is calculated using an adjoint method. Quantitative metrics resorted to in medical imaging are used to evaluate the performance of the framework under different conditions. The results obtained support this new approach based on an Lq-Lp formulation of cost functions in order to solve the inverse fluorescence problem with high quantified performance.
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Williams, Paul James. "Near infrared (NIR) hyperspectral imaging for evaluation of whole maize kernels: chemometrics for exploration and classification." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1696.
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Thesis (Msc Food Sc (Food Science))--University of Stellenbosch, 2009.The use of near infrared (NIR) hyperspectral imaging and hyperspectral image analysis for distinguishing between whole maize kernels of varying degrees of hardness and fungal infected and non-infected kernels have been investigated. Near infrared hyperspectral images of whole maize kernels of varying degrees of hardness were acquired using a Spectral Dimensions MatrixNIR camera with a spectral range of 960-1662 nm as well as a sisuChema SWIR (short wave infrared) hyperspectral pushbroom imaging system with a spectral range of 1000-2498 nm. Exploratory principal component analysis (PCA) on absorbance images was used to remove background, bad pixels and shading. On the cleaned images, PCA could be used effectively to find histological classes including glassy (hard) and floury (soft) endosperm. PCA illustrated a distinct difference between floury and glassy endosperm along principal component (PC) three. Interpreting the PC loading line plots important absorbance peaks responsible for the variation were 1215, 1395 and 1450 nm, associated with starch and moisture for both MatrixNIR images (12 and 24 kernels). The loading line plots for the sisuChema (24 kernels) illustrated peaks of importance at the aforementioned wavelengths as well as 1695, 1900 and 1940 nm, also associated with starch and moisture. Partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was applied as a means to predict whether the different endosperm types observed, were glassy or floury. For the MatrixNIR image (12 kernels), the PLS-DA model exhibited a classification rate of up to 99% for the discrimination of both floury and glassy endosperm. The PLS-DA model for the second MatrixNIR image (24 kernels) yielded a classification rate of 82% for the discrimination of glassy and 73% for floury endosperm. The sisuChema image (24 kernels) yielded a classification rate of 95% for the discrimination of floury and 92% for glassy endosperm. The fungal infected and sound whole maize kernels were imaged using the same instruments. Background, bad pixels and shading were removed by applying PCA on absorbance images. On the cleaned images, PCA could be used effectively to find the infected regions, pedicle as well as non-infected regions. A distinct difference between infected and sound kernels was illustrated along PC1. Interpreting the PC loading line plots showed important absorbance peaks responsible for the variation and predominantly associated with starch and moisture: 1215, 1450, 1480, 1690, 1940 and 2136 nm for both MatrixNIR images (15 and 21 kernels). The MatrixNIR image (15 kernels) exhibited a PLS-DA classification rate of up to 96.1% for the discrimination of infected kernels and the sisuChema had a classification rate of 99% for the same region of interest. The The iv sisuChema image (21-kernels) had a classification rate for infected kernels of 97.6% without pre-processing, 97.7% with multiplicative scatter correction (MSC) and 97.4% with standard normal variate (SNV). Near infrared hyperspectral imaging is a promising technique, capable of distinguishing between maize kernels of varying hardness and between fungal infected and sound kernels. While there are still limitations with hardware and software, these results provide the platform which would greatly assist with the determination of maize kernel hardness in breeding programmes without having to destroy the kernel. Further, NIR hyperspectral imaging could serve as an objective, rapid tool for identification of fungal infected kernels.
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Chen, Yu. "A Highly Efficient Biometrics Approach for Unconstrained Iris Segmentation and Recognition." FIU Digital Commons, 2010. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/310.
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This dissertation develops an innovative approach towards less-constrained iris biometrics. Two major contributions are made in this research endeavor: (1) Designed an award-winning segmentation algorithm in the less-constrained environment where image acquisition is made of subjects on the move and taken under visible lighting conditions, and (2) Developed a pioneering iris biometrics method coupling segmentation and recognition of the iris based on video of moving persons under different acquisitions scenarios. The first part of the dissertation introduces a robust and fast segmentation approach using still images contained in the UBIRIS (version 2) noisy iris database. The results show accuracy estimated at 98% when using 500 randomly selected images from the UBIRIS.v2 partial database, and estimated at 97% in a Noisy Iris Challenge Evaluation (NICE.I) in an international competition that involved 97 participants worldwide involving 35 countries, ranking this research group in sixth position. This accuracy is achieved with a processing speed nearing real time. The second part of this dissertation presents an innovative segmentation and recognition approach using video-based iris images. Following the segmentation stage which delineats the iris region through a novel segmentation strategy, some pioneering experiments on the recognition stage of the less-constrained video iris biometrics have been accomplished. In the video-based and less-constrained iris recognition, the test or subject iris videos/images and the enrolled iris images are acquired with different acquisition systems. In the matching step, the verification/identification result was accomplished by comparing the similarity distance of encoded signature from test images with each of the signature dataset from the enrolled iris images. With the improvements gained, the results proved to be highly accurate under the unconstrained environment which is more challenging. This has led to a false acceptance rate (FAR) of 0% and a false rejection rate (FRR) of 17.64% for 85 tested users with 305 test images from the video, which shows great promise and high practical implications for iris biometrics research and system design.
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BRITO, Lívia Rodrigues e. "Determinação de aditivos detergentes dispersantes em gasolinautilizando a técnica do ring-oven e imagens hiperespectrais na região doinfravermelho próximo." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2014. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/17177.
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CNPq
A adição de aditivos detergentes dispersantes nas gasolinas brasileiras será obrigatória a partir de julho de 2015. É necessário, portanto, desenvolver uma metodologia que permita quantificar esses aditivos para verificar o cumprimento da lei. Neste trabalho, é proposto um método que associa a técnica do ring-oven com as imagens hiperespectrais no infravermelho próximo (NIR-HI). Como os aditivos são adicionados em baixas concentrações, a técnica do ring-oven foi empregada para concentrá-los previamente à análise por NIR-HI. Anéis foram produzidos a partir de amostras de gasolinas comum adicionadas dos aditivos (denominados G, T, W e Y) fornecidos pela Agência Nacional do Petróleo, Gás Natural e Biocombustíveis (ANP) e as imagens adquiridas utilizando uma câmera hiperespectral (SisuCHEMA). Três estratégias de extração dos espectros do anel foram testadas a fim de se escolher a mais rápida e objetiva. A estratégia escolhida se baseia nos histogramas dos escores da primeira componente principal das imagens analisadas individualmente. Modelos de calibração individuais para cada aditivo foram construídos empregando a regressão por mínimos quadrados parciais (PLS), por isso, fez-se necessária uma etapa prévia de classificação. O melhor resultado para classificação foi obtido empregando a análise discriminante linear (LDA) associada ao algoritmo genético (GA) para seleção de variáveis, o qual apresentou uma taxa de classificações corretas de 92,31 %. Observou-se que a maioria dos erros de classificação envolveram amostras dos aditivos G e W. Um único modelo de regressão para esses dois aditivos foi, então, construído e seu erro foi equivalente aos dos modelos individuais. Os modelos de regressão apresentaram erros médios de predição entre 2 e 15 %. Esses resultados mostram que a metodologia proposta pode ser utilizada para determinar as concentrações dos aditivos com confiabilidade e garantir que eles estão sendo adicionados conforme a lei.
The addition of detergent dispersant additives to Brazilian gasoline will be mandatory from July 2015. It is necessary, therefore, to develop a methodology that allows quantifying these additives to verify their compliance with the law. In this work, a method that associates the ring-oven technique with near infrared hyperspectral images (NIR-HI) is proposed. Because the additives are added in low concentrations, the ring-oven technique was employed to concentrate them prior to the NIR-HI analysis. Rings were produced from samples of gasolines without additives spiked with additives (called G, T, W and Y) provided by the National Agency of Petroleum, Natural Gas and Biofuels (ANP) and the images were acquired using a hyperspectral camera (SisuCHEMA). Three strategies for extraction of the ring spectra were tested in order to select the faster and most objective. The chosen strategy is based on the histograms of the first principal component scores of the images analyzed individually. Regression models were built for each additive using partial least squares (PLS) regression, so it was necessary to have a previous classification stage. The best classification result was obtained using the linear discriminant analysis (LDA) associated with the genetic algorithm (GA) for variable selection, which showed a correct classification rate of 92.31 %. It was observed that most of the misclassification errors involved the samples of the G and W additives. A single regression model was then built for these two additives and its error was equivalent to the errors of the individual models. The regression models showed average prediction errors between 2 and 15 %. These results show that the proposed methodology can be used to determine the additive concentrations with reliability and to ensure that they are been added according to the law.
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Watson, Jeffrey R., Summer Garland, and Marek Romanowski. "Intraoperative visualization of plasmon resonant liposomes using augmented microscopy." SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/625390.
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Plasmon resonance associated with nanoparticles of gold can enable photothermal ablation of tissues or controlled drug release with exquisite temporal and spatial control. These technologies may support many applications of precision medicine. However, clinical implementations of these technologies will require new methods of intraoperative imaging and guidance. Near-infrared laser surgery is a prime example that relies on improved image guidance. Here we set forth applications of augmented microscopy in guiding surgical procedures employing plasmon resonant gold-coated liposomes. Absorption of near-infrared laser light is the first step in activation of various diagnostic and therapeutic functions of these novel functional nanoparticles. Therefore, we demonstrate examples of near-infrared visualization of the laser beam and gold-coated liposomes. The augmented microscope proves to be a promisingimage guidance platform for a range of image-guided medical procedures.
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Breitkreitz, Márcia Cristina 1979. "Desenvolvimento e caracterização de formulações de fármacos pouco solúveis em água empregando espectroscopia de imagem e quimiometria." [s.n.], 2013. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/249322.
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Orientador: Ronei Jesus PoppiTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Química
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Resumo: Este trabalho teve como objetivo demonstrar como a espectroscopia NIR e Raman de imagem, juntamente com diversos métodos quimiométricos podem auxiliar a tomada de decisões durante o desenvolvimento farmacêutico de formulações de fármacos pouco solúveis em água, tendo como modelo a atorvastatina cálcica. Foram avaliados dois excipientes inovadores, o Gelucire® 44/14 e o Soluplus® que serviram de base para o desenvolvimento das formulações. O Gelucire® 44/14 foi utilizado para o preparo de dispersões sólidas pelos métodos da fusão e da evaporação do solvente e formulações do tipo SEDDS (Self-Emulsifying drug Delivery Sytems), enquanto o Soluplus® foi utilizado para o preparo de dispersões sólidas pelo método da evaporação do solvente. Nas dispersões preparadas pelo método da fusão foram observados aglomerados do fármaco, enquanto o método de evaporação do solvente apresentou melhor homogeneidade na distribuição dos componentes, porém a amostra se apresentou enrijecida após a secagem. Com as formulacoes SEDDS foi possível contornar estes problemas. Foram obtidas dispersões sólidas homogêneas de atorvastatina em Soluplus® utilizando etanol como solvente e lactose como diluente. As imagens foram geradas por calibração univariada, análise de componentes principais (PCA), regressão em mínimos quadrados clássicos (CLS) e regressão em mínimos quadrados parciais (PLS) e os resultados foram comparados. O método CLS foi estudado com mais detalhes devido às suas vantagens para utilização na pesquisa farmacêutica. Os principais fatores que levaram à problemas de exatidão com este método foram identificados e procedimentos para contorná-los foram apresentados e discutidos.
Abstract: The aim of this work was to demonstrate how NIR and Raman image spectroscopy associated with different chemometric methods can support decision making during pharmaceutical development of formulations of low water soluble drugs, using atorvastatin calcium as a model drug. Two innovative excipientes were used, Gelucire® 44/14 and Soluplus®. The former was used to prepare solid dispersions by both hot melt and solvent evaporation methods and to formulate Self Emulsifying Drug Delivery Systems (SEDDS). The latter was used to prepare solid dispersions by the solvent evaporation method. In solid dispersions prepared by the hot melt method it was observed lumps of the drug, whereas the solvent evaporation method presented more homogeneous distribution of the components, even though the sample became stiffened after drying. By preparing SEDDS formulations, it was possible to overcome these problems. A homogeneous solid dispersion of atorvastatin in Soluplus® was achieved by using ethanol as solvent and lactose as diluent. Chemical images were generated by univariate calibration, principal component analysis (PCA), classical least squares (CLS) and partial least squares (PLS). The capability of these methods to generate chemical images were compared. CLS method was studied more carefully due to its advantages for pharmaceutical research use. The main features that lead to accuracy issues were identified both in Raman and in NIR spectroscopy and procedures to overcome them were presented and discussed.
Doutorado
Quimica Analitica
Doutora em Ciências
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Delmas, Anthony. "Contribution à l'étude de l'effet mirage : application aux mesures dimensionnelle et thermique par caméras visible proche infrarouge." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2012. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/8958/1/delmas.pdf.
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L’Institut Clément Ader Albi (ICAA) et l’Institut von Karman (IVK) mènent depuis un certain nombre d’années des travaux sur la radiométrie IR dans le but de faire de la thermographie quantitative (mesure de température vraie sans contact). Ces travaux ont permis d’explorer les potentialités de plusieurs bandes spectrales : 8-12µm, 3-5µm et plus récemment la bande 0,75-1,7µm (proche IR) à l’aide de caméras CCD (Si) ou VisGaAs. Les travaux effectués dans ce domaine spectral ont permis de mettre en évidence un certains nombre de perturbations renforcées par les hautes températures(T>800°C). Cette thèse aborde de façon détaillée le traitement d’un certain nombre de grandeurs d’influence liées à la mesure de différents paramètres dans le domaine du proche IR mais également étendus aux domaines du visible et de l’IR. La première de ces grandeurs est l’émissivité dont le traitement a déjà été abordé par d’autres études. La seconde grandeur d’influence touche plus particulièrement à la localisation des points chauds sur l’objet et la distorsion du champ de température apportée par les effets convectifs présents autour d’un objet à haute température, elle est le coeur de cette thèse. En effet, lorsqu’une pièce chaude se trouve dans un milieu ambiant beaucoup plus froid, il se crée un gradient de température et donc d’indice de réfraction autour de la pièce. Or les caméras travaillant dans les différentes bandes spectrales vont être plus ou moins sensibles à ces variations d’indices de réfraction du fait de la dépendance de l’indice optique avec la longueur d’onde et de la résolution spatiale de la caméra utilisée. Ce phénomène, appelé effet mirage, entraîne inévitablement une déformation des informations spatiales reçues par la caméra. Le but de cette thèse a donc été d’estimer et de proposer une première approche pour corriger l’erreur faite sur la mesure de température et/ou de déformation faites par caméras sur des pièces chaudes. La démarche générale du travail a donc été dans un premier temps de calculer le champ de température autour de l’objet considéré en se ramenant d’abord à des cas simplifiés. On en a déduit alors le champ de réfraction entraînant une « déformation » de l’objet, en faisant le lien entre T et n. Cette étape correspond à l’approche numérique de notre étude. Cette étape numérique a été réalisé à l’aide d’un outil de lancer de rayons développée à l’ICA. L’approche expérimentale a consisté à l’utilisation de méthodes telle que la BOS (Background Oriented Schlieren), la PIV, la srtioscopie afin de déduire le champ de déplacements provoqué par le panache convectif. Ces résultats ont été comparés à la méthode numérique et ceci pour différentes longueurs d’ondes. Enfin, une stratégie de correction d’images perturbées a été abordé à l’aide de méthodes telles que la transformée d’Abel inverse afin de remonter au champ d’indice de réfraction 2D axisymétrique à partir d’une déformation plane.
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Li, Kefeng. "Biometric person identification using near-infrared hand-dorsa vein images." Thesis, University of Central Lancashire, 2013. http://clok.uclan.ac.uk/9238/.
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Biometric recognition is becoming more and more important with the increasing demand for security, and more usable with the improvement of computer vision as well as pattern recognition technologies. Hand vein patterns have been recognised as a good biometric measure for personal identification due to many excellent characteristics, such as uniqueness and stability, as well as difficulty to copy or forge. This thesis covers all the research and development aspects of a biometric person identification system based on near-infrared hand-dorsa vein images. Firstly, the design and realisation of an optimised vein image capture device is presented. In order to maximise the quality of the captured images with relatively low cost, the infrared illumination and imaging theory are discussed. Then a database containing 2040 images from 102 individuals, which were captured by this device, is introduced. Secondly, image analysis and the customised image pre-processing methods are discussed. The consistency of the database images is evaluated using mean squared error (MSE) and peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR). Geometrical pre-processing, including shearing correction and region of interest (ROI) extraction, is introduced to improve image consistency. Image noise is evaluated using total variance (TV) values. Grey-level pre-processing, including grey-level normalisation, filtering and adaptive histogram equalisation are applied to enhance vein patterns. Thirdly, a gradient-based image segmentation algorithm is compared with popular algorithms in references like Niblack and Threshold Image algorithm to demonstrate its effectiveness in vein pattern extraction. Post-processing methods including morphological filtering and thinning are also presented. Fourthly, feature extraction and recognition methods are investigated, with several new approaches based on keypoints and local binary patterns (LBP) proposed. Through comprehensive comparison with other approaches based on structure and texture features as well as performance evaluation using the database created with 2040 images, the proposed approach based on multi-scale partition LBP is shown to provide the best recognition performance with an identification rate of nearly 99%. Finally, the whole hand-dorsa vein identification system is presented with a user interface for administration of user information and for person identification.
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Quartel, John Conrad. "A study of near-field optical imaging using an infrared microscope." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.313413.
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Gofas, Salas Elena. "Manipulation of the illumination of an Adaptive Optics Flood Illumination Ophthalmoscope for functional imaging of the retina in-vivo High loop rate adaptive optics flood illumination ophthalmoscope with structured illumination capability In vivo near-infrared autofluorescence imaging of retinal pigment epithelial cells with 757 nm excitation." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUS195.
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L’œil étant la seule fenêtre optique transparente de notre corps, il donne un accès unique à l’observation de réseaux neuronaux et vasculaires. Mais aujourd’hui une nouvelle ère s’ouvre pour l’imagerie haute résolution, qui ne doit plus se contenter de donner accès aux structures des tissus, mais aussi d’en apprécier les fonctions. En effet, on peut trouver dans l’imagerie rétinienne des biomarqueurs du fonctionnement de l’ensemble du corps humain. Des maladies neurodégénératives (Parkinson,Alzheimer) ou l’hypertension artérielle pourraient être ainsi précocement diagnostiquées par une imagerie de haute précision de la rétine. L’optique adaptative, adaptée à l’imagerie rétinienne dès 1997, a amélioré nettement la résolution spatiale des images rétiniennes entraînant la multiplication des études de rétine par ophtalmoscope. Elle a notamment été couplée avec l’ophtalmoscope à balayage, qui devint le choix le plus populaire par sa supériorité en résolution spatiale et sectionnement optique par rapport au plein champ. Cependant, contrairement aux systèmes à balayage, l’ophtalmoscope plein champ produit des images grand champ à forte cadence d’acquisition et sans distorsion. Dans mon travail de thèse, j’ai cherché à montrer qu’un tel système, associé à des modalités d’imagerie jouant sur la géométrie d’éclairement, pourrait apporter à la recherche sur la rétine. Pour atteindre cet objectif ambitieux, nous avons modifié l’ophtalmoscope plein champ construit au Centre Hospitalier National des Quinze-Vingts avec un traitement d’image spécifique et deux nouveaux instruments inspirés de la microscopie plein champ. Nous avons intégré ces instruments dans le trajet d’illumination de l’ophtalmoscope afin de manipuler la géométrie de l’éclairage de la rétine. Ces nouvelles implémentations nous permettent de mettre en œuvre des techniques d’imagerie plus avancées, comme par exemple l’imagerie en champ sombre ou l’angiographie non invasive en proche infrarouge. Ces modalités d’imagerie ont été exploitées pour imager la rétine de façon fonctionnelle. Nous nous sommes intéressés principalement à la fonction de couplage de lumière des photorécepteurs et à la perfusion sanguineAs the only transparent optical window of our body, the eye gives a unique access to the observation of neural and vascular networks. Today however, a new era is opening up for high-resolution imaging, which should no longer be limited to giving access to tissue structures, but may also tackle their functions. In fact, biomarkers for the functioning of the whole human body can be found in retinal imaging. Neurodegenerative diseases (Parkinson's, Alzheimer's) or arterial hypertension could thus be diagnosed early by high precision imaging of the retina. In my thesis work, I intended to show how the full-field ophthalmoscope, associated to imaging modalities adjusting geometrical settings of the illumination, could contribute to research on the retina. To achieve this ambitious goal, we modified the full-field ophthalmoscope built at the National Hospital Center of Quinze-Vingts with a specific image processing and two new instruments inspired by full-field microscopy. We have integrated these instruments into the illumination path of the ophthalmoscope to manipulate the geometry of the retinal illumination. These new implementations allow us to make use of more advanced imaging techniques, such as dark field imaging or noninvasive near infrared angiography. These imaging modalities have been exploited to image the retina functionally. We focused mainly on the light coupling function of photoreceptors and on blood perfusion
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Lopez, Thomas. "Conception, fabrication et caractérisation de lentilles planaires nano-structurées dédiées aux capteurs d’images CMOS dans le proche-infrarouge." Thesis, Toulouse, ISAE, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ESAE0019/document.
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Ce travail porte sur la conception, la fabrication et la caractérisation de lentilles planaires nano-structurées dédiées aux capteurs d’images CMOS dans le proche-infrarouge. L’étude des applications et des systèmes d’imagerie optronique mis en jeu ont mis en évidence l’intérêt de l’utilisation des capteurs d’images CMOS dans la bande 800-1100 nm. Les inconvénients liés au silicium et à la structure du pixel justifient l’intégration de lentilles planaires nano-structurées compatibles avec le procédé de fabrication CMOS : une lentille plasmonique, une lentille diffractive métallique dite de Huygens, une lentille diélectrique dite de phase de Fresnel et une lentille à gradient d’indice effectif. Les simulationsélectromagnétiques 2D d’un pixel CMOS complet avec chaque lentille planaire ont démontré l’intérêt de la lentille métallique dans un pixel à faible facteur de remplissage et de la lentille de phase de Fresnel pour un pixel standard. Les simulations électromagnétiques 3D ont permis la conception de ces deux dernières lentilles pour leur fabrication tandis que la lentille à gradient d’indice effectif, susceptible d’approcher le profil de phase idéal, a montré son potentiel pour les pixels CMOS. La caractérisation électro-optique a mis en évidence la performance expérimentale de la lentille de phase de Fresnel fabriquée en "post-process" au LPN-CNRS et de la lentille de Huygens fabriquée "in-process" en fonderie CMOS. Les nombreuses perspectives de ce travail liés à la fabrication et à la marge de progression des lentilles ont été exploréesThis work deals with the design, fabrication and characterization of nanostructuredplanar lenses dedicated to near infrared detection for CMOS image sensors.Applications and optronic systems involved in near infrared imaging have been investigatedin order to highlight the strong interest of CMOS images sensors for the 800-1100 nmspectral band. Limitations of silicon and pixel structure explain the integration of nanostructuredplanar lenses compatible with CMOS fabrication process : a plasmonic lens, a dielectricphase-Fresnel lens, a metallic Huygens lens and a gradient-index lens. 2D electromagneticsimulations of a CMOS pixel with each planar lens have demonstrated the good performanceof the Huygens lens for low fill factor pixels and the phase-Fresnel lens for standard pixels.3D simulations of these lenses have been performed for their integration and fabrication inCMOS image sensors. The 3D design by numerical simulations of a gradient-index lens hasshown its potential interest for CMOS pixels. The experimental performance of a dielectriclens "post-process" integrated/fabricated at LPN-CNRS and a metallic lens "in-process" by aCMOS foundy have been evaluated by electro-optical characterization. Several perspectivesof this work about lens fabrication and potential for improvement have been explored
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Rameau, Julien, Katherine B. Follette, Laurent Pueyo, Christian Marois, Bruce Macintosh, Maxwell Millar-Blanchaer, Jason J. Wang, et al. "An Optical/Near-infrared Investigation of HD 100546 b with the Gemini Planet Imager and MagAO." IOP PUBLISHING LTD, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/624214.
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We present H band spectroscopic and H alpha photometric observations of HD 100546 obtained with the Gemini Planet Imager and the Magellan Visible AO camera. We detect H band emission at the location of the protoplanet HD 100546 b, but show that the choice of data processing parameters strongly affects the morphology of this source. It appears point-like in some aggressive reductions, but rejoins an extended disk structure in the majority of the others. Furthermore, we demonstrate that this emission appears stationary on a timescale of 4.6 years, inconsistent at the 2 sigma level with a Keplerian clockwise orbit at 59 au in the disk plane. The H band spectrum of the emission is inconsistent with any type of low effective temperature object or accreting protoplanetary disk. It strongly suggests a scattered-light origin, as this is consistent with the spectrum of the star and the spectra extracted at other locations in the disk. A nondetection at the 5 sigma level of HD 100546 b in differential H alpha imaging places an upper limit, assuming the protoplanet lies in a gap free of extinction, on the accretion luminosity of 1.7 x 10(-4) L-circle dot and M(M) over dot < 6.3 x 10(-7) M-Jup(2) yr(-1) for 1 R-Jup. These limits are comparable to the accretion luminosity and accretion rate of T-Tauri stars or LkCa 15 b. Taken together, these lines of evidence suggest that the H band source at the location of HD 100546 b is not emitted by a planetary photosphere or an accreting circumplanetary disk but is a disk feature enhanced by the point-spread function subtraction process. This non-detection is consistent with the non-detection in the K. band reported in an earlier study but does not exclude the possibility that HD 100546 b is deeply embedded.
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Erickson, Sarah J. "Clinical Translation of a Novel Hand-held Optical Imager for Breast Cancer Diagnosis." FIU Digital Commons, 2011. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/407.
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Optical imaging is an emerging technology towards non-invasive breast cancer diagnostics. In recent years, portable and patient comfortable hand-held optical imagers are developed towards two-dimensional (2D) tumor detections. However, these imagers are not capable of three-dimensional (3D) tomography because they cannot register the positional information of the hand-held probe onto the imaged tissue. A hand-held optical imager has been developed in our Optical Imaging Laboratory with 3D tomography capabilities, as demonstrated from tissue phantom studies. The overall goal of my dissertation is towards the translation of our imager to the clinical setting for 3D tomographic imaging in human breast tissues. A systematic experimental approach was designed and executed as follows: (i) fast 2D imaging, (ii) coregistered imaging, and (iii) 3D tomographic imaging studies. (i) Fast 2D imaging was initially demonstrated in tissue phantoms (1% Liposyn solution) and in vitro (minced chicken breast and 1% Liposyn). A 0.45 cm3 fluorescent target at 1:0 contrast ratio was detectable up to 2.5 cm deep. Fast 2D imaging experiments performed in vivo with healthy female subjects also detected a 0.45 cm3 fluorescent target superficially placed ~2.5 cm under the breast tissue. (ii) Coregistered imaging was automated and validated in phantoms with ~0.19 cm error in the probe’s positional information. Coregistration also improved the target depth detection to 3.5 cm, from multi-location imaging approach. Coregistered imaging was further validated in-vivo, although the error in probe’s positional information increased to ~0.9 cm (subject to soft tissue deformation and movement). (iii) Three-dimensional tomography studies were successfully demonstrated in vitro using 0.45 cm3 fluorescence targets. The feasibility of 3D tomography was demonstrated for the first time in breast tissues using the hand-held optical imager, wherein a 0.45 cm3 fluorescent target (superficially placed) was recovered along with artifacts. Diffuse optical imaging studies were performed in two breast cancer patients with invasive ductal carcinoma. The images showed greater absorption at the tumor cites (as observed from x-ray mammography, ultrasound, and/or MRI). In summary, my dissertation demonstrated the potential of a hand-held optical imager towards 2D breast tumor detection and 3D breast tomography, holding a promise for extensive clinical translational efforts.
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Joblin, Anthony. "Resolution and contrast of a time domain transillumination breast imaging system." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 1998.
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Vidas, Dario. "Performance Evaluation of Stereo Reconstruction Algorithms on NIR Images." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för datavetenskap och kommunikation (CSC), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-191148.
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Stereo vision is one of the most active research areas in computer vision. While hundreds of stereo reconstruction algorithms have been developed, little work has been done on the evaluation of such algorithms and almost none on evaluation on Near-Infrared (NIR) images. Of almost a hundred examined, we selected a set of 15 stereo algorithms, mostly with real-time performance, which were then categorized and evaluated on several NIR image datasets, including single stereo pair and stream datasets. The accuracy and run time of each algorithm are measured and compared, giving an insight into which categories of algorithms perform best on NIR images and which algorithms may be candidates for real-time applications. Our comparison indicates that adaptive support-weight and belief propagation algorithms have the highest accuracy of all fast methods, but also longer run times (2-3 seconds). On the other hand, faster algorithms (that achieve 30 or more fps on a single thread) usually perform an order of magnitude worse when measuring the per-centage of incorrectly computed pixels.
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Carneiro, Renato Lajarim. "Metodos quimiometricos aplicados a analise de medicamentos por espectroscopia de imagens." [s.n.], 2010. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/249316.
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Orientador: Ronei Jesus PoppiTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Quimica
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Resumo: Foram estudadas metodologias quimiométricas para análises exploratórias e quantitativas de preparações farmacêuticas utilizando a técnica de espectroscopia de imagens na região do infravermelho próximo (NIR) e início do infravermelho médio (MIR). Foram realizadas três aplicações como segue: 1ª Análise exploratória para diagnosticar separações de fases em um medicamento apresentado na forma de pomada. Foram utilizados os métodos de Análise das Componentes Principais (PCA) e Resolução Multivariada de Curvas ¿ Quadrados Mínimos Alternados (MCR-ALS). Foi possível constatar que o solvente do princípio ativo (API) não formava uma fase estável com o veículo utilizado, ocorrendo separação de fases; 2ª Análise exploratória para diagnosticar formação de cristais em um medicamento apresentado na forma de creme (emulsão). Foram utilizados os métodos PCA e MCR-ALS. Foi observada a cristalização do API com o solvente utilizado; 3ª Determinação da distribuição superficial do princípio ativo e excipientes em comprimidos, avaliando a homogeneidade da amostra. Foram utilizados modelos PCA para análise exploratória e modelos Quadrados Mínimos Parciais por Intervalos (iPLS) para quantificação. Os mapas de concentração mostraram que o medicamento em questão era homogêneo com exceção de alguns cristais presentes. De maneira geral, a técnica de espectroscopia de imagens mostrou grande potencial na determinação da homogeneidade de fármacos, gerando resultados que podem ser interpretados visualmente através dos mapas de absorção, escores ou de concentração.
Abstract: Chemometric methods were studied for exploratory and quantitative analysis of pharmaceutical preparations using near and mid infrared (NIR and MIR) imaging spectroscopy. Three applications were accomplished as follows: 1st Exploratory analysis to diagnose phase separation in a ointment formulation. It was used Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Multivariate Curve Resolution - Alternating Least Squares (MCR-ALS) methods. Phase separation was observed between ointment base (vehicle) and solvent of the active ingredient (API); 2nd Exploratory analysis to diagnose crystallization process in a cream (emulsion). It was used PCA and MCR-ALS methods. Crystallization was observed after stability period due precipitation of a API salt; 3rd Determination of superficial distribution of the API and excipients in tablets in order to evaluate sample homogeneity. PCA models were used for exploratory analysis and Interval Partial Least Squares (iPLS) model was applied for API and excipient quantification. Concentration maps of tablets showed good API and excipient homogeneity, except for a few large crystals. These applications showed that imaging spectroscopy is a powerful tool for homogeneity studies of pharmaceutical preparations. Results of three applications could be visually interpreted through absorption, score and concentration maps.
Doutorado
Quimica Analitica
Doutor em Ciências
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Silva, Carlos Juliano da 1985. "Comparação entre reflectância difusa convencional e imagem hiperespectral na região do infravermelho próximo para determinação de viscosidade Mooney e plasticidade Wallace em borracha natural." [s.n.], 2014. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/249951.
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Orientador: Celio PasquiniDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Química
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Resumo: No presente trabalho foi feita uma comparação entre as técnicas de reflectância difusa convencional e imagem hiperespectral na região do infravermelho próximo para determinação de viscosidade Mooney (VM), plasticidade inicial (Po), plasticidade após envelhecimento acelerado (P30) e Índice de Retenção de Plasticidade (PRI) em amostras de borracha natural pré-vulcanizadas. Os espectros foram adquiridos utilizando dois espectrofotômetros com transformada de Fourier e uma câmera hiperespectral e os valores de referência determinados de acordo com suas respectivas normas ASTM. Foram construídos modelos de regressão PLS e os seus respectivos valores de erro médio quadrático da previsão (RMSEP) avaliados. Como resultados, foi possível observar um ganho na capacidade preditiva dos modelos PLS com o aumento da área medida de cada amostra. Os modelos obtidos por ambos os pré-processamentos (MSC e derivada de segunda ordem) não apresentaram diferenças significativas quanto às suas capacidades preditivas, ao passo que a seleção de variáveis usando o método Jack-Knife possibilitou a obtenção de modelos com menor número de fatores. Os valores de RMSEP dos modelos otimizados foram de 4,6; 2,9; 3,0 e 5,3 para a determinação da VM, Po, P30 e PRI. Embora os resultados para os três instrumentos possam ser considerados equivalentes, o uso da câmera hiperespectral apresenta algumas vantagens, tais como: tempo de aquisição espectral aproximadamente seis vezes menor quando comparada aos equipamentos convencionais e maior robustez para determinação da viscosidade e plasticidade na presença de contaminantes
Abstract: In this work a comparison between conventional diffuse reflectance (FT-NIR) and hyperspectral image (HI-NIR) in the Near-Infrared region for determination of Mooney viscosity (VM), initial Plasticity (Po), plasticity after accelerated aging and plasticity retention index (PRI) in pre-vulcanized rubber samples was made. The spectra were acquired by using two Conventional Fourier Transform Spectrometer and one hyperspectral camera. The reference values of the rheological parameters were determined according to their respective ASTM standards. Partial least squares (PLS) regression models were constructed and their respective root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) were evaluated. As results, it was possible to observe a gain in the prediction ability of the PLS models with increasing probed area. The models obtained for both pretreatments (MSC and second derivative) showed no significant differences. However, the variables selection using the Jack-Knife method allowed to obtain models with a low number of factors. The RMSEP values of the optimized models were 4.6, 2.9, 3.0 and 5.3 for determination of MV, Po, P30 and PRI, respectively. Though the results for the three instruments can be considered equivalent, the hyperspectral image instrument presents some relevant advantages, being about six times faster than most of conventional bulk spectrometers, and producing robust spectral data by ensuring sample representativeness, and minimizing the degrading effect of the presence of contaminants
Mestrado
Quimica Analitica
Mestre em Química
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Gonzalez, Jean. "Development and Testing of a Second Generation Hand-held Optical Imager." FIU Digital Commons, 2012. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/596.
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Hand-held optical imagers are developed towards clinical breast cancer imaging. Herein, a Gen-2 hand-held optical imager has been developed with unique features: (i) image curved breast tissues with ~86% surface contact, and (ii) perform reflectance and transillumination imaging using the novel forked probe heads. Extensive phantom studies were performed using 1% Liposyn solution (background, ~ 300 ml and 1000 ml volumes) and 0.45 cc India Ink (absorption) targets, under different target:background contrast ratios and target depths. Two-dimensional surface images detected target(s) up to 2.5 cm deep via reflectance imaging, and up to 5 cm deep via transillumination imaging. Preliminary studies on gel-based breast phantoms (~700 ml) detected targets via reflectance and transillumination imaging. Preliminary in-vivo reflectance studies on normal and cancerous breast tissues also detected targets, although with artifacts. In future, the portable Gen-2 imager has potential for clinical breast imaging via reflectance and transillumination approach after extensive in-vivo studies.
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Carter, John. "Étude des minéraux hydratés à la surface de Mars par les imageurs hyperspectraux OMEGA/MEx et CRISM/MRO." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00657804.
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La planète Mars a connu une période où l'eau liquide était durablement stable. Outre les vestiges morphologiques d'une activité hydrologique en surface, l'interaction chimique de l'eau avec la croûte basaltique s'est traduite par la formation d'argiles et de sels hydratés en surface et en profondeur. Ces minéraux hydratés ont été détectés à la surface de Mars en 2004 grâce à l'instrument OMEGA, l'imageur hyperspectral infrarouge proche embarqué sur la sonde européenne Mars Express. Leur étude permet de reconstruire l'histoire de l'activité aqueuse sur Mars et de caractériser une période ancienne où l'environnement a pu être favorable à l'apparition d'une chimie pré-biotique. Ce travail de thèse s'intéresse aux environnements aqueux de Mars en couplant les données minéralogiques des imageurs hyperspectraux embarqués OMEGA/Mars Express et CRISM/Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter avec la morphologie. De nouveaux outils de traitement et d'analyse des données sont développés et ont permis la détection et la caractérisation spectrale de plus d'un millier de dépôts de minéraux hydratés sur Mars, fournissant une vue d'ensemble de l'altération. Celle-ci a eu lieu principalement dans la première partie du Noachien et a surtout formé des phyllosilicates ferro-magnésiens de la famille des vermiculites et smectites. Une importante diversité minérale est par ailleurs constatée avec une dizaine de familles minérales différentes, traçants des conditions géo-chimiques variées. Placés dans leur contexte géologique, certaines détections permettent de proposer l'existence passée d'un système hydrologique sur l'ensemble de la planète qui a donné naissance à un cycle des argiles similaire au cycle terrestre. Il apparait par ailleurs que les cratères d'impact sont le contexte privilégié des minéraux hydratés, mais le lien entre ces derniers et les processus d'impact demeure ambigu. La découverte d'un cycle des argiles est compatible avec l'hypothèse d'une planète potentiellement habitable au Noachien mais qui devra être vérifiée par l'exploration in-situ.
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Su, Jang-Shang, and 蘇正翔. "Near Infrared Image for Rice Quality Inspection." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/52837321113072640362.
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碩士國立臺灣大學
生物產業機電工程學研究所
91
The objective of this research was to study the feasibility of applying near-infrared multiple-spectral imaging system to detect milled rice quality. Eight near-infrared filters of different wavelengths (880, 910, 920, 940, 960, 980, 990, and 1014nm) were adopted. Rice qualities including moisture, protein, and amylose were measured from twenty-six rice samples collected from domestic markets. The multiple linear regression analysis among rice qualities and multi-wavelength reflection data (packed rice) indicated that regression coefficients of determination R2 , standard errors of calibration (SEC) and relative standard errors of calibration (RSEC) were respectively 0.8512, 0.3089(% d.b.) and 1.90% for moisture; 0.6077, 0.451(% d.b.), and 5.43% for protein; and 0.6333, 2.954(% d.b.), and 15.61% for amylose. The multiple linear regression analysis among rice qualities (separated rice) and multi-wavelength reflection data (individual rice kernels) indicated that regression coefficients of determination R2 , standard errors of calibration (SEC) and relative standard errors of calibration (RSEC) were respectively 0.5249, 0.492(% d.b.) and 2.98% for moisture; 0.532, 0.5065(% d.b.), and 6.16% for protein; and 0.6413, 3.01(% d.b.), and 14.95 for amylose. The near-infrared multiple-spectral imaging system developed in this study reveals the potential of sorting rice according to rice qualities in a rice plant processing line.
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洪佳君. "A Novel Near-Infrared Image Analysis Technology for Blood Oxygen Saturation Measurement." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/65092614684191570923.
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碩士國立彰化師範大學
機電工程學系
98
Based on the Beer-Lambert's analysis model, the commercial Pulse Oximeter senses the optical reflection or refraction to provide simply point signal. In this research report, a novel algorithms of optical image correction of the blood oxygen saturation is proposed. However, reflection images technique can present arterial oxygen saturation by pulse oximeter (SpO2) of non-invasive and non-contact and region information. We use the charge-coupled device (CCD) camera to receive the images. The system adopts 630nm red and 940nm near-infrared wavelengths to derive the tissue blood oxygen saturation and investigate their correlation. According to the experimental results, it proves the feasibility of measuring blood oxygen saturation by iris and hand tissue low oxygen approach, while variations trends are the same. Moreover, after adjustment measurement value average deviation reaches around 0.02% could be developed to provide more tissue information for research and medical uses in the future.
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Lee, Sheng Ming, and 李盛銘. "Determination of Rice Varieties by using Near-Infrared and Image Processing Technique." Thesis, 1998. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/91498618781195736832.
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Chen, Chun-Shen, and 陳春生. "Applications of Near Infrared Image Process Technique in the Alignment of GaAs Wafer." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/87320264256675677439.
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碩士元智大學
機械工程學系
93
For the current GaAs wafer processing such as dicing, die bonding, Filp-Chip bonding and inspection after assembly, all need the precision positioning of the wafer. Because it is unable to see through the wafer surface to detect the inside circuit for the alignment directly, it is relatively poor and indirect in the precision when using outer alignment marks. The study will apply the near infrared ray (NIR Alignment) alignment technique to improve the current positioning method in those non-through holes and non-transparent materials such as the GaAs wafer. By utilizing this technique can have much better accuracy and shorten the alignment time. For the experiment, it uses a near infrared with the wavelength greater than 886 nm and a general CCD (wavelength is 400~1000nm), together with a NIR-Lens (wavelength is 400~1200nm) and the infrared light source (wavelength is 800~1300nm) to see through the smooth side of GaAs wafer surface. It is able to detect the circuit inside the wafer. The resulting images are then fitted into the self-developed software for the processing. A user -friendly interface is designed in the software so that the system is easy to operate in the wafer position alignment. The software is developed with the Borland C ++ 6 tool and combined with the application of Matrox Imaging Library 7.0. The program is designed to have similar functions and interfaces as what the general commerce software has. For the hardware setups, the study surveys many of the CCD and Lenses capable of handling the infrared. And do trial tests with the GaAs wafer to obtain the best-fit system. It is then finalized to use in the alignment test. The alignment technique described in the study uses the circuit image inside the wafer directly for the positioning, it is considered as a very efficient and better method in the application of GaAs wafer equipments that need precision positioning.
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Bhatt, Manish. "Toward Computationally Efficient Models for Near-infrared and Photoacoustic Tomographic Imaging." Thesis, 2016. http://etd.iisc.ernet.in/handle/2005/2831.
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Near Infrared (NIR) and Photoacoustic (PA) Imaging are promising imaging modalities that provides functional information of the soft biological tissues in-vivo, with applica-tions in breast and brain tissue imaging. These techniques use near infrared light in the wavelength range of (600 nm - 900 nm), giving an advantage of being non-ionizing imaging modality. This makes the prolong bed-side monitoring of tissue feasible, making them highly desirable medical imaging modalities in the clinic. The computation models that are deployed in these imaging scenarios are computationally demanding and often require a high performance computing systems to deploy them in real-time. This the-sis presents three computationally e cient models for near-infrared and photoacoustic imaging, without compromising the quality of measured functional properties, to make them more appealing in clinical scenarios.
The attenuation of near-infrared (NIR) light intensity as it propagates in a turbid medium like biological tissue is described by modi ed the BeerLambert law (MBLL). The MBLL is generally used to quantify the changes in tissue chromophore concen-trations for NIR spectroscopic data analysis. Even though MBLL is e ective in terms of providing qualitative comparison, it su ers from its applicability across tissue types and tissue dimensions. A Lambert-W function-based modeling for light propagation in biological tissues is proposed and introduced, which is a generalized version of the Beer-Lambert model. The proposed modeling provides parametrization of tissue properties, which includes two attenuation coe cients o and . The model is validated against the Monte Carlo simulation, which is the gold standard for modeling NIR light propagation in biological tissue. Numerous human and animal tissues are included to validate the proposed empirical model, including an inhomogeneous adult human head model. The proposed model, which has a closed form (analytical), is rst of its kind in providing accurate modeling of NIR light propagation in biological tissues.
Model based image reconstruction techniques yield better quantitative accuracy in photoacoustic (PA) image reconstruction, especially in limited data cases. An exponen-tial ltering of singular values is proposed for carrying out the image reconstruction in photoacoustic tomography. The results were compared with widely popular Tikhonov regularization, time reversal, and the state of the art least-squares QR based reconstruc-tion algorithms for three digital phantom cases with varying signal-to-noise ratios of data. The exponential ltering provided superior photoacoustic images of better quanti-tative accuracy. Moreover, the proposed ltering approach was observed to be less biased towards regularization parameter and did not come with any additional computational burden as it was implemented within the Tikhonov ltering framework. It was also shown that the standard Tikhonov ltering becomes an approximation to the proposed exponential ltering.
The model based image reconstruction techniques for photoacoustic tomography re-quire an explicit regularization. An error estimate minimization based approach was proposed and developed for the determination of regularization parameter for PA imag-ing. The regularization was used within Lanczos bidiagonalization framework, which provides the advantage of dimensionality reduction for a large system of equations. The proposed method was computationally faster than the state of the art techniques and provided similar performance in terms of quantitative accuracy in reconstructed im-ages.The estimate can also be utilized in determining suitable regularization parameter for other popular techniques such as Tikhonov,exponential ltering and `1 norm based regularization methods.
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Shaw, Calbvin B. "Development of Novel Reconstruction Methods Based on l1--Minimization for Near Infrared Diffuse Optical Tomography." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2005/3229.
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Diffuse optical tomography uses near infrared (NIR) light as the probing media to recover the distributions of tissue optical properties. It has a potential to become an adjunct imaging modality for breast and brain imaging, that is capable of providing functional information of the tissue under investigation. As NIR light propagation in the tissue is dominated by scattering, the image reconstruction problem (inverse problem) tends to be non-linear and ill-posed, requiring usage of advanced computational methods to compensate this.
Traditional image reconstruction methods in diffuse optical tomography employ l2 –norm based regularization, which is known to remove high frequency noises in the re-constructed images and make them appear smooth. The recovered contrast in the reconstructed image in these type of methods are typically dependent on the iterative nature of the method employed, in which the non-linear iterative technique is known to perform better in comparison to linear techniques. The usage of non-linear iterative techniques in the real-time, especially in dynamical imaging, becomes prohibitive due to the computational complexity associated with them.
In the rapid dynamic diffuse optical imaging, assumption of a linear dependency in the solutions between successive frames results in a linear inverse problem. This new frame work along with the l1–norm based regularization can provide better robustness to noise and results in a better contrast recovery compared to conventional l2 –based techniques. Moreover, it is shown that the proposed l1-based technique is computationally efficient compared to its counterpart(l2 –based one). The proposed framework requires a reasonably close estimate of the actual solution for the initial frame and any suboptimal estimate leads to erroneous reconstruction results for the subsequent frames.
Modern diffuse optical imaging systems are multi-modal in nature, where diffuse optical imaging is combined with traditional imaging modalities such as MRI, CT, and Ultrasound. A novel approach that can more effectively use the structural information provided by the traditional imaging modalities in these scenarios is introduced, which is based on prior image constrained- l1 minimization scheme. This method has been motivated by the recent progress in the sparse image reconstruction techniques. It is shown that the- l1 based frame work is more effective in terms of localizing the tumor region and recovering the optical property values both in numerical and gelatin phantom cases compared to the traditional methods that use structural information.
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Lin, Chao-chun, and 林昭俊. "Research that near infrared ray diffraction technology in the cell-phone camera focus adjustable and image evaluation." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/32835138138249410622.
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碩士逢甲大學
資訊電機工程碩士在職專班
95
This paper demonstrates a new optical technique in which we apply the moire pattern theory to adjust the focal length of cell-phone camera. To increase the production capacity and reduce the cost of production of cell-phone camera, we develop a new adjustable focus system with this new technique. This method can test the resolution of cell-phone camera reaching 1.3 million pixels.
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Price, Dennis Michael. "Augmentation of near-infrared (NIR) and in-plant beef video image analysis (VIA) systems to sort carcasses into tenderness categories." 2008. http://digital.library.okstate.edu/etd/umi-okstate-2652.pdf.
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You, Cian, and 游鈐. "Analysis of Image and Spectrum Properties on Skin Cells by Mirau-based Full-field Optical Coherence Tomography Combined with Near-infrared Raman Spectroscopy." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/wpqjq6.
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碩士國立臺灣大學
光電工程學研究所
107
Mirau-based full-field optical coherence tomography (FF-OCT) has many advantages such as high resolution, low vibration noise, and good dispersion compensation. Thus it can observe the morphology and intensity distribution of the sample but not its chemical component. Near-infrared (NIR) Raman spectroscopy can recognize the chemical institution of the sample with the advantages of low fluorescent effect and deep penetration, but not its microstructure. Therefore, measuring the five skin in vitro cell lines, including Keratinocyte cell lines, Basal cell carcinoma cell lines, Squamous cell carcinoma cell lines, Melanocyte cell and Melanoma cell lines, through combining both two techniques can acquire the microstructure, intensity distribution and chemical molecular information inside cells. Then in order to increase the accuracy and speed of the judgment in the clinical application, we use the ensemble learning algorithm of machine learning to calculate and classify them. In the in vitro experiments, the FF-OCT three-dimensional (3D) images of the five skin cell lines show the obvious protrusion on the surface of cancerous cells, that may relate to the aggressiveness of cell. And due to the smoother surface and more homogeneous internal space of the normal keratinocyte cell lines, they have lower average intensity. We utilized software to semi-automatically capture totally 283 different cells’ 3D information, including volume, compactness, surface roughness, internal average intensity, and internal intensity standard deviation. The results imply the last three features can be great parameters to distinguish between cancerous and normal cells, and the internal average intensity can be used to classify the normal melanocyte cell and keratinocyte cell. The features included compactness and volume can also distinguish different cancerous cells, but the standard deviation of these two features is too large, thus they can not be excellent indicators for classification. As a result, it needs combining the Raman spectroscopy. On the Raman spectrum of different in vitro skin cell lines, they indicate the standard deviation of the Raman spectrum from normal cells is larger than ones from cancerous cells, that may due to the biological characteristics of normal cells, that is to say, normal cells have larger variation because the cancerous cells reproduce them within one species. On the other hand, the standard deviation of Raman spectrum form cancerous cells is smaller, and also these Raman spectrums are seemingly corresponding with the literature. We can successfully classify the melanoma cells with keratinocyte-based cancerous cells / the basal cell carcinoma cells with the squamous cell carcinoma cells by six peaks and four bands (Peaks: 746, 780, 857, 1024, 1063, 1209 cm-1; Bands: 925-946, 990-1010, 1088-1130, 1281-1302 cm-1) / seven peaks and three bands (Peaks: 854, 898, 1064, 1158, 1191, 1233, 1452 cm-1; Bands: 923-946, 1007-1028, 1291-1336 cm-1) in the Raman spectrum of 600-2000 cm-1. Consequently, the classification of Raman spectrums on cancerous cells has better performance. Eventually, we employ the ensemble learning form machine learning to classify them, which also verify the above results. Decision tree method in ensemble learning has better-classified results generally. The accuracy can reach 85.9% on distinguishing normal and cancerous cell by FF-OCT features. Also, these features can distinguish every species of normal skin cell. Then Raman spectrums can completely classify three kinds of cancerous skin cell. Therefore, these techniques can distinguish these five normal and cancerous skin cell-lines very accurately and fast. And it shows the method of integrating FF-OCT, NIR Raman spectroscopy and ensemble learning can be an important diagnostic tool and direction for clinical research and application.
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Pimenta, António José Gonçalves. "Visão Hiperespectral em Contexto Vitivinícola." Master's thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10348/668.
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Dissertação de Mestrado em Engenharia Electrotécnica e de ComputadoresAcompanhando a inovação tecnológica, surgem a cada dia, novas formas de análise de elementos biológicos que permitem obter a mais variada informação para diversos fins. A utilização de imagem hiperespectral na produção vitivinícola tem suscitado interesse na comunidade científica. A sua aplicação envolve metodologias cujos resultados se apresentam de uma forma mais objectiva, consistente e económica. É uma técnica que apresenta vantagens face à imagem multiespectral e que permite ainda o desenvolvimento de técnicas de análise ambientalmente sustentável. Nesta dissertação utilizaram-se espectros de reflectância através de imagens hiperespectrais retiradas a 45 amostras de uva da casta Cabernet Sauvignon, que foram posteriormente utilizados como dados numa rede neuronal. O principal objectivo é obter um coeficiente de correlação entre os dados obtidos em laboratório e os resultados da rede neuronal. Ao longo da presente dissertação são descritas diversas temáticas que envolvem a criação de redes neuronais com diferentes algoritmos procurando encontrar aquele que produz o melhor coeficiente de correlação. Assim, este estudo centra-se na aplicação de novas tecnologias de análise da qualidade da uva para a produção do vinho, factor determinante para a qualidade do produto final.
Along with technological innovation, come out every day, new ways to analyze the biological elements that help get more varied information for various purposes. The use of hyperspectral imaging for wine production has sparked interest in the scientific community. Their implementation involves methodologies whose results are presented in a more objective, consistent and economical. This technique has advantages over multispectral image and will also develop techniques for analyzing environmentally sustainable. In this work we used reflectance spectra using hyperspectral images taken from the 45 samples of grapes from Cabernet Sauvignon, which were used as data in a neural network. The main objective is to obtain a correlation coefficient between the data obtained in the laboratory and the results of the neural network. Throughout this paper describes several issues that involve the creation of neural networks with different algorithms trying to find one that produces the best correlation coefficient. This study focuses on the application of new technologies for analyzing the quality of grapes for wine production, major factor in the quality of the final product.
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Lu, Jhih Syun, and 盧致勳. "Removing glasses from near-infrared images of human face." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/97211859652872659219.
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Silva, Pedro Nuno Rodrigues da. "Influence of near-infrared images in the object detection task." Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1822/64267.
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Dissertação de mestrado em Computer Science EngineeringWith the rise of data, the creation of algorithms capable of using that data is an evolution that appears naturally. Taking advantage of those algorithms, impressive advances have been made in the ability for a computer to recognize objects. Nevertheless, even after all those advances, further ones can still be achieved. With the reduction of infrared cameras prices and at the same time the increase in the picture quality of those same cameras, they are becoming reliable solutions for commercial applications. These images provide an all new kind of information that is not available with the use of only the traditional visible light images. As such, in this work, it is tested if the additional usage of infrared images, in complement with the visible image, has any kind of influence in the results for object detection for different levels of illumination, in the interior of a vehicle. In order to test this influence, several tests are done in equivalent conditions and the results between using infrared images and visible light images compared. In addition to that, there were also experiments done in the usage of both types of images at the same time as a way to improve detection. It was also documented the influence of some more traditional modifications over the images of the training set, such as data augmentation and changes in the number of classes. To keep the results of the experiments as comparable as possible, a training methodology was planned and used in all of the training processes of the algorithms.
Com o aumento da quantidade de dados, a criação de algoritmos capazes de os utilizar é uma evolução que surge com naturalidade Tirando partido desses algoritmos, foram feitos avanços impressionantes na capacidade de reconhecimento de objetos por parte dos computadores. Mesmo com todos esses avanços ainda existe grande capacidade para melhorar. Tendo os preços das câmaras de infravermelhos diminuído ao mesmo tempo que a qualidade de imagem dessas mesmas câmaras aumentado, elas têm atraído atenção como soluções comercialmente válidas. Estas imagens proporcionam todo um novo tipo de informação que não é disponibilizada através de a utilização individual de imagens visíveis tradicionais. Como tal vai ser testado se a utilização adicional das imagens de infravermelhos têm influencia nos resultados apresentados na deteção de objetos para diferentes níveis de iluminação, no interior de um automóvel. De modo a testar esta influência são realizados vários testes em condições equivalentes e comparados os resultados obtidos entre a utilização de imagens infravermelhos e a utilização de imagens visíveis. Para além disso são também feitas experiências na utilização de ambos os tipos de imagens ao mesmo tempo como forma de melhorar a deteção. Para além das experiências em ambos os espetros foram documentados também a influência de algumas modificações mais tradicionais sobre as imagens de treino, tais como o aumento de dados e alteração de número de classes. Para manter os resultados das experiências o mais fidedignos possível de modo a comparar os resultados entre elas uma metodologia de treino foi utilizada em todos os treinos de algoritmos.
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Chien, William Hsuan-Yu, and 錢軒宇. "Estimation of Diffusion of Near-shore Heated Water Discharge Using UAV Thermal Infrared Images." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/kq63wj.
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碩士國立臺灣海洋大學
河海工程學系
107
With the development of social and economic conditions, electricity has become an indispensable source of energy for people's daily lives. In response to the increasing demand for electricity, existing power plants have gradually moved to reconstruction or expansion. Due to the current mainstream power generation mode, whether using coal-fired or nuclear power generator sets, there is a problem that the generator set needs to be cooled. Therefore, the power plants are mostly located in the coastal areas where a large number of water sources can be easily obtained. In order to avoid the direct impact of heated water discharge on the ecological environment, understanding the influence of warm water drainage on the nearby sea area and finding out its diffusion mechanism is an important issue in the marine ecological environment. The research on field surveying of sea temperature change is more based on the Eulerian type. The instruments used for fixed-point observation are costly and difficult to maintain. The cost of observation work is expensive, and only a single point of data can be obtained, and it`s hardly possible to observe comprehensively on the temperature distribution of the sea area . This study explores the application of thermal infrared temperature imaging technology, in conjunction with UAV in the sea area around the heated water discharge of Ho-Ping sea area for UAV thermal infrared images photography operations. According to the results, it takes only 15 minutes for a single operation time to make multiple observations in one tidal period, and analyze the difference between the rising and falling tides for temperature and the diffusion of near-shore heated water discharge to comprehend the sea surface temperature distribution.
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Rost, Steffen [Verfasser]. "LINC-NIRVANA piston control and near infrared polarization images of the Orion proplyds / vorgelegt von Steffen Rost." 2008. http://d-nb.info/990596125/34.
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Perumanoor, Tinsy John. "Visible versus near-infrared light penetration depth analysis in an intralipid suspension as it relates to clinical hyperspectral images." 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10106/1138.
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Soloviov, Oleksii. "Geospatial assessment of pest-induced forest damage through the use of UAV-bases NIR imaging and Gi-technology." Master's thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/11545.
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Dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Geospatial Technologies.Every year oak forests become infected by populations of the splendor beetle (Agrilus bigutattus). The detection and monitoring of infected trees is important, because of economic and ecological reasons. Traditional approach to detect the pest infestation level of each tree is performed by using ground-based observation method. It is long and ineffective method because of limitations, such as: poor visibility of the highest trees and impenetrability of some forest plots. The main goal is to identify infected oaks trees by splendor beetle at the 2 study areas. Pest-infested oak trees by splendor beetle are characterized by high level of defoliation and different reflection signatures. These features can be detected by using very high resolution color infrared (CIR) images. In August 2013 it was performed flight campaign by using unmanned aerial systems (UAS). CIR images were covering 2 test sites in rural area, near city Soest (Germany). Study areas represents small, privately owned oaks forest plots. In this research was used a small quadrocopter (Microdrone MD4-200) with vertical takeoff and landing capability (VTOL). Microdrone is carried a digital camera (Canon PowerShot SD 780 IS). Additionally, camera was modified to capture not just a visible spectrum, but also NIR spectrum (400 to 1100 nm) of infected oaks. The proposed workflow includes the CIR image acquisition, image stitching, radiometric correction, georeferencing, modified vegetation indices calculation, pixel based and object-based image classification and accuracy assessment. Images were classified using 5 classes (healthy, low infected, high infected, died trees and canopy gaps). Finally, the results can be integrated with existing WMS service. Applying of UAV make possible to obtain multitemporal data, which facilitates monitoring and detection of infected trees. The work was performed in close cooperation with the Forestry Department of Soest (Germany).
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Turri, Paolo. "Advancing next generation adaptive optics in astronomy: from the lab to the sky." Thesis, 2017. https://dspace.library.uvic.ca//handle/1828/8533.
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High resolution imaging of wide fields has been a prerogative of space telescopes for decades. Multi-conjugate adaptive optics (MCAO) is a key technology for the future of ground-based astronomy, especially as we approach the era of ELTs, where the large apertures will provide diffraction limits that will significantly surpass even the James Webb Space Telescope.
NFIRAOS will be the first light MCAO system for the Thirty Meter Telescope and to support its development I have worked on HeNOS, its test bench integrated in Victoria at NRC Herzberg. I have aligned the optics, tested the electronic hardware, calibrated the subsystems (cameras, deformable mirrors, light sources, etc.) and characterized the system parameters.
Development and support for future MCAO instruments also involves data analysis, a critical process in delivering the expected performance of any scientific instrument. To develop a strategy for optimal stellar photometry with MCAO, I have observed the Galactic globular cluster NGC 1851 with GeMS, the MCAO system on the 8-meter Gemini South telescope. From near-infrared images of this target in two bands, I have found the optimal parameters to employ in the profile-fitting photometry and calibration. As testimony to the precision of the results, I have obtained the deepest near-infrared photometry of a crowded field from the ground and used it to determine the age of the cluster with a method recently proposed that exploits the bend in the lower main sequence. The precise color-magnitude diagram also allows us to clearly observe the double subgiant branch for the first time from the ground, caused by the multiple stellar populations in the cluster.
As the only facility MCAO system, GeMS is an important instrument that serves to illuminate the challenges of obtaining accurate photometry using such a system. By coupling the knowledge acquired from an instrument already on-sky with experiments in the lab on a prototype of a future system, I have addressed new challenges in
photometry and astrometry, like the promising technique of point spread function
reconstruction. This thesis informs the development of appropriate data processing
techniques and observing strategies to ensure the ELTs deliver their full scientific
promise over extended fields of view.Graduate