Academic literature on the topic 'Nature conservation Victoria Citizen participation'
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Journal articles on the topic "Nature conservation Victoria Citizen participation"
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Ganzevoort, Wessel, and Riyan J. G. van den Born. "Counting Bees: Learning Outcomes from Participation in the Dutch National Bee Survey." Sustainability 13, no. 9 (April 22, 2021): 4703. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13094703.
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Citizen science approaches to data collection are growing in popularity, in part because of their potential for achieving both scientific and educational objectives. Evaluating the impacts of participation on citizen scientists is important, yet such evaluations are still relatively rare. In addition, recent literature reviews indicate that existing studies often focus on content learning, make limited use of existing scales, and rarely report null results. This paper reports an evaluation of the demographic profile, motivations and learning outcomes of participants in the Dutch National Bee Survey, a national-scale citizen science project involving citizens in collecting observational data of wild bees. Using a repeated measures survey study, we assessed the impact of participation on respondents’ attitudes and behavioural intentions regarding bees, and their attitudes towards nature, citizenship, and citizen science. Our baseline (N = 373) and follow-up (N = 208) surveys indicate that our respondents are of a relatively high age and education level, have a pre-existing affinity with nature, and are strongly motivated by conservation concerns and learning about bees. Assessment of learning outcomes indicated a significant difference between two types of self-report questions: respondents reported significant gains in knowledge and appreciation of wild bees, yet attitudinal scales indicated no significant shifts in attitudes towards bees, nature, citizen science, or citizenship. In our discussion, we suggest several explanations for this finding, including respondents’ pre-existing affinity with nature, and advance suggestions for future research into citizen science learning outcomes.
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Jordan, Rebecca C., Amanda E. Sorensen, and Steven A. Gray. "Participatory Modeling in Support of Citizen Science Research." Forests 13, no. 4 (April 2, 2022): 567. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f13040567.
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Stakeholder engagement and participation is often an essential ingredient for successful environmental conservation and management. Including stakeholders in participatory environmental research has been an increasingly recognized necessity for understanding the complex nature of social–ecological systems (SES). The public is also essential to help structure environmental problems and decide on management interventions. As a result, new inclusive approaches to scientific research have emerged, such as Citizen Science. While there have been many climate change-related citizen science projects, in this paper, we provide an overview of a specific type of citizen science project. More specifically, we describe a participatory modeling approach to citizen science which can support climate change research.
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Lynch-O’Brien, Louise I., Wayne A. Babchuk, Jenny M. Dauer, Tiffany Heng-Moss, and Doug Golick. "Transference of Citizen Science Program Impacts: A Theory Grounded in Public Participation in Scientific Research." Diversity 13, no. 8 (July 25, 2021): 339. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d13080339.
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Citizen science is known for increasing the geographic, spatial, and temporal scale from which scientists can gather data. It is championed for its potential to provide experiential learning opportunities to the public. Documentation of educational outcomes and benefits for citizen scientists continues to grow. This study proposes an added benefit of these collaborations: the transference of program impacts to individuals outside of the program. The experiences of fifteen citizen scientists in entomology citizen science programs were analyzed using a constructivist grounded theory methodology. We propose the substantive-level theory of transference to describe the social process by which the educational and attitudinal impacts intended by program leaders for the program participants are filtered by citizen scientists and transferred to others. This process involves individual and external phases, each with associated actions. Transference occurred in participants who had maintained a long-term interest in nature, joined a citizen science program, shared science knowledge and experiences, acquired an expert role to others, and influenced change in others. Transference has implications for how citizen scientists are perceived by professional communities, understanding of the broader impacts and contributions of citizen science to wicked problems, program evaluation, and the design of these programs as informal science education opportunities.
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Schaab, Gertrud, Serena Coetzee, Christian Stern, and Victoria Rautenbach. "Geomatics & Participation Summer School 2016 – Developing mobile mapping apps to encourage citizen participation in nature conservation." Proceedings of the ICA 1 (September 26, 2018): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ica-proc-1-132-2018.
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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Geospatial tools in a Web 2.0 environment can encourage citizens to engage with and influence their environment through online participation. In the field of geomatics, today’s students have to develop competencies in current technologies and learn how to adapt to continuously and rapidly changing technologies and applications. At the same time, we live in a globalized world where we increasingly deal with people from different backgrounds or have to commute to unknown places and environments for work. In this paper, we report about the experiences of students and lecturer participants from Germany and South Africa in a summer school on geomatics and participation, held in Karlsruhe, Germany, in July 2016. The starting point was to learn about nature conservation in Germany, particularly about the Rhine floodplains close to Rastatt. Mobile mapping apps were developed for this area with the aim of supporting conservation efforts. Confronting the participants with a new geographic area, a software development environment unknown to them and group work with participants from both universities has led to interesting insights beyond getting to know the partner university. From an evaluation of the summer school by participants, it was evident that the summer school succeeded in raising interest for participation in the student exchange programme and that participants expect clear guidance on the objectives of different activities. The balance between socializing and work provides a unique atmosphere for effective teaching and working, making a summer school such an enjoyable experience for students and lecturers.</p>
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Larson, Lincoln R., Caren B. Cooper, Sara Futch, Devyani Singh, Nathan J. Shipley, Kathy Dale, Geoffrey S. LeBaron, and John Y. Takekawa. "The diverse motivations of citizen scientists: Does conservation emphasis grow as volunteer participation progresses?" Biological Conservation 242 (February 2020): 108428. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2020.108428.
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Woosnam, Kyle M., Marianna Strzelecka, Gwendelyn S. Nisbett, and Samuel J. Keith. "Examining Millennials’ Global Citizenship Attitudes and Behavioral Intentions to Engage in Environmental Volunteering." Sustainability 11, no. 8 (April 18, 2019): 2324. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11082324.
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Volunteering for nature conservation has become an important resource in solving local environmental problems of global importance. The study at hand assessed how well millennials’ global citizenship attitudes explain their behavioral intentions to engage in volunteer projects, as well as how prior experience of volunteering in environmental projects affects millennials’ global citizenship attitudes. Those who reported past participation in this type of volunteer experience were generally more inclined to partake in future environmental volunteering than those without prior experience. Likewise, for those with prior experience, global citizen factors played a greater role in intentions to experience environmental volunteering. This study makes valuable contributions to the literature surrounding nature conservation, as it illustrates that millennials’ global citizenship attitudes predict participation in environmental volunteering. This work concludes with insights concerning what programs (that provide millennials with opportunities to fulfill environmental duties associated with their global environmental citizenship) can do to provide a more valuable experience for young volunteers.
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Hsu, Chia-Hsuan, and Te-En Lin. "Exploring the participation motivations of ongoing and former citizen scientists in Taiwan Roadkill Observation Network." Journal for Nature Conservation 64 (December 2021): 126055. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnc.2021.126055.
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Galanos, Chrysostomos, and Ioannis N. Vogiatzakis. "Environmental citizen science in Greece: perceptions and attitudes of key actors." Nature Conservation 48 (April 7, 2022): 31–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/natureconservation.48.79936.
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Citizen Science (CS), the voluntary participation of lay people in scientific work, is well-established in the fields of nature conservation and biodiversity monitoring due to its potential to create large environmental datasets. This study aims to understand the familiarity, perceptions and attitudes towards CS of the key environmental actors in Greece. The target group consisted of employees and/or representatives of Environmental Non-Governmental Organisations (ENGOs), scientists and civil servants related to nature conservation. Quantitative data were collected using an electronic questionnaire, 178 fully completed questionnaires and subsequently eight semi-structured interviews with experts were conducted. Descriptive statistics were used to measure the familiarity and attitude of the actors, as well as the obstacles to the development of CS in Greece. We used Cronbach’s test to measure the reliability of the used Likert scale and Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric test to identify significant differences amongst the three groups of actors. Qualitative data were analysed following a Thematic Analysis methodology. The results show that ca. 40% of the key actors are familiar with the terms and CS practice while over 65% with the concept. The general attitude of the actors towards CS is positive although concerns about data quality collected were highlighted. “Lack of cooperation culture”, “Ignorance of the existence of the phenomenon” and “Lack of know-how” emerged as the most important obstacles to CS development in Greece. Although CS is present in Greece, it is not visible enough. The main reasons are that relevant projects employ different terms, are under-represented in the formal literature and include limited, if at all, project dissemination. There are significant differences regarding familiarity and the attitude towards CS between actors, but also similarities concerning the main obstacles. The study sets a baseline which can be employed to improve and further expand Environmental Citizen Science (ECS) in Greece.
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Casero-Cepeda, Juan Francisco, Dani Catalá-Pérez, and Antonio Cano-Orellana. "Design and Application of a Citizen Participation Tool to Improve Public Management of Drought Situations." Land 11, no. 10 (October 14, 2022): 1802. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land11101802.
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The growing scarcity of water for human consumption in southern Europe is driving today’s public administrations to search for new ways of optimising its availability. Within this context, the purpose of this paper is to analyse whether citizen participation is an appropriate way of improving the management of available water, as several international organisations suggest. This study is part of a research project carried out by the University of Seville in Spain on behalf of the city of Seville’s metropolitan water supply company, hereinafter EMASESA. A qualitative method is applied in this research using pre-mortem testing techniques, enabling a specific participation tool to be designed, called the EMASESA Water Observatory, which this article describes in detail. The tool produced specific measures aimed at better addressing drought situations. In view of the practical application of this newly designed tool, we conclude that citizen participation is indeed useful in identifying solutions to improve public water policies and drought management. It is also concluded that the tool’s design calling for active participation is a positive factor in its application. Finally, the tool has also demonstrated that it generates knowledge that can be used to address other water-related issues and challenges, beyond those related to water availability.
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S. Koss, R., K. Miller, G. Wescott, A. Bellgrove, A. Boxshall, J. McBurnie, A. Bunce, P. Gilmour, and D. Ierodiaconou. "An evaluation of Sea Search as a citizen science programme in Marine Protected Areas." Pacific Conservation Biology 15, no. 2 (2009): 116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc090116.
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Citizen science involves collaboration between multi-sector agencies and the public to address a natural resource management issue. The Sea Search citizen science programme involves community groups in monitoring and collecting subtidal rocky reef and intertidal rocky shore data in Victorian Marine Protected Areas (MPAs), Australia. In this study we compared volunteer and scientifically collected data and the volunteer motivation for participation in the Sea Search programme. Intertidal rocky shore volunteer-collected data was found to be typically comparable to data collected by scientists for species richness and diversity measures. For subtidal monitoring there was also no significant difference for species richness recorded by scientists and volunteers. However, low statistical power suggest only large changes could be detected due to reduced data replication. Generally volunteers recorded lower species diversity for biological groups compared to scientists, albeit not significant. Species abundance measures for algae species were significantly different between volunteers and scientists. These results suggest difficulty in identification and abundance measurements by volunteers and the need for additional training requirements necessary for surveying algae assemblages. The subtidal monitoring results also highlight the difficulties of collecting data in exposed rocky reef habitats with weather conditions and volunteer diver availability constraining sampling effort. The prime motivation for volunteer participation in Sea Search was to assist with scientific research followed closely by wanting to work close to nature. This study revealed two important themes for volunteer engagement in Sea Search: 1) volunteer training and participation and, 2) usability of volunteer collected data for MPA managers. Volunteer-collected data through the Sea Search citizen science programme has the potential to provide useable data to assist in informed management practices of Victoria?s MPAs, but requires the support and commitment from all partners involved.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Nature conservation Victoria Citizen participation"
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McDowell, Clive Robert. "Factors affecting the conservation of renosterveld by private landowners." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/16620.
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Includes bibliographies.West Coast Renosterveld, once prevalent on the south-western Cape lowlands of the floristically rich Cape Floral Kingdom, is now South Africa's scarcest vegetation type. Delimitation and measurement of the 55 "island-remnants", scattered amongst agricultural lands indicated that only 3% of the original vegetation remains. Measured soil quality, gradient and rainfall (critical agricultural criteria) were used to derive agricultural 'threat' indices (probability of agricultural clearance) for each remnant. The indices agreed well with observed trends in the recent clearance of remnants not deliberately conserved by landowners. This new approach has potential for determining which remaining natural sites most urgently need preservation. It was demonstrated that agro-technical innovation poses a long-term threat to even the low agricultural 'threat' rated renosterveld. Pasturage, invariably practised in renosterveld, was assessed by comparing "grazed" with "ungrazed" plant species covers. Within the test site, heavy grazing increased Asteraceae and Iridaceae, decreased Poaceae and Rutaceae, and eradicated Proteaceae. These changes may reflect local trends associated with modern grazing regimes. Total plant diversity and cover were not found to be affected. Therefore, controlled pasturage reflects a relatively minor threat to the extinction of floristic elements. Private landowners are found to control the destiny of 80% of West Coast Renosterveld. The conservation attitudes and behaviour of a random sample of these critical decision-makers were analysed. A new approach was devised to assess 32 subjective, bias-prone "intangible" variables. This required additional assessors to provide independent, non-parametric ratings of the author's tape-recorded interviews with the landowners. Results were pooled and "inter-assessor" measurement error was estimated. Altogether 52 variables, including a further 20 "tangible" variables, were rated under categories: 'Demographic', 'Psycho-Social, 'Land Use' and 'Conservation Strategy'. A correlation matrix portrays inter-relationships between variables and their correlations with landowner "Conservation Behaviour". Landowners' knowledge of biota, rapport with interviewer, education, affluence, bilingualism, and parents' education all correlated positively with conservation. Linear equation models were derived (using Best Subsets Statistical Programme) to predict 'Conservation Behaviour'. Although most conservation related variables are "fixed" (e.g. it is not possible to change parents' education), the understanding of these background factors (not previously applied to conservation of natural ecosystems) enables choice of the most appropriate strategy to persuade landowners to conserve. Different groupings of landowners having similar ratings of key variables have similar needs and constraints to be considered vis a vis improving their "Conservation Behaviour".
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Sham, Lap-chuen, and 岑立全. "Volunteering for nature conservation: motivations, benefits and attitude." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2012. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B48543482.
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The growing numbers of environmental volunteers indicates that more and more citizens in Hong Kong are aware of environmental issues and willing to contribute their efforts to help protecting the environment. Previous studies indicated that environmental volunteering could raise environmental awareness and foster environmentally friendly behaviors among volunteers, given that they volunteered long and frequent enough. In addition, environmental volunteers are driven by different motivations to obtain certain benefits from their engagement. Therefore, understanding these motivations is essential to the design and management of volunteering programs. However, information about the motivations and attitude of environmental volunteering, especially in Hong Kong, is very limited. In order to provide an insight of the issue, this study assessed the motivations and benefits of environmental volunteers in Hong Kong. On top of this, the attitude of volunteers towards the environment was also examined to reveal its relationship with duration and frequency of volunteering. View points from volunteer managers were also gathered to obtain a better understanding of the issues. Information and data was collected from 205 local environmental volunteers and 5 volunteer managers through questionnaire survey and focused interviews. The results of the study revealed that interest in nature and learning are the most important motivations for volunteers, while social factor becomes more important with ongoing engagement. Learning is an important element in volunteering experience due to the acquisition of new knowledge and skills which are beneficial to personal development of the volunteers. Therefore, outdoor experience in nature and training opportunities should be included in the volunteering program, and the establishment of social network among volunteers should also be facilitated, to raise the satisfactory level and foster the sense of belonging of the volunteers. The results also indicated that longer term volunteering and higher frequency of service fostered better environmental awareness and more frequent conformation to environmentally friendly behaviors. Therefore, retaining volunteers and encouraging frequent participation not only ensure stable manpower supply for green groups, but also help the environment by changing people’s behaviors. In other words, environmental volunteering is not only an instrument to acquire work force, it also serves educational functions to change the mindset of volunteers, if the volunteering program is well managed. In order to achieve this, the factors contributing to the participation of volunteers should be realized, and the results of this study can assist environmental managers to establish volunteering programs addressing the motivations and benefits of volunteers which best suit the situation in Hong Kong. This is beneficial to the development and popularization of environmental conservation in Hong Kong.published_or_final_version
Environmental Management
Master
Master of Science in Environmental Management
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Xu, Shaowei Steve, and 許韶偉. "People and park conflicts in China: an observation from Shimentai nature reserve in Yingde, Guangdong Province." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B25058964.
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Elhalawani, Salwa Ibrahim Hassan Abdelrahman. "Local community participation in protected area management : a case study of Wadi El Gemal National Park, Egypt." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.648172.
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Wright, Brian Bradley. "A review of lessons learned to inform capacity-building for sustainable nature-based tourism development in the European Union funded ʺSupport to the Wild Coast Spatial Development Initiative Pilot Programmeʺ." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003628.
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This case-study establishes the influences of power-knowledge relationships on capacity-building for sustainability in the European Union Funded ‘Wild Coast Spatial Development Initiative Pilot Programme’ (EU Programme). It aims to capture the lessons learned for capacitybuilding to support nature-based tourism initiatives on the Wild Coast. The EU Programme aimed to achieve economic and social development of previously disadvantaged communities through nature-based tourism enterprises, and to develop capacity of local authorities and communities to support environmental management. The study discusses common trends in thematic categories emerging from the research data, and contextualises research findings in a broader development landscape. This study indicates that power-knowledge relations were reflected in the EU Programme’s development ideology by an exclusionary development approach, which lacked a participatory ethos. This exclusionary approach did not support an enabling environment for capacity-building. This development approach, guiding the programme conceptualization, design and implementation processes, resulted in a programme with unrealistic objectives, time-frames and resource allocations; a programme resisted by provincial and local government. The study provides a causal link between participation, programme relevance, programme ownership, commitment of stakeholders, effective management and capacity-building for sustainable programme implementation. The study argues that the underlying motivation for the exclusionary EU development ideology in the programme is driven by a risk management strategy. This approach allows the EU to hold power in the development process, whereas, an inclusionary participative development methodology would require a more in-depth negotiation with stakeholders, thereby requiring the EU to relinquish existing levels of power and control. This may increase the risk of an unexpected programme design outcome and associated exposure to financial risk. It may also have a significant financial effect on donor countries' consultancies and consultants currently driving the development industry. This study recommends an interactive-participative methodology for programme design and implementation, if an enabling environment for capacity-building is to be created. In addition, all programme stakeholders must share contractual accountability for programme outcomes. This requires a paradigm shift in the EU development ideology to an inclusionary methodology. However, this research suggests that the current EU development approach will not voluntarily change. I, therefore, argue that South Africa needs to develop a legislative framework that will guide donor-funded development programme methodology, to support an enabling environment for capacity-building.
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Foot, Shelley. "The place of community values within community-based conservation : the case of Driftsands Nature Reserve, Cape Town." Diss., 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/11914.
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The most contemporary approach to biodiversity conservation within South Africa is that of
community-based initiatives, which seek to combine biodiversity conservation with socioeconomic
development. As a challenge to the Western, science laden approaches to
conservation there is an increasing need for community initiatives to reflect the values of
local communities.
Values of local communities and the management body, CapeNature, with regards to
Driftsands Nature Reserve, Cape Town, were captured and analytically coded through the
qualitative methods of interviewing and participant observation in order to develop a
grounded theory and model.
A discussion of the expressed values suggests that community-based conservation
initiatives are doing little to include community values even though there is a large degree of
agreement between these and corporate values. As such, it is questioned whether
community-based conservation can be practised within an organisation which, due to
procedures and protocols, is top-down in its approach.Geography
M. Sc. (Geography)
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Malaza, Khethiwe. "Protected area management and environmental decision-making : the case of Dlinza Forest Nature Reserve, KwaZulu-Natal." Thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/4269.
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Colonial conservation emerged as colonial conservationists perceived the threat of deforestation, climatic change and famine. The sense that there were limits to nature's capacity to meet human demands, led to colonial conservationism which portrayed nature as separated from human life. Protected areas (PA's), both forest and game reserves, were created that excluded local people in terms of both access and management. In South Africa the National Forests Act 84 of 1998 has created new conditions in which there is a greater opportunity for communities to benefit from indigenous forests, which apart from their other uses are a valuable resource from the point of view of ecotourism. This study thus seeks to assess moves from exclusivist to community based forms of environmental decision-making (EDM) at Dlinza Forest Nature Reserve. This study provides an example of an ecotourism project started during the democratic period in South Africa and at the height of the global move to community conservation. First however it traces the management history of the forest in order to assess change in the management style over time. The study investigates rural people's attitudes towards the forest and it was found that although the forest was preserved for many years, the rural people still feel much attached to it as a result of the beliefs they have about it. The study contrasts different visions of the forest in terms of competing use and non-use values, and demonstrates that each group exercised its will and attempted to display "ownership" of the forest through a number of activities undertaken at the forest. An analysis of the public participation followed in terms of the ecotourism project was undertaken to determine the extent to which the rural community was involved. Theoretical models of environmental decision-making were applied in order to identify the mode of decisionmaking used historically and in the present. The results of the study show that poor rural people are still marginalized in EDM despite the new philosophies of PA management and the democratising shifts taking place in the country. Resistance to the policies and regulations of the reserve has been observed and this may lead to severe degradation of the resources that the reserve is meant to protect. The study thus recommends strengthening locally based EDM via partnerships as partnerships do not only provide relief for the consequences of conflict, they also strive for a win-win situation. The study concluded that greater involvement of the rural community requires a change in the mindset of conservation authorities, in particular with regard to the issue of representivity in EDM.Thesis (M.Sc.)-University of Natal, Durban, 2004.
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Jardine, Mark Leo. "The role of local indigenous communities in the management of natural resources in and around South Africa's national parks." Thesis, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/5720.
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South Africa's protected areas are at the forefront of the county's efforts to
conserve it's unique flora and fauna. The setting aside of these vast tracts of land has been the main thrust of Western conservation efforts for over two centuries. Despite the significant financial and human resources allocated to the protection of these natural areas, the extinction of many plant and animal species continues to occur on a daily basis. This study sets out to explore one of the crucial weaknesses of traditional protected areas management - the failure to incorporate and empower the people with the greatest knowledge and need of the natural resources in their
areas - the local indigenous communities. In the past, the legislative focus
was aimed at the total exclusion of these communities from protected areas. In South Africa, these 'preservationist' laws have been bitterly flavoured by the apartheid ideology, resulting in widespread environmental inequity and injustice for those societies targeted by racist and discriminatory policies. The thesis traces the history of the national parks concept, from its preservationist origin in the late nineteenth century United States, to modern day national parks that operate in terms of joint-management agreements in Australia and South Africa. It also exposes the detrimental effect that the establishment of national parks has inflicted on local indigenous communities around the globe. The experiences of Zimbabwe, Namibia, Canada and Australia are of particular relevance and value to South Africa in this respect. An overview and assessment of the current legal regime governing protected areas in South Africa reveals that further legislative transformation is required in order to integrate human development and wildlife conservation ideals. In particular, greater emphasis is needed to ensure the participation of local indigenous communities in the management natural resources in and around
national parks. A failure to meet this objective may seriously undermine the
future well-being of all of South Africa's inhabitants.Thesis (LL.M.)-University of Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2002.
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Godinho, Elizeth. "Addressing poverty and local livelihoods in the context of conservation : a case study of the proposed Ngelengele Nature Reserve." 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/3383.
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Many people in Africa, due to high levels of poverty, rely directly on natural
resources and the environment for their livelihoods. Different mechanisms have been employed over the years to address poverty and local livelihoods in the context of conservation. Community Conservation Areas and the sustainable livelihood approach are examples of these mechanisms. Increasingly, these and other mechanisms have reinforced the view that unless the risks and opportunities presented by poverty to local livelihoods are addressed, many conservation efforts are bound to fail. The research reported here was based on the premise that appropriate mechanisms that explicitly address poverty and local livelihoods are a necessary prerequisite to successfully engaging local people in conservation. Such mechanisms assure the sustainability of local livelihoods and present opportunities for conservation initiatives to succeed within the context of human societies that are dependent on associated ecosystems and resources. The Maloti-Drakensberg mountains region in
South Africa was the study site and the proposed Ngelengele Nature Reserve, a
Community Conservation Area, was used as a case study. The amaHlubi community people constituted the study's respondents. The study was
largely qualitative, drawing on both primary and secondary sources of data in the form of interviewer-administered questionnaire and documentary analysis
respectively. Field observations and discussions with respondents complemented the interviews. By adopting the sustainable livelihoods framework to understand and analyse the livelihoods of the amaHlubi community, the study highlighted concerns about livelihood assets with the conclusion that there is a high dependence on natural resources mainly for domestic purposes, and in general most of the assets are non existent. The study also highlighted the level of awareness and community support
towards Ngelengele Nature Reserve, as well as the reserve's implications on local livelihoods. Although some stated that the objectives of Ngelengele Nature Reserve remain unclear, the majority of respondents showed high expectations and support for the project.Thesis (M.Env.Dev.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2006.
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Dimbi, Lilian Rungano. "The role of leadership in the structure and functioning of community based natural resource management organizations : a Zimbabwean case study." Thesis, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/5538.
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The objective of the Community Based Natural Resource Management (CBNRM) initiative is to enhance biodi versity conservation through approaches which balance the needs of local communities reliant upon natural resources, with national and international needs in conservation. This is achieved by addressing the imbalances in the distribution of costs and benefits in natural resource man~gement (NRM). So those who live with natural resources should receive benefits for their effort in conservation. Once there is a benefit stream associated with a resource, communities can then be involved in NRM as a long term strategy. In this way sustainable use of resources is promoted. For successful CBNRM, there has to be a vehicle for eliciting community participation and involvement through planning and decision making. In a communal property management regime, there exist sanctions and rewards for conserving/managing the resource. For community management to be successful there has to be an authority which protects the local rights and ensures that duties are fulfilled . This authority has to be local and national. Within the national context, the authority defining rights and duties in NRM is determined by the institutional framework in which the CBNRM initiative operates. At the community level, community leadership institutions are the authority protecting the rights and enforcing duties. Local leadership gains legitimacy from the wider institutional structures and from the community. How community leadership functions determines largely the structure and functioning of the CBNRM initiative locally. The case study of Kanyurira Ward, a community involved in a CBNRM initiative, namely CAMPFIRE in Zimbabwe, attempts to find out the role of leadership within the evolving institutional structures in shaping the functioning and structuring of the initiative. Analysis of the historical progression of leadership within the community and the community perceptions on leadership selection, monitoring and evaluation, legitimacy and the distribution ofcosts and benefits between the community and the leadership were used to identify the salient factors for effective and efficient local leadership in CBNRM. 11 The study showed that local leadership effectiveness and community expectations of leaders influence performance based on understanding of the leadership role and objectives of the CBNRM initiative. The environments in which CBNRM programmes operate have forced the community to change its leadership selection and monitoring criteria over time. External agencies have their own role expectations for local leaders based on their organizational goals and objectives. These different leadership role expectations place undue pressure on leaders. Community perceptions on cost -benefit distribution within CBNRM programmes affect the sustainability of the programme as they can be an incentive or disincentives to follow NRM rules. Changes in the institutional structures within the communities due to government policies have resulted in overlaps and conflicts in roles of traditional and modem political leadership. Though traditional leadership does not have formal legitimation, it has community acceptance and has persisted over the years. Approaches within CBNRM, need to be evaluated within the community's and leaders world view so that they can address any imbalances and mismatches in role, status and benefit expectations before negating on the CBNRM objective of community participation with benefits for sustainable NRM and development.Thesis (M.Env.Dev.)-University of Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 1998.
Books on the topic "Nature conservation Victoria Citizen participation"
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Youl, R. Landcare in Victoria: How Landcare helped people, government and business work together in Victoria : a collection. South Melbourne: R. Youl, 2006.
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Torgler, Benno. Participation in environmental organizations. New York: Routledge, 2010.
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Stocker, Laura J. Landscapes in local hands: Rural groups' understanding and practice of nature conservation in Western Australia. [Murdoch, W.A: Institute for Science and Technology Policy, Murdoch University, 1996.
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Poats, Susan V., and Adriana Soldi. Construyendo la conservación participativa en la Reserva Ecológica Cayambe-Coca, Ecuador: Participación Local en el Manejo de Areas Protegidas (PALOMAP). Quito: Nature Conservancy, 2000.
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Wabahe, Mosimane Alphons, ed. Institutional dynamics and interrelationships in Spitzkoppe conservancy in pursuit of CBNRM implementation. Windhoek, Namibia: University of Namibia, Multidisciplinary Research and Consultancy Centre, Community Based Natural Resources Management Programme, Life Science Division, 2004.
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Torgler, Benno. Participation in environmental organizations. New York: Routledge, 2010.
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David, Western, Wright R. Michael, and Strum Shirley C. 1947-, eds. Natural connections: Perspectives in community-based conservation. Washington, D.C: Island Press, 1994.
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Kankyōkyoku, Japan Kankyōshō Shizen. Guidelines for private sector engagement in biodiversity: For the promotion of voluntary actions by business entities for the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity. Tokyo: Ministry of the Environment, 2010.
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Tip of the Mitt Watershed Council, ed. Michigan wetlands, yours to protect: A citizens' guide to wetland protection. 3rd ed. Petoskey, MI: Tip of the Mitt Watershed Council, 2003.
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Saigal, Sushil. Does community based conservation make economic sense?: Lessons from India. New Delhi: Kalpavriksh and International Institute of Environment and Development, 2000.
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