Academic literature on the topic 'Nature conservation Economic aspects Econometric models'
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Journal articles on the topic "Nature conservation Economic aspects Econometric models"
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Formánek, Tomáš, and Roman Hušek. "Spatial Aspects Of Unemployment In The Visegrad-Group Economies." Creative and Knowledge Society 6, no. 2 (December 1, 2016): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cks-2016-0007.
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Abstract Purpose of the article: Most regional macroeconomic processes may not be adequately analyzed without accounting for their spatial nature: regional distances, interactions between neighbors, spill-over effects and interdependencies. This contribution focuses on various factors ruling unemployment dynamics in the Visegrad Group countries and their major economic partners: Germany and Austria. The analysis is performed at the NUTS2 level. Methodology/methods: Spatial econometrics is a unique tool for a broad range of quantitative analyses and evaluations. Spatial econometric models are based on geo-coded (spatially defined) data. Spatial econometrics and regional competitiveness paradigms are combined into different types of regression model specifications describing unemployment dynamics. Alternative spatial structures (i.e. neighbor definitions) are used for verification of stability in estimated model properties. Scientific aim: We aim to provide a detailed empirical evaluation of spatially determined factors of regional unemployment dynamics, along with insight into the robustness of such approach. Both conceptually and parametrically varying neighbor definitions are used to provide evidence for model evaluation. Findings: We find strong positive spatial dependence patterns in the estimated models, robust against varying neighborhood definitions. Our results strongly support the importance of regional and potentially cross-border (international) cooperation in macroeconomic policies addressing unemployment. The estimated models also underline the importance of using spatial models, by pointing out the bias in OLS-estimated models. Conclusions and limits: Spatial approach to econometric analysis provides important insight and robustness to a broad range of unemployment analyses that may be carried out using regional (spatial) data. At the same time, it should be noted that this article focuses mostly on the spatial and stability aspects of model estimation, while leaving out other interesting topics such as spill-over effects calculations as based on estimated models. Also, estimations provided in this article might benefit from spatial panel data-based methods - once data availability issues are sorted.
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Tkach, E. S., M. A. Firsova, and D. A. Fedotov. "Assessment of the Impact of Local Budgets on Regional Human Capital:Historical and Contemporary Aspects." Economy of regions 18, no. 1 (2022): 237–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.17059/ekon.reg.2022-1-17.
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Considering the need for sustainable human capital development in Russia, as well as interdisciplinary research challenges, the present study examines historical and contemporary aspects of the impact of the budget on regional human capital. For this purpose, budgetary mechanisms implemented in the period from 1969 to 2020 were retrospectively analysed. Based on archival materials and data from statistical collections of the Soviet period, the dynamics and structure of budget revenues and expenditures in the 1970s were compared with those in the period from 2000 to 2017. A quantitative assessment was performed to test a hypothesis about a relationship between the volume of social budget expenditures and increase in the return on human capital in the form of tax revenues to the budget. The study employed methods of comparative, structural, correlation and econometric analysis and statistical grouping. Constructed econometric models demonstrated the nature and degree of influence of various social expenditures on the resulting indicator of human capital development. Then, comparative analysis was conducted to interpret the econometric modelling results and data on the state of local budgets in the Soviet and post-Soviet period. Taking into account the established relationship between social expenditures and the indicator of human capital development, public authorities can most efficiently allocate budget funds, ensuring the maximum socio-economic effect from their investment. The research findings can be used for creating socio-economic development strategies of particular regions, as well as for comparing their social development in the historical and geographical context. In this regard, future studies can systematically assess the impact of local budgets of the largest Russian regions on the resulting indicators of human capital.
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Throsby, David, Anita Zednik, and Jorge E. Araña. "Public preferences for heritage conservation strategies: a choice modelling approach." Journal of Cultural Economics 45, no. 3 (February 10, 2021): 333–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10824-021-09406-7.
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AbstractStudies aiming at valuing cultural and natural heritage projects are often focussed on one or only a few sites, whereas planning decisions concerning the allocation of public funds to heritage conservation deal with classes of heritage rather than single sites. In addition, such planning decisions are almost always concerned with non-monetary values that need to be incorporated into assessment procedures if the total value of alternative strategies is to be estimated. In this paper, we put forward and estimate models to address both of these issues within a choice-modelling framework. The method is developed in the context of conservation of a particular class of cultural heritage, namely major historic buildings in a city or country. We report results from a discrete choice experiment to assess public preferences in which the choices are alternative conservation programs and the attributes are dimensions of the programs’ cultural and economic value. The model is estimated from survey data using several flexible econometric specifications. We show that the methods developed can be used to obtain robust estimates of the economic value of this category of buildings. We also find a significant contribution of all aspects of cultural value to the formation of conservation preferences and the public’s willingness to pay.
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Chanysheva, Amina, Pierre Kopp, Natalia Romasheva, and Anni Nikulina. "Migration Attractiveness as a Factor in the Development of the Russian Arctic Mineral Resource Potential." Resources 10, no. 6 (June 20, 2021): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/resources10060065.
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The development of mineral resources in the Arctic territories is one of the priorities of the state policy of Russia. This endeavor requires modern technologies, high-quality personnel, and a large number of labor resources. However, the regions of the Arctic are characterized by difficult working and living conditions, which makes them unattractive to the working population. The research objectives were to study the importance of Arctic mineral resources for the Russian economy, the Arctic mineral resource potential, and the migration attractiveness of Arctic regions. The migration processes in these locations were analyzed and modeled using a new econometric tool—complex-valued regression models. The authors assume that the attractiveness of the Arctic regions is determined by the level of their social and economic development and can be assessed using a number of indicators. A comparative analysis of four regions that are entirely in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation was carried out based on the calculation of integral indicators of the social and economic attractiveness of these territories. Forecasting migration growth using the proposed complex-valued models produced better results than simple trend extrapolation. The authors conclude that complex-valued economic models can be successfully used to forecast migration processes in the Arctic regions of Russia. Understanding and predicting migration processes in the Arctic will make it possible to develop recommendations for attracting labor resources to the region, which will contribute to the successful development of its resource potential. The methodology of this study includes desk studies, a graphical method, arithmetic calculations, correlation analysis, statistical analysis, and the methods of the complex-valued economy.
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Meng, Yanjun, Kun Wang, and Yuanyuan Lin. "The Role of Land Use Transition on Industrial Pollution Reduction in the Context of Innovation-Driven: The Case of 30 Provinces in China." Land 10, no. 4 (April 1, 2021): 353. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land10040353.
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With the world calling for environmental protection, China has to follow an innovation-driven development path in order to achieve its own high-quality and sustainable development. During this period, the problem of inefficient land use resulting from rapid progress in urbanisation is difficult to ignore. This study uses data from 30 provinces in mainland China to analyse the environmental protection effects of land use transition towards innovation-driven development, using spatial econometric models and entropy method. The results show that the innovation-oriented land use transition in four dimensions, human capital, material capital, urban function and government, is conducive to reducing industrial pollution emissions in the region, but this effect does not have a spillover effect. The results of this study provide some insights into the “triple-win” (environmental protection, innovation and land-use optimisation) approach to economic development in China.
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Jiang, Lei, Yuan Chen, Hui Zha, Bo Zhang, and Yuanzheng Cui. "Quantifying the Impact of Urban Sprawl on Green Total Factor Productivity in China: Based on Satellite Observation Data and Spatial Econometric Models." Land 11, no. 12 (November 24, 2022): 2120. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land11122120.
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Worsening environmental effects caused by the rapid large-scale urban expansion in most Chinese cities is a worrying trend. In response, China is advocating an economic transition from rapid (raw growth) to a high-quality development model that incorporates negative environmental consequences. Green total factor productivity (GTFP) is regarded as one of the important approaches for measuring high-quality development. Hence, the aim of this research is to quantify the impact of urban sprawl on GTFP using remote sensing data and spatial econometric models. The primary findings of this study are as follows. (1) The urban sprawl index presents a decreasing trend from 2005 to 2016, indicating that urbanization has slowed; (2) The GTFP scores of Chinese cities are not randomly distributed and thus present significant spatial spillovers; and (3) The results of spatial lag models reveal that spatial spillover of GTFP is significant and positive. In other words, increases in GTFP in neighboring cities promotes GTFP improvements in nearby cities. We also find that the impact of urban sprawl on GTFP is significant and negative, indicating that rapid urban expansion is a contributor to decreased GTFP growth in China. Moreover, urban sprawl has a negative effect on technical change and efficiency change. The main findings can provide policy makers in Chinese cities with scientific foundations to design and implement effective measures to improve GTFP.
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Sierota, Zbigniew, and Stanisław Miścicki. "Is It Possible to Compromise Forest Conservation with Forest Use?" Earth 3, no. 4 (October 21, 2022): 1059–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/earth3040061.
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A variety of elements in nature, from a pine cone’s bracts to a spiral galaxy, are described by a unique mathematical relationship described by Fibonacci as adhering to the “golden ratio.” In forest management, various models are used to achieve a balance between forest use and conservation that meets societal expectations in both ecological and economic terms. In Central European countries, where forest management has been subordinated to the timber industry, such a transition is still in progress, and people continue to look for an acceptable balance between forest conservation and management. The main objective of this paper is to review approaches to forest management in Central Europe with the aim of contributing to current discussions on forest management models in Europe. We anticipate that the new EU Biodiversity Strategy for 2030 will implement the billion-tree afforestation program with appropriate consideration of forest potential based on the tenets of sustainable management and that the future climate will be neutral. We hope that the forestry aspects of the strategy will provide a positive impetus to forest management by finding effective compromises between forest conservation and forest use in furthering the aims of sustainable development.
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Zhou, Lulu, Li Wang, Kangchuan Su, Guohua Bi, Hongji Chen, Xiaoyu Liu, and Qingyuan Yang. "Spatiotemporal Characteristics of Rural Restructuring Evolution and Driving Forces in Mountainous and Hilly Areas." Land 11, no. 6 (June 5, 2022): 848. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land11060848.
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Rural restructuring is an effective means to boost rural revitalization. Research on rural restructuring and its driving forces is helpful to adjust the evolution direction of key development factors, and form a coupling and coordinated development pattern. Taking Chongqing as an example, this paper adopts basic geographic data, land use data, and social and economic data, and uses the entropy method, spatial econometric model, and GTWR model. The paper explores the spatiotemporal evolution pattern of influencing factors on rural restructuring from 2000 to 2018 from the perspective of exogenous driving and endogenous driving. The results show the following. (1) During the study period, the average values of the rural economic restructuring intensity index, social restructuring intensity index, spatial restructuring intensity index, and comprehensive restructuring intensity index were 0.138, 0.118, 0.123, and 0.379, respectively. During the research period, rural restructuring in Chongqing experienced four development stages: space-economic restructuring-led, economic-social restructuring-led, economic restructuring-led, and social-spatial restructuring-led. In general, the dominant speed of economic restructuring gradually accelerated, and the changes in spatial restructuring were obvious but still lagging. Compared with other periods, the characteristics of social restructuring and spatial restructuring were more obvious between 2015 and 2018. (2) Different types of rural restructuring were affected by exogenous and endogenous factors. Exogenous driving mainly showed a negative impact on the changes in rural restructuring in the study area, while endogenous driving mainly showed a positive impact. (3) The driving system composed of exogenous driving and endogenous driving showed obvious timing and dynamic fluctuation. From 2000 to 2005 and from 2015 to 2018, rural restructuring in the study area was balanced and driven by endogenous and exogenous factors. From 2005 to 2015, rural restructuring in the study area was dominated by exogenous driving. Based on the influence differences and internal correlations of the driving forces of rural restructuring, policy opinions are put forward from the two aspects of restructuring path and restructuring guarantee, which provide a scientific basis for the determination of rural development direction and path selection.
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Gao, Zhenjun, Shujie Li, Xiufeng Cao, and Yuefen Li. "Carbon Emission Intensity Characteristics and Spatial Spillover Effects in Counties in Northeast China: Based on a Spatial Econometric Model." Land 11, no. 5 (May 20, 2022): 753. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land11050753.
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Under the “double carbon” target, it is important to reduce carbon emissions in each region. Using exploratory spatial data analysis (ESDA), the center of gravity method, and spatial econometric models, we analyzed the characteristics and spatial spillover effects of carbon emission intensity in counties in Northeast China from 2000 to 2020 and made recommendations to the government for more reasonable carbon reduction strategies in order to achieve sustainable development. The results were as follows: (1) Since 2000, the carbon emission intensity in Northeast China has increased after first declining, and the carbon emission intensity in the western and northern regions of Northeast China has increased faster than Northeast China’s average. (2) After 2000, the spatial aggregation of carbon emission intensity has improved in Northeast China. (3) Northeast China’s carbon emission intensity has a positive spatial spillover effect. Through the feedback mechanism, the growth in population size, the rise in economic development level, the level of industrialization as well as the rise in living standard, the land use structure dominated by arable land and construction land, and the increase in urbanization level in the region will cause the carbon emission intensity in the surrounding areas to increase. An increase in public expenditures leads to a decrease in carbon emission intensity in the adjacent area. (4) When the vegetation cover exceeds its threshold value, it can have a larger inhibitory influence on carbon emission intensity. To summarize, each county in Northeast China is a carbon emission reduction community, and policymakers must consider the spatial spillover effect of carbon emission intensity when developing policies.
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Rădulescu, Carmen Valentina, Florina Bran, Alexandru Liviu Ciuvăț, Dumitru Alexandru Bodislav, Ovidiu Cristian Buzoianu, Mihaela Ștefănescu, and Sorin Burlacu. "Decoupling the Economic Development from Resource Consumption: Implications and Challenges in Assessing the Evolution of Forest Area in Romania." Land 11, no. 7 (July 18, 2022): 1097. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land11071097.
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The paper proposes an insight into the relation existing between economic development and resource consumption and the associated implications and challenges for forested areas in Romania. In accordance with this purpose, the methods used are both qualitative and quantitative by using a relevant literature review, including international and national reports. In the 1950s and 1960s, Simon Kuznets introduced to modern economic theory the idea that there are certain market forces directly correlated with economic development. After almost two decades of a market economy in Romania, we are witnessing a relative decoupling process between economic development and social inequality. Moreover, the country strives to make the transition to a circular economy by involving all relevant stakeholders and by attracting the necessary financial support. Sustainable development offers the perspective of reaching an equilibrium between economic, social, and environmental aspects. Finding the right tools to assess multiple impacts has always been challenging as regards decoupling the economic development from natural resource consumption. Although there are multiple interpretations of the outcomes of a decoupling process, this paper aims at assessing the evolution of forested areas through econometric research using the Environmental curve of Simon Kuznets. As our main results, we have observed a decoupling process in the GDP growth that will not lead to a decrease in wooded areas in our country, mainly due to rural–urban migration, shifts in consumption patterns (from firewood toward natural gases, etc.) and improvement in the legislative framework in the case of forestry products. Among the weaknesses of the model used are the limited data availability and the reduced number of observations with annual frequency (data were taken only for 22 years), the use of a square pattern instead of a cubic one (it is possible for the results to differ and consequently another form of this curve, either N or N-inverted) or the use of data with a low accuracy related to the total forest areas in Romania. Among the conclusions of the papers, the decoupling process is not a single action process. Our research focused on forest area and the need to connect it with other policy actions related to mainstreaming sustainability, promoting a circular economy or bioeconomy, or developing innovative public policies and instruments.
Books on the topic "Nature conservation Economic aspects Econometric models"
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Smulders, Sjak. Green taxes and administrative costs: The case of carbon taxation. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 1999.
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Leite, Carlos. Does mother nature corrupt?: Natural resources, corruption, and economic growth. [Washington, D.C.]: International Monetary Fund, African and Research Department, 1999.
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Alexander, Robert R. Bioeconomic modelling of endangered species conservation. Palmerston North, New Zealand: Centre for Applied Economics and Policy Studies, Dept. of Applied and International Economics, Massey University, 1999.
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Newell, Richard G. The induced innovation hypothesis and energy-saving technological change. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 1998.
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Hubbell, L. Kenneth. Centrally planned economies and the environment. Syracuse, N.Y: Metropolitan Studies Program, Maxwell School of Citizenship and Public Affairs, Syracuse University, 1990.
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Metrick, Andrew. Patterns of behavior in biodiversity preservation. Washington, DC: World Bank, Policy Research Dept., Environment, Infrastructure, and Agriculture Division, 1994.
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Babeshko, Lyudmila, and Irina Orlova. Econometrics and econometric modeling in Excel and R. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1079837.
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The textbook includes topics of modern econometrics, often used in economic research. Some aspects of multiple regression models related to the problem of multicollinearity and models with a discrete dependent variable are considered, including methods for their estimation, analysis, and application. A significant place is given to the analysis of models of one-dimensional and multidimensional time series. Modern ideas about the deterministic and stochastic nature of the trend are considered. Methods of statistical identification of the trend type are studied. Attention is paid to the evaluation, analysis, and practical implementation of Box — Jenkins stationary time series models, as well as multidimensional time series models: vector autoregressive models and vector error correction models. It includes basic econometric models for panel data that have been widely used in recent decades, as well as formal tests for selecting models based on their hierarchical structure. Each section provides examples of evaluating, analyzing, and testing models in the R software environment. Meets the requirements of the Federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation.
It is addressed to master's students studying in the Field of Economics, the curriculum of which includes the disciplines Econometrics (advanced course)", "Econometric modeling", "Econometric research", and graduate students."
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Scott, Robert Douglas. An hedonic model of preservation value components: A contingent valuation study of the Black Canyon of the Upper Snake River. 1992.
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Weidmann, Jens, and Carlos Leite. Does Mother Nature Corrupt?: Natural Resources, Corruption, and Economic Growth. International Monetary Fund, 1999.
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Bioeconomic Modelling and Valuation of Exploited Marine Ecosystems (Economy & Environment). Springer, 2006.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Nature conservation Economic aspects Econometric models"
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Sengupta, Ramprasad. "Interdependence among Stages of Economic Development, Human Development, and the Natural Environment." In Entropy Law, Sustainability, and Third Industrial Revolution, 124–50. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190121143.003.0006.
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Chapter 5 points to the interactive nature of the different aspects of development sustainability and investigates the interrelations among the different components of the overall development index using cross-country data with the help of simple econometric model of quadratic single equation type. The chapter further makes deeper analysis of the dynamic links among human development, the natural environment, and economic growth using simultaneous equation econometric models (mostly of two-stage least square type) with global cross-country data of the different time periods. The models and analysis of the chapter are based on the data of all the concerned variables presented in Chapter 4.
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Tarupi Montenegro, Edisson Armando. "Sustainability and Economy." In Handbook of Research on International Business and Models for Global Purpose-Driven Companies, 289–309. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-4909-4.ch016.
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The economy and the environment imply various decisions related to the exploitation, production, distribution, and consumption that affect the organizational environment, and indirectly promote a rational behavior in favor of environmental, social, and economic sustainability, although the social connotations about nature-society relations, from education based on sustainable development, the human being is integrated into the social and ecological ecosystem. And sustainability starts from multidimensional research with a theoretical framework that allows describing the contributions of social sciences and sustainability to incorporate ecological processes as a change of economic, social, and sustainable paradigm within entrepreneurship to contribute to the quality of life. In conclusion, assuming changes from the economy and sustainability are aspects that support multidimensionality in creating value for society and allow us to meet needs in a creative way that recognizes the objectives of sustainable development, through ventures aimed at influencing conservation environments.