Journal articles: 'Nature-based solution'

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Tozer, Laura, Kathrin Hörschelmann, Isabelle Anguelovski, Harriet Bulkeley, and Yuliana Lazova. "Whose city? Whose nature? Towards inclusive nature-based solution governance." Cities 107 (December 2020): 102892. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2020.102892.

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Costa, Rita de Cassia Almeida da, and Azeneth Eufrausino Schuler. "Family Farmers and Water Conservation: Learning Nature-Based Solutions as Human Based Solution." Proceedings 30, no. 1 (June 16, 2020): 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2019030086.

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Bringing up conservation awareness among key stakeholders is essential for water management and it requires motivation and dialogue in order to achieve local and global environmental sustainability. Water management and agriculture must be in agreement to guarantee current and future multiple uses of water. This paper presents the role of outdoor education as a way for citizens to get involved in territory demands. This study-case of participatory monitoring of Macabu River Basin has been carried out since 2012 in Trajano de Moraes, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil. Firstly, a bibliographic review and search of historical documents offered the basis to the project “River Macabu in action: history, knowledge and life”. It was aimed at linking land use to water quality and involved students from nine different schools. The relationship between surface water and hydrologic cycle was observed through monitoring rainfall at nine pluviometers installed along 70 km of river length, and the water quality at eleven collection points. The project strategy focused on experiencing historical and geographic contexts and understanding the nature’s goods as a heritage of affective value before endowing it with economic one. The project was triggered after the agreement of various societal segments and an effective sharing for the adequacy of different ways of execution. In the first few months the farmers’ resistance to the project had been overcome as they were sensitized by relatives involved in it. After some time, most farmers got connected to territory and were able to understand the state of the river as an extension of their own choices. Then, conservation practices in agriculture became more frequent mainly in the upper part of the watershed acting as links between the urban and the rural population. The methodology developed in this project was acknowledged as a citizenship solution for water by “Market of Solutions” in the 8th World Water Forum held in 2018. The engagement of young people has been noticed in different forums such as the National Conference on Environment. The farmers’ practical knowledge associated to hands-on education and effective participation in actions for water management actions were considered fundamental to the citizens’ comprehension of the environmental conservation. The results showed the benefits from the farmers and their children’s involvement in the management of water and territory. The participation of family farmers in the River Basin Committees is considered highly relevant to the fulfilment of their legal role as core forums of the water management.

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Eichmanns, Christiane, and Holger Schüttrumpf. "Sandfangzäune als Nature-based Solution im Küstenschutz." Wasser und Abfall 24, no. 4 (April 2022): 50–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s35152-022-0752-4.

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Gattringer, Heinz, Nektaria Efthymiou-Charalampopoulou, Egmont Lines, and Maria Kolokotroni. "Nature Based Solution for indoor air quality treatment." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2042, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012133. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2042/1/012133.

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Abstract Plants have the ability to absorb and degrade VOCs (volatile organic compounds). Foliage can intercept particulate matter (PM) and thus, help to reduce its concentration in the air. Plants can be used as filters in indoor conditions adding an ecosystem service to the decorative purpose. A plant-based air filtration system that actively improves indoor air quality has been developed and installed at a students’ residence at Brunel University, London. This unit replaces an existing window with a mini-greenhouse containing upwards of 30 plants and is connected to an air circuit to treat the indoor air. A monitoring plan is collecting data on the performance of the solution until at least the end of 2021. Preliminary results are presented, which indicate good effectiveness at reducing tVOCs and lower efficiency at reducing PM.

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van der Spek, Bart-Jan, Eelco Bijl, Bas van de Sande, Sanne Poortman, Dirk Heijboer, and Bram Bliek. "Sandbar Breakwater: An Innovative Nature-Based Port Solution." Water 12, no. 5 (May 19, 2020): 1446. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12051446.

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The nature-based concept of the Sandbar Breakwater was born based on the typical natural dynamics of the West African coast (Gulf of Guinea). Learning from the development and coastal impact of the existing port infrastructure in West Africa, the application of sand as a construction material for marine infrastructure seemed very obvious. Along this coast, ports experience heavy sedimentation at the western updrift side of the breakwaters, leading to the rapid burying of valuable armour rock. The Sandbar Breakwater concept is based on this principle by using natural accretion as the basis for the port protection. Such a concept is advantageous as a large sediment drift naturally supplements the sand filling works during construction and the required rock volumes are reduced significantly, saving construction time and minimising the environmental impact. To counteract the downdrift coastal retreat, a replenishable sand engine completes the scheme. The realisation of a Sandbar Breakwater at Lekki, Nigeria, in 2018, with subsequent safe and continuous port operations, proves the feasibility of the concept. Sustainable future development is further pursued by integrated maintenance campaigns following the Building with Nature principles to guarantee the operability of the port while preserving the alongshore sediment balance and minimising the environmental impact.

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Chernov, Vladimir G. "Choosing a solution based on a fuzzy game with nature." Journal Of Applied Informatics 16, no. 92 (April 30, 2021): 131–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.37791/2687-0649-2021-16-2-131-143.

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In business process management, semi-structured or unstructured tasks are very common. The predominance of qualitative estimates of the parameters of such problems leads to the fact that the initial requirements for the selection of appropriate information technologies can be formulated primarily at a qualitative level. In this situation, estimates in the form of linguistic statements formalized by fuzzy sets can be quite informative. Uncertainty in the initial data, the presence of several alternative solutions make it possible to formalize the problem of choosing information technology for solving semi-structured business problems as a game with nature, which is understood as a certain combination of conditions, for example, the number of users and the intensity of their requests, assessed by fuzzy, linguistic statements. The aim of the proposed work is to develop a method for finding the most appropriate solution in conditions of indistinctness of the initial data that determine the choice on a variety of possible alternative information technologies. The proposed method for finding the best solution differs in that all the necessary initial estimates are set in the form of linguistic statements formalized by fuzzy sets, while the influence of fuzzy values of the probabilities of states of nature is taken into account through point estimates of fuzzy sets formalizing these values, and an integral estimate of possible solutions is obtained by transformation of the original fuzzy estimates of alternative solutions into the form of equivalent triangular fuzzy sets. In addition, the proposed method makes it possible to use various types of membership functions of fuzzy sets that formalize these estimates when setting fuzzy initial estimates for solving the problem, as well as to simplify the comparison of integral estimates of possible alternative solutions obtained in the form of fuzzy sets.

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Sarabi, Shahryar, Qi Han, Bauke de Vries, and A. Georges L. Romme. "The nature-based solutions planning support system: A playground for site and solution prioritization." Sustainable Cities and Society 78 (March 2022): 103608. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2021.103608.

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Giachino, Chiara, Luigi Bollani, Elisa Truant, and Alessandro Bonadonna. "Urban area and nature-based solution: Is this an attractive solution for Generation Z?" Land Use Policy 112 (January 2022): 105828. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2021.105828.

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Triest, Ludwig, Iris Stiers, and Stijn Van Onsem. "Biomanipulation as a nature-based solution to reduce cyanobacterial blooms." Aquatic Ecology 50, no. 3 (November 3, 2015): 461–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10452-015-9548-x.

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贾, 雨欣. "Analysis of Nature-Based Solution Evaluation Criteria and Evaluation Frameworks." Advances in Environmental Protection 12, no. 06 (2022): 1318–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.12677/aep.2022.126164.

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Apollonio, Ciro, Andrea Petroselli, Flavia Tauro, Manuela Cecconi, Chiara Biscarini, Claudio Zarotti, and Salvatore Grimaldi. "Hillslope Erosion Mitigation: An Experimental Proof of a Nature-Based Solution." Sustainability 13, no. 11 (May 27, 2021): 6058. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13116058.

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Soil erosion during rainfall events is affected by several factors, such as topography, soil type, land management, and vegetation cover. In this study, a series of tests investigates the influence of selected perennial herbaceous plants with a deep and strong rooting system, called MC1, on runoff generation and soil erosion. The tests on the investigated nature-based solution have been performed in the Cape Fear experimental hillslope with natural and artificial rainfall and for different vegetation heights. For all the experiments, runoff, soil moisture, and erosion data were observed and collected. The results obtained in this study suggest the following conclusions: (1) MC1 is effective in terms of soil erosion reduction already with a minimum vegetation height equal to 30 cm; (2) MC1 maximum efficiency, in terms of soil loss reduction, has been reached for a vegetation height equal to 70 cm; (3) In terms of the eroded material, the use of MC1 allows for a reduction of soil loss up to 300 times higher than the bare soil condition; (4) The use of MC1 allows for a reduction in the runoff coefficient up to 1/3 of the corresponding value in the bare soil condition.

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Dubey, Pradeep Kumar. "Biodiversity: The Nature-Based Solution for Pandemics and Human Well-being." Climate Change and Environmental Sustainability 8, no. 1 (2020): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2320-642x.2020.00010.1.

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Roggema, Rob, and Nico Tillie. "Realizing Emergent Ecologies: Nature-Based Solutions from Design to Implementation." Land 11, no. 11 (November 4, 2022): 1972. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land11111972.

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The current state of nature is concerning. The levels of biodiversity are rapidly decreasing; existing policies sketch ambitious objectives, but their effectiveness is relatively low. This is caused by a combination of three main elements: physical elements, planning processes, and psychological reasons. In dealing with these deeply rooted problems, following qualities are missing: attention to planning and design in nature-based solution policies, the gap between plan and execution of plans, and the transformation to eco-leadership of young people. In four consecutive years, research design studios have been executed, in which students collaboratively design eco-solutions for complex and urgent problems. The core subjects of each of these studios were four interlinked aspects of eco-design: (1) designing in parallel at master plan and concrete project level, (2) planning, designing and building within a short period, (3) the emergence and succession of ecosystems on site, and (4) ecological leadership practice. By investigating these aspects year after year, designing integrated and coherent solutions, and realizing these solutions in built form, an ecological spatial framework emerged within which smaller projects were and will be embedded. This way, the ecosystem on campus grows, matures, and develops as a self-regulating system. Moreover, new leadership emerged amongst the young participants in the research design studios.

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Tzoulas, Konstantinos, Juanjo Galan, Stephen Venn, Matthew Dennis, Bas Pedroli, Himansu Mishra, Dagmar Haase, Stephan Pauleit, Jari Niemelä, and Philip James. "A conceptual model of the social–ecological system of nature-based solutions in urban environments." Ambio 50, no. 2 (September 11, 2020): 335–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13280-020-01380-2.

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AbstractThis article provides a perspective on nature-based solutions. First, the argument is developed that nature-based solutions integrate social and ecological systems. Then, theoretical considerations relating to relational values, multifunctionality, transdisciplinarity, and polycentric governance are briefly outlined. Finally, a conceptual model of the social–ecological system of nature-based solutions is synthesised and presented. This conceptual model comprehensively defines the social and ecological external and internal systems that make up nature-based solutions, and identifies theoretical considerations that need to be addressed at different stages of their planning and implementation The model bridges the normative gaps of existing nature-based solution frameworks and could be used for consistent, comprehensive, and transferable comparisons internationally. The theoretical considerations addressed in this article inform practitioners, policymakers, and researchers about the essential components of nature-based solutions. The conceptual model can facilitate the identification of social and ecological interconnections within nature-based solutions and the range of stakeholders and disciplines involved.

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Sakulin, Sergey, Alexander Alfimtsev, Dmitry Solovyev, and Dmitry Sokolov. "Web Page Interface Optimization Based on Nature-Inspired Algorithms." International Journal of Swarm Intelligence Research 9, no. 2 (April 2018): 28–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijsir.2018040103.

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This article describes how the conversion rate of a web page depends on the interface usability degree. Optimization of existing interfaces as the matter of improving their usability faces a number of difficulties. In the first place, the unified objective function selection method for such optimization is not set up; that is resulting in necessity of qualified experts' participation for its implementation. In the second place, the corresponding optimization problem will have a high dimension, which makes the classical optimization methods unsuitable for the problem solution. Nature-inspired algorithms have undeniable advantages in comparison with classical optimization algorithms for solving high-dimensional problems, such as for example the optimization of web interfaces by their usability criterion. In this article, new web page interface optimization methods based on nature-inspired algorithms are proposed. In particular, genetic algorithms (GAs), artificial bee colony algorithms (ABC), and charged system search algorithms (CSSs) were analyzed. The conducted experiments revealed the advantages of these algorithms for posed problem solutions and showed research prospects in this direction.

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Lenné, J., and D. Wood. "Monodominant natural vegetation provides models for nature-based cereal production." Outlook on Agriculture 51, no. 1 (February 11, 2022): 11–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00307270221078022.

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Nature-based solutions, principally diverse systems, are increasingly being promoted as the solution to future food production as they are perceived to be more productive, resilient and ecologically based. This ‘paradigm of in-field diversity’ approach is inciting a growing perception that monocultures, the source of most global food production, are ecologically dysfunctional and highly vulnerable to diseases and pests. Our perspective paper clearly shows that natural monodominant vegetation is common in nature and that the ancestral species of major cereals including wheat, barley and rice grew in monocultures maintained by disturbances such as fire or flood. Early farmers mimicked these ecological stresses during field management, favouring annual monodominant crops. We also present well-supported evidence that cereal monocultures are an ancient method of farming founded in the origins of agriculture and that modern plant breeding generates and supports monoculture crops that are inherently genetically diverse and usually resistant to prevailing diseases and pests. Until research has been done on the ecology, agronomy and management of diverse nature-based solutions to future agriculture, the scarce funding to agricultural research for future food production is better targeted at improving monoculture agriculture to be more efficient, productive, resilient and environmentally benign. Monoculture agriculture, particularly for cereals, is a proven natural model for future food production.

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Collier, Marcus J. "Are field boundary hedgerows the earliest example of a nature-based solution?" Environmental Science & Policy 120 (June 2021): 73–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2021.02.008.

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Geronimo, Franz Kevin, Nash Jett Reyes, Hyeseon Choi, Kimberly Yano, and Lee-Hyung Kim. "Selection of appropriate nature-based solution for stormwater through multi-criteria performance." DESALINATION AND WATER TREATMENT 219 (2021): 392–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5004/dwt.2021.26959.

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Chakraborty, T., T. Biswas, L. S. Campbell, B. Franklin, S. S. Parker, and M. Tukman. "Feasibility of afforestation as an equitable nature-based solution in urban areas." Sustainable Cities and Society 81 (June 2022): 103826. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2022.103826.

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Finger, David C., Luca Donghia, and Michaela Hrabalikova. "Nature-Based Solution for Flood and Drought Risk Reduction in Southern Iceland." Proceedings 30, no. 1 (December 26, 2019): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2019030044.

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Howarth, Michelle, Alistair Griffiths, Anna da Silva, and Richard Green. "Social prescribing: a ‘natural’ community-based solution." British Journal of Community Nursing 25, no. 6 (June 2, 2020): 294–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/bjcn.2020.25.6.294.

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This paper discusses social prescribing as part of the wider NHS England universal personalised care model, and it describes how community nurses can engage with social prescribing systems to support community resilience. A case study based on the example of gardening, as a nature-based social prescription provided by the RHS Bridgewater Wellbeing Garden, is provided to illustrate the scope, reach and impact of non-medical, salutogenic approaches for community practitioners. The authors argue that social prescribing and, in particular, nature-based solutions, such as gardening, can be used as a non-medical asset-based approach by all health professionals working in the community as a way to promote health and wellbeing. They consider how the negative impact of social distancing resulting from COVID-19 restrictions could be diluted through collaboration between a holistic, social prescribing system and community staff. The paper presents a unique perspective on how community nurses can collaborate with link workers through social prescribing to help combat social isolation and anxiety and support resilience.

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Shevchenko, Hanna, and Mykola Petrushenko. "Managing change in nature-based tourism: A decision-making model using linear programming." Problems and Perspectives in Management 20, no. 2 (May 4, 2022): 199–219. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.20(2).2022.17.

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In conditions of forced isolation, nature-based tourism meets the needs of safe and comfortable recreation and travel combined with the solution of acute issues of medical treatment and rehabilitation during the pandemic and post-pandemic periods. This study aims to develop a model for decision-making on change management in nature tourism based on the approach of linear economic and mathematical programming. The paper formalized changes in the variability of objective function parameters of the model and the system of its restrictions, following the structure of assets of nature-based tourism, balanced by the sustainability principle. The algorithm for implementing the model includes four stages: collection and processing of relevant data on nature-based tourism; considering changes in the objective function and the system of its limitations; linear programming with variability tests using the simplex method; defining ranges/limits in which decisions are made. The initial data are summarized and averaged based on the primary data analysis on the functioning of sanatoriums and other tourist and recreational facilities in Ukraine. Short-term nature-based tourism is considered, the services of which are classified according to the criterion of the primary purpose of travel: “wow-effect” tourism, sports tourism, health tourism, traditional recreation, and green tourism. The results make it possible to substantiate decisions on changes in recreational land areas and human resources, on the limits of changes in income due to the dynamics of service prices, as well as determine the price range while maintaining income structure and sustainability limits for natural and human assets of nature-based tourism. AcknowledgmentThe paper contains the results of a study conducted under the National Academy of Science of Ukraine’s grant Formation and Use of Natural-Resource Assets of the Recreational and Tourism Sphere (0120U100159) and the Nominal Scholarship of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine for Young Scientists-Doctors of Sciences for 2021 (0121U113482).

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Taneja, Poonam, Alexander van der Hoek, and Mark van Koningsveld. "A NATURE-BASED SOLUTION FOR SUSTAINABLE PORT DEVELOPMENT IN PORT OF KUALA TANJUNG, INDONESIA." Coastal Engineering Proceedings, no. 36v (December 31, 2020): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v36v.papers.51.

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The Building with Nature (BwN) approach developed by Ecoshape suggests that nature-based solutions can be sustainable and cost-effective alternatives for traditional engineering solutions. Widening the solution space by studying and understanding the physical and ecological system in the early stages of port planning and design is more likely to result in sustainable ports with opportunities for multi-functionality and respect for nature. This paper applies the BwN philosophy to a case study, i.e., the ongoing port development in Kuala Tanjung in Indonesia and examines the technical and financial feasibility of a nature-based concept, i.e., a mangrove breakwater instead of a traditional 'hard' breakwater. Mangroves can realize significant wave attenuation, and at the same time, they are productive eco-systems that can result in long-term benefits through multifunctional land use. A berm built of dredged material with a mild slope which 'grows' naturally by accretion behind permeable dams can create the right conditions for mangrove trees to grow. This mangrove protection can develop into a sustainable barrier which grows with the (relative) sea level rise by trapping sediments. A preliminary design was made on the basis of information available in literature. A rough cost comparison considering only the supply and placing of fill material showed that mangrove breakwater is about 25percent more expensive than a hard breakwater for the case under study. In view of the numerous port projects being planned in Indonesia, the technical and financial feasibility of mangrove breakwaters that can also enhance nature create added value for the surroundings is a promising finding.Recorded Presentation from the vICCE (YouTube Link): https://youtu.be/Rr8P8G1GjgM

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Lupp, Gerd, Aude Zingraff-Hamed, Josh J. Huang, Amy Oen, and Stephan Pauleit. "Living Labs—A Concept for Co-Designing Nature-Based Solutions." Sustainability 13, no. 1 (December 28, 2020): 188. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13010188.

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Living Labs are recognized as a progressive form to foster innovation and the strengthening of collaborative planning. The concept has received strong attention by the European Union (EU) research and innovation agendas recently. This contribution investigates how a Living Lab approach could be used for the design and implementation of Nature-Based Solutions (NBS). NBS are gaining acceptance as a more sustainable solution for reducing the exposure to natural hazards and vulnerability to events, such as increased flooding in changing climate. However, a lack of collaborative approaches hinders their broader implementation. A literature review on the theoretical aspects of the Living Labs concept in the context of NBS is conducted, and we compare the theoretical findings with practices that were observed by case studies implementing NBS in a collaborative manner. The Isar-Plan River Restoration in Munich, Germany, and the Mountain Forest Initiative (Bergwaldoffensive). Both of the case studies have already started well before the concept of Living Labs gained wider popularity. Both award-winning cases are recognized good practice for their exemplary in-depth stakeholder involvement. The paper discusses the concepts and approaches of Living Labs and reflects on how it can serve and support in-depth participatory stakeholder involvement.

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Muthee, Kennedy, Lalisa Duguma, Judith Nzyoka, and Peter Minang. "Ecosystem-Based Adaptation Practices as a Nature-Based Solution to Promote Water-Energy-Food Nexus Balance." Sustainability 13, no. 3 (January 22, 2021): 1142. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13031142.

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The objective of this study is to evaluate the contributions of ecosystem-based adaptation (EbA) practices to the water–energy–food (WEF) nexus balance, design practical pathways, and analyze barriers towards achievement of EbA-WEF balance. An area case study and descriptive methods were used to analyze data collected from 50 community forests (CFs) spread across three regions in The Gambia. Extensive information from relevant literature sources was also referred to in this study. Fourteen priority EbA practices were established and categorized into four major groups based on their application similarities. Among the anticipated ecosystem services were enhanced water resource conservation, food and feed production, enhanced energy supply, and improved community livelihoods to enhance their resilience. Pathways on how each practice under the broad category contributes to water, energy, and food were developed to demonstrate how they individually and collectively contribute towards the nexus balance. Key enablers identified included a conducive policy framework, institutional support, diverse incentives, information, knowledge, and technology transfer, and climate and non-climate barriers were cited as impediments. The paper concludes by outlining recommendations to overcome the established barriers.

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Mazur, Katarzyna. "River Re-naturalization - a Nature-based Solution for Climate Change in Urban Areas." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1203, no. 2 (November 1, 2021): 022044. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1203/2/022044.

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Abstract The subject of the article is river management and their reconstruction in connection with the need to adapt urban areas to climate change. The article presents a fragment of a wider research. The aim of the study is to identify and indicate the main directions of activities undertaken in the field of river reconstruction, based on the analysis of documents and literature on the subject. The case study of the Wandle River - one of the tributaries of the Thames, running through heavily urbanized areas in London, is an example of the restoration of the river. In this case, the use of natural solutions improved: flood and drought risk management, stormwater retention, inhabitants' access to the river and biodiversity of natural habitats associated with the river.

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Valkó, Orsolya, Zoltán Rádai, and Balázs Deák. "Hay transfer is a nature-based and sustainable solution for restoring grassland biodiversity." Journal of Environmental Management 311 (June 2022): 114816. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.114816.

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Vujcic, Maja, Jelena Tomicevic-Dubljevic, Mihailo Grbic, Dusica Lecic-Tosevski, Olivera Vukovic, and Oliver Toskovic. "Nature based solution for improving mental health and well-being in urban areas." Environmental Research 158 (October 2017): 385–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2017.06.030.

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Zhuang, Yueting, Yi Yang, Fei Wu, and Yunhe Pan. "Manifold Learning Based Cross-media Retrieval: A Solution to Media Object Complementary Nature." Journal of VLSI Signal Processing Systems for Signal, Image, and Video Technology 46, no. 2-3 (February 3, 2007): 153–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11265-006-0020-y.

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Mentzafou, Angeliki, and Elias Dimitriou. "Hydrological Modeling for Flood Adaptation under Climate Change: The Case of the Ancient Messene Archaeological Site in Greece." Hydrology 9, no. 2 (January 30, 2022): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/hydrology9020019.

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There is a growing global awareness about the impacts of climate change on cultural and natural heritage sites. In Greece—a homeland of important historical and cultural resources—archaeological sites are vulnerable to climate change-related flood events. In order to investigate the flood risk of the archaeological site of Ancient Messene under different climate change projections, a physically-based hydrological model was implemented and six climate change scenarios were examined. Additionally, the effectiveness of a soft structural nature-based solution adaption plan was evaluated. Based on the results, the archaeological site of Ancient Messene is shielded against small or larger flood events and only in case of extreme precipitation events is the area likely to be at risk. This flood risk can be further eliminated after implementing the soft structural nature-based solution adaptation plan proposed. Nature-based solutions provide a cost-effective alternative approach for flood risk reduction and climate change adaptation, with minimum possible disturbance, while hydrological modeling, even in case of data scarcity, constitute a valuable tool for flood risk estimation and adaptation plan management. Nature-based solutions seems to be most effective against small or medium precipitation events, and to limit the damages of extreme events. Their benefits for flood adaptation should not be underestimated.

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Kisser, Johannes, Maria Wirth, Bart De Gusseme, Miriam Van Eekert, Grietje Zeeman, Andreas Schoenborn, Björn Vinnerås, et al. "A review of nature-based solutions for resource recovery in cities." Blue-Green Systems 2, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 138–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/bgs.2020.930.

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Abstract Our modern cities are resource sinks designed on the current linear economic model which recovers very little of the original input. As the current model is not sustainable, a viable solution is to recover and reuse parts of the input. In this context, resource recovery using nature-based solutions (NBS) is gaining popularity worldwide. In this specific review, we focus on NBS as technologies that bring nature into cities and those that are derived from nature, using (micro)organisms as principal agents, provided they enable resource recovery. The findings presented in this work are based on an extensive literature review, as well as on original results of recent innovation projects across Europe. The case studies were collected by participants of the COST Action Circular City, which includes a portfolio of more than 92 projects. The present review article focuses on urban wastewater, industrial wastewater, municipal solid waste and gaseous effluents, the recoverable products (e.g., nutrients, nanoparticles, energy), as well as the implications of source-separation and circularity by design. The analysis also includes assessment of the maturity of different technologies (technology readiness level) and the barriers that need to be overcome to accelerate the transition to resilient, self-sustainable cities of the future.

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De Silva, Asitha, Dilanthi Amaratunga, and Richard Haigh. "Green and Blue Infrastructure as Nature-Based Better Preparedness Solutions for Disaster Risk Reduction: Key Policy Aspects." Sustainability 14, no. 23 (December 2, 2022): 16155. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142316155.

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The impact of disasters has increased and intensified due to climate change, and its adverse impacts which have caused many losses and damage among communities worldwide. Studies have confirmed that the main causal factor is the adverse impact on the natural environment and its processes due to anthropogenic activities. Therefore, decision-makers are looking for new measures and approaches where ecosystems and nature-based solutions are recognised as successful and sustainable solutions. However, applications of ecosystems or nature-based solutions seem inadequate, particularly in planning disaster risk reduction at the local level. In this context, this paper aims to examine the policy perspective on green and blue infrastructure as a nature-based solution for better preparedness in disaster risk reduction. The study is based on a detailed literature review, combining a policy review supported by a review of academic papers. The results confirmed that international policies and frameworks recognised the importance of ecosystems or nature-based solutions as a best practice for disaster risk reduction where green and blue infrastructure can be successfully integrated. In conclusion, translating the ideas of nature-based solutions from international policies and frameworks into local and national level planning will strengthen community resilience through better preparedness.

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Persson, Carl. "Nature-Based Nutrient Reduction for Seagrass Restoration." Marine Technology Society Journal 55, no. 3 (May 1, 2021): 112–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4031/mtsj.55.3.38.

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Abstract Seagrasses provide the following benefits worldwide. <list list-type="bullet"><list-item>Habitat for Marine Life</list-item><list-item>Nursery for Juvenile Fish</list-item><list-item>Food</list-item><list-item>Biodiversity</list-item><list-item>Carbon Storage (Blue Carbon)</list-item><list-item>Ocean Acidification Control</list-item><list-item>Oxygen Production</list-item><list-item>Sediment Erosion Control</list-item><list-item>Nutrient Cycling</list-item></list> Seagrass loss has been persistent for the past 100 years and is now accelerating at 7 percent (21,000 square kilometers) per year. We are addressing seagrass loss resulting from nutrient pollution which is about one third of the total.The technical objective is to remove at least as much total nitrogen from the sediment and bottom waters to allow restoration with the subsequent successful planting of seeds from nearby meadows.Our nature-based process starts with the eutrophication-induced restriction on the process to remove excess nitrogen from the top layer of sediment, coupled nitrification denitrification (CND). Decaying organic matter and biogeochemical processes consume enough oxygen to reduce the efficiency and capacity of the CND process.The solution is to increase the rate of dissolved oxygen flux in the bottom waters. Although science has known this for 20 years, how to do it has been a mystery. To facilitate oxygen dissolution, we will use nanoscale oxygen bubbles mixed with bottom water and delivered to the water/sediment interface.

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Ramísio, Paulo J., Rita Salgado Brito, and Paula Beceiro. "Accessing Synergies and Opportunities between Nature-Based Solutions and Urban Drainage Systems." Sustainability 14, no. 24 (December 16, 2022): 16906. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142416906.

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Urban drainage systems face intrinsic constraints related to the deterioration of infrastructure, the interaction between systems, and increasing requirements and stresses that lower the quality of provided services. Furthermore, climate change and the need for the efficient use of resources are providing additional pressures that cannot be addressed solely with “Business-as-usual” solutions. In this paper, the consequences of such problems and limitations on the urban environment have been assessed through the identification of linked major impacts (e.g., urban flooding and pollution events) and societal externalities (e.g., economic losses, health and social issues, and environmental risks). Since Nature-based Solutions (NBS) consider human well-being, socio-economic development, and governance principles, they open new perspectives regarding urban sustainability, quality of life, and climate change adaptation. To highlight their added value to existing Urban Drainage Systems (UDS), the synergies that result from implementing NBS with traditional urban drainage systems were identified and assessed. Based on a comprehensive framework, for both wastewater and stormwater, the relevant opportunities for rethinking UDS and NBS were identified. Most relevant positive effects go beyond the mitigation of existing intrinsic constraints of traditional systems (e.g., dealing with the control of pollutants or stormwater management) since NBS also provide important economic, social, and environmental co-benefits by including water in urban planning and providing greener open spaces. This integrated and complementary solution not only represents a contribution to the sustainable management of urban water, but also enables an increase in the resilience of urban areas and, in particular, water services against climate change and for additional social co-benefits.

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Acosta, Fortino, and Stephen Haroon. "Memorial Parking Trees: Resilient Modular Design with Nature-Based Solutions in Vulnerable Urban Areas." Land 10, no. 3 (March 15, 2021): 298. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land10030298.

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Nature-based solutions (NbS) include all the landscape’s ecological components that have a function in the natural or urban ecosystem. Memorial Parking Trees (MPTs) are a new variant of a nature-based solution composed of a bioswale and a street tree allocated in the road, occupying a space that is sub-utilised by parked cars. This infill green practice can maximise the use of street trees in secondary streets and have multiple benefits in our communities. Using GIS mapping and methodology can support implementation in vulnerable neighbourhoods. In this research, we based vulnerability assessments for London, Rio de Janeiro, and Los Angeles on the following three indicators: extreme temperature, air quality, and flood-prone areas. Evidence is emerging that disadvantaged populations may live at higher risks of exposure to environmental hazards. The income and healthcare accessibility of neighbourhoods are the two indicators that will help us target these communities for a better and faster decision-making process. The contrast between the results and the 15-min city concept supports our detecting and prioritising neighbourhoods for MPTS implementation, among other NbS solutions integrated into a more inclusive and sustainable urban design.

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Subbarao, Guntur V., Masahiro Kishii, Adrian Bozal-Leorri, Ivan Ortiz-Monasterio, Xiang Gao, Maria Itria Ibba, Hannes Karwat, et al. "Enlisting wild grass genes to combat nitrification in wheat farming: A nature-based solution." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 118, no. 35 (August 23, 2021): e2106595118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2106595118.

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Active nitrifiers and rapid nitrification are major contributing factors to nitrogen losses in global wheat production. Suppressing nitrifier activity is an effective strategy to limit N losses from agriculture. Production and release of nitrification inhibitors from plant roots is termed “biological nitrification inhibition” (BNI). Here, we report the discovery of a chromosome region that controls BNI production in “wheat grass” Leymus racemosus (Lam.) Tzvelev, located on the short arm of the “Lr#3Nsb” (Lr#n), which can be transferred to wheat as T3BL.3NsbS (denoted Lr#n-SA), where 3BS arm of chromosome 3B of wheat was replaced by 3NsbS of L. racemosus. We successfully introduced T3BL.3NsbS into the wheat cultivar “Chinese Spring” (CS-Lr#n-SA, referred to as “BNI-CS”), which resulted in the doubling of its BNI capacity. T3BL.3NsbS from BNI-CS was then transferred to several elite high-yielding hexaploid wheat cultivars, leading to near doubling of BNI production in “BNI-MUNAL” and “BNI-ROELFS.” Laboratory incubation studies with root-zone soil from field-grown BNI-MUNAL confirmed BNI trait expression, evident from suppression of soil nitrifier activity, reduced nitrification potential, and N2O emissions. Changes in N metabolism included reductions in both leaf nitrate, nitrate reductase activity, and enhanced glutamine synthetase activity, indicating a shift toward ammonium nutrition. Nitrogen uptake from soil organic matter mineralization improved under low N conditions. Biomass production, grain yields, and N uptake were significantly higher in BNI-MUNAL across N treatments. Grain protein levels and breadmaking attributes were not negatively impacted. Wide use of BNI functions in wheat breeding may combat nitrification in high N input–intensive farming but also can improve adaptation to low N input marginal areas.

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Baptist, Martin J., P. Dankers, J. Cleveringa, L. Sittoni, P. W. J. M. Willemsen, M. E. B. van Puijenbroek, B. M. L. de Vries, et al. "Salt marsh construction as a nature-based solution in an estuarine social-ecological system." Nature-Based Solutions 1 (December 2021): 100005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nbsj.2021.100005.

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White, Cian, Marcus J. Collier, and Jane C. Stout. "Using ecosystem services to measure the degree to which a solution is nature-based." Ecosystem Services 50 (August 2021): 101330. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoser.2021.101330.

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Heim, Dariusz, Katarzyna Klemm, Dominika Knera, and Anna Wieprzkowicz. "Greenery in the urban environment as a nature based solution for thermal stress mitigation." E3S Web of Conferences 49 (2018): 00045. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20184900045.

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The problem of thermal environment in the city and small urban settlement is described and discussed in the paper. The study was performed for two areas differed in the intensity of development, buildings height and greenery in the nearest surrounding. The results of measurements compared and discussed come from two, local meteorological stations located in both environments. The summer temperature history was compared and analysed using daily maximum, minimum and averaged values. For 85% of analysed days the minimum air temperature in the rural zone was lower than in the regular city area.

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Gulsrud, Natalie Marie, Kelly Hertzog, and Ian Shears. "Innovative urban forestry governance in Melbourne?: Investigating “green placemaking” as a nature-based solution." Environmental Research 161 (February 2018): 158–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2017.11.005.

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Tompkins, David, Costel Bumbac, Eoghan Clifford, Jean-Baptiste Dussaussois, Louise Hannon, Victòria Salvadó, and Tatjana Schellenberg. "EU Horizon 2020 Research for A Sustainable Future: INNOQUA—A Nature-Based Sanitation Solution." Water 11, no. 12 (November 23, 2019): 2461. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11122461.

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This paper explores the experiences of partners in the multi-national, EU-funded INNOQUA project, who have developed and are currently demonstrating the potential for novel nature-based, decentralised wastewater treatment solutions in ten different countries. Four solutions are under investigation, each at different Technology Readiness Levels (TRLs): Lumbrifilter; Daphniafilter; Bio-Solar Purification unit; UV disinfection unit. An overview of the solutions is provided, along within data from pilot sites. The project is currently entering an intensive demonstration phase, during which sites will be open for visits and act as the focus for training and dissemination activities on sustainable wastewater treatment. Barriers to market for nature-based solutions are also explored.

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ZHAI, Xuezhu, and LANGE Eckart. "USING SOCIAL MEDIA TO EXPLORE PERCEPTIONS OF ECOSYSTEM SERVICES BY NATURE-BASED SOLUTION PROJECTS." Landscape Architecture Frontiers 8, no. 3 (2020): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.15302/j-laf-1-020030.

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Barbagli, Alessio, Benjamin Niklas Jensen, Muhammad Raza, Christoph Schüth, and Rudy Rossetto. "Assessment of soil buffer capacity on nutrients and pharmaceuticals in nature-based solution applications." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 26, no. 1 (November 10, 2018): 759–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-018-3515-8.

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Liquete, Camino, Angel Udias, Giulio Conte, Bruna Grizzetti, and Fabio Masi. "Integrated valuation of a nature-based solution for water pollution control. Highlighting hidden benefits." Ecosystem Services 22 (December 2016): 392–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoser.2016.09.011.

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Reis, Marine Cirino Grossi, Alisson Carraro Borges, Fernando França da Cunha, and Roselir Ribeiro da Silva. "Evapotranspiration beds as a zero-discharge nature-based solution for wastewater disposal: A review." Ecological Engineering 189 (April 2023): 106896. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2023.106896.

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Agaton, Casper Boongaling, and Patricia Marie Caparas Guila. "Ecosystem Services Valuation of Constructed Wetland as a Nature-Based Solution to Wastewater Treatment." Earth 4, no. 1 (February 11, 2023): 78–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/earth4010006.

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Constructed wetlands (CWs) are nature-based solutions that utilize natural vegetation, soils, and microbes to treat domestic wastewater and industrial effluents. They are engineered treatment systems that mimic the functions of natural wetlands to capture stormwater, reduce nutrient loads, and create diverse wildlife habitats. Providing these monetary and non-monetary benefits, its implementation has grown in several applications and geographical spread. Recent studies integrate the ecosystem services of CWs in project valuation, and the critical analysis of research hotspots has not been made yet. This study employs a systematic review to analyze the literature on ecosystem services provided by CWs and how they are incorporated into the valuation of CW projects. Among the ecosystem services that have been identified are provisioning (biomass and water supply), regulating (wastewater treatment and purification, climate regulation, flood prevention, and erosion control), cultural (recreation and aesthetic, biodiversity, education, and research), and supporting (habitat formation, nutrient cycling, and hydrological cycle). In terms of valuation methods and techniques, the results identified contingent valuation, shadow pricing, cost–benefit analysis, benefits transfer, habitat evaluation procedures, replacement cost, and travel cost. The analysis results provide researchers with a concrete basis for future studies and directions for further development. This also provides policymakers and CW project planners with valuable insights on various aspects of policy support for CW adoption and project valuation.

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Khoja, Ahmed, and Sahl Waheeb. "Vernomimicry: Bridging the Gap between Nature and Sustainable Architecture." Journal of Sustainable Development 13, no. 1 (January 30, 2020): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jsd.v13n1p33.

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Biomimicry or learning from nature in architecture is a method that aims to develop a sustainable design solution for modern world challenges by mimicking models, systems, and elements of nature. However, developing biomimetic solutions is not a problem-free approach due to the fact that both, biology and architecture are different. Therefore, the vernacular architecture being the human form of natural construction can be used to help bridge the gap between nature and architecture. There are certain potentials and limitations of using both, biomimicry and vernacular architecture in modern day architecture. However, several methods and the process can be used to develop solutions for these issues. A fusion between both approaches in the form of “Vernomimicry” be used to apply nature based and nature like solutions in architecture successfully.

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Pugliese, Francesco, Gerardo Caroppi, Aude Zingraff-Hamed, Gerd Lupp, and Maurizio Giugni. "Nature-Based Solutions (NBSs) Application for Hydro-Environment Enhancement. A Case Study of the Isar River (DE)." Environmental Sciences Proceedings 2, no. 1 (August 26, 2020): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/environsciproc2020002030.

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In mountain areas, natural hazards, e.g., flooding, snow avalanches, droughts, and landslides are triggered by climate change, anthropization, and economic development. Nature-Based Solutions (NBSs) are attracting increasing interest as they are able to couple technical solutions against natural hazards with ecological and socio-economic resilience. On this matter, the four-year H2020 Innovation Action “PHUSICOS—According to Nature” (Grant Agreement nr. 776681) project aims to assess the effectiveness of NBSs and hybrid solutions to hinder hydro-meteorological events in rural and mountainous areas in Europe. Among the ongoing activities within the project, a multi-criteria tool was implemented to assess the effectiveness of NBSs measures from the technical, environmental, and socio-economic perspectives. In this work, the preliminary application of the assessment tool to the Isar River (DE) PHUSICOS concept case is discussed, with reference to an ex-post analysis of the flood risk management plan, comparing the performances of the implemented NBS project scenario against a potential grey solution.

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Olivares, Rodrigo, Ricardo Soto, Broderick Crawford, Fabián Riquelme, Roberto Munoz, Víctor Ríos, Rodrigo Cabrera, and Carlos Castro. "Entropy–Based Diversification Approach for Bio–Computing Methods." Entropy 24, no. 9 (September 14, 2022): 1293. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e24091293.

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Nature–inspired computing is a promising field of artificial intelligence. This area is mainly devoted to designing computational models based on natural phenomena to address complex problems. Nature provides a rich source of inspiration for designing smart procedures capable of becoming powerful algorithms. Many of these procedures have been successfully developed to treat optimization problems, with impressive results. Nonetheless, for these algorithms to reach their maximum performance, a proper balance between the intensification and the diversification phases is required. The intensification generates a local solution around the best solution by exploiting a promising region. Diversification is responsible for finding new solutions when the main procedure is trapped in a local region. This procedure is usually carryout by non-deterministic fundamentals that do not necessarily provide the expected results. Here, we encounter the stagnation problem, which describes a scenario where the search for the optimum solution stalls before discovering a globally optimal solution. In this work, we propose an efficient technique for detecting and leaving local optimum regions based on Shannon entropy. This component can measure the uncertainty level of the observations taken from random variables. We employ this principle on three well–known population–based bio–inspired optimization algorithms: particle swarm optimization, bat optimization, and black hole algorithm. The proposal’s performance is evidenced by solving twenty of the most challenging instances of the multidimensional knapsack problem. Computational results show that the proposed exploration approach is a legitimate alternative to manage the diversification of solutions since the improved techniques can generate a better distribution of the optimal values found. The best results are with the bat method, where in all instances, the enhanced solver with the Shannon exploration strategy works better than its native version. For the other two bio-inspired algorithms, the proposal operates significantly better in over 70% of instances.

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Quagliolo, Carlotta, Peter Roebeling, Rita Mendonça, Alessandro Pezzoli, and Elena Comino. "Integrating Biophysical and Economic Assessment: Review of Nature-Based Adaptation to Urban Flood Extremes." Urban Science 6, no. 3 (August 23, 2022): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/urbansci6030053.

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Over the last decade, the potential of nature-based solutions (NBS) has been recognized to support climate change adaptation, by promoting sustainable urban planning. Nevertheless, a wider uptake of such solutions in urban areas faces different challenges and barriers. A comprehensive mapping of available NBS impact assessment methods could help to accelerate this process. There is, however, a lack of comprehensive systematization of economic analysis. This research aims to provide an overview of NBS impact evaluations by assessing how the scientific literature integrates such economic analysis into urban planning adaptation. A systematic review approach has been used to discuss the role of NBS in climate change adaptation. This review presents two main stages. Firstly, it identifies the biophysical–economic assessment of NBS adaptation measures to reduce urban flood extremes in coastal cities. Secondly, the NBS approaches were categorized based on the biophysical benefits (in terms of flood-risk reduction) related to each specific solution and the subsequent economic evaluation of such implementations. This research review revealed a low-level gap of integration between climate change issues and NBS analysis (i.e., it is commonly used as background condition). Most publications provide NBS biophysical impacts assessment, without combining these results with economic evaluation of the flood damages to finally achieve the avoided cost due to the implementation of such solutions. This work shows the growing interest on further research to develop spatially integrated environmental–economic assessment of NBS implementation, by highlighting the needs and opportunities of a trans-disciplinary approach to support policy-making in the framework of urban climate change adaptation.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Nature-based solution'

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