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Academic literature on the topic 'Navires – Dommages dus aux collisions'
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Navires – Dommages dus aux collisions"
Ladeira, Icaro. "Développement d'un solveur rapide et fiable basé sur des formules simplifiées pour évaluer la réponse des supports tubulaires d'éoliennes offshore soumis à l 'impact d'un navire." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Ecole centrale de Nantes, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023ECDN0016.
Full textThis thesis focuses on thedevelopment of simplified methodologies toassess the ship collision response of offshorewind turbines (OWT) supported by standalonetubular members such as monopiles and sparfloaters, with the inclusion of elasticcontributions, and the capability to address bothlow and high-energy impactsThe research is divided into two parts. The firstpart concerns the quasi-static elasto-plasticimpact response of typical OWTs. A timesteppingalgorithm was developed based ontheoretical formulations and implemented in astructural solver that is capable of predicting theOWT’s complete deformation process.The second part examines the dynamic elasticresponse of a monopile to a ship impact. Asimplified two-step framework based ontransfer matrices was developed to assess theresponse of the OWT to a given collision load,in particular the RNA acceleration.This thesis was conducted in the framework ofthe ColFOWT project, which aims to develop acomprehensive and rapid assessment tool forship-OWT collisions. The tool will be capable ofmodelling the multi-mechanism energy transferprocess that takes place during a collisionevent, including local and global deformationmechanisms, hydrodynamic effects, andmooring response
Marchand, Marc. "Outils et environnement intégré d'aide au pré-dimensionnement au choc des véhicules de transport." Valenciennes, 2002. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/2bb45140-f572-44ab-a51f-f20380534723.
Full textThe global approach based on multibody systems is a simplified tool for the dimensioning to shock of thin-walled frame components which is appropriate during the pre-design stage. This particular tool is still meant for specialists by its specific characteristics to be used for the non-linear spring elements, and also by a judicious way of positioning the deformation joints. Kinematic models allow to obtain efficiently force/displacement and moment/angle characteristics needed to implement the non-linear springs of a simplified model. We then show that the use of elastic-plastic beams in this type of simplified approach brings a new dimension in terms of structural flexibility. It also avoids locking peak problems which can be encountered in models made up of rigid bodies only. The development of a new collapse beam element which couples the integration of the classical elastic-plastic beam element pre-collapse phase with the analytic post-collapse phase, is presented and validated
Rogani, Ange. "Modélisation de la propagation de dommage post-impact dans des revêtements composites de pales d’hélicoptère." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOU30185.
Full textHelicopter blades, that are composite structures, can be subject to impacts in flight or at ground. That leads to matrix crackings, fibers breakages and delaminations in the skin of the blade, which is usually made up of three woven plies of carbon/epoxy and glass/epoxy. The damage propagation in flight can be disastrous for the helicopter return and the passenger’s safety. This study aims to identify the damage mechanisms involved in the post-impact damage propagation and to develop a reliable post-impact modelling capable of predict them. The first step of this work was to highlight, with several experimental tests, the post-impact damage propagation scenario in quasi-static and fatigue tension for two hybrid woven laminates commonly used for the skins of helicopter blade. The initial damage size, the stacking sequence and the loading (quasi-static or fatigue) have an influence on the scenario observed. The second step was to adapt the semi-continuous approach, developed by P. Navarro and F. Pascal for impact on woven laminates, to quasi-static and fatigue tensile loadings. For this purpose, developments, based on the experimental observations, have been implemented, such as a compressive break criterion for the fibers and a damaging law in shear able to represent different types of matrix damaging. A strategy of post-impact fatigue simulation has also been implemented. Then, the modelling was compared to the experimental tests performed previously. Finally, the results have been analyzed in order to give a better understanding of the phenomena of post-impact damage propagation in the woven hybrid skins
Bernigaud, Virgile. "Étude de la fragmentation de molécules d'intérêt biologique isolées et nano-solvatées induite par collision avec des ions multichargés et des particules neutres." Phd thesis, Université de Caen, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00461627.
Full textLoreau, Tanguy. "Construction automatique de modèles multi-corps de substitution aux simulations de crashtests." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLC082/document.
Full textAt Renault, to fulfill upstream studies, teams in charge of crashworthiness use very simple models to pre-size the vehicle. Today, these models are built from the physical behavior of only one or some reference vehicles. They work and allow to size the project. But today, the company wishes to build its upstream models using all its vehicles. In other words, it wishes to get an automatic method to analyze crashtests simulations to capitalize their results in a database of simplified models.To meet this goal, we decide to use the multi-body model theory. We develop a method to analyze crashtests simulations in order to extract the data required to build a surrogate multi-body model : CrashScan. The analysis process implemented in CrashScan can be split into three major steps.The first one allows to identify the low deformed zones on a crashtest simulation. Then, we can build the topological graph of the future surrogate model. The second step is to analyze the relative kinematics between the low deformed zones : major directions and deformation modes (e.g. crushing or bending) are identified analysing relative movements. The last step is to analyze strengths and moments located between the low deformed zones, viewed in the frames associated to the major directions of deformations in function of the deformations. This allows us to identify equivalent Bouc-Wen hysteretic models. These models have three parameters that we can use : a stiffness, a threshold strength before plastification and a strain of hardening. These parameters can directly be used by upstream studies experts.Finally, we build multi-body models for three different use case. We compare them to their reference over the results they produce for the upstream criteria : models generated with CrashScan seems to grant the precision and the fidelity required to be used during automotive development's upstream phases.To continue this research work and get an industrial solution, there are still some locks to lift, the main ones are : synthesis of any movement into six elementary ones and multi-body synthesis on elements other than beams
Poulard, David. "Influence de l’âge et du morphotype sur la réponse mécanique du thorax : étude expérimentale in vivo et analyse numérique à l'aide de modèles EF personnalisés du corps humain." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LYO10332/document.
Full textThis study deals with the topic of increased risk of rib fractures among elderly drivers infrontal impact. The analysis of the literature reveals that actual thorax injury assessment tools do nottake into account for the differences in anatomical features and biological material properties observedbetween adults and elderly. Personalized human body finite element (FE) models have great potentialas improved thorax injury assessment tools. However, experimental data are needed to validate thesemodels under real-world conditions. In addition, the choice of the level of personalization of the modeland the sensibility of the model response to this personalization must be assessed to predict thoracicinjury risk.In vivo sled tests were performed on belted volunteers of various anthropometries and age. These testswere used to assess the influence of age and corpulence on thorax mechanical response and allowed toobtain corridor responses needed to validate personalized FE models. The geometry of the FE modelTHUMS was adapted to the volunteers and the thorax material properties were modified consideringaging to carry out a similar analysis in the injurious domain. Numerical simulations highlighted anincreased risk of rib fractures for specific personalized models.This study should help to better estimate the injury risk for car occupants. It should contribute topromote personalized human body models as attractive thorax injury assessment tool ofvulnerable individuals
Wolf, Johannes. "Traitement numérique de la fissuration dans les matériaux structuraux ductiles sous l’effet de sollicitations sévères." Thesis, Toulouse, ISAE, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ESAE0040/document.
Full textThe present work aims at numerically predicting the current residual strengthof large engineering structures made of ductile metals regarding accidental events,e.g. ships collision or bird strike in aviation, which may potentially lead to failure.With this aim in view, the challenge consists in reproducing within a unified finiteelement (FE)-based methodology the successive steps of micro-voiding-induceddamage, strain localization and crack propagation, if any.A key ingredient for a predictive ductile fracture model is the proper numericaltreatment of the critical transition phase of damage-induced strain localizationinside a narrow band. For this purpose, three different viewpoints in terms ofdisplacement field across the localization band are proposed involving a strong,weak and (non-linearly) regularized discontinuity, respectively.A consistent variational framework is elaborated for each of the three methods,whereby the enriched kinematics is embedded into the FE formulation using theeXtended FEM. Then, within a comparative procedure, the performance of thesemethods is assessed regarding their ability of modeling the transition phase betweendiffuse damage (continuum mechanics framework) and crack propagation (fracturemechanics framework), always in the context of ductile materials.According to the aforementioned analyses, the combination of the strong discontinuitycohesive model and the X-FEM appears to be the most promising of thethree studied approaches to bring together physics and numerics. The developmentof such a model is discussed in detail. Finally, two supplementary criteria aredefined: the first one for the passage from diffuse damage to the cohesive bandmodel and the second one for the passage from the cohesive band model to thecrack
Christoforou, Zoi. "Incidence occurrence and response on urban freeways." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00626573.
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