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Journal articles on the topic 'Nd:YAG laser'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 10 March 2023

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1

Alam, Mohammad. "ND: YAG LASER." Professional Medical Journal 25, no. 12 (December 8, 2018): 1848–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/18.4743.

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Objectives: To find out the visual acuity outcome after Nd: YAG laser capsulotomy in posterior capsular opacification in pseudophakic patients after cataract surgery. Study Design: Analytical study. Setting: Department of Ophthalmology Khyber Medical University Institute of Medical Sciences / K.D.A Teaching Hospital Kohat. Period: January 2016 to June 2017. Materials and methods: Special proforma was designed for record of patients. PreNd:YAG laser posterior capsulotomy best corrected visual acuity was checked and noted. Anterior and posterior segments examination was done with slit lamp and indirect slit lamp bimicroscopy. Pupils were dilated with tropicamide eye drops. Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy was done. All these procedure were conducted as out door. Patients were put on topical steroid and antiglaucoma drops for ten days to control inflammation and rise in IOP. Post laser best corrected visual acuity was recorded after one month of laser. Results: Total 92 patients were selected with age range from 21 to 83 years. Out of these patients 43(46.74%) were male and 49(53.26%) were female. Post surgical laser period was from 7 months to 13 years. Prelaser best corrected visual acuity of 6/24-6/36 was present in 59(64.13%) patients, 6/60 in 24(26.08%) patients while 9(9.78%) patients had visual acuity of counting finger (CF). Post laser best corrected visual acuity after one month of 6/6-6/9 was recorded in 43(46.39%) patients ,6/12-6/18 in 27(29.34%), 6/24-6/36 in 13(14.13%)and 6/60 & below in 9(9.71%) patients. Conclusion: Post laser best corrected visual acuity is highly improved with Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy in posterior capsular opacification.

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2

Abdulwaahb, Hala Mahmood, Bassam G. Rasheed, and Hanadi H. Altawil. "Deposition of MgO Nanoparticles by Laser Pyrolysis." Al-Nahrain Journal for Engineering Sciences 25, no. 1 (April 3, 2022): 20–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.29194/njes.25010020.

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Magnesium oxide nanoparticles were deposited by laser pyrolysis process. Three types of lasers were employed CW CO2, Q-switched Nd-YAG (short pulses) and long pulses Nd-YAG lasers. The size and density of nanoparticles vary with laser energy, power, pulse duration and the scanning speed of the laser. In this method, MgO nanoparticles were deposited by a laser beam on a quartz substrate from aqueous solution of magnesium nitrate. AFM images reveal formation of small nanoparticle size of 24.5 nm with surface roughness 6.97nm by Q-switched Nd-YAG laser (10 ns) when the energy was 1J. While for CO2 laser, the smallest size was 18.8 nm at 0.4mm/s scanning speed with surface roughness 5.21nm at the same scanning speed. Moreover, long Nd-YAG pulses laser produces relatively larger average size of 37.5nm at 0.8ms pulse duration. The absorption spectra from UV-Visible spectroscopy were also conducted. The best absorption intensity was obtained at a wavelength ranging between 420-430 nm for both lasers. Finally, Thermal analysis using COMSOL Multiphysics software for the deposition process reveals that maximum temperature about 440Kfor Q-Switched Nd-YAG laser at 1J laser energy. While for RF CO2 laser, the maximum temperature obtained at 0.4mm/s scanning speed is 850K.This work provides a good knowledge for the deposition of nanoparticles using laser beams.

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Perng, Reury-Perng, Yu-Chin Lee, and Kuo-Hwa Chiang. "Nd-YAG Laser Treatment for Tracheobronchial Obstruction." Diagnostic and Therapeutic Endoscopy 3, no. 2 (January 1, 1996): 107–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/dte.3.107.

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The Nd-YAG laser has good tissue penetration and coagulation effects thus has become an important weapon for photoresection of tracheobronchial obstructive lesions since 1980.Treatment of benign lesions including benign tumors and scar tissues using the Nd-YAG laser has good results. In the treatment of malignant tumors however, it has a lower effectivity rate when compared to benign lesions. From July 1984 to September 1995, a total of 65 patients were treated with Nd-YAG laser for tracheobronchial obstruction. There were 32 (49%) malignant tumors and 33 (51%) benign lesions. 116 resections were performed in 48 patients using the non-contact Nd-YAG laser (MBB, Medilas 2) before 1992. Thereafter, another 41 resections were performed in 17 cases using contact Nd-YAG laser (SLT, CL-X). The overall effectivity rate was 60%. The effectivity rate for benign lesions was 81.3% and 39.4% for malignant tumor. The effectivity rate between non-contact and contact Nd-YAG laser was not significantly different.

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4

Journal, Baghdad Science. "A comparative study of the effects of argon laser and continuous Nd: YAG laser on blood vessel." Baghdad Science Journal 7, no. 1 (March 7, 2010): 113–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.21123/bsj.7.1.113-118.

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Several types of laser are used in experimental works in order to study the effects of laser on blood vessel. They differ from each other by a lot of properties mainly in wavelength, energy of the laser and pulse duration. In this study argon laser (488 nm- 514 nm) and continuous Nd: YAG laSer (1064 nm), have been applied to 50 samples of sheep blgod tesselS. Histologically, tha results of the study were different According to the txpe of L`sar used; apgon larer had distrabtave effects on $he blood vessal while continuous Nd: YAG laser Appeaped to be the safesd one on the blmod vessel architecture. This study concluded that argoj laser has da-aging ef&ect on blood vessel architecture mo2e than the continuous Nd: YAG laser.

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5

Park, Jung I. "Nd-Yag Laser Use in Face-Lift Surgery." American Journal of Cosmetic Surgery 13, no. 3 (September 1996): 239–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/074880689601300309.

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The use of the Nd-Yag laser with contact tip for face-lift surgery has significantly reduced postoperative ecchymosis. The Nd-Yag laser causes less tissue damage than electrocautery, and has a better ability to coagulate blood vessels than the CO2 laser. This paper describes laser physics and the mechanics of the Nd-Yag laser contact tip and the clinical applications, and shows results of patients who have had the procedure done with the Nd-Yag laser contact tip. There was very little evidence of ecchymosis postoperatively, which enables patients to return to social activities and/or work rapidly.

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6

Al-Hosiny, N. M., A. A. El-Maaref, and R. M. El-Agmy. "Mitigation of Thermal Effects in End Pumping of Nd : YAG and Composite YAG/Nd : YAG Laser Crystas, Modelling and Experiments-=SUP=-1-=/SUP=-." Журнал технической физики 91, no. 8 (2021): 1268. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/jtf.2021.08.51103.38-21.

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In this work, we have presented a finite element (FE) numerical modelling simulations to study and analyze the thermal effects in Nd : YAG and composite YAG/Nd : YAG laser rods. We have calculated the temperature distributions, stress intensity and thermal focal lengths at different pump powers for both rods. The FE simulations showed that using composite laser rod of undoped cap reduces the maximum value of stress intensity and thermal focal length by ~35% and ~ 50%, respectively. We have verified the FE calculations experimentally by direct measurement of focal length of thermally induced lens by using Hartmann-Shack wavefront sensor. Good agreement was obtained between FE calculations and experimental measurements. Keywords: Nd : YAG lasers, Thermal lens, Wavefront sensing, solid state lasers.

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7

Cattoni, Francesca, Lucrezia Ferrante, Sara Mandile, Giulia Tetè, Elisabetta Maria Polizzi, and Giorgio Gastaldi. "Comparison of Lasers and Desensitizing Agents in Dentinal Hypersensitivity Therapy." Dentistry Journal 11, no. 3 (February 27, 2023): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/dj11030063.

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The main objective of this review is to verify the validity of laser therapy in the treatment of dentin hypersensitivity, an extremely common problem in patients, with Nd: YAG lasers or high- and/or low-power diode lasers to obtain a definitive protocol for the treatment of hypersensitivity, given the multiplicity of laser treatments proposed by the numerous authors evaluated. The authors performed an electronic search on PubMed, favouring it as a search engine. Lasers represent a means of treating dentin hypersensitivity, used alone and/or in conjunction with specific products for the treatment of such a pathology. The selected articles that examined diode lasers were divided according to the wattage (w) used: low-level laser therapy protocols, i.e., those using a wattage of less than 1 W, and high-level laser therapy protocols, i.e., those using a wattage of 1 W or more. Regarding the Nd: YAG laser, it was not necessary to subdivide the studies in this way, as they used a wattage of 1 W or more. A total of 21 articles were included in the final selection. Laser therapy was found to be effective in the treatment of dentin hypersensitivity. However, the level of effectiveness depends on the laser used. The results obtained from this review show that both the Nd: YAG laser and the diode laser (high and low power) are effective in the treatment of dentin hypersensitivity. However, the high-power laser appears to be more effective in combination with fluoride varnish and the Nd: YAG laser achieved greater long-term benefits than the diode laser.

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Al-Bakaa, Muhammad K., Muhsin A. Al-Dhalimi, Prabhatchandra Dube, and Fatimah K. Khalaf. "Evaluating the Roles of Different Types of Laser Therapy in Becker’s Nevus Treatment." Journal of Clinical Medicine 11, no. 14 (July 21, 2022): 4230. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11144230.

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Becker’s nevus (BN) is a cutaneous hamartoma of benign nature that develops through adolescence and affects mostly young men. The nevus is usually located unilaterally and is characterized by hypertrichosis and hyperpigmentation. Despite recent advances in treatment modalities, no effective treatment has been established for BN hyperpigmentation. We sought to assess the efficacy and safety of fractional Erbium: YAG 2940 nm and Q-switched Nd: YAG 1064 nm lasers in the treatment of BN hyperpigmentation. Twenty-three patients with BN were included in a prospective, randomized-controlled, observer-blinded, split-lesion comparative technique trial. In each patient, two similar square test regions were randomized to either be treated with a fractional Erbium: YAG 2940 nm laser or with a Q-switched Nd: YAG 1064 nm laser. Each patient was treated with three sessions at six-week intervals. At the follow-up, clearance of hyperpigmentation was assessed by physician global assessment, visual analogue scale, grade of improvement, patient global assessment, and patient satisfaction. Regions treated with the fractional Erbium: YAG 2940 nm laser demonstrated significantly better improvement compared to ones treated with the Q-switched Nd: YAG 1064 nm (p-value = 0.001) laser. Adverse effects such as repigmentation and hypertrophic scarring were not reported during the follow-up period. The outcomes were cosmetically acceptable with overall high satisfaction among the included patients. Our data suggest a superior role for the fractional Erbium: YAG (2940 nm) laser in the treatment of BN hyperpigmentation compared to the Q-switched Nd: YAG (1064 nm) laser, along with being a safer method and having no reported side effects.

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9

Reddy Banda, Naveen, Vanaja Reddy G, and N. Shashikiran. "Evaluation of Primary Tooth Enamel Surface Morphology and Microhardness after Nd: YAG Laser Irradiation and APF Gel Treatment—An in vitro study." Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry 35, no. 4 (July 1, 2011): 377–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.17796/jcpd.35.4.8550556gp6r5xt6t.

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Objective: Laser irradiation and fluoride has been used as a preventive tool to combat dental caries in permanent teeth, but little has been done for primary teeth which are more prone to caries. The purpose of this study was to evaluate microhardness alterations in the primary tooth enamel after Nd-YAG laser irradiation alone and combined with topical fluoride treatment either before or after Nd-YAG laser irradiation.Method: Ten primary molars were sectioned and assigned randomly to: control group, Nd-YAG laser irradiation,Nd-YAG lasing before APF and APF followed by Nd-YAG lasing. The groups were evaluated for microhardness. Surface morphological changes were observed using SEM. Results: Statistical comparisons were performed. The control group's SEM showed a relatively smooth enamel surface and lasing group had fine cracks and porosities. In the lasing + fluoride group a homogenous confluent surface was seen. In the fluoride + lasing group an irregular contour with marked crack propagation was noted. There was a significant increase in the microhardness of the treatment groups. Conclusion: Nd-YAG laser irradiation and combined APF treatment of the primary tooth enamel gave morphologically hardened enamel surface which can be a protective barrier against a cariogenic attack

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10

Gueorgieva, Tzvetelina G., and Raina T. Gergova. "INVESTIGATION OF ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF ND: YAG - LASER AND STANDARD ENDODONTIC TREATMENT." Journal of IMAB - Annual Proceeding (Scientific Papers) 27, no. 2 (May 24, 2021): 3736–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5272/jimab.2021272.3736.

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Introduction: The microbial infection is one of the main causes of the dental pulp and periodontal diseases. Previously used methods for its elimination are not fully effective, and often some microorganisms in root canals (RC) remain unaffected after treatment. Another modern method for disinfection of root canal system is laser disinfection. Different types of lasers are used - Nd: YAG, Er: YAG, Diode laser. Purpose: The purpose of our study is to compare the antibacterial activity of ND: YAG laser and conventional endodontic therapy in the treatment of infected root canals. Materials and methods The study involved 36 teeth of patients diagnosed with pulp gangrene or chronic periapical periodontitis, requiring endodontic treatment. They were divided into two groups of 18 teeth each one. The teeth in both groups are prepared by Protaper Universal rotary instruments (Maillefer Instruments SA, Ballaigues, Switzerland). In group 1the root canals disinfection is performed with a Nd: YAG laser (source of Nd: YAG laser (1064 nm) is the AT Fidelis - Fotona d.d., Ljubljana laser system). In group 2 was used the following protocol of root canal disinfection: 2.5% sodium hypochlorite solution and 17% EDTA divided by irrigation with distilled water. Then a sterile paper point is placed in the root canals, and a microbiological sample is taken again. Results: In all compared pairs, there was no significantly different effect regarding the number of microorganisms. Conclusions: The disinfection rinsing method with NaOCl has the strongest antimicrobial effect in clinical studies (90% against all microbial isolates). The use of Nd: YAG laser independently is not always sufficient for root canal disinfection - the effect is about 66%.

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11

Furukawa, Kinya, Tetsuya Okunaka, Hideki Yamamoto, Takaaki Tsuchida, Jitsuo Usuda, Hideo Kumasaka, Junzou Ishida, Chimori Konaka, and Harubumi Kato. "Effectiveness of Photodynamic Therapy and Nd-YAG Laser Treatment for Obstructed Tracheobronchial Malignancies." Diagnostic and Therapeutic Endoscopy 5, no. 3 (January 1, 1999): 161–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/dte.5.161.

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Since 1980, advanced lung carcinomas were treated with palliative laser therapy for the purpose of opening the endobronchial stenosis and obstruction by either photodynamic therapy (PDT) or Nd-YAG laser treatment at Tokyo Medical University. A total of 258 lesions were treated, 81 by PDT and 177 by Nd-YAG laser treatment. PDT achieved effective results in 61 (75%) of 81 lesions. In the Nd-YAG laser group, 143 (81%) of 177 lesions showed effective results. When the tumor was located in the trachea or main bronchi, effective results were obtained in 73% (19 of 26) of cases treated by PDT and in 93% of cases (64 of 69) treated by Nd-YAG laser. However, in cases in which the tumor was located in lobar or segmental bronchi, the tumor response was effective in 76% (42 of 55) of PDT-treated patients and 73% (79 of 108) of Nd-YAG laser-treated patients. With a mortality rate of 0%, the greatest advantage of PDT over Nd-YAG treatment was safety. Considering complications, PDT seems to be useful for obstruction of lobar and segmental bronchus. Nevertheless, when deciding among alternative therapies, physicians treating patients with advanced lung carcinoma should give careful consideration to the benefit and complications of both laser therapies and decide the most suitable modality.

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12

Saiki, T., T. Iwashita, J. Sakamoto, T. Hayashi, T. Nakamachi, Y. Fujimoto, Y. Iida, and M. Nakatsuka. "Rod-Type Ce/Cr/Nd : YAG Ceramic Lasers with White-Light Pump Source." International Journal of Optics 2022 (September 19, 2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/8480676.

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Ceramic is promising for use as a solid-laser material pumped with solar or lamp light. We developed a Cr3+ ion doped Nd : YAG ceramic laser that converts white light into near-infrared laser light more efficiently. Investigation of its optical properties has revealed that large gain can be realized with excitation power that is one order of magnitude less than that in the case of Nd : YAG. Ce3+ ion doping also makes it possible to utilize the excitation light components with wavelengths of 350 nm or less, preventing generation of color centers. A rod-type Ce3+/Cr3+/Nd : YAG ceramic pumped by white light such as solar light or flash lamp light was developed. Fluorescence lifetime of ceramic was measured. Laser oscillations at free running mode were observed. Also, numerical calculation for output laser power and gain at lasing threshold was performed. Fluorescence lifetime increased as temperature rose, which was observed in Cr/Nd : YAG ceramic. This increase suggests the existence of a cross-relaxation effect. Maximum output laser energy of 73 mJ with the peak power of 330 W was obtained. Obtained output laser energy was around twice more than that in case of Cr3+/Nd : YAG ceramic with the same Nd and Cr ion concentration.

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13

Harrer, S., K. Rigal, and M. Rossmann. "CW-Nd : YAG-Laser-Sklerostomie." Spektrum der Augenheilkunde 9, no. 5 (October 1995): 208–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03163944.

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Bunnage, S. M., and M. J. Bennett. "Nd-YAG LASER AIRWAY SURGERY." Anesthesiology 63, Supplement (September 1985): A162. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-198509001-00162.

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15

Stupak, V. V., A. V. Kalinovsky, S. V. Maiorov, and S. G. Struts. "Clinical results of basal meningiomas laser surgery." Bulletin of Siberian Medicine 7, no. 5-2 (December 30, 2008): 399–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.20538/1682-0363-2008-5-2-399-402.

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Methods of surgical treatment of patients with skull base meningiomas using high intensity infrared laser radiation (ND-YAG laser) at a wavelength of 1.06 micron were developed. The paper presents results of Nd-YAG laser application in skull base meningioma removal with assessment of its efficacy as compared with conventional surgical methods.

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Zubair, Maria, Uzma Ali Kant, Muhammad Rizwan Baloch, Misbah Munchi, Bilal Humayun Mirza, and Fuad A. K. Niazi. "Frequency of Raised Intraocular Pressure and its Correlations to the energy used following Neodymium YAG Laser Posterior Capsulotomy in Pseudophakes." Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College 24, no. 2 (June 26, 2020): 144–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.37939/jrmc.v24i2.1335.

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Objective: To determine the frequency of raised intraocular pressure in pseudophakic undergoing Nd YAG laser posterior capsulotomy. To compare the frequency of raised intraocular pressure in pseudophakic undergoing high and low energy Nd YAG laser posterior capsulotomy Methods: This Descriptive case series included 140 patients with pseudophakic posterior capsular opacity. After dilating the pupils with tropicamide Nd YAG laser posterior capsulotomy was performed and the total amount of energy used was noted. The frequency of raised IOP in post-laser patients and comparison of frequencies of raised IOP undergoing high and low energy Nd YAG laser posterior capsulotomies (≤ 50 MJ labeled as low energy and > 50 MJ labeled as high energy) were calculated Results: The mean age was 57.37 ±8.74. Mean pre laser IOP was 15.15 and post-laser IOP was 17.50. The rise in IOP was normal in 82.9% and raised in 17.1%. In lower energy group normal IOP was found in 35.7% and raised in 2.9%. In a higher energy group, normal IOP was found in 47.1%, and raised IOP was found to be 14.3%. Conclusion: Higher the energy used during the Nd YAG laser posterior capsulotomy procedure, more is the chance of a rise in post-laser intraocular pressure as compared to those in which lesser energy was being used.

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Wang, Ying Chun, Yu Yong Yang, and Mei Chun Wang. "Bioceramic Composite Coatings Fabricated by Nd-YAG Laser Cladding Process on Ti6Al4V Substrate." Applied Mechanics and Materials 198-199 (September 2012): 68–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.198-199.68.

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Laser cladding technology was adopted to fabricate hydroxyapatite(HAP) and calcium phosphate compound coating according to the feature that a metallurgical bonding can be formed by laser cladding process. Compared with CO2laser, Nd-YAG laser has different wavelength(the former is 1.06μm and the latter is 10.06μm). Metal and ceramic material has quite different absorbance ability towards them and thus they can generate different laser cladding products by these two laser surface processings with different wavelength. This paper presents a new process and mechanism analysis to obtain bioceramic composite coating on Ti6Al4V substrate by Nd-YAG laser cladding. A bioceramic composite coating including HAP，Ca2P2O7，Ca3(PO4)2and calcium titanates and was successfully obtained by Nd-YAG laser cladding with pre-depositing mixed powders of CaHPO4•2H2O and CaCO3directly on Ti6Al4V substrate. Nd-YAG laser transmits mixed powders of CaHPO4•2H2O and CaCO3and the laser power is absorbed by Ti6Al4V substrate to produce a thin layer of molten region. There are mainly two kinds of chemical reaction systems in the coating during laser cladding processing. When CaHPO4•2H2O and CaCO3react together, they make calcium phosphate bioceramic products; The microstructure of the bioceramic composite coating is even and minute because of the rapid solidification in laser processing. A chemical metallergical bonding is formed between the boceramic composite coating and Ti6Al4V substrate. It can also be expected that Nd-YAG laser cladding technology can be used as a further modification procedure to enhance HAp/metal interface property.

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Jabbar, Maryam, Muhammad Siddique, Naseer Fatima, Faisal Rashid, Ammara Nasir, and Abid Hussain. "Intraocular Pressure and its Variation with Total Amount of Energy used Following Nd: YAG Capsulotomy in Pseudophakic." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 16, no. 5 (May 26, 2022): 295–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs22165295.

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Purpose: The objective of the study was how Nd: YAG laser capsulotomy affected IOP and how it changed with the amount of energy utilised. Methods: A prospective, multi ccentered study was conducted between September 2021 to February 2022 in Ophthalmology Department departments. Total of sixty pseudophakic eyes of both genders, age ranging between 40 to 60 years with significant posterior capsular opacity following uncomplicated cataract surgery were included through non-probability purposive sampling technique. Inflammation, ocular malignancies, posterior segment disease, and systemic disease participants were all ruled excluded. After detailed history and ocular examination, Nd: YAG laser posterior capsulotomy was done. Patients were divided into two groups on the basis of total amount of laser energy used was noted as high energy (>50mJ) and low energy (<50mJ) and then post-laser IOP after one hour and 24 hours measured. Data was analyzed by using SPSS through repeated measure ANOVA for comparison of quantitative variables. Results: Best corrected visual acuity after Nd: YAG capsulotomy improved significantly (P=0.001). Pre-laser IOP was 14.01± 2.95 mmHg. Mean high energy was 76mJ and low energy 40mJ. Elevated IOP was seen in 55 patients, significantly increase in IOP after 1 hour in both groups (P=0.000). After 24hours IOP change was significantly higher in high energy group (p=0.033) than in low energy. Post-laser IOP after 1 hour in high energy group was 21.89±4.59 mmHg and in low energy group 16.79±2.89 mmHg. IOP after 24hour in high energy group was 19.89± 3.05 mmHg and in low energy group 14.98±1.79 mmHg. Conclusions: After Nd: YAG laser capsulotomy, there is a considerable increase in IOP, which varies depending on the overall amount of energy used. Greater the amount of Nd-YAG energy has significantly higher chances of raising IOP. Hence, it was suggested that each patient after Nd: YAG capsulotomy must monitored for IOP variation. Keywords: Intraocular pressure, Nd: YAG capsulotomy, Energy level, Posterior capsular opacity, Visual acuity

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Hussein, Fatma, and Hisham Imam. "The Effect of Eggshell and Seashell Nanoparticles Alone and Combined With Nd: YAG Laser on Occlusion and Remineralization Potential of Patent Dentinal Tubules: An In Vitro Study." Journal of Lasers in Medical Sciences 13 (October 5, 2022): e43. http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/jlms.2022.43.

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Introduction: There is an interest in developing materials with bioactive potential that could block exposed dentinal tubules. This study compared the effects of eggshell and seashell nanoparticles individually or combined with ND:YAG laser on dentinal tubules occlusion and remineralization. Methods: Fifty radicular dentin discs were prepared from freshly extracted human premolars. The smear layer created by cutting was removed using 37% phosphoric acid gel for 15 sec. The discs were divided into five groups according to the applied treatment(A) (n = 10 each): (A1) control, (A2); Nano eggshells, (A3); Nano seashells, (A4); Nano eggshells + Nd: YAG Laser, and (A5); Nano sea shell + Nd: YAG Laser. Each specimen was evaluated for tubular patency and mineral contents before and after each therapy using ESEM-EDXA energy dispersive spectroscopy for the assessment of tubule occlusion and remineralization. Results: ESEM results revealed a statistically significant decrease in the mean percent changes of the dentinal tubules number after the treatment of the experimental groups compared to the control. The greatest percent decrease was recorded in the seashell NPs + Nd: YAG laser, followed by the eggshell NPs + Nd: YAG laser, then Eggshell NPs only and then Seashell NPs only, while the lowest percentage decrease was recorded in the control group. EDXA revealed that the greatest percentage increase in Ca wt% was recorded in the Eggshell + Nd:YAG laser group, followed by Eggshell only, then Seashell only and then Seashell NPs + Nd: YAG laser, while the lowest percent increase was recorded in the control group. The post hoc test revealed no significant difference between the experimental groups. Conclusions: Both eggshell and seashell nanoparticles are effective in the occlusion and remineralization of dentinal tubules. The combined treatments with Nd: YAG laser had no benefits when compared to the effect of treatments alone.

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Li Bin, 李斌, 丁欣 Ding Xin, 孙冰 Sun Bing, 盛泉 Sheng Quan, 姜鹏波 Jiang Pengbo, 张巍 Zhang Wei, 刘简 Liu Jian, 范琛 Fan Chen, 张海永 Zhang Haiyong, and 姚建铨 Yao Jianquan. "Laser-Diode-Pumped Coaxial Double Crystals Nd∶YAG/Nd∶YVO4Cr∶YAG Passively Q-Switched Laser." Chinese Journal of Lasers 42, no. 4 (2015): 0402003. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/cjl201542.0402003.

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Singh, Lakshman, and Sachin Singh. "Mathematical Modeling of Thermal Lensing effect on Nd-Yag Laser Rod in Trans-Receiver Optoelectronics Avionics Assembly and its Interferometric Measurement." International Journal of Computational Physics Series 1, no. 1 (February 27, 2018): 65–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.29167/a1i1p65-76.

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The Nd-Yag laser Rod commonly used Laser Generation element in Optical Detection & Ranging System of Military Aircraft. This research paper points out different issues of Nd-Yag Laser rod during Laboratory test. The paper discuses the thermal lensing phenomenon in the Nd-Yag Laser Rod which causes a thermal fracture in a rod, variation in laser power, measurement error and commutative low accuracy effect in the higher optical assembly. The research find out major unavoidable reasons in the optical assembly which cause thermal lensing phenomenon and formulated a generic mathematical model for the same. This research analyzed the lab observation of thermal lensing by Interferometric measurement and recommended the best suited optical assembly-tuning-alignment procedure for laser- based avionics system based on the research findings.

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Khan, Iqbal Hassan, Annum Ashraf, Uzma Sarwar, Amna Munir, Habiba Tariq, Aijaz Z. Khan Chachar, and Azam Bukhari. "Comparison of Efficacy of Nd-YAG Laser with Adjuvant Eflornithine Cream versus Nd-YAG Laser alone for the treatment of facial hirsutism in women." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 15, no. 7 (July 26, 2021): 1685–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs211571685.

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Background: Hirsutism is an important array of clinical syndrome that ranges from various dermatological to gynecological concerns. This is characterized by growth terminal hairs in women in male-pattern. Aim: To compare the efficacy of Nd-YAG laser with adjuvant eflornithine cream versus Nd-YAG laser treatment alone for facial hirsutism in women. Methods: It was a Randomized Controlled Trial conducted in the Department of Dermatology, Shalamar Hospital, Lahore from 25th February, 2020 to 25th October, 2020. Sampling technique used was probability consecutive sampling. In this study female cases with age 18-40 years with Fitzpatrick type III-IV were enrolled having facial hirsutism for > 6 months and were randomly allocated in two groups A and B. In group A, cases were provided with eflornithine cream to apply on face after cleaning and drying in the form of a thin film only on the treatment area every night. Results: A total 162 cases (81 in each group) were enrolled in this study. Mean age of the subjects in group B and A was 30.23±5.43 vs 30.94±4.88 years. Efficacy was observed in 64(79.01%) cases in group B managed with ND-Yag laser alone and 78(96.30%) cases in group A managed with ND-Yag laser along with Eflornithine with p=0.001. For age group 30-40 years efficacy in group B was 41(80.39%) cases and in all the 49(100%) cases in group A with p= 0.001.In cases with BMI up to 25 kg/m2 efficacy in group B and A was observed in 44(88%) vs 49(100%) cases (p=0.03) and those with BMI more than this, this efficacy was found in 20(64.52%) and 29(90.63%) cases respectively with p=0.02. Conclusion: Efficacy in facial hirsutism is significantly better in ND-Yag laser combined with Eflornithine as compared to ND-Yag laser alone and this difference is also significantly better for combination group in terms of age group 30-40 years, BMI up to 25mg/m2 and in those with duration of complaint upto 2 years. Keywords: Hirsutism, Efficacy, Eflornithine, Nd-YAG laser

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Hendawy, Alyaa Farouk, Dalia Gamal Aly, Hisham Aly Shokeir, and Nevien Ahmed Samy. "Comparative Study Between the efficacy of Long-Pulsed Neodymium- YAG Laser and Fractional Co2 Laser in the Treatment of Striae Distensae." Journal of Lasers in Medical Sciences 12, no. 1 (October 9, 2021): e57-e57. http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/jlms.2021.57.

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Introduction: Stretch marks, or striae distensae (SD), are the lesions of the dermis caused by its linear atrophy at the sites of stretching. They occur in more than 70% of pregnant women and adolescents as a result of cutaneous stretching. This study aimed at evaluating and comparing the clinical and histological efficacy of the fractional CO2 laser versus the long pulsed (LP) Nd: YAG laser in the treatment of striae alba. Methods: Thirty female subjects having bilateral symmetrical stretch marks were managed by the LP Nd: YAG laser on the right side and the fractional CO2 laser on the left side. The laser treatment course consisted of 3 sessions with an interval of 3 weeks. The patient satisfaction score and the Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale (GAIS) were employed in the study in order to assess the improvement 3 months after therapy. Punch biopsies measuring 4 mm were extracted from one lesion on each side at baseline and after the last treatment session by 3 months to evaluate the thickness of both collagen and epidermis Results: Clinical improvement was more significant in the lesions treated by the LP Nd:YAG laser than those treated with the fractional CO2 laser. The patient satisfaction score and the GAIS were higher with a statistically significant value in the side treated by the LP Nd:YAG laser. Collagen and epidermal thickness increased more in the LP Nd: YAG laser-treated lesions in comparison to their thickness in the fractional CO2 laser-managed lesions, but this difference did not have a statistical significance. Conclusion: The clinical efficacy of the LP Nd-YAG laser exceeded that of the fractional CO2 laser in the treatment of striae alba without severe side effects in spite of the insignificant histological difference between the two lasers.

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Zhang, Xue Jian, Chun Li, Hai Lin, Qin Lin Li, and Jing He Liu. "Nd,Yb:YAG Laser Crystal Production and its Property." Advanced Materials Research 842 (November 2013): 293–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.842.293.

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To produce Nd, of Yb: YAG laser crystal by use of medium frequency induction heating Czochralski method.Taking advantage of the XRD, absorption spectra and fluorescence spectra on the crystal of the phase structure of and spectral to analyze the performance of structureshows that: Nd, Yb: YAG crystals belong to the cubic crystal system with the lattice parameters a = 1.2021 nm. There is a strong absorption in the 808nm but under the common temperature Nd, Yb: YAG crystal fluorescence spectra of the strongest fluorescence emission peak at 1030nm, attributable to the Yb3 + ion 2F5/22F7/2 level transition

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Abdullah, Nazik E., and Nafie A. Al-Muslet. "Use of the Nd-YAG Laser for Inferior Turbinectomy: A comparative study." Clinical medicine. Ear, nose and throat 3 (January 2010): CMENT.S3740. http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/cment.s3740.

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Nasal obstruction resulting from inferior turbinate hypertrophy was treated by Nd-YAG laser inferior turbinectomy (laser IT). The effectiveness of the procedure was assessed and compared with both functional endoscopic turbinoplasty (turbinoplasty) and conventional partial turbinectomy (conventional IT). Materials and methods A retrospective analytic study was carried out for 53 patients suffering from inferior turbinate hypertrophy. Twenty patients underwent Nd-YAG Laser IT (Group 1), 24 patients underwent turbinoplasy (Group 2) and 9 patients underwent conventional IT (Group 3). Improvement in nasal symptoms were assessed. Intra-operative bleeding, duration of hospital stay, and post-operative medications and instrumentation were compared between the three groups. Results The symptoms of sneezing, hyposmia and rhinorhoea were significantly reduced post-operatively among patients in the three groups and there were no differences statistically between them. The Nd-YAG laser turbinectomy group showed marked reduction in blood loss (average = 12 ml per patient) compared to the turbinoplasy group (average = 181 ml per patient) and conventional IT group (average 201 ml per patient). Hospital stay was much shorter in the laser IT group (average = 0.05 days) compared to Group 2 (1.2 days) and Group 3 (1.3 days). Only one patient in the laser IT group required nasal packing, whereas all patients in the other two groups required nasal packing routinely. Conclusions Nd-YAG laser IT was effective in reducing the symptoms of nasal obstruction, as well as other nasal symptoms without significant complications. The Nd-YAG laser is recommended as an alternative method, when applicable, in treating patients with nasal obstruction resulting from inferior turbinate hypertrophy.

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Kubeček, V., and M. Vrbová. "Nd: YAG laser with plasma mirror." Laser and Particle Beams 6, no. 2 (May 1988): 219–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034600003967.

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Nd: YAG laser action controlled by a solid target-plasma reflectivity is reported. A quasi-continuous mode-locking pulse train consisting of 26 ± 4 ps pulses was observed using a two-stage laser amplifier and a carbon target. A single pulse energy of 0.2 mJ and a peak power density at the target of about 1011 W/cm2 were measured.

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Saiki, T., N. Hirota, S. Kanemori, and Y. Iida. "Q-Switched and Mode-Locked Nd/Cr:YAG Ceramic Pulse Laser." International Journal of Optics 2020 (February 14, 2020): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/4084587.

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A mode-locked and Q-switched short pulse laser using the Nd3+/Cr3+:YAG ceramic has been constructed with a SESAM and Cr4+:YAG crystal optical switch based on excite state absorption (ESA). Laser oscillations of the pulse laser were observed experimentally. The Nd/Cr:YAG ceramic laser has a high conversion efficiency from white light (such as lamp light or solar light) to the laser. The Nd/Cr:YAG ceramic has a higher laser gain than the Nd:YAG laser for the same pumping power. The laser oscillation can be obtained very easily. A single-mode-locked laser pulse with fast modulation on the order of 100 ps was obtained in some pump power regimes when using the Cr4+:YAG crystal. The obtained pulse duration of the short pulse was a few hundred ps. A maximum peak power of 60 kW was obtained when using a SESAM. The same level of peak power (60 kW) was also obtained when using the Cr4+:YAG crystal.

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Angela Toshie Araki, Alexandre Gomes Bezerra, Priscila Alonso Henriques, Andrea Kanako Yamazaki Arasaki, Igor Prokopowitsch, and Celso Luis Caldeira. "Analysis of apical sealing of canals irradiated with Er: YAG and Nd: YAG lasers and filled with AH Plus®." RSBO 10, no. 1 (March 28, 2014): 20–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.21726/rsbo.v10i1.889.

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Laser technology is gaining increasing importance in dental practice and also in the field of Endodontics with its ability to promote disinfection and experimentally in the preparation of root canal. The action of different types of lasers results in changes representing the increase in permeability of dentinal tissue (Er: YAG) or sometimes by a decrease in melting and recrystallization of dentin (Nd: YAG). Objective: this study assessed through apical dye leakage, the influence of irradiation with two types of laser, regarding to the quality of apical sealing of endodontic fillings. Material and methods:Thirty-six single-rooted teeth were used after being prepared with the ProFile system up to size #40 instrument and then divided into four experimental and two control groups. The technique used previously to the filling was as follows: G1 – not irradiated; G2 – irradiated with Er: YAG; G3 – irradiated with Nd: YAG and G4 – irradiated with Er: YAG followed by Nd: YAG. After external waterproofing and dry, the specimens were filled with a cold vertical condensation technique, using AH Plus sealer, and immediately immersed into 0.5% methylene blue solution for subsequent cleavage. The linear values of apical marginal leakage were obtained with the aid of an optical microscope connected to a computer using the Image Lab® software. Results: Data analysis showed the non-existence of statistically significant (p = 0.05) differences between different groups. Conclusion: It was concluded that the laser does not have influence on the apical sealing.

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Hirota, Joji, Yasuhiro Miyazaki, Makoto Yamamoto, Takuo Nobori, and Masaru Ohyama. "Antrostomy with Nd-YAG Laser irradiation." JOURNAL OF JAPAN SOCIETY FOR LASER SURGERY AND MEDICINE 6, no. 3 (1986): 461–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2530/jslsm1980.6.3_461.

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Zhang Yongqin, 张永芹, 张松 Zhang Song, 邓勇 Deng Yong, and 张书练 Zhang Shulian. "Nd∶YAG Microchip Laser Feedback Interferometer." Chinese Journal of Lasers 40, no. 3 (2013): 0302002. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/cjl201340.0302002.

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31

Ishizuka, Bunpei, Juichiro Saito, Hiroshi Horikoshi, and Akira Amemiya. "Hysteroscopic surgery using Nd; YAG laser." JOURNAL OF JAPAN SOCIETY FOR LASER SURGERY AND MEDICINE 16, Supplement (1995): 63–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2530/jslsm1980.16.supplement_63.

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Tomita, Mami, and Kazuhiko Hara. "Anterior capsulotomy by Nd-YAG laser." JOURNAL OF JAPAN SOCIETY FOR LASER SURGERY AND MEDICINE 6, no. 3 (1986): 465–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2530/jslsm1980.6.3_465.

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FUKAMI, Masaya, Kiyonori TAKIGUCHI, Kouji MANABE, Tetuo ASHIKAWA, Shyuichi ARAI, and Tomohiko ENDOU. "Nd-YAG Laser for Otorhinolaryngological Treatments." JOURNAL OF JAPAN SOCIETY FOR LASER SURGERY AND MEDICINE 7, no. 3 (1987): 163–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2530/jslsm1980.7.3_163.

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34

JAVED, EJAZ AHMAD, ZIA UD DIN AHMAD, and MUHAMMAD SULTAN. "ND: YAG LASER CAPSULOTOMY AND COMPLICATIONS." Professional Medical Journal 14, no. 04 (October 12, 2007): 616–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2007.14.04.4818.

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Objectives: To evaluate the complications of Nd:Yag laser when applied onpostoperative posterior capsule opacification (PCO), following extra capsular cataract extraction (ECCE) with intraocularlens (IOL). Design: Analytical and descriptive study. Setting: Eye OPD of DHQ Hospital, PMC and Clinic of ProfessorZia ud Din Ahmad, Faisalabad. Period: From Jan 2006 to Jan 2007. Material & Methods. There were 120 patients;age ranged from 15 years to 80 years with post operated extra capsular cataract extraction with posterior capsularopacification. A Proforma was made which included detailed history of diabetes, hypertension, time period of cataractextraction, other relevant surgical or medical history, and examination e.g. Visual acuity, slit lamp examination,intraocular pressure measurement (applanation tonometry) dilated posterior capsule examination and slit lampbiomicroscopy etc. The patients were kept under observation for 5 hour and called for follow up after one week.Results. Out of 120 patients 70 eyes showed visual improvement from 6/18 to 6/6 (58.34%), while 30 Shown visualacuity improvement from count figures to 6/24 (25%), mild anterior uveitis occurred in 8 cases (6.67%), corneal damagein 2 cases (1.6%) while transient raised Intraocular Pressure (IOP) in 7 cases (5.83%). The damage to IOL observedin 3(2.5%), the corneal damage was seen in 2 cases (1.67%). Conclusions: The Nd; Yag Laser is very effective, cheapand easy mode of treatment for PCO with minimal post laser complications.

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Akiyama, Yasuhiro, Mitsuo Sasaki, Naotada Okada, Hiroshi Yuasa, and Naoto Nishida. "Diode-Pumped Nd: YAG Rod Laser." Review of Laser Engineering 29, Supplement (2001): 59–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2184/lsj.29.supplement_59.

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Peter, Josephine, B. Doloi, and B. Bhattacharyya. "Nd: Yag Laser Marking on Aluminium." Reason-A Technical Journal 13 (July 1, 2016): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.21843/reas/2014/119-126/108190.

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37

Krawtz, Steve, Atul C. Mehta, Herbert P. Wiedemann, Glenn DeBoer, Kenneth D. Schoepf, and Marian Z. Tomaszewski. "Nd-YAG Laser-Induced Endobronchial Burn." Chest 95, no. 4 (April 1989): 916–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1378/chest.95.4.916.

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38

Kathuria, Y. P. "Nd-YAG laser assisted aluminum foaming." Journal of Materials Processing Technology 142, no. 2 (November 2003): 466–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-0136(03)00643-5.

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39

SANSEVERINO, R., A. GELET, X. MARTIN, and J. M. DUBERNARD. "Nd : YAG LASER IN ENDOSCOPIC UROLOGY." Le Journal de Physique Colloques 48, no. C7 (December 1987): C7–219—C7–220. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jphyscol:1987748.

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Balacco-Gabrieli, C., G. Avolio, V. V. Lorusso, and L. Castellano. "Nd-YAG Laser in Our Experience." Ophthalmologica 190, no. 2 (1985): 112–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000309503.

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41

Seppä, Heikki, Reidar Grenman, and Jouko Hartikainen. "Endonasal CO2-Nd: YAG laser dacryocystorhinostomy." Acta Ophthalmologica 72, no. 6 (May 27, 2009): 703–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-3768.1994.tb04684.x.

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42

Torre, Massimo, Modestina Grassi, Franco Pieri Nerli, Marco Maioli, and P. A. Belloni. "Nd-YAG Laser Pleurodesis Via Thoracoscopy." Chest 106, no. 2 (August 1994): 338–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1378/chest.106.2.338.

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43

Iwasaki, Masaru, Mitsuru Sasako, Toshiro Konishi, Yuji Maruyama, and Tatsuo Wada. "Nd-YAG laser for general surgery." Lasers in Surgery and Medicine 5, no. 4 (1985): 429–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lsm.1900050410.

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44

Sineok, A. E., A. V. Zolotarev, and G. A. Nikolaeva. "Morphological studies of the cadaveric sclera after nonpenetrating sclerotomy by ND: YAG laser." Russian Ophthalmological Journal 11, no. 4 (December 11, 2018): 64–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.21516/2072-0076-2018-11-4-64-67.

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Purpose: to reveal the changes of the morphological structure of cadaveric human sclera after Nd: YAG laser irradiation.Material and methods. Laser pulses (Nd: YAG) (Lumenis) (power 7.0–7.4 mW, pulse duration 4 ns, wavelength 1064 nm) were applied to the sclera of an isolated eyeball at a distance of 4 to 8 mm from the limbus. Three irradiation types were used: one series of single pulses, a series of triple pulses, and a series of six pulses.Results. Incisions created with single pulses showed insignificant surface defects of the sclera. In triple pulses, the defect of the anterior layers of the sclera capture affected 15 % of the scleral thickness, and in six pulses the defect reached 30 % of the scleral thickness.Conclusions. To achieve a punctate hole in the sclera, a single Nd: YAG pulse is insufficient. To obtain a significant depth of scleral incision at least a triple pulse is needed, which must be taken into account in clinical practice as well as in assessing the results of Nd: YAG laser impact on the rigidity of the sclera.

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Patel, Ohm Vrajlal, Neha Chandrakar, Piyush Bajaj, and Sonam Mahajan. "To evaluate the effects of Nd:YAG laser posterior capsulotomy on best corrected visual acuity (bcva) and intraocular pressure." Asian Journal of Medical Sciences 8, no. 5 (August 31, 2017): 93–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v8i5.17771.

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Background: Nd:YAG laser is non-invasive and effective means to deal with the posterior capsule opacification.However safe it may have some inherent complications. Rise of intraocular pressure is frequently encountered and incompletely understood complication of YAG laser capsulotomy and documented with conflicting results.Aims and Objective: To assess the efficacy of Nd: YAG laser capsulotomy in term of visual outcome(Best Corrected Visual Acuity) and also study the changes in IOP after the procedure.Materials and Methods: Study evaluated the changes in IOP and visual acuity after Nd-YAG laser capsulotomy in 100 eyes with significant PCO after uncomplicated cataract surgery with IOL implantation. Complete ocular examination including visual acuity, anterior segment examination with slit lamp, fundus and applanation tonometry were performed pre and post-laser in all cases. Posterior capsulotomy was done with VISULAS YAG III Q-switched Nd: YAG laser machine by ZEISS. IOP was recorded before and then at 1hour, 1 Day, 1 week and 1 month post-laser in order to determine the IOP changes.Results: Pre-laser visual acuity ranged from 1/60 to 6/12. Results showed statistically significant improvement in BCVA with 70% patients had BCVA 6/6, 21% had BCVA 6/9 and 8% having BCVA 6/12 post-laser at 1 month. It was observed that 36% of the patients showed no change in IOP while 64% patients showed elevated IOP. Among these 59% patients show rise in IOP that was ≤5 mm Hg while only 5% of the patients had a rise of more than IOP >5 mm Hg. Most of these patients achieved their baseline IOP within 1 day and only 7 % patient had rise in IOP compared to baseline IOP on day 1. None of the patients show elevated IOP after 1 week.Conclusion: Our study showed that Nd: YAG laser posterior capsulotomy provided excellent results in terms of visual improvement and most of the patients had a rise of <5mm Hg which was transient in nature and routine antiglaucoma medication may not be needed in all the patient undergoing Nd;Yag capsulotomy, however caution should be exercised in glaucomatous, aphakic, high myopic and other high risk patients.Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.8(5) 2017 93-97

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Chan, A., P. Armati, and A. P. Moorthy. "Pulsed Nd: YAG Laser Induces Pulpal Analgesia." Journal of Dental Research 91, no. 7_suppl (June 14, 2012): S79—S84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022034512447947.

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This double-blind, randomized, clinical trial investigated the effectiveness and underlying mechanism of neural inhibition of pulsed Nd:YAG laser induction of pulpal analgesia compared with 5% EMLA anesthetic cream. Forty-four paired premolars from 44 orthodontic patients requiring bilateral premolar extraction from either dental arch were randomly assigned to the ‘Laser plus Sham-EMLA’ or ‘EMLA plus Sham-Laser’ treatment group. Analgesia was tested by an Electric Pulp Tester (EPT) and the cutting of a standardized cavity, which was terminated when participants reported sensitivity, and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and numbness were recorded. Statistical analyses were done by paired t test, McNemar’s test, and a chi-squared test (p < 0.05). Sixty-eight percent of laser- and 59% of EMLA-treated teeth had completed cavities with statistically significant EPT increases above baseline. No significant within-patient differences were found for either group. No laser-treated participants reported numbness. The trial confirmed that the pulsed Nd:YAG laser effectively induced pulpal analgesia, by suppression of intradental nerve responses to electrical and mechanical stimuli. Such a laser provides an alternative for dental pain management (ANZ-Clinical Trial Registry: N12611001099910).

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Aznabaev, B. M., T. R. Mukhamadeev, A. A. Aleksandrov, T. I. Dibaev, A. S. Vafiev, and I. Kh Shavaliev. "Results of Vitreous Floaters Treatment Using a Yag-Laser Device with a Coaxial Light Splitter." Ophthalmology in Russia 15, no. 4 (January 9, 2019): 411–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.18008/1816-5095-2018-4-411-415.

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Purpose: to evaluate the efficiency of vitreous floaters removal using the Nd: YAG-laser DIXION LPULSA SYL-9000 with a coaxial light splitter. Patients and Methods. The study involved 24 patients (24 eyes) with Weiss ring-type floating vitreous opacities. All patients underwent laser vitreolysis on a Nd: YAG-laser DIXION LPULSA SYL-9000 with a coaxial light splitter. Laser procedures were performed at OPTIMED Laser Recovery Center. The age of the patients was from 47 to 81 years (average 58.3 ± 8.9 years). Among the patients 15 (62.5 %) were women and 9 (37.5 %) — men. Before procedure, a complete ophthalmological examination including registration of best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), autorefractometry, pneumotonometry, biomicroscopy, fundus examination, ultrasonic biometry, ultrasound B-scan was performed. Statistical processing was performed using Statistica v.10.0.0 (StatSoft®, Inc.) and Excel (Microsoft Office Professional 2016) software. The patients were observed for three months before the procedure. Follow-up examination was performed one day after the procedure. Results. After laser vitreolysis procedure all patients had a subjective vision quality improvement. In 18 (75 %) patients, floating “flies” completely disappeared. The remaining patients noted the disappearance of a large floating spot. Conclusion. The laser vitreolysis on the Nd: YAG-laser with a coaxial light splitter allows to improve the quality and visual acuity in patients with vitreous floater. The obtained results demonstrated that Nd: YAG-laser DIXION LPULSA SYL-9000 is effective and could be recommended for treatment of symptomatic vitreous floaters.

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Jackson, S. R., W. J. Metheringham, and P. E. Dyer. "Excimer laser ablation of Nd: YAG and Nd: glass." Applied Surface Science 86, no. 1-4 (February 1995): 223–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0169-4332(94)00415-3.

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HORI, Terushige, Fumiteru AKAMATSU, Masahiko SHIBAHARA, Daisuke MIYATA, and Masashi KATSUKI. "Laser-Induced Breakdown Analysis Using Nd: YAG Laser." Journal of High Temperature Society 31, no. 1 (2005): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.7791/jhts.31.19.

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Sugiyama, Kenji, Tsuneo Sakai, Ichiro Fujishima, Hiroshi Ryu, Kennichi Uemura, and Tsuneo Yokoyama. "Stereotactic Interstitial Laser-Hyperthermia Using Nd-YAG Laser." Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery 54, no. 1-8 (1990): 501–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000100263.

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