Relevant bibliographies by topics / Nd-YAG lasers

Academic literature on the topic 'Nd-YAG lasers'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 20 February 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Nd-YAG lasers"

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Abdulwaahb, Hala Mahmood, Bassam G. Rasheed, and Hanadi H. Altawil. "Deposition of MgO Nanoparticles by Laser Pyrolysis." Al-Nahrain Journal for Engineering Sciences 25, no. 1 (April 3, 2022): 20–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.29194/njes.25010020.

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Magnesium oxide nanoparticles were deposited by laser pyrolysis process. Three types of lasers were employed CW CO2, Q-switched Nd-YAG (short pulses) and long pulses Nd-YAG lasers. The size and density of nanoparticles vary with laser energy, power, pulse duration and the scanning speed of the laser. In this method, MgO nanoparticles were deposited by a laser beam on a quartz substrate from aqueous solution of magnesium nitrate. AFM images reveal formation of small nanoparticle size of 24.5 nm with surface roughness 6.97nm by Q-switched Nd-YAG laser (10 ns) when the energy was 1J. While for CO2 laser, the smallest size was 18.8 nm at 0.4mm/s scanning speed with surface roughness 5.21nm at the same scanning speed. Moreover, long Nd-YAG pulses laser produces relatively larger average size of 37.5nm at 0.8ms pulse duration. The absorption spectra from UV-Visible spectroscopy were also conducted. The best absorption intensity was obtained at a wavelength ranging between 420-430 nm for both lasers. Finally, Thermal analysis using COMSOL Multiphysics software for the deposition process reveals that maximum temperature about 440Kfor Q-Switched Nd-YAG laser at 1J laser energy. While for RF CO2 laser, the maximum temperature obtained at 0.4mm/s scanning speed is 850K.This work provides a good knowledge for the deposition of nanoparticles using laser beams.
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Al-Hosiny, N. M., A. A. El-Maaref, and R. M. El-Agmy. "Mitigation of Thermal Effects in End Pumping of Nd : YAG and Composite YAG/Nd : YAG Laser Crystas, Modelling and Experiments-=SUP=-1-=/SUP=-." Журнал технической физики 91, no. 8 (2021): 1268. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/jtf.2021.08.51103.38-21.

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In this work, we have presented a finite element (FE) numerical modelling simulations to study and analyze the thermal effects in Nd : YAG and composite YAG/Nd : YAG laser rods. We have calculated the temperature distributions, stress intensity and thermal focal lengths at different pump powers for both rods. The FE simulations showed that using composite laser rod of undoped cap reduces the maximum value of stress intensity and thermal focal length by ~35% and ~ 50%, respectively. We have verified the FE calculations experimentally by direct measurement of focal length of thermally induced lens by using Hartmann-Shack wavefront sensor. Good agreement was obtained between FE calculations and experimental measurements. Keywords: Nd : YAG lasers, Thermal lens, Wavefront sensing, solid state lasers.
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Basu, S. "Nd-YAG and Yb-YAG rotary disk lasers." IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics 11, no. 3 (May 2005): 626–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jstqe.2005.850238.

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Saiki, T., T. Iwashita, J. Sakamoto, T. Hayashi, T. Nakamachi, Y. Fujimoto, Y. Iida, and M. Nakatsuka. "Rod-Type Ce/Cr/Nd : YAG Ceramic Lasers with White-Light Pump Source." International Journal of Optics 2022 (September 19, 2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/8480676.

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Ceramic is promising for use as a solid-laser material pumped with solar or lamp light. We developed a Cr3+ ion doped Nd : YAG ceramic laser that converts white light into near-infrared laser light more efficiently. Investigation of its optical properties has revealed that large gain can be realized with excitation power that is one order of magnitude less than that in the case of Nd : YAG. Ce3+ ion doping also makes it possible to utilize the excitation light components with wavelengths of 350 nm or less, preventing generation of color centers. A rod-type Ce3+/Cr3+/Nd : YAG ceramic pumped by white light such as solar light or flash lamp light was developed. Fluorescence lifetime of ceramic was measured. Laser oscillations at free running mode were observed. Also, numerical calculation for output laser power and gain at lasing threshold was performed. Fluorescence lifetime increased as temperature rose, which was observed in Cr/Nd : YAG ceramic. This increase suggests the existence of a cross-relaxation effect. Maximum output laser energy of 73 mJ with the peak power of 330 W was obtained. Obtained output laser energy was around twice more than that in case of Cr3+/Nd : YAG ceramic with the same Nd and Cr ion concentration.
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Al-Bakaa, Muhammad K., Muhsin A. Al-Dhalimi, Prabhatchandra Dube, and Fatimah K. Khalaf. "Evaluating the Roles of Different Types of Laser Therapy in Becker’s Nevus Treatment." Journal of Clinical Medicine 11, no. 14 (July 21, 2022): 4230. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11144230.

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Becker’s nevus (BN) is a cutaneous hamartoma of benign nature that develops through adolescence and affects mostly young men. The nevus is usually located unilaterally and is characterized by hypertrichosis and hyperpigmentation. Despite recent advances in treatment modalities, no effective treatment has been established for BN hyperpigmentation. We sought to assess the efficacy and safety of fractional Erbium: YAG 2940 nm and Q-switched Nd: YAG 1064 nm lasers in the treatment of BN hyperpigmentation. Twenty-three patients with BN were included in a prospective, randomized-controlled, observer-blinded, split-lesion comparative technique trial. In each patient, two similar square test regions were randomized to either be treated with a fractional Erbium: YAG 2940 nm laser or with a Q-switched Nd: YAG 1064 nm laser. Each patient was treated with three sessions at six-week intervals. At the follow-up, clearance of hyperpigmentation was assessed by physician global assessment, visual analogue scale, grade of improvement, patient global assessment, and patient satisfaction. Regions treated with the fractional Erbium: YAG 2940 nm laser demonstrated significantly better improvement compared to ones treated with the Q-switched Nd: YAG 1064 nm (p-value = 0.001) laser. Adverse effects such as repigmentation and hypertrophic scarring were not reported during the follow-up period. The outcomes were cosmetically acceptable with overall high satisfaction among the included patients. Our data suggest a superior role for the fractional Erbium: YAG (2940 nm) laser in the treatment of BN hyperpigmentation compared to the Q-switched Nd: YAG (1064 nm) laser, along with being a safer method and having no reported side effects.
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Gueorgieva, Tzvetelina G., and Raina T. Gergova. "INVESTIGATION OF ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF ND: YAG - LASER AND STANDARD ENDODONTIC TREATMENT." Journal of IMAB - Annual Proceeding (Scientific Papers) 27, no. 2 (May 24, 2021): 3736–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5272/jimab.2021272.3736.

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Introduction: The microbial infection is one of the main causes of the dental pulp and periodontal diseases. Previously used methods for its elimination are not fully effective, and often some microorganisms in root canals (RC) remain unaffected after treatment. Another modern method for disinfection of root canal system is laser disinfection. Different types of lasers are used - Nd: YAG, Er: YAG, Diode laser. Purpose: The purpose of our study is to compare the antibacterial activity of ND: YAG laser and conventional endodontic therapy in the treatment of infected root canals. Materials and methods The study involved 36 teeth of patients diagnosed with pulp gangrene or chronic periapical periodontitis, requiring endodontic treatment. They were divided into two groups of 18 teeth each one. The teeth in both groups are prepared by Protaper Universal rotary instruments (Maillefer Instruments SA, Ballaigues, Switzerland). In group 1the root canals disinfection is performed with a Nd: YAG laser (source of Nd: YAG laser (1064 nm) is the AT Fidelis - Fotona d.d., Ljubljana laser system). In group 2 was used the following protocol of root canal disinfection: 2.5% sodium hypochlorite solution and 17% EDTA divided by irrigation with distilled water. Then a sterile paper point is placed in the root canals, and a microbiological sample is taken again. Results: In all compared pairs, there was no significantly different effect regarding the number of microorganisms. Conclusions: The disinfection rinsing method with NaOCl has the strongest antimicrobial effect in clinical studies (90% against all microbial isolates). The use of Nd: YAG laser independently is not always sufficient for root canal disinfection - the effect is about 66%.
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Angela Toshie Araki, Alexandre Gomes Bezerra, Priscila Alonso Henriques, Andrea Kanako Yamazaki Arasaki, Igor Prokopowitsch, and Celso Luis Caldeira. "Analysis of apical sealing of canals irradiated with Er: YAG and Nd: YAG lasers and filled with AH Plus®." RSBO 10, no. 1 (March 28, 2014): 20–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.21726/rsbo.v10i1.889.

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Laser technology is gaining increasing importance in dental practice and also in the field of Endodontics with its ability to promote disinfection and experimentally in the preparation of root canal. The action of different types of lasers results in changes representing the increase in permeability of dentinal tissue (Er: YAG) or sometimes by a decrease in melting and recrystallization of dentin (Nd: YAG). Objective: this study assessed through apical dye leakage, the influence of irradiation with two types of laser, regarding to the quality of apical sealing of endodontic fillings. Material and methods:Thirty-six single-rooted teeth were used after being prepared with the ProFile system up to size #40 instrument and then divided into four experimental and two control groups. The technique used previously to the filling was as follows: G1 – not irradiated; G2 – irradiated with Er: YAG; G3 – irradiated with Nd: YAG and G4 – irradiated with Er: YAG followed by Nd: YAG. After external waterproofing and dry, the specimens were filled with a cold vertical condensation technique, using AH Plus sealer, and immediately immersed into 0.5% methylene blue solution for subsequent cleavage. The linear values of apical marginal leakage were obtained with the aid of an optical microscope connected to a computer using the Image Lab® software. Results: Data analysis showed the non-existence of statistically significant (p = 0.05) differences between different groups. Conclusion: It was concluded that the laser does not have influence on the apical sealing.
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KREISNER, Paulo Eduardo, Vinicius Nery VIEGAS, Ana Cláudia Lustosa PEREIRA, and Rogério Miranda PAGNONCELLI. "Excisão cirúrgica de hemangioma labial com laser de Nd: YAG." Revista da Faculdade de Odontologia de Porto Alegre 45, no. 2 (October 4, 2004): 39–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.22456/2177-0018.7664.

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Hemangiomas são neoplasias benignas de vasos sangüíneos. Na cavidade buical ocorrem com maior prevalência em língua, lábios e mucosa jugal. Os lasers cirúrgicos constituem uma excelente alternativa terapêutica para este tipo de malformação vascular. As propriedades coagulativas e de corte destes lasers permitem procedimentos de excisão cirúrgica dos hemangiomas sem riscos de sangramento, proporcinando melhor padrão cicatricial e aspecto pós-operatório. O objetivo deste trabalho é realizar uma revista de literatura sobre o uso de lasers cirúrgicos no tratamento de hemangiomas e relatar um caso clínico no qual o laser de Nd: YAG foi utilizado para excisão cirúrgica de hemangioma em lábio inferior.
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Xu Jinjin, 徐瑾瑾, 张行愚 Zhang Xingyu, 丛振华 Cong Zhenhua, 刘兆军 Liu Zhaojun, 陈晓寒 Chen Xiaohan, 秦增光 Qin Zengguang, 高飞龙 Gao Feilong, 王鹏 Wang Peng, 王泽城 Wang Zecheng, and 明娜 Ming Na. "Tunable Nd 3+∶YAG/KTiOAsO4 Raman Lasers." Chinese Journal of Lasers 47, no. 6 (2020): 0601002. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/cjl202047.0601002.

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A.alkarem A.albaqi1, Marwan, Awatef Saber Jasem1, and Adnan Fathel A.azawai2. "The Influence of molecular Effects on Laser Nd:YAG and Diode on Trichophyton Rubrum fungi using RAPD marker." Tikrit Journal of Pure Science 24, no. 6 (November 3, 2019): 117. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/j.v24i6.896.

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This study was carried out to assess the morphological and molecular effects of the Nd: yag and Diode (semiconductor) lasers on Trichophyton rubrum Fungi using RAPD marke . Sixty samples of skin patches, nail clippings and parts of hair were collected from infected patients of both sexes (34 males and 26 females) for the age group (1-60) year of patients who have attended to Tikrit Teaching Hospital. The T.rubrum fungi was the most common among the skin fungi, T.rubrum radiated by using two lasers: the Nd: yag laser with a wavelength (530) nm and energy (300, 500, 700) mJ and for two times exposing 20 and 30 seconds by six coefficients and control sample, the low-density diode (5 mW) for 3 times 10, 20 and 30 seconds on distance 20 cm with three treatments and a control sample. DNA was extracted from the fungus after direct exposure and after leaving it to grow for a whole generation and then was used to complete RAPD reactions using five primers. The RAPD marker gave excellent results with all primers, It was noted that the exposure of T. rubrum to the Nd: yag and Diode lasers with different cards and times had different effects on DNA and caused significant changes in the RAPD patterns compared with the control group, new bands appear and others disappear. The energy affecting the fungus T.rubrum for the first laser Nd: yag is 500 mj at time 30 sec while the power of the laser Diode was 5 mw at time 20 sec. The results suggested that the diode laser is highly effective and has a great effect on the genetic material of fungi compared with the effect of the first laser. The conclusion that the use of laser can affect DNA of skin fungi and may lead to mutations which means that it can be used in the treatment of skin fungal infections and the RAPD was effective in detecting the effect of laser at the molecular level as a simple, and inexpensive. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.24.2019.117
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Nd-YAG lasers"

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De, Kock Trevor Neil. "The development and evaluation of a Nd:YAG laser incorporating an unstable resonator." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1008566.

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Introduction: For approximately the last eight years the Laser Section of the National Physical Research Laboratory (NPRL) has been interested in inter alia, pulsed solid-state lasers and in particular, Nd:YAG. Investigations of various resonator types were undertaken with a view to the improvement of the laser parameters such as output energy, pulse width, beam quality and sensitivity to mirror misalignment. In 1980 a Nd: YAG laser employing a rotating prism Q-switch was constructed (Preussler (1980)). It involves rotating one of the two cavity reflectors so that they are parallel for only a brief instant in time. Typically the prism must rotate at a speed of 20 000 r.p.m. to ensure a single pulse output. Such lasers suffer from the tendency to emit multiple pulses, they are very noisy and they require frequent maintenance because of the short lifetime of the bearings. A resonator employing conventional curved mirrors and an electro-optical Q-switch was constructed in 1980 (Robertson & Preussler (1982)). In 1981 an electro-optically Q-swi tched laser making use of a crossed Porro-prism resonator was investigated due to its relative insensitivity to misalignment of the reflectors compared with the conventional mirror resonator (Nortier (1981)). Improvements in terms of output power, beam divergence and beam quality can be achieved by making use of a so-called unstable resonator. Such a laser has been investigated and is reported on in this study. Chapter 2 provides some background into laser theory and operation while chapter 3 deals with the theory of the unstable resonator. Chapter 4 provides details of the experimental equipment and techniques used in the work and chapter 5 discusses the evaluation of the project and results obtained.
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Zarour, Hassane. "Lasers et malformations vasculaires superficielles : mise au point : etude preliminaire sur un nouveau type de laser (le laser yag dedouble en frequence)." Aix-Marseille 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991AIX20819.

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Martial, Igor. "Systèmes laser pompés par diode à fibres cristallines : oscillateurs Er : yAG, amplificateurs Nd : yAG." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00705198.

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Au cours de cette thèse, nous nous intéressons à deux applications nécessitant des sources laser impulsionnelles : l'imagerie active et l'usinage laser. L'imagerie active nécessite des sources laser efficaces émettant dans la gamme de sécurité oculaire (entre 1,5 µm et 1,7 µm) à des cadence de l'ordre du kilohertz et produisant des énergies par impulsion de plusieurs millijoules. Les sources efficaces émettant dans la gamme de sécurité oculaire utilisent l'ion erbium. Cependant la structure électronique complexe de l'ion erbium entraîne de nombreux effets parasites qui limitent fortement l'énergie accessible lors d'un fonctionnement à haute cadence. Pour diminuer l'influence de ces effets parasites nous avons utilisé le concept de fibres cristallines dans le cadre d'une collaboration entre le Laboratoire Charles Fabry et l'entreprise Fibercryst. La géométrie des fibres cristallines, combinant les propriétés des cristaux massifs et les avantages des fibres en verre nous a permis de dépasser les limites des sources actuelles. L'usinage de matériaux requière des sources laser impulsionnelles émettant dans le proche infrarouge (1 µm) et alliant forte énergie, forte puissance crête et forte puissance moyenne. Pour réaliser de telles sources, il est nécessaire d'utiliser des milieux à gain permettant de limiter les phénomènes thermiques et les effets induit par la puissance crête (effets non-linéaires). Pour cela nous avons utilisé à nouveau le concept de fibre cristalline, dopée cette fois ci par l'ion néodyme. Ces fibres cristallines ont été utilisées comme amplificateur de puissance pour amplifier des micro-lasers fonctionnant à haute cadence (de 1 à 100 kHz) et produisant des impulsions courtes (< 1 ns).
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Hill, Timothy J. "Interference of intensity noise in a multimode Nd:YAG laser." Title page, abstract and contents only, 2003. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phh6484.pdf.

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Includes bibliographical references (leaves 151-163). Investigates the behaviour of the intensity noise in a multimode Nd:YAG laser. The collective modes of oscillation are excited by broadband ambient noise. Because the phase of the excitation is unknown, a cross spectral technique to measure the antiphase dynamics directly and form a picture of the intensity noise interference for two to five mode operation is developed. For three mode operation, the contributions of the longitudinal modes to collective modes is measured.
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Mondin, Linda. "Stabilisation de fréquence de laser Nd-YAG pour applications spatiales." Nice, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005NICE4046.

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Les lasers stabilisés à long terme sont utilisés dans de nombreux domaines en métrologie et constituent la base de toute la recherche expérimentale en spectroscopie à très haute résolution. Ce mémoire décrit mon travail de thèse sur les lasers à Nd:YAG stabilisés en vue d'applications spatiales (missions de physique fondamentale ou géodésie). Les montages doivent satisfaire critères de compacité, stabilité mécanique, robustesse et fiabilité. On traite les références utilisables pour le long (moléculaire) et le court (mécanique) terme ainsi que leurs limitations principales. L'analyse et le choix de ces références de stabilisation seront couplés avec le choix des techniques de stabilisation (PDH, Tilt-Locking, Modulation Transfer). Dans les techniques de stabilisation, celle de Pound-Drever-Hall (PDH) est devenue un classique car elle donne les meilleurs performances connues à ce jour surtout à court terme. Pour réduire le nombre de composants actifs, nous avons aussi implanté une technique dite de Tilt-Locking, que je compare avec celle de PDH dans le cas d'une référence Fabry-Perot monolithique. Les performances théoriques sur le long terme et les efficacités quantiques sont inter-comparées. On présente les montages expérimentaux et les résultats obtenus (lasers stabilisés sur Fabry-Perot et Iode moléculaire). On a calibrer les dérives de fréquence du Fabry-Perot, ce qui permettra de présenter des solutions obtenues analytiquement et numériquement pour l'asservissement en longueur de cette référence mécanique. Des suggestions de prolongation de ces travaux sont suggérés en conclusion et, en appendices, les détails de dimensionnement des bruits de LISA, le rappel théorique des ondes de gravitation, ainsi que divers simulations de calculs effectués, sont présentées
Long term stabilised lasers are used in a multitude of metrological applications and are the basis of experimental research in very high resolution spectroscopy. This document describes my thesis work on stabilised Nd:YAG lasers in view of space applications (for fundamental physics experiments and geodesy). All experiments must satisfy criteria of compactness, mechanical stability, robustness and reliability. I will describe the possible references for the long (molecules) and the short (resonators) term time intervals with their principal limitations. The discussion leading to their choice is actually connected to the stabilisation techniques to be adequately implemented (PDH, Tilt-Locking, Modulation transfer). Among the stabilisation techniques, the Pound-Drever-Hall (PDH) technique is now a classic as it produces the best performance in short term, so far. To reduce active components, we have also implemented a DC technique called Tilt-Locking and I will compare with PDH in the case of a monolithic Fabry-Perot reference. Theoretical performances on the long term and quantum efficiencies will be compared for different techniques. The schematic principles of the experiences and the results I have obtained for stabilised lasers on Fabry-Perot and molecular iodine are presented. We calibrated the Fabry-Perot drifts, this allows me to point out analytical and numerical solutions to control the length of this mechanical reference. Finally suggestions for further work will be approached and, in the appendices, details about noise order of magnitudes for LISA, a theoretical overview of gravitational waves as well as different simulations and calculations are presented
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Delen, Xavier. "Amplificateurs laser à cristaux massifs pompés par diode : fibres cristallines Yb : YAG et cristaux Nd : YVO4." Phd thesis, Palaiseau, Institut d'optique théorique et appliquée, 2013. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00996931.

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Un grand nombre d'applications réclament des sources laser en régime impulsionnel toujours plus puissantes et énergétiques. Les progrès continus des technologies laser permettent non seulement d'améliorer les performances de l'outil laser mais aussi d'ouvrir la voie à de nouvelles applications. Cependant, l'augmentation de la puissance des sources laser est aussi accompagnée par une complexification des systèmes. Cette thèse porte sur l'étude d'amplificateurs laser de puissances qui se distinguent par la simplicité de leurs architectures : avec un ou deux passages dans le milieu laser. Dans la première partie, nous étudions le potentiel de la fibre cristalline Yb: YAG pompée par diode en tant qu'amplificateur. Les effets de confinement de l'intensité de pompe au centre de la fibre cristalline par guidage sont étudies théoriquement et expérimentalement. Deux expériences démontrent ensuite l'intérêt de la fibre cristalline Yb:YAG en tant qu'amplificateur de puissance de sources laser à fibres, l'une en régime femtoseconde et l'autre avec un laser mono-fréquence. Par ailleurs, nous explorons le potentiel de notre concept en régime de forte puissance. Une puissance de 250 W en oscillateur et une extraction de 100 W en amplificateur ont été obtenues avec une diode de pompe de 600 W. La deuxième partie traite de l'étude d'amplificateurs à base de cristaux de Nd:YVO4. Le dimensionnement de notre système est réalisé en s'appuyant sur une étude des propriétés du Nd:YVO4. L'amplificateur ainsi obtenu affiche des performances inédites qui se caractérisent par un très fort gain optique (40-60 dB) couplé à une forte extraction de puissance moyenne (10 à 15 W).
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Rotger, Maud. "Contribution à l'étude d'un laser Nd-YAG industriel de puissance : réalisation d'un lambdamètre pour lasers impulsionnels." Dijon, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990DIJOS013.

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La première partie de ce mémoire est consacrée à l'étude de nouvelles cavités résonnantes pour des lasers Nd-YAG industriels de puissance. Une cavité instable SFUR en anneau n'a pas donné expérimentalement les résultats escomptés, tant du point de vue de la puissance de sortie que de celui de la qualité du faisceau. Une cavité plane, en anneau symétrique, donne un bon facteur de qualité et ne présente qu'une seule et grande zone de stabilité, allant du fonctionnement tir-a-tir du laser jusqu'a sa puissance nominale. De plus, la position toujours fixe du beam-waist quel que soit le pompage doit éviter aux utilisateurs tout réajustement vertical de leur plan de travail. Cette cavité nous semble sous différents aspects le meilleur choix dans le domaine des cavités stables. La seconde partie, concerne la réalisation d'un lambdamètre performant pour lasers impulsionnels monomodes en vue notamment de mesurer avec précision la longueur d'onde d'un laser nd-yag injecté. Une étude théorique préalable a permis, compte tenu de l'objectif fixe, d'opter pour la réalisation d'un dispositif optique constitue d'interféromètres de Fabry-Pérot plans. Cet appareil, associé à un système d'acquisition en temps réel et à un logiciel de traitement des données en langage C, travaille à une cadence de 10 Hz avec une résolution de 20 mhz
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Cecchini, Silvia Cristina Mafra. ""Desinfecção da Dentina Radicular pela Irradiação dos Lasers de Nd: YAG e Er: YAG: um Modelo "in vitro""." Universidade de São Paulo, 2001. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/23/23135/tde-30082001-094604/.

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RESUMO Desinfecção da dentina radicular pela irradiação dos lasers de ND:YAG, HO:YAG e ER:YAG: um modelo in vitro A provável causa do insucesso da terapia endodôntica é a persistência de microrganismos colonizando os túbulos dentinários. Para reduzir o risco de insucesso e, se possível, o tempo despendido no tratamento endodôntico, novos equipamentos e materiais são constantemente desenvolvidos. O objetivo desta investigação foi estudar o efeito da irradiação laser intracanal na desinfecção dos túbulos dentinários de dentes bovinos recém-extraídos, utilizando-se um modelo in vitro. Os grupos irradiados pelos vários lasers foram comparados ao tratamento com hidróxido de cálcio, freqüentemente utilizado como medicação intracanal. O cemento radicular foi removido, o canal preparado e os dentes, cortados, resultando em 180 corpos de prova padronizados. Para promover a colonização bacteriana, os corpos de prova foram incubados, a 37 o C, em frascos contendo caldo de tripticase de soja e Enterococcus faecalis, o qual continha um plasmídeo que permitiu o seu crescimento em um meio seletivo com cloranfenicol. Os corpos de prova foram divididos em cinco grupos experimentais e três grupos-controle. Para irradiação foram utilizados os lasers pulsados de: Ho:YAG a 2,1 µm; Nd:YAG (1,06 µm); e Er:YAG (2,94 µm) com e sem refrigeração ar/água. Os grupos tratados receberam três parâmetros diferentes de irradiação com cada tipo de laser: energia abaixo do limiar de modificação física (physical modification threshold - ½ do PMT) por 60s; no limiar (PMT) por 60s; e, acima do limiar (120s). O Grupo 5 recebeu sete dias de tratamento com hidróxido de cálcio. Como controles, três espécimes para cada grupo receberam água estéril (controle negativo), três receberam KI3, após exposição à bactéria (controle negativo) e três não receberam tratamento após exposição à bactéria (controle positivo). A quantidade de bactérias foi estimada mediante a contagem de unidades formadoras de colônias (u.f.c.). De modo a avaliar, paralelamente, se os comprimentos de onda laser utilizados no experimento poderiam ser absorvidos pelo E. faecalis, foram obtidos espectros de absorção no UV, VIS e IR, por meio de espectroscopia. A análise estatística mostrou uma redução bacteriana como segue: Ho:YAG > hidróxido de cálcio > Nd:YAG > Er:YAG com refrigeração ar/água > Er:YAG sem refrigeração ar/água. Houve uma significativa redução bacteriana no grupo irradiado pelo Ho:YAG no limiar de modificação – PMT (50 mJ, 10 Hz, 66 J/cm 2 , por 120s), seguida pelo Ho:YAG a 50 mJ, 10 Hz, 33J/cm 2 , por 60s e pelo grupo que recebeu hidróxido de cálcio. Os dois últimos grupos não apresentaram diferenças estatísticas significativas. O espectro de absorção pelas bactérias (E. faecalis) nas faixas dos comprimentos de onda do UV e VIS apresentou picos de absorção em 361 nm e em 377 nm (UV). Já o infravermelho próximo revelou uma baixa absorção pelo microrganismo testado.
SUMMARY Disinfection of intracanal dentin by Nd:YAG, Ho:YAG and Er:YAG laser irradiation: an in vitro model A possible cause for root canal failure is the persistence of bacteria that have colonized dentinal tubules. To reduce this risk and, if possible, to also shorten the time-consuming endodontic therapy, new equipment and materials are constantly being introduced. The aim of the present investigation was to study the effect of disinfection of dentinal tubules by intracanal laser irradiation using an in vitro model. The groups irradiated by various lasers were compared with calcium hydroxide, a material frequently used as intracanal medication between appointments. Freshly extracted, intact bovine incisors were used. The root cementum was removed and the teeth cut to produce 180 standardized specimens. For bacterial colonization, specimens were incubated at 37 o C in test tubes with Tryptic Soy Broth and Enterococcus faecalis, which carried a plasmid that allowed the growth in a selective medium containing chloramphenicol. The specimens were divided in five treatment groups and three control groups. For irradiation, pulsed delivered Ho:YAG laser at 2.1 µm, Nd:YAG laser (1.06 µm), and Er:YAG and Er:YAG laser (2.94µm) with and without air/water coolant, were used. Lasers groups received three different laser settings for treatment: output energy below the physical modification threshold (½ of PMT) for 60 sec, at the PMT for 60 sec and above the PMT (120 sec). Group 5 received a seven-day treatment with calcium hydroxide. As controls, three specimens for each treatment group received sterile water instead of bacteria (negative control), three received iodine potassium-iodide after bacterial exposure (negative control), and three did not receive treatment after bacterial exposure (positive control). The number of bacteria was estimated by counting CFU. In order to evaluate whether the lasers used in the experiment could be absorbed by the bacteria E. faecalis, an UV, VIS and NIR spectra were obtained using a spectrophotometer. Statistical analysis showed the bacterial reduction as follow: Ho:YAG laser > hidróxido de cálcio> Nd:YAG laser > Er:YAG laser with air/water coolant > Er:YAG laser without air/water coolant. There was a significantly higher bacterial reduction in the group irradiated by the Ho:YAG at the PMT (50mJ, 10 Hz, 66 J/cm 2 for 120 sec), followed by Ho:YAG irradiated at 50mJ, 10 Hz, 33 J/cm 2 for 60 sec, and the group that received calcium hydroxide. The latter two groups were not significantly different. The UV and VIS absorbance spectrum presented two absorbance peaks at 361nm and 337nm (UV). The NIR spectrum revealed a very low absorbance by the E. faecalis.
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9

Bjurshagen, Stefan. "Diode-pumped Nd : YAG lasers for generation of blue light by frequency doubling." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Physics, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-1795.

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Quasi-three-level lasers in neodymium-doped crystals such asNd:YAG, Nd:YLF and Nd:YVO4have received a great deal of interest becausethey allow generation of blue light by frequency doubling. Forsolid-state blue laser sources, there exist numerousapplications as in high-density optical data storage, colourdisplays, submarine communication and biologicalapplications.

Efficient lasing on quasi-three-level transitions at 900-950nm in Nd-doped crystals is considerably more difficult toachieve than on the stronger four-level transitions at 1-1.1µm. The problems with these quasi-three-level transitionsare a significant reabsorption loss at room temperature and avery small stimulated emission cross section. This requires atight focusing of the pump light, which is achieved byend-pumping with high-intensity diode lasers.

n this thesis, progress in diode-pumped solid-state lasersfor generation of blue light by frequency doubling has beenmade. Nd:YAG lasers at the 946 nm transition have been builtand a maximum power of 7.0 W was obtained. By inserting a thinquartz etalon in the laser cavity, the938.5 nm laser linecould be selected. An output power of 3.9 W was obtained.

By using nonlinear crystals, frequency-doubling of laserlight at both 946 nm and 938.5 nm by second harmonic generation(SHG) was achieved. SHG of the 946 nm transition gives bluelight at 473 nm. Efficient generation of blue light has beenachieved in periodically poled KTP, both in single-passextra-cavity and intracavity configurations. More than 0.5 Wwas obtained at 473 nm by intracavity doubling. Intracavity SHGof the 938.5 nm transition gave slightly more than 200 mW at469 nm.

The influence of energy-transfer upconversion (ETU) is adetrimental effect in Nd-doped lasers. An analytical model hasbeen developed for continuous wave quasi-three-level lasersincluding the influence of ETU. The results of the generaloutput modelling are applied to a laser with Gaussian beams,and rigorous numerical calculations have been done to study theinfluence of ETU on threshold, output power, spatialdistribution of population-inversion density and fractionalthermal loading. The model is applied to a laser operating at946 nm in Nd:YAG, where thermal lensing and the dependency oflaser-beam size are investigated in particular. A simple modelfor the degradation of laser beam quality from a transversallyvarying saturated gain is also proposed, which is in very goodagreement with measurements of the laser in a plane-planecavity.

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Faria, Irval Cardoso de. "Geração de pulsos laser ultracurtos por auto injeção no laser de Nd : YAG." [s.n.], 1986. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/277323.

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Orientadores: Antonio G. J. Balbin Villaverde, Carlos Henrique de Brito Cruz
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Instituto de Fisica Gleb Wataghin
Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-14T17:29:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Faria_IrvalCardosode_M.pdf: 3715552 bytes, checksum: 00ff19e6dc53faa98f68904fa803867a (MD5) Previous issue date: 1986
Resumo: Não informado
Abstract: Not informed.
Mestrado
Física
Mestre em Física
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Books on the topic "Nd-YAG lasers"

1

Dowley, Mark W. Diode pumped solid state (DPSS) lasers: Applications and issues. Washington, DC: Optical Society of America, 1998.

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Elder, I. F. Laser diode end-pumped Nd:YAG laser. [London]: HMSO, 1992.

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YAG laser bronchoscopy. New York: Praeger, 1985.

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1951-, Puliafito Carmen A., ed. The Nd-YAG laser in ophthalmology: Principles and clinical applications of photodisruption. Philadelphia: Saunders, 1985.

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Lehner, Christof. Beschreibung des Nd: YAG-Laserstrahlschweissprozesses von Magnesiumdruckguss. München: Utz, 2001.

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Waidelich, W. Laser/Optoelectronics in Medicine/Laser/Optoelektronik in der Medizin: Proceedings of the 7th International Congress/Vorträge des 7. Internationalen Kongresses Laser 85 Optoelektronik Mit/with 2nd International Nd: YAG Laser Conference. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986.

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Thomason, Larry P. Nd : YAG Lasers: Technology and Applications. Nova Science Publishers, Incorporated, 2020.

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Thomason, Larry P. Nd : YAG Lasers: Technology and Applications. Nova Science Publishers, Incorporated, 2020.

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N, Joffe Stephen, and Oguro Yanao, eds. Advances in Nd-YAG laser surgery. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1988.

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(Editor), Stephen N. Joffe, and Yanao Oguro (Editor), eds. Advances in Nd: YAG Laser Surgery. Springer, 1987.

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Book chapters on the topic "Nd-YAG lasers"

1

Meyer, H. J., K. Haverkampf, F. Frank, and H. Ostertag. "Nd-YAG Lasers in Abdominal Surgery." In Laser/Optoelectronics in Medicine/Laser/Optoelektronik in der Medizin, 372–75. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-70850-3_72.

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Philipp, C., H. P. Berlien, and J. Waldschmidt. "Treatment of Deep Located Haemangiomas with the Nd: YAG Laser (1064 nm)." In Lasers in Dermatology, 85–90. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-75201-8_7.

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Obelienius, V., J. Bredikis, and A. Knepa. "Nd-YAG Lasers in the Treatment of Cardiac Arrhythmias." In Laser/Optoelectronics in Medicine/Laser/Optoelektronik in der Medizin, 462–65. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-70850-3_89.

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Ell, Ch, J. Hochberger, D. Müller, G. Lux, and L. Demling. "Laser Lithotripsy of Gallstones by Means of Pulsed Nd: YAG Lasers." In LASER Optoelectronics in Medicine, 386–88. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-72870-9_99.

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Kurzeja, R., and J. Liebetruth. "Der Einsatz des Nd-YAG-Lasers in der operativen Hysteroskopie." In Laser in der Medizin / Laser in Medicine, 240–44. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-80264-5_61.

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Krauser, J., and H. J. Eichler. "Amplitudenmodulation und Pulsverstärkung des modengekoppelten Nd: YAG-Lasers durch Treiberfrequenzverstimmung." In Laser/Optoelektronik in der Technik / Laser/Optoelectronics in Engineering, 112–15. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-82638-2_22.

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Ireland, C. L. M. "The Role of high Power Nd: YAG Lasers in Materials Processing." In Laser in der Technik / Laser in Engineering, 202–21. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-84736-3_37.

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Mackety, Carolyn J. "Nd: YAG Lasers in a Health Care Facility — Implementation, Training and Nursing Responsibilities." In Laser/Optoelectronics in Medicine/Laser/Optoelektronik in der Medizin, 307–13. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-70850-3_60.

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Ohshiro, Toshio. "A Comparative Study of the Wavelength Dependent Effect of the Argon, Nd: YAG and CO2 Lasers in ddY Mouse Skin." In LASER Optoelectronics in Medicine, 550–54. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-72870-9_140.

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Washio, K., H. Takenaka, K. Okino, S. Aruga, E. Matsui, and Y. Kyusho. "Welding and Cutting Car-body Metal Sheets with Fiber Delivered Output from the Continuously Pumped and Envelope-Modulated, High-Power Nd: YAG Lasers." In Laser in der Technik / Laser in Engineering, 468–72. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-84736-3_79.

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Conference papers on the topic "Nd-YAG lasers"

1

Barnes, Norman P., and Brian M. Walsh. "Quantum efficiency measurements of Nd: YAG, Yb: YAG, and Tm: YAG." In Advanced Solid State Lasers. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/assl.2002.tub15.

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Jelínková, H., K. Hamal, V. Kubeček, I. Procházka, M. Čech, and J. Pašta. "Nd and Er: Yag Lasers in Ophthalmology." In The European Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_europe.1996.cthi77.

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In the pioneering years, laser radiation in ophthalmology was used mainly for retina coagulation (ruby laser, argon laser). With the discovery of other types of lasers, radiations of different wavelengths have been tested even for different ophthalmology treatments. Ophthalmic microsurgery (secondary cataract) uses a high power laser with the shortest pulses to generate plasma breakdown for removing the secondary lens capsule tissue. From the radiation penetration curve into the eye it follows that it is possible to use the radiation of visible or near infrared region. In case of the solid state lasers, the Nd:YAG or ruby lasers are suitable for this purpose, and therefore a simple laser unit which can generate either nanosecond or picosecond pulses is needed. Our Nd:YAG laser system (1.06 µm) for ophthalmology microsurgery allows to select either a Q-switched or mode-locked regime of operation. In clinical practice this system is used mainly for eye microsurgery - for capsulotomy or iridectomy treatment. Principe of function of immediate regimes variation with the comparison of results when the eye was treated with long (ns) or short (tens of ps) pulses (in vivo) are presented.
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Lenk, Andreas, Guenter R. Wiedemann, and Eckhard Beyer. "Concrete cutting with Nd-YAG laser." In Advanced High-Power Lasers and Applications, edited by Sadao Nakai, Lloyd A. Hackel, and Wayne C. Solomon. SPIE, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.375182.

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Scheps, R., P. Poirier, J. F. Myers, and D. F. Heller. "Laser diode pumped 1μ Nd;YAG and Nd:BEL lasers." In ADVANCES IN LASER SCIENCE−IV. AIP, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.38644.

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Yasui, Koji. "High-brightness cw-500-W Nd: YAG rod laser." In Advanced Solid State Lasers. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/assl.1996.hp2.

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Shu, Hong, Ying Chen, Michael Bass, and Madhu A. Acharekar. "Modeling a diode pumped Nd: YAG rod laser." In Lasers and Applications in Science and Engineering, edited by Hanna J. Hoffman and Ramesh K. Shori. SPIE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.641423.

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Huignard, J.-P., A. Brignon, and P. Sillard. "Solid State Phase Conjugate Mirrors for ND-YAG Lasers: Recent Results with Photorefractive RH-Batio3 and Gain Media." In The European Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_europe.1998.cthn1.

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Phase conjugation based on four wave mixing (4WM) in nonlinear materials is of great interest for dynamic correction of intracavity phase aberrations in Nd-YAG lasers. For pulsc laser operation the phase conjugation is usually performed in bulky gas or liquid cells using stimulated Brillouin scattering. However, due to the progress of the laser technology it is now required to investigate new solid-state phase conjugate mirrors which exhibit high reflectivity and fidelity. For this purpose we will present and discuss two types of nonlinear mirrors - first, the IR sensitive Rb doped BaTiO, crystal, second the flash (or diode) pumped Nd-YAG (or Nd-YVO) gain media.
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Dimakov, S. A., A. V. Gorlanov, S. I. Kliment'ev, L. V. Kovalchuk, I. B. Orlova, and N. A. Sventsitskaya. "300-W Nd-YAG laser with reduced output beam divergence." In The European Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_europe.1994.ctuk37.

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Usually power Nd-YAG lasers with stable resonators work in multimode operation and show divergence 20–100 times larger than the diffraction limit. Use of unstable resonators in such lasers is not trivial because of strong thermal lenses induced in active crystals. In Ref. 1 an unstable resonator for a laser based on two active rods was proposed and investigated. Output beam divergence in excess of the diffraction limit by 2 times with output power of 160 W was obtained.
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Hale, C. P., S. W. Henderson, J. R. Magee, and S. R. Vetorino. "Compact High Energy Nd: YAG Coherent Laser Radar Transceiver." In Coherent Laser Radar. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/clr.1991.tud5.

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Numerous coherent laser radar (CLR) applications exist in defense and commercial arenas for compact, high energy transmitter/receiver systems. The use of solid-state laser sources in the near- and mid-IR are of particular interest, as these lasers and laser amplifiers offer near-term promise of very efficient, lightweight CLR transmitters at relatively low cost. Building on previous work with Nd: YAG CLR technology at 1.06 μm wavelength,1,2 we report here on the development of a engineered Nd: YAG transceiver having considerable operating flexibility, arbitrary optical pulse-forming capability, high pulse energy, and > 20 Hz pulse repetition rate.
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Seelert, Wolf, Walter Skrlac, and H. P. Kortz. "1-W Single-Frequency Diode-Pumped Nd: YAG Laser System." In Advanced Solid State Lasers. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/assl.1991.dl6.

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Reports on the topic "Nd-YAG lasers"

1

Adams, J. T., and J. J. Kwiatkowski. Nd-YAG laser welding of the fiber optic connector to the header shell on the 2SL actuator. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10122837.

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Palmer, T. A., B. Wood, J. W. Elmer, C. Westrich, J. O. Milewski, M. Piltch, M. Barbe, and R. Carpenter. Characterization of Stainless Steel and Refractory Metal Welds Made using a Diode-Pumped, Continuous Wave Nd: Yag Laser. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/15005683.

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Canfield, Anthony J. Combat Trauma Surgery Using a Portable Contact ND-(YAG) Laser in the Porcine and Ovine Models (HSC) (CIC3). Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada237662.

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Chen, Samuel Weisheng. Handbook for operating a spectra-physics{trademark} quanta-ray pro-series Nd-YAG laser and MOPO-SL (master oscillator power oscillator) utilizing WinSpec{trademark}. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/820767.

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